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Economic News Release
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Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, October 3, 2018                      USDL-18-1585

Technical information:
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/sae
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau

Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- AUGUST 2018


Unemployment rates were lower in August than a year earlier in 340 of the 388 metropolitan
areas, higher in 35 areas, and unchanged in 13 areas, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. Fifty-seven areas had jobless rates of less than 3.0 percent and two
areas had rates of at least 10.0 percent. Nonfarm payroll employment increased over the
year in 60 metropolitan areas and was essentially unchanged in 328 areas. The national
unemployment rate in August was 3.9 percent, not seasonally adjusted, down from 4.5
percent a year earlier.

Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In August, Ames, IA, had the lowest unemployment rate, 1.7 percent. Yuma, AZ, and El
Centro, CA, had the highest unemployment rates, 22.0 percent and 20.3 percent,
respectively. A total of 189 areas had August jobless rates above the U.S. rate of
3.9 percent, 186 areas had rates below it, and 13 areas had rates equal to that of the
nation. (See table 1.)

The largest over-the-year unemployment rate decreases occurred in Bay City, MI, and
Muskegon, MI (-2.0 percentage points each). Seventy-five additional areas had rate
declines of at least 1.0 percentage point. Colorado Springs, CO, had the largest over-
the-year rate increase in August (+0.9 percentage point).

Of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010 Census population of 1 million or more,
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI, had the lowest unemployment rate in August,
2.5 percent. New Orleans-Metairie, LA, had the highest jobless rate among the large
areas, 5.3 percent, closely followed by Cleveland-Elyria, OH, 5.2 percent. Forty-six
large areas had over-the-year unemployment rate decreases and five had increases. The
largest rate decrease occurred in Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI (-1.4 percentage
points). The largest over-the-year rate increase was in Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO
(+0.6 percentage point).

Metropolitan Division Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Eleven of the most populous metropolitan areas are made up of 38 metropolitan divisions,
which are essentially separately identifiable employment centers. In August, San
Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA, had the lowest unemployment rate
among the divisions, 2.3 percent, closely followed by San Rafael, CA, 2.4 percent.
Philadelphia, PA, had the highest division rate, 5.5 percent. (See table 2.)

In August, 35 metropolitan divisions had over-the-year unemployment rate decreases, 1
had an increase, and 2 had no change. The largest rate decline occurred in Chicago-
Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL (-1.8 percentage points). The lone over-the-year rate
increase was marginal (+0.1 percentage point in Nashua, NH-MA).

Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In August, 60 metropolitan areas had over-the-year increases in nonfarm payroll
employment and 328 were essentially unchanged. The largest over-the-year employment
increases occurred in New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA (+136,100), Dallas-Fort
Worth-Arlington, TX (+114,900), and Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX (+110,200).
The largest over-the-year percentage gains in employment occurred in Midland, TX
(+9.2 percent), Manhattan, KS (+8.2 percent), and Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ (+6.9
percent). (See table 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm employment rose in 37 of the 51 metropolitan areas with a 2010
Census population of 1 million or more, while employment remained essentially unchanged
in 14. The largest over-the-year percentage increases in employment in these large
metropolitan areas occurred in Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL (+4.1 percent), Seattle-
Tacoma-Bellevue, WA (+3.9 percent), and Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX, and Las
Vegas-Henderson-Paradise, NV (+3.7 percent each).

Metropolitan Division Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In August, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 15 of the 38 metropolitan divisions
over the year and remained essentially unchanged in 23. The largest over-the-year
increase in employment among the metropolitan divisions occurred in New York-Jersey 
City-White Plains, NY-NJ (+108,500), followed by Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+91,500),
and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA (+67,000). (See table 4.)

The largest over-the-year percentage increase occurred in Seattle-Bellevue-Everett,
WA (+4.0 percent), followed by Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX (+3.6 percent), and Tacoma-
Lakewood, WA (+3.4 percent).

_____________
The State Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled to be
released on Friday, October 19, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). The Metropolitan Area
Employment and Unemployment news release for September is scheduled to be released on
Tuesday, November 6, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EST).




Technical Note
 
   This release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data from the
Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2) for 388
metropolitan statistical areas and metropolitan New England City and Town Areas
(NECTAs), plus 7 areas in Puerto Rico. Estimates for 38 metropolitan and NECTA
divisions also are presented. Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4) are provided for
the same areas. State estimates were previously published in the news release
State Employment and Unemployment, and are republished in this release for
ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the
same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates
obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households
that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed persons and unemployed persons on a
place-of-residence basis.  The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional
population 16 years of age and older. Employed persons are those who did any work
at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the
12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or
farm, plus those not working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent,
whether or not paid, for such reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or
vacation. Unemployed persons are those who were not employed during the reference
week (based on the definition above), had actively looked for a job sometime in the
4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently available for work;
persons on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as
unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for states, the District of Columbia, the Los
Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division, and New York City are produced
using time-series models with real-time benchmarking to national CPS totals. Model-
based estimates are also produced for the following areas and their respective
balances: the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division;
Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area; Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI
Metropolitan Statistical Area; Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division;
and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan Division. Modeling improves the
statistical basis of the estimation for these areas and provides important tools
for analysis, such as measures of errors and seasonally adjusted series. For all
other substate areas in this release, estimates are prepared through indirect
estimation procedures using a building-block approach.  Estimates of employed
persons, which are based largely on “place of work” estimates from the CES program,
are adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. Unemployment
estimates are aggregates of persons previously employed in industries covered by
state unemployment insurance (UI) laws and entrants to the labor force from the
CPS. The substate estimates of employment and unemployment, which geographically
exhaust the entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure that they add to
the independently estimated model-based area totals. A detailed description of the
estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data shown for the prior
year reflect adjustments made at the beginning of each year, usually implemented with
the issuance of January estimates. The adjusted model-based estimates typically reflect
updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in other input
data sources, and model re-estimation. All substate estimates then are re-estimated
using updated inputs and adjusted to add to the revised model-based totals.  In early
2015, a new generation of time-series models was implemented, resulting in the
replacement of data back to the series beginnings. At the same time, enhancements were
made to the substate estimation methodology, and more timely inputs from the American
Community Survey were incorporated.

Employment--from the CES program 

   Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive
pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are
counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing
on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the
basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North
American Industry Classification System.

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several
estimation procedures. Where possible these data are produced using a "weighted link
relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current-month weighted employment
to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current
month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month's employment
estimates. The weighted link relative technique is utilized for data series where the
sample size meets certain statistical criteria.

   For some employment series, the sample of establishments is very small or highly
variable. In these cases, a model-based approach is used in estimation. These models
use the direct sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of historical
(benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in estimation. Two different models
(Fay-Herriot Model and Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level
being estimated. For more detailed information about each model, refer to the BLS
Handbook of Methods.

   Annual revisions.  Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count
of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by
employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark
information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the
preceding one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month.
Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used
to measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the subsequent months.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted for states,
metropolitan areas, and metropolitan divisions at the total nonfarm level. For states,
data are seasonally adjusted at the supersector level as well. Revisions to historical
data for the most recent 5 years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark
adjustments.

   Beginning with the release of January 2018 preliminary estimates, payroll employment
data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates including
those for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent
sample-based factors are created every month for the current month's preliminary
estimate as well as the previous month's final estimate in order to incorporate
real-time estimates. Previously, the sample-based seasonal factors were forecasted
once annually at the beginning of the year and applied to the sample-based estimates
for the 12 months of the year. 

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data,
and modeling and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error
is a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs by chance because a
sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to
nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and
processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to
additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used. The sums of
individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of
rounding.

Use of error measures

   Civilian labor force and unemployment estimates. Measures of sampling error are not
available for metropolitan areas or metropolitan divisions. Model-based error measures for
states are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/laus/lastderr.htm. Measures of
nonsampling error are not available for the areas contained in this release. Information
on recent data revisions for states and local areas is available online at
www.bls.gov/lau/launews1.htm.

   Employment estimates. Changes in metropolitan area nonfarm payroll employment are cited
in the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically
significant at the 90-percent confidence level.  Measures of sampling error for the total
nonfarm employment series are available for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions
at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of sampling error for more detailed series
at the area and division level are available upon request. Measures of sampling error for
states at the supersector level and for the private service-providing, goods-producing,
total private and total nonfarm levels are available on the BLS website at 
www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Information on recent benchmark revisions
is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

Area definitions

   The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations issued by the
U.S. Office of Management and Budget on July 15, 2015. Data reflect New England City and
Town Area (NECTA) definitions, rather than county-based definitions, in the six New England
States. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at
www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm.

Additional information

   Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted civilian labor force and unemployment
data for states and seven substate areas are available in the news release State Employment
and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment for all states,
metropolitan areas, counties, cities with a population of 25,000 or more, and other areas
used in the administration of various federal economic assistance programs are available
on the Internet at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program are available on
the BLS website at www.bls.gov/sae/.

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals
upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 




LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area
State and area Civilian labor force Unemployed
July August Number Percent of labor force
2017 2018 2017 2018(p) July August July August
2017 2018 2017 2018(p) 2017 2018 2017 2018(p)

Alabama

2,173,759 2,217,339 2,158,653 2,204,787 100,246 97,615 93,099 91,950 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.2

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville

45,684 46,808 45,386 46,444 2,335 2,430 2,203 2,262 5.1 5.2 4.9 4.9

Auburn-Opelika

73,019 73,175 72,707 73,825 3,010 3,028 2,885 2,888 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9

Birmingham-Hoover

537,270 548,960 532,228 544,341 22,277 21,324 20,989 20,485 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.8

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley

94,556 98,009 92,994 96,110 3,585 3,607 3,543 3,527 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.7

Decatur

68,765 70,535 68,176 70,118 3,014 2,817 2,838 2,691 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.8

Dothan

62,382 63,375 62,149 62,694 2,738 2,827 2,658 2,732 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.4

Florence-Muscle Shoals

64,701 65,568 64,407 64,960 3,260 3,301 3,065 3,074 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.7

Gadsden

42,736 43,545 42,412 42,914 2,008 1,955 1,888 1,867 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4

Huntsville

216,015 224,494 214,894 224,986 8,671 8,687 8,157 8,194 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.6

Mobile

186,095 188,967 184,692 187,413 10,121 10,131 9,385 9,282 5.4 5.4 5.1 5.0

Montgomery

172,251 175,477 171,016 173,831 7,900 7,508 7,051 7,238 4.6 4.3 4.1 4.2

Tuscaloosa

112,645 112,259 112,561 114,217 5,551 5,232 4,761 4,587 4.9 4.7 4.2 4.0

Alaska

373,884 366,761 368,916 360,804 24,848 21,143 23,546 19,390 6.6 5.8 6.4 5.4

Anchorage

204,066 200,688 200,222 196,002 12,919 10,911 12,234 10,047 6.3 5.4 6.1 5.1

Fairbanks

47,102 46,175 47,118 46,484 2,764 2,358 2,611 2,068 5.9 5.1 5.5 4.4

Arizona

3,309,906 3,372,025 3,314,163 3,363,285 169,559 169,248 171,931 178,100 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.3

Flagstaff

76,649 77,253 75,699 75,642 4,430 4,425 4,187 4,376 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.8

Lake Havasu City-Kingman

83,458 85,553 83,271 84,846 4,853 4,814 4,953 5,082 5.8 5.6 5.9 6.0

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale

2,304,786 2,354,881 2,307,376 2,349,737 100,022 100,595 101,233 106,213 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.5

Prescott

102,828 105,079 102,252 103,016 4,527 4,603 4,664 4,914 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.8

Sierra Vista-Douglas

48,207 48,281 48,701 48,074 2,780 2,729 2,863 2,906 5.8 5.7 5.9 6.0

Tucson

472,599 479,175 470,143 474,870 21,796 21,774 21,874 22,714 4.6 4.5 4.7 4.8

Yuma

96,351 94,976 97,508 97,430 20,726 20,050 21,836 21,434 21.5 21.1 22.4 22.0

Arkansas

1,373,322 1,364,018 1,360,376 1,344,473 57,080 51,940 51,805 45,168 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.4

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers

277,684 278,682 274,404 274,642 8,899 7,962 8,087 6,990 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.5

Fort Smith

121,153 119,451 120,596 118,266 5,384 4,723 5,213 4,277 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.6

Hot Springs

42,000 41,197 40,994 40,055 1,898 1,675 1,678 1,477 4.5 4.1 4.1 3.7

Jonesboro

65,460 65,777 64,719 64,682 2,378 2,193 2,191 1,854 3.6 3.3 3.4 2.9

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway

365,269 364,607 359,772 355,989 13,272 12,085 12,131 10,839 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.0

Pine Bluff

36,012 35,304 35,457 34,513 2,039 1,917 1,846 1,625 5.7 5.4 5.2 4.7

California

19,413,562 19,469,829 19,376,487 19,368,137 995,611 857,023 959,037 825,595 5.1 4.4 4.9 4.3

Bakersfield

384,859 385,259 388,255 386,228 35,709 31,372 33,385 28,155 9.3 8.1 8.6 7.3

Chico

102,370 103,526 102,231 103,253 6,275 5,210 5,959 4,804 6.1 5.0 5.8 4.7

El Centro

72,263 72,015 74,218 73,944 15,031 13,749 16,342 15,027 20.8 19.1 22.0 20.3

Fresno

451,774 457,585 451,731 451,672 36,669 32,485 34,686 29,603 8.1 7.1 7.7 6.6

Hanford-Corcoran

58,688 58,014 58,349 57,532 4,868 4,316 4,466 3,836 8.3 7.4 7.7 6.7

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,777,366 6,792,028 6,757,630 6,742,613 337,516 314,534 324,482 309,817 5.0 4.6 4.8 4.6

Madera

60,917 60,993 61,396 61,293 4,868 4,246 4,479 3,790 8.0 7.0 7.3 6.2

Merced

113,666 115,735 116,155 117,209 10,323 9,262 9,494 8,235 9.1 8.0 8.2 7.0

Modesto

245,173 246,040 247,382 245,307 18,716 16,430 17,024 14,498 7.6 6.7 6.9 5.9

Napa

75,594 74,715 74,909 73,950 2,769 2,198 2,644 2,048 3.7 2.9 3.5 2.8

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

425,120 422,657 423,454 421,761 20,339 16,416 20,394 16,369 4.8 3.9 4.8 3.9

Redding

74,177 74,324 74,687 74,937 4,333 3,662 4,149 3,499 5.8 4.9 5.6 4.7

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

2,021,898 2,042,492 2,020,970 2,037,431 114,853 93,521 112,544 90,705 5.7 4.6 5.6 4.5

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade

1,093,170 1,089,044 1,088,671 1,083,803 52,802 42,212 50,763 40,822 4.8 3.9 4.7 3.8

Salinas

230,918 231,859 228,608 228,869 12,567 10,897 11,769 9,888 5.4 4.7 5.1 4.3

San Diego-Carlsbad

1,594,546 1,592,287 1,588,585 1,584,075 70,688 56,298 68,291 54,269 4.4 3.5 4.3 3.4

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,592,172 2,594,533 2,583,154 2,581,445 95,323 74,070 92,821 71,540 3.7 2.9 3.6 2.8

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara

1,080,969 1,095,087 1,077,690 1,088,617 38,775 30,202 37,479 29,060 3.6 2.8 3.5 2.7

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande

142,365 141,971 138,914 138,391 5,714 4,453 5,494 4,211 4.0 3.1 4.0 3.0

Santa Cruz-Watsonville

146,666 147,369 144,915 145,150 7,390 6,156 6,892 5,677 5.0 4.2 4.8 3.9

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

219,051 217,317 217,573 215,380 9,757 8,152 9,300 7,727 4.5 3.8 4.3 3.6

Santa Rosa

263,774 265,184 264,707 265,749 9,634 7,539 9,189 7,173 3.7 2.8 3.5 2.7

Stockton-Lodi

324,981 327,411 327,057 328,099 22,962 19,538 21,723 18,254 7.1 6.0 6.6 5.6

Vallejo-Fairfield

210,052 208,145 210,090 206,881 10,626 8,495 10,260 8,056 5.1 4.1 4.9 3.9

Visalia-Porterville

204,064 208,268 205,251 207,687 21,031 19,501 20,432 18,000 10.3 9.4 10.0 8.7

Yuba City

75,851 75,214 76,484 75,170 5,724 4,953 5,273 4,421 7.5 6.6 6.9 5.9

Colorado

3,019,606 3,126,122 3,018,153 3,101,394 84,207 95,289 83,673 106,094 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.4

Boulder

186,734 191,370 187,198 191,730 4,601 5,197 4,542 6,014 2.5 2.7 2.4 3.1

Colorado Springs

341,447 358,394 341,375 355,492 11,287 13,359 10,991 14,452 3.3 3.7 3.2 4.1

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood

1,606,332 1,659,292 1,606,170 1,648,015 43,261 48,683 43,415 54,685 2.7 2.9 2.7 3.3

Fort Collins

196,900 204,057 197,196 203,186 4,607 5,141 4,670 6,095 2.3 2.5 2.4 3.0

Grand Junction

74,042 75,885 74,442 75,669 2,894 2,932 2,766 3,022 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.0

Greeley

156,723 164,321 158,212 164,399 4,168 4,617 4,130 5,191 2.7 2.8 2.6 3.2

Pueblo

74,265 75,569 73,992 74,674 3,407 3,619 3,320 3,795 4.6 4.8 4.5 5.1

Connecticut

1,951,246 1,944,408 1,920,059 1,905,326 94,974 86,499 89,647 77,120 4.9 4.4 4.7 4.0

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk

481,932 478,655 472,780 468,303 23,111 21,032 21,783 18,743 4.8 4.4 4.6 4.0

Danbury

110,564 110,543 108,555 108,220 4,466 4,124 4,146 3,634 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.4

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford

634,038 634,349 624,740 621,976 31,441 28,548 29,819 25,610 5.0 4.5 4.8 4.1

New Haven

333,646 331,817 328,463 324,631 16,470 14,838 15,416 13,178 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.1

Norwich-New London-Westerly

148,804 148,526 146,934 146,228 6,877 6,210 6,412 5,453 4.6 4.2 4.4 3.7

Waterbury

114,050 112,737 112,291 110,577 6,669 6,265 6,460 5,684 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.1

Delaware

483,010 492,985 480,786 488,689 23,342 20,650 22,830 20,790 4.8 4.2 4.7 4.3

Dover

77,315 80,000 76,803 79,243 4,338 3,841 4,243 3,855 5.6 4.8 5.5 4.9

Salisbury(1)

203,058 199,674 200,033 196,794 9,315 9,043 9,033 8,663 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.4

District of Columbia

407,291 414,707 400,601 401,407 26,933 24,791 25,560 24,622 6.6 6.0 6.4 6.1

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria

3,438,343 3,471,575 3,392,976 3,405,508 134,363 122,021 130,626 118,423 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.5

Florida

10,164,624 10,319,333 10,105,593 10,191,327 444,483 409,001 439,388 383,417 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.8

Cape Coral-Fort Myers

334,546 338,747 333,807 334,892 14,206 12,902 13,833 12,277 4.2 3.8 4.1 3.7

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin

130,023 135,373 127,988 132,061 4,509 4,088 4,393 3,829 3.5 3.0 3.4 2.9

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach

299,811 305,861 298,367 302,934 13,621 12,453 13,481 11,681 4.5 4.1 4.5 3.9

Gainesville

141,940 143,714 140,050 141,509 5,681 5,199 5,447 4,817 4.0 3.6 3.9 3.4

Homosassa Springs

47,495 47,690 48,145 48,065 2,893 2,726 2,846 2,608 6.1 5.7 5.9 5.4

Jacksonville

773,117 793,744 768,587 783,591 32,709 30,351 32,042 27,594 4.2 3.8 4.2 3.5

Lakeland-Winter Haven

293,402 299,988 293,900 298,313 14,588 13,680 14,417 12,828 5.0 4.6 4.9 4.3

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

3,161,908 3,172,468 3,129,204 3,116,923 142,866 128,584 142,970 120,774 4.5 4.1 4.6 3.9

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island

169,435 168,718 169,344 167,634 7,617 7,012 7,904 7,063 4.5 4.2 4.7 4.2

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton

360,491 368,514 359,869 363,999 14,701 13,622 14,649 13,042 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.6

Ocala

134,690 136,968 133,670 135,541 6,936 6,505 6,810 6,104 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.5

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford

1,314,362 1,364,524 1,308,075 1,347,926 52,345 48,886 51,224 45,725 4.0 3.6 3.9 3.4

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville

272,917 275,600 270,875 272,332 12,025 10,768 11,823 10,056 4.4 3.9 4.4 3.7

Panama City

97,456 100,354 96,990 98,235 3,959 3,624 3,898 3,308 4.1 3.6 4.0 3.4

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent

225,108 228,993 224,442 226,659 9,568 8,886 9,232 8,081 4.3 3.9 4.1 3.6

Port St. Lucie

211,032 213,047 210,865 211,686 10,677 10,022 10,516 9,372 5.1 4.7 5.0 4.4

Punta Gorda

69,814 71,160 69,768 70,327 3,390 3,137 3,410 3,052 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.3

Sebastian-Vero Beach

63,216 64,142 63,018 63,325 3,437 3,252 3,450 3,087 5.4 5.1 5.5 4.9

Sebring

35,236 34,817 35,995 35,173 2,193 2,023 2,164 1,895 6.2 5.8 6.0 5.4

Tallahassee

190,514 193,071 187,965 190,508 8,197 7,651 7,867 7,002 4.3 4.0 4.2 3.7

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

1,520,403 1,548,581 1,513,659 1,535,970 62,669 58,966 61,553 55,502 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.6

The Villages

30,256 30,614 30,497 30,663 1,900 1,729 1,926 1,677 6.3 5.6 6.3 5.5

Georgia

5,090,447 5,196,412 5,060,417 5,124,948 255,534 209,298 248,105 192,615 5.0 4.0 4.9 3.8

Albany

67,704 69,125 67,629 67,881 3,993 3,448 3,935 3,175 5.9 5.0 5.8 4.7

Athens-Clarke County

101,342 104,354 100,737 103,008 4,940 3,904 4,692 3,581 4.9 3.7 4.7 3.5

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell

3,056,206 3,127,974 3,038,498 3,085,957 146,525 118,814 143,397 110,934 4.8 3.8 4.7 3.6

Augusta-Richmond County

266,174 273,482 265,932 269,090 14,077 11,938 13,995 11,394 5.3 4.4 5.3 4.2

Brunswick

54,438 54,855 53,597 53,649 2,642 2,057 2,644 1,974 4.9 3.7 4.9 3.7

Columbus

125,093 127,711 124,078 125,887 7,226 6,163 7,090 5,763 5.8 4.8 5.7 4.6

Dalton

61,467 62,867 60,889 61,523 3,406 3,148 3,362 2,582 5.5 5.0 5.5 4.2

Gainesville

101,252 104,822 100,441 103,888 4,195 3,337 4,121 3,070 4.1 3.2 4.1 3.0

Hinesville

33,618 34,175 33,770 33,910 1,778 1,464 1,767 1,375 5.3 4.3 5.2 4.1

Macon-Bibb County

105,965 106,947 105,593 105,597 5,702 4,591 5,700 4,304 5.4 4.3 5.4 4.1

Rome

44,785 45,264 44,203 44,479 2,772 2,113 2,372 1,869 6.2 4.7 5.4 4.2

Savannah

188,424 188,672 186,191 185,202 8,680 6,999 8,504 6,642 4.6 3.7 4.6 3.6

Valdosta

64,518 66,609 64,318 65,599 3,254 2,768 3,191 2,563 5.0 4.2 5.0 3.9

Warner Robins

85,289 86,358 85,132 85,378 4,344 3,502 4,277 3,314 5.1 4.1 5.0 3.9

Hawaii

688,438 690,125 682,136 683,846 16,219 15,151 14,814 14,754 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina

87,817 88,778 87,384 87,810 2,214 1,919 1,964 1,814 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1

Urban Honolulu

471,224 471,241 466,330 467,966 10,374 9,554 9,845 9,641 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.1

Idaho

845,036 866,913 839,691 854,464 24,691 23,870 24,036 19,695 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.3

Boise City

349,199 360,894 348,211 356,217 10,357 9,991 10,098 8,196 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.3

Coeur d'Alene

77,480 79,396 77,050 78,398 2,515 2,417 2,539 2,046 3.2 3.0 3.3 2.6

Idaho Falls

68,851 70,485 68,373 69,283 1,719 1,595 1,674 1,363 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.0

Lewiston

31,603 32,032 31,479 31,557 953 965 924 816 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.6

Pocatello

41,187 42,387 40,739 41,546 1,182 1,145 1,133 944 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.3

Illinois

6,567,081 6,561,454 6,504,014 6,460,016 335,872 280,091 344,193 269,055 5.1 4.3 5.3 4.2

Bloomington

95,830 96,642 95,060 95,559 4,166 4,027 4,012 3,920 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.1

Carbondale-Marion

59,408 59,592 58,704 58,447 2,982 2,898 2,959 2,887 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9

Champaign-Urbana

117,311 120,185 114,320 116,460 5,376 5,343 5,142 5,196 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin

4,985,235 4,957,787 4,933,346 4,883,652 255,098 204,010 265,755 193,803 5.1 4.1 5.4 4.0

Danville

34,298 34,597 33,948 33,841 2,332 2,040 2,306 2,003 6.8 5.9 6.8 5.9

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island(1)

192,804 194,957 190,939 192,867 8,114 7,278 8,242 7,468 4.2 3.7 4.3 3.9

Decatur

49,606 50,785 49,320 49,701 2,851 2,819 2,895 2,745 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.5

Kankakee

56,073 59,078 55,790 58,447 2,860 2,746 2,858 2,775 5.1 4.6 5.1 4.7

Peoria

178,387 180,204 177,528 177,740 9,730 8,775 9,514 8,778 5.5 4.9 5.4 4.9

Rockford

166,424 168,435 164,391 166,580 9,319 8,454 9,222 8,770 5.6 5.0 5.6 5.3

Springfield

110,811 111,725 112,188 112,325 4,765 4,490 4,786 4,704 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.2

Indiana

3,355,414 3,446,083 3,332,392 3,409,605 120,612 121,497 131,017 127,488 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.7

Bloomington

74,245 72,342 75,092 75,167 3,046 3,157 3,365 3,350 4.1 4.4 4.5 4.5

Columbus

44,900 46,764 44,499 46,643 1,269 1,229 1,383 1,308 2.8 2.6 3.1 2.8

Elkhart-Goshen

113,737 120,648 112,937 119,173 2,981 3,178 3,245 3,502 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.9

Evansville

163,395 168,517 161,135 165,085 5,697 5,590 5,970 5,804 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.5

Fort Wayne

214,618 221,363 212,461 220,396 7,066 7,130 7,755 7,543 3.3 3.2 3.7 3.4

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson

1,059,000 1,089,987 1,050,100 1,079,564 36,017 36,260 39,046 37,900 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.5

Kokomo

38,230 40,418 37,950 40,226 1,428 1,402 1,558 1,470 3.7 3.5 4.1 3.7

Lafayette-West Lafayette

106,921 112,483 110,550 112,432 3,746 3,771 4,136 3,980 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.5

Michigan City-La Porte

48,212 48,603 47,716 47,664 2,038 2,045 2,200 2,117 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.4

Muncie

53,916 55,888 55,321 55,371 2,435 2,266 2,648 2,387 4.5 4.1 4.8 4.3

South Bend-Mishawaka

157,268 159,835 155,113 156,872 6,221 6,177 6,491 6,303 4.0 3.9 4.2 4.0

Terre Haute

76,462 78,589 75,824 77,978 3,321 3,826 3,564 3,765 4.3 4.9 4.7 4.8

Iowa

1,698,474 1,713,981 1,679,665 1,681,661 51,144 41,736 52,490 40,416 3.0 2.4 3.1 2.4

Ames

54,620 55,927 55,564 56,675 1,258 1,022 1,309 939 2.3 1.8 2.4 1.7

Cedar Rapids

143,867 145,230 142,483 142,744 4,673 3,859 4,861 3,765 3.2 2.7 3.4 2.6

Des Moines-West Des Moines

352,756 365,036 348,785 358,396 10,130 8,484 10,109 8,044 2.9 2.3 2.9 2.2

Dubuque

54,476 54,519 53,975 53,889 1,541 1,222 1,596 1,192 2.8 2.2 3.0 2.2

Iowa City

97,034 98,023 97,680 97,424 2,602 2,018 2,719 1,933 2.7 2.1 2.8 2.0

Sioux City

91,209 92,359 90,045 90,157 2,940 2,399 2,852 2,162 3.2 2.6 3.2 2.4

Waterloo-Cedar Falls

88,151 88,182 87,123 86,712 2,980 2,329 3,127 2,299 3.4 2.6 3.6 2.7

Kansas

1,501,319 1,500,325 1,477,378 1,476,834 62,362 59,107 59,507 51,492 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.5

Lawrence

63,476 63,426 62,776 65,146 2,436 2,368 2,278 2,054 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.2

Manhattan

45,290 45,171 44,536 47,255 1,704 1,611 1,534 1,399 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.0

Topeka

123,078 121,600 120,566 119,249 4,988 4,841 4,738 4,239 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.6

Wichita

313,546 313,280 307,996 307,164 15,019 13,542 14,293 11,791 4.8 4.3 4.6 3.8

Kentucky

2,071,239 2,091,089 2,047,213 2,056,845 110,880 103,479 98,105 84,339 5.4 4.9 4.8 4.1

Bowling Green

81,333 83,623 81,165 83,733 3,850 3,708 3,587 3,058 4.7 4.4 4.4 3.7

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox

68,216 68,998 66,904 67,639 3,627 3,375 3,050 2,665 5.3 4.9 4.6 3.9

Lexington-Fayette

271,752 277,100 269,021 271,884 11,397 10,775 10,119 9,017 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.3

Louisville/Jefferson County

675,409 679,953 664,469 666,771 31,526 30,469 28,144 25,356 4.7 4.5 4.2 3.8

Owensboro

56,621 57,309 55,851 56,292 2,733 2,526 2,479 2,154 4.8 4.4 4.4 3.8

Louisiana

2,136,012 2,159,051 2,118,448 2,115,837 119,626 126,696 118,483 117,317 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.5

Alexandria

65,605 65,739 64,929 64,231 4,097 4,165 4,050 3,919 6.2 6.3 6.2 6.1

Baton Rouge

421,620 430,122 420,920 423,600 20,975 22,982 20,757 21,244 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.0

Hammond

55,598 56,570 55,545 55,873 3,596 3,704 3,466 3,414 6.5 6.5 6.2 6.1

Houma-Thibodaux

90,515 90,678 89,279 88,357 5,119 5,239 5,071 4,796 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.4

Lafayette

217,457 216,814 214,533 212,661 12,769 12,753 12,558 11,682 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.5

Lake Charles

115,800 117,834 115,055 115,994 4,824 5,303 4,820 4,869 4.2 4.5 4.2 4.2

Monroe

80,684 81,719 79,848 79,909 4,526 4,999 4,529 4,692 5.6 6.1 5.7 5.9

New Orleans-Metairie

601,519 612,618 597,884 599,150 32,062 34,291 32,218 31,968 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.3

Shreveport-Bossier City

190,816 191,678 189,149 187,695 11,370 11,861 11,324 11,134 6.0 6.2 6.0 5.9

Maine

720,418 728,259 718,153 722,902 23,499 23,890 20,058 20,718 3.3 3.3 2.8 2.9

Bangor

70,761 71,177 70,289 70,099 2,560 2,818 2,152 2,177 3.6 4.0 3.1 3.1

Lewiston-Auburn

56,351 56,804 56,065 56,286 1,855 1,928 1,599 1,703 3.3 3.4 2.9 3.0

Portland-South Portland

214,354 218,059 214,051 216,933 5,673 5,913 4,942 5,269 2.6 2.7 2.3 2.4

Maryland

3,274,692 3,284,643 3,238,148 3,237,791 140,435 145,527 136,940 135,660 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.2

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson

1,526,827 1,531,704 1,512,546 1,515,284 68,145 70,042 67,464 66,781 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.4

California-Lexington Park

56,160 56,501 55,392 55,210 2,528 2,702 2,402 2,437 4.5 4.8 4.3 4.4

Cumberland

44,451 44,884 43,966 44,016 2,459 2,743 2,443 2,534 5.5 6.1 5.6 5.8

Hagerstown-Martinsburg

131,935 133,877 130,632 131,899 5,577 6,002 5,803 5,465 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.1

Massachusetts

3,713,111 3,892,173 3,693,503 3,866,987 148,026 153,070 134,706 136,763 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.5

Barnstable Town

140,045 145,360 139,278 143,831 4,941 5,109 4,579 4,552 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua

2,728,112 2,862,743 2,712,518 2,844,259 100,417 104,080 92,115 93,492 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.3

Leominster-Gardner

78,495 81,946 78,212 81,498 3,705 3,773 3,360 3,404 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.2

New Bedford

85,792 89,071 85,137 88,278 4,875 4,980 4,479 4,538 5.7 5.6 5.3 5.1

Pittsfield

45,243 46,649 44,902 45,829 1,859 1,917 1,760 1,720 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8

Springfield

370,282 382,905 367,668 380,991 18,654 18,966 16,770 16,782 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.4

Worcester

353,029 368,734 351,506 366,313 15,259 15,648 13,925 14,023 4.3 4.2 4.0 3.8

Michigan

4,942,077 4,949,857 4,924,856 4,874,942 268,290 239,239 251,002 185,713 5.4 4.8 5.1 3.8

Ann Arbor

192,839 194,553 192,543 191,870 9,593 7,780 8,230 5,828 5.0 4.0 4.3 3.0

Battle Creek

64,578 63,734 64,084 62,946 3,920 3,085 3,540 2,382 6.1 4.8 5.5 3.8

Bay City

51,465 51,193 51,119 50,443 3,322 2,746 3,067 2,030 6.5 5.4 6.0 4.0

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

2,138,047 2,137,275 2,140,596 2,114,654 107,913 107,815 108,502 88,881 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.2

Flint

185,916 184,836 184,871 181,348 12,954 11,511 11,331 7,855 7.0 6.2 6.1 4.3

Grand Rapids-Wyoming

576,648 585,508 573,418 575,339 26,318 21,155 23,383 15,730 4.6 3.6 4.1 2.7

Jackson

74,366 74,103 74,389 73,125 4,291 3,486 3,860 2,600 5.8 4.7 5.2 3.6

Kalamazoo-Portage

167,654 168,963 167,482 166,283 9,097 7,390 8,372 5,539 5.4 4.4 5.0 3.3

Lansing-East Lansing

245,371 247,661 243,869 243,259 13,713 11,037 12,071 7,654 5.6 4.5 4.9 3.1

Midland

41,057 40,752 40,795 40,252 2,200 1,811 2,037 1,378 5.4 4.4 5.0 3.4

Monroe

76,741 77,121 76,139 76,370 4,920 3,800 4,332 3,463 6.4 4.9 5.7 4.5

Muskegon

80,110 79,860 79,371 78,037 5,271 4,322 4,813 3,173 6.6 5.4 6.1 4.1

Niles-Benton Harbor

75,585 75,252 74,994 73,566 4,345 3,617 3,966 2,787 5.7 4.8 5.3 3.8

Saginaw

88,399 88,129 87,828 86,691 5,702 5,072 5,210 3,628 6.5 5.8 5.9 4.2

Minnesota

3,097,084 3,137,539 3,083,928 3,087,727 102,342 85,917 104,234 77,958 3.3 2.7 3.4 2.5

Duluth

144,554 145,090 143,810 143,160 6,282 5,168 6,437 4,672 4.3 3.6 4.5 3.3

Mankato-North Mankato

59,051 61,312 59,474 60,928 1,714 1,407 1,662 1,286 2.9 2.3 2.8 2.1

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington

2,023,440 2,046,192 2,017,087 2,022,959 64,806 53,908 65,761 49,718 3.2 2.6 3.3 2.5

Rochester

124,324 124,476 123,571 121,593 3,439 2,835 3,395 2,626 2.8 2.3 2.7 2.2

St. Cloud

111,912 113,570 111,486 111,757 3,520 2,928 3,544 2,778 3.1 2.6 3.2 2.5

Mississippi

1,293,157 1,304,792 1,269,033 1,281,473 75,197 69,628 63,102 60,565 5.8 5.3 5.0 4.7

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula

168,612 168,878 164,028 164,914 9,668 8,971 8,182 8,045 5.7 5.3 5.0 4.9

Hattiesburg

68,532 69,740 67,520 68,347 3,597 3,322 2,975 2,874 5.2 4.8 4.4 4.2

Jackson

274,541 278,624 269,038 274,011 13,833 12,804 11,571 11,151 5.0 4.6 4.3 4.1

Missouri

3,087,860 3,111,773 3,049,843 3,041,588 128,665 117,084 129,606 105,619 4.2 3.8 4.2 3.5

Cape Girardeau

47,067 48,055 47,466 47,919 1,999 1,780 1,921 1,553 4.2 3.7 4.0 3.2

Columbia

96,947 97,528 95,956 95,750 2,955 2,791 2,905 2,523 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.6

Jefferson City

75,972 75,786 74,641 74,021 2,817 2,392 2,869 2,244 3.7 3.2 3.8 3.0

Joplin

84,831 85,574 83,252 83,069 3,360 3,008 3,262 2,747 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.3

Kansas City

1,157,899 1,170,697 1,139,926 1,142,985 49,923 45,892 50,113 40,577 4.3 3.9 4.4 3.6

St. Joseph

66,414 66,974 64,862 65,295 2,504 2,251 2,440 2,017 3.8 3.4 3.8 3.1

St. Louis(2)

1,482,526 1,500,288 1,464,670 1,466,762 60,193 56,913 60,528 53,147 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.6

Springfield

231,749 234,097 226,934 227,344 7,969 7,285 8,276 6,896 3.4 3.1 3.6 3.0

Montana

535,948 533,560 532,953 530,353 19,530 17,231 19,171 16,769 3.6 3.2 3.6 3.2

Billings

87,845 87,523 88,000 86,935 3,051 2,845 3,005 2,601 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.0

Great Falls

37,406 37,232 37,523 37,315 1,357 1,215 1,340 1,228 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.3

Missoula

61,568 61,435 61,856 61,512 2,072 1,763 2,029 1,696 3.4 2.9 3.3 2.8

Nebraska

1,022,611 1,031,535 1,010,044 1,018,192 32,315 31,639 29,345 27,829 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.7

Grand Island

44,115 44,293 43,384 43,804 1,366 1,358 1,248 1,224 3.1 3.1 2.9 2.8

Lincoln

177,969 181,393 178,727 182,955 5,108 5,131 4,815 4,705 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6

Omaha-Council Bluffs

485,204 493,989 480,003 491,836 15,936 15,147 14,580 13,518 3.3 3.1 3.0 2.7

Nevada

1,470,436 1,511,980 1,467,506 1,511,103 75,576 67,875 72,887 70,162 5.1 4.5 5.0 4.6

Carson City

25,907 26,594 25,761 26,400 1,222 1,140 1,160 1,143 4.7 4.3 4.5 4.3

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise

1,077,241 1,109,201 1,075,167 1,109,659 58,349 52,555 56,448 54,219 5.4 4.7 5.3 4.9

Reno

242,593 249,806 242,845 250,798 10,046 8,884 9,621 9,310 4.1 3.6 4.0 3.7

New Hampshire

759,632 775,787 754,645 771,044 19,741 20,692 19,652 20,311 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.6

Dover-Durham

84,362 87,083 83,928 86,694 2,098 2,191 1,983 2,101 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4

Manchester

117,672 119,503 116,420 118,824 3,072 3,055 3,077 3,023 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5

Portsmouth

78,678 80,429 78,094 79,974 1,813 1,924 1,782 1,830 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3

New Jersey

4,586,978 4,579,780 4,545,577 4,527,351 234,116 217,846 226,022 199,547 5.1 4.8 5.0 4.4

Atlantic City-Hammonton

124,001 127,911 123,098 127,126 9,030 7,536 8,677 6,887 7.3 5.9 7.0 5.4

Ocean City

58,642 57,074 57,049 55,497 3,282 2,946 3,048 2,573 5.6 5.2 5.3 4.6

Trenton

200,975 204,684 199,976 202,690 9,483 9,018 9,147 8,230 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.1

Vineland-Bridgeton

64,915 64,725 65,171 64,754 4,844 4,543 4,862 4,266 7.5 7.0 7.5 6.6

New Mexico

932,069 943,529 927,597 935,881 62,198 47,534 58,085 44,958 6.7 5.0 6.3 4.8

Albuquerque

425,798 434,032 423,798 430,153 26,690 20,834 25,299 20,011 6.3 4.8 6.0 4.7

Farmington

52,684 52,585 51,682 52,178 3,950 2,957 3,730 2,789 7.5 5.6 7.2 5.3

Las Cruces

92,488 91,942 93,567 92,540 6,911 5,361 6,293 4,892 7.5 5.8 6.7 5.3

Santa Fe

73,758 75,808 73,653 74,791 4,127 3,137 3,876 3,036 5.6 4.1 5.3 4.1

New York

9,858,475 9,831,240 9,767,149 9,757,182 485,742 416,407 481,791 401,687 4.9 4.2 4.9 4.1

Albany-Schenectady-Troy

457,495 453,732 453,601 449,424 20,180 17,261 19,689 16,614 4.4 3.8 4.3 3.7

Binghamton

108,747 107,682 107,882 106,916 5,962 5,139 5,677 4,880 5.5 4.8 5.3 4.6

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls

558,889 556,268 555,548 556,296 30,239 25,149 29,811 24,106 5.4 4.5 5.4 4.3

Elmira

36,152 35,506 36,148 35,183 1,997 1,664 1,946 1,599 5.5 4.7 5.4 4.5

Glens Falls

63,911 63,983 63,109 63,444 2,733 2,248 2,707 2,207 4.3 3.5 4.3 3.5

Ithaca

49,361 50,225 48,540 49,891 2,447 2,007 2,249 1,840 5.0 4.0 4.6 3.7

Kingston

90,398 90,784 89,236 90,018 4,220 3,603 4,197 3,547 4.7 4.0 4.7 3.9

New York-Newark-Jersey City

10,273,872 10,242,390 10,174,407 10,147,597 503,462 446,494 496,741 423,914 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.2

Rochester

528,033 528,529 523,109 524,211 26,674 22,487 26,242 21,851 5.1 4.3 5.0 4.2

Syracuse

311,083 310,650 308,152 308,003 15,845 13,370 15,420 12,540 5.1 4.3 5.0 4.1

Utica-Rome

133,356 132,063 131,875 131,390 6,644 5,771 6,569 5,428 5.0 4.4 5.0 4.1

Watertown-Fort Drum

47,338 46,686 46,875 46,301 2,663 2,222 2,633 2,128 5.6 4.8 5.6 4.6

North Carolina

4,988,088 5,052,642 4,938,611 4,960,170 237,962 206,181 238,077 194,685 4.8 4.1 4.8 3.9

Asheville

231,187 235,009 228,378 229,116 8,948 7,676 8,990 7,317 3.9 3.3 3.9 3.2

Burlington

80,300 80,809 79,405 79,528 3,749 3,247 3,739 3,021 4.7 4.0 4.7 3.8

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia

1,324,276 1,348,400 1,316,137 1,331,444 59,277 51,161 60,157 48,654 4.5 3.8 4.6 3.7

Durham-Chapel Hill

299,771 305,021 295,875 300,110 12,887 11,093 12,917 10,479 4.3 3.6 4.4 3.5

Fayetteville

146,245 148,089 145,942 145,390 8,956 8,103 8,928 7,650 6.1 5.5 6.1 5.3

Goldsboro

53,675 53,308 52,720 52,050 2,912 2,379 2,846 2,316 5.4 4.5 5.4 4.4

Greensboro-High Point

369,528 372,689 367,298 367,066 19,017 16,262 18,951 15,302 5.1 4.4 5.2 4.2

Greenville

89,322 90,537 88,722 88,949 4,878 4,273 4,828 3,934 5.5 4.7 5.4 4.4

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton

174,063 175,795 172,434 173,529 7,832 6,554 7,777 6,263 4.5 3.7 4.5 3.6

Jacksonville

62,777 62,800 64,344 63,962 3,479 2,874 3,432 2,727 5.5 4.6 5.3 4.3

New Bern

52,515 52,908 51,737 51,882 2,584 2,246 2,591 2,183 4.9 4.2 5.0 4.2

Raleigh

709,445 729,106 701,431 714,144 29,856 25,755 30,050 24,504 4.2 3.5 4.3 3.4

Rocky Mount

65,639 64,580 64,297 62,920 4,578 3,974 4,545 3,652 7.0 6.2 7.1 5.8

Wilmington

148,401 149,699 147,496 146,887 6,607 5,754 6,613 5,418 4.5 3.8 4.5 3.7

Winston-Salem

326,041 329,096 322,693 322,313 15,043 13,007 14,994 12,403 4.6 4.0 4.6 3.8

North Dakota

423,222 411,863 421,299 407,132 9,731 9,902 9,870 9,211 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3

Bismarck

71,322 69,794 70,328 68,430 1,592 1,669 1,649 1,601 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3

Fargo

139,637 138,252 139,105 137,081 2,930 3,021 2,952 2,845 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.1

Grand Forks

55,579 55,210 55,353 54,026 1,625 1,576 1,611 1,371 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.5

Ohio

5,864,866 5,846,896 5,830,467 5,752,284 310,257 284,136 297,563 256,935 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.5

Akron

364,963 365,963 361,546 359,859 18,671 17,154 18,478 15,743 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.4

Canton-Massillon

202,375 202,306 201,475 197,928 10,594 9,889 10,467 9,010 5.2 4.9 5.2 4.6

Cincinnati

1,129,396 1,137,541 1,120,907 1,114,538 51,717 48,685 50,363 43,521 4.6 4.3 4.5 3.9

Cleveland-Elyria

1,056,494 1,059,929 1,038,865 1,041,520 63,768 58,285 61,189 54,348 6.0 5.5 5.9 5.2

Columbus

1,095,674 1,095,029 1,091,197 1,075,780 46,577 44,436 46,093 40,839 4.3 4.1 4.2 3.8

Dayton

395,611 390,145 392,421 387,104 19,377 18,449 19,103 16,414 4.9 4.7 4.9 4.2

Lima

49,751 48,684 49,183 47,654 2,846 2,639 2,475 2,039 5.7 5.4 5.0 4.3

Mansfield

54,010 54,022 53,450 52,905 3,200 2,812 2,866 2,351 5.9 5.2 5.4 4.4

Springfield

63,995 63,969 64,284 63,275 3,568 3,361 3,148 2,799 5.6 5.3 4.9 4.4

Toledo

306,820 304,074 304,613 297,814 19,091 16,021 18,368 14,644 6.2 5.3 6.0 4.9

Weirton-Steubenville(1)

51,678 51,217 51,177 50,218 3,440 3,310 3,342 2,919 6.7 6.5 6.5 5.8

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman

249,677 242,800 245,903 238,290 19,247 14,785 15,861 13,511 7.7 6.1 6.5 5.7

Oklahoma

1,839,879 1,873,194 1,830,593 1,855,540 79,646 68,218 78,942 64,315 4.3 3.6 4.3 3.5

Enid

28,159 28,448 27,718 27,897 1,084 919 1,077 877 3.8 3.2 3.9 3.1

Lawton

52,265 52,856 51,796 52,166 2,302 2,259 2,376 2,169 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.2

Oklahoma City

677,371 696,345 670,542 685,799 26,572 23,160 26,222 22,034 3.9 3.3 3.9 3.2

Tulsa

483,155 494,123 476,200 486,911 21,560 17,917 21,492 17,012 4.5 3.6 4.5 3.5

Oregon

2,134,577 2,137,211 2,134,652 2,122,899 95,339 85,552 95,441 83,851 4.5 4.0 4.5 3.9

Albany

57,859 58,438 58,283 58,292 3,026 2,734 3,038 2,650 5.2 4.7 5.2 4.5

Bend-Redmond

95,357 97,075 96,343 96,760 3,982 3,584 3,994 3,462 4.2 3.7 4.1 3.6

Corvallis

46,625 46,114 46,735 45,924 1,918 1,636 1,830 1,599 4.1 3.5 3.9 3.5

Eugene

181,087 182,694 181,109 181,778 9,070 8,087 9,010 7,964 5.0 4.4 5.0 4.4

Grants Pass

35,500 35,803 35,952 35,843 2,037 1,933 2,070 1,911 5.7 5.4 5.8 5.3

Medford

103,973 105,075 105,321 105,286 5,478 5,010 5,528 4,923 5.3 4.8 5.2 4.7

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro

1,320,321 1,324,795 1,321,872 1,318,243 55,681 50,296 56,185 49,651 4.2 3.8 4.3 3.8

Salem

206,616 204,272 206,908 204,069 9,808 8,757 9,788 8,602 4.7 4.3 4.7 4.2

Pennsylvania

6,514,475 6,506,856 6,449,859 6,435,111 344,024 293,400 341,711 286,076 5.3 4.5 5.3 4.4

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton

439,205 442,538 435,103 436,487 23,309 20,904 23,436 20,523 5.3 4.7 5.4 4.7

Altoona

61,649 61,132 61,119 60,899 3,222 2,785 3,139 2,625 5.2 4.6 5.1 4.3

Bloomsburg-Berwick

43,121 42,645 42,698 42,323 2,277 2,051 2,203 1,881 5.3 4.8 5.2 4.4

Chambersburg-Waynesboro

77,893 78,132 77,090 77,999 3,746 3,147 3,672 2,851 4.8 4.0 4.8 3.7

East Stroudsburg

83,756 83,407 82,876 82,423 5,035 4,547 5,119 4,491 6.0 5.5 6.2 5.4

Erie

131,596 130,799 130,067 129,053 7,996 6,290 7,754 5,771 6.1 4.8 6.0 4.5

Gettysburg

56,396 56,955 55,727 56,331 2,317 1,986 2,274 1,866 4.1 3.5 4.1 3.3

Harrisburg-Carlisle

303,471 303,872 300,520 300,228 13,892 11,711 13,779 11,385 4.6 3.9 4.6 3.8

Johnstown

59,943 59,963 59,296 59,581 4,034 3,452 4,003 3,252 6.7 5.8 6.8 5.5

Lancaster

287,544 287,964 284,252 284,385 12,292 10,875 12,178 10,005 4.3 3.8 4.3 3.5

Lebanon

72,123 71,741 71,344 71,002 3,247 2,886 3,283 2,856 4.5 4.0 4.6 4.0

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

3,119,420 3,139,765 3,093,827 3,102,847 163,876 145,021 162,377 141,300 5.3 4.6 5.2 4.6

Pittsburgh

1,223,747 1,216,852 1,210,564 1,197,801 65,285 53,662 64,872 52,473 5.3 4.4 5.4 4.4

Reading

214,975 215,757 212,771 213,429 10,555 9,375 10,623 9,238 4.9 4.3 5.0 4.3

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

280,327 283,996 278,044 281,107 16,623 14,800 16,650 14,772 5.9 5.2 6.0 5.3

State College

77,764 76,823 77,858 77,314 3,293 2,862 3,055 2,543 4.2 3.7 3.9 3.3

Williamsport

58,018 56,202 57,647 55,982 3,301 2,679 3,206 2,643 5.7 4.8 5.6 4.7

York-Hanover

237,633 237,312 235,676 236,633 11,927 10,002 11,617 9,572 5.0 4.2 4.9 4.0

Rhode Island

561,995 571,665 560,123 565,648 26,292 23,447 25,123 21,650 4.7 4.1 4.5 3.8

Providence-Warwick

690,690 707,170 688,504 700,385 32,242 29,811 30,537 27,415 4.7 4.2 4.4 3.9

South Carolina

2,342,714 2,336,359 2,330,276 2,312,891 104,779 82,240 111,007 83,578 4.5 3.5 4.8 3.6

Charleston-North Charleston

384,089 383,282 380,677 378,849 14,453 11,515 15,325 11,602 3.8 3.0 4.0 3.1

Columbia

407,429 403,743 402,625 399,477 17,017 13,721 19,334 13,938 4.2 3.4 4.8 3.5

Florence

95,593 95,360 95,528 94,049 4,801 3,838 5,121 3,917 5.0 4.0 5.4 4.2

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin

426,275 423,566 425,345 420,637 18,024 13,818 18,048 13,819 4.2 3.3 4.2 3.3

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort

89,694 90,262 88,699 88,353 3,611 2,952 3,833 2,938 4.0 3.3 4.3 3.3

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach

206,130 209,678 202,022 203,827 9,639 8,352 10,068 8,283 4.7 4.0 5.0 4.1

Spartanburg

159,225 158,350 158,915 156,855 7,978 5,466 7,370 5,480 5.0 3.5 4.6 3.5

Sumter

44,411 44,139 44,477 43,722 2,439 1,884 2,678 1,860 5.5 4.3 6.0 4.3

South Dakota

463,056 466,365 459,844 461,548 14,479 12,357 15,202 12,855 3.1 2.6 3.3 2.8

Rapid City

76,437 77,800 77,253 77,905 2,331 1,961 2,499 2,155 3.0 2.5 3.2 2.8

Sioux Falls

150,885 152,938 150,122 152,412 3,803 3,208 4,128 3,540 2.5 2.1 2.7 2.3

Tennessee

3,230,978 3,296,841 3,201,982 3,240,320 125,904 132,827 118,047 123,911 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8

Chattanooga

269,973 279,671 266,230 274,234 11,309 11,021 10,596 10,190 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.7

Clarksville

112,180 114,314 111,891 112,732 5,677 5,832 5,242 5,203 5.1 5.1 4.7 4.6

Cleveland

57,594 58,681 57,391 58,071 2,360 2,484 2,189 2,333 4.1 4.2 3.8 4.0

Jackson

64,940 66,325 64,036 64,975 2,610 2,825 2,503 2,684 4.0 4.3 3.9 4.1

Johnson City

90,255 91,037 89,647 89,586 3,915 4,026 3,754 3,779 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.2

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol

138,422 140,927 137,492 138,668 6,012 5,689 5,600 5,307 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.8

Knoxville

423,615 427,746 418,195 419,803 15,898 16,264 14,720 15,177 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.6

Memphis

638,246 654,975 627,921 641,249 29,023 30,518 26,558 28,138 4.5 4.7 4.2 4.4

Morristown

51,284 52,548 50,852 51,670 2,154 2,216 2,058 2,098 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.1

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin

1,026,575 1,048,735 1,014,341 1,027,023 31,462 33,176 29,748 31,609 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.1

Texas

13,571,881 13,840,761 13,522,840 13,751,850 604,241 556,604 601,021 539,409 4.5 4.0 4.4 3.9

Abilene

75,104 76,491 75,175 75,984 3,024 2,672 2,987 2,630 4.0 3.5 4.0 3.5

Amarillo

130,272 133,178 129,744 132,174 4,264 3,899 4,047 3,747 3.3 2.9 3.1 2.8

Austin-Round Rock

1,158,322 1,186,106 1,151,425 1,179,196 38,072 36,603 37,898 35,789 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.0

Beaumont-Port Arthur

174,177 172,289 172,271 171,174 12,020 10,892 12,150 10,737 6.9 6.3 7.1 6.3

Brownsville-Harlingen

167,165 167,833 166,593 165,672 12,093 10,968 12,057 10,207 7.2 6.5 7.2 6.2

College Station-Bryan

124,969 129,289 123,463 127,175 4,567 4,285 4,474 4,167 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.3

Corpus Christi

208,422 206,473 206,972 205,195 11,778 10,695 11,994 10,255 5.7 5.2 5.8 5.0

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

3,815,317 3,919,174 3,805,982 3,894,841 147,106 142,437 146,513 138,606 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.6

El Paso

352,202 358,218 351,998 356,339 17,020 15,842 16,953 15,583 4.8 4.4 4.8 4.4

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land

3,338,158 3,418,897 3,321,027 3,393,699 168,655 150,368 170,033 146,566 5.1 4.4 5.1 4.3

Killeen-Temple

175,467 178,150 175,049 177,866 7,647 7,452 7,523 7,363 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.1

Laredo

115,013 115,212 114,649 114,393 4,979 4,607 4,896 4,318 4.3 4.0 4.3 3.8

Longview

97,531 96,730 97,090 95,910 5,068 4,139 4,954 4,045 5.2 4.3 5.1 4.2

Lubbock

161,384 165,067 161,452 164,578 5,934 5,678 5,756 5,202 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.2

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission

336,020 340,690 337,787 339,305 26,309 23,720 26,375 22,527 7.8 7.0 7.8 6.6

Midland

93,349 100,716 93,340 100,244 2,844 2,265 2,762 2,251 3.0 2.2 3.0 2.2

Odessa

78,897 80,626 78,693 80,026 3,182 2,356 3,102 2,324 4.0 2.9 3.9 2.9

San Angelo

54,801 55,135 54,649 55,076 2,124 1,858 2,023 1,811 3.9 3.4 3.7 3.3

San Antonio-New Braunfels

1,173,863 1,183,052 1,167,801 1,174,095 43,948 41,397 42,998 40,524 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.5

Sherman-Denison

62,524 63,988 62,196 63,489 2,265 2,114 2,251 2,061 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.2

Texarkana

64,683 65,270 64,097 64,296 3,172 3,487 3,077 3,206 4.9 5.3 4.8 5.0

Tyler

106,068 109,223 105,567 108,667 4,367 4,005 4,286 3,974 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7

Victoria

46,176 45,131 45,868 44,769 2,262 1,829 2,232 1,788 4.9 4.1 4.9 4.0

Waco

125,386 126,483 125,146 125,543 5,603 4,946 5,363 4,589 4.5 3.9 4.3 3.7

Wichita Falls

65,083 65,509 64,507 64,811 2,513 2,447 2,431 2,230 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.4

Utah

1,570,778 1,601,286 1,569,268 1,586,516 52,995 51,881 53,051 55,299 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.5

Logan

67,670 68,497 67,579 67,894 2,008 2,022 1,977 2,055 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.0

Ogden-Clearfield

330,799 334,502 329,191 330,305 11,312 10,959 11,324 11,827 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.6

Provo-Orem

296,222 305,124 297,996 304,566 9,441 9,408 9,328 9,802 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.2

St. George

71,083 73,866 71,823 73,730 2,556 2,554 2,611 2,939 3.6 3.5 3.6 4.0

Salt Lake City

660,288 673,583 658,367 666,055 21,414 21,116 21,695 22,660 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.4

Vermont

350,175 352,270 348,728 348,360 10,730 10,275 10,244 9,760 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.8

Burlington-South Burlington

127,012 127,593 126,039 125,655 3,361 3,258 3,224 3,114 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5

Virginia

4,367,600 4,417,724 4,318,478 4,340,469 169,970 129,930 170,341 133,149 3.9 2.9 3.9 3.1

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford

89,070 89,080 90,196 90,291 3,958 2,908 4,022 2,943 4.4 3.3 4.5 3.3

Charlottesville

118,253 122,573 116,682 120,206 4,323 3,347 4,246 3,461 3.7 2.7 3.6 2.9

Harrisonburg

65,108 65,904 63,620 63,890 2,667 1,988 2,599 2,001 4.1 3.0 4.1 3.1

Lynchburg

123,803 125,348 123,052 124,301 5,804 4,437 5,804 4,386 4.7 3.5 4.7 3.5

Richmond

686,030 697,370 679,463 682,976 27,553 21,744 28,062 22,181 4.0 3.1 4.1 3.2

Roanoke

158,036 159,213 157,051 156,971 6,448 4,678 6,652 4,827 4.1 2.9 4.2 3.1

Staunton-Waynesboro

59,409 60,685 58,525 59,294 2,229 1,666 2,176 1,690 3.8 2.7 3.7 2.9

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News

867,282 874,550 858,943 860,384 37,344 28,409 37,672 29,082 4.3 3.2 4.4 3.4

Winchester

72,061 74,115 71,234 72,918 2,531 2,045 2,495 2,121 3.5 2.8 3.5 2.9

Washington

3,756,579 3,798,238 3,738,990 3,771,608 174,245 159,775 178,199 155,329 4.6 4.2 4.8 4.1

Bellingham

110,677 111,881 109,957 110,696 5,521 4,867 5,436 4,885 5.0 4.4 4.9 4.4

Bremerton-Silverdale

121,030 120,533 120,464 120,017 5,828 5,144 5,829 5,181 4.8 4.3 4.8 4.3

Kennewick-Richland

145,171 143,236 140,388 140,166 6,958 6,603 7,091 6,513 4.8 4.6 5.1 4.6

Longview

45,681 45,624 45,749 45,999 2,648 2,500 2,686 2,497 5.8 5.5 5.9 5.4

Mount Vernon-Anacortes

60,135 60,144 60,036 59,761 3,109 2,858 3,114 2,824 5.2 4.8 5.2 4.7

Olympia-Tumwater

133,048 134,557 133,301 134,236 6,579 5,945 6,575 5,950 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.4

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,068,263 2,114,287 2,073,452 2,106,200 89,038 81,044 90,816 75,754 4.3 3.8 4.4 3.6

Spokane-Spokane Valley

260,495 256,745 260,370 257,234 13,713 12,640 13,753 12,802 5.3 4.9 5.3 5.0

Walla Walla

31,696 31,727 31,464 31,041 1,439 1,340 1,416 1,291 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.2

Wenatchee

77,992 76,830 70,442 70,152 2,734 2,482 3,017 2,781 3.5 3.2 4.3 4.0

Yakima

135,651 137,615 131,298 133,205 6,689 6,627 8,365 7,296 4.9 4.8 6.4 5.5

West Virginia

785,049 788,629 781,215 777,064 39,644 42,725 41,517 37,915 5.0 5.4 5.3 4.9

Beckley

46,344 46,004 46,135 45,326 2,481 2,634 2,622 2,320 5.4 5.7 5.7 5.1

Charleston

96,434 95,912 95,827 94,393 4,867 5,141 5,193 4,643 5.0 5.4 5.4 4.9

Huntington-Ashland

148,023 147,047 147,600 145,181 8,469 8,605 8,474 7,477 5.7 5.9 5.7 5.2

Morgantown

66,483 68,089 65,948 67,446 2,688 3,178 2,878 2,854 4.0 4.7 4.4 4.2

Parkersburg-Vienna

38,879 38,786 38,626 38,145 2,139 2,183 2,203 1,941 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.1

Wheeling

65,600 64,979 64,973 63,714 3,514 3,545 3,598 3,157 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.0

Wisconsin

3,201,145 3,216,751 3,176,657 3,175,053 108,410 101,864 106,386 98,012 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.1

Appleton

135,029 136,058 133,898 134,707 4,130 3,958 3,927 3,786 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.8

Eau Claire

94,044 94,972 92,954 93,520 2,961 2,711 2,873 2,507 3.1 2.9 3.1 2.7

Fond du Lac

58,395 59,237 57,640 58,182 1,801 1,762 1,749 1,662 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9

Green Bay

178,287 179,639 177,395 177,295 5,546 5,311 5,195 5,087 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9

Janesville-Beloit

87,900 87,640 86,743 86,356 3,154 2,933 3,174 2,874 3.6 3.3 3.7 3.3

La Crosse-Onalaska

78,215 79,554 77,544 78,690 2,462 2,195 2,239 2,008 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.6

Madison

394,779 397,522 391,151 392,067 10,140 9,582 9,508 9,046 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis

846,244 846,045 844,752 841,100 32,767 30,819 32,988 30,166 3.9 3.6 3.9 3.6

Oshkosh-Neenah

96,040 95,300 94,774 94,356 3,101 2,860 3,004 2,812 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.0

Racine

102,391 101,724 102,007 100,801 4,394 4,114 4,719 4,012 4.3 4.0 4.6 4.0

Sheboygan

64,941 65,933 64,439 64,826 1,874 1,716 1,757 1,641 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.5

Wausau

75,147 76,880 74,547 76,132 2,333 2,149 2,320 2,072 3.1 2.8 3.1 2.7

Wyoming

297,426 288,839 295,499 286,613 11,094 10,937 10,574 10,455 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.6

Casper

39,364 38,502 39,289 38,225 1,874 1,681 1,785 1,630 4.8 4.4 4.5 4.3

Cheyenne

48,512 47,286 47,739 46,927 1,647 1,732 1,616 1,741 3.4 3.7 3.4 3.7

Puerto Rico

1,091,104 1,105,128 1,092,130 1,087,497 113,848 105,410 127,946 99,385 10.4 9.5 11.7 9.1

Aguadilla-Isabela

88,781 88,838 89,269 86,488 12,134 10,989 13,359 10,146 13.7 12.4 15.0 11.7

Arecibo

52,043 52,312 52,366 51,286 5,952 5,762 6,719 5,511 11.4 11.0 12.8 10.7

Guayama

21,462 20,728 21,684 20,415 3,753 2,902 4,210 2,746 17.5 14.0 19.4 13.5

Mayaguez

27,685 27,261 27,590 26,823 3,590 3,198 4,026 3,027 13.0 11.7 14.6 11.3

Ponce

93,304 93,226 93,785 91,277 12,401 11,190 14,313 10,819 13.3 12.0 15.3 11.9

San German

35,515 34,855 35,665 33,863 5,486 4,740 6,080 4,306 15.4 13.6 17.0 12.7

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas

727,605 746,277 726,376 736,815 63,808 60,878 71,306 57,125 8.8 8.2 9.8 7.8

Footnotes
(1) For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains the first principal city.
(2) The area boundary does not reflect the Office of Management and Budget delineation.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division(1)
State, area, and division Civilian labor force Unemployed
July August Number Percent of labor force
2017 2018 2017 2018(p) July August July August
2017 2018 2017 2018(p) 2017 2018 2017 2018(p)

California

19,413,562 19,469,829 19,376,487 19,368,137 995,611 857,023 959,037 825,595 5.1 4.4 4.9 4.3

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,777,366 6,792,028 6,757,630 6,742,613 337,516 314,534 324,482 309,817 5.0 4.6 4.8 4.6

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine

1,624,380 1,612,216 1,619,737 1,604,162 64,088 51,372 61,979 49,526 3.9 3.2 3.8 3.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale

5,152,986 5,179,812 5,137,893 5,138,451 273,428 263,162 262,503 260,291 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.1

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,592,172 2,594,533 2,583,154 2,581,445 95,323 74,070 92,821 71,540 3.7 2.9 3.6 2.8

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley

1,420,577 1,420,529 1,415,528 1,413,575 58,510 45,761 56,855 44,091 4.1 3.2 4.0 3.1

San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco

1,028,969 1,031,274 1,025,796 1,025,324 32,240 24,723 31,529 23,966 3.1 2.4 3.1 2.3

San Rafael

142,626 142,730 141,830 142,546 4,573 3,586 4,437 3,483 3.2 2.5 3.1 2.4

District of Columbia

407,291 414,707 400,601 401,407 26,933 24,791 25,560 24,622 6.6 6.0 6.4 6.1

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

3,438,343 3,471,575 3,392,976 3,405,508 134,363 122,021 130,626 118,423 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.5

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville(3)

697,516 706,318 691,402 697,320 24,927 25,592 23,053 22,335 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.2

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

2,740,827 2,765,257 2,701,574 2,708,188 109,436 96,429 107,573 96,088 4.0 3.5 4.0 3.5

Florida

10,164,624 10,319,333 10,105,593 10,191,327 444,483 409,001 439,388 383,417 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.8

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

3,161,908 3,172,468 3,129,204 3,116,923 142,866 128,584 142,970 120,774 4.5 4.1 4.6 3.9

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach

1,033,963 1,045,249 1,028,811 1,033,196 42,019 38,976 41,156 36,522 4.1 3.7 4.0 3.5

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall

1,402,620 1,396,346 1,377,698 1,361,811 68,949 60,045 69,890 55,867 4.9 4.3 5.1 4.1

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

725,325 730,873 722,695 721,916 31,898 29,563 31,924 28,385 4.4 4.0 4.4 3.9

Illinois

6,567,081 6,561,454 6,504,014 6,460,016 335,872 280,091 344,193 269,055 5.1 4.3 5.3 4.2

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin(2)

4,985,235 4,957,787 4,933,346 4,883,652 255,098 204,010 265,755 193,803 5.1 4.1 5.4 4.0

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights

3,844,615 3,795,206 3,806,199 3,742,782 204,102 154,295 213,637 143,531 5.3 4.1 5.6 3.8

Elgin

325,366 333,598 322,064 326,345 14,817 14,716 14,960 14,506 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.4

Gary(3)

342,927 349,907 338,578 345,592 16,358 15,966 17,425 16,530 4.8 4.6 5.1 4.8

Lake County-Kenosha County(2)

472,327 479,076 466,505 468,933 19,821 19,033 19,733 19,236 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.1

Massachusetts

3,713,111 3,892,173 3,693,503 3,866,987 148,026 153,070 134,706 136,763 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.5

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua(2)

2,728,112 2,862,743 2,712,518 2,844,259 100,417 104,080 92,115 93,492 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.3

Boston-Cambridge-Newton

1,622,697 1,709,579 1,613,571 1,699,022 57,598 59,506 52,277 52,759 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.1

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton

107,711 112,557 107,022 112,284 5,173 5,264 4,657 4,748 4.8 4.7 4.4 4.2

Framingham

159,099 165,107 158,150 163,932 5,484 5,563 5,012 5,012 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.1

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town(2)

116,630 122,122 115,884 120,708 3,965 4,252 3,773 3,895 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.2

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem(2)

98,205 102,516 97,640 101,666 4,910 5,188 4,690 4,802 5.0 5.1 4.8 4.7

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford(2)

192,157 202,442 191,024 200,809 7,694 8,004 7,007 7,105 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.5

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead

85,084 89,660 84,826 89,020 3,313 3,437 3,047 3,130 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.5

Nashua(2)

170,245 174,830 168,968 173,835 5,141 5,426 5,123 5,309 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1

Peabody-Salem-Beverly

92,001 95,630 91,418 94,871 3,392 3,589 3,099 3,217 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.4

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton

84,283 88,300 84,015 88,112 3,747 3,851 3,430 3,515 4.4 4.4 4.1 4.0

Michigan

4,942,077 4,949,857 4,924,856 4,874,942 268,290 239,239 251,002 185,713 5.4 4.8 5.1 3.8

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

2,138,047 2,137,275 2,140,596 2,114,654 107,913 107,815 108,502 88,881 5.0 5.0 5.1 4.2

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia

797,808 802,453 801,707 793,175 50,652 51,069 50,286 42,250 6.3 6.4 6.3 5.3

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills

1,340,239 1,334,820 1,338,888 1,321,479 57,262 56,745 58,216 46,631 4.3 4.3 4.3 3.5

New York

9,858,475 9,831,240 9,767,149 9,757,182 485,742 416,407 481,791 401,687 4.9 4.2 4.9 4.1

New York-Newark-Jersey City(2)

10,273,872 10,242,390 10,174,407 10,147,597 503,462 446,494 496,741 423,914 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.2

Dutchess County-Putnam County

200,654 199,635 197,740 197,612 8,868 7,543 8,670 7,262 4.4 3.8 4.4 3.7

Nassau County-Suffolk County

1,533,274 1,527,558 1,512,090 1,514,574 69,832 59,140 69,156 57,977 4.6 3.9 4.6 3.8

Newark(3)

1,264,257 1,252,007 1,249,661 1,237,883 64,680 61,001 62,465 55,818 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.5

New York-Jersey City-White Plains(2)

7,275,687 7,263,190 7,214,916 7,197,528 360,082 318,810 356,450 302,857 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.2

Pennsylvania

6,514,475 6,506,856 6,449,859 6,435,111 344,024 293,400 341,711 286,076 5.3 4.5 5.3 4.4

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington(2)

3,119,420 3,139,765 3,093,827 3,102,847 163,876 145,021 162,377 141,300 5.3 4.6 5.2 4.6

Camden(3)

644,521 650,113 641,015 642,097 33,992 31,968 32,957 29,700 5.3 4.9 5.1 4.6

Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County

1,091,275 1,090,606 1,079,544 1,078,467 47,091 40,307 46,687 39,419 4.3 3.7 4.3 3.7

Philadelphia

1,004,041 1,010,931 996,032 998,485 63,474 55,268 63,736 54,876 6.3 5.5 6.4 5.5

Wilmington(3)

379,583 388,115 377,236 383,798 19,319 17,478 18,997 17,305 5.1 4.5 5.0 4.5

Texas

13,571,881 13,840,761 13,522,840 13,751,850 604,241 556,604 601,021 539,409 4.5 4.0 4.4 3.9

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

3,815,317 3,919,174 3,805,982 3,894,841 147,106 142,437 146,513 138,606 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.6

Dallas-Plano-Irving

2,575,074 2,651,282 2,568,487 2,636,999 98,387 96,109 98,229 93,609 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.5

Fort Worth-Arlington

1,240,243 1,267,892 1,237,495 1,257,842 48,719 46,328 48,284 44,997 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.6

Washington

3,756,579 3,798,238 3,738,990 3,771,608 174,245 159,775 178,199 155,329 4.6 4.2 4.8 4.1

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,068,263 2,114,287 2,073,452 2,106,200 89,038 81,044 90,816 75,754 4.3 3.8 4.4 3.6

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

1,654,880 1,694,069 1,658,270 1,687,111 67,175 61,074 68,610 55,366 4.1 3.6 4.1 3.3

Tacoma-Lakewood

413,383 420,218 415,182 419,089 21,863 19,970 22,206 20,388 5.3 4.8 5.3 4.9

Footnotes
(1) These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.
(2) Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.
(3) All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area, not seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]
State and area July August Change from
August 2017 to August 2018(p)
2017 2018 2017 2018(p) Number Percent

Alabama

2,007.6 2,030.4 2,016.7 2,040.0 23.3 1.2

Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville

46.7 47.3 47.2 47.6 0.4 0.8

Auburn-Opelika

63.9 63.0 64.2 64.5 0.3 0.5

Birmingham-Hoover

529.9 538.6 530.7 538.3 7.6 1.4

Daphne-Fairhope-Foley

78.4 81.1 77.4 79.8 2.4 3.1

Decatur

54.2 54.9 54.3 55.2 0.9 1.7

Dothan

58.2 58.4 58.3 58.4 0.1 0.2

Florence-Muscle Shoals

56.0 56.3 56.5 56.2 -0.3 -0.5

Gadsden

37.6 38.2 37.6 37.9 0.3 0.8

Huntsville

231.0 238.4 232.2 241.6 9.4 4.0

Mobile

183.0 184.3 183.8 185.1 1.3 0.7

Montgomery

176.4 178.7 177.4 178.6 1.2 0.7

Tuscaloosa

106.0 105.0 107.8 108.9 1.1 1.0


Alaska

353.4 352.1 350.8 348.6 -2.2 -0.6

Anchorage

180.6 180.8 180.4 179.1 -1.3 -0.7

Fairbanks

38.4 38.5 39.2 39.4 0.2 0.5


Arizona

2,702.6 2,775.6 2,757.1 2,839.9 82.8 3.0

Flagstaff

66.9 68.1 67.5 68.3 0.8 1.2

Lake Havasu City-Kingman

49.3 50.9 50.1 51.9 1.8 3.6

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale

1,985.6 2,048.7 2,025.6 2,099.1 73.5 3.6

Prescott

62.9 64.8 63.9 65.0 1.1 1.7

Sierra Vista-Douglas

32.0 32.3 32.9 32.9 0.0 0.0

Tucson

364.9 372.6 370.1 379.6 9.5 2.6

Yuma

51.4 52.2 53.1 54.0 0.9 1.7


Arkansas

1,223.2 1,237.9 1,230.9 1,238.9 8.0 0.6

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers

248.7 254.8 251.2 257.3 6.1 2.4

Fort Smith

110.2 110.4 111.7 111.8 0.1 0.1

Hot Springs

38.1 38.1 38.0 37.9 -0.1 -0.3

Jonesboro

56.6 57.9 57.3 58.5 1.2 2.1

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway

355.7 362.5 357.9 361.9 4.0 1.1

Pine Bluff

32.0 32.1 32.4 32.3 -0.1 -0.3


California

16,721.3 17,038.6 16,794.0 17,127.0 333.0 2.0

Bakersfield

253.0 258.5 256.0 262.1 6.1 2.4

Chico

80.5 83.0 80.9 83.8 2.9 3.6

El Centro

50.7 51.8 51.9 53.1 1.2 2.3

Fresno

341.4 354.4 344.0 353.1 9.1 2.6

Hanford-Corcoran

40.0 39.9 40.5 40.6 0.1 0.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,008.6 6,071.9 6,027.9 6,100.9 73.0 1.2

Madera

37.4 38.5 37.8 39.0 1.2 3.2

Merced

64.2 67.4 67.0 69.7 2.7 4.0

Modesto

174.7 178.3 178.5 180.6 2.1 1.2

Napa

72.8 73.1 73.3 73.4 0.1 0.1

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

301.8 304.7 303.0 308.1 5.1 1.7

Redding

65.6 67.0 66.5 68.4 1.9 2.9

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

1,432.5 1,481.3 1,443.6 1,494.7 51.1 3.5

Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade

971.1 984.0 973.3 988.3 15.0 1.5

Salinas

138.6 142.9 139.9 143.6 3.7 2.6

San Diego-Carlsbad

1,450.5 1,472.0 1,453.1 1,477.2 24.1 1.7

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,395.5 2,434.6 2,397.7 2,443.3 45.6 1.9

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara

1,100.4 1,134.2 1,103.4 1,137.3 33.9 3.1

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles-Arroyo Grande

115.7 117.2 113.2 115.2 2.0 1.8

Santa Cruz-Watsonville

102.8 104.7 102.0 103.9 1.9 1.9

Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

181.0 182.2 181.4 182.7 1.3 0.7

Santa Rosa

204.7 209.4 207.2 211.9 4.7 2.3

Stockton-Lodi

232.9 240.8 237.0 244.6 7.6 3.2

Vallejo-Fairfield

137.6 138.0 138.9 139.0 0.1 0.1

Visalia-Porterville

123.3 126.2 125.7 129.0 3.3 2.6

Yuba City

43.0 43.1 44.2 44.0 -0.2 -0.5


Colorado

2,669.8 2,752.7 2,676.8 2,749.9 73.1 2.7

Boulder

186.7 190.2 188.1 192.1 4.0 2.1

Colorado Springs

287.5 301.1 288.3 300.1 11.8 4.1

Denver-Aurora-Lakewood

1,470.4 1,517.9 1,473.1 1,514.1 41.0 2.8

Fort Collins

166.4 171.9 167.0 172.2 5.2 3.1

Grand Junction

62.7 64.2 63.3 64.7 1.4 2.2

Greeley

102.5 107.8 104.7 109.8 5.1 4.9

Pueblo

61.7 62.4 61.5 62.2 0.7 1.1


Connecticut

1,676.9 1,703.0 1,672.5 1,695.0 22.5 1.3

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk

412.0 415.7 407.5 410.3 2.8 0.7

Danbury

78.2 79.2 77.5 78.6 1.1 1.4

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford

566.3 578.0 563.4 574.3 10.9 1.9

New Haven

281.1 285.5 279.8 282.8 3.0 1.1

Norwich-New London-Westerly

132.1 134.2 131.8 133.8 2.0 1.5

Waterbury

66.7 66.6 66.3 66.5 0.2 0.3


Delaware

460.1 468.9 457.6 465.1 7.5 1.6

Dover

68.2 70.4 67.6 69.8 2.2 3.3

Salisbury(1)

173.3 169.6 171.8 169.2 -2.6 -1.5


District of Columbia

795.2 803.7 780.6 790.0 9.4 1.2

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria

3,283.1 3,359.8 3,266.3 3,331.2 64.9 2.0


Florida

8,455.9 8,676.0 8,547.1 8,769.4 222.3 2.6

Cape Coral-Fort Myers

257.2 261.6 260.4 263.8 3.4 1.3

Crestview-Fort Walton Beach-Destin

115.8 121.5 115.4 120.6 5.2 4.5

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach

198.2 202.4 200.1 205.0 4.9 2.4

Gainesville

138.4 140.9 138.8 141.4 2.6 1.9

Homosassa Springs

32.2 32.5 33.3 33.5 0.2 0.6

Jacksonville

685.9 707.9 692.2 713.8 21.6 3.1

Lakeland-Winter Haven

216.3 222.1 220.3 225.7 5.4 2.5

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

2,595.2 2,636.5 2,620.8 2,659.6 38.8 1.5

Naples-Immokalee-Marco Island

140.9 139.9 141.9 141.4 -0.5 -0.4

North Port-Sarasota-Bradenton

295.7 303.9 299.3 306.0 6.7 2.2

Ocala

101.1 103.8 101.7 104.8 3.1 3.0

Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford

1,234.6 1,289.0 1,247.0 1,298.7 51.7 4.1

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville

213.6 217.2 215.2 218.8 3.6 1.7

Panama City

85.3 88.5 86.0 88.2 2.2 2.6

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent

175.7 179.8 177.9 181.8 3.9 2.2

Port St. Lucie

143.0 144.9 145.2 147.3 2.1 1.4

Punta Gorda

46.8 47.9 47.3 48.2 0.9 1.9

Sebastian-Vero Beach

50.4 51.1 50.8 51.7 0.9 1.8

Sebring

24.6 24.2 25.8 25.3 -0.5 -1.9

Tallahassee

175.6 178.5 175.9 180.1 4.2 2.4

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

1,307.6 1,337.0 1,320.2 1,352.6 32.4 2.5

The Villages

27.4 27.6 28.2 28.4 0.2 0.7


Georgia

4,428.1 4,527.3 4,467.1 4,554.1 87.0 1.9

Albany

61.7 62.8 62.4 63.0 0.6 1.0

Athens-Clarke County

95.9 99.0 96.8 99.6 2.8 2.9

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell

2,714.6 2,776.5 2,737.7 2,791.4 53.7 2.0

Augusta-Richmond County

232.5 240.7 235.5 240.9 5.4 2.3

Brunswick

44.6 44.9 44.4 44.7 0.3 0.7

Columbus

120.1 122.6 120.9 123.0 2.1 1.7

Dalton

67.1 68.3 67.4 68.6 1.2 1.8

Gainesville

89.8 93.4 90.3 94.5 4.2 4.7

Hinesville

20.0 20.5 20.5 20.8 0.3 1.5

Macon-Bibb County

102.1 103.1 103.2 103.7 0.5 0.5

Rome

40.7 41.4 41.1 41.6 0.5 1.2

Savannah

179.5 178.9 179.7 178.9 -0.8 -0.4

Valdosta

55.2 56.8 55.7 57.2 1.5 2.7

Warner Robins

73.2 74.1 74.2 74.8 0.6 0.8


Hawaii

643.6 655.7 642.9 658.3 15.4 2.4

Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina

76.2 78.2 76.7 78.8 2.1 2.7

Urban Honolulu

467.6 476.2 466.3 478.0 11.7 2.5


Idaho

722.1 747.7 721.1 744.3 23.2 3.2

Boise City

317.1 329.7 318.7 329.9 11.2 3.5

Coeur d'Alene

65.7 68.0 65.5 68.1 2.6 4.0

Idaho Falls

66.1 68.2 66.0 67.6 1.6 2.4

Lewiston

29.1 29.8 29.1 29.4 0.3 1.0

Pocatello

35.8 37.0 35.7 36.8 1.1 3.1


Illinois

6,075.4 6,149.0 6,083.1 6,138.0 54.9 0.9

Bloomington

92.2 91.8 92.8 92.6 -0.2 -0.2

Carbondale-Marion

56.6 56.2 56.6 56.1 -0.5 -0.9

Champaign-Urbana

106.4 108.0 104.9 106.6 1.7 1.6

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin

4,722.5 4,777.4 4,726.0 4,762.3 36.3 0.8

Danville

28.1 28.1 28.2 28.4 0.2 0.7

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island(1)

186.1 186.9 186.1 188.2 2.1 1.1

Decatur

50.9 51.7 51.1 51.6 0.5 1.0

Kankakee

46.0 49.0 46.6 49.5 2.9 6.2

Peoria

171.5 172.1 173.0 173.0 0.0 0.0

Rockford

151.1 152.0 151.1 152.7 1.6 1.1

Springfield

113.1 112.9 116.0 115.6 -0.4 -0.3


Indiana

3,063.8 3,109.2 3,110.9 3,151.9 41.0 1.3

Bloomington

71.4 68.3 74.0 73.0 -1.0 -1.4

Columbus

52.0 53.9 52.5 55.1 2.6 5.0

Elkhart-Goshen

136.8 144.1 138.9 145.3 6.4 4.6

Evansville

159.2 163.2 160.1 163.1 3.0 1.9

Fort Wayne

219.0 224.1 221.1 227.8 6.7 3.0

Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson

1,051.8 1,073.5 1,065.0 1,086.2 21.2 2.0

Kokomo

41.1 43.3 41.8 44.1 2.3 5.5

Lafayette-West Lafayette

98.5 102.5 104.1 105.3 1.2 1.2

Michigan City-La Porte

41.3 40.9 41.7 40.9 -0.8 -1.9

Muncie

49.5 51.2 52.2 51.7 -0.5 -1.0

South Bend-Mishawaka

137.6 137.7 137.9 137.6 -0.3 -0.2

Terre Haute

69.1 69.7 69.8 71.0 1.2 1.7


Iowa

1,564.7 1,590.7 1,566.3 1,587.5 21.2 1.4

Ames

48.9 50.0 50.7 52.1 1.4 2.8

Cedar Rapids

143.7 144.8 143.6 144.7 1.1 0.8

Des Moines-West Des Moines

366.4 378.7 366.1 377.9 11.8 3.2

Dubuque

59.1 58.9 59.1 59.3 0.2 0.3

Iowa City

99.5 100.4 101.4 101.6 0.2 0.2

Sioux City

86.2 87.6 86.1 86.9 0.8 0.9

Waterloo-Cedar Falls

88.9 89.0 88.7 89.0 0.3 0.3


Kansas

1,385.9 1,411.0 1,389.0 1,418.9 29.9 2.2

Lawrence

49.1 49.5 49.7 53.0 3.3 6.6

Manhattan

38.8 39.2 39.0 42.2 3.2 8.2

Topeka

111.4 110.9 111.1 111.5 0.4 0.4

Wichita

290.6 294.5 291.3 296.0 4.7 1.6


Kentucky

1,911.0 1,926.4 1,921.6 1,931.6 10.0 0.5

Bowling Green

73.7 75.7 74.9 77.7 2.8 3.7

Elizabethtown-Fort Knox

56.8 57.4 56.8 57.7 0.9 1.6

Lexington-Fayette

274.6 279.2 277.1 279.9 2.8 1.0

Louisville/Jefferson County

666.2 667.9 668.3 669.4 1.1 0.2

Owensboro

54.2 54.8 54.3 54.8 0.5 0.9


Louisiana

1,954.2 1,977.6 1,961.6 1,978.2 16.6 0.8

Alexandria

61.8 62.0 61.8 61.8 0.0 0.0

Baton Rouge

402.0 410.1 405.5 412.1 6.6 1.6

Hammond

45.3 46.5 46.2 47.0 0.8 1.7

Houma-Thibodaux

85.7 86.0 85.8 85.7 -0.1 -0.1

Lafayette

201.0 200.6 201.2 201.4 0.2 0.1

Lake Charles

117.2 119.6 117.4 119.8 2.4 2.0

Monroe

77.6 78.5 77.6 78.1 0.5 0.6

New Orleans-Metairie

568.5 578.1 570.8 576.4 5.6 1.0

Shreveport-Bossier City

179.0 179.7 179.1 179.3 0.2 0.1


Maine

640.0 649.7 638.6 647.3 8.7 1.4

Bangor

65.6 66.1 65.3 65.6 0.3 0.5

Lewiston-Auburn

50.2 50.6 50.1 50.3 0.2 0.4

Portland-South Portland

213.4 218.2 213.1 217.2 4.1 1.9


Maryland

2,733.3 2,762.2 2,730.8 2,761.6 30.8 1.1

Baltimore-Columbia-Towson

1,403.1 1,420.9 1,401.6 1,426.5 24.9 1.8

California-Lexington Park

44.8 45.7 44.8 45.3 0.5 1.1

Cumberland

38.7 39.2 38.6 38.9 0.3 0.8

Hagerstown-Martinsburg

104.7 107.0 104.7 107.2 2.5 2.4


Massachusetts

3,643.0 3,720.0 3,629.5 3,705.9 76.4 2.1

Barnstable Town

122.6 123.3 121.9 122.5 0.6 0.5

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua

2,750.8 2,812.8 2,741.6 2,804.3 62.7 2.3

Leominster-Gardner

52.6 53.1 52.4 53.1 0.7 1.3

New Bedford

68.0 68.7 67.5 68.3 0.8 1.2

Pittsfield

44.0 44.3 43.3 43.8 0.5 1.2

Springfield

331.6 335.7 330.8 336.8 6.0 1.8

Worcester

283.5 291.1 283.7 290.7 7.0 2.5


Michigan

4,344.1 4,421.8 4,366.1 4,428.0 61.9 1.4

Ann Arbor

213.9 217.5 215.6 217.8 2.2 1.0

Battle Creek

58.3 58.2 58.3 58.6 0.3 0.5

Bay City

35.3 35.6 35.3 35.8 0.5 1.4

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

1,995.3 2,023.9 2,009.6 2,027.5 17.9 0.9

Flint

139.8 139.7 140.9 140.8 -0.1 -0.1

Grand Rapids-Wyoming

548.3 563.0 550.2 562.3 12.1 2.2

Jackson

57.2 57.4 57.9 57.7 -0.2 -0.3

Kalamazoo-Portage

144.8 148.0 145.7 147.8 2.1 1.4

Lansing-East Lansing

226.4 231.2 227.4 231.7 4.3 1.9

Midland

37.5 37.3 37.4 37.5 0.1 0.3

Monroe

41.1 42.1 41.0 42.0 1.0 2.4

Muskegon

65.3 65.7 65.2 65.6 0.4 0.6

Niles-Benton Harbor

63.5 63.8 63.5 63.7 0.2 0.3

Saginaw

87.1 87.5 87.2 88.0 0.8 0.9


Minnesota

2,947.7 3,006.7 2,951.6 3,002.8 51.2 1.7

Duluth

136.0 137.9 135.9 138.1 2.2 1.6

Mankato-North Mankato

55.2 57.6 56.4 58.8 2.4 4.3

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington

1,998.9 2,040.1 2,002.9 2,044.0 41.1 2.1

Rochester

122.0 122.1 122.4 121.9 -0.5 -0.4

St. Cloud

108.8 110.9 109.7 111.5 1.8 1.6


Mississippi

1,135.7 1,154.0 1,146.8 1,169.1 22.3 1.9

Gulfport-Biloxi-Pascagoula

155.5 155.8 155.4 156.0 0.6 0.4

Hattiesburg

63.1 64.4 64.0 64.8 0.8 1.3

Jackson

276.6 281.3 278.6 284.0 5.4 1.9


Missouri

2,849.3 2,884.2 2,859.3 2,893.4 34.1 1.2

Cape Girardeau

42.5 43.6 43.8 44.8 1.0 2.3

Columbia

96.2 96.8 97.1 97.5 0.4 0.4

Jefferson City

76.4 76.8 76.4 76.8 0.4 0.5

Joplin

78.9 79.8 78.7 79.5 0.8 1.0

Kansas City

1,079.9 1,099.1 1,081.9 1,101.9 20.0 1.8

St. Joseph

63.8 64.7 63.5 64.8 1.3 2.0

St. Louis(2)

1,369.4 1,383.7 1,375.7 1,386.5 10.8 0.8

Springfield

209.7 211.9 208.4 211.0 2.6 1.2


Montana

479.1 487.0 480.0 488.5 8.5 1.8

Billings

85.1 86.0 85.6 86.2 0.6 0.7

Great Falls

35.0 35.6 35.3 35.9 0.6 1.7

Missoula

60.0 61.1 60.6 61.5 0.9 1.5


Nebraska

1,013.9 1,032.9 1,017.1 1,032.7 15.6 1.5

Grand Island

42.3 42.8 42.3 42.6 0.3 0.7

Lincoln

185.4 189.5 188.3 191.0 2.7 1.4

Omaha-Council Bluffs

498.7 509.3 498.8 507.6 8.8 1.8


Nevada

1,337.9 1,386.1 1,342.1 1,389.5 47.4 3.5

Carson City

30.3 31.3 30.3 31.2 0.9 3.0

Las Vegas-Henderson-Paradise

971.1 1,008.6 974.3 1,010.5 36.2 3.7

Reno

230.8 239.6 232.3 241.2 8.9 3.8


New Hampshire

678.6 694.7 678.7 695.9 17.2 2.5

Dover-Durham

52.2 53.9 52.6 54.0 1.4 2.7

Manchester

112.2 112.9 111.9 113.2 1.3 1.2

Portsmouth

96.9 97.9 96.3 97.9 1.6 1.7


New Jersey

4,141.5 4,227.8 4,128.3 4,210.4 82.1 2.0

Atlantic City-Hammonton

130.3 139.0 130.4 139.4 9.0 6.9

Ocean City

58.5 57.5 57.2 56.1 -1.1 -1.9

Trenton

265.3 276.1 265.9 275.8 9.9 3.7

Vineland-Bridgeton

56.7 58.0 57.4 58.1 0.7 1.2


New Mexico

818.6 837.8 829.2 845.2 16.0 1.9

Albuquerque

386.9 396.5 388.7 396.6 7.9 2.0

Farmington

48.0 48.2 47.5 48.4 0.9 1.9

Las Cruces

68.0 67.3 70.1 68.9 -1.2 -1.7

Santa Fe

64.0 65.1 63.2 64.3 1.1 1.7


New York

9,535.3 9,670.8 9,512.5 9,636.5 124.0 1.3

Albany-Schenectady-Troy

465.3 467.9 465.8 465.6 -0.2 0.0

Binghamton

102.0 102.7 102.5 102.5 0.0 0.0

Buffalo-Cheektowaga-Niagara Falls

562.4 569.7 563.7 572.9 9.2 1.6

Elmira

36.4 36.4 36.9 36.4 -0.5 -1.4

Glens Falls

59.6 60.6 59.4 60.4 1.0 1.7

Ithaca

61.2 63.4 61.2 63.8 2.6 4.2

Kingston

62.0 63.2 61.9 63.2 1.3 2.1

New York-Newark-Jersey City

9,698.6 9,837.4 9,654.9 9,791.0 136.1 1.4

Rochester

528.4 536.5 528.2 534.5 6.3 1.2

Syracuse

315.0 319.7 315.4 318.8 3.4 1.1

Utica-Rome

129.0 129.0 128.7 129.1 0.4 0.3

Watertown-Fort Drum

43.9 43.9 43.8 43.8 0.0 0.0


North Carolina

4,362.1 4,471.5 4,425.1 4,525.3 100.2 2.3

Asheville

188.3 192.9 190.2 193.5 3.3 1.7

Burlington

60.2 60.7 60.9 61.7 0.8 1.3

Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia

1,167.0 1,199.7 1,183.2 1,215.2 32.0 2.7

Durham-Chapel Hill

308.2 315.7 311.2 319.8 8.6 2.8

Fayetteville

125.6 128.0 128.5 129.4 0.9 0.7

Goldsboro

40.7 40.5 41.3 41.5 0.2 0.5

Greensboro-High Point

351.7 357.9 357.9 362.5 4.6 1.3

Greenville

77.8 79.5 79.3 80.4 1.1 1.4

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton

150.3 153.1 152.5 155.8 3.3 2.2

Jacksonville

46.8 47.2 49.4 49.7 0.3 0.6

New Bern

44.5 45.0 45.0 45.7 0.7 1.6

Raleigh

615.4 638.6 622.2 641.8 19.6 3.2

Rocky Mount

54.6 54.0 55.0 54.7 -0.3 -0.5

Wilmington

125.3 127.5 127.7 128.7 1.0 0.8

Winston-Salem

259.3 263.4 262.2 264.7 2.5 1.0


North Dakota

430.8 435.0 430.2 435.3 5.1 1.2

Bismarck

73.2 73.5 72.0 72.7 0.7 1.0

Fargo

140.1 141.4 140.3 141.9 1.6 1.1

Grand Forks

54.5 54.9 54.8 54.9 0.1 0.2


Ohio

5,542.7 5,643.2 5,556.2 5,650.4 94.2 1.7

Akron

338.0 344.1 338.3 345.2 6.9 2.0

Canton-Massillon

173.2 175.6 173.6 174.5 0.9 0.5

Cincinnati

1,095.6 1,115.2 1,100.5 1,114.2 13.7 1.2

Cleveland-Elyria

1,065.6 1,091.3 1,067.4 1,094.0 26.6 2.5

Columbus

1,088.2 1,101.5 1,093.1 1,102.2 9.1 0.8

Dayton

389.2 388.4 389.8 394.1 4.3 1.1

Lima

53.4 53.0 53.6 53.3 -0.3 -0.6

Mansfield

52.4 53.3 52.4 53.4 1.0 1.9

Springfield

49.1 50.0 50.3 50.7 0.4 0.8

Toledo

304.1 307.8 304.7 307.0 2.3 0.8

Weirton-Steubenville(1)

41.3 41.3 41.5 41.4 -0.1 -0.2

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman

218.5 218.1 219.8 217.8 -2.0 -0.9


Oklahoma

1,647.4 1,679.1 1,655.6 1,688.5 32.9 2.0

Enid

25.7 26.0 25.5 25.8 0.3 1.2

Lawton

45.0 45.5 45.1 45.5 0.4 0.9

Oklahoma City

629.0 648.3 632.8 649.4 16.6 2.6

Tulsa

445.4 457.8 446.0 459.0 13.0 2.9


Oregon

1,866.9 1,918.0 1,871.3 1,920.9 49.6 2.7

Albany

44.0 45.7 44.0 46.1 2.1 4.8

Bend-Redmond

83.0 86.3 83.2 86.5 3.3 4.0

Corvallis

40.1 40.4 40.1 40.2 0.1 0.2

Eugene

155.9 161.3 155.6 161.0 5.4 3.5

Grants Pass

25.7 26.6 26.1 26.5 0.4 1.5

Medford

85.9 88.7 86.1 88.7 2.6 3.0

Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro

1,172.6 1,202.9 1,173.9 1,203.0 29.1 2.5

Salem

161.6 165.3 162.9 166.9 4.0 2.5


Pennsylvania

5,918.9 6,023.5 5,921.1 5,997.8 76.7 1.3

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton

366.7 376.5 366.5 373.3 6.8 1.9

Altoona

61.7 62.1 62.0 62.5 0.5 0.8

Bloomsburg-Berwick

41.8 41.9 42.0 42.1 0.1 0.2

Chambersburg-Waynesboro

59.4 60.7 59.7 61.5 1.8 3.0

East Stroudsburg

59.5 59.7 59.3 59.4 0.1 0.2

Erie

125.9 128.2 126.2 127.8 1.6 1.3

Gettysburg

34.7 35.8 34.7 35.6 0.9 2.6

Harrisburg-Carlisle

344.3 350.8 344.4 349.2 4.8 1.4

Johnstown

54.2 55.2 54.1 55.4 1.3 2.4

Lancaster

253.3 257.0 253.4 256.4 3.0 1.2

Lebanon

51.7 51.9 51.8 51.8 0.0 0.0

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington

2,893.4 2,953.7 2,892.1 2,939.9 47.8 1.7

Pittsburgh

1,174.1 1,189.5 1,172.7 1,178.6 5.9 0.5

Reading

175.4 179.4 175.9 178.8 2.9 1.6

Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton

260.6 268.6 260.9 267.5 6.6 2.5

State College

75.3 75.4 76.6 76.9 0.3 0.4

Williamsport

52.9 52.0 53.1 52.2 -0.9 -1.7

York-Hanover

183.8 186.9 184.7 188.5 3.8 2.1


Rhode Island

496.4 509.4 496.6 506.6 10.0 2.0

Providence-Warwick

589.5 601.9 590.0 599.8 9.8 1.7


South Carolina

2,093.5 2,130.5 2,093.3 2,131.8 38.5 1.8

Charleston-North Charleston

356.1 362.3 355.2 362.0 6.8 1.9

Columbia

397.1 400.7 393.3 401.1 7.8 2.0

Florence

87.1 88.9 87.7 88.7 1.0 1.1

Greenville-Anderson-Mauldin

412.2 417.9 415.1 420.3 5.2 1.3

Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort

81.3 83.6 80.8 82.7 1.9 2.4

Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach

175.9 181.8 173.9 179.5 5.6 3.2

Spartanburg

151.3 154.7 153.3 154.8 1.5 1.0

Sumter

39.1 39.7 39.4 39.8 0.4 1.0


South Dakota

438.3 448.2 440.4 449.7 9.3 2.1

Rapid City

71.5 72.9 72.9 73.5 0.6 0.8

Sioux Falls

157.0 159.2 156.7 159.6 2.9 1.9


Tennessee

2,982.9 3,043.6 3,007.3 3,064.7 57.4 1.9

Chattanooga

254.7 263.7 256.7 265.3 8.6 3.4

Clarksville

88.0 89.1 89.9 90.7 0.8 0.9

Cleveland

45.8 46.2 46.7 47.1 0.4 0.9

Jackson

68.3 69.6 68.8 70.1 1.3 1.9

Johnson City

77.9 77.9 79.1 79.0 -0.1 -0.1

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol

119.7 121.8 121.2 123.0 1.8 1.5

Knoxville

391.5 394.2 395.6 397.7 2.1 0.5

Memphis

636.1 651.2 641.3 655.5 14.2 2.2

Morristown

44.8 46.1 45.4 46.5 1.1 2.4

Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin

973.9 991.7 983.5 997.5 14.0 1.4


Texas

12,173.8 12,555.8 12,198.4 12,585.3 386.9 3.2

Abilene

67.5 69.3 68.1 69.6 1.5 2.2

Amarillo

117.9 121.2 117.9 121.1 3.2 2.7

Austin-Round Rock

1,029.8 1,059.6 1,029.9 1,063.5 33.6 3.3

Beaumont-Port Arthur

162.0 161.4 160.9 161.5 0.6 0.4

Brownsville-Harlingen

141.2 142.8 141.4 142.6 1.2 0.8

College Station-Bryan

111.8 116.3 110.9 115.1 4.2 3.8

Corpus Christi

191.5 190.7 191.0 191.6 0.6 0.3

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

3,585.8 3,704.4 3,601.1 3,716.0 114.9 3.2

El Paso

307.0 314.5 309.1 315.8 6.7 2.2

Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land

3,011.3 3,115.7 3,012.9 3,123.1 110.2 3.7

Killeen-Temple

142.3 145.2 142.7 145.9 3.2 2.2

Laredo

102.9 103.9 103.6 104.2 0.6 0.6

Longview

95.9 96.0 96.2 96.2 0.0 0.0

Lubbock

146.4 150.7 147.5 151.6 4.1 2.8

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission

251.1 256.9 253.7 258.7 5.0 2.0

Midland

94.5 103.5 95.2 104.0 8.8 9.2

Odessa

73.4 75.4 73.9 75.5 1.6 2.2

San Angelo

48.6 49.1 48.9 49.6 0.7 1.4

San Antonio-New Braunfels

1,037.7 1,050.6 1,039.3 1,051.6 12.3 1.2

Sherman-Denison

47.2 48.3 47.2 48.3 1.1 2.3

Texarkana

58.6 59.3 58.8 59.5 0.7 1.2

Tyler

103.9 107.9 104.2 108.1 3.9 3.7

Victoria

41.0 40.1 40.6 40.1 -0.5 -1.2

Waco

119.7 122.0 120.7 122.5 1.8 1.5

Wichita Falls

58.7 59.2 58.5 59.0 0.5 0.9


Utah

1,453.6 1,511.7 1,463.1 1,517.8 54.7 3.7

Logan

58.2 60.1 58.6 60.3 1.7 2.9

Ogden-Clearfield

255.0 261.7 255.6 261.0 5.4 2.1

Provo-Orem

241.8 253.6 246.0 257.0 11.0 4.5

St. George

62.9 66.5 64.0 67.0 3.0 4.7

Salt Lake City

711.4 736.4 715.6 736.9 21.3 3.0


Vermont

310.2 309.5 311.8 309.7 -2.1 -0.7

Burlington-South Burlington

124.0 122.7 124.3 121.5 -2.8 -2.3


Virginia

3,958.3 4,022.6 3,955.4 4,010.8 55.4 1.4

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford

74.1 74.3 76.2 77.0 0.8 1.0

Charlottesville

114.6 119.0 114.5 118.6 4.1 3.6

Harrisonburg

65.6 66.4 65.2 65.7 0.5 0.8

Lynchburg

103.5 105.1 104.0 106.2 2.2 2.1

Richmond

673.0 684.4 672.7 680.1 7.4 1.1

Roanoke

158.9 160.7 159.4 160.8 1.4 0.9

Staunton-Waynesboro

49.6 50.8 49.6 50.5 0.9 1.8

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News

787.1 795.4 787.5 794.4 6.9 0.9

Winchester

63.3 65.5 63.6 65.6 2.0 3.1


Washington

3,343.3 3,448.1 3,334.2 3,446.7 112.5 3.4

Bellingham

90.9 94.7 90.3 93.2 2.9 3.2

Bremerton-Silverdale

91.6 93.6 91.0 92.7 1.7 1.9

Kennewick-Richland

114.5 117.3 114.0 116.7 2.7 2.4

Longview

40.0 41.0 39.9 41.2 1.3 3.3

Mount Vernon-Anacortes

50.7 52.0 50.6 51.2 0.6 1.2

Olympia-Tumwater

115.1 119.4 115.3 118.8 3.5 3.0

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,011.1 2,082.6 2,008.2 2,085.9 77.7 3.9

Spokane-Spokane Valley

244.6 246.4 244.0 246.3 2.3 0.9

Walla Walla

27.1 28.2 27.2 28.1 0.9 3.3

Wenatchee

46.7 48.3 46.2 47.4 1.2 2.6

Yakima

87.4 90.6 86.3 90.8 4.5 5.2


West Virginia

736.9 746.9 739.5 747.6 8.1 1.1

Beckley

45.5 45.3 45.8 45.3 -0.5 -1.1

Charleston

116.6 116.2 116.9 116.2 -0.7 -0.6

Huntington-Ashland

136.4 135.9 137.9 137.1 -0.8 -0.6

Morgantown

69.1 70.9 69.1 71.3 2.2 3.2

Parkersburg-Vienna

39.5 39.7 39.7 39.6 -0.1 -0.3

Wheeling

66.5 66.5 66.4 66.2 -0.2 -0.3


Wisconsin

2,965.6 3,009.8 2,961.3 3,004.3 43.0 1.5

Appleton

126.0 128.5 126.4 128.9 2.5 2.0

Eau Claire

86.2 87.9 86.1 87.7 1.6 1.9

Fond du Lac

48.3 49.1 48.0 48.8 0.8 1.7

Green Bay

179.2 181.9 180.0 181.6 1.6 0.9

Janesville-Beloit

70.2 70.5 69.6 70.0 0.4 0.6

La Crosse-Onalaska

77.4 79.8 77.4 79.2 1.8 2.3

Madison

401.6 407.5 401.5 406.1 4.6 1.1

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis

869.5 880.0 873.1 880.4 7.3 0.8

Oshkosh-Neenah

98.7 98.3 97.8 98.1 0.3 0.3

Racine

78.8 79.0 78.6 78.9 0.3 0.4

Sheboygan

64.0 65.6 63.9 65.3 1.4 2.2

Wausau

72.2 74.3 72.3 74.9 2.6 3.6


Wyoming

288.3 296.0 288.7 297.1 8.4 2.9

Casper

38.6 39.4 39.0 39.2 0.2 0.5

Cheyenne

47.2 47.4 46.9 47.3 0.4 0.9


Puerto Rico

861.6 841.2 861.9 844.7 -17.2 -2.0

Aguadilla-Isabela

50.2 49.8 50.9 50.1 -0.8 -1.6

Arecibo

33.3 32.2 33.6 32.3 -1.3 -3.9

Guayama

14.3 13.7 14.5 13.7 -0.8 -5.5

Mayaguez

31.5 29.7 31.3 29.8 -1.5 -4.8

Ponce

66.8 65.3 66.9 65.2 -1.7 -2.5

San German

18.5 18.1 18.6 18.1 -0.5 -2.7

San Juan-Carolina-Caguas

623.0 616.2 627.8 619.6 -8.2 -1.3


Virgin Islands

38.0 36.6 37.9 36.9 -1.0 -2.6

Footnotes
(1) For operational reasons, these interstate areas are listed under the state that accounts for the larger share of the population, which is different from the state that contains the first principal city.
(2) Area boundary does not reflect official OMB delineation.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available. Area delineations are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city, unless otherwise footnoted. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division(1), not seasonally adjusted
[In thousands]
State, area, and division July August Change from
August 2017 to August 2018(p)
2017 2018 2017 2018(p) Number Percent

California

16,721.3 17,038.6 16,794.0 17,127.0 333.0 2.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim

6,008.6 6,071.9 6,027.9 6,100.9 73.0 1.2

Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine

1,609.5 1,618.7 1,613.2 1,624.2 11.0 0.7

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale

4,399.1 4,453.2 4,414.7 4,476.7 62.0 1.4

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward

2,395.5 2,434.6 2,397.7 2,443.3 45.6 1.9

Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley

1,160.1 1,178.8 1,161.8 1,183.7 21.9 1.9

San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco

1,118.8 1,137.8 1,120.1 1,140.6 20.5 1.8

San Rafael

116.6 118.0 115.8 119.0 3.2 2.8


District of Columbia

795.2 803.7 780.6 790.0 9.4 1.2

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

3,283.1 3,359.8 3,266.3 3,331.2 64.9 2.0

Silver Spring-Frederick-Rockville(3)

591.8 607.3 592.6 610.2 17.6 3.0

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria(2)

2,691.3 2,752.5 2,673.7 2,721.0 47.3 1.8


Florida

8,455.9 8,676.0 8,547.1 8,769.4 222.3 2.6

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach

2,595.2 2,636.5 2,620.8 2,659.6 38.8 1.5

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach

828.3 838.9 835.1 845.7 10.6 1.3

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall

1,157.3 1,180.5 1,170.5 1,192.6 22.1 1.9

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach

609.6 617.1 615.2 621.3 6.1 1.0


Illinois

6,075.4 6,149.0 6,083.1 6,138.0 54.9 0.9

Chicago-Naperville-Elgin(2)

4,722.5 4,777.4 4,726.0 4,762.3 36.3 0.8

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights

3,765.5 3,808.6 3,767.7 3,796.1 28.4 0.8

Elgin

258.0 262.7 258.4 261.0 2.6 1.0

Gary

273.4 277.1 275.7 280.2 4.5 1.6

Lake County-Kenosha County(2)

425.6 429.0 424.2 425.0 0.8 0.2


Massachusetts

3,643.0 3,720.0 3,629.5 3,705.9 76.4 2.1

Boston-Cambridge-Nashua(2)

2,750.8 2,812.8 2,741.6 2,804.3 62.7 2.3

Boston-Cambridge-Newton

1,854.4 1,904.0 1,847.2 1,898.4 51.2 2.8

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton

80.3 81.1 80.4 81.5 1.1 1.4

Framingham

174.4 174.1 173.6 173.2 -0.4 -0.2

Haverhill-Newburyport-Amesbury Town(2)

68.2 70.1 67.9 69.5 1.6 2.4

Lawrence-Methuen Town-Salem(2)

84.9 85.8 84.6 85.5 0.9 1.1

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford(2)

158.8 163.3 158.3 162.3 4.0 2.5

Lynn-Saugus-Marblehead

45.8 47.8 46.0 47.4 1.4 3.0

Nashua(2)

127.1 128.5 127.0 129.0 2.0 1.6

Peabody-Salem-Beverly

96.5 96.5 96.2 95.8 -0.4 -0.4

Taunton-Middleborough-Norton

60.4 61.6 60.4 61.7 1.3 2.2


Michigan

4,344.1 4,421.8 4,366.1 4,428.0 61.9 1.4

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn

1,995.3 2,023.9 2,009.6 2,027.5 17.9 0.9

Detroit-Dearborn-Livonia

746.5 764.9 756.7 767.5 10.8 1.4

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills

1,248.8 1,259.0 1,252.9 1,260.0 7.1 0.6


New York

9,535.3 9,670.8 9,512.5 9,636.5 124.0 1.3

New York-Newark-Jersey City(2)

9,698.6 9,837.4 9,654.9 9,791.0 136.1 1.4

Dutchess County-Putnam County

148.3 149.2 147.6 148.6 1.0 0.7

Nassau County-Suffolk County

1,356.3 1,369.1 1,348.8 1,364.0 15.2 1.1

Newark(3)

1,212.8 1,220.2 1,205.7 1,217.1 11.4 0.9

New York-Jersey City-White Plains(2)

6,981.2 7,098.9 6,952.8 7,061.3 108.5 1.6


Pennsylvania

5,918.9 6,023.5 5,921.1 5,997.8 76.7 1.3

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington(2)

2,893.4 2,953.7 2,892.1 2,939.9 47.8 1.7

Camden(3)

536.9 550.7 536.8 548.6 11.8 2.2

Montgomery County-Bucks County-Chester County

1,069.3 1,081.4 1,068.3 1,077.2 8.9 0.8

Philadelphia

930.1 956.5 931.1 949.9 18.8 2.0

Wilmington(3)

357.1 365.1 355.9 364.2 8.3 2.3


Texas

12,173.8 12,555.8 12,198.4 12,585.3 386.9 3.2

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington

3,585.8 3,704.4 3,601.1 3,716.0 114.9 3.2

Dallas-Plano-Irving

2,558.9 2,649.4 2,569.0 2,660.5 91.5 3.6

Fort Worth-Arlington

1,026.9 1,055.0 1,032.1 1,055.5 23.4 2.3


Washington

3,343.3 3,448.1 3,334.2 3,446.7 112.5 3.4

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue

2,011.1 2,082.6 2,008.2 2,085.9 77.7 3.9

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett

1,699.2 1,755.7 1,695.6 1,762.6 67.0 4.0

Tacoma-Lakewood

311.9 326.9 312.6 323.3 10.7 3.4

Footnotes
(1) These 11 areas contain all of the 38 metropolitan divisions.
(2) Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states.
(3) All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and available at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state containing the first principal city. Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, NJ, are totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed.For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.


Last Modified Date: October 03, 2018