Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
MXP MXP Program Links

U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-22-0021
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, January 14, 2022

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                              U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - DECEMBER 2021                              

U.S. import prices declined 0.2 percent in December, after rising 0.7 percent in November, the U.S. Bureau 
of Labor Statistics reported today. In December, lower fuel prices more than offset higher prices for nonfuel 
imports. Prices for U.S. exports fell 1.8 percent in December following a 0.8-percent advance in November.  

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
		Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on December 2021 Import and Export Price Indexes

For each month from March 2020 to December 2021, BLS has published a summary of the impact of the 
pandemic on U.S. import and export price indexes. The impact summary for December is available at 
www.bls.gov/covid19/import-export-price-indexes-covid19-impacts-december-2021.htm. Beginning with 
publication of January 2022 data in February 2022, this month-specific impact summary will be 
discontinued. However, information related to the impact of the pandemic will continue to be available at 
www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-covid-19-pandemic-on-import-export-price-indexes.htm.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports declined 0.2 percent in December, the first monthly decrease since the 
index fell 0.2 percent in August 2021. Despite the December drop, U.S. import prices increased 10.4 percent 
over the past year. The advance in 2021 was the largest calendar-year rise since import prices increased 10.6 
percent in 2007. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel decreased 6.5 percent in December, the first monthly decline since 
August 2021 and the largest drop since a 30.9-percent decrease in April 2020. In December, a 6.0-percent 
fall in petroleum prices and a 13.7-percent decline in natural gas prices drove the drop in import fuel prices. 
Despite the December decrease, import fuel prices rose 62.7 percent in 2021, the largest calendar-year 
advance since the index increased 114.7 percent in 1999. The price indexes for petroleum and natural gas 
also rose over the past year, advancing 62.0 percent and 86.9 percent, respectively.  

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices increased 0.5 percent for the third consecutive month 
in December. Prices for nonfuel imports have not recorded a monthly decline since November 2020. Higher 
prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; consumer goods; foods, feeds, and beverages; 
automotive vehicles; and capital goods all contributed to the rise in nonfuel import prices. The price index 
for nonfuel imports advanced 6.4 percent for the year ended in December, the largest calendar-year increase 
since the series started in 2002.          

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages rose 0.5 percent in December 
following a 0.2-percent drop the previous month. Higher fruit prices in December led the increase.           

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 
advanced 1.7 percent in December, after rising 1.9 percent in November. The December increase was driven 
by higher prices for selected building materials and chemicals.            

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories advanced in December. Consumer 
goods prices rose 0.5 percent, the largest monthly advance since February 2018. Prices for automotive 
vehicles increased 0.2 percent in December, and capital goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2020

December

1.0 7.3 0.4 1.2 1.0 1.3

2021

January

1.5 9.0 0.9 2.7 6.0 2.3

February

1.2 10.9 0.4 1.6 2.7 1.5

March

1.5 8.0 0.9 2.5 2.4 2.5

April

0.9 1.9 0.8 1.2 0.7 1.2

May

1.3 5.2 0.9 2.3 6.1 1.8

June

1.1 4.9 0.7 1.2 1.4 1.1

July

0.3 2.9 0.0 1.1 -1.7 1.3

August

-0.2 -2.2 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.1

September

0.4 3.6 0.1 0.3 -1.5 0.5

October

1.5 11.1 0.5 (r)1.9 (r)1.2 (r)2.0

November

0.7 (r)2.3 0.5 (r)0.8 (r)1.1 (r)0.6

December

-0.2 -6.5 0.5 -1.8 0.8 -2.1

Dec. 2019 to 2020

-0.3 -20.1 1.9 0.4 5.4 -0.1

Dec. 2020 to 2021

10.4 62.7 6.4 14.7 21.7 13.8

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices decreased 1.8 percent in December, after advancing 0.8 percent in November and 1.9 
percent in October. The December decline was the largest 1-month drop since the index fell 3.5 percent in 
April 2020. Despite the December decrease, U.S. export prices rose 14.7 percent from December 2020 to 
December 2021. The 2021 advance was the largest calendar-year increase since the series was first 
published in 1984. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Prices for agricultural exports increased 0.8 percent in December following a 1.1-
percent rise in November and a 1.2-percent advance in October. In December, higher prices for soybeans, 
fruit, cotton, dairy products, and corn more than offset lower prices for nuts and meat. Agricultural export 
prices increased 21.7 percent for the year ended in December, the largest calendar-year advance since the 
index rose 23.3 percent in 2007.                      

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports fell 2.1 percent in 
December, after increasing 0.6 percent in November and 2.0 percent in October. The December decline is 
the largest monthly drop since the index decreased 3.5 percent in April 2020. Lower prices in December for 
nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and nonagricultural food more than offset higher prices for 
capital goods and consumer goods. Prices for nonagricultural exports advanced 13.8 percent over the past 
year despite the December decline.               

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 
decreased 5.3 percent in December, the largest 1-month decline since the index fell 10.4 percent in April 
2020. The December decline was led by an 11.6-percent drop in fuel prices and a 2.2-percent decrease in 
nonferrous metal prices.       

Finished Goods: Prices for most of the major finished goods categories advanced in December. The price 
index for capital goods increased 0.3 percent for the month and 3.7 percent over the past year. The 2021 
increase was the largest calendar-year rise since 1981. Consumer goods prices rose 0.4 percent for the 
second consecutive month in December. Prices for automotive vehicles were unchanged in December, after 
rising 0.2 percent the previous month.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China advanced 0.6 percent in December, after 
increasing 0.3 percent in November. The December rise was the largest 1-month advance since July 2021. 
Import prices from China increased 4.7 percent over the past 12 months, the largest calendar-year advance 
since the series was first published in 2004. The price index for imports from Japan was unchanged in 
December following a 0.1-percent increase the previous month. Prices for imports from Japan rose 1.9 
percent for the year ended in December, the largest calendar-year increase since 2011. In contrast, import 
prices from Canada decreased 2.4 percent in December, after rising 2.1 percent in November and 5.7 
percent in October. Prices for imports from Mexico also fell in December, declining 0.6 percent. Import 
prices from the European Union were unchanged in December. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: The price index for exports to China decreased 1.4 percent in 
December, after increasing 1.1 percent in November. The December decline was the largest monthly drop in 
export prices to China since a 2.5-percent decrease in April 2020. Prices for exports to China advanced 9.4 
percent over the past year. Export prices to Japan fell 2.0 percent in December, the first 1-month decline 
since August 2021 and the largest monthly drop since a 3.5-percent decrease in April 2020. Prices for 
exports to Canada declined 1.5 percent in December, the first 1-month drop for the index since a 3.0-percent 
decrease in April 2020. The price indexes for exports to Mexico and the European Union also fell in 
December, declining 3.0 percent and 1.1 percent, respectively. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China fell 2.0 
percent in December, the largest monthly decline for the index since a 2.6-percent drop in April 2020. In 
December, both higher prices for imports from China and lower export prices to China contributed to the 
decline in the U.S. terms of trade. Despite the December decrease, U.S. terms of trade with China advanced 
4.6 percent over the past year. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan also declined 2.0 percent in 
December following increases of 1.0 percent and 1.1 percent the 2 previous months. In contrast, U.S. terms 
of trade with Canada rose 0.9 percent in December, after declining 1.6 percent in November and 4.0 percent 
in October. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Mexico fell 2.4 percent in December and U.S. terms of 
trade with the European Union declined 1.0 percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares increased 5.1 percent in December, the largest 1-month advance since 
the index rose 9.6 percent in June 2021. The increase in December was led by higher Asian and Latin 
American/Caribbean fares which more than offset lower European fares. The index for import air passenger 
fares advanced 11.1 percent in 2021. Import air freight prices declined 13.1 percent in December, after 
advancing 14.1 percent the previous month. Despite the December decrease, prices for import air freight 
rose 10.6 percent over the past 12 months. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares increased 2.3 percent in December following a 0.9-
percent advance in November. The December rise in export air passenger fares was the largest monthly 
increase since an 8.2-percent advance in July 2021. Higher Latin American/Caribbean, Asian, and European 
fares all contributed to the December advance. Export air passenger fares rose 11.9 percent from December 
2020 to December 2021, the largest calendar-year increase since 2011. Prices for export air freight declined 
1.3 percent in December following a 0.4-percent rise in November. Despite the December drop, export air 
freight prices advanced 4.3 percent over the past year.    
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for January 2022 are scheduled for release on Wednesday, February 
16, 2022 at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2020 to December 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

All commodities

  100.000 137.8 137.5 10.4 0.4 1.5 0.7 -0.2

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  82.462 106.2 106.7 5.7 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.5

All imports excluding petroleum

  89.974 121.5 121.9 6.8 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.3

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  88.928 124.8 125.4 6.4 0.1 0.5 0.5 0.5

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

6.466 199.5 200.4 13.7 1.4 0.8 -0.2 0.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

4.994 214.7 216.1 13.0 1.5 0.7 -0.5 0.7

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.472 166.3 166.1 16.2 1.1 0.7 0.7 -0.1

Industrial supplies & materials

1

26.834 251.9 247.7 36.2 1.0 5.2 2.1 -1.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  17.082 209.5 211.1 25.4 -0.3 2.3 2.8 0.8

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  15.842 229.5 233.3 23.2 -0.6 1.4 1.9 1.7

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.022 223.7 227.0 19.6 -1.8 0.6 1.9 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  6.786 191.5 190.9 34.8 2.1 5.0 4.2 -0.3

Fuels & lubricants

10

11.072 295.1 276.0 62.7 3.6 11.1 2.3 -6.5

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

10.026 308.5 290.0 62.0 3.5 10.5 1.0 -6.0

Crude petroleum

10000

6.542 318.3 296.9 59.7 4.4 11.9 -0.5 -6.7

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.949 284.0 249.3 80.5 5.4 20.5 18.5 -12.2

Natural gas

10110

0.848 279.7 241.3 86.9 6.5 20.8 22.5 -13.7

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.490 123.6 123.8 12.9 0.5 -0.1 -3.4 0.2

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

5.249 201.7 206.0 31.9 1.8 3.3 2.5 2.1

Selected building materials

13

1.710 183.8 197.6 12.2 -10.0 7.3 1.3 7.5

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

4.433 356.5 355.2 24.4 -0.9 -2.1 2.8 -0.4

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

2.148 207.1 208.8 27.5 1.3 1.1 1.7 0.8

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.731 121.7 123.2 8.4 0.7 0.7 0.3 1.2

Capital goods

2

26.522 90.3 90.4 2.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1

Electric generating equipment

20

3.233 122.8 123.1 1.5 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.2

Nonelectrical machinery

21

20.838 82.2 82.2 2.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

2.451 139.2 139.3 2.1 0.1 -0.2 0.4 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

14.973 113.8 114.0 2.8 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

25.204 108.9 109.4 2.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.5

Nondurables, manufactured

40

12.652 124.6 124.8 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2

Durables, manufactured

41

11.513 93.9 94.5 4.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

1.039 123.7 126.1 7.5 0.2 -0.2 2.5 1.9

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2020 to December 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

All commodities

  100.000 146.6 143.9 14.7 0.3 1.9 0.8 -1.8

Agricultural commodities

  10.160 229.8 231.6 21.7 -1.5 1.2 1.1 0.8

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  73.907 111.4 111.5 7.9 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.1

Nonagricultural commodities

  89.840 140.2 137.2 13.8 0.5 2.0 0.6 -2.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

9.277 232.5 233.5 20.3 -1.7 1.0 0.5 0.4

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.805 232.6 234.0 20.8 -1.9 1.0 0.5 0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.472 233.2 229.8 12.4 2.0 1.6 -0.4 -1.5

Industrial supplies & materials

1

39.790 209.7 199.2 33.2 1.1 4.1 1.4 -5.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.849 215.3 213.6 15.5 -0.2 0.1 1.9 -0.8

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  28.941 205.0 191.5 41.9 1.5 5.8 1.1 -6.6

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.328 219.9 225.4 28.8 1.3 2.4 5.0 2.5

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  38.461 209.4 198.4 33.3 1.0 4.2 1.2 -5.3

Fuels & lubricants

11

16.816 258.9 228.9 58.5 3.6 9.4 2.0 -11.6

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

20.715 201.8 201.1 20.3 -0.8 0.6 0.7 -0.3

Selected building materials

13

0.930 155.5 155.1 17.2 1.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.3

Capital goods

2

31.304 115.0 115.3 3.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.339 127.9 128.5 7.2 1.0 2.3 0.6 0.5

Nonelectrical machinery

21

20.458 97.3 97.4 3.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

7.507 191.8 192.4 3.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

8.723 116.6 116.6 1.8 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

10.907 112.8 113.2 2.5 -0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4

Nondurables, manufactured

40

5.451 109.9 110.0 1.0 -0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

4.255 109.6 109.5 1.6 -0.5 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.200 104.6 107.4 13.7 0.4 -0.4 2.2 2.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: December 2020 to December 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Nonmanufacturing

  9.671 152.7 144.1 50.1 4.5 9.5 1.5 -5.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

2.015 201.4 203.9 19.0 3.8 -0.8 0.2 1.2

Crop production

111

1.625 211.9 215.4 19.1 3.9 -1.0 0.3 1.7

Mining

21

7.656 152.7 141.3 62.2 4.7 12.7 1.7 -7.5

Oil and gas extraction

211

7.331 152.1 140.3 63.1 4.7 12.9 1.9 -7.8

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2020=100)

212

0.326 146.4 147.0 47.0 3.9 7.1 -0.4 0.4

Manufacturing

  89.947 119.8 120.2 7.4 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.3

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.141 133.7 134.1 6.5 0.6 0.5 0.0 0.3

Food manufacturing

311

3.765 177.4 177.1 13.7 0.8 1.7 -0.3 -0.2

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.137 132.9 132.7 3.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)

313

0.350 109.6 117.1 15.6 1.2 0.5 -0.1 6.8

Textile product mills

314

0.904 110.8 111.2 4.2 0.5 -0.8 0.1 0.4

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.456 114.1 114.3 1.4 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.2

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.529 128.1 128.9 4.5 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.6

Manufacturing, part 2

32

19.733 143.8 144.6 16.9 -0.4 2.8 1.4 0.6

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)

321

1.039 147.2 165.5 15.5 -17.2 11.8 2.3 12.4

Paper manufacturing

322

0.931 115.5 115.7 7.8 0.2 0.2 -3.0 0.2

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

3.157 129.8 125.1 65.3 1.4 7.0 4.2 -3.6

Chemical manufacturing

325

11.071 155.5 156.6 12.9 0.6 1.9 1.3 0.7

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.384 128.7 129.2 5.2 0.8 0.3 0.5 0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.972 136.9 138.1 5.4 0.1 1.1 0.7 0.9

Manufacturing, part 3

33

59.073 109.9 110.2 4.8 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.959 231.4 230.3 23.4 -0.8 -1.6 2.3 -0.5

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.337 145.0 146.0 14.6 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.7

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.428 123.7 123.8 2.9 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.1

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

15.464 73.3 73.1 2.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

5.005 121.6 122.4 3.9 0.1 0.9 0.4 0.7

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.170 112.9 113.0 2.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.691 121.1 123.2 6.8 0.7 1.1 0.5 1.7

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.018 121.0 122.5 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: December 2020 to December 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Nonmanufacturing

  15.363 197.7 182.6 46.2 2.1 6.7 2.3 -7.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

5.307 202.9 205.3 25.5 -2.3 0.3 2.2 1.2

Crop production

111

4.950 213.5 216.4 25.7 -2.6 0.2 2.5 1.4

Mining

21

10.056 128.9 113.1 62.5 5.0 10.4 2.4 -12.3

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.549 160.8 160.9 73.8 4.3 6.1 23.5 0.1

Manufacturing

  82.741 129.0 128.1 10.1 0.1 1.1 0.4 -0.7

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.678 165.3 165.7 14.8 -0.1 1.2 -0.1 0.2

Food manufacturing

311

4.839 194.8 194.9 19.8 0.1 1.8 0.0 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.552 135.2 137.3 3.7 -1.3 -0.6 1.6 1.6

Manufacturing, part 2

32

25.272 136.0 132.6 22.1 0.0 3.1 0.4 -2.5

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.528 136.3 136.1 27.0 1.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Paper manufacturing

322

1.440 136.6 136.3 15.3 0.0 1.2 -0.4 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

6.740 141.0 127.6 53.5 1.8 9.2 1.6 -9.5

Chemical manufacturing

325

13.656 139.0 139.2 15.9 -0.9 1.2 0.0 0.1

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.053 125.9 126.6 9.0 1.2 1.6 0.6 0.6

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.692 121.7 120.2 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 -1.6 -1.2

Manufacturing, part 3

33

50.790 122.1 122.3 4.5 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.213 212.1 209.4 16.5 -0.1 -1.5 1.3 -1.3

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

2.689 160.8 162.0 7.8 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.7

Machinery manufacturing

333

8.291 135.8 136.2 4.9 -0.1 0.7 0.4 0.3

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

11.914 83.0 83.0 2.0 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.360 124.3 124.8 5.9 0.8 2.0 0.8 0.4

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

15.304 133.6 133.9 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)

337

0.347 132.7 132.7 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

4.672 124.1 124.9 4.3 0.1 -0.3 0.6 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2020 to December 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Live animals; animal products

I

1.485 232.2 231.9 19.8 0.9 1.8 -0.6 -0.1

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.433 344.0 340.4 24.4 -0.2 5.5 -4.5 -1.0

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.774 161.2 161.3 20.6 2.1 0.6 1.0 0.1

Vegetable products

II

1.991 231.0 233.8 16.6 3.5 -1.0 0.4 1.2

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.342 412.9 401.4 -3.8 6.3 -0.1 -2.5 -2.8

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.695 115.2 121.1 23.3 2.8 -2.9 -3.4 5.1

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.437 288.7 296.1 32.8 3.0 1.8 6.2 2.6

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.411 148.3 148.3 41.9 2.0 2.1 -1.1 0.0

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.986 179.6 179.7 6.1 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.1

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.198 100.4 99.8 -0.8 3.1 -0.4 0.5 -0.6

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants

20

0.341 180.3 180.3 6.7 1.8 0.1 0.5 0.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.115 147.2 147.0 4.6 0.3 0.2 0.8 -0.1

Mineral products

V

11.298 300.4 281.7 63.6 3.7 11.5 2.1 -6.2

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

10.827 294.2 275.0 63.8 3.7 11.8 2.2 -6.5

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.264 172.9 174.9 11.5 0.7 1.4 1.2 1.2

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.744 464.1 506.3 81.7 2.7 0.5 9.3 9.1

Organic chemicals

29

2.372 145.9 148.3 17.0 1.1 1.5 1.0 1.6

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.816 150.9 150.8 -2.5 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Fertilizers (Dec. 2020=100)

31

0.559 228.8 232.4 132.4 4.0 18.8 6.6 1.6

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.608 114.9 116.0 9.7 1.0 0.1 0.3 1.0

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.726 158.2 159.0 7.0 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.5

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.525 163.5 164.2 11.8 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.4

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.201 150.3 151.5 -1.6 -0.4 0.2 0.2 0.8

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials

42

0.528 139.4 141.0 7.5 1.7 0.6 0.7 1.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork

IX

1.081 215.9 241.4 15.3 -17.4 11.6 2.2 11.8

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)

44

1.040 150.2 168.4 15.6 -18.1 12.0 2.2 12.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

0.949 120.3 121.0 8.4 0.2 -0.2 -3.4 0.6

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.613 108.0 107.9 3.8 -0.5 0.4 -2.8 -0.1

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.534 117.0 117.8 3.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3 0.7

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted

61

1.820 106.4 106.6 1.8 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.493 122.8 122.8 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Made-up or worn textile articles

63

0.634 105.4 105.3 5.3 0.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.1

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.301 126.7 127.3 3.1 0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.5

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.089 124.9 125.7 3.3 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.839 132.0 131.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)

68

0.302 99.2 99.3 -0.7 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

2.734 227.2 227.2 0.5 -2.4 -5.2 2.8 0.0

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

6.438 231.1 233.2 29.5 1.0 1.7 2.0 0.9

Iron and steel

72

1.311 311.1 312.6 47.2 1.3 1.5 3.1 0.5

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.931 191.5 193.8 30.8 1.7 2.1 2.4 1.2

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.542 408.6 405.8 20.9 -0.2 -2.2 1.8 -0.7

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

1.210 190.5 192.8 30.8 0.8 3.2 0.3 1.2

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.413 127.1 127.5 4.1 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.3

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.523 145.3 145.5 8.7 -0.1 1.1 0.6 0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

28.162 81.2 81.2 2.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

14.558 87.4 87.3 2.8 0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

13.604 75.3 75.3 2.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.305 117.3 117.5 2.4 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

12.164 116.6 116.8 2.4 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)

88

1.049 101.1 101.1 1.1 0.2 -0.6 0.9 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

3.897 102.0 102.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.633 98.0 98.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

3.981 114.6 115.7 4.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 1.0

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.479 122.3 123.9 6.1 0.7 0.8 0.6 1.3

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.250 102.3 102.6 1.8 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.252 128.9 130.4 2.9 0.2 0.1 -0.7 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2020 to December 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Live animals; animal products

I

2.159 277.8 277.9 29.5 0.9 1.9 0.1 0.0

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.370 231.3 229.2 35.5 0.5 1.1 0.9 -0.9

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)

03

0.290 128.0 125.8 15.5 2.4 2.2 -0.7 -1.7

Dairy products, eggs and honey (Dec. 2020=100)

04

0.368 121.7 126.7 26.7 0.5 3.9 0.0 4.1

Vegetable products

II

4.722 258.6 261.6 20.8 -2.9 -0.4 1.5 1.2

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.917 149.2 150.2 16.0 1.3 -0.5 1.4 0.7

Cereals

10

1.481 299.3 302.9 38.8 -5.5 3.0 4.3 1.2

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

1.855 258.7 262.8 9.5 -4.2 -2.7 -0.3 1.6

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.796 171.7 171.5 7.7 -1.0 1.0 0.5 -0.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.553 103.3 103.3 2.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.456 110.2 110.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.776 291.4 291.2 17.9 -3.2 2.7 1.7 -0.1

Mineral products

V

16.766 312.6 278.5 59.1 3.7 9.8 2.2 -10.9

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.614 146.0 143.7 35.3 -1.0 6.5 7.7 -1.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

15.975 300.3 266.0 60.8 3.8 10.1 2.0 -11.4

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

11.005 157.9 157.4 11.9 -0.2 1.1 1.2 -0.3

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.670 156.0 155.9 15.3 1.7 2.1 0.3 -0.1

Organic chemicals

29

2.850 188.0 185.0 19.7 0.6 2.1 2.0 -1.6

Pharmaceutical products

30

3.012 108.7 108.3 -1.0 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.4

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.805 137.1 137.1 6.8 -0.7 0.5 0.5 0.0

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.410 131.5 131.1 4.8 -0.2 0.0 3.8 -0.3

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

2.046 187.1 186.7 19.4 -2.8 0.9 1.1 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

5.324 173.9 175.4 20.5 -0.1 1.4 -1.6 0.9

Plastics and articles thereof

39

4.527 174.5 176.2 22.9 -0.6 1.4 -2.0 1.0

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.797 164.8 164.6 8.7 2.3 1.7 0.2 -0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.619 130.4 130.5 23.5 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.805 144.3 143.9 15.7 0.2 0.5 -1.8 -0.3

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)

47

0.677 167.3 164.8 33.9 0.4 -1.2 -5.7 -1.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.901 135.0 134.9 9.9 0.2 2.1 0.8 -0.1

Textile and textile articles

XI

1.687 139.9 141.7 18.4 1.1 1.7 3.0 1.3

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.629 169.5 174.2 47.6 2.8 4.8 8.5 2.8

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.686 131.6 130.9 -1.1 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.5

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)

70

0.312 99.0 98.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 0.2 -0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

4.093 308.9 310.1 3.3 -1.8 -3.8 1.0 0.4

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.077 211.4 207.8 24.3 0.4 1.7 3.1 -1.7

Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)

72

1.326 166.2 164.9 64.9 1.0 2.1 4.9 -0.8

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.625 273.3 268.2 23.2 -1.6 -0.4 1.5 -1.9

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.964 162.2 148.4 24.8 1.9 5.0 7.7 -8.5

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

24.869 100.7 100.9 3.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

14.894 119.9 120.1 4.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

9.975 80.1 80.3 2.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

11.271 142.5 142.7 3.0 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

7.303 119.9 120.0 2.9 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.314 111.6 111.7 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.165 120.7 120.7 6.2 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.0

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;

94

0.645 140.4 140.5 5.1 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.377 94.4 94.4 8.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: December 2020 to December 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 142.7 141.7 11.1 0.0 1.9 1.1 -0.7

Nonmanufacturing

12.325 278.5 257.9 62.2 3.9 12.0 4.5 -7.4

Manufacturing

86.755 131.7 131.9 6.3 -0.5 0.8 0.5 0.2

Canada

100.000 178.9 174.6 26.3 -0.3 5.7 2.1 -2.4

Nonmanufacturing

31.719 277.5 256.2 64.9 3.9 12.6 4.8 -7.7

Manufacturing

66.932 155.5 155.6 14.2 -1.9 2.9 0.6 0.1

European Union

100.000 146.7 146.7 4.9 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing

98.734 142.3 142.3 4.6 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.0

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 137.6 137.2 5.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 -0.3

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 119.0 119.0 3.5 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 130.6 131.2 6.1 -0.5 0.0 0.8 0.5

Latin America(3)

100.000 162.7 162.0 11.4 0.5 2.0 0.6 -0.4

Nonmanufacturing

14.943 316.4 304.6 38.1 3.0 7.2 0.3 -3.7

Manufacturing

84.801 131.0 131.2 7.9 0.2 1.0 0.7 0.2

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 136.9 136.1 7.0 0.8 1.0 0.4 -0.6

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.577 161.0 149.8 31.9 5.7 3.1 -1.0 -7.0

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

91.189 93.5 93.5 5.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.0

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 102.4 102.8 4.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 102.7 103.3 4.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.6

Japan

100.000 99.0 99.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 105.5 105.8 7.4 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.3

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 94.9 94.7 9.6 0.8 0.7 0.9 -0.2

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 101.6 102.0 3.2 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.4

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 212.1 208.1 31.6 3.8 5.3 -1.9 -1.9

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: December 2020 to December 2021 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 115.7 114.2 9.4 0.7 1.6 0.8 -1.3

Nonmanufacturing

13.326 144.9 134.9 37.2 2.0 8.3 2.3 -6.9

Manufacturing

85.464 112.4 112.0 6.6 0.6 0.9 0.4 -0.4

Canada

100.000 120.5 118.7 12.5 1.2 1.5 0.5 -1.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

10.586 147.9 137.0 37.0 2.3 8.9 0.1 -7.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

88.405 111.4 110.5 10.5 1.0 0.8 0.5 -0.8

European Union

100.000 114.2 113.0 8.1 0.2 1.8 0.6 -1.1

Nonmanufacturing

15.612 142.5 134.9 49.4 3.0 7.9 2.9 -5.3

Manufacturing

83.101 109.4 109.2 3.2 -0.2 0.8 0.3 -0.2

Germany

100.000 107.3 107.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Latin America(3)

100.000 123.7 119.2 20.8 -0.2 2.7 0.2 -3.6

Nonmanufacturing

11.116 182.4 158.3 35.9 1.1 5.6 0.4 -13.2

Manufacturing

88.443 118.9 116.0 19.1 -0.3 2.2 0.3 -2.4

Mexico

100.000 125.0 121.3 22.2 -0.2 2.1 0.3 -3.0

Nonmanufacturing

9.817 181.0 153.4 32.9 2.0 9.3 -0.7 -15.2

Manufacturing

89.849 121.1 119.2 21.4 -0.4 1.4 0.3 -1.6

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 115.3 113.8 12.6 0.3 1.2 1.2 -1.3

Nonmanufacturing

19.741 138.8 134.4 45.6 -0.2 4.2 5.6 -3.2

Manufacturing

77.504 109.7 108.9 6.1 0.4 0.6 0.4 -0.7

China

100.000 111.8 110.2 9.4 -0.4 0.8 1.1 -1.4

Nonmanufacturing

15.423 118.2 116.3 28.8 -2.2 1.7 4.3 -1.6

Manufacturing

82.130 111.4 109.9 5.8 0.1 0.6 0.5 -1.3

Japan

100.000 115.2 112.9 10.7 0.7 1.1 1.1 -2.0

Nonmanufacturing

24.887 138.8 132.1 39.3 -0.7 6.1 3.7 -4.8

Manufacturing

73.537 107.9 106.8 4.4 1.2 0.1 0.3 -1.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: December 2020 to December 2021(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Industrialized Countries(2)

99.2 98.6 -1.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6

Canada

88.5 89.3 -11.0 1.5 -4.0 -1.6 0.9

European Union

104.8 103.7 3.2 0.0 2.2 0.4 -1.0

Germany

103.8 103.8 -3.5 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0

Latin America(3)

113.2 109.6 8.4 -0.7 0.7 -0.4 -3.2

Mexico

117.8 115.0 14.2 -1.0 1.0 -0.1 -2.4

Pacific Rim(4)

110.8 108.9 7.6 -0.1 0.8 0.9 -1.7

China

109.0 106.8 4.6 -0.6 0.7 0.8 -2.0

Japan

111.1 108.9 8.7 0.6 1.1 1.0 -2.0

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: December 2020 to December 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2021
Dec.
2021
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2020
to
Dec.
2021
Aug.
2021
to
Sep.
2021
Sep.
2021
to
Oct.
2021
Oct.
2021
to
Nov.
2021
Nov.
2021
to
Dec.
2021

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 408.5 354.8 10.6 4.4 4.6 14.1 -13.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

25.167 302.1 301.9 24.7 0.5 2.8 17.6 -0.1

Asia

74.833 424.5 349.7 1.8 6.1 4.8 12.9 -17.6

Export Air Freight

100.000 175.2 172.9 4.3 0.8 1.5 0.4 -1.3

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

28.728 149.7 152.4 3.3 1.7 1.0 -0.2 1.8

Asia (Dec. 2011=100)

49.221 130.8 128.1 7.0 0.0 2.0 0.8 -2.1

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 291.6 277.7 14.0 3.6 4.2 9.0 -4.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

25.454 203.4 202.6 20.0 0.6 2.0 14.3 -0.4

Asia

74.546 301.4 282.5 9.4 5.4 4.6 7.3 -6.3

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 248.7 252.1 66.5 -37.8 1.4 63.3 1.4

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

19.583 167.0 172.2 2.9 2.0 0.5 -0.9 3.1

Asia

66.980 334.8 339.2 134.4 -57.6 2.5 138.6 1.3

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 166.3 174.7 11.1 4.7 -1.4 0.2 5.1

Europe

44.891 183.4 172.4 25.0 12.5 2.0 1.4 -6.0

Asia

25.813 152.0 170.8 -14.9 -7.7 -2.3 -4.0 12.4

Latin America/Caribbean

6.517 121.0 161.0 33.4 -9.0 0.9 5.7 33.1

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 167.7 171.5 11.9 -8.8 -2.3 0.9 2.3

Europe

29.052 203.0 205.3 13.6 0.4 -0.7 0.7 1.1

Asia

29.803 181.1 188.2 14.5 -16.1 -3.4 -0.5 3.9

Latin America/Caribbean

20.995 143.9 153.6 9.6 -9.2 -1.5 -0.1 6.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.

Last Modified Date: January 14, 2022