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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until					USDL-25-0023
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, January 16, 2025

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


			U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - DECEMBER 2024

U.S. import prices advanced 0.1 percent in December following a 0.1-percent increase in each of the 
previous 2 months, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Higher fuel and nonfuel prices in 
December contributed to the overall rise in import prices. Prices for U.S. exports increased 0.3 percent in 
December, after being unchanged the previous month.

Imports 

Prices for U.S. imports ticked up 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month in December. U.S. import 
prices have not risen by more than 0.1 percent since a 0.9-percent advance in April 2024. The price index 
for U.S. imports advanced 2.2 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since the 
index rose 3.2 percent for the year ended December 2022. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: The price index for import fuel rose 1.4 percent in December, the largest monthly advance 
since the index increased 3.9 percent in April 2024. Higher prices for natural gas and petroleum contributed 
to the advance in fuel prices. Import fuel prices rose 0.3 percent over the past 12 months, the first over-the-
year increase since July 2024. Natural gas prices advanced 40.6 percent in December and 173.1 percent over 
the final quarter of 2024. Despite the increase over the past 3 months, prices for natural gas fell 5.2 percent 
for the year ended in December. Prices for import petroleum rose 0.3 percent in December, after advancing 
0.4 percent in November. Petroleum prices advanced 0.7 percent from December 2023 to December 2024, 
the first 12-month increase since July 2024. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices ticked up 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month 
in December. Prices for nonfuel imports have not decreased on a monthly basis since a 0.2-percent drop in 
May 2024. Higher prices for foods, feeds, and beverages in December more than offset lower prices for 
nonfuel industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, and automotive vehicles. Prices for nonfuel imports 
rose 2.4 percent on a 12-month basis for the third consecutive month in December. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages increased 2.8 percent in December, 
after rising 1.4 percent the previous month. The December advance was the largest 1-month increase since a 
3.3-percent rise in January 2022. Higher prices for vegetables, fruit, and coffee led the December advance in 
foods, feeds, and beverages prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 
decreased 0.4 percent in December, the largest monthly decline since a 0.5-percent drop in February 2024. 
Lower prices for unfinished metals and finished metals in December drove the decline in nonfuel industrial 
supplies and materials prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods import categories were mostly down in December. 
Prices for capital goods fell 0.2 percent, the largest monthly decline since March 2024. The December 
decrease was led by lower prices for industrial and service machinery and computers, peripherals, and 
semiconductors. Automotive vehicles prices declined 0.2 percent in December, the largest 1-month drop 
since March 2023. The December decrease was driven by lower prices for parts, engines, bodies, and 
chassis. The price index for import consumer goods was unchanged for the second consecutive month in 
December.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2023

December

-0.7 -8.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7

2024

January

0.7 1.7 0.6 0.7 -1.4 0.9

February

0.2 1.1 0.1 0.7 0.8 0.7

March

0.6 5.0 0.2 0.1 -1.0 0.3

April

0.9 3.9 0.6 0.7 -0.4 0.8

May

-0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.7 0.3 -0.8

June

0.1 -1.7 0.2 -0.3 1.1 -0.4

July

0.1 0.0 0.2 0.5 -2.0 0.8

August

-0.3 -3.3 0.0 -0.7 -1.9 -0.6

September

-0.4 -7.2 0.2 -0.6 0.8 -0.7

October

0.1 (r)-1.1 0.2 1.0 1.9 (r)0.9

November

0.1 (r)0.9 (r)0.1 0.0 (r)0.1 (r)0.0

December

0.1 1.4 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.3

Dec. 2022 to 2023

-2.4 -16.3 -0.8 -2.9 -8.7 -2.1

Dec. 2023 to 2024

2.2 0.3 2.4 1.8 -1.2 2.2

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports 

The price index for U.S. exports advanced 0.3 percent in December, after being unchanged in November 
and increasing 1.0 percent in October. Higher prices for nonagricultural and agricultural exports each 
contributed to the December increase in U.S. export prices. Prices for U.S. exports rose 1.8 percent from 
December 2023 to December 2024, the largest 12-month advance for the index since a 2.0-percent increase 
in January 2023. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices rose 0.5 percent in December following a 0.1-percent 
advance the previous month. Higher prices for fruit, nuts, and corn in December more than offset lower 
meat prices. Despite the recent increases, prices for agricultural exports declined 1.2 percent over the past 
12 months. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports advanced 0.3 percent in December, 
after being unchanged the previous month. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials and automotive vehicles more than offset lower capital goods prices. Nonagricultural export prices 
increased 2.2 percent for the year ended in December, the largest 12-month rise since a 3.9-percent advance 
in December 2022.  

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 
advanced 0.8 percent in December following a 0.1-percent decline in November. The December increase 
was driven by higher fuel prices. Prices for export fuel rose 3.2 percent in December, the largest 1-month 
advance since July 2024.  

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in December. The price 
index for capital goods edged down 0.1 percent following a 0.1-percent advance in November. Lower prices 
for industrial and service machinery and telecommunications equipment in December led the decline in 
capital goods prices. In contrast, prices for automotive vehicles increased 0.2 percent in December, after 
advancing 0.1 percent the previous month. The December rise was driven by higher prices for passenger 
cars. Export consumer goods prices were unchanged for the second consecutive month in December. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China were unchanged in December, after edging down 
0.1 percent the previous month. The price index for imports from China decreased 0.6 percent for the year 
ended in December. Import prices from Japan declined 0.2 percent for the second consecutive month in 
December. Prices for imports from Japan fell 0.3 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month decrease 
since August 2020. The price index for imports from the European Union declined 0.2 percent in December, 
after being unchanged in November. Despite the December drop, import prices from the European Union 
rose 1.9 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for imports from Canada and Mexico each advanced 0.7 
percent in December. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China were unchanged in December following a 
0.1-percent decline in November. Export prices to China fell 0.5 percent on a 12-month basis for the second 
consecutive month in December. The price index for exports to Japan declined 0.8 percent in December, 
after decreasing 0.4 percent the previous month. In spite of the recent declines, export prices to Japan rose 
3.1 percent for the year ended in December. The price index for exports to the European Union decreased 
0.3 percent for the second consecutive month in December. Despite the recent declines, prices for exports to 
the European Union increased 2.4 percent from December 2023 to December 2024. Export prices to Canada 
and Mexico each rose 0.3 percent in December, after falling 0.5 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively, the 
previous month. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China were 
unchanged for the second consecutive month in December. The index for U.S. terms of trade with China 
increased 0.2 percent over the past 12 months. U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 0.6 percent in December, 
after declining 0.2 percent the previous month. Lower export prices to Japan in December more than offset 
lower import prices from Japan. Despite the recent drops, U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 3.4 percent 
over the past year. The index for U.S. terms of trade with the European Union edged down 0.1 percent in 
December following a 0.4-percent decline in November. U.S. terms of trade with Canada and Mexico each 
decreased 0.4 percent in December. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 10.6 percent in December, after falling 4.8 percent the previous 
month. Higher European, Asian, and Latin American/Caribbean fares in December all contributed to the 
overall advance in import air passenger fares. The index for import air passenger fares increased over the 
past 12 months, rising 1.0 percent from December 2023 to December 2024. In contrast, import air freight 
prices decreased 0.8 percent in December following a 1.4-percent advance in November. Lower Asian air 
freight prices in December more than offset higher European air freight prices. Despite the December drop, 
prices for import air freight increased 2.0 percent over the past year. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares rose 0.2 percent in December, after declining 0.8 percent in November. 
Higher Latin American/Caribbean fares in December more than offset lower Asian and European fares. 
Export air passenger fares increased 1.8 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance 
since the index rose 4.2 percent for the year ended June 2023. The price index for export air freight fell 5.6 
percent in December, the largest monthly decline since March 2023. Export air freight prices decreased 2.1 
percent for the year ended in December. 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for January 2025 are scheduled for release on Friday, 
February 14, 2025, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
		     Upcoming Change to Data Source for Import and Export Price Indexes

With the release of the February 2025 U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes news release on March 18, 
2025, BLS import and export price indexes will greatly expand the use of data from a non-survey source. 
Administrative trade records from the U.S. Census Bureau will be used in place of survey data for certain 
goods categories. This transition to an alternative data source will not create a break in series with currently 
published price indexes. Hundreds more detailed import and export price indexes will begin publication, 
starting with a base period of January 2025 = 100. More information is available at 
www.bls.gov/mxp/notices/2024/change-data-source-import-export-price-indexes.htm. 
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for End Use categories of goods: December 2023 to December 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

All commodities

  100.000 141.3 141.5 2.2 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  84.907 109.6 109.4 1.9 0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.2

All imports excluding petroleum

  92.806 125.8 126.0 2.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  92.377 129.8 129.9 2.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

7.469 228.0 234.4 9.2 0.3 -0.8 1.4 2.8

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

6.118 257.8 265.7 9.7 0.2 -1.0 1.7 3.1

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.351 155.9 158.2 7.0 1.0 0.5 -0.2 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials

1

22.891 242.1 242.5 3.2 -2.0 0.4 0.2 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  15.715 206.8 207.2 4.3 0.8 1.4 0.1 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  15.256 232.8 231.9 4.8 0.9 1.2 -0.2 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  9.894 230.2 228.2 6.4 1.3 1.7 0.0 -0.9

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  5.803 179.1 182.6 1.1 -0.1 0.8 0.3 2.0

Fuels & lubricants

10

7.623 261.8 265.4 0.3 -7.2 -1.1 0.9 1.4

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

7.194 282.8 283.7 0.7 -7.4 -1.6 0.4 0.3

Crude petroleum

10000

4.824 285.1 286.7 -0.3 -7.0 0.0 -2.2 0.6

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.277 132.9 170.5 -7.3 -4.7 16.2 17.9 28.3

Natural gas

10110

0.192 111.1 156.2 -5.2 -12.7 39.3 39.4 40.6

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.532 139.4 139.3 -0.7 -1.4 0.4 -2.2 -0.1

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

4.842 197.8 198.8 2.1 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.5

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

3.652 340.3 334.9 7.2 1.5 3.3 -0.9 -1.6

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

2.873 242.6 239.2 9.7 1.9 1.6 0.4 -1.4

Capital goods

2

28.567 93.9 93.7 0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.622 84.6 84.4 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

1.642 157.9 157.6 3.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

13.709 122.1 121.9 2.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2 digit (Dec. 2023=100)

30

13.709 102.5 102.3 2.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

27.363 110.8 110.8 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured

40

13.717 128.0 128.0 2.2 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Durables, manufactured

41

12.722 95.2 94.9 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

0.924 117.9 120.6 -2.7 1.9 0.5 -0.9 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for End Use categories of goods: December 2023 to December 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

All commodities

  100.000 148.8 149.2 1.8 -0.6 1.0 0.0 0.3

Agricultural commodities

  9.414 226.8 227.9 -1.2 0.8 1.9 0.1 0.5

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  76.469 117.5 117.2 2.6 0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.3

All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)

  85.154 101.5 101.3 2.3 0.3 0.7 0.1 -0.2

Nonagricultural commodities

  90.586 142.7 143.1 2.2 -0.7 0.9 0.0 0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

8.685 230.7 232.0 -0.2 1.0 1.9 0.0 0.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.277 232.1 233.4 -0.6 1.0 1.9 -0.1 0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.407 203.1 203.1 8.6 1.3 1.8 1.2 0.0

Industrial supplies & materials

1

37.845 197.5 199.0 2.9 -1.9 1.8 -0.1 0.8

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2020=100)

  23.025 122.5 121.5 5.7 0.7 1.5 0.2 -0.8

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  11.832 231.2 228.2 8.4 0.9 2.8 0.4 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  26.013 182.5 185.6 0.8 -3.2 1.3 -0.2 1.7

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.111 201.2 200.7 -5.7 -0.5 1.9 2.0 -0.2

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  36.734 197.5 199.0 3.3 -2.0 1.8 -0.1 0.8

Fuels & lubricants

11

14.846 218.4 225.3 -1.0 -5.7 2.3 -0.3 3.2

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

21.122 205.6 203.8 6.5 0.7 1.5 0.0 -0.9

Selected building materials

13

0.766 152.6 153.3 1.9 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5

Capital goods

2

31.926 124.0 123.9 2.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.680 103.2 103.1 1.4 0.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

5.696 221.7 221.7 4.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

8.774 130.3 130.5 2.7 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2

Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)

30

8.774 102.5 102.7 2.7 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.770 117.9 117.9 -0.8 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured

40

6.778 107.9 107.8 -2.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

4.881 121.6 121.7 1.7 0.4 -0.3 0.2 0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.111 122.1 122.1 -3.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for NAICS industries: December 2023 to December 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Nonmanufacturing

  7.742 144.6 150.8 4.9 -4.7 0.2 -0.1 4.3

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

2.334 250.0 269.7 17.3 0.7 -0.9 1.9 7.9

Crop production

111

1.955 263.8 288.5 18.4 0.4 -1.8 3.2 9.4

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)

112

0.247 121.1 122.8 11.2 1.9 1.9 -7.1 1.4

Mining

21

5.408 131.3 135.0 0.2 -6.8 0.7 -1.0 2.8

Oil and gas extraction

211

5.148 128.9 132.5 -0.2 -7.1 0.7 -0.8 2.8

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)

212

0.260 118.2 120.8 9.9 0.0 0.2 -2.9 2.2

Manufacturing

  91.957 123.3 123.1 1.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 1

31

12.020 141.0 141.8 2.9 0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.6

Food manufacturing

311

4.481 197.1 200.2 8.7 0.3 -0.4 1.6 1.6

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.180 143.4 143.8 1.6 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.3

Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)

313

0.325 102.5 102.1 2.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.4

Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100)

314

0.888 99.8 99.7 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.497 118.8 118.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 2

32

18.878 141.7 141.4 1.1 -0.9 -0.7 0.6 -0.2

Paper manufacturing

322

0.991 120.5 120.5 -1.7 -1.9 0.2 -1.3 0.0

Printing and related support activities (Dec. 2023=100)

323

0.147 100.7 100.7 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

2.180 132.3 129.3 1.7 -8.8 -4.7 6.7 -2.3

Chemical manufacturing

325

11.033 150.8 150.7 0.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.545 131.9 131.0 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.7

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

1.097 145.1 145.5 0.6 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3

Manufacturing, part 3

33

61.060 114.3 113.9 1.7 0.4 0.4 -0.1 -0.3

Primary metal manufacturing

331

5.157 246.6 242.9 11.5 1.6 3.4 0.0 -1.5

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.189 146.0 145.6 -0.7 0.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.972 132.3 132.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

16.566 72.7 72.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

6.191 124.2 123.8 -1.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

14.122 121.0 120.8 2.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.876 129.3 128.9 1.3 0.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.987 131.8 131.4 2.6 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for NAICS industries: December 2023 to December 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Nonmanufacturing

  13.550 161.5 169.9 0.1 -2.5 2.1 -0.1 5.2

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

4.286 175.6 178.2 -6.7 0.8 3.4 -0.7 1.5

Crop production

111

4.141 185.2 188.8 -6.4 1.1 3.4 -0.3 1.9

Mining

21

9.263 101.6 108.6 3.4 -3.9 1.6 0.2 6.9

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)

211

7.995 89.8 97.1 4.7 -4.7 1.8 0.6 8.1

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.269 129.4 128.6 -4.0 -0.1 0.5 -1.7 -0.6

Manufacturing

  84.744 135.6 135.0 1.7 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.4

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.525 173.2 172.0 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3 -0.7

Food manufacturing

311

4.776 207.4 205.3 1.7 0.8 0.6 0.5 -1.0

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.498 132.6 132.6 -7.5 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing, part 2

32

25.267 132.3 131.2 -0.8 -1.7 0.8 -0.5 -0.8

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.453 126.0 126.8 8.0 -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

5.312 129.8 125.6 -8.3 -8.5 3.9 -1.4 -3.2

Chemical manufacturing

325

14.740 132.9 132.6 0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.261 135.6 135.7 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.732 131.5 131.3 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3

33

52.953 133.4 133.2 3.1 0.3 0.7 0.2 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing

331

5.183 236.1 231.2 16.2 2.1 4.7 1.1 -2.1

Machinery manufacturing

333

9.674 154.0 153.7 2.2 0.1 0.5 -0.1 -0.2

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

12.543 82.9 82.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

13.557 151.5 151.8 3.5 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100)

337

0.360 103.9 104.0 4.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.083 142.0 141.9 1.9 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for Harmonized categories of goods: December 2023 to December 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Live animals; animal products

I

1.514 244.5 246.6 11.1 0.9 0.2 -0.7 0.9

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.444 355.9 353.8 11.1 -0.4 -1.6 1.8 -0.6

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.711 151.5 154.7 14.0 1.3 0.9 -0.7 2.1

Vegetable products

II

2.222 268.6 283.6 8.3 -1.1 -1.0 3.4 5.6

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.618 599.7 640.4 18.4 -7.1 -12.9 16.4 6.8

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.786 128.6 132.6 0.3 -0.3 5.2 -3.5 3.1

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.463 353.5 383.0 24.3 2.1 3.8 4.8 8.3

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.463 153.8 158.3 6.5 1.5 -2.3 4.6 2.9

Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared (Dec. 2023=100)

15

0.463 103.6 106.6 6.6 1.5 -2.3 4.6 2.9

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.573 206.9 210.1 5.7 -0.2 0.0 0.1 1.5

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)

17

0.236 123.4 120.9 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 1.3 -2.0

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.406 211.3 234.4 72.9 -5.0 -0.3 1.0 10.9

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)

19

0.495 100.9 101.1 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.2

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)

21

0.396 94.2 94.4 -6.0 0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.2

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.120 156.5 156.3 1.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Mineral products

V

7.713 269.7 273.5 0.7 -7.3 -0.7 1.0 1.4

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

7.407 262.6 266.2 0.7 -7.6 -0.7 1.2 1.4

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.677 172.2 172.4 0.8 0.1 -0.5 0.1 0.1

Organic chemicals

29

2.169 134.3 134.9 -5.4 -0.1 -1.5 -0.4 0.4

Pharmaceutical products

30

5.611 155.5 155.3 5.1 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.1

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)

31

0.201 57.9 58.5 -7.0 1.4 -0.7 1.0 1.0

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)

32

0.195 100.9 100.8 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.875 111.4 111.3 -4.5 0.5 -0.7 -1.0 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.786 155.5 154.3 0.6 0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.8

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.511 151.7 150.1 -0.2 1.1 -0.1 -0.5 -1.1

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.275 166.1 165.9 2.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Printed matter (Dec. 2023=100)

49

0.168 100.1 100.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.523 120.7 120.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100)

61

1.981 99.1 99.1 -0.9 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.471 128.0 128.1 1.2 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec. 2023=100)

63

0.631 98.4 98.4 -1.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.0

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.444 126.5 126.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.181 123.5 123.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.942 138.0 138.3 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)

68

0.326 100.9 100.8 -0.5 0.6 0.0 -0.4 -0.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)

70

0.347 111.7 111.7 3.6 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

3.556 264.8 258.9 15.0 2.2 3.7 1.3 -2.2

Pearls, precious stones, precious metals jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)

71

3.556 117.7 115.0 15.0 2.3 3.7 1.4 -2.3

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.889 230.5 229.3 0.9 0.5 1.2 -1.2 -0.5

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.700 188.3 187.6 -3.4 0.1 0.0 -1.2 -0.4

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.554 425.3 405.0 7.9 0.7 6.4 -2.9 -4.8

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

1.194 210.3 213.7 14.0 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.409 131.7 131.3 -0.8 0.5 0.2 0.1 -0.3

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.512 142.6 142.2 -0.9 0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

30.443 82.4 82.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.311 90.1 89.9 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

15.132 75.3 75.2 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

11.882 125.0 124.8 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

11.099 123.9 123.8 1.6 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)

88

0.642 111.5 111.7 4.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

4.263 113.1 112.8 3.7 0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.3

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.954 108.5 108.4 3.8 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.569 120.6 120.5 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.551 128.0 127.6 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.3

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.704 106.3 106.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.314 153.4 153.4 3.9 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for Harmonized categories of goods: December 2023 to December 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Live animals; animal products

I

2.119 287.1 282.4 9.2 0.7 2.8 0.3 -1.6

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.409 247.7 243.5 10.4 0.6 1.6 0.7 -1.7

Vegetable products

II

3.911 229.2 233.9 -6.5 1.1 3.2 -0.8 2.1

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.964 168.9 178.9 21.9 3.5 1.3 3.3 5.9

Cereals

10

1.112 226.9 229.7 -6.1 1.9 6.9 -0.2 1.2

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

1.448 213.4 213.8 -19.5 -0.7 2.9 -4.0 0.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.901 182.9 182.0 -3.1 0.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.5

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)

19

0.308 104.4 104.4 4.4 0.1 -0.1 3.4 0.0

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.636 120.5 118.8 -0.3 1.3 -1.6 -0.8 -1.4

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.586 244.9 242.9 -19.5 1.1 -2.3 0.7 -0.8

Mineral products

V

14.611 262.4 271.1 -0.7 -5.6 2.4 -0.4 3.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.466 139.2 138.8 14.4 3.8 4.1 0.4 -0.3

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

13.951 249.7 258.4 -1.1 -6.0 2.4 -0.4 3.5

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

12.613 160.0 159.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.486 105.0 104.8 -2.7 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.830 148.5 148.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

2.372 196.5 196.7 2.4 0.7 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.927 193.7 193.6 11.6 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.487 113.2 114.0 6.3 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2023=100)

44

0.487 105.5 106.3 6.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 0.8

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)

47

0.585 176.2 174.4 10.9 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -1.0

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.526 149.7 150.2 -4.0 0.4 1.2 5.7 0.3

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.750 154.4 154.1 1.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)

70

0.357 115.9 115.3 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.3 -0.5

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

5.716 373.5 366.1 17.3 2.4 4.6 1.5 -2.0

Pearls, precious stones, precious metals; jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)

71

5.716 119.6 117.3 17.3 2.5 4.6 1.4 -1.9

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.507 212.8 209.8 0.5 -0.7 2.1 -0.6 -1.4

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.606 292.8 277.2 8.2 0.4 9.3 -4.2 -5.3

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.758 156.9 158.5 9.7 -2.4 3.1 -0.3 1.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)

83

0.339 106.8 106.8 2.0 -0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

26.632 109.0 108.9 2.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.858 134.9 134.4 2.8 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.4

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

10.774 82.1 82.4 1.5 0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

9.887 157.2 157.5 2.3 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

7.374 131.1 131.5 2.3 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.3

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.798 120.0 120.1 1.1 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100)

90

5.742 101.0 101.0 1.0 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.165 136.2 136.0 1.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi

94

0.588 152.9 153.0 3.5 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.432 114.4 114.0 -3.9 -1.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: December 2023 to December 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 146.9 146.9 2.9 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0

Nonmanufacturing

9.922 233.7 241.5 7.1 -5.6 1.1 0.0 3.3

Manufacturing

89.740 139.7 139.3 2.6 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.3

Canada

100.000 168.3 169.5 2.6 -1.6 0.5 -0.1 0.7

Nonmanufacturing

29.962 226.7 234.5 6.6 -5.9 1.1 0.3 3.4

Manufacturing

69.271 156.7 155.9 1.0 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.5

European Union

100.000 158.8 158.5 1.9 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Manufacturing

99.307 154.4 154.1 1.9 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 159.0 158.1 4.9 -0.1 0.3 0.1 -0.6

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 125.2 124.5 0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.6

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 138.8 139.0 1.8 -0.9 0.2 0.3 0.1

Latin America(3)

100.000 175.1 176.3 3.7 -0.5 0.1 0.3 0.7

Nonmanufacturing

13.079 326.6 348.7 5.6 -1.9 -3.1 0.7 6.8

Manufacturing

86.702 142.1 141.8 3.5 -0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.2

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 149.4 150.4 4.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.4 0.7

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.494 178.0 193.2 15.3 -1.6 -11.1 2.5 8.5

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

91.293 102.0 101.9 3.2 0.0 0.6 0.2 -0.1

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 102.8 102.8 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.0

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 100.4 100.4 -0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Japan

100.000 101.4 101.2 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.2 -0.2

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 111.2 111.0 1.8 0.1 0.2 1.3 -0.2

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 95.6 95.0 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 100.5 100.6 0.5 0.3 0.6 -0.4 0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 211.4 205.5 -1.5 -6.7 3.0 1.6 -2.8

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: December 2023 to December 2024 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 124.3 124.2 3.9 -0.6 1.6 0.1 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing

14.054 137.1 139.9 2.7 -6.1 6.6 -1.9 2.0

Manufacturing

84.282 122.7 122.2 3.8 0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.4

Canada

100.000 128.7 129.1 0.9 -0.5 1.0 -0.5 0.3

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

6.687 123.7 131.8 -4.5 -2.8 4.0 -5.6 6.5

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

91.349 120.5 120.4 0.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.1

European Union

100.000 119.9 119.5 2.4 -1.9 0.8 -0.3 -0.3

Nonmanufacturing

20.733 128.8 128.6 -4.7 -7.4 2.3 -2.7 -0.2

Manufacturing

77.499 118.5 118.2 4.3 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3

Germany

100.000 125.4 125.3 6.5 0.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.1

Latin America(3)

100.000 120.7 120.6 0.0 -1.8 1.2 -0.9 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing

6.940 128.7 142.4 1.0 -1.0 8.0 -6.9 10.6

Manufacturing

92.465 120.2 119.1 -0.1 -1.8 0.6 -0.3 -0.9

Mexico

100.000 121.6 122.0 1.0 -1.4 1.2 -1.3 0.3

Nonmanufacturing

5.538 104.5 124.8 3.9 0.8 15.0 -13.8 19.4

Manufacturing

93.522 123.6 122.6 0.7 -1.5 0.4 -0.5 -0.8

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 113.6 113.5 1.1 -1.0 1.7 -0.4 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing

19.178 111.0 111.4 -3.0 -5.5 5.9 -1.4 0.4

Manufacturing

79.539 115.7 115.7 2.0 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.0

China

100.000 107.6 107.6 -0.5 -0.2 2.4 -0.1 0.0

Nonmanufacturing

22.615 96.7 96.7 -9.5 -2.8 6.3 -1.5 0.0

Manufacturing

75.710 113.5 113.7 2.5 0.6 1.1 0.4 0.2

Japan

100.000 113.3 112.4 3.1 -0.4 2.6 -0.4 -0.8

Nonmanufacturing

20.995 122.8 121.2 2.5 -4.9 9.5 0.7 -1.3

Manufacturing

77.701 110.9 110.2 3.2 0.6 0.9 -0.6 -0.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: December 2023 to December 2024(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Industrialized Countries(2)

103.6 103.5 1.0 -0.3 1.3 0.0 -0.1

Canada

100.5 100.1 -1.7 1.1 0.5 -0.4 -0.4

European Union

101.6 101.5 0.5 -1.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.1

Germany

115.3 115.8 5.9 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.4

Latin America(3)

102.6 101.9 -3.5 -1.3 1.2 -1.3 -0.7

Mexico

105.0 104.6 -3.2 -1.2 1.7 -1.7 -0.4

Pacific Rim(4)

108.7 108.6 0.5 -1.2 1.4 -0.5 -0.1

China

107.3 107.3 0.2 -0.2 2.3 0.0 0.0

Japan

106.7 106.1 3.4 -0.5 2.3 -0.2 -0.6

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: December 2023 to December 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Nov.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Nov.
2024
Dec.
2024
Annual Monthly
Dec.
2023
to
Dec.
2024
Aug.
2024
to
Sep.
2024
Sep.
2024
to
Oct.
2024
Oct.
2024
to
Nov.
2024
Nov.
2024
to
Dec.
2024

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 275.5 273.4 2.0 6.3 -4.1 1.4 -0.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

18.406 156.3 160.8 -12.0 -1.6 7.8 -4.0 2.9

Asia

80.653 307.1 301.0 5.8 8.3 -7.0 2.8 -2.0

Export Air Freight

100.000 182.7 172.4 -2.1 -0.6 4.9 1.2 -5.6

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

26.925 134.4 132.0 1.2 -1.9 4.4 2.4 -1.8

Asia (Dec. 2011=100)

48.531 143.1 135.6 -7.2 -0.4 7.6 -4.3 -5.2

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 196.0 197.7 5.0 4.1 8.0 -2.8 0.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

23.003 138.7 143.6 -2.6 -1.4 8.0 -0.6 3.5

Asia

65.298 204.1 203.8 8.1 6.9 9.2 -6.2 -0.1

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 172.8 165.1 -5.8 -1.7 1.1 2.2 -4.5

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

34.207 163.4 161.5 -1.1 -1.7 0.1 2.1 -1.2

Asia

45.365 192.0 174.0 -11.9 -2.2 2.0 3.2 -9.4

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 173.3 191.6 1.0 13.9 3.9 -4.8 10.6

Europe

48.551 195.5 205.6 6.6 23.8 -4.3 -0.2 5.2

Asia

11.765 158.5 186.7 -5.7 2.0 0.3 2.7 17.8

Latin America/Caribbean

10.215 149.6 172.4 -0.1 -2.1 9.2 3.2 15.2

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 177.7 178.0 1.8 -1.4 0.7 -0.8 0.2

Europe

37.457 216.1 214.3 7.3 2.2 -0.1 -2.3 -0.8

Asia

11.496 175.7 167.0 -12.7 -13.0 -2.5 4.2 -5.0

Latin America/Caribbean

31.440 173.0 180.4 2.9 -1.5 1.9 -1.1 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

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Last Modified Date: January 16, 2025