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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until					USDL-19-0245
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 15, 2019

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                           U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - JANUARY 2019

U.S. import prices fell 0.5 percent in January, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, following 
a 1.0-percent drop in December and a 1.7-percent decrease in November. Both fuel and nonfuel prices 
contributed to the January decline. Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.6 percent for the second consecutive 
month in January.


Imports

Prices for U.S. imports declined 0.5 percent in January and 3.1 percent over the last 3 months. The 3-month 
drop was the largest decrease since the index fell 3.1 percent from July 2015 to October 2015. Import prices 
decreased 1.7 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year decline since the index fell 2.2 
percent in August 2016. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 3.2 percent in January and 22.5 percent over the past 3 months, 
the largest drop over a 3-month period since the index fell 29.2 percent for the 3 months ended in February 
2016. The January drop was primarily driven by a 44.2-percent drop in natural gas prices; petroleum prices 
edged down 0.1 percent. The decline in natural gas prices followed a 138.8-percent increase over the fourth 
quarter of 2018. Fuel prices decreased 14.4 percent over the past year. A 14.5-percent drop in petroleum 
prices and a 20.0-percent decline in prices for natural gas each contributed to the overall decrease in fuel 
prices from January 2018 to January 2019. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports fell 0.2 percent in January. The January 
decrease was led by falling prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; consumer goods; automotive 
vehicles; and foods, feeds, and beverages which more than offset higher prices for capital goods. Import 
prices excluding fuel also declined 0.2 percent over the past year. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials decreased 0.7 
percent in January, driven by lower prices for unfinished metals and chemicals.

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly down in January. Consumer goods prices fell 0.3 
percent and prices for automotive vehicles declined 0.2 percent. Capital goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent.

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 0.3 percent in 
January. An 11.2-percent drop in vegetable prices more than offset an 8.2-percent rise in fruit prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2018

January

0.8 3.3 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.8

February

0.2 -1.8 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.2

March

-0.2 -2.6 0.1 0.4 3.2 0.1

April

0.5 4.0 0.1 0.5 -1.1 0.7

May

0.9 6.1 0.2 0.7 1.6 0.6

June

0.0 2.6 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.3

July

-0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -5.2 0.1

August

-0.4 -2.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.2

September

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.3 0.2

October

0.5 (r)3.3 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.5

November

(r)-1.7 (r)-12.3 -0.3 -0.8 1.7 -1.0

December

-1.0 (r)-8.6 0.0 -0.6 (r)3.8 -1.1

2019

January

-0.5 -3.2 -0.2 -0.6 -2.1 -0.3

Jan. 2017 to 2018

3.4 18.5 1.9 3.3 1.5 3.5

Jan. 2018 to 2019

-1.7 -14.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2

Footnotes
(r) Revised


Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.6 percent in January, after falling 0.6 percent in December and 0.8 
percent in November. Export prices have only recorded one monthly advance since June. In January, both 
nonagricultural prices and agricultural prices contributed to the decline. The price index for overall exports 
decreased 0.2 percent for the year ended in January, the first 12-month decline since the index fell 0.2 
percent in November 2016. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices declined 2.1 percent in January, the largest monthly 
decrease since the index fell 5.2 percent in July. The January drop followed increases of 3.8 percent in 
December and 1.7 percent in November. A 34.6-percent fall in export vegetable prices drove the January 
decline in agricultural prices. Despite the January drop, export agricultural prices advanced 0.2 percent over 
the past year.

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports declined 0.3 percent in 
January, after falling 1.1 percent in December and 1.0 percent in November. Decreasing prices for 
nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and consumer goods more than offset higher prices for 
capital goods and automotive vehicles. Prices for nonagricultural exports fell 0.2 percent from January 2018 
to January 2019, the first decrease over a 12-month period since the index declined 0.2 percent in November 
2016. The drop over the past 12 months was driven by a 2.4-percent decrease in nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials prices. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials decreased 1.4 percent in January following a 3.4-percent decline the previous month. The January 
drop was led by a 3.4-percent decline in fuel prices.

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in January. Prices for capital goods advanced 0.4 
percent, the largest monthly increase for the index since a 0.6-percent rise in April. The price index for 
automotive vehicles ticked up 0.1 percent. In contrast, consumer goods prices fell 0.4 percent, the largest 
decline since the index decreased 1.0 percent in January 2017.


Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China declined 0.3 percent in January, after edging 
down 0.1 percent in each of the 2 previous months. The January decline was the largest monthly drop since 
the index fell 0.3 percent in September 2017. The price index for imports from Canada fell 1.5 percent and 
import prices from Mexico decreased 1.0 percent in January. Lower fuel prices factored into the declines for 
imports from both countries. In contrast, import prices from Japan ticked up 0.1 percent in January 
following 0.1-percent declines in December and November. Prices for imports from the European Union 
increased 0.2 percent in January following declines of 0.1 percent in December and 0.4 percent in 
November. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China declined 0.5 percent in January, after 
decreasing 0.8 percent the previous month. Lower prices for manufactured exports more than offset higher 
nonmanufactured export prices. Prices for exports to Japan fell 1.0 percent in January following a 0.4-
percent drop in December. The January decline was the largest monthly decrease since the index was 
introduced in December 2017. The price index for exports to Canada decreased 2.8 percent in January and 
prices for exports to Mexico declined 1.3 percent over the same period. In contrast, export prices to the 
European Union increased 0.5 percent in January, after falling 0.6 percent the previous month. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China fell 
0.2 percent in January following a 0.7-percent drop in December. For both months, the terms of trade fell 
because export prices to China declined at a higher rate than import prices from China. The U.S. terms of 
trade with Japan decreased 1.1 percent in January, the largest monthly decline since the index was first 
published in December 2017. Lower export prices to Japan and rising import prices from Japan both 
contributed to the January drop in the terms of trade. The index of U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 1.4 
percent in January following a 4.7-percent increase in December and a 7.7-percent rise in November. The 
U.S. terms of trade with Mexico declined 0.2 percent in January. In contrast, the U.S. terms of trade with the 
European Union rose 0.2 percent in January. (See table 9.)


Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares declined 3.8 percent in January, after a 7.6-percent advance the 
previous month. In January, the decrease was driven by a 12.3-percent drop in Asian fares and a 16.7-
percent fall in Latin American/Caribbean fares. Despite the January drop, import air passenger fares rose 1.2 
percent over the past 12 months. The price index for import air freight fell 1.1 percent in January following 
a 3.2-percent drop in December. Despite the recent declines, import air freight prices increased 4.7 percent 
for the year ended in January. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares rose 7.0 percent in January, the largest monthly advance 
since the index rose 7.9 percent in December 2016. The increase was led by a 14.6-percent rise in Latin 
American/Caribbean fares and a 12.5-percent advance in Asian fares. Export air passenger fares fell 2.9 
percent over the past year. Export air freight prices increased 1.5 percent in January and 5.2 percent over the 
past 12 months.  

Import and Export Price Index data for February are scheduled for release on Thursday, March 14, 2019 at 
8:30 a.m. (EDT).


Impact of the Temporary Lapse in Government Spending 

The temporary lapse in government appropriations impacted some of the prices collected by the 
International Price Program. Farm Services Data published monthly by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 
(USDA) and used to calculate export price indexes were not available for soybeans, corn, wheat, sorghum, 
and barley. The January prices for those products were estimated using price data from another USDA 
survey produced by the Agricultural Marketing Service. The related detailed price indexes for January thus 
do not meet the International Price Program criteria for publication. The estimates will not impact the 
accuracy of the price indexes at broader product categories.   

The following detailed product category indexes are solely or mostly derived from estimated prices and will 
not be published in January. The indexes for export grains will resume publication with the February 
indexes released on March 14, 2019. 

Bureau of Economic Analysis End Use Classification System

Q000 - Wheat and Rice
Q00000 - Wheat
Q001 - Soybeans & Other Oil Seeds
Q00100 - Soybeans and Soybean by-Products, Prior to the Extraction of Oil
Q00200 - Corn
Q00210 - Other Feedgrains

Harmonized Classification System

D10 - Cereals
D1001 - Wheat and Meslin
D1005 - Corn (Maize)
D12 - Oilseeds and Miscellaneous Grains, Seeds, Fruits, Plants, Straw and Fodder
D1201 - Soybeans, Whether or not Broken

North American Industry Classification System 

Y1111 - Oilseed and Grain Farming
Y11111 - Soybean Farming
Y11114 - Wheat Farming
Y11115 - Corn Farming


Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to January 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

All commodities

  100.000 124.9 124.3 -1.7 0.5 -1.7 -1.0 -0.5

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  84.606 100.1 99.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

All imports excluding petroleum

  91.399 113.7 112.9 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.7

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  90.645 117.2 117.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

6.039 179.3 178.7 -2.0 1.9 -2.1 0.1 -0.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

4.707 196.7 195.6 -2.5 2.4 -2.7 0.5 -0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.332 139.9 140.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.5 0.5

Industrial supplies & materials

1

23.606 181.3 178.2 -6.4 1.5 -5.8 -3.8 -1.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  15.295 161.2 155.8 -0.9 0.5 1.4 1.3 -3.3

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  14.247 177.9 176.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  8.886 167.3 166.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  6.057 153.6 143.2 -0.2 2.0 4.3 2.7 -6.8

Fuels & lubricants

10

9.355 188.2 182.2 -14.4 3.3 -12.3 -8.6 -3.2

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

8.601 196.3 196.2 -14.5 2.9 -15.1 -10.7 -0.1

Crude

10000

5.892 192.7 194.8 -19.2 2.8 -18.7 -12.6 1.1

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.754 171.6 104.6 -18.9 14.6 43.7 19.9 -39.0

Gas-natural

10110

0.652 161.4 90.0 -20.0 17.9 60.1 26.5 -44.2

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.598 124.9 124.7 12.0 0.6 0.2 1.0 -0.2

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

4.766 162.7 161.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.9 -1.0

Selected building materials

13

1.515 144.5 143.6 -4.5 -4.8 -1.4 0.8 -0.6

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

3.796 232.7 229.5 -2.0 1.1 -0.7 0.5 -1.4

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

1.804 160.0 159.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.772 113.9 114.2 3.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.3

Capital goods

2

28.200 89.1 89.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Electric generating equipment

20

3.412 118.3 118.6 1.4 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.513 81.5 81.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

2.275 134.7 136.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

15.861 110.5 110.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

26.294 107.4 107.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Nondurables, manufactured

40

12.456 123.2 123.2 1.5 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Durables, manufactured

41

12.562 92.4 92.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

1.276 117.7 117.0 1.1 -0.2 0.4 1.8 -0.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to January 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

All commodities

  100.000 126.1 125.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6

Agricultural commodities

  9.789 182.7 178.8 0.2 -0.1 1.7 3.8 -2.1

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  80.326 101.3 101.3 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Nonagricultural commodities

  90.181 121.7 121.3 -0.2 0.5 -1.0 -1.1 -0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

9.085 185.3 181.4 0.7 0.2 1.9 3.8 -2.1

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.470 183.7 179.6 0.5 0.2 2.0 4.0 -2.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.615 215.7 216.3 3.9 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials

1

32.388 156.1 154.0 -2.3 1.4 -2.8 -3.2 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.143 162.8 163.3 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  22.246 153.2 150.0 -3.0 2.1 -4.3 -4.6 -2.1

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.319 181.9 179.1 -2.1 -2.5 0.1 2.2 -1.5

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  31.069 155.3 153.2 -2.4 1.5 -2.9 -3.4 -1.4

Fuels & lubricants

11

10.589 183.3 177.0 -8.0 4.0 -8.6 -8.4 -3.4

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

19.494 158.2 157.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.9 -0.3

Selected building materials

13

0.986 120.7 122.0 0.4 -1.0 -0.4 -0.5 1.1

Capital goods

2

35.892 110.0 110.4 1.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.747 117.1 117.1 1.5 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery

21

23.632 94.8 95.0 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

8.513 177.7 179.2 3.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

10.158 114.0 114.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.477 109.8 109.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4

Nondurables, manufactured

40

5.855 106.4 106.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

5.171 107.6 106.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.8

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.451 100.0 100.0 - - - - 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January 2018 to January 2019 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Nonmanufacturing

  8.683 100.2 98.5 -14.6 3.7 -12.9 -7.1 -1.7

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

1.960 182.0 179.4 -4.9 5.4 -5.0 1.7 -1.4

Crop production

111

1.593 196.1 192.1 -5.2 6.8 -6.0 2.3 -2.0

Mining

21

6.723 90.8 89.2 -17.0 3.3 -14.9 -9.3 -1.8

Oil and gas extraction

211

6.486 90.3 88.6 -17.7 3.4 -15.4 -9.5 -1.9

Manufacturing

  90.989 111.7 111.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.253 124.9 125.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Food manufacturing

311

3.392 154.3 154.2 -1.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.125 122.1 121.8 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)

313

0.370 100.2 99.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.3

Textile product mills

314

0.941 109.1 109.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.774 112.2 112.6 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.4

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.650 123.6 123.9 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2

32

17.686 126.3 125.3 0.9 0.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8

Paper manufacturing

322

1.084 116.4 116.2 9.0 0.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

2.455 95.4 93.6 0.0 3.1 -5.6 -6.3 -1.9

Chemical manufacturing

325

9.745 140.5 139.5 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.7

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.302 120.1 119.6 1.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

1.040 130.8 130.5 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3

33

62.050 104.5 104.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.395 155.3 153.9 -0.3 1.2 -0.6 0.6 -0.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.146 126.9 126.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.325 118.4 118.9 0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.4

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

17.812 74.5 74.2 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

5.156 116.5 116.8 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.864 109.6 109.5 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.897 117.7 117.6 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.453 119.0 119.2 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January 2018 to January 2019 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Nonmanufacturing

  9.595 140.6 135.6 -3.1 -0.2 -1.0 3.6 -3.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

5.030 158.1 152.6 -1.5 -0.3 2.6 6.1 -3.5

Crop production

111

4.695 166.2 160.0 -0.5 -0.1 3.1 6.7 -3.7

Mining

21

4.565 91.3 88.0 -5.4 0.0 -6.1 -0.1 -3.6

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.339 117.2 118.6 7.4 0.4 1.5 1.1 1.2

Manufacturing

  89.098 115.8 115.7 0.5 0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.766 140.3 140.1 1.0 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1

Food manufacturing

311

4.583 156.8 156.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.2

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.674 125.9 125.7 8.1 -0.6 -0.2 3.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 2

32

24.966 113.9 112.8 -1.3 1.8 -2.9 -4.0 -1.0

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.543 101.5 102.9 2.5 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 1.4

Paper manufacturing

322

1.809 134.0 131.2 4.7 0.3 0.0 0.8 -2.1

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

5.886 103.7 100.3 -10.4 5.8 -9.7 -12.7 -3.3

Chemical manufacturing

325

13.401 118.7 118.6 1.5 0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.261 115.8 115.8 1.6 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.838 116.6 116.6 1.9 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3

33

57.365 114.2 114.5 1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing

331

3.952 143.6 144.7 1.4 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.8

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

2.900 143.2 145.8 5.4 0.6 0.8 0.1 1.8

Machinery manufacturing

333

9.440 128.1 128.6 2.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

13.974 82.8 82.7 -1.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.807 117.8 117.9 2.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

17.508 127.4 127.9 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)

337

0.391 120.7 120.7 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.393 120.7 119.8 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to January 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Live animals; animal products

I

1.369 191.2 191.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 0.1

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.352 243.0 246.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 1.5 1.2

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.731 138.7 138.8 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 -2.2 0.1

Vegetable products

II

1.918 215.5 210.9 -6.0 6.5 -5.9 1.9 -2.1

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.542 555.9 474.6 -6.3 40.2 -8.0 12.3 -14.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.639 112.3 122.5 -6.3 -2.4 -11.3 -4.2 9.1

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.348 207.3 204.5 -6.3 1.5 2.1 -0.7 -1.4

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.239 89.8 90.9 -20.5 -2.3 -3.4 -2.6 1.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.856 165.6 165.8 2.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.224 96.8 96.0 1.7 -1.7 0.5 -0.4 -0.8

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants

20

0.374 174.8 174.6 4.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.077 132.3 132.0 1.4 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Mineral products

V

9.362 188.8 182.9 -13.6 3.2 -12.3 -8.4 -3.1

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

9.069 185.9 179.9 -14.3 3.4 -12.7 -8.6 -3.2

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

9.061 158.3 157.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.607 343.5 322.0 4.0 2.4 2.9 -0.2 -6.3

Organic chemicals

29

2.059 128.6 127.5 -1.8 -1.0 -0.8 -2.0 -0.9

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.343 151.9 150.9 1.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.7

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100)

31

0.303 91.4 90.8 11.5 8.0 1.9 -0.5 -0.7

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec. 2016=100)

33

0.601 102.9 102.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.599 105.5 107.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -1.1 1.6

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.519 141.2 141.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.376 145.4 144.9 1.5 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.3

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.144 135.1 135.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.3

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel goods, etc

VIII

0.625 125.0 125.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials

42

0.595 131.2 131.9 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork

IX

0.875 148.9 147.3 -8.4 -7.3 -3.7 1.2 -1.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.130 122.5 122.7 9.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.2

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.744 111.9 111.6 7.5 0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.3

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.917 114.6 114.8 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted

61

1.983 104.8 105.3 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.645 120.5 120.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles

63

0.652 103.7 103.7 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.372 122.8 123.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.139 121.8 122.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.950 131.6 131.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3

Ceramic products

69

0.269 136.1 135.8 -0.5 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

2.649 172.5 176.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 2.5

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.995 178.8 176.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.9 -0.2 -1.3

Iron and steel

72

1.419 228.2 221.7 5.9 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -2.8

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.741 150.9 150.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.455 285.4 277.1 -9.5 5.6 -1.3 1.1 -2.9

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

1.036 135.1 132.8 -3.3 0.7 -2.6 -0.3 -1.7

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.446 124.1 123.9 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.525 137.3 137.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

30.480 80.2 80.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.169 86.6 86.7 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

15.310 74.2 74.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

14.066 114.2 113.9 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

12.872 113.2 113.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2002=100)

88

1.085 115.1 114.9 -1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

4.035 102.4 101.9 -1.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.765 99.0 98.4 -1.6 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.6

Clocks and watches and parts thereof

91

0.209 141.4 142.1 -0.3 0.8 -1.0 -0.4 0.5

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.503 113.0 113.1 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.822 118.8 118.8 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.407 103.5 103.7 2.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.275 130.1 129.6 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.4

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to January 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Live animals; animal products

I

1.914 208.1 208.2 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.120 161.5 161.2 -3.3 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.2

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)

03

0.404 119.3 120.0 4.6 0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.6

Vegetable products

II

4.752 206.4 197.0 1.0 0.4 3.4 8.3 -4.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.959 136.4 141.6 -3.7 -1.5 6.3 -0.7 3.8

Cereals

10

- 194.7 - - 0.2 0.8 1.2 -

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

- 188.7 - - 0.2 2.2 3.1 -

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.979 151.7 152.6 1.9 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.6

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.550 95.2 95.6 -6.1 -0.1 -1.1 -1.4 0.4

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.521 104.5 104.7 -0.5 0.3 -1.3 -0.6 0.2

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.721 222.2 223.8 8.9 -1.9 3.4 1.4 0.7

Mineral products

V

10.660 220.1 212.5 -8.3 3.8 -8.2 -8.1 -3.5

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.403 97.0 95.4 -12.5 0.0 1.0 0.6 -1.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

10.058 211.6 204.1 -8.2 4.1 -8.8 -8.8 -3.5

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.923 138.5 138.5 1.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.0

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.714 143.9 142.7 -14.2 -2.8 -0.7 -2.0 -0.8

Organic chemicals

29

2.657 146.5 149.4 8.0 0.9 -0.1 -2.7 2.0

Pharmaceutical products

30

3.029 106.0 103.9 -2.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -2.0

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100)

32

0.531 101.1 101.6 1.8 0.1 -1.9 0.5 0.5

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.851 130.9 131.9 1.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.483 122.1 123.1 4.1 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.8

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

1.971 155.9 155.8 3.3 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

5.215 143.6 143.7 2.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

4.331 140.6 140.6 2.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 0.0

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.883 155.0 155.3 1.9 0.1 -1.4 -1.3 0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.644 99.0 99.9 -3.2 -2.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.9

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

2.060 135.4 131.8 2.7 2.8 0.6 -1.9 -2.7

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

1.131 131.1 128.2 3.4 0.3 0.2 0.7 -2.2

Textile and textile articles

XI

1.784 124.9 122.4 0.2 -1.1 0.1 0.2 -2.0

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.538 131.8 124.4 -6.0 -4.5 1.3 0.9 -5.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.803 124.7 125.9 2.0 0.0 0.4 -0.1 1.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

4.082 236.8 240.3 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.5

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.733 159.6 159.4 0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 -0.1

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.497 183.8 176.5 -13.1 2.4 -0.8 0.7 -4.0

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.739 108.3 107.8 -8.8 -1.2 0.2 -2.4 -0.5

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.336 152.9 152.9 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

28.041 97.6 97.7 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

16.243 115.4 116.0 1.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

11.799 78.4 78.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.643 135.8 136.0 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

8.328 116.3 116.2 0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.846 109.0 108.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.5

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.375 112.7 112.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;

94

0.762 129.9 129.9 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.450 87.3 87.9 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: January 2018 to January 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 120.3 120.0 -3.1 0.2 -2.6 -0.9 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing

7.000 112.1 107.8 -32.8 1.4 -23.4 -7.0 -3.8

Manufacturing

92.363 120.2 120.3 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.1

Canada

100.000 121.8 120.0 -10.0 0.5 -6.8 -2.4 -1.5

Nonmanufacturing

19.736 104.1 99.7 -35.0 1.3 -24.7 -7.5 -4.2

Manufacturing

79.130 130.2 129.3 -1.5 0.2 -1.2 -1.1 -0.7

European Union

100.000 136.5 136.8 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.2

Manufacturing

98.730 133.0 133.4 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.3

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 127.0 127.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.4 0.2

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 111.9 112.4 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 120.2 120.7 0.5 0.7 -1.3 -0.4 0.4

Latin America(3)

100.000 148.4 147.1 -2.6 1.2 -1.7 -2.2 -0.9

Nonmanufacturing

16.336 252.7 249.8 -7.6 5.5 -8.4 -9.2 -1.1

Manufacturing

83.375 121.8 120.9 -1.4 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.7

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 128.7 127.4 -1.8 0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.654 143.4 133.3 -5.7 5.9 -9.0 -5.5 -7.0

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

91.085 88.2 87.8 -1.5 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.5

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 98.9 98.7 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 99.8 99.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Japan

100.000 96.5 96.6 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 100.0 99.8 - - - - -0.2

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 88.4 87.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 98.0 97.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 182.2 183.0 1.6 2.1 -6.7 -3.3 0.4

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: January 2018 to January 2019 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 103.3 102.3 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.7 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing

9.376 121.2 108.2 1.0 -1.7 2.8 18.4 -10.7

Manufacturing

89.569 102.1 102.1 0.9 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.0

Canada

100.000 107.3 104.3 1.8 0.4 0.3 2.2 -2.8

European Union

100.000 103.3 103.8 1.9 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.5

Nonmanufacturing

7.327 104.9 108.1 6.8 -2.9 2.5 3.7 3.1

Manufacturing

91.582 103.3 103.6 1.7 0.5 0.1 -0.9 0.3

Germany

100.000 101.4 101.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Latin America(3)

100.000 101.6 100.6 -0.9 1.3 -1.5 -1.9 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing

7.684 115.5 107.6 -1.8 2.1 1.2 6.6 -6.8

Manufacturing

91.900 100.7 100.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.8 -2.4 -0.6

Mexico

100.000 101.6 100.3 -0.9 1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.3

Nonmanufacturing

7.089 115.5 102.5 -8.0 1.6 1.5 8.7 -11.3

Manufacturing

92.430 100.6 100.1 -0.5 1.0 -1.4 -1.7 -0.5

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 100.0 99.8 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing

13.833 95.7 96.9 -2.8 -2.1 2.1 3.8 1.3

Manufacturing

83.929 100.8 100.5 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3

China

100.000 98.2 97.7 -3.1 0.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing

20.020 94.5 95.5 -4.7 0.6 2.3 2.9 1.1

Manufacturing

75.734 99.4 98.7 -2.2 0.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.7

Japan

100.000 100.2 99.2 -1.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing

18.258 100.0 100.7 -3.2 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.7

Manufacturing

80.744 100.2 98.7 -1.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.5

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: January 2018 to January 2019(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Industrialized Countries(2)

105.1 104.3 3.8 -0.1 2.5 1.6 -0.8

Canada

115.8 114.2 13.1 -0.1 7.7 4.7 -1.4

European Union

101.9 102.1 0.9 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.2

Germany

104.3 104.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Latin America(3)

101.9 101.8 1.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Mexico

101.8 101.6 1.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2

Pacific Rim(4)

99.5 99.5 -0.9 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0

China

98.5 98.3 -2.5 1.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.2

Japan

99.2 98.1 -2.4 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.1

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: January 2018 to January 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Dec.
2018(1)
Index Percent change
Dec.
2018
Jan.
2019
Annual Monthly
Jan.
2018
to
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2018
to
Oct.
2018
Oct.
2018
to
Nov.
2018
Nov.
2018
to
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2018
to
Jan.
2019

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 188.4 186.4 4.7 2.4 0.7 -3.2 -1.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

25.597 147.9 151.5 4.6 3.2 -0.8 -0.9 2.4

Asia

61.948 182.5 177.6 4.9 2.6 1.5 -4.9 -2.7

Export Air Freight

100.000 164.8 167.3 5.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 1.5

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

31.375 148.8 151.9 3.2 0.1 -0.9 0.5 2.1

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 174.1 173.6 3.4 1.7 0.9 -1.7 -0.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

26.952 135.6 141.5 6.3 1.4 -0.4 -1.0 4.4

Asia

58.743 166.6 161.9 1.8 2.2 1.8 -2.6 -2.8

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 146.0 142.9 1.6 -0.6 1.5 -0.3 -2.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

32.153 149.0 152.1 5.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 2.1

Asia

45.902 144.9 135.9 -0.6 -1.8 3.3 0.0 -6.2

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 197.5 189.9 1.2 0.7 0.7 7.6 -3.8

Europe

53.098 219.7 228.9 -2.2 2.8 2.2 -1.1 4.2

Asia

20.926 157.3 137.9 2.1 0.7 -0.8 19.1 -12.3

Latin America/Caribbean

6.672 177.8 148.1 -5.4 1.7 6.3 10.4 -16.7

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 150.8 161.3 -2.9 -1.8 0.1 1.4 7.0

Europe

30.269 204.7 199.1 3.1 -0.2 1.3 1.9 -2.7

Asia

27.666 133.3 150.0 -0.7 -6.0 1.0 4.1 12.5

Latin America/Caribbean

23.807 147.9 169.5 -6.8 -2.0 1.7 -3.1 14.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.


Last Modified Date: February 15, 2019