Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-21-0436
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                              U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - FEBRUARY 2021                              

U.S. import prices advanced 1.3 percent in February following a 1.4-percent increase in January, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Higher fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to the advances in 
each of the past 2 months. Prices for U.S. exports also rose in February, increasing 1.6 percent, after 
advancing 2.5 percent the previous month.  
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on February 2021 Import and Export Price Index Data
The Bureau of Labor Statistics did not make changes to either the collection method or estimation 
methodology for the February 2021 release of U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes. Survey response rates 
for February were 5.2-percentage points lower than those in February 2020. Additional information is 
available at www.bls.gov/covid19/import-export-price-indexes-covid19-impacts-february-2021.htm.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports increased 1.3 percent in February following a 1.4-percent advance the 
previous month. The January rise was the largest monthly advance since March 2012. With the exception of 
a 0.1-percent downturn in October, import prices have increased each month since April 2020. Prices for 
U.S. imports rose 3.0 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month advance since the index increased 3.4 
percent from October 2017 to October 2018. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel advanced 11.1 percent in February, after increasing 9.0 percent in 
January, 7.3 percent in December, and 4.4 percent in November. The February rise was the largest advance   
since the index increased 15.2 percent in July 2020. An 11.3-percent rise in petroleum prices and an 11.2- 
percent advance in natural gas prices each contributed to the February increase in import fuel prices. The 
price index for import fuel rose 6.5 percent over the past year, the first 12-month advance since a 13.2-
percent increase in January 2020. Prices for petroleum imports rose 5.5 percent for the year ended in 
February and natural gas prices advanced 44.8 percent over the same period.  
 
All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices increased 0.4 percent in February following advances 
of 0.9 percent in January and 0.4 percent in December. In February, higher prices for nonfuel industrial 
supplies and materials; foods, feeds, and beverages; capital goods; consumer goods; and automotive 
vehicles all contributed to the rise in nonfuel import prices. Prices for nonfuel imports increased 2.8 percent 
over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance since the index rose 2.9 percent in January 2012.     

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices increased 1.5 
percent in February, after advancing 4.4 percent the previous month. The February rise was led by a 2.2-
percent increase in chemical prices and a 1.7-percent advance in unfinished metal prices.     

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories rose in February. The price indexes 
for capital goods, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles all ticked up 0.1 percent.    

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for import foods, feeds, and beverages advanced 1.6 percent in 
February, after increasing 1.8 percent the previous month. The February rise was led by higher prices for 
fruit, meat, and alcoholic beverages.    

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2020
February	-0.7	-9.1	0.2	-1.2	-2.9	-1.1
March	-2.4	-26.5	0.0	-1.4	-1.4	-1.4
April	-2.6	-30.9	-0.5	-3.5	-3.3	-3.5
May	0.7	13.9	0.1	0.0	-0.4	0.0
June	1.3	20.6	0.3	1.8	1.6	1.7
July	1.2	15.2	0.2	1.0	1.6	0.9
August	0.9	3.7	0.7	0.5	-2.2	0.9
September	0.2	-4.7	0.5	0.6	2.8	0.3
October	-0.1	-1.0	0.0	0.2	3.5	-0.2
November	0.1	4.4	-0.2	(r)0.8	3.5	0.5
December	1.0	(r)7.3	0.4	(r)1.2	(r)1.0	1.3
2021
January	1.4	(r)9.0	(r)0.9	2.5	6.0	2.2
February	1.3	11.1	0.4	1.6	2.9	1.5
Feb. 2019 to 2020	-1.3	-6.6	-0.8	-1.4	-0.1	-1.6
Feb. 2020 to 2021	3.0	6.5	2.8	5.2	16.1	4.1
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

U.S export prices advanced 1.6 percent in February, after a 2.5-percent rise in January which was the largest 
1-month increase since the index was first published monthly in December 1988. Prices for U.S. exports 
advanced 5.2 percent for the year ended in February and have not recorded a monthly decline since the 
index fell 3.5 percent in April 2020. The February 12-month rise was the largest over-the-year increase 
since the index advanced 5.3 percent in June 2018. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports rose 2.9 percent following a 6.0-percent 
increase the previous month. Export agricultural prices have not recorded a monthly drop since August 
2020. In February, higher prices for corn, fruit, soybeans, cotton, dairy products, meat, and wheat more than 
offset lower nut prices. Prices for agricultural exports advanced 16.1 percent over the past year, the largest 
12-month rise since the index increased 22.7 percent in September 2011. The advance was primarily led by 
higher soybean and corn prices.              

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices rose 1.5 percent in February, after 
increases of 2.2 percent in January and 1.3 percent in December. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials, capital goods, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles all contributed to the 
February advance. Prices for nonagricultural exports rose 4.1 percent from February 2020 to February 2021, 
the largest 12-month increase since August 2018.          

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials advanced 3.6 percent in February following a 5.8-percent rise the previous month. The February 
increase was led by an 8.8-percent rise in export fuel prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories advanced in February. Capital goods 
prices increased 0.4 percent for the second consecutive month in February, driven by higher prices for 
transportation equipment excluding automobiles. Prices for consumer goods rose 0.3 percent in February, 
after declining 0.6 percent in January. The price index for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials 
was the largest contributor to the movement in both months. Automotive vehicle prices also rose in 
February, ticking up 0.1 percent.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: The price index for imports from China rose 0.3 percent in February, after 
increasing 0.2 percent in January and 0.4 percent in December. The 0.9-percent advance from November to 
February was the largest 3-month increase since the index rose 1.0 percent for the 3 months ended 
November 2011. Prices for imports from China increased 1.2 percent over the past year, the largest 12-
month advance since June 2012. Import prices from Japan also rose in February, ticking up 0.1 percent 
following a 0.3-percent increase the previous month. The price index for imports from Japan advanced 0.7 
percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year rise since the index increased 1.0 percent from 
December 2017 to December 2018. Prices for imports from Canada advanced 3.8 percent in February, led 
by higher fuel prices. Import prices from Mexico and the European Union each increased 0.7 percent in 
February. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China rose 0.6 percent in February, after ticking 
up 0.1 percent the previous month. The price index for exports to China increased 5.4 percent over the past 
12 months, the largest over-the-year advance since the index was first published in December 2017. Export 
prices to Japan rose 1.5 percent in February following a 2.0-percent increase in January. Prices for exports 
to Japan also recorded the largest 12-month increase since the index was first published in December 2017, 
advancing 6.2 percent. The price indexes for exports to Canada and Mexico also rose in February, 
increasing 1.1 percent and 2.3 percent, respectively. Export prices to the European Union advanced 1.3 
percent in February and 4.3 percent over the past 3 months. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China rose 0.3 
percent in February, after edging down 0.1 percent the previous month. In February, rising export prices to 
China more than offset advancing import prices from China. The index for U.S. terms of trade with China 
increased 4.1 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month advance since the index was first published in 
December 2017. U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 1.4 percent in February following a 1.7-percent 
increase in January. The index for U.S terms of trade with Japan has not recorded a monthly decrease since 
April 2020. U.S. terms of trade with Mexico and the European Union also advanced in February, rising 1.6 
percent and 0.6 percent, respectively. In contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada declined 2.6 percent in 
February. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: The index for import air passenger fares advanced 1.9 percent in February, after declining 5.6 
percent in January. In February, higher European fares more than offset lower Asian fares. Despite the 
February increase, import air passenger fares decreased 12.2 percent over the past 12 months. Import air 
freight prices fell 1.8 percent in February following a 5.8-percent decrease the previous month. Prior to that, 
prices for import air freight rose 21.6 percent from September to December. Even with the recent downturn, 
import air freight prices advanced 68.4 percent over the past year. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 4.7 percent in February, after increasing 11.2 percent in 
January. The February decrease was driven by lower Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares which 
more than offset higher European fares. Despite the drop, export air passenger fares advanced 13.5 percent 
for the year ended in February. Prices for export air freight fell 0.7 percent in February following a 1.4-
percent increase in January. Export air freight prices also declined over the past 12 months, decreasing 0.4 
percent from February 2020 to February 2021.   
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for March are scheduled for release on Wednesday, April 14, 2021 at 
8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2020 to February 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
All commodities		100.000	126.4	128.0	3.0	0.1	1.0	1.4	1.3
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		86.099	101.7	102.0	2.9	-0.1	0.4	0.9	0.3
All imports excluding petroleum		93.030	115.0	115.6	2.9	0.0	0.4	0.9	0.5
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		92.440	119.0	119.5	2.8	-0.2	0.4	0.9	0.4
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	6.342	179.4	182.2	0.8	-2.2	0.2	1.8	1.6
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	4.937	194.7	198.4	1.5	-2.7	0.0	1.8	1.9
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.405	145.6	146.0	-1.4	-0.1	0.7	1.8	0.3
Industrial supplies & materials	1	22.368	192.6	201.7	10.9	1.3	4.0	5.9	4.7
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		15.605	175.3	178.4	14.8	0.9	2.0	4.1	1.8
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		14.886	197.7	200.6	14.2	-0.2	2.3	4.4	1.5
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.828	201.2	203.7	19.7	-0.7	2.8	6.0	1.2
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		5.570	143.1	146.8	7.1	3.6	0.7	1.1	2.6
Fuels & lubricants	10	7.560	184.8	205.3	6.5	4.4	7.3	9.0	11.1
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	6.970	196.7	219.0	5.5	2.5	8.5	9.9	11.3
Crude	10000	4.604	205.4	231.9	11.8	3.9	10.7	10.5	12.9
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.495	136.0	149.9	38.8	37.9	-6.4	-1.6	10.2
Gas-natural	10110	0.418	126.3	140.5	44.8	44.2	-7.3	-2.2	11.2
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.469	108.3	109.3	-0.1	1.1	0.4	-1.3	0.9
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	4.512	159.0	161.9	5.1	0.6	1.7	1.8	1.8
Selected building materials	13	2.038	201.0	203.6	39.8	-9.4	2.9	13.9	1.3
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	4.134	304.8	310.0	26.3	2.4	4.7	6.7	1.7
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	1.883	166.6	169.2	8.0	0.9	0.9	1.7	1.6
Nonmetals related to durable goods	16	1.773	114.3	114.2	1.1	0.3	0.4	0.5	-0.1
Capital goods	2	28.333	88.5	88.6	1.0	0.0	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Electric generating equipment	20	3.480	121.2	121.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	-0.1	-0.1
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.250	80.4	80.6	1.3	0.0	-0.1	0.2	0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	2.603	135.6	136.0	0.7	0.0	-0.1	0.0	0.3
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	15.967	111.3	111.4	1.1	-0.1	0.0	0.4	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	26.990	107.0	107.1	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	13.706	123.8	124.1	0.1	-0.2	0.1	-0.5	0.2
Durables, manufactured	41	12.207	91.3	91.3	0.4	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.0
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	1.077	117.6	117.6	0.9	0.1	0.7	0.3	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2020 to February 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
All commodities		100.000	128.7	130.8	5.2	0.8	1.2	2.5	1.6
Agricultural commodities		10.156	201.7	207.5	16.1	3.5	1.0	6.0	2.9
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		79.165	104.8	105.3	3.5	0.2	0.5	1.5	0.5
Nonagricultural commodities		89.844	123.2	125.0	4.1	0.5	1.3	2.2	1.5
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	9.324	205.2	210.6	15.0	3.4	0.6	5.8	2.6
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.850	205.3	210.9	16.5	3.6	0.7	6.0	2.7
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.475	206.0	208.6	-5.4	0.4	0.5	0.9	1.3
Industrial supplies & materials	1	34.202	158.3	164.0	11.3	2.0	3.5	5.8	3.6
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		11.345	197.7	195.7	14.1	0.9	0.9	7.0	-1.0
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		22.857	142.2	150.5	9.6	2.6	5.1	5.3	5.8
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.280	186.0	192.8	13.4	2.7	2.9	6.3	3.7
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		32.923	157.5	163.1	11.2	1.9	3.5	5.8	3.6
Fuels & lubricants	11	11.510	155.6	169.3	8.1	3.4	9.0	7.8	8.8
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.473	175.1	176.5	11.7	1.2	1.3	4.7	0.8
Selected building materials	13	0.939	137.9	140.1	20.7	3.0	3.2	4.3	1.6
Capital goods	2	34.607	111.7	112.1	0.7	-0.2	0.0	0.4	0.4
Electrical generating equipment	20	3.570	120.1	120.6	0.5	0.1	-0.3	0.0	0.4
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.656	94.6	94.7	-0.3	-0.2	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	8.381	188.1	189.9	3.3	-0.3	0.5	1.1	1.0
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	9.792	114.9	115.0	0.5	0.3	0.0	0.3	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	12.075	109.7	110.0	-0.5	-0.5	0.3	-0.6	0.3
Nondurables, manufactured	40	6.081	107.7	108.1	-0.2	-0.5	0.4	-1.1	0.4
Durables, manufactured	41	4.761	107.7	107.6	0.3	-0.8	0.1	-0.1	-0.1
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.233	94.5	94.5	-4.3	0.1	1.1	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2020 to February 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Nonmanufacturing		7.125	103.2	113.4	8.9	1.9	6.9	7.5	9.9
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	1.926	176.6	179.6	0.8	-6.5	-0.2	3.1	1.7
Crop production	111	1.557	186.3	190.8	1.9	-7.9	-0.9	3.0	2.4
Mining	21	5.199	95.1	107.4	12.3	5.2	9.4	9.2	12.9
Oil and gas extraction	211	4.948	94.2	106.5	12.6	5.4	9.7	9.5	13.1
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2020=100)	212	0.251	103.3	113.3	-	-	-	3.3	9.7
Manufacturing		92.475	113.0	113.6	2.4	0.0	0.5	1.0	0.5
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.493	126.5	127.3	1.3	-0.1	0.2	0.5	0.6
Food manufacturing	311	3.653	157.9	159.8	2.9	0.6	0.6	1.3	1.2
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.201	128.8	131.1	1.5	-1.2	0.2	0.2	1.8
Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)	313	0.353	101.3	101.9	3.5	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.6
Textile product mills	314	0.952	107.0	107.1	0.3	-0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.726	112.8	112.8	0.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.0
Leather and allied product manufacturing	316	1.608	123.5	123.7	-0.4	-0.6	0.1	0.1	0.2
Manufacturing, part 2	32	18.952	126.7	128.9	3.5	-0.9	1.4	2.3	1.7
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)	321	1.361	176.8	180.6	75.7	-15.0	4.5	22.9	2.1
Paper manufacturing	322	0.937	106.6	107.1	-0.1	0.8	0.6	-0.7	0.5
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.166	81.7	87.5	-9.4	-0.7	3.6	7.9	7.1
Chemical manufacturing	325	10.788	138.9	140.6	1.8	0.2	1.1	0.1	1.2
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.491	123.3	124.0	4.3	0.7	0.2	0.4	0.6
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	1.019	131.6	131.3	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.5	-0.2
Manufacturing, part 3	33	62.030	105.9	106.1	2.4	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.2
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.607	197.1	199.5	23.5	2.6	3.7	5.6	1.2
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.228	128.6	130.3	3.2	0.2	0.6	0.9	1.3
Machinery manufacturing	333	7.898	120.6	120.6	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.0
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	16.487	71.6	71.7	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	5.278	117.6	117.3	-0.2	-0.1	0.1	-0.2	-0.3
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	17.263	110.5	110.6	1.1	-0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.766	115.9	116.0	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.504	121.7	121.7	2.2	0.2	0.4	0.9	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2020 to February 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Nonmanufacturing		11.924	135.2	143.9	19.9	6.0	3.1	8.2	6.4
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	5.344	180.0	186.8	24.1	4.9	0.1	10.0	3.8
Crop production	111	5.009	190.4	197.2	24.9	5.1	0.0	10.6	3.6
Mining	21	6.580	74.3	80.7	15.6	7.4	6.6	6.8	8.6
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.055	96.5	98.0	0.9	2.5	3.5	4.3	1.6
Manufacturing		86.093	118.2	119.5	2.8	0.3	1.0	1.5	1.1
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.703	146.2	148.2	4.8	1.7	0.8	1.3	1.4
Food manufacturing	311	4.653	165.0	167.9	5.1	2.1	0.7	1.5	1.8
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.635	136.9	137.9	12.3	0.7	3.4	3.4	0.7
Manufacturing, part 2	32	23.598	111.9	115.5	4.7	0.8	3.3	2.8	3.2
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.495	112.4	115.0	24.1	2.0	2.4	4.9	2.3
Paper manufacturing	322	1.436	120.0	121.8	3.4	-0.2	0.3	1.5	1.5
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	4.961	91.4	99.8	2.5	-1.2	12.0	10.0	9.2
Chemical manufacturing	325	13.574	121.8	124.4	6.4	1.4	1.7	0.9	2.1
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.146	115.9	116.2	-0.8	0.1	0.3	-0.1	0.3
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.792	122.8	123.0	5.5	2.1	2.0	1.2	0.2
Manufacturing, part 3	33	55.792	118.2	118.3	1.8	-0.1	0.0	1.0	0.1
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.373	194.0	190.7	18.1	1.3	-1.0	7.9	-1.7
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.908	153.2	153.8	2.3	-0.9	0.1	1.9	0.4
Machinery manufacturing	333	9.037	130.4	130.6	0.0	-0.4	0.0	0.5	0.2
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	13.291	81.5	81.5	-1.0	-0.6	-0.1	0.1	0.0
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	3.625	118.1	118.6	0.7	0.2	-0.7	0.1	0.4
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	17.068	131.3	131.9	1.8	0.1	0.2	0.8	0.5
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)	337	0.385	129.8	129.8	4.9	0.0	0.2	2.2	0.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.105	119.5	119.6	-0.4	0.0	0.3	-0.2	0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2020 to February 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Live animals; animal products	I	1.387	198.7	199.4	0.4	0.0	1.6	2.4	0.4
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.384	279.4	291.7	8.9	0.5	2.1	1.2	4.4
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.722	137.7	134.4	-5.2	-0.7	1.6	3.0	-2.4
Vegetable products	II	1.946	206.9	213.4	3.2	-7.3	-1.2	3.2	3.1
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.391	432.9	438.1	-12.1	-14.8	-7.7	3.8	1.2
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.681	103.5	109.2	0.8	-11.6	-0.4	5.5	5.5
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.367	222.5	232.7	8.4	0.4	2.4	-0.2	4.6
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.325	107.4	107.7	20.6	10.3	3.9	2.8	0.3
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.076	169.6	171.5	0.9	-0.4	0.1	0.2	1.1
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.214	99.2	99.8	-3.0	-0.2	0.8	-1.4	0.6
Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants	20	0.349	168.9	174.9	2.1	-0.1	0.2	0.0	3.6
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.164	140.9	143.3	2.2	0.0	0.4	0.3	1.7
Mineral products	V	7.680	187.2	208.3	7.1	4.5	6.9	8.7	11.3
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	7.346	182.9	203.8	7.1	4.7	7.1	8.9	11.4
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.150	156.7	158.1	0.8	0.3	1.1	-0.1	0.9
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.503	287.5	295.1	1.0	1.6	2.5	3.2	2.6
Organic chemicals	29	2.271	128.0	128.1	0.9	0.6	2.7	1.0	0.1
Pharmaceutical products	30	5.310	152.5	153.0	-1.2	-0.1	0.1	-1.4	0.3
Fertilizers (Dec. 2020=100)	31	0.268	100.7	109.9	-	-	-	0.7	9.1
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.622	107.8	107.8	6.3	0.7	2.5	2.0	0.0
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.882	151.0	152.8	9.8	1.1	0.8	1.7	1.2
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.504	148.6	150.7	6.4	0.8	0.5	1.2	1.4
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.379	158.1	159.3	16.8	2.0	1.4	2.7	0.8
Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials	42	0.542	131.3	131.6	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork	IX	1.396	255.6	261.8	75.5	-14.1	4.3	21.6	2.4
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)	44	1.372	178.6	183.0	77.8	-14.4	4.4	22.1	2.5
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	0.961	111.6	111.8	-0.8	0.9	-0.1	0.0	0.2
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.644	104.1	104.0	-3.4	0.5	0.1	0.2	-0.1
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.838	114.4	114.4	0.3	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted	61	1.960	105.0	105.0	-0.4	-0.2	-0.1	0.3	0.0
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.620	122.1	122.0	0.8	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	-0.1
Made-up or worn textile articles	63	0.658	100.3	100.3	-0.5	-0.5	-0.1	0.2	0.0
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.384	123.5	123.6	-0.6	-0.8	0.0	0.0	0.1
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.159	121.8	121.9	-0.7	-1.1	0.0	0.1	0.1
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.917	132.2	131.1	-0.9	0.0	0.5	0.2	-0.8
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.333	100.2	98.1	-	-	-	0.2	-2.1
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.104	236.4	235.7	12.9	0.6	1.2	4.6	-0.3
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.659	186.2	189.8	13.0	1.9	2.9	3.4	1.9
Iron and steel	72	1.056	231.7	238.5	18.4	1.1	5.0	9.1	2.9
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.634	149.8	152.3	3.9	0.4	0.7	1.1	1.7
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.495	345.2	346.1	34.6	4.1	6.2	2.8	0.3
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.047	152.3	152.5	21.7	5.7	5.4	3.3	0.1
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.432	122.9	123.2	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.2
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.530	135.9	136.2	1.3	0.1	0.1	1.5	0.2
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	29.916	79.0	79.1	0.5	0.0	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.427	84.9	85.0	1.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	14.489	73.5	73.5	-0.3	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	14.258	115.2	115.3	1.1	-0.1	0.0	0.3	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	13.029	114.5	114.5	1.1	-0.1	0.1	0.4	0.0
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	1.131	99.8	100.2	-	-	-	-0.2	0.4
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	4.271	102.5	102.6	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.1
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.985	98.5	98.6	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.209	111.0	111.0	-0.4	-0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.595	117.3	117.3	0.2	-0.1	0.3	0.3	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.342	100.7	100.5	-1.5	-0.3	0.1	-0.2	-0.2
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.272	127.5	127.5	0.2	0.0	0.1	0.6	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2020 to February 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Live animals; animal products	I	1.910	216.7	221.1	3.4	2.8	-1.0	0.9	2.0
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.212	174.4	176.5	7.6	1.4	0.4	3.0	1.2
Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)	03	0.293	110.3	111.0	-8.6	0.4	0.1	1.3	0.6
Dairy products, eggs and honey (Dec. 2020=100)	04	0.333	94.0	100.2	-	-	-	-6.0	6.6
Vegetable products	II	4.920	237.6	246.1	26.5	5.9	-0.2	9.7	3.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.941	135.2	139.5	2.3	1.6	2.3	4.4	3.2
Cereals	10	1.366	243.5	260.1	29.9	6.4	1.0	11.5	6.8
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	2.182	268.5	274.0	45.5	7.6	5.4	11.8	2.0
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.009	163.0	164.2	5.7	0.9	1.3	2.5	0.7
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.613	101.0	100.7	0.0	0.3	0.5	0.2	-0.3
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)	22	0.515	109.6	110.0	2.1	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.807	267.3	275.1	22.4	2.8	4.3	8.7	2.9
Mineral products	V	11.501	189.1	205.5	8.9	3.4	9.2	8.0	8.7
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.538	112.7	113.9	24.5	0.7	5.7	6.1	1.1
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	10.798	179.0	195.4	8.4	3.6	9.6	8.2	9.2
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.227	142.1	144.1	5.1	1.1	1.6	0.4	1.4
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.667	137.0	137.6	-1.7	-0.1	0.4	1.3	0.4
Organic chemicals	29	2.812	163.6	171.1	23.3	6.2	5.4	3.0	4.6
Pharmaceutical products	30	3.394	108.0	108.5	0.3	-0.9	0.7	-1.4	0.5
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.865	129.9	129.9	1.3	0.1	0.1	1.2	0.0
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes	34	0.441	124.9	125.7	0.2	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2	0.6
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	1.933	155.8	156.0	-1.3	0.2	-0.3	-0.3	0.1
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	5.143	148.2	152.6	7.6	1.8	1.8	1.9	3.0
Plastics and articles thereof	39	4.310	146.6	151.6	9.3	2.1	2.1	2.3	3.4
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.832	151.8	152.8	-0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.7
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.595	110.5	112.8	24.5	2.4	2.4	4.4	2.1
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.805	127.3	127.3	8.1	0.1	2.2	2.3	0.0
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.583	127.2	130.8	30.1	0.6	7.7	3.3	2.8
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.948	125.2	125.8	2.6	-0.2	0.1	2.0	0.5
Textile and textile articles	XI	1.670	122.2	124.6	3.1	0.8	0.3	2.1	2.0
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.534	126.8	134.2	12.5	3.2	1.5	7.5	5.8
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.796	134.7	134.7	6.4	1.2	1.3	1.8	0.0
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.433	99.1	99.1	-0.9	-0.1	0.0	-0.1	0.0
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.719	314.1	309.3	11.4	0.4	-1.3	4.6	-1.5
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.005	183.8	182.2	17.0	1.0	3.0	9.9	-0.9
Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)	72	1.204	133.1	127.2	-	-	-	33.1	-4.4
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.594	229.0	226.3	31.0	4.4	7.8	5.2	-1.2
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.869	128.9	129.4	28.1	2.7	9.6	8.4	0.4
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	27.454	98.0	98.3	0.4	-0.4	-0.1	0.5	0.3
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	16.385	116.3	116.8	0.8	-0.3	0.0	1.0	0.4
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	11.069	78.4	78.6	0.1	-0.4	-0.3	-0.3	0.3
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	12.468	139.0	139.2	0.9	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	8.080	117.0	117.1	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.1
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.944	110.1	110.2	-0.6	0.0	0.2	-0.2	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.264	115.5	116.2	2.2	-0.2	0.1	1.6	0.6
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;	94	0.714	136.9	136.9	3.9	-0.1	-0.1	2.4	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.398	87.9	89.0	-0.4	0.0	0.2	0.8	1.3
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: February 2020 to February 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	130.3	132.5	6.2	-0.2	1.7	2.2	1.7
Nonmanufacturing	8.236	169.9	188.6	22.9	3.1	10.2	6.9	11.0
Manufacturing	90.874	125.9	127.0	4.2	-0.6	0.8	1.5	0.9
Canada	100.000	145.6	151.2	15.6	-0.3	4.0	5.4	3.8
Nonmanufacturing	23.366	166.4	185.4	24.8	3.2	10.5	7.1	11.4
Manufacturing	75.166	142.2	144.5	12.0	-1.5	1.6	4.4	1.6
European Union	100.000	140.2	141.2	2.8	-0.3	0.5	0.5	0.7
Manufacturing	98.953	136.3	137.1	2.6	-0.3	0.5	0.4	0.6
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	129.6	131.8	3.0	0.0	0.4	-0.2	1.7
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	116.1	116.6	2.6	0.0	0.5	1.0	0.4
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	125.9	127.5	3.0	0.0	1.5	1.9	1.3
Latin America(3)	100.000	147.0	148.8	3.3	-0.1	1.0	1.1	1.2
Nonmanufacturing	12.088	231.3	249.4	2.4	-2.6	5.9	4.9	7.8
Manufacturing	87.630	122.4	122.7	3.6	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.2
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	128.2	129.1	2.7	-0.9	0.2	0.8	0.7
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	6.811	119.7	132.8	2.3	-12.1	5.5	5.5	10.9
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	92.938	89.2	89.2	2.9	0.0	-0.2	0.5	0.0
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	98.7	99.0	1.4	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.3
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	98.9	99.2	1.2	0.1	0.4	0.2	0.3
Japan	100.000	97.5	97.6	0.7	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.1
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	98.7	99.1	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.2	0.4
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	87.0	87.8	2.2	-0.3	0.5	0.8	0.9
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	99.5	100.5	3.0	0.4	0.4	0.9	1.0
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	168.1	176.0	0.9	1.2	4.3	6.3	4.7
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: February 2020 to February 2021 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	105.6	106.5	3.9	0.7	0.7	1.1	0.9
Nonmanufacturing	10.604	105.5	111.9	15.5	6.1	2.3	7.3	6.1
Manufacturing	87.745	105.6	105.8	2.4	0.1	0.5	0.5	0.2
Canada	100.000	107.5	108.7	5.0	1.2	0.5	1.9	1.1
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	8.765	109.5	117.8	-	-	-	9.5	7.6
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	89.721	101.2	101.8	-	-	-	1.2	0.6
European Union	100.000	106.1	107.5	3.2	0.0	1.5	1.4	1.3
Nonmanufacturing	11.610	98.4	106.0	14.3	4.1	7.4	9.0	7.7
Manufacturing	86.927	106.3	106.8	1.4	-0.3	0.9	0.5	0.5
Germany	100.000	109.1	109.2	3.8	-0.3	0.7	1.1	0.1
Latin America(3)	100.000	102.6	105.4	7.1	0.8	2.0	4.0	2.7
Nonmanufacturing	9.534	129.8	138.3	38.7	10.2	2.1	11.4	6.5
Manufacturing	90.070	100.5	102.8	4.6	0.1	1.9	3.3	2.3
Mexico	100.000	102.5	104.9	6.5	1.1	1.0	3.2	2.3
Nonmanufacturing	8.249	124.7	132.6	42.4	20.8	-0.6	8.1	6.3
Manufacturing	91.319	100.9	103.0	4.3	-0.1	1.1	2.7	2.1
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	103.0	104.0	5.2	1.1	1.2	1.9	1.0
Nonmanufacturing	16.038	100.7	105.4	13.2	3.3	4.6	9.1	4.7
Manufacturing	81.253	102.8	103.1	2.6	0.7	0.4	0.3	0.3
China	100.000	100.8	101.4	5.4	1.8	1.6	0.1	0.6
Nonmanufacturing	14.654	101.2	105.1	20.3	4.5	8.0	12.1	3.9
Manufacturing	83.346	101.9	102.1	2.4	1.4	0.5	-1.9	0.2
Japan	100.000	103.9	105.5	6.2	0.6	1.2	2.0	1.5
Nonmanufacturing	20.615	103.7	111.6	20.9	5.2	5.8	9.4	7.6
Manufacturing	77.338	102.3	102.1	2.0	-0.3	-0.2	0.1	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: February 2020 to February 2021(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
			Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	99.2	98.4	-2.1	0.8	-1.0	-1.0	-0.8
Canada	97.0	94.5	-9.1	1.5	-3.4	-3.3	-2.6
European Union	101.9	102.5	0.4	0.3	0.9	1.0	0.6
Germany	108.2	107.8	1.1	-0.3	0.1	0.2	-0.4
Latin America(3)	103.9	105.5	3.7	0.9	0.9	2.8	1.5
Mexico	103.1	104.8	3.7	2.0	0.9	2.4	1.6
Pacific Rim(4)	102.7	103.4	3.7	1.0	1.0	1.4	0.7
China	102.0	102.3	4.1	1.7	1.2	-0.1	0.3
Japan	101.8	103.2	5.4	0.5	1.0	1.7	1.4
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: February 2020 to February 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Jan. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Jan. 2021	Feb. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Feb. 2020 to Feb. 2021	Oct. 2020 to Nov. 2020	Nov. 2020 to Dec. 2020	Dec. 2020 to Jan. 2021	Jan. 2021 to Feb. 2021
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	302.3	296.9	68.4	9.8	6.4	-5.8	-1.8
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	25.260	248.0	248.0	71.7	0.5	0.5	2.4	0.0
Asia	67.265	312.0	303.6	84.7	15.7	9.6	-9.2	-2.7
Export Air Freight	100.000	168.2	167.0	-0.4	3.4	4.3	1.4	-0.7
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	30.141	140.9	152.5	-1.9	6.1	5.5	-4.5	8.2
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	40.888	119.9	114.4	-3.6	0.4	5.1	0.2	-4.6
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	240.1	231.5	39.2	6.3	6.5	-1.4	-3.6
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.061	178.0	173.7	31.0	-0.8	0.0	5.4	-2.4
Asia	66.396	248.5	237.3	53.1	10.8	10.1	-3.8	-4.5
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	151.2	148.0	-22.1	4.9	5.1	-0.1	-2.1
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	31.009	160.7	172.0	6.8	8.0	6.5	-3.9	7.0
Asia	47.633	144.7	133.0	-41.5	3.3	6.3	0.0	-8.1
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	148.5	151.3	-12.2	-0.3	3.9	-5.6	1.9
Europe	36.166	131.9	140.5	-32.5	-3.1	-5.2	-4.4	6.5
Asia	36.109	189.8	181.8	49.9	5.4	10.0	-5.4	-4.2
Latin America/Caribbean	6.012	99.7	99.5	-38.8	-0.8	2.5	-17.4	-0.2
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	170.4	162.4	13.5	14.5	-9.5	11.2	-4.7
Europe	26.387	187.3	197.2	9.9	13.3	-0.2	3.7	5.3
Asia	32.862	202.9	188.8	48.4	46.5	-24.5	23.4	-6.9
Latin America/Caribbean	22.339	155.6	128.7	-16.6	-6.5	-3.2	11.0	-17.3
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
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Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
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