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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-23-0487
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, March 16, 2023

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                              U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - FEBRUARY 2023                              

Prices for U.S. imports edged down 0.1 percent in February, after declining 0.4 percent in January, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower fuel prices in February more than offset higher nonfuel 
prices. U.S. export prices increased 0.2 percent in February following a 0.5-percent advance the previous 
month.

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports declined 0.1 percent in February. Prices for U.S. imports decreased each 
month since June 2022 with the exception of a 0.1-percent advance in December 2022. U.S. import prices 
declined 1.1 percent from February 2022 to February 2023, the first 12-month decrease since the index fell 
0.3 percent in December 2020 and the largest over-the-year drop since a 1.3-percent decline in September 
2020. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel fell 4.9 percent for the second consecutive month in February. Those 
are the largest monthly drops since September 2022 and import fuel prices have not risen on a 1-month basis 
since June 2022. Lower natural gas prices in February more than offset higher petroleum prices. Natural gas 
prices decreased 55.6 percent in February following a 10.3-percent advance in January and a 68.4-percent 
increase in December. In contrast, prices for import petroleum rose 1.5 percent in February. Import fuel 
prices declined 11.6 percent over the past year. The price index for import natural gas fell 16.4 percent for 
the year ended in February, and petroleum prices decreased 11.8 percent over the same period.  

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices rose 0.4 percent in February following a 0.2-percent 
advance in January. Higher prices in February for consumer goods; foods, feeds, and beverages; capital 
goods; and automotive vehicles more than offset lower nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices. 
Prices for nonfuel imports advanced 0.2 percent from February 2022 to February 2023. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for import foods, feeds, and beverages increased 1.3 percent 
in February, after advancing 1.2-percent the previous month. In February, higher fruit prices more than 
offset lower vegetable prices.

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials edged down 
0.1 percent in February following a 0.3-percent drop in January. The February decline was driven by lower 
chemical prices.  

Finished Goods: Import prices increased for each of the major finished goods categories in February. The 
price index for consumer goods increased 0.5 percent in February, led in part by higher prices for medicinal, 
dental, and pharmaceutical materials. The February increase in consumer goods prices was the largest 
monthly advance since December 2021. Capital goods prices rose 0.3 percent for the second consecutive 
month in February and those are the largest 1-month advances since May 2022. Prices for automotive 
vehicles increased 0.2 percent in February, after rising 0.3 percent the previous month. Both monthly 
advances were driven by higher parts prices.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2022

February

1.8 10.6 0.8 3.2 2.9 3.3

March

2.9 17.8 1.2 3.9 4.5 3.8

April

0.5 0.8 0.4 1.0 1.2 1.1

May

0.5 6.1 -0.3 2.7 2.4 2.7

June

0.2 5.6 -0.6 1.1 0.0 1.2

July

-1.4 -6.9 -0.5 -3.7 -3.2 -3.8

August

-1.2 -8.6 -0.2 -1.4 -0.5 -1.4

September

-1.0 -6.3 -0.3 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9

October

-0.3 -2.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5

November

-0.8 -3.9 -0.3 -0.4 2.8 -0.9

December

(r)0.1 (r)-2.3 0.4 (r)-3.0 (r)-2.4 (r)-3.1

2023

January

(r)-0.4 -4.9 (r)0.2 (r)0.5 (r)-0.9 (r)0.6

February

-0.1 -4.9 0.4 0.2 1.0 0.1

Feb. 2021 to 2022

11.4 57.9 7.4 16.8 18.2 16.6

Feb. 2022 to 2023

-1.1 -11.6 0.2 -0.8 3.3 -1.5

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports advanced 0.2 percent in February, after rising 0.5 percent in January. Those are the 
first monthly increases in export prices since June 2022. Despite the recent advances, U.S. export prices 
declined 0.8 percent over the past 12 months, the first over-the-year decrease since the index fell 1.0 percent 
from November 2019 to November 2020. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports rose 1.0 percent in February following 
declines of 0.9 percent in January and 2.4 percent in December. Higher prices in February for vegetables, 
soybeans, and corn more than offset declining meat prices. Agricultural export prices increased 3.3 percent 
over the past year, the smallest 12-month advance since October 2020.

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices ticked up 0.1 percent in February, after 
rising 0.6 percent the previous month. Higher prices for capital goods and consumer goods more than offset 
lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials, automotive vehicles, and nonagricultural 
foods. Prices for nonagricultural exports declined 1.5 percent for the year ended in February, the first 12-
month drop since the index edged down 0.1 percent in December 2020 and the largest over-the-year 
decrease since a 1.6-percent decline in November 2020. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials fell 0.5 percent in February following a 0.3-percent increase the previous month. The February 
decline was led by a 2.2-percent decrease in export fuel prices.

Finished Goods: Export prices for the major finished goods categories were mostly up in February. Capital 
goods prices rose 0.6 percent, after advancing 0.8 percent in January. The February advance was driven by 
higher prices for semiconductors; transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles; and industrial and 
service machinery. Prices for export consumer goods rose 0.7 percent in February following a 1.1-percent 
increase the previous month. Higher prices for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials contributed 
to the advance. The price index for automotive vehicles edged down 0.1 percent in February, after a 1.6-
percent increase in January.

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China were unchanged in February, after falling 
0.5 percent the previous month. Import prices from China have not recorded a monthly advance since 
October 2022. Prices for imports from China declined 0.4 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-
the-year decrease since July 2020. Import prices from Japan fell 0.5 percent in February following a 0.2-
percent rise the previous month. The February decline was the first monthly decrease since November 2022 
and the largest decline since June 2015. Despite the February drop, prices for imports from Japan rose 1.4 
percent over the past year. The price index for imports from Canada declined 4.4 percent in February, the 
largest 1-month drop since July 2022. Prices for imports from Canada decreased 10.3 percent over the past 
year, the largest 12-month decline since June 2020. In contrast, import prices from the European Union and 
Mexico both rose 0.4 percent in February. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 1.2 percent in February following a 0.8-
percent advance in January. The February increase was the largest monthly rise since June 2022. Despite the 
recent advances, prices for exports to China fell 3.6 percent over the past year. The price index for exports 
to Japan increased 3.3 percent in February, the largest 1-month advance since March 2022. Export prices to 
Japan also rose for the year ended in February, increasing 0.6 percent. Prices for exports to Canada 
advanced 0.5 percent in February, after declining 0.5 percent the previous month. In contrast, export prices 
to the European Union fell 0.6 percent in February and prices for exports to Mexico decreased 0.8 percent. 
(See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China advanced 
1.2 percent for the second consecutive month in February. Despite the recent increases, U.S. terms of trade 
with China fell 3.2 percent over the past year. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 3.8 percent 
in February, after declining 0.5 percent the previous month. In February, both higher export prices to Japan 
and lower import prices from Japan contributed to the advance. U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 0.9 
percent for the year ended in February. U.S. terms of trade with Canada increased 5.1 percent in February 
and 14.7 percent over the past 12 months. The indexes for U.S. terms of trade with the European Union and 
Mexico fell in February, declining 1.0 percent and 1.2 percent, respectively. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares advanced 2.1 percent in February following a 12.4-percent drop the 
previous month. Higher Latin American/Caribbean fares in February more than offset lower European and 
Asian fares. The index for import air passenger fares rose 18.6 percent for the year ended in February. 
Import air freight prices decreased 4.7 percent in February, after declining 11.8 percent in January. The 
February drop was driven by a 7.3-percent decrease in Asian air freight prices. Prices for import air freight 
fell 31.6 percent from February 2022 to February 2023. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 13.7 percent in February following a 12.4-percent increase in 
January. The February drop in export air passenger fares was the largest monthly decrease since the 1-
month percent change series was first published in January 2001. Lower Latin American/Caribbean, Asian, 
and European fares in February all contributed to the decline. Despite the February decrease, export air 
passenger fares rose 9.2 percent over the past year. Export air freight prices advanced 3.5 percent in 
February, the largest monthly increase since March 2022. Prices for export air freight rose 3.8 percent over 
the past 12 months. 
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for March 2023 are scheduled for release on Friday, April 
14, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2022 to February 2023 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

All commodities

  100.000 141.3 141.1 -1.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  83.357 108.7 109.0 0.0 -0.6 0.4 0.1 0.3

All imports excluding petroleum

  91.708 125.5 125.0 0.2 -0.2 0.9 0.3 -0.4

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  90.405 128.1 128.6 0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

7.048 211.7 214.5 2.0 1.8 0.6 1.2 1.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

5.601 232.9 236.4 3.9 2.6 0.7 1.2 1.5

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.446 162.2 163.3 -5.2 -1.3 0.1 1.5 0.7

Industrial supplies & materials

1

25.573 255.4 250.6 -7.6 -2.9 -0.1 -2.1 -1.9

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  17.499 220.6 211.6 -5.5 -1.9 3.7 0.4 -4.1

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  15.992 234.5 234.2 -5.1 -2.3 1.2 -0.3 -0.1

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  9.982 225.9 230.1 -4.8 -2.5 2.4 -0.2 1.9

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  7.298 216.2 190.4 -5.3 -0.8 5.9 1.3 -11.9

Fuels & lubricants

10

9.595 300.8 286.2 -11.6 -3.9 -2.3 -4.9 -4.9

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

8.292 296.8 301.3 -11.8 -4.7 -6.6 -6.7 1.5

Crude petroleum

10000

4.988 290.0 295.6 -16.8 -4.6 -10.6 -2.9 1.9

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

1.173 489.4 242.9 -14.1 7.4 56.1 9.4 -50.4

Natural gas

10110

1.063 516.1 229.0 -16.4 9.3 68.4 10.3 -55.6

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.553 148.7 145.8 15.0 -2.2 0.4 -0.9 -2.0

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

5.442 208.3 200.8 -6.6 -1.9 -1.2 -0.5 -3.6

Selected building materials

13

1.714 188.7 193.4 -17.7 -0.6 -2.5 -2.3 2.5

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

4.149 344.5 352.1 -5.4 -4.0 4.5 0.2 2.2

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

2.317 217.2 219.5 0.3 -2.5 3.1 0.4 1.1

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.802 127.3 129.3 3.6 0.1 -0.1 0.1 1.6

Capital goods

2

27.564 93.6 93.9 2.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3

Electric generating equipment

20

3.692 128.9 129.0 3.0 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.514 84.7 85.0 1.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

1.358 149.4 150.7 7.5 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.9

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

12.666 117.5 117.7 2.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

27.149 110.0 110.5 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5

Nondurables, manufactured

40

12.665 124.9 125.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3

Durables, manufactured

41

13.499 95.5 95.7 0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

0.985 128.2 133.7 0.9 -0.6 0.2 -0.8 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2022 to February 2023 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

All commodities

  100.000 151.4 151.7 -0.8 -0.4 -3.0 0.5 0.2

Agricultural commodities

  11.165 250.6 253.2 3.3 2.8 -2.4 -0.9 1.0

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  72.182 114.1 114.9 1.1 -0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7

All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)

  82.442 99.4 100.1 - 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.7

Nonagricultural commodities

  88.835 143.8 143.9 -1.5 -0.9 -3.1 0.6 0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

10.260 253.4 255.2 3.1 3.2 -2.7 -0.9 0.7

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

9.827 255.1 257.0 3.6 3.4 -2.8 -0.9 0.7

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.433 223.2 220.9 -9.6 -0.8 0.1 -0.2 -1.0

Industrial supplies & materials

1

39.231 209.8 209.0 -6.5 -1.6 -6.5 0.2 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.880 214.6 216.8 -2.6 -0.8 2.2 0.8 1.0

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  28.351 205.0 203.0 -7.9 -1.8 -9.2 0.0 -1.0

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.308 231.2 238.6 1.5 -1.2 0.6 -0.8 3.2

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  37.922 209.2 208.1 -6.8 -1.6 -6.8 0.3 -0.5

Fuels & lubricants

11

17.558 263.7 257.9 -9.9 -2.7 -14.0 0.7 -2.2

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

19.542 196.8 198.6 -4.0 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 0.9

Selected building materials

13

0.822 153.4 155.1 -3.7 -1.9 0.3 0.1 1.1

Capital goods

2

29.993 119.9 120.6 3.2 -0.2 0.1 0.8 0.6

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.373 136.9 137.9 5.3 1.2 0.4 0.7 0.7

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.033 100.8 101.3 2.4 -0.4 0.0 0.7 0.5

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

4.587 201.8 204.3 5.5 0.2 0.1 1.6 1.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

8.062 124.0 123.9 4.9 0.0 0.2 1.6 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.454 117.9 118.7 2.9 -0.3 0.0 1.1 0.7

Nondurables, manufactured

40

6.596 109.6 110.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.8 0.6

Durables, manufactured

41

4.645 117.8 117.9 5.6 -0.2 -0.2 1.6 0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.213 127.4 131.7 9.7 -0.7 -0.2 0.1 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2022 to February 2023 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Nonmanufacturing

  8.615 154.6 148.6 -11.2 -1.4 -2.3 -0.1 -3.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

2.176 218.2 227.0 2.3 5.4 1.8 1.6 4.0

Crop production

111

1.770 230.8 237.6 1.4 6.6 1.4 1.6 2.9

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)

112

0.243 104.1 117.4 - - - 4.1 12.8

Mining

21

6.439 151.7 141.9 -15.3 -3.4 -3.5 -0.8 -6.5

Oil and gas extraction

211

6.175 150.6 139.4 -16.6 -3.6 -3.5 -1.1 -7.4

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)

212

0.264 106.8 123.5 - - - 6.8 15.6

Manufacturing

  91.005 123.0 123.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.3 -0.4 0.2

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.294 138.6 139.1 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4

Food manufacturing

311

4.180 187.2 188.8 2.4 -0.5 0.0 0.6 0.9

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.145 137.3 138.4 4.1 0.1 0.4 1.6 0.8

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.193 119.4 119.2 2.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.357 126.8 126.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 2

32

20.175 146.5 145.4 -4.2 -1.4 -0.8 -1.9 -0.8

Paper manufacturing

322

0.995 127.1 125.9 6.8 -1.7 0.2 -0.6 -0.9

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

3.106 145.0 146.0 2.7 -4.4 -0.4 -12.5 0.7

Chemical manufacturing

325

11.343 155.3 152.2 -4.9 -1.0 -0.9 0.7 -2.0

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.585 132.2 133.7 2.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.7 1.1

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

1.045 143.1 143.5 2.7 -0.3 0.4 0.8 0.3

Manufacturing, part 3

33

59.537 113.0 113.5 1.2 -0.5 0.7 0.1 0.4

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.957 233.1 237.7 -2.8 -4.1 4.3 0.0 2.0

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.307 149.7 149.6 0.3 -0.1 0.8 -0.6 -0.1

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.576 130.4 131.2 4.4 0.0 0.5 1.6 0.6

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

16.832 73.7 73.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.5 0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

5.871 126.5 126.9 1.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

12.863 116.4 116.7 2.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

2.009 130.0 130.3 3.2 -0.1 0.5 0.5 0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

6.122 126.6 127.1 2.3 0.0 0.5 0.1 0.4

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2022 to February 2023 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Nonmanufacturing

  15.968 194.2 191.0 -11.6 -0.4 -7.6 -2.5 -1.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

5.728 220.6 224.7 0.0 4.8 -3.4 -1.6 1.9

Crop production

111

5.459 234.7 239.1 0.7 4.9 -3.6 -1.8 1.9

Mining

21

10.240 119.6 115.2 -17.6 -3.0 -9.9 -3.0 -3.7

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)

211

8.785 105.9 101.1 -19.8 -3.6 -11.4 -3.7 -4.5

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.454 150.8 153.1 -0.7 1.9 3.3 1.8 1.5

Manufacturing

  82.363 134.6 135.2 1.6 -0.5 -2.2 0.8 0.4

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.936 176.2 176.6 4.0 0.2 -1.5 -0.3 0.2

Food manufacturing

311

5.140 208.1 208.2 4.4 0.2 -2.0 -0.6 0.0

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.529 145.5 149.4 7.6 1.4 0.7 -0.2 2.7

Manufacturing, part 2

32

26.347 140.0 140.4 -1.5 -0.8 -6.6 1.2 0.3

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.405 117.4 118.1 -13.2 -3.6 -2.2 0.6 0.6

Paper manufacturing

322

1.688 160.2 160.1 12.4 1.7 -0.7 1.8 -0.1

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

7.001 163.1 163.2 0.9 -1.8 -19.8 5.2 0.1

Chemical manufacturing

325

14.048 133.2 133.9 -4.8 -0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.5

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.256 134.3 133.5 4.5 0.2 1.3 1.0 -0.6

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.758 133.0 134.8 4.6 -0.8 3.1 -0.1 1.4

Manufacturing, part 3

33

49.079 127.8 128.6 3.0 -0.4 0.3 0.8 0.6

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.283 206.3 210.1 -5.8 -2.4 2.4 -1.3 1.8

Machinery manufacturing

333

9.205 146.9 147.2 6.1 0.1 0.2 1.9 0.2

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

12.677 83.8 84.3 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.6

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.497 135.1 135.9 5.8 1.0 0.4 1.2 0.6

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

11.727 141.5 142.2 5.3 0.1 0.2 1.6 0.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

4.719 134.6 135.9 5.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.4 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2022 to February 2023 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Live animals; animal products

I

1.500 227.9 237.0 -2.2 -1.8 -0.6 1.1 4.0

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.369 295.9 295.9 -15.8 -2.8 -3.1 -2.1 0.0

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.823 160.1 162.2 -5.4 -1.8 0.3 2.3 1.3

Vegetable products

II

2.215 256.4 262.4 2.3 3.5 2.8 1.1 2.3

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.566 511.0 477.0 8.9 2.0 0.1 3.3 -6.7

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.784 125.5 131.2 -4.4 14.7 4.9 -0.6 4.5

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.380 296.1 311.4 0.1 -7.8 -2.1 4.0 5.2

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.398 154.5 150.7 -1.4 0.7 -1.4 1.7 -2.5

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.300 192.7 193.9 5.9 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.6

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)

17

0.202 109.2 111.0 8.6 -0.5 -0.3 1.8 1.6

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.227 113.3 113.3 9.6 8.5 1.0 1.2 0.0

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)

21

0.398 100.0 100.0 - - - 0.0 0.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.079 150.5 151.7 4.2 0.3 0.1 1.8 0.8

Mineral products

V

9.699 307.6 294.8 -10.7 -3.6 -2.4 -4.9 -4.2

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

9.364 301.0 286.3 -11.7 -3.9 -2.5 -5.2 -4.9

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.696 175.4 174.2 -2.1 -0.5 -0.4 0.9 -0.7

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.655 553.2 538.2 1.2 0.4 -0.8 1.1 -2.7

Organic chemicals

29

2.354 146.2 146.9 -1.3 -1.2 0.3 1.7 0.5

Pharmaceutical products

30

5.095 146.9 148.0 -1.9 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.7

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)

31

0.521 99.7 73.3 - - - -0.3 -26.5

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)

32

0.198 100.7 103.2 - - - 0.7 2.5

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.822 122.1 122.9 5.1 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.7

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

4.075 156.1 156.8 -1.8 -1.4 -0.2 -0.9 0.4

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.670 156.7 156.8 -4.7 -2.0 -0.3 -1.5 0.1

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.405 158.0 160.0 4.9 -0.3 0.0 0.1 1.3

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

0.992 133.5 132.0 5.3 -2.1 0.1 -0.7 -1.1

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.398 120.8 120.7 0.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.209 127.6 127.6 2.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.192 126.6 126.2 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

0.945 123.4 122.9 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.5 -0.4

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.913 135.7 136.6 2.6 -0.3 0.1 1.2 0.7

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)

68

0.335 100.9 101.8 1.4 0.0 -0.6 -0.8 0.9

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)

70

0.309 102.6 103.2 2.3 -0.5 -0.6 2.3 0.6

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

3.350 237.5 239.1 0.4 -3.7 4.9 2.0 0.7

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

6.288 236.7 239.2 -2.0 -1.6 1.5 -0.2 1.1

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.864 205.8 206.2 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.9 0.2

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.531 377.7 403.3 -3.9 2.7 6.8 -0.7 6.8

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

1.072 194.0 198.6 -3.6 -1.7 5.5 0.6 2.4

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.438 131.1 131.6 3.1 -0.3 0.3 1.1 0.4

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.554 151.5 150.2 1.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.9

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

29.765 82.8 83.1 1.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.207 90.0 90.5 2.1 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

14.558 76.1 76.1 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

10.756 121.4 121.6 2.9 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

10.137 120.5 120.6 2.6 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)

88

0.510 107.9 108.0 6.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

4.046 106.2 106.6 2.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.4

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.762 101.9 102.2 2.2 0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.806 120.3 120.8 2.7 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.4

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.756 128.7 129.0 2.1 -0.1 0.4 0.5 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.769 106.3 106.3 3.2 -0.7 0.8 -0.2 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.281 139.1 146.4 6.8 1.4 0.1 0.7 5.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2022 to February 2023 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Live animals; animal products

I

2.149 273.8 270.6 -3.7 -0.4 -2.0 -0.3 -1.2

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.230 211.1 208.6 -9.3 -1.6 -4.2 -0.3 -1.2

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2022=100)

03

0.280 99.4 98.1 - - - -0.6 -1.3

Vegetable products

II

5.436 289.9 295.6 3.1 5.6 -4.0 -1.3 2.0

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.811 137.4 137.0 -4.6 4.3 1.6 -1.2 -0.3

Cereals

10

2.022 333.0 337.0 6.9 3.3 -8.4 1.3 1.2

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

2.122 315.4 319.6 1.6 5.2 -3.0 2.3 1.3

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.012 187.8 187.4 6.1 1.0 -1.4 0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.646 113.6 115.3 9.5 -0.4 0.9 2.8 1.5

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.463 108.4 108.7 -1.1 -0.3 0.3 0.5 0.3

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.815 324.3 321.3 2.9 3.1 -5.5 -4.1 -0.9

Mineral products

V

17.352 315.9 308.8 -11.0 -2.6 -13.9 0.2 -2.2

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.514 138.6 143.9 -2.0 1.9 6.4 7.8 3.8

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

16.620 303.1 295.7 -11.5 -2.7 -14.5 -0.1 -2.4

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

12.627 161.9 163.1 1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -0.8 0.7

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.344 106.8 107.4 -0.6 -0.7 0.4 1.2 0.6

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.842 145.9 147.4 5.6 -0.1 -0.1 3.4 1.0

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.469 136.1 136.3 4.3 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

2.228 188.2 188.8 -0.8 -0.8 0.3 2.2 0.3

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

4.533 158.9 159.1 -7.8 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

3.750 156.4 156.6 -9.5 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.1

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.783 168.4 168.7 2.3 0.0 1.1 -0.1 0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.485 112.2 112.9 -14.9 -3.7 -1.6 0.1 0.6

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.818 156.9 158.9 6.6 2.2 -0.7 2.8 1.3

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)

47

0.579 175.6 182.8 6.2 5.9 -3.3 4.4 4.1

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

1.006 153.7 153.1 8.8 0.2 1.1 2.6 -0.4

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.610 176.7 188.6 -1.6 -4.8 0.7 -2.3 6.7

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.736 147.4 149.0 4.4 -0.2 1.4 0.0 1.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)

70

0.456 113.2 113.2 5.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

4.622 320.6 324.5 -0.3 -2.3 2.9 0.9 1.2

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.417 208.9 212.0 -4.0 0.1 1.2 -0.3 1.5

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.580 261.0 274.2 -3.4 0.2 3.2 3.5 5.1

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.682 148.8 151.3 -4.5 -0.7 2.0 2.1 1.7

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)

83

0.310 100.5 99.0 - - - 0.5 -1.5

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

25.397 105.8 106.4 3.9 -0.2 0.0 1.2 0.6

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

14.557 127.6 128.1 4.7 -0.2 0.1 1.8 0.4

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

10.840 82.7 83.4 2.8 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.8

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

8.926 149.7 150.1 4.2 0.1 0.3 0.7 0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

6.770 125.4 125.2 3.5 0.0 0.3 0.6 -0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.402 114.5 114.6 1.4 -0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.196 136.3 136.6 10.3 -0.4 0.1 1.5 0.2

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi

94

0.572 149.5 149.5 4.5 -1.1 0.0 0.5 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.482 117.6 117.9 19.2 -0.1 0.5 3.1 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: February 2022 to February 2023 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 147.0 144.9 -3.0 -1.5 0.6 0.1 -1.4

Nonmanufacturing

11.596 264.5 237.5 -20.7 -4.1 -1.7 0.0 -10.2

Manufacturing

87.795 137.5 137.2 -0.1 -1.0 0.9 0.0 -0.2

Canada

100.000 181.5 173.6 -10.3 -1.8 -2.0 0.1 -4.4

Nonmanufacturing

31.948 262.3 233.3 -21.8 -4.2 -1.8 0.1 -11.1

Manufacturing

67.089 163.3 161.6 -4.0 -0.5 -2.0 -0.2 -1.0

European Union

100.000 154.3 154.9 3.2 -1.1 1.4 0.8 0.4

Manufacturing

99.136 150.0 150.6 3.6 -1.1 1.4 0.9 0.4

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 145.0 145.9 3.5 -0.4 0.1 1.9 0.6

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 126.5 127.4 5.1 -0.2 0.3 0.3 0.7

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 137.2 135.8 1.2 -1.9 2.0 1.7 -1.0

Latin America(3)

100.000 168.6 169.8 1.2 0.0 -1.2 0.2 0.7

Nonmanufacturing

13.801 316.1 323.1 -5.2 1.0 -5.2 -1.9 2.2

Manufacturing

85.863 136.7 137.4 2.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.5

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 141.8 142.3 1.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.4

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.063 151.1 153.4 -13.9 -0.9 -5.8 -0.3 1.5

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

91.604 97.8 98.0 3.5 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.2

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 104.1 104.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 103.8 103.8 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.0

Japan

100.000 101.3 100.8 1.4 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.5

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 110.5 109.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -1.0

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 96.4 96.3 -1.1 -0.2 -1.3 -0.9 -0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 103.6 103.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.0

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 221.7 219.3 -4.2 -1.4 -5.6 -1.6 -1.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: February 2022 to February 2023 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 120.2 120.6 0.6 -0.7 -1.1 0.4 0.3

Nonmanufacturing

13.251 146.4 145.5 -9.0 -1.4 -5.7 1.0 -0.6

Manufacturing

84.821 117.2 117.8 2.5 -0.6 -0.3 0.3 0.5

Canada

100.000 128.2 128.8 2.8 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 0.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

7.903 138.8 138.4 -16.5 2.0 1.0 -15.1 -0.3

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

90.462 119.8 120.3 5.1 -0.8 -0.3 0.9 0.4

European Union

100.000 117.6 116.9 -0.8 -0.4 -1.6 0.4 -0.6

Nonmanufacturing

15.859 141.0 141.6 -8.3 -1.7 -5.1 1.4 0.4

Manufacturing

82.125 113.1 112.4 1.2 -0.3 -1.0 0.2 -0.6

Germany

100.000 116.0 115.1 4.3 -0.3 0.1 2.2 -0.8

Latin America(3)

100.000 127.8 126.6 -3.9 -1.2 -6.3 0.6 -0.9

Nonmanufacturing

10.701 168.7 153.0 -25.7 -7.1 -4.0 -9.3 -9.3

Manufacturing

88.733 124.8 124.8 -0.6 -0.4 -6.7 2.0 0.0

Mexico

100.000 126.8 125.8 -3.9 -2.1 -4.1 0.6 -0.8

Nonmanufacturing

9.821 152.9 133.5 -30.5 -11.7 0.2 -12.4 -12.7

Manufacturing

89.607 125.5 126.2 -0.2 -0.8 -4.7 2.3 0.6

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 115.8 116.5 -1.9 -0.1 -2.6 0.3 0.6

Nonmanufacturing

22.419 130.7 131.6 -11.4 0.1 -9.3 1.2 0.7

Manufacturing

76.195 113.4 114.4 2.9 -0.1 -0.4 0.3 0.9

China

100.000 111.1 112.4 -3.6 -0.3 -2.7 0.8 1.2

Nonmanufacturing

28.669 116.8 117.9 -12.1 -0.3 -7.5 1.9 0.9

Manufacturing

70.219 111.4 112.6 1.4 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 1.1

Japan

100.000 117.8 121.7 0.6 1.0 -2.9 -0.3 3.3

Nonmanufacturing

26.328 139.0 138.9 -12.5 -0.7 -12.8 0.6 -0.1

Manufacturing

71.880 111.0 116.6 7.3 1.9 1.6 -0.9 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: February 2022 to February 2023(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.1 101.9 3.8 0.7 -1.7 0.4 1.8

Canada

92.8 97.5 14.7 1.3 2.0 -0.6 5.1

European Union

102.6 101.6 -3.8 0.8 -2.9 -0.4 -1.0

Germany

105.5 104.0 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 1.8 -1.4

Latin America(3)

112.9 111.0 -5.0 -1.2 -5.2 0.4 -1.7

Mexico

115.4 114.0 -5.3 -2.0 -3.8 0.2 -1.2

Pacific Rim(4)

109.5 110.2 -1.9 0.0 -2.5 0.5 0.6

China

107.1 108.4 -3.2 -0.2 -2.6 1.2 1.2

Japan

111.1 115.3 -0.9 1.1 -3.0 -0.5 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: February 2022 to February 2023 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Jan.
2023(1)
Index Percent change
Jan.
2023
Feb.
2023
Annual Monthly
Feb.
2022
to
Feb.
2023
Oct.
2022
to
Nov.
2022
Nov.
2022
to
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2022
to
Jan.
2023
Jan.
2023
to
Feb.
2023

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 251.3 239.4 -31.6 -8.7 10.1 -11.8 -4.7

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

33.186 272.5 270.8 -7.9 3.5 3.0 3.3 -0.6

Asia

66.344 221.6 205.5 -40.8 -13.1 13.3 -18.7 -7.3

Export Air Freight

100.000 198.0 205.0 3.8 -2.9 1.9 1.4 3.5

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

26.177 160.7 152.8 -9.8 -2.4 9.3 0.3 -4.9

Asia (Dec. 2011=100)

52.275 153.4 164.8 9.0 -4.5 -2.6 1.4 7.4

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 190.3 184.4 -31.9 -8.2 0.7 -2.8 -3.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

30.612 187.1 186.4 -8.8 1.4 1.5 7.3 -0.4

Asia

57.500 167.6 158.8 -42.6 -13.5 0.9 -8.8 -5.3

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 193.8 214.6 4.6 -14.4 4.3 -4.8 10.7

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

29.952 194.1 197.5 2.9 -1.7 1.8 -0.4 1.8

Asia

53.339 207.4 245.7 9.2 -21.9 8.0 -9.4 18.5

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 173.5 177.2 18.6 -0.6 5.9 -12.4 2.1

Europe

45.790 196.5 190.8 15.1 -5.7 -2.1 1.0 -2.9

Asia

5.771 170.7 170.4 8.8 -3.9 12.9 -17.2 -0.2

Latin America/Caribbean

15.944 152.1 167.8 52.8 9.6 14.7 -21.6 10.3

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 207.6 179.2 9.2 0.3 -3.3 12.4 -13.7

Europe

18.323 222.1 210.3 9.0 -2.4 -4.4 6.5 -5.3

Asia

12.131 229.9 196.8 -7.6 6.9 -6.5 13.3 -14.4

Latin America/Caribbean

57.168 221.4 180.8 34.3 -0.1 -1.7 17.2 -18.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 
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Last Modified Date: March 16, 2023