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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until					USDL-24-1126
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, June 14, 2024

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                             U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - MAY 2024

Prices for U.S. imports decreased 0.4 percent in May following a 0.9-percent advance the previous month, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower fuel and nonfuel import prices contributed to the 
overall decline. U.S. export prices fell 0.6 percent in May, after increasing 0.6 percent in April.

Imports 

U.S. import prices declined 0.4 percent in May following a 0.9-percent increase in April and a 1.5-percent 
advance for the first quarter of 2024. The May decrease was the first monthly drop since the index fell 0.7 
percent in December 2023. Prices for U.S. imports rose 1.1 percent for the year ended in May, matching the 
over-the-year increase in April. The May and April 12-month advances are the largest over-the-year 
increases since December 2022. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel fell 2.0 percent in May, after increasing 4.1 percent in April. The May 
decline was the first 1-month decrease since the index fell 8.0 percent in December 2023. Lower prices in 
May for petroleum and natural gas each contributed to the drop in fuel prices. Import fuel prices rose 7.9 
percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance since December 2022. The price index 
for import petroleum decreased 1.7 percent in May following a 4.6-percent increase the previous month. 
Import petroleum prices advanced 9.8 percent over the past year. Import natural gas prices declined 19.5 
percent in May, after falling 9.4 percent in April. Prices for import natural gas decreased 39.3 percent for the 
year ended in May.     

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports decreased 0.3 percent in May, after 
increasing 0.7 percent the previous month. The May decline was the first 1-month drop since October 2023. 
Lower prices in May for foods, feeds, and beverages; nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; consumer 
goods; capital goods; and automotive vehicles all contributed to the overall decline in nonfuel import prices. 
In spite of the May decline, nonfuel import prices advanced 0.5 percent over the past 12 months.           

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 1.6 percent in May following 
a 1.3-percent advance the previous month. The decline in May was the largest monthly decrease since 
November 2020. The May drop was led by a 10.9-percent decrease in vegetable prices and a 4.6-percent 
decline in fruit prices.     

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices fell 0.4 percent 
in May, after advancing 3.0 percent the previous month. The May decline was driven by a 17.9-percent 
decrease in other agricultural products prices.  

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods import categories decreased in May. The price 
index for consumer goods declined 0.2 percent following a 0.1-percent decrease the previous month. Lower 
prices for household goods in May more than offset higher prices for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical 
products. Prices for import capital goods edged down 0.1 percent in May, after ticking up 0.1 percent the 
previous month. Automotive vehicles prices fell 0.1 percent in May, the first monthly decline since 
November 2023.            

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2023

May

-0.4 -5.0 0.0 -2.1 -2.3 -2.1

June

-0.2 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 -1.4 -0.5

July

0.0 1.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.4

August

0.6 8.8 -0.2 1.2 -1.9 1.6

September

0.5 6.4 -0.2 0.5 -1.1 0.7

October

-0.6 -3.9 -0.2 -0.9 -1.0 -0.9

November

-0.5 -6.3 0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.8

December

-0.7 -8.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.7

2024

January

0.7 1.7 0.6 0.7 -1.4 0.9

February

0.2 1.1 0.1 0.7 (r)0.8 0.7

March

0.6 (r)5.0 0.2 0.1 (r)-1.0 0.3

April

0.9 (r)4.1 0.7 (r)0.6 (r)-0.4 0.7

May

-0.4 -2.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.5 -0.8

May 2022 to 2023

-5.7 -33.9 -1.6 -10.3 -8.3 -10.7

May 2023 to 2024

1.1 7.9 0.5 0.6 -6.6 1.5

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports declined 0.6 percent in May, after rising 0.6 percent the previous month. The May 
decrease was the first monthly decline since the index fell 0.7 percent in December 2023. Lower prices for 
nonagricultural exports in May more than offset higher agricultural prices. Despite the drop in May, prices 
for U.S. exports rose 0.6 percent from May 2023 to May 2024, the first 12-month advance since January 
2023. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices advanced 0.5 percent in May following a 0.4-percent 
decline in April. Higher prices in May for wheat, fruit, corn, and meat all contributed to the increase in 
export agricultural prices. Despite the May increase, export agricultural prices decreased 6.6 percent over 
the past 12 months.          

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports decreased 0.8 percent in 
May, the first monthly decline since December 2023. Lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies 
and materials in May more than offset higher prices for capital goods, consumer goods, and nonagricultural 
foods. In spite of the May drop, nonagricultural export prices rose 1.5 percent over the past year, the largest 
12-month increase since January 2023.       

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials fell 2.0 percent in May, the first 1-month decline since December 2023. The May drop was driven 
by a 5.1-percent decrease in export fuel prices. Despite the May drop, prices for export fuel increased 3.1 
percent over the past year, the first 12-month advance since January 2023.  

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories mostly increased in May. Capital 
goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent following a 0.5-percent advance in April. The May increase was led by a 
0.9-percent rise in semiconductor prices. Prices for export consumer goods rose 0.1 percent for the second 
consecutive month in May. Higher prices for household goods; recreational equipment; and coins, gems, 
jewelry, and collectibles all contributed to the increase in consumer goods prices. The price index for export 
automotive vehicles was unchanged in May, after a 0.8-percent advance the previous month.    

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.


Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China fell 0.2 percent in May, after being unchanged in 
each of the previous 2 months. The May decline was the largest 1-month drop since a 0.4-percent decrease 
in January 2024. Prices for imports from China last advanced on a monthly basis in October 2022. The price 
index for imports from China fell 2.1 percent for the year ended in May. Import prices from Japan were 
unchanged in May following a 0.1-percent decline in April. Prices for imports from Japan increased 0.3 
percent from May 2023 to May 2024. Import prices from Canada and Mexico decreased in May, declining 
1.9 percent and 1.0 percent, respectively. In contrast, prices for imports from the European Union rose 0.3 
percent for the second consecutive month in May. The price index for imports from the European Union 
advanced 1.9 percent over the past year. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China decreased 0.3 percent in May, after 
increasing 0.8 percent in April. The May drop was the first 1-month decrease since the index fell 1.4 percent 
in January 2024. The price index for exports to China declined 1.7 percent over the past 12 months. Export 
prices to Japan fell 0.2 percent in May following a 1.5-percent advance the previous month. Prices for 
exports to Japan decreased 1.8 percent over the past year. The price index for exports to Canada edged down 
0.1 percent in May, after rising 0.4 percent the previous month. Prices for exports to Canada rose 1.7 
percent for the year ended in May. Export prices to Mexico fell 1.0 percent in May, the first monthly 
decrease since December 2023. The price index for exports to the European Union declined 1.5 percent in 
May, the largest 1-month decrease since May 2023. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China edged 
down 0.1 percent in May, after increasing 0.8 percent the previous month. Lower export prices to China in 
May more than offset lower import prices from China. Despite the May decline, U.S. terms of trade with 
China increased 0.4 percent over the past year, the first 12-month advance since December 2023. The index 
for U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 0.1 percent in May following a 1.5-percent rise in April. U.S. terms of 
trade with Japan declined 2.1 percent for the year ended in May. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
Mexico was unchanged in May, and U.S. terms of trade with the European Union decreased 1.7 percent 
over the same period. In contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada rose 1.9 percent in May, the first monthly 
increase since December 2023. (See table 9.)


Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 0.4 percent in May following a 1.2-percent increase the previous 
month. Higher European and Asian fares in May more than offset lower Latin American/Caribbean fares. 
Despite the May advance, import air passenger fares declined 1.6 percent over the past 12 months. The price 
index for import air freight decreased 1.7 percent in May, after rising 5.4 percent in April and 1.6 percent in 
March. In spite of the May decline, import air freight prices increased 1.5 percent over the past year, the 
first 12-month advance since June 2022. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares fell 3.0 percent in May following a 0.5-percent rise the previous month. 
Lower prices for Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares more than offset higher European fares. The 
index for export air passenger fares declined 2.5 percent for the year ended in May. Prices for export air 
freight decreased 1.0 percent in May, after falling 2.5 percent in April. Lower European and Asian air 
freight prices contributed to the overall decline in air freight prices in May. Export air freight prices 
decreased 5.3 percent from May 2023 to May 2024.       

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for June 2024 are scheduled for release on Tuesday, July 16, 
2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2023 to May 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

All commodities

  100.000 141.8 141.2 1.1 0.2 0.6 0.9 -0.4

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  84.052 108.9 108.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.2

All imports excluding petroleum

  91.621 124.8 124.4 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.6 -0.3

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  91.383 128.9 128.5 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

7.331 224.6 220.9 5.6 0.2 1.6 1.3 -1.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

6.018 254.5 249.4 8.4 -0.4 2.0 1.7 -2.0

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.313 152.0 151.7 -5.5 3.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2

Industrial supplies & materials

1

23.582 250.3 247.8 2.0 0.0 2.5 3.3 -1.0

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  15.339 203.0 201.6 -1.8 -0.8 0.6 2.7 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  14.952 229.1 228.1 -1.1 -0.5 1.1 3.0 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  9.409 219.8 222.0 -1.6 -0.5 1.1 1.8 1.0

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  5.794 183.8 177.7 -2.0 -1.4 -0.3 4.1 -3.3

Fuels & lubricants

10

8.617 297.1 291.2 7.9 1.1 5.0 4.1 -2.0

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

8.379 324.8 319.4 9.8 1.7 6.3 4.6 -1.7

Crude petroleum

10000

5.815 338.9 321.0 8.1 3.4 5.1 7.3 -5.3

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.239 113.0 95.4 -33.2 -11.0 -21.3 -9.1 -15.6

Natural gas

10110

0.150 85.6 68.9 -39.3 -14.3 -29.7 -9.4 -19.5

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.527 138.7 140.9 -0.1 -1.3 -0.6 1.3 1.6

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

5.028 206.2 199.4 -0.3 -0.7 1.3 5.6 -3.3

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

3.457 323.3 330.8 -3.4 -1.7 1.2 2.9 2.3

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

2.639 223.7 227.3 3.8 -0.5 2.3 2.2 1.6

Capital goods

2

28.376 93.6 93.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.422 84.1 84.1 -0.6 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

1.665 160.6 161.0 5.3 1.4 1.6 0.2 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

13.514 120.8 120.7 2.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2 digit (Dec. 2023=100)

30

13.514 101.4 101.3 - 0.0 0.2 0.4 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

27.196 110.6 110.4 0.0 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Nondurables, manufactured

40

13.659 127.9 128.0 1.9 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

12.558 94.3 93.8 -1.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

0.980 125.5 127.1 -1.8 7.3 -5.9 0.4 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2023 to May 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

All commodities

  100.000 149.7 148.8 0.6 0.7 0.1 0.6 -0.6

Agricultural commodities

  9.300 226.2 227.3 -6.6 0.8 -1.0 -0.4 0.5

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  74.952 115.9 116.1 1.0 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.2

All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)

  83.457 100.2 100.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.2

Nonagricultural commodities

  90.700 143.7 142.6 1.5 0.7 0.3 0.7 -0.8

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

8.505 227.4 229.5 -6.6 0.7 -1.2 -0.2 0.9

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.136 229.6 231.7 -6.5 0.6 -1.2 -0.2 0.9

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.370 185.4 187.1 -9.2 0.8 -0.7 -1.7 0.9

Industrial supplies & materials

1

38.651 203.0 199.0 1.3 1.5 0.5 1.1 -2.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  11.073 217.8 220.5 2.2 0.3 1.1 2.0 1.2

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  27.578 194.7 188.3 1.0 2.0 0.2 0.8 -3.3

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.164 212.2 206.3 -6.9 1.9 0.7 -1.6 -2.8

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  37.487 202.8 198.8 1.6 1.4 0.5 1.2 -2.0

Fuels & lubricants

11

16.543 245.0 232.6 3.1 2.2 -0.3 1.0 -5.1

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

20.188 197.8 198.8 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.4 0.5

Selected building materials

13

0.755 151.5 150.0 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.7 -1.0

Capital goods

2

31.533 123.3 123.4 2.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.433 102.7 102.9 1.4 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

5.585 218.8 218.9 5.8 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

8.611 128.7 128.7 4.0 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.0

Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)

30

8.611 101.2 101.3 - 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.700 118.0 118.1 -1.3 -0.1 0.4 0.1 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured

40

6.692 107.2 107.1 -3.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

4.868 122.0 122.5 2.5 0.1 1.3 0.2 0.4

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.141 126.3 126.0 -4.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: May 2023 to May 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Nonmanufacturing

  8.522 159.7 151.2 6.7 2.6 2.2 4.7 -5.3

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

2.271 244.0 232.8 10.5 2.8 -0.5 0.5 -4.6

Crop production

111

1.869 257.7 243.4 11.7 2.0 -1.0 0.7 -5.5

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)

112

0.242 121.1 121.1 9.4 10.9 2.4 -1.5 0.0

Mining

21

6.251 152.3 143.8 5.3 2.6 3.2 6.2 -5.6

Oil and gas extraction

211

6.011 151.0 142.2 6.3 2.6 3.3 6.5 -5.8

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)

212

0.240 109.4 110.0 -12.5 2.6 3.4 -0.9 0.5

Manufacturing

  91.159 122.7 122.8 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1

31

12.085 142.2 141.5 1.6 0.6 0.7 1.8 -0.5

Food manufacturing

311

4.533 200.0 197.4 4.3 1.5 1.9 4.9 -1.3

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.167 142.3 142.5 1.9 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1

Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)

313

0.322 102.0 102.1 - 0.4 0.3 1.2 0.1

Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100)

314

0.888 100.1 100.0 - 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.494 119.0 119.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 2

32

18.907 142.5 143.8 0.6 -0.4 0.8 -0.1 0.9

Paper manufacturing

322

0.996 121.6 122.7 -0.5 -1.0 -0.2 0.7 0.9

Printing and related support activities (Dec. 2023=100)

323

0.146 100.0 100.0 - -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

2.289 139.4 150.5 13.5 -3.0 9.4 -0.7 8.0

Chemical manufacturing

325

11.003 150.9 150.9 -0.7 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.0

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.529 131.5 131.4 -2.2 0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

1.085 144.0 144.7 -2.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.5

Manufacturing, part 3

33

60.166 113.0 113.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.770 228.9 234.0 0.8 -1.4 1.4 4.2 2.2

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.146 144.5 145.2 -2.9 -0.1 1.5 -1.6 0.5

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.935 132.1 131.8 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

16.359 72.0 71.7 -1.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

6.253 125.8 125.1 -2.2 0.1 -1.2 0.2 -0.6

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

13.971 120.1 120.0 2.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.846 127.7 127.7 -1.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.886 130.0 130.1 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: May 2023 to May 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Nonmanufacturing

  14.410 173.0 168.8 -1.6 1.0 -2.4 0.3 -2.4

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

4.444 183.4 185.2 -11.3 1.1 -2.7 -0.1 1.0

Crop production

111

4.143 192.5 194.9 -12.1 0.9 -3.0 0.0 1.2

Mining

21

9.967 110.1 105.7 4.2 1.0 -2.3 0.5 -4.0

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)

211

8.677 98.1 93.3 6.9 1.1 -2.6 0.7 -4.9

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.289 132.5 136.0 -8.5 0.3 -0.4 -1.7 2.6

Manufacturing

  84.007 135.4 134.8 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.7 -0.4

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.340 169.5 169.0 -3.1 0.0 0.4 -0.7 -0.3

Food manufacturing

311

4.553 199.2 199.1 -2.9 -0.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.1

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.511 137.2 134.3 -9.5 -0.5 -1.1 -2.1 -2.1

Manufacturing, part 2

32

25.885 136.5 134.1 -0.8 1.6 0.8 0.8 -1.8

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.441 123.6 121.8 4.5 0.9 1.5 1.2 -1.5

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

6.274 154.4 144.7 2.6 4.6 3.1 2.1 -6.3

Chemical manufacturing

325

14.521 131.9 131.3 -3.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.5

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.225 134.4 134.7 1.1 0.4 -0.6 -0.2 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.730 132.1 131.9 0.6 -0.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3

33

51.782 131.5 131.7 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.8 0.2

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.585 210.4 212.9 2.0 -1.0 3.0 4.3 1.2

Machinery manufacturing

333

9.485 152.2 152.1 2.0 0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.1

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

12.522 83.4 83.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

13.281 149.6 149.6 4.9 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.0

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100)

337

0.351 101.9 102.3 - 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.071 142.7 142.9 3.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2023 to May 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Live animals; animal products

I

1.479 239.9 240.3 1.7 4.6 0.9 0.8 0.2

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.440 353.6 363.2 12.9 2.4 3.8 2.8 2.7

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.687 146.9 146.2 -6.7 6.4 -0.7 -0.7 -0.5

Vegetable products

II

2.164 262.6 250.8 1.2 -2.1 -1.2 0.3 -4.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.564 542.5 469.2 -2.9 -14.1 9.2 -2.2 -13.5

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.818 132.9 126.5 9.7 -4.9 -1.7 1.4 -4.8

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.397 300.7 302.4 -0.3 1.3 1.0 1.1 0.6

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.457 152.3 150.4 2.7 0.5 3.0 1.5 -1.2

Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared (Dec. 2023=100)

15

0.457 102.5 101.3 - 0.5 3.0 1.5 -1.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.696 214.8 211.9 8.7 1.0 1.8 5.4 -1.4

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)

17

0.244 127.8 128.6 12.5 1.1 1.7 -0.5 0.6

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.544 283.7 250.2 111.3 14.1 21.4 44.7 -11.8

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)

19

0.488 99.8 99.7 - -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)

21

0.414 98.8 99.7 1.9 -2.2 -2.1 5.6 0.9

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.106 155.2 155.4 1.1 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1

Mineral products

V

8.659 304.0 297.9 7.2 0.9 4.8 4.2 -2.0

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

8.366 297.8 291.5 8.3 0.9 4.9 4.4 -2.1

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.665 172.7 172.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 0.1

Organic chemicals

29

2.190 136.7 136.6 -6.8 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1

Pharmaceutical products

30

5.562 155.3 156.0 5.0 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.5

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)

31

0.220 63.7 61.2 -9.5 -1.4 2.6 -0.2 -3.9

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)

32

0.193 100.6 101.5 -1.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.9

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.878 112.7 111.7 -8.1 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.732 153.9 154.0 -2.6 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.493 151.2 151.2 -4.2 0.2 -0.3 0.4 0.0

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.239 162.1 162.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Printed matter (Dec. 2023=100)

49

0.167 99.8 99.8 - 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.505 120.7 120.7 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100)

61

1.927 100.1 99.8 - 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.406 127.1 127.6 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.4

Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec. 2023=100)

63

0.614 99.4 99.5 - 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.441 126.8 126.3 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.4

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.179 123.8 123.5 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.931 136.9 138.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.5 0.0 0.8

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)

68

0.323 100.6 100.5 -2.3 0.0 -0.9 0.4 -0.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)

70

0.339 109.5 112.1 2.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 2.4

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

3.202 239.4 242.5 1.9 -0.8 1.7 5.1 1.3

Pearls, precious stones, precious metals jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)

71

3.202 106.4 107.7 - -0.8 1.8 5.1 1.2

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.821 228.7 232.3 -1.9 -0.5 0.8 0.4 1.6

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.710 191.7 191.4 -7.0 -0.3 -1.1 0.4 -0.2

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.546 424.2 452.1 19.2 -1.0 3.0 9.0 6.6

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

1.054 187.8 196.1 2.3 -1.0 5.4 -1.8 4.4

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.409 133.1 132.9 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.503 141.9 141.8 -4.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

30.241 82.2 82.0 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.229 89.9 89.9 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

15.012 75.0 74.6 -2.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

11.747 124.0 123.9 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

10.989 123.2 123.1 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)

88

0.618 107.7 107.8 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.3 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

4.174 111.1 111.0 2.8 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.874 106.7 106.7 2.9 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.541 120.4 120.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.519 126.9 126.7 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.710 107.2 107.1 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.312 152.6 152.6 3.6 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2023 to May 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Live animals; animal products

I

1.982 270.4 272.6 3.5 0.3 2.0 2.0 0.8

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.286 235.3 238.4 9.3 -0.2 2.6 2.6 1.3

Vegetable products

II

3.976 234.7 239.4 -13.7 0.5 -3.6 -0.7 2.0

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.839 146.9 151.4 5.9 6.4 -1.0 -3.5 3.1

Cereals

10

1.123 229.2 238.7 -21.3 1.0 -5.1 0.7 4.1

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

1.645 242.6 243.2 -18.2 -3.8 -4.8 2.1 0.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.852 181.1 178.5 -4.9 -0.6 -0.3 -1.4 -1.4

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)

19

0.294 100.3 100.3 - 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.634 120.9 120.0 2.1 0.3 2.1 0.2 -0.7

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.602 253.4 246.7 -20.5 -2.5 -3.4 -6.6 -2.6

Mineral products

V

16.275 294.4 280.1 3.7 2.3 -0.3 1.2 -4.9

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.400 120.4 131.8 -4.6 -1.4 1.6 0.8 9.5

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

15.681 282.7 267.8 4.1 2.4 -0.4 1.2 -5.3

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

12.381 158.2 157.5 -3.9 0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.395 103.5 103.3 -4.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.817 146.9 146.7 -1.7 -2.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

2.328 194.0 194.0 0.9 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.0

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.904 190.2 193.0 14.1 9.6 -0.8 0.2 1.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.480 112.5 109.8 0.8 1.3 1.1 0.6 -2.4

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2023=100)

44

0.480 104.9 102.4 - 1.4 1.0 0.7 -2.4

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)

47

0.566 171.6 172.6 18.4 0.5 1.9 5.3 0.6

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.691 166.2 160.5 1.2 5.0 3.5 -0.4 -3.4

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.742 153.9 153.6 4.8 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)

70

0.351 114.9 114.4 3.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.4

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

5.084 334.6 338.6 4.0 -1.1 3.6 3.8 1.2

Pearls, precious stones, precious metals; jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)

71

5.084 107.2 108.5 - -1.1 3.6 3.9 1.2

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.435 210.9 213.3 0.3 0.7 -0.4 0.9 1.1

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.583 284.0 299.9 13.9 0.8 1.5 7.6 5.6

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.714 148.9 154.8 4.7 0.5 0.8 1.1 4.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)

83

0.333 105.7 105.7 3.9 1.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

26.308 108.4 108.6 2.1 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.530 133.0 133.1 2.8 0.5 -0.2 0.4 0.1

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

10.778 82.7 83.1 1.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

9.698 155.3 155.3 3.5 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

7.238 129.7 129.7 3.9 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.771 120.3 120.3 2.6 -0.2 -0.3 1.1 0.0

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100)

90

5.720 101.3 101.3 - -0.2 -0.2 1.1 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.162 136.8 137.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi

94

0.573 150.2 151.0 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.453 120.7 121.5 2.8 0.3 0.8 0.7 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: May 2023 to May 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 147.7 147.2 1.7 0.6 0.5 1.4 -0.3

Nonmanufacturing

11.122 263.4 250.9 5.3 3.8 3.1 7.6 -4.7

Manufacturing

88.517 138.6 138.8 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.1

Canada

100.000 175.5 172.2 0.9 1.1 1.0 3.4 -1.9

Nonmanufacturing

32.705 258.1 244.1 4.6 3.7 3.1 8.0 -5.4

Manufacturing

66.497 156.8 156.5 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 1.3 -0.2

European Union

100.000 158.4 158.8 1.9 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3

Manufacturing

99.322 154.1 154.4 1.9 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 158.3 158.3 4.7 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.0

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 124.7 124.6 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 -0.1

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 139.1 139.4 2.6 0.7 0.3 0.7 0.2

Latin America(3)

100.000 175.4 173.6 2.9 0.5 0.8 0.8 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing

13.675 342.2 322.5 4.6 2.6 0.0 -0.8 -5.8

Manufacturing

86.070 141.4 141.0 2.6 0.2 0.9 1.1 -0.3

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 148.6 147.1 3.2 0.4 0.7 0.6 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.896 185.5 170.0 9.7 3.0 2.2 -3.0 -8.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

90.854 101.0 100.7 2.5 0.2 0.6 0.9 -0.3

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 102.2 102.0 -1.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.2

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 100.5 100.3 -2.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Japan

100.000 101.1 101.1 0.3 -0.5 -1.0 -0.1 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 108.6 108.5 -1.4 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 95.1 94.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.8 -0.2

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 100.8 99.8 -2.6 -0.2 0.2 0.8 -1.0

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 225.2 217.8 3.4 1.4 1.7 4.5 -3.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: May 2023 to May 2024 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 122.8 122.3 3.0 0.7 0.2 0.7 -0.4

Nonmanufacturing

15.194 146.5 142.7 8.9 3.5 -1.9 0.9 -2.6

Manufacturing

83.363 119.9 119.8 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.7 -0.1

Canada

100.000 128.9 128.8 1.7 0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

7.423 137.5 135.1 5.2 1.2 0.6 -0.1 -1.7

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

90.929 120.1 120.2 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1

European Union

100.000 123.4 121.6 4.1 1.6 1.2 1.2 -1.5

Nonmanufacturing

23.719 151.6 143.5 8.0 2.8 3.9 4.0 -5.3

Manufacturing

74.698 117.5 117.1 3.2 1.2 0.4 0.3 -0.3

Germany

100.000 124.4 124.0 6.4 0.3 0.6 1.1 -0.3

Latin America(3)

100.000 125.6 123.7 2.0 1.2 0.3 1.5 -1.5

Nonmanufacturing

7.119 137.4 135.5 0.9 -0.6 -5.8 1.3 -1.4

Manufacturing

92.328 124.8 122.9 1.9 1.3 0.8 1.5 -1.5

Mexico

100.000 125.2 124.0 1.1 0.7 0.3 1.9 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing

5.538 107.6 108.5 -6.1 -4.8 -9.5 2.9 0.8

Manufacturing

93.637 127.4 126.0 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.8 -1.1

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 115.6 115.0 0.9 1.0 0.0 1.1 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing

20.745 122.2 119.3 -1.6 2.4 -1.7 2.6 -2.4

Manufacturing

78.047 115.6 115.4 1.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 -0.2

China

100.000 108.1 107.8 -1.7 0.2 0.4 0.8 -0.3

Nonmanufacturing

24.411 104.8 103.0 -8.2 -1.3 0.4 1.8 -1.7

Manufacturing

74.028 111.5 111.5 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.0

Japan

100.000 111.2 111.0 -1.8 1.3 -1.5 1.5 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing

21.551 123.6 123.6 -0.5 5.3 -7.2 -0.2 0.0

Manufacturing

77.214 108.1 107.7 -1.9 0.2 0.2 1.8 -0.4

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: May 2023 to May 2024(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Industrialized Countries(2)

101.8 101.7 1.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1

Canada

96.5 98.3 0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -2.9 1.9

European Union

104.9 103.1 2.2 1.3 1.1 1.0 -1.7

Germany

114.8 114.5 7.1 0.0 0.4 0.7 -0.3

Latin America(3)

106.6 106.1 -0.9 0.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.5

Mexico

108.7 108.7 -2.1 0.3 -0.4 1.3 0.0

Pacific Rim(4)

111.3 110.9 2.0 1.1 0.2 0.8 -0.4

China

107.7 107.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.8 -0.1

Japan

105.0 104.9 -2.1 1.8 -0.6 1.5 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: May 2023 to May 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2024(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2024
May
2024
Annual Monthly
May
2023
to
May
2024
Jan.
2024
to
Feb.
2024
Feb.
2024
to
Mar.
2024
Mar.
2024
to
Apr.
2024
Apr.
2024
to
May
2024

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 234.4 230.3 1.5 -3.4 1.6 5.4 -1.7

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

20.872 149.7 144.8 -32.3 3.7 7.3 -15.0 -3.3

Asia

78.317 251.8 248.0 15.4 -5.4 0.0 13.0 -1.5

Export Air Freight

100.000 172.1 170.4 -5.3 2.4 1.1 -2.5 -1.0

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

26.466 124.4 122.2 -11.4 1.6 1.0 -5.8 -1.8

Asia (Dec. 2011=100)

51.117 141.9 141.0 0.3 3.9 2.1 -1.7 -0.6

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 175.8 169.1 3.2 -2.1 6.3 3.0 -3.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

24.961 135.0 126.8 -19.6 4.4 8.2 -9.0 -6.1

Asia

61.463 172.4 169.4 14.8 -3.2 4.9 8.4 -1.7

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 166.7 167.2 -4.5 2.1 -1.6 -0.9 0.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

34.339 158.3 157.2 -7.1 1.0 1.0 -4.4 -0.7

Asia

44.584 182.1 184.9 -2.1 4.2 -4.0 1.5 1.5

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 180.8 181.5 -1.6 0.0 0.3 1.2 0.4

Europe

46.179 194.0 208.1 -4.0 1.3 -1.5 -0.4 7.3

Asia

11.947 167.9 172.0 -7.0 -2.5 7.2 -0.8 2.4

Latin America/Caribbean

9.310 142.2 137.7 -9.0 6.7 7.3 -9.0 -3.2

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 182.1 176.7 -2.5 -10.1 4.0 0.5 -3.0

Europe

35.197 208.0 218.8 -1.9 -4.4 4.7 -2.7 5.2

Asia

12.163 190.5 189.2 -6.1 -18.8 4.4 1.9 -0.7

Latin America/Caribbean

32.557 183.6 158.8 -11.6 -15.8 3.2 2.7 -13.5

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

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Last Modified Date: June 14, 2024