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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until				     USDL-21-1093
8:30 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, June 16, 2021

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                            U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - MAY 2021

Prices for U.S. imports increased 1.1 percent in May, after a 0.8-percent advance the previous month, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Higher prices for fuel and nonfuel imports contributed to 
both the May and April rises. U.S. export prices increased 2.2 percent in May following a 1.1-percent 
advance in April.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
          Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on May 2021 Import and Export Price Index Data

The Bureau of Labor Statistics did not make changes to either the collection method or estimation 
methodology for the May 2021 release of U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes. Survey response rates for 
May 2021 were 3.5-percentage points lower than those in May 2020. Additional information is available at 
www.bls.gov/covid19/import-export-price-indexes-covid19-impacts-may-2021.htm.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Imports 

U.S. import prices continued to trend up in May, rising 1.1 percent following increases of 0.8 percent in 
April, 1.5 percent in March, and 1.2 percent in February. Prices for U.S. imports have not recorded a decline 
since the index edged down 0.1 percent in October. The price index for U.S. imports advanced 11.3 percent 
for the year ended in May, the largest 12-month rise since a 12.7-percent increase from September 2010 to 
September 2011. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel rose 4.0 percent in May following a 1.6-percent advance in April. The 
price index for import fuel rose 109.6 percent for the year ended in May. Price increases for petroleum and 
natural gas drove both the May increase and the 12-month advance. Petroleum prices increased 3.8 percent 
in May, after rising 2.2 percent the previous month. Prices for import petroleum advanced 114.8 percent 
over the past 12 months. The price index for natural gas rose 7.8 percent in May following a 10.4-percent 
drop in April. Natural gas prices increased 64.1 percent from May 2020 to May 2021.

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for imports excluding fuel rose 0.9 percent in May, after 
rising 0.7 percent the previous month. The May increase was led by higher prices for nonfuel industrial 
supplies and materials, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles. Nonfuel import prices rose 6.0 percent 
over the past year, the largest 12-month advance since the index increased 6.1 percent in September 2008.     

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 4.9 percent 
in May following a 2.8-percent advance in April. The May increase was driven by higher prices for selected 
building materials, unfinished metals, and chemicals.       

Finished Goods: Prices for most of the major finished goods categories increased in May. Consumer goods 
prices rose 0.2 percent, led by higher prices for other household goods; medicinal, dental, and 
pharmaceutical materials; and televisions and video receivers. Prices for automotive vehicles also advanced 
in May, ticking up 0.1 percent. Capital goods prices recorded no change in May.     

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices decreased 0.4 percent in May, after rising 
2.3 percent the previous month. The May decline was driven by lower fruit and vegetable prices.       

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2020

May

0.7 13.9 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0

June

1.3 20.6 0.3 1.8 1.6 1.7

July

1.2 15.2 0.2 1.0 1.6 0.9

August

0.9 3.7 0.7 0.5 -2.2 0.9

September

0.2 -4.7 0.5 0.6 2.8 0.3

October

-0.1 -1.0 0.0 0.2 3.5 -0.2

November

0.1 4.4 -0.2 0.8 3.5 0.5

December

1.0 7.3 0.4 1.2 1.0 1.3

2021

January

1.5 9.0 0.9 2.7 6.0 2.3

February

1.2 (r)10.9 0.4 1.6 2.7 1.5

March

(r)1.5 (r)7.8 0.9 (r)2.5 (r)2.5 (r)2.5

April

(r)0.8 (r)1.6 0.7 (r)1.1 0.6 (r)1.2

May

1.1 4.0 0.9 2.2 6.1 1.7

May 2019 to 2020

-6.3 -52.3 -0.7 -6.7 -3.7 -7.0

May 2020 to 2021

11.3 109.6 6.0 17.4 33.6 15.7

Footnotes
(r) Revised


Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports continued to rise in May, increasing 2.2 percent, after advances of 1.1 percent in 
April, 2.5 percent in March, and 1.6 percent in February. U.S. export prices have not recorded a monthly 
drop since a 3.5-percent decrease in April 2020. In May, higher prices for nonagricultural and agricultural 
exports both contributed to the overall advance. The price index for U.S. exports rose 17.4 percent from 
May 2020 to May 2021, the largest over-the-year increase in the series, which was first published in 
September 1983. The 12-month advance in May topped the previous high of 14.9 percent recorded the 
previous month. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports rose 6.1 percent in May following a 0.6-
percent increase the previous month. The May advance was the largest 1-month rise since the index 
increased 7.6 percent in November 2010. In May, the advance was driven by an 11.1-percent rise in soybean 
prices, a 27.5-percent increase in corn prices, and an 18.8-percent advance in wheat prices. Prices for 
agricultural exports rose 33.6 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since the 
index advanced 33.9 percent from April 2010 to April 2011.               

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices advanced 1.7 percent in May, after 
rising 1.2 percent in April. The May increase was driven by higher prices for nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials and consumer goods, which more than offset lower prices for automotive vehicles 
and nonagricultural foods. Prices for nonagricultural exports rose 15.7 percent over the past year, the largest 
12-month advance in the series, which was first published in March 1985.           

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies 
and materials rose 4.1 percent in May and 47.1 percent over the past year. The increase in May was led by a 
5.5-percent advance in fuel prices and a 4.8-percent rise in chemical prices.   

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods categories were mixed in May. Consumer goods prices 
increased 0.6 percent following advances of 0.1 percent in April and 0.7 percent in March. In contrast, 
prices for automotive vehicles declined 0.3 percent in May, led by lower prices for nonengine parts. The 
price index for capital goods was unchanged in May, after increasing 1.3 percent from December to April.  

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China increased 0.5 percent in May, after 
advancing 0.3 percent to 0.4 percent in each of the previous 5 months. The May rise was the largest monthly 
increase since the index advanced 0.6 percent in March 2011. Import prices from China rose 2.7 percent 
over the past year, the largest 12-month increase since the index advanced 3.3 percent from February 2011 
to February 2012. The price index for imports from Japan rose 0.4 percent in May following a 0.5-percent 
increase in April. Prices for imports from Japan advanced 2.4 percent for the year ended in May, the largest 
over-the-year rise since a 2.4-percent increase in November 2011. Import prices from Canada advanced 4.5 
percent in May. The price indexes for imports from the European Union and Mexico also rose in May, 
advancing 0.6 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China increased 2.4 percent in May following 
advances of 0.9 percent in April and 3.5 percent in March. Prices for exports to China rose 17.7 percent over 
the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since the index was first published in December 2017. 
The price index for exports to Japan advanced 3.3 percent in May, after a 0.3-percent rise the previous 
month. The May increase was the largest 1-month advance since the index rose 4.4 percent in June 2020. 
Export prices to Japan increased 19.7 percent for the year ended in May, the largest 12-month advance since 
the index was first published in December 2017. Prices for exports to Canada and the European Union also 
rose in May, increasing 1.2 percent and 1.1 percent, respectively. The price index for exports to Mexico 
advanced 7.8 percent in May and 28.1 percent over the past year. Both increases were the largest recorded 
since the index was first published in December 2017. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
China rose 2.0 percent in May following advances of 0.6 percent and 3.1 percent the previous 2 months. 
Despite the largest increase in import prices from China since March 2011, the rise in export prices to China 
drove U.S. terms of trade with China up in May. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 3.0 
percent in May, the largest monthly advance since a 4.1-percent increase in June 2020. U.S. terms of trade 
with Mexico rose 7.5 percent, the largest monthly advance since the index was first published in December 
2017. The index for U.S. terms of trade with the European Union increased 0.6 percent in May. In contrast, 
U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 3.1 percent in May and have not recorded a monthly rise since 
November 2020. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares increased 5.0 percent in May, primarily driven by higher Asian fares, 
which rose 14.9 percent. The index for import air passenger fares also advanced over the past year, rising 
13.5 percent, the largest 12-month increase since the index advanced 13.6 percent in February 2011. Prices 
for import air freight advanced 5.1 percent in May, after increasing 7.6 percent in April. Import air freight 
prices also rose over the past 12-months, increasing 6.3 percent. The advance was the lowest over-the-year 
rise since a 3.3-percent increase in March 2020. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares fell 1.8 percent in May following a 0.2-percent advance the previous 
month. The May decline was led by lower Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares, which more than 
offset higher European fares. Despite the decrease, export air passenger fares rose 25.2 percent over the past 
year. Export air freight prices fell 0.2 percent in May, after declining 2.5 percent in April. Prices for export 
air freight advanced 0.5 percent over the past 12 months.     

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for June are scheduled for release on Thursday, July 15, 2021 at 
8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2020 to May 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

All commodities

  100.000 131.0 132.5 11.3 1.2 1.5 0.8 1.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  84.649 103.6 104.6 6.0 0.4 0.8 0.7 1.0

All imports excluding petroleum

  91.713 117.5 118.6 6.3 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.9

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  91.129 121.5 122.6 6.0 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.9

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

6.480 190.0 189.3 5.6 1.3 2.1 2.3 -0.4

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

5.059 206.7 204.9 4.6 1.6 2.4 2.1 -0.9

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.421 152.6 154.9 9.3 0.3 1.5 3.0 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials

1

24.412 217.8 227.7 54.3 4.7 5.5 2.4 4.5

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  16.334 190.2 199.6 33.7 2.1 3.8 2.5 4.9

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  15.621 215.0 225.5 33.2 1.5 4.2 2.8 4.9

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.337 219.2 232.5 42.3 1.3 4.9 2.7 6.1

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  5.788 154.0 158.6 20.5 3.3 1.9 2.0 3.0

Fuels & lubricants

10

8.871 224.6 233.5 109.6 10.9 7.8 1.6 4.0

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

8.287 242.3 251.5 114.8 10.7 8.8 2.2 3.8

Crude

10000

5.502 254.4 264.2 156.3 12.1 9.3 1.0 3.9

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.484 137.7 147.1 55.3 15.6 -4.5 -8.6 6.8

Gas-natural

10110

0.406 127.0 136.9 64.1 17.5 -4.8 -10.4 7.8

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.477 114.1 119.7 11.6 1.3 3.0 0.5 4.9

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

4.727 172.6 176.7 18.4 2.1 2.8 3.3 2.4

Selected building materials

13

2.207 225.4 258.3 81.1 0.6 6.4 6.0 14.6

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

4.415 337.3 355.4 58.1 1.7 6.8 1.8 5.4

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

1.987 182.1 185.5 18.0 2.5 3.7 2.8 1.9

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.728 115.5 117.4 4.8 0.0 0.2 1.0 1.6

Capital goods

2

27.534 89.1 89.1 1.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Electric generating equipment

20

3.383 122.1 121.9 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2

Nonelectrical machinery

21

21.584 80.9 80.9 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

2.566 138.5 138.6 2.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

15.479 111.8 111.9 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

26.095 107.2 107.4 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured

40

13.249 124.0 124.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

11.796 91.4 91.7 1.3 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

1.050 118.8 119.4 5.1 -0.1 0.9 0.2 0.5

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2020 to May 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

All commodities

  100.000 135.8 138.8 17.4 1.6 2.5 1.1 2.2

Agricultural commodities

  10.190 213.6 226.7 33.6 2.7 2.5 0.6 6.1

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  77.644 108.5 109.7 8.6 0.5 1.6 1.4 1.1

Nonagricultural commodities

  89.810 130.0 132.2 15.7 1.5 2.5 1.2 1.7

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

9.375 217.7 230.9 32.8 2.5 2.8 0.6 6.1

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.891 217.7 231.7 34.7 2.6 2.7 0.6 6.4

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.484 221.9 219.9 4.3 1.4 4.5 1.6 -0.9

Industrial supplies & materials

1

36.667 179.1 186.5 46.2 3.8 6.0 2.6 4.1

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  11.077 203.7 208.2 23.9 -1.0 1.9 2.1 2.2

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  25.590 168.0 176.4 58.9 6.1 7.9 2.9 5.0

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.272 195.2 202.6 25.8 3.8 0.9 0.3 3.8

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  35.395 178.7 186.1 47.1 3.7 6.2 2.7 4.1

Fuels & lubricants

11

12.981 185.2 195.3 96.9 9.1 8.0 0.1 5.5

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

21.447 193.6 200.4 29.7 0.9 5.2 4.3 3.5

Selected building materials

13

0.966 149.9 152.2 29.8 1.7 3.1 3.7 1.5

Capital goods

2

33.074 112.7 112.7 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.0

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.396 120.6 120.6 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery

21

21.673 95.5 95.7 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

8.006 189.6 189.4 2.8 0.9 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

9.324 115.5 115.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

11.560 110.9 111.6 2.2 0.2 0.7 0.1 0.6

Nondurables, manufactured

40

5.836 109.1 109.3 2.1 0.3 1.1 -0.2 0.2

Durables, manufactured

41

4.539 108.3 108.8 1.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.5

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.184 95.7 99.1 6.9 0.0 1.1 0.2 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: May 2020 to May 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Nonmanufacturing

  8.109 121.6 124.4 88.2 9.7 6.5 0.8 2.3

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

2.018 191.6 185.9 3.7 1.4 4.0 3.0 -3.0

Crop production

111

1.640 203.2 196.3 0.8 1.9 3.7 3.3 -3.4

Mining

21

6.091 115.4 120.0 138.6 12.8 7.5 0.1 4.0

Oil and gas extraction

211

5.826 114.8 119.3 147.5 13.0 7.9 0.0 3.9

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2020=100)

212

0.265 113.1 119.9 - 9.6 -1.0 1.1 6.0

Manufacturing

  91.516 115.8 117.1 7.1 0.5 1.1 0.9 1.1

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.312 128.9 129.7 3.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6

Food manufacturing

311

3.687 165.0 167.7 9.6 0.9 1.4 2.1 1.6

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.189 132.1 132.1 3.0 1.9 0.5 0.2 0.0

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)

313

0.347 103.2 103.4 4.9 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.2

Textile product mills

314

0.926 107.7 107.8 1.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.1

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.604 113.0 113.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.559 124.0 124.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2

32

19.461 134.7 139.1 18.5 1.5 2.6 2.1 3.3

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)

321

1.554 209.2 254.7 156.8 0.7 9.7 8.6 21.7

Paper manufacturing

322

0.934 110.1 113.4 7.4 0.6 1.9 0.6 3.0

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

2.554 99.7 103.7 54.5 6.8 8.4 5.3 4.0

Chemical manufacturing

325

10.835 144.5 146.7 8.4 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.411 123.6 123.1 3.9 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.989 132.3 133.3 1.4 -0.2 0.5 0.2 0.8

Manufacturing, part 3

33

60.744 107.4 108.0 4.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.6

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.936 218.8 230.1 52.0 1.8 6.8 2.0 5.2

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.246 133.9 135.2 7.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.0

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.677 121.4 121.5 1.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

16.026 72.1 72.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

5.122 118.2 118.4 0.5 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.786 111.3 111.4 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.721 117.1 117.5 2.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.229 119.8 119.9 2.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: May 2020 to May 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Nonmanufacturing

  12.723 151.8 161.4 70.8 6.7 3.9 0.3 6.3

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

5.368 190.3 209.2 49.9 3.8 2.5 -0.6 9.9

Crop production

111

5.122 199.7 221.0 51.9 3.5 2.2 -0.8 10.7

Mining

21

7.354 87.4 90.7 98.5 9.0 5.0 0.9 3.8

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.068 102.8 105.5 15.2 1.7 3.1 1.9 2.6

Manufacturing

  85.362 123.4 125.4 11.5 1.0 2.2 1.2 1.6

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.706 153.9 156.4 13.3 1.2 2.3 1.6 1.6

Food manufacturing

311

4.733 176.6 180.4 16.8 1.6 3.1 2.1 2.2

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.616 139.8 140.0 12.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2

32

25.114 125.3 130.4 32.3 3.1 6.4 2.5 4.1

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.529 126.7 129.0 34.8 2.2 4.6 5.4 1.8

Paper manufacturing

322

1.476 129.8 136.4 15.6 1.7 1.3 4.5 5.1

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

5.700 110.6 119.4 101.0 9.2 12.1 -1.0 8.0

Chemical manufacturing

325

14.393 135.9 140.2 23.9 1.9 6.2 4.1 3.2

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.081 118.4 118.9 1.3 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.759 123.8 123.9 5.4 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1

Manufacturing, part 3

33

53.541 119.3 119.9 3.5 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.5

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.302 200.9 208.8 30.4 -1.6 1.5 3.7 3.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

2.797 155.1 155.7 3.9 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.4

Machinery manufacturing

333

8.714 132.4 133.1 2.1 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.5

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

12.664 81.8 81.8 -0.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.472 119.1 119.1 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.325 132.1 131.9 1.8 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.2

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)

337

0.367 130.2 131.0 5.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.6

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

4.900 120.7 122.1 3.6 0.2 0.4 0.2 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2020 to May 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Live animals; animal products

I

1.431 212.5 217.6 14.5 0.4 3.0 3.7 2.4

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.419 316.5 332.3 22.1 4.2 4.3 5.0 5.0

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.735 145.3 148.8 13.2 -2.3 3.7 4.1 2.4

Vegetable products

II

2.041 224.9 217.0 1.4 1.9 3.7 3.0 -3.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.367 420.7 389.7 -21.2 -1.2 -8.0 6.9 -7.4

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.812 127.9 113.6 -1.9 5.5 12.2 4.3 -11.2

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.358 224.9 238.2 11.3 0.9 2.9 -2.6 5.9

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.362 124.1 129.6 51.0 1.4 7.2 6.3 4.4

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.037 173.6 174.3 3.7 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.4

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.204 98.0 98.3 -2.7 0.6 -0.1 -1.7 0.3

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants

20

0.347 174.0 174.0 3.0 2.7 0.0 0.3 0.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.156 145.0 145.0 4.4 1.8 0.5 0.6 0.0

Mineral products

V

8.979 226.8 235.2 103.5 11.1 7.4 1.5 3.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

8.630 222.7 230.8 108.9 11.2 7.8 1.5 3.6

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.191 163.1 164.6 7.0 1.0 1.6 1.4 0.9

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.616 364.9 370.5 37.3 6.3 12.9 6.4 1.5

Organic chemicals

29

2.318 135.4 140.2 16.2 0.5 2.8 2.6 3.5

Pharmaceutical products

30

5.116 152.3 152.5 -1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Fertilizers (Dec. 2020=100)

31

0.369 143.5 137.7 - 6.8 10.9 16.1 -4.0

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.602 108.1 109.3 8.8 0.0 -0.1 0.2 1.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.739 150.8 153.3 12.4 0.5 0.2 0.0 1.7

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.476 152.3 156.5 13.5 1.5 0.5 0.4 2.8

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.264 150.3 149.5 10.3 -1.5 -0.4 -0.8 -0.5

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials

42

0.526 132.0 133.0 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.8

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork

IX

1.600 303.7 368.0 155.4 1.0 9.8 8.9 21.2

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)

44

1.557 213.5 259.8 161.6 1.0 10.1 9.2 21.7

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

0.950 114.3 117.9 6.3 0.4 1.7 0.1 3.1

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.633 106.0 106.7 0.9 0.3 0.8 0.5 0.7

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.690 115.0 115.2 0.7 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted

61

1.896 105.3 105.6 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.561 122.0 121.9 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles

63

0.636 100.5 100.7 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.2

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.339 123.8 123.8 -0.5 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.120 122.0 122.0 -0.7 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.882 131.6 131.8 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.4 0.2

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)

68

0.318 99.0 99.5 - -1.9 -0.3 1.0 0.5

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

3.118 246.1 253.0 30.1 -1.1 4.1 1.1 2.8

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.896 201.0 207.0 26.9 2.5 3.8 1.5 3.0

Iron and steel

72

1.110 252.2 265.6 42.0 3.4 4.4 0.8 5.3

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.704 161.9 164.3 12.8 2.1 2.5 3.3 1.5

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.556 401.8 432.8 68.6 4.1 12.6 -0.7 7.7

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

1.077 162.4 168.9 41.7 0.1 3.3 3.0 4.0

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.419 123.6 124.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.519 138.2 139.6 4.4 0.3 0.8 0.6 1.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

29.099 79.7 79.7 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.014 85.6 85.8 1.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

14.085 74.0 74.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.827 115.8 116.0 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

12.630 115.0 115.2 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)

88

1.101 100.8 100.9 - 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

4.112 102.3 102.4 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.836 98.3 98.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.085 111.7 112.0 0.8 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.3

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.522 118.1 118.6 1.5 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.4

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.300 101.1 101.0 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.264 128.4 128.4 0.9 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: May 2020 to May 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Live animals; animal products

I

2.022 240.9 243.6 18.6 1.9 6.2 2.6 1.1

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.300 196.5 199.7 21.3 1.1 9.0 2.2 1.6

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)

03

0.306 120.6 119.2 3.7 0.9 5.1 3.2 -1.2

Dairy products, eggs and honey (Dec. 2020=100)

04

0.349 103.3 104.5 - 6.0 -1.3 4.4 1.2

Vegetable products

II

4.905 248.9 275.0 51.5 3.4 2.1 -0.8 10.5

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.943 142.2 140.4 9.9 3.2 4.7 -2.9 -1.3

Cereals

10

1.361 254.7 313.4 76.4 6.2 -0.3 -1.2 23.0

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

2.166 279.9 307.4 67.9 2.0 2.7 -0.4 9.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.964 168.6 171.1 13.6 0.7 0.9 1.8 1.5

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.584 101.0 102.0 3.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1 1.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.492 110.1 110.1 9.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.855 297.6 309.2 43.6 3.0 3.2 4.7 3.9

Mineral products

V

13.002 224.6 237.2 98.8 8.9 7.9 0.1 5.6

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.548 120.7 125.1 50.7 1.3 2.8 3.6 3.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

12.298 214.1 226.4 104.7 9.4 8.2 0.0 5.7

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

11.191 148.7 154.2 14.8 1.1 2.9 2.1 3.7

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.648 139.8 140.6 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.6

Organic chemicals

29

2.911 177.9 181.7 38.7 3.1 5.5 5.6 2.1

Pharmaceutical products

30

3.289 109.9 110.1 4.0 0.3 1.9 -0.6 0.2

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.834 131.6 132.3 3.4 0.1 0.1 1.2 0.5

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.423 125.7 125.7 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

1.968 166.7 192.2 22.8 0.1 3.9 3.3 15.3

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

5.798 175.5 175.7 27.4 3.0 8.1 6.2 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

4.995 178.4 178.6 32.8 3.5 9.5 7.1 0.1

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.804 154.0 154.4 2.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.628 122.5 125.0 31.6 2.1 3.6 4.8 2.0

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.839 136.2 141.8 15.8 0.2 1.7 4.7 4.1

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)

47

0.669 153.2 170.8 44.1 3.3 5.0 10.0 11.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.928 128.8 128.5 4.6 0.5 0.1 2.3 -0.2

Textile and textile articles

XI

1.629 125.2 127.4 9.5 2.0 1.0 -0.6 1.8

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.541 134.9 142.0 34.5 5.8 2.9 -2.3 5.3

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.761 135.2 135.3 7.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)

70

0.414 99.6 99.7 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2 0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

4.555 318.4 328.5 20.3 -1.5 0.3 2.6 3.2

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.933 190.3 194.6 29.6 -0.7 3.7 0.4 2.3

Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)

72

1.160 134.7 138.1 - -3.7 6.8 -1.6 2.5

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.638 258.2 279.7 79.9 -1.2 11.2 2.6 8.3

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.867 135.2 135.8 48.3 0.0 3.6 1.3 0.4

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

26.338 98.8 98.7 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.797 117.8 118.1 1.7 0.4 0.2 0.7 0.3

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

10.541 78.4 78.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

11.941 139.8 139.8 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

7.750 117.9 118.1 1.6 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.681 110.6 110.8 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.218 116.9 117.2 3.0 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.3

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;

94

0.684 137.8 138.1 4.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.386 89.6 89.9 1.6 1.3 0.0 0.7 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: May 2020 to May 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 136.5 138.9 18.8 1.7 2.1 0.7 1.8

Nonmanufacturing

9.524 205.9 214.2 176.7 11.5 8.1 1.1 4.0

Manufacturing

89.670 130.2 132.2 10.5 0.9 1.6 0.7 1.5

Canada

100.000 160.9 168.1 55.2 3.8 4.6 1.8 4.5

Nonmanufacturing

25.812 203.1 211.2 196.6 12.0 8.4 1.2 4.0

Manufacturing

72.952 152.5 159.6 28.7 1.5 3.3 2.1 4.7

European Union

100.000 143.9 144.7 6.5 0.9 1.1 0.1 0.6

Manufacturing

98.834 139.7 140.6 6.4 0.7 1.0 0.1 0.6

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 133.4 134.1 6.3 2.5 0.4 -0.1 0.5

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 117.6 117.8 4.5 0.5 1.2 -0.5 0.2

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 129.9 131.7 10.6 1.4 2.4 -0.3 1.4

Latin America(3)

100.000 151.9 153.3 10.0 1.2 1.3 0.7 0.9

Nonmanufacturing

13.498 266.8 266.9 45.3 6.9 6.2 1.0 0.0

Manufacturing

86.228 124.4 125.7 5.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 1.0

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 131.4 131.7 4.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.656 156.1 147.8 40.1 10.1 11.5 6.0 -5.3

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

91.099 89.7 90.3 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.7

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 99.7 100.1 2.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 100.1 100.6 2.7 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5

Japan

100.000 98.3 98.7 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 101.6 102.3 5.0 0.6 1.0 1.1 0.7

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 89.8 90.9 6.7 1.0 1.1 0.8 1.2

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 98.8 99.1 1.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 184.4 190.5 43.2 3.0 4.5 1.3 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: May 2020 to May 2021 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 108.6 110.6 12.5 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.8

Nonmanufacturing

11.352 116.2 125.8 78.2 6.8 2.8 -0.6 8.3

Manufacturing

87.015 107.7 108.7 6.9 0.2 0.9 0.9 0.9

Canada

100.000 112.3 113.7 15.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

9.293 121.0 128.0 - 8.0 1.2 0.0 5.8

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)

89.647 105.2 106.1 - 0.9 1.5 1.4 0.9

European Union

100.000 109.2 110.4 10.6 1.5 1.1 0.3 1.1

Nonmanufacturing

13.018 113.6 119.8 84.0 8.7 5.3 -0.8 5.5

Manufacturing

85.525 107.6 108.1 4.2 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5

Germany

100.000 108.5 109.2 4.0 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.6

Latin America(3)

100.000 111.9 117.5 28.3 2.6 4.5 1.5 5.0

Nonmanufacturing

9.443 140.2 154.4 72.5 6.5 1.7 -0.8 10.1

Manufacturing

90.139 109.7 114.6 24.8 2.3 4.9 1.7 4.5

Mexico

100.000 112.0 120.7 28.1 2.4 3.9 2.7 7.8

Nonmanufacturing

7.800 129.0 150.5 70.4 6.3 -2.9 0.1 16.7

Manufacturing

91.840 111.0 118.7 25.6 2.1 4.7 2.9 6.9

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 107.2 109.4 14.8 1.1 2.5 0.4 2.1

Nonmanufacturing

16.923 110.6 120.3 66.4 5.5 3.1 0.5 8.8

Manufacturing

80.221 105.6 106.1 6.1 0.2 2.1 0.4 0.5

China

100.000 106.5 109.1 17.7 1.0 3.5 0.9 2.4

Nonmanufacturing

15.104 110.2 121.0 114.9 4.0 4.1 0.0 9.8

Manufacturing

82.862 107.1 108.1 7.9 0.6 3.4 0.8 0.9

Japan

100.000 107.6 111.2 19.7 1.6 1.3 0.3 3.3

Nonmanufacturing

22.356 116.5 130.9 109.1 8.0 3.2 -0.3 12.4

Manufacturing

74.930 102.7 103.3 2.8 -0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: May 2020 to May 2021(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Industrialized Countries(2)

97.4 97.5 -5.2 -0.8 -1.0 0.0 0.1

Canada

91.7 88.9 -25.5 -2.3 -3.1 -0.4 -3.1

European Union

102.1 102.7 3.9 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.6

Germany

106.2 106.7 -0.5 -0.6 -1.0 0.4 0.5

Latin America(3)

109.7 114.1 16.7 1.3 3.1 0.8 4.0

Mexico

110.0 118.2 22.2 1.6 3.0 1.9 7.5

Pacific Rim(4)

105.8 107.5 11.9 0.8 2.0 0.1 1.6

China

106.5 108.6 14.7 0.7 3.1 0.6 2.0

Japan

104.5 107.6 17.0 1.5 1.2 -0.3 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: May 2020 to May 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Apr.
2021(1)
Index Percent change
Apr.
2021
May
2021
Annual Monthly
May
2020
to
May
2021
Jan.
2021
to
Feb.
2021
Feb.
2021
to
Mar.
2021
Mar.
2021
to
Apr.
2021
Apr.
2021
to
May
2021

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 322.4 339.0 6.3 3.4 -4.1 7.6 5.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

23.703 248.2 249.4 16.1 2.1 -1.6 -0.4 0.5

Asia

66.507 329.1 354.2 -0.1 4.3 -5.6 7.1 7.6

Export Air Freight

100.000 165.7 165.4 0.5 0.2 0.9 -2.5 -0.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

30.586 140.8 141.8 -6.6 8.2 0.3 -8.0 0.7

Asia (Dec. 2011=100)

41.250 119.2 118.7 1.6 -3.1 2.5 0.1 -0.4

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 242.4 256.7 4.3 -0.4 -3.0 4.5 5.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

23.217 173.5 174.3 6.2 0.0 -1.6 -0.9 0.5

Asia

65.170 246.3 268.1 1.2 -0.6 -3.9 3.8 8.9

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 162.2 149.2 -5.8 8.1 0.4 -1.1 -8.0

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

29.134 162.0 163.0 -7.5 7.0 0.2 -6.0 0.6

Asia

50.844 165.7 139.6 -8.9 12.9 0.9 0.5 -15.8

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 147.2 154.6 13.5 1.9 -3.6 0.9 5.0

Europe

40.511 146.4 145.8 6.9 6.5 2.2 1.9 -0.4

Asia

30.801 160.4 184.3 51.2 -4.2 -9.1 -2.9 14.9

Latin America/Caribbean

6.760 111.1 116.0 -7.6 -0.2 -0.7 12.4 4.4

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 160.3 157.4 25.2 -4.7 -1.5 0.2 -1.8

Europe

27.512 183.8 186.8 35.3 5.3 -4.6 -2.3 1.6

Asia

29.391 170.8 165.3 33.0 -6.9 -1.2 -8.5 -3.2

Latin America/Caribbean

22.149 145.1 138.8 -0.9 -17.3 -1.0 13.9 -4.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.


Last Modified Date: June 16, 2021