U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until					USDL-25-1012
8:30 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, June 17, 2025

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Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


			    U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - MAY 2025

U.S. import prices were unchanged in May, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, following a 
0.1-percent increase in April. Higher prices for nonfuel imports offset lower prices for fuel imports in May. 
Prices for U.S. exports declined 0.9 percent in May, after ticking up 0.1 percent the previous month.


Imports 

Prices for U.S. imports were unchanged in May following an advance of 0.1 percent in April and a decrease 
of 0.4 percent in March. The price index for U.S. imports rose 0.2 percent from May 2024 to May 2025. 
(See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices declined 4.0 percent in May following decreases of 2.6 percent in April 
and 3.4 percent in March. The May decrease was the largest monthly decline since the index fell 7.2 percent 
in September 2024. Lower prices for petroleum and natural gas contributed to the decrease in import fuel 
prices in May. Prices for import fuel declined 15.7 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year 
decrease since the index fell 17.9 percent for the year ended September 2024. Import petroleum prices fell 
3.7 percent in May, after declining 2.5 percent the previous month. The price index for petroleum imports 
decreased 17.4 percent over the past 12 months. Import natural gas prices declined 9.0 percent in May, after 
falling 8.5 percent in April. Despite the recent decreases, prices for import natural gas rose 88.4 percent for 
the year ended May 2025.

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports advanced 0.3 percent in May following an increase 
of 0.4 percent in April. Higher prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, consumer 
goods, and automotive vehicles more than offset lower prices for foods, feeds, and beverages. The price 
index for nonfuel imports increased 1.7 percent over the past 12 months, led by higher prices for nonfuel 
industrial supplies and materials; foods, feeds, and beverages; capital goods; and automotive vehicles.

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices fell 0.3 percent in May following 
decreases of 0.1 percent in each of the 2 previous months. Lower import prices for fruit, fish and shellfish, 
and distilled alcoholic beverages more than offset higher prices for cocoa beans and meat.

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Import prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials rose 
1.3 percent in May, after a 0.4-percent increase in April. Higher prices for agricultural products used for 
industrial supplies and materials, finished metals shapes and advanced manufacturing, and nonmonetary 
gold contributed to the advance.

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods import categories rose in May. Import capital 
goods prices advanced 0.2 percent in May following a 0.7-percent rise in April. Higher prices for industrial 
and service machinery and for scientific and medical machinery each contributed to the monthly increase. 
Import prices for automotive vehicles ticked up 0.1 percent in May, after advancing 0.2 percent the previous 
month. The price index for import consumer goods increased 0.2 percent in May following a 0.3-percent 
advance in April. Higher prices for medicinal, dental and pharmaceutical preparatory materials led the 
increase in May consumer goods prices.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2024
May	-0.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.7	0.3	-0.8
June	0.1	-1.7	0.2	-0.3	1.1	-0.4
July	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.5	-2.0	0.8
August	-0.3	-3.3	0.0	-0.7	-1.9	-0.6
September	-0.4	-7.2	0.2	-0.6	0.8	-0.7
October	0.1	-1.0	0.2	1.0	2.1	0.9
November	0.1	1.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0
December	0.1	1.2	0.0	0.5	0.7	0.4
2025
January	0.3	3.0	0.0	1.4	-0.2	1.5
February	0.2	1.6	0.2	(r)0.7	0.6	0.6
March	-0.4	-3.4	-0.1	(r)-0.1	-0.2	(r)0.0
April	0.1	-2.6	0.4	0.1	(r)0.4	0.1
May	0.0	-4.0	0.3	-0.9	0.2	-1.0
May 2023 to 2024	1.3	10.2	0.5	0.6	-6.7	1.6
May 2024 to 2025	0.2	-15.7	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.7
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.9 percent in May, the largest 1-month decline since a 0.9-percent drop in 
October 2023. Lower prices for nonagricultural exports more than offset higher prices for agricultural 
exports. Despite the May decline, U.S. export prices increased 1.7 percent from May 2024 to May 2025. 
(See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports increased 0.2 percent in May following a 
0.4-percent rise in April. Higher prices for nuts and for bakery and confectionery products more than offset 
lower prices for meat. Agricultural export prices increased 1.8 percent over the past 12 months. The price 
index for agricultural exports has not recorded an over-the-year decrease since December 2024.

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices decreased 1.0 percent in May, after 
rising 0.1 percent in April. Lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials more than 
offset higher prices for capital goods, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles. The price index for 
nonagricultural exports increased 1.7 percent for the year ended May 2025 and has not declined on a 12-
month basis since September 2024.

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 
declined 3.0 percent in May, after a 0.5-percent drop the previous month. The May decrease was the largest 
monthly decline since the index fell 5.0 percent in May 2023. Lower prices for natural gas and petroleum 
contributed to the decrease in May.

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods export categories rose in May. The price index 
for export capital goods increased 0.4 percent in May, the largest monthly advance since October 2024. 
Higher prices for electric apparatus and parts more than offset lower prices for computers, peripherals, and 
semiconductors. Export prices for automotive vehicles increased 0.2 percent in May following a 0.9-percent 
advance in April. Consumer goods prices increased 0.2 percent in May, after rising 0.7 percent the previous 
month. Higher prices for apparel, footwear, and household goods led the advance in export consumer goods 
prices. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.


Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China decreased 0.2 percent in May. The price index 
for imports from China declined 2.0 percent over the past 6 months and has not increased on a monthly 
basis since rising 0.4 percent in October 2022. Prices for imports from China decreased 2.1 percent over the 
past 12 months, the largest over-the-year decline since the index fell 2.1 percent for the year ended April 
2024. Prices for imports from Japan decreased 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month in May. Despite 
the May decline, the price index for imports from Japan increased 0.9 percent over the past 12 months. The 
price index for imports from the European Union rose 0.4 percent in May following a 0.2-percent advance 
in April. In contrast, import prices from Canada and Mexico declined 1.0 percent and 0.3 percent, 
respectively, in May. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China increased 0.2 percent in May, after rising 
0.9 percent the previous month. The price index for exports to China rose 2.5 percent from May 2024 to 
May 2025, the largest 12-month increase since the index advanced 2.7 percent in October 2022. Export 
prices to Japan declined 1.0 percent in May following a decrease of 0.3 percent in April. The May decline 
was the largest monthly drop since the index fell 1.2 percent in December 2024. The price index for exports 
to Japan increased 2.2 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for exports to Mexico and the European 
Union decreased in May, declining 1.1 percent and 0.8 percent, respectively. In contrast, the price index for 
exports to Canada increased 0.5 percent in May, after advancing 1.3 percent in April. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on the country, region, or grouping and 
measure the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade index 
with China increased 0.4 percent in May, following a 1.6-percent rise in April. Higher export prices to 
China in May more than offset lower import prices from China. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
Japan declined 0.8 percent in May following a 0.2-percent drop the previous month. The monthly decline 
was the largest decrease since the index fell 1.0 percent in December 2024. The index for U.S. terms of 
trade with the European Union and Mexico decreased 1.3 percent and 0.7 percent, respectively, in May. 
U.S. terms of trade with Canada increased 1.7 percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 7.3 percent in May, after decreasing 3.0 percent in April. The May 
increase was the largest monthly advance since the index rose 10.6 percent in December 2024. Higher 
European and Asian fares more than offset lower Latin America/Caribbean fares in May. The index for 
import air passenger fares declined 0.4 percent for the year ended May 2025. Prices for import air freight 
fell 3.0 percent in May following a 4.9-percent advance in April. Lower Asian air freight prices in May 
drove the decrease. Import air freight prices rose 1.7 percent from May 2024 to May 2025. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 1.9 percent in May following a 1.2-percent increase the 
previous month. Lower Latin America/Caribbean and Asian fares more than offset higher European fares. 
The index for export air passenger fares increased 0.6 percent from May 2024 to May 2025. Export air 
freight prices declined 0.4 percent in May, after advancing 0.8 percent in April and 1.7 percent in March. 
Prices for export air freight rose 5.1 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month advance since the index 
increased 5.7 percent for the year ended October 2024.

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for June 2025 are scheduled for release on Thursday, July 
17, 2025, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for End Use categories of goods: May 2024 to May 2025 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
			Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
					May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
All commodities		100.000	141.8	141.8	0.2	0.2	-0.4	0.1	0.0
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		84.387	109.8	110.2	1.3	0.1	-0.1	0.5	0.4
All imports excluding petroleum		92.413	126.5	126.8	1.8	0.2	-0.2	0.4	0.2
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		91.844	130.4	130.8	1.7	0.2	-0.1	0.4	0.3
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	7.457	235.5	234.7	6.9	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	-0.3
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	6.151	265.7	265.6	7.5	0.0	-0.1	0.0	0.0
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.305	162.8	159.8	4.5	0.2	-0.4	-0.7	-1.8
Industrial supplies & materials	1	22.648	244.9	243.4	-2.6	1.4	-1.2	-0.7	-0.6
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		15.107	211.6	213.6	5.8	1.5	-0.5	0.1	0.9
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		14.457	237.5	240.7	5.4	1.2	0.1	0.4	1.3
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.423	234.2	237.0	7.0	1.6	0.3	1.0	1.2
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		5.639	185.0	185.9	3.9	1.3	-2.0	-1.1	0.5
Fuels & lubricants	10	8.156	261.3	250.8	-15.7	1.6	-3.4	-2.6	-4.0
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	7.587	279.9	269.5	-17.4	1.2	-2.6	-2.5	-3.7
Crude petroleum	10000	5.270	290.2	274.6	-17.1	1.5	-2.4	-2.1	-5.4
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.373	160.2	152.6	54.0	12.3	-19.9	-6.7	-4.7
Natural gas	10110	0.271	151.8	138.1	88.4	22.7	-25.3	-8.5	-9.0
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.440	136.8	136.5	-2.6	0.0	-0.5	0.8	-0.2
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	4.629	203.7	207.1	3.1	0.6	-0.3	-0.9	1.7
Selected building materials (Jan. 2025=100)	13	1.501	99.4	98.7	-	0.2	-0.4	-0.4	-0.7
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	3.666	351.6	354.3	7.5	2.5	1.3	1.7	0.8
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	2.698	249.3	256.0	13.3	2.1	0.9	1.2	2.7
Nonmetals related to durable goods (Jan. 2025=100)	16	1.558	98.4	99.8	-	0.0	-1.9	0.3	1.4
Capital goods	2	28.965	94.3	94.5	1.1	-0.1	0.2	0.7	0.2
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.296	84.8	84.9	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.8	0.1
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	1.994	162.2	162.7	2.1	0.1	1.0	0.2	0.3
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	15.799	122.0	122.1	1.1	0.0	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2 digit (Dec. 2023=100)	30	15.799	102.4	102.5	1.1	0.0	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	25.131	109.9	110.1	-0.7	-0.2	-0.5	0.3	0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	12.940	126.5	126.5	-1.3	-0.1	-0.6	0.2	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	11.297	94.3	94.7	0.1	-0.3	-0.1	0.3	0.4
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	0.894	124.7	124.4	-1.1	-0.1	-1.6	0.0	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for End Use categories of goods: May 2024 to May 2025 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
			Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
					May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
All commodities		100.000	152.7	151.3	1.7	0.7	-0.1	0.1	-0.9
Agricultural commodities		8.588	230.4	230.9	1.8	0.6	-0.2	0.4	0.2
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		75.272	119.8	120.0	3.4	0.4	0.3	0.8	0.2
All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)		83.343	103.4	103.6	3.2	0.5	0.3	0.8	0.2
Nonagricultural commodities		91.412	146.5	145.1	1.7	0.6	0.0	0.1	-1.0
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	8.071	235.9	236.7	3.1	0.6	0.0	0.4	0.3
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	7.624	237.3	238.4	2.8	0.6	0.0	0.3	0.5
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.447	206.8	203.9	8.7	-0.5	0.1	0.9	-1.4
Industrial supplies & materials	1	38.486	207.0	200.9	1.0	1.4	-0.3	-0.5	-2.9
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2020=100)		21.752	127.1	126.8	7.0	1.2	0.6	1.7	-0.2
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		11.331	243.6	243.0	10.3	2.2	0.2	3.4	-0.2
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		27.155	191.0	183.2	-2.8	1.0	-0.6	-2.0	-4.1
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	0.940	193.5	190.9	-6.1	0.2	-1.5	0.5	-1.3
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		37.546	207.4	201.2	1.2	1.4	-0.3	-0.5	-3.0
Fuels & lubricants	11	16.657	232.3	217.4	-6.9	1.6	-1.4	-3.2	-6.4
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.117	214.2	213.7	7.7	1.2	0.8	1.7	-0.2
Selected building materials	13	0.771	159.0	159.2	6.2	1.7	-2.1	2.6	0.1
Capital goods	2	31.446	125.3	125.8	1.9	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.4
Nonelectrical machinery	21	21.652	103.9	103.9	0.9	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.0
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	6.140	224.9	225.2	2.9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	9.240	132.3	132.5	2.7	0.2	0.2	0.9	0.2
Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)	30	9.240	104.1	104.3	2.8	0.2	0.2	1.0	0.2
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	12.757	119.5	119.7	1.4	0.4	0.0	0.7	0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	7.114	109.7	109.9	2.4	0.2	-0.3	0.6	0.2
Durables, manufactured	41	4.638	123.6	123.9	1.6	0.3	0.7	0.7	0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.005	119.2	119.2	-5.4	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for NAICS industries: May 2024 to May 2025 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
			Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
					May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Nonmanufacturing		8.318	152.2	146.0	-5.4	1.7	-2.8	-1.9	-4.1
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.460	272.0	269.2	16.4	-0.8	0.3	-0.5	-1.0
Crop production	111	2.092	290.7	288.2	19.4	-0.8	0.3	-0.1	-0.9
Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)	112	0.229	126.7	125.9	3.3	-0.4	-1.4	-3.4	-0.6
Forestry and logging (Jan. 2025=100)	113	0.100	100.5	96.6	-	-2.5	0.4	2.7	-3.9
Fishing, hunting and trapping (Jan. 2025=100)	114	0.039	93.4	89.6	-	0.0	4.4	-10.5	-4.1
Mining	21	5.857	136.2	129.0	-13.0	2.8	-4.0	-2.5	-5.3
Oil and gas extraction	211	5.642	133.8	126.3	-14.0	2.7	-4.1	-2.5	-5.6
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)	212	0.215	120.6	123.4	11.8	2.2	-1.6	-0.2	2.3
Manufacturing		91.378	123.2	123.7	0.6	0.1	-0.1	0.2	0.4
Manufacturing, part 1	31	10.710	142.1	142.6	1.0	0.4	-0.5	-0.6	0.4
Food manufacturing	311	4.650	206.8	208.7	6.2	1.1	-0.1	-0.2	0.9
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.054	139.7	138.3	-2.7	-0.4	-0.8	-0.3	-1.0
Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)	313	0.291	101.5	103.8	1.6	1.3	-0.9	-0.4	2.3
Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100)	314	0.746	98.0	98.3	-1.8	0.9	-1.2	-1.5	0.3
Apparel manufacturing	315	2.705	115.9	115.4	-2.9	-0.3	-1.1	-0.6	-0.4
Manufacturing, part 2	32	18.729	139.2	139.8	-2.9	-0.1	-0.6	-0.2	0.4
Wood product manufacturing (Jan. 2025=100)	321	0.826	101.0	100.3	-	-0.2	0.5	0.7	-0.7
Paper manufacturing	322	0.775	117.0	117.3	-4.2	-0.9	-0.6	0.3	0.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.074	119.7	120.3	-20.0	0.4	-3.0	-3.1	0.5
Chemical manufacturing	325	11.587	150.0	150.7	-0.5	-0.3	0.2	0.1	0.5
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.369	129.0	130.0	-1.1	0.2	-1.7	0.2	0.8
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.957	141.6	142.8	-1.3	-0.4	-1.1	-0.8	0.8
Manufacturing, part 3	33	61.939	114.5	114.9	1.6	0.2	0.1	0.5	0.3
Primary metal manufacturing	331	5.060	256.6	260.1	11.2	2.3	1.8	1.7	1.4
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.995	144.6	145.8	0.6	0.7	-0.8	-0.2	0.8
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.148	132.8	133.2	1.0	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.3
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	15.434	71.6	71.7	-0.6	-0.6	-0.3	0.0	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	6.810	126.8	127.1	1.4	-0.4	0.3	2.8	0.2
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	16.484	121.2	121.3	1.2	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.528	129.8	131.2	2.6	-0.2	0.2	0.2	1.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.480	131.7	132.4	2.0	0.8	0.3	0.5	0.5
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for NAICS industries: May 2024 to May 2025 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
			Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
					May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Nonmanufacturing		14.849	174.2	163.7	-3.3	1.2	-1.1	-2.4	-6.0
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	3.924	183.2	183.2	-0.7	0.8	-0.2	1.2	0.0
Crop production	111	3.676	193.9	194.6	0.3	0.9	-0.3	0.9	0.4
Animal production (Jan. 2025=100)	112	0.106	105.9	99.6	-	-2.7	1.4	7.3	-5.9
Forestry and logging (Jan. 2025=100)	113	0.102	104.1	104.2	-	-0.1	-0.6	4.8	0.1
Fishing, hunting and trapping (Jan. 2025=100)	114	0.041	105.1	86.9	-	-2.0	2.9	4.3	-17.3
Mining	21	10.925	111.1	102.1	-4.0	1.3	-1.5	-3.6	-8.1
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)	211	9.846	100.9	92.4	-1.6	2.0	-1.3	-4.2	-8.4
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.079	115.6	109.3	-20.3	-4.4	-3.4	2.9	-5.4
Manufacturing		83.562	138.1	138.2	2.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0.1
Manufacturing, part 1	31	5.966	171.6	172.7	2.1	0.3	0.0	-0.3	0.6
Food manufacturing	311	4.356	204.4	205.3	3.0	0.5	-0.1	-0.4	0.4
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.464	134.0	133.3	-0.7	-0.9	0.5	1.4	-0.5
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.127	135.1	134.1	0.0	0.5	-0.1	-0.1	-0.7
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.464	130.9	127.6	5.0	2.7	-3.2	3.5	-2.5
Paper manufacturing (Jan. 2025=100)	322	1.350	99.8	100.9	-	-0.5	-0.1	0.4	1.1
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	5.417	133.4	129.5	-10.4	2.1	-1.2	-2.3	-2.9
Chemical manufacturing	325	14.888	136.1	135.7	3.4	0.2	0.5	0.2	-0.3
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.121	136.6	135.1	0.3	-1.7	-0.2	2.1	-1.1
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.697	132.4	137.0	3.9	1.5	-0.5	-0.5	3.5
Manufacturing, part 3	33	52.469	136.3	136.7	3.7	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.3
Primary metal manufacturing	331	5.042	266.3	266.4	24.7	5.3	3.0	5.0	0.0
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.858	153.7	154.1	0.9	0.1	0.2	-0.5	0.3
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	12.180	83.8	83.7	0.2	-0.1	0.4	0.5	-0.1
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	14.465	153.8	154.1	2.9	0.2	0.1	0.7	0.2
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100)	337	0.340	104.9	105.3	2.9	0.3	-0.7	0.4	0.4
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.926	142.9	143.2	0.4	0.6	0.4	0.7	0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for Harmonized categories of goods: May 2024 to May 2025 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
			Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
					May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Live animals; animal products	I	1.533	258.2	256.0	5.9	0.8	0.7	-0.5	-0.9
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.483	371.3	375.8	5.0	1.7	1.2	1.2	1.2
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.725	164.9	159.9	7.4	-0.3	0.7	-1.2	-3.0
Dairy products, eggs, and honey (Jan. 2025=100)	04	0.147	102.7	101.8	-	0.5	0.9	1.3	-0.9
Vegetable products	II	2.318	283.5	279.7	11.6	-0.9	-0.3	0.5	-1.3
Live trees & plants; bulbs, roots; cut flowers and ornamental foliage (Jan. 2025=100)	06	0.160	87.1	84.5	-	-2.0	-9.4	-1.9	-3.0
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.504	512.7	509.6	7.4	-4.6	-3.7	-1.7	-0.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.822	135.5	130.9	5.0	-1.2	-0.7	0.1	-3.4
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.515	445.0	448.4	48.4	4.3	9.9	5.1	0.8
Cereals (Jan. 2025=100)	10	0.100	97.3	98.4	-	2.5	-6.8	1.9	1.1
Milling industry products; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten (Jan. 2025=100)	11	0.073	95.3	94.0	-	0.1	-3.2	-1.7	-1.4
Oilseeds & misc grains, seeds, plants, straw & fodder (Jan. 2025=100)	12	0.089	95.6	99.8	-	-0.7	1.4	-5.1	4.4
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.556	159.8	161.9	6.7	0.2	-2.6	1.7	1.3
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared (Dec. 2023=100)	15	0.556	107.6	109.0	6.8	0.2	-2.6	1.7	1.3
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.545	214.7	217.6	4.3	1.0	0.1	-1.1	1.4
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)	17	0.236	120.5	122.5	-4.2	1.4	-2.9	1.5	1.7
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.518	303.0	331.5	37.6	8.6	9.6	-6.8	9.4
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.473	97.1	97.5	-2.4	-1.1	-1.2	-0.9	0.4
Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants (Jan. 2025=100)	20	0.438	98.7	99.2	-	0.2	-0.7	-0.8	0.5
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)	21	0.391	98.5	97.8	6.5	0.5	-5.2	3.0	-0.7
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	0.995	151.6	150.3	-3.1	-0.5	-1.2	-0.3	-0.9
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed (Jan. 2025=100)	23	0.160	97.6	98.0	-	-1.0	-0.2	-1.2	0.4
Tobacco and manufactured tobacco substitutes (Jan. 2025=100)	24	0.110	101.0	100.0	-	-0.7	3.0	-1.3	-1.0
Mineral products	V	8.077	269.9	259.9	-14.6	2.2	-3.8	-2.5	-3.7
Salt; sulfur; earths and stone; plaster materials, lime & cement (Jan. 2025=100)	25	0.170	97.8	97.5	-	2.4	-4.9	0.4	-0.3
Ores, slag and ash (Jan. 2025=100)	26	0.104	104.2	105.8	-	5.4	-1.5	0.4	1.5
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	7.803	262.7	252.6	-15.2	2.1	-3.8	-2.7	-3.8
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.093	171.0	170.9	-1.3	-0.6	0.0	0.2	-0.1
Inorganic chemicals (Dec. 2024=100)	28	0.514	94.5	87.9	-	-5.8	2.1	-2.0	-7.0
Organic chemicals	29	2.003	131.4	132.2	-3.2	-0.7	0.1	-2.2	0.6
Pharmaceutical products	30	6.247	155.2	156.0	-0.3	-0.3	-0.3	1.4	0.5
Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)	31	0.284	64.9	64.7	5.4	1.5	0.2	4.3	-0.3
Soap, lubricants; waxes, candles, polishing products, and modeling paste (Dec. 2024=100)	34	0.185	100.0	99.6	-	-1.2	0.6	1.0	-0.4
Albuminoidal substances; modified starches; glues; enzymes (Jan. 2025=100)	35	0.119	94.2	97.0	-	-4.3	-0.3	-1.3	3.0
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.795	108.0	110.3	-1.2	-1.6	-1.2	-0.3	2.1
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.329	152.4	152.9	-0.6	0.5	-1.6	0.1	0.3
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.213	149.0	149.1	-1.2	0.8	-1.5	0.1	0.1
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.115	162.2	163.5	0.6	0.1	-1.8	0.1	0.8
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork (Jan. 2025=100)	IX	0.866	101.1	99.9	-	0.0	0.8	0.3	-1.2
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Jan. 2025=100)	44	0.836	101.2	99.7	-	-0.1	0.9	0.4	-1.5
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products (Jan. 2025=100)	X	0.856	98.6	98.7	-	-0.9	-0.7	0.2	0.1
Pulp wood, waste paper, and paperboard (Jan. 2025=100)	47	0.135	101.7	104.6	-	-0.6	0.0	2.3	2.9
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard (Jan. 2025=100)	48	0.560	97.7	97.2	-	-1.2	-1.0	-0.1	-0.5
Textile and textile articles	XI	3.607	117.7	118.0	-2.4	0.2	-1.2	-0.8	0.3
Manmade filaments, yarns and woven fabrics (Jan. 2025=100)	54	0.072	99.1	98.9	-	1.1	-0.8	-1.2	-0.2
Manmade staple fibers, yarns & woven fabrics (Jan. 2025=100)	55	0.053	97.1	100.1	-	-1.3	0.7	-2.3	3.1
Wadding, felt and nonwovens; special yarns; twine, cordage, and ropes (Jan. 2025=100)	56	0.088	99.8	100.8	-	1.0	-0.2	-1.0	1.0
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100)	61	1.414	96.2	96.4	-3.3	-0.7	-1.0	-0.8	0.2
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.170	125.5	125.2	-1.9	0.6	-1.3	-0.5	-0.2
Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec. 2023=100)	63	0.510	96.4	96.4	-3.1	1.2	-1.9	-0.8	0.0
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.048	123.7	124.3	-1.6	-0.5	-0.1	-1.5	0.5
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	0.857	121.7	122.3	-1.0	-0.4	0.2	-1.2	0.5
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.818	134.2	135.8	-1.7	-0.7	-1.2	-0.8	1.2
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.287	95.8	97.2	-3.5	-1.4	-2.5	-0.9	1.5
Ceramic products (Dec. 2024=100)	69	0.236	98.4	99.2	-	0.2	-0.3	-1.3	0.8
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)	70	0.295	109.6	111.0	-1.1	-0.6	-0.6	-0.5	1.3
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.763	286.6	294.0	23.0	4.4	2.4	4.0	2.6
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	3.763	127.3	130.6	23.0	4.4	2.4	4.0	2.6
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.360	228.9	229.9	-1.0	0.6	0.0	-0.4	0.4
Iron and steel (Jan. 2025=100)	72	0.956	97.6	97.8	-	-0.6	-1.2	-0.6	0.2
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.577	186.1	190.4	-0.6	1.1	-0.8	-1.0	2.3
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.583	452.9	448.4	-0.8	1.1	4.6	3.1	-1.0
Nickel and articles thereof (Jan. 2025=100)	75	0.115	100.1	103.3	-	0.6	0.1	-0.6	3.2
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.025	210.1	205.4	5.4	0.7	0.8	-1.5	-2.2
Lead and articles thereof (Jan. 2025=100)	78	0.040	102.5	103.3	-	7.0	-6.0	1.9	0.8
Zinc and articles thereof (Jan. 2025=100)	79	0.085	93.8	94.1	-	-1.1	-1.5	-3.7	0.3
Tin and articles thereof (Jan. 2025=100)	80	0.036	105.0	108.4	-	-1.7	2.8	3.9	3.2
Base metals nesoi; cermets; articles thereof (Jan. 2025=100)	81	0.121	99.4	102.8	-	1.0	-2.2	0.6	3.4
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.356	130.4	129.6	-1.4	0.8	-0.4	-0.9	-0.6
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.467	142.0	144.2	1.6	0.5	-0.8	0.1	1.5
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	30.479	82.4	82.5	0.4	-0.2	-0.1	0.7	0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.232	90.1	90.3	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	15.247	75.2	75.3	0.3	-0.5	-0.3	1.3	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	13.984	125.3	125.3	1.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	12.995	124.0	124.0	0.7	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	0.839	115.3	115.3	5.0	0.1	1.7	0.2	0.0
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	4.349	111.7	112.6	1.6	-0.1	0.2	0.8	0.8
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	4.050	107.1	107.7	1.1	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.6
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	3.898	121.8	122.1	1.3	0.1	0.0	0.6	0.2
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.188	129.4	129.9	2.2	-0.3	0.2	1.1	0.4
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.438	107.3	107.4	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.272	153.7	153.1	0.3	1.7	-2.1	-1.5	-0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for Harmonized categories of goods: May 2024 to May 2025 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
			Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
					May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Live animals; animal products	I	1.967	282.2	278.5	2.1	0.6	0.3	-0.2	-1.3
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.264	246.0	243.6	2.6	0.8	0.9	-0.1	-1.0
Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Jan. 2025=100)	03	0.252	99.9	97.5	-	1.1	-0.5	-0.7	-2.4
Dairy products, eggs and honey (Jan. 2025=100)	04	0.341	97.9	96.6	-	0.4	-1.0	-1.5	-1.3
Products of animal origin, nesoi (Jan. 2025=100)	05	0.048	97.3	100.8	-	1.8	-1.4	-3.1	3.6
Vegetable products	II	3.731	242.7	244.2	2.1	1.0	-0.2	1.1	0.6
Edible Vegetables (Jan. 2025=100)	07	0.280	98.1	99.2	-	-1.3	-1.8	1.2	1.1
Edible fruit and nuts; citrus or melon peels	08	1.052	192.2	195.0	28.8	-0.2	0.0	6.7	1.5
Cereals	10	0.950	234.3	232.1	-2.6	0.9	-0.2	-1.5	-0.9
Milling industry products; malt; starches; inulin; wheat gluten (Jan. 2025=100)	11	0.054	100.6	98.8	-	-0.5	-0.4	1.5	-1.8
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.251	215.0	216.6	-10.9	2.6	-0.2	-1.6	0.7
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Jan. 2025=100)	III	0.099	102.3	98.8	-	-2.3	1.4	3.2	-3.4
Animal or vegetable fats & oils (Jan. 2025=100)	15	0.099	102.3	98.8	-	-2.3	1.4	3.2	-3.4
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.719	181.4	183.8	2.5	-0.4	0.5	-0.4	1.3
Edible preps of meat, of fish, or of aquatic invertebrates (Jan. 2025=100)	16	0.129	101.9	101.3	-	-0.2	3.7	-1.5	-0.6
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Jan. 2025=100)	17	0.140	98.2	99.8	-	-0.7	-0.1	-1.0	1.6
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Jan. 2025=100)	18	0.148	103.7	109.1	-	6.8	-3.0	0.1	5.2
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.280	103.9	104.4	4.1	-0.8	-0.3	1.7	0.5
Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants (Jan. 2025=100)	20	0.306	100.5	100.0	-	-0.4	0.7	0.2	-0.5
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.534	116.9	121.0	0.7	0.2	0.3	-1.9	3.5
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2024=100)	22	0.483	99.9	101.7	-	-3.3	3.2	0.1	1.8
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.617	240.2	241.0	-2.9	0.0	-0.9	-0.6	0.3
Mineral products	V	16.434	281.0	262.8	-6.6	1.6	-1.3	-3.1	-6.5
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.437	138.1	134.5	-0.2	-2.7	1.0	3.4	-2.6
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	15.836	268.2	250.6	-6.8	1.7	-1.3	-3.4	-6.6
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	12.656	167.1	167.2	6.0	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.1
Inorganic chemicals (Jan. 2025=100)	28	0.988	101.8	102.2	-	0.6	0.1	1.1	0.4
Organic chemicals (Jan. 2025=100)	29	2.808	100.1	100.4	-	1.3	2.1	-3.2	0.3
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.580	107.5	107.5	3.7	0.1	0.2	0.7	0.0
Fertilizers (Jan. 2025=100)	31	0.234	101.4	102.7	-	0.1	2.3	-1.0	1.3
Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2024=100)	32	0.461	109.1	109.9	-	-0.2	0.3	7.5	0.7
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.779	150.0	148.7	1.5	0.1	-1.3	2.6	-0.9
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.008	194.3	193.5	-0.3	-0.2	-0.5	0.4	-0.4
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.880	198.9	200.5	3.9	0.7	-0.5	1.1	0.8
Raw hides and skins other than furskins and leather (Jan. 2025=100)	41	0.065	90.4	87.1	-	-6.6	1.9	-5.0	-3.7
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.529	119.2	116.2	5.9	1.7	-2.1	3.7	-2.5
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2023=100)	44	0.528	111.3	108.5	6.1	1.9	-2.1	3.6	-2.5
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products (Jan. 2025=100)	X	1.538	100.8	101.0	-	-0.1	-0.2	1.1	0.2
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.527	175.3	173.3	0.4	0.8	1.4	1.1	-1.1
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard (Jan. 2025=100)	48	0.795	99.5	100.7	-	-0.7	-1.0	1.2	1.2
Textile and textile articles (Jan. 2025=100)	XI	1.275	99.5	100.3	-	0.1	-0.8	0.2	0.8
Cotton, yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.307	135.0	133.5	-13.8	-1.8	-1.4	-1.2	-1.1
Manmade filaments, yarns and woven fabrics (Jan. 2025=100)	54	0.077	102.8	102.3	-	0.2	-1.3	3.9	-0.5
Manmade staple fibers, yarns and woven fabrics (Jan. 2025=100)	55	0.122	100.5	99.6	-	-1.2	-0.1	1.8	-0.9
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.709	157.5	162.9	6.1	2.0	-1.1	-0.4	3.4
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.329	114.8	120.7	4.8	0.3	-0.5	-0.3	5.1
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	5.112	407.9	407.7	20.4	5.6	0.8	5.5	0.0
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals; jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	5.112	130.7	130.6	20.5	5.7	0.8	5.5	-0.1
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.665	218.3	217.9	2.3	0.5	1.7	1.1	-0.2
Iron and steel (Jan. 2025=100)	72	0.988	103.8	103.1	-	-0.3	1.6	2.5	-0.7
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.648	302.0	300.4	-2.4	3.3	3.1	1.6	-0.5
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.823	163.4	161.9	4.6	-0.7	2.3	1.9	-0.9
Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)	83	0.314	107.2	108.1	2.3	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.8
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	25.887	110.5	111.0	2.2	0.0	0.4	0.6	0.5
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.285	136.9	137.2	2.8	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.2
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	10.602	83.3	83.9	1.3	-0.2	0.4	0.6	0.7
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	10.583	158.5	158.8	2.1	0.3	0.3	-0.2	0.2
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	7.754	131.5	131.8	1.5	0.2	0.2	-0.5	0.2
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.708	120.4	120.8	0.3	-0.1	0.2	0.4	0.3
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100)	90	5.708	101.6	101.9	0.5	-0.1	0.1	0.5	0.3
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.121	142.7	141.3	3.7	0.7	0.4	3.7	-1.0
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi	94	0.552	151.7	153.6	1.7	-0.1	0.3	-1.0	1.3
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.412	125.2	126.4	6.5	1.2	1.8	6.6	1.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: May 2024 to May 2025 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
		Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
				May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	147.7	147.4	-0.1	0.3	-0.4	0.3	-0.2
Nonmanufacturing	10.170	247.2	234.4	-9.0	2.7	-4.6	-2.1	-5.2
Manufacturing	89.417	139.6	140.1	0.9	0.1	0.1	0.4	0.4
Canada	100.000	171.5	169.7	-2.3	0.9	-1.8	-0.1	-1.0
Nonmanufacturing	29.056	240.8	228.0	-9.2	2.8	-4.8	-2.0	-5.3
Manufacturing	70.165	156.7	157.8	0.8	0.1	-0.6	0.7	0.7
European Union	100.000	157.4	158.1	-0.5	0.4	-0.3	0.2	0.4
Manufacturing	99.345	153.1	153.7	-0.5	0.4	-0.3	0.2	0.4
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	159.6	161.9	2.2	0.9	2.0	-0.8	1.4
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	126.7	128.9	3.5	0.7	0.0	0.3	1.7
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	140.5	137.7	-1.1	1.7	0.0	0.4	-2.0
Latin America(3)	100.000	176.4	175.4	0.7	0.5	-0.5	-0.2	-0.6
Nonmanufacturing	14.213	342.2	330.1	-0.2	0.6	-2.4	-1.6	-3.5
Manufacturing	85.480	142.3	142.2	0.9	0.4	-0.1	0.0	-0.1
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	149.6	149.1	0.9	0.4	-0.4	-0.3	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	8.769	174.9	168.6	-5.1	0.5	-3.0	-2.5	-3.6
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	90.947	102.4	102.4	1.6	0.3	-0.1	-0.1	0.0
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	102.4	102.5	0.4	0.1	-0.3	-0.1	0.1
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	98.6	98.4	-2.1	-0.1	-0.5	-0.7	-0.2
Japan	100.000	102.1	102.0	0.9	0.4	-0.1	-0.1	-0.1
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	111.2	111.2	2.8	0.4	0.6	0.1	0.0
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	96.0	96.0	1.7	1.7	-0.5	0.1	0.0
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	103.3	104.4	4.1	-0.1	0.0	2.4	1.1
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	207.6	205.3	-6.8	-0.2	-1.2	-0.2	-1.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: May 2024 to May 2025 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
		Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
				May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	127.1	126.8	3.8	0.6	0.2	0.6	-0.2
Nonmanufacturing	14.804	143.4	135.5	-3.0	0.8	-1.0	-1.4	-5.5
Manufacturing	83.695	125.2	126.1	5.1	0.6	0.6	0.9	0.7
Canada	100.000	133.3	134.0	4.0	0.5	0.0	1.3	0.5
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	8.592	149.3	147.0	8.0	2.1	0.6	1.6	-1.5
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	89.471	123.8	124.6	3.7	0.2	0.2	1.4	0.6
European Union	100.000	120.3	119.3	-2.4	-0.2	-0.1	-0.6	-0.8
Nonmanufacturing	20.660	131.7	124.0	-14.5	-0.4	-0.7	-3.0	-5.8
Manufacturing	78.410	118.7	119.2	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.4
Germany	100.000	126.1	127.6	2.6	-0.8	2.1	-0.6	1.2
Latin America(3)	100.000	124.1	122.3	-1.1	1.2	0.2	-0.5	-1.5
Nonmanufacturing	9.104	154.9	140.3	3.0	4.3	-0.1	-4.0	-9.4
Manufacturing	90.348	121.9	121.2	-1.2	0.9	0.3	-0.2	-0.6
Mexico	100.000	126.1	124.7	0.6	1.9	0.2	-0.2	-1.1
Nonmanufacturing	8.079	139.6	123.2	13.1	10.5	0.7	-6.9	-11.7
Manufacturing	91.203	126.0	125.9	-0.1	1.1	0.2	0.5	-0.1
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	115.2	114.5	-0.1	0.3	-0.3	0.3	-0.6
Nonmanufacturing	20.933	111.3	105.8	-11.2	0.8	-2.1	-2.5	-4.9
Manufacturing	77.329	117.9	118.5	3.1	0.3	0.2	1.1	0.5
China	100.000	109.9	110.1	2.5	0.3	0.2	0.9	0.2
Nonmanufacturing	25.747	96.2	95.6	-7.5	0.1	-0.7	-1.7	-0.6
Manufacturing	72.482	117.1	117.9	6.5	0.4	0.5	1.7	0.7
Japan	100.000	114.8	113.7	2.2	1.1	0.0	-0.3	-1.0
Nonmanufacturing	22.338	121.0	111.7	-7.5	1.8	-1.8	-1.7	-7.7
Manufacturing	76.477	113.3	114.1	4.9	0.9	0.5	0.3	0.7
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: May 2024 to May 2025(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
			May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Industrialized Countries(2)	105.3	105.3	3.9	0.4	0.6	0.3	0.0
Canada	102.1	103.8	6.6	-0.4	1.9	1.3	1.7
European Union	102.9	101.6	-1.8	-0.7	0.3	-0.8	-1.3
Germany	114.6	113.9	-0.9	-1.5	2.0	-0.9	-0.6
Latin America(3)	104.8	103.8	-1.7	0.8	0.8	-0.3	-1.0
Mexico	108.7	107.9	-0.4	1.5	0.6	0.2	-0.7
Pacific Rim(4)	110.7	109.9	-0.5	0.3	0.0	0.5	-0.7
China	111.6	112.0	4.7	0.4	0.7	1.6	0.4
Japan	107.4	106.5	1.3	0.7	0.2	-0.2	-0.8
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: May 2024 to May 2025 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Apr. 2025(1)	Index		Percent change
		Apr. 2025	May 2025	Annual	Monthly
				May 2024 to May 2025	Jan. 2025 to Feb. 2025	Feb. 2025 to Mar. 2025	Mar. 2025 to Apr. 2025	Apr. 2025 to May 2025
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	242.1	234.9	1.7	-13.3	0.0	4.9	-3.0
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.610	177.6	188.5	19.2	-1.3	-5.6	13.0	6.1
Asia	65.475	246.8	229.6	-5.7	-18.7	2.1	3.9	-7.0
Export Air Freight	100.000	178.3	177.5	5.1	-1.8	1.7	0.8	-0.4
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	35.717	129.5	139.4	12.8	0.6	0.2	-1.5	7.6
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	48.000	138.6	133.1	-3.5	-1.8	1.3	-0.7	-4.0
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	186.9	182.7	9.1	-7.9	2.8	5.2	-2.2
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	25.507	153.6	163.4	17.8	3.0	-6.6	13.6	6.4
Asia	59.269	177.6	165.9	1.0	-13.0	3.1	2.6	-6.6
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	167.0	167.7	1.3	-1.2	0.1	-0.9	0.4
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	35.545	163.1	180.9	14.0	-0.3	-0.3	-3.3	10.9
Asia	37.720	177.7	162.8	-9.2	-3.0	0.3	-0.1	-8.4
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	168.4	180.7	-0.4	3.4	0.6	-3.0	7.3
Europe	42.567	179.7	205.2	-1.4	3.0	3.0	-7.9	14.2
Asia	18.426	151.7	160.4	-6.7	-2.9	4.5	-3.2	5.7
Latin America/Caribbean	9.178	154.3	143.7	4.4	6.7	-1.2	0.2	-6.9
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	181.3	177.8	0.6	-13.0	2.6	1.2	-1.9
Europe	33.458	217.8	227.8	4.1	-10.8	5.0	2.3	4.6
Asia	15.964	168.4	164.4	-13.1	-21.2	4.5	-0.2	-2.4
Latin America/Caribbean	29.816	191.7	172.1	8.4	-17.8	-1.0	4.6	-10.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2023 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

					     TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. The air freight indexes are calculated from data collected directly from 
airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the service being priced is the 
movement of freight from airport to airport only and does not include any ground transportation or port 
service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: balance of payments (which 
represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and international (which represents 
transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) 

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

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