Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until				    USDL-19-1301
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, July 16, 2019

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                            U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - JUNE 2019

U.S. import prices decreased 0.9 percent in June, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, after 
recording no change in May. Falling prices for both fuel and nonfuel imports in June contributed to the 
overall decrease. Prices for U.S. exports fell 0.7 percent in June following a 0.2-percent decline the previous 
month.  


Imports

Prices for U.S. imports declined 0.9 percent in June, the first monthly decrease since the index fell 1.4 
percent in December 2018. Import prices decreased 2.0 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-
the-year drop since the index fell 2.2 percent from August 2015 to August 2016. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices fell 6.5 percent in June following a 2.3-percent advance the previous 
month. The June downturn was the first monthly decline since the index decreased 13.3 percent in 
December 2018. Lower petroleum and natural gas prices in June both contributed to the overall fall in fuel 
prices. The price index for import petroleum declined 6.2 percent in June, after rising 2.4 percent in May. 
Natural gas prices fell 21.0 percent in June and 58.4 percent in the second quarter of 2019. Import fuel 
prices declined 6.6 percent over the past 12 months, driven by a 7.4-percent drop in petroleum prices. 
Natural gas prices declined 1.2 percent over the past year as the drop in the second quarter largely offset a 
126.6-percent increase in the fourth quarter of 2018.     

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices fell 0.3 percent for the second consecutive month in 
June. Lower prices for foods, feeds, and beverages; nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; capital goods; 
and consumer goods more than offset rising prices for automotive vehicles. Prices for nonfuel imports 
declined 1.4 percent over the past 12 months, the same over-the-year decline recorded in May. The decline 
from June 2018 to June 2019 was primarily driven by decreasing prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and 
materials.    

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials declined 0.6 
percent in June, after falling 1.0-percent in May. The June decrease was driven by a 1.0-percent drop in 
unfinished metals prices and a 0.8-percent decrease in chemicals prices. 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly down in June. Capital goods prices fell 0.2 percent and 
have not recorded a monthly advance since the index rose 0.1 percent in March 2018. The June decline was 
led by a 0.6-percent drop in the price index for computers, peripherals, and semiconductors. Consumer 
goods prices also decreased, edging down 0.1 percent. In contrast, prices for automotive vehicles ticked up 
0.1 percent in June.    

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for import foods, feeds, and beverages decreased 1.5 percent 
in June, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 1.6 percent in November 2018. The June decline was 
driven by a 10.3-percent decrease in fruit prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2018
June	0.0	2.6	-0.3	0.2	-1.0	0.3
July	-0.1	0.8	-0.2	-0.5	-5.2	0.1
August	-0.4	-2.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.4	-0.2
September	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	-1.3	0.2
October	0.5	3.3	0.1	0.5	-0.1	0.5
November	-1.6	-12.2	-0.2	-0.8	1.7	-1.0
December	-1.4	-13.3	0.0	-0.6	3.8	-1.1
2019
January	0.2	4.6	-0.3	-0.6	-2.1	-0.4
February	1.0	10.2	0.1	0.6	0.2	0.7
March	0.6	(r)7.2	-0.2	(r)0.7	(r)0.9	0.7
April	(r)0.2	(r)1.8	-0.1	0.1	-1.5	0.2
May	(r)0.0	(r)2.3	-0.3	-0.2	(r)-1.1	-0.2
June	-0.9	-6.5	-0.3	-0.7	2.7	-1.1
June 2017 to 2018	4.7	38.5	1.5	5.3	5.3	5.3
June 2018 to 2019	-2.0	-6.6	-1.4	-1.6	-1.9	-1.6
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices fell 0.7 percent in June, after decreasing 0.2 percent in May. The June decline was the 
largest monthly drop for the index since a 0.8-percent decrease in November 2018. The price index for 
overall exports fell 1.6 percent for the year ended in June, the largest 12-month decline since the index 
decreased 2.4 percent from August 2015 to August 2016. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Prices for agricultural exports increased 2.7 percent in June following a 1.1-percent 
decline the previous month. The advance was the largest monthly rise since the index increased 3.8 percent 
in December 2018. In June, the advance was led by a 13.5-percent rise in corn prices and a 5.0-percent 
increase in soybean prices; higher fruit, wheat, and nut prices also contributed to the overall rise in 
agricultural prices. Despite the June advance, agricultural export prices fell 1.9 percent from June 2018 to 
June 2019. The drop over the past year was led by a 14.4-percent decrease in soybean prices.   

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports decreased 1.1 percent in June, after 
declining 0.2 percent in May. The June drop was the largest monthly decrease since the index fell 1.1 
percent in December 2018. In June, lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials more 
than offset higher prices for capital goods and consumer goods. Nonagricultural prices declined 1.6 percent 
over the past year, the largest 12-month drop since the index fell 2.3 percent for the year ended in August 
2016. The decrease over the past 12 months was led by lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies 
and materials.

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies 
and materials declined 3.1 percent in June following a 0.6-percent drop the previous month. In June, the 
decrease was led by a 7.7-percent drop in export fuel prices, the largest monthly decline in fuel prices since 
the index fell 8.4 percent in December 2018.  

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly up in June. Capital goods prices rose 0.2 percent in 
June and have not recorded a monthly decline since the index edged down 0.1 percent in October 2018. 
Prices for consumer goods ticked up 0.1 percent, after falling 0.1 percent in May. The price index for export 
automotive vehicles prices recorded no change in June.   


Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China edged down 0.1 percent for the second 
consecutive month in June. Import prices from China have not recorded a monthly advance since the index 
rose 0.1 percent in May 2018. The price index for imports from China decreased 1.5 percent over the past 
year, the largest 12-month decline since the index fell 1.6 percent for the year ended February 2017. Prices 
for imports from Japan recorded no change in June following a 0.1-percent rise the previous month. Import 
prices from Japan advanced 0.2 percent for the year ended in June. The price indexes for imports from 
Canada and Mexico both declined in June led by lower fuel prices. Prices for imports from Canada fell 2.7 
percent and import prices from Mexico decreased 1.3 percent. Prices for imports from the European Union 
also declined in June, falling 0.4 percent. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China declined 0.5 percent in June, after falling 1.5 
percent in May. Prices for exports to China fell 4.4 percent from June 2018 to June 2019. The price index 
for exports to Japan declined 0.3 percent in June following a 1.0 percent drop the previous month. Export 
prices to Japan decreased 2.2 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for exports to Canada fell for the third 
consecutive month, declining 0.6 percent in June, after a 0.4-percent drop in May and a 0.8-percent decrease 
in April. The price index for exports to Mexico fell 1.2 percent in June following a 0.1-percent drop in May. 
The June decline was the largest monthly decrease since the index fell 1.3 percent in January. Export prices 
to the European Union decreased 0.7 percent in June, the largest monthly drop since the index was first 
published in December 2017. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China fell 0.4 
percent in June, after decreasing 1.4 percent the previous month. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
China also fell over the past 12 months, decreasing 2.9 percent. U.S. terms of trade with Japan declined 0.3 
percent in June following a 1.1-percent decrease in May. U.S. terms of trade with Japan declined 2.3 percent 
for the year ended in June. The index for U.S terms of trade with the European Union decreased 0.3 percent 
in June and rose 1.1 percent over the past 12 months. In contrast, the U.S. terms of trade with Canada rose 
2.2 percent in June, after falling 0.6 percent in May. U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 3.0 percent over 
the past year. The U.S. terms of trade with Mexico ticked up 0.1 percent in June and fell 1.2 percent from 
June 2018 to June 2019. (See table 9.)


Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares increased 6.7 percent in June, after advancing 6.9 percent in May. A 
7.3-percent advance in European fares and a 9.7-percent rise in Asian fares were the primary contributors to 
the June increase in overall air passenger fares. The index for import air passenger fares fell 2.5 percent over 
the past 12 months despite the June and May advances. Import air freight prices declined 0.2 percent in June 
and 7.3 percent from June 2018 to June 2019. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares rose 4.0 percent following a 0.7-percent increase the previous month. 
The June advance was the largest monthly rise since a 7.0-percent increase in January, and was led by 
higher Asian, European, and Latin American/Caribbean fares. Despite the recent advances, export air 
passenger fares declined 3.0 percent for the year ended in June. Prices for export air freight fell 0.5 percent 
in June, the largest monthly decline since the index decreased 6.2 percent in December 2017. Export air 
freight prices increased 0.7 percent over the past year.    

Import and Export Price Index data for July are scheduled for release on Wednesday, August 14, 2019 at 
8:30 a.m. (EDT).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2018 to June 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
			May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
					June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
All commodities		100.000	126.8	125.6	-2.0	0.6	0.2	0.0	-0.9
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		82.670	99.3	99.1	-1.6	-0.1	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2
All imports excluding petroleum		89.117	112.3	111.9	-1.4	0.0	-0.5	-0.3	-0.4
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		88.727	116.5	116.2	-1.4	-0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.3
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	6.057	182.5	179.8	1.0	-0.3	2.7	-0.7	-1.5
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	4.729	200.5	196.8	1.1	-0.7	3.4	-0.8	-1.8
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.328	141.6	141.5	0.9	1.1	0.1	-0.4	-0.1
Industrial supplies & materials	1	25.094	195.7	189.3	-5.8	3.0	0.7	0.5	-3.3
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		14.380	153.6	151.9	-4.9	1.0	-2.6	-1.0	-1.1
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		13.822	175.2	174.2	-4.9	0.0	-0.1	-1.0	-0.6
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		8.659	165.5	164.9	-6.0	0.4	-0.1	-1.3	-0.4
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		5.552	139.1	136.0	-2.9	1.7	-5.9	-0.4	-2.2
Fuels & lubricants	10	11.273	230.3	215.3	-6.6	7.2	1.8	2.3	-6.5
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	10.883	252.1	236.5	-7.4	6.4	4.6	2.4	-6.2
Crude	10000	7.964	264.2	246.5	-8.8	7.2	5.4	1.7	-6.7
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.390	90.1	75.7	-9.7	19.6	-40.7	-0.2	-16.0
Gas-natural	10110	0.297	74.4	58.8	-1.2	23.6	-47.2	-0.4	-21.0
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.569	120.6	120.1	1.3	-0.4	-0.6	-2.6	-0.4
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	4.593	159.2	157.7	-3.4	-0.7	-0.1	-0.2	-0.9
Selected building materials	13	1.453	140.7	141.8	-12.8	-0.1	-1.4	-1.7	0.8
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	3.724	231.8	229.5	-6.5	0.9	0.7	-1.9	-1.0
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	1.753	157.8	157.3	-3.7	0.3	-0.4	-0.7	-0.3
Nonmetals related to durable goods	16	1.729	112.9	112.9	-0.2	0.1	-0.5	-0.2	0.0
Capital goods	2	27.570	88.4	88.2	-1.3	-0.2	-0.4	-0.1	-0.2
Electric generating equipment	20	3.383	119.1	119.2	1.1	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.1
Nonelectrical machinery	21	21.927	80.6	80.3	-2.0	-0.2	-0.6	-0.1	-0.4
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	2.260	135.8	135.9	0.7	-0.1	0.1	-0.1	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	15.527	109.8	109.9	-0.5	-0.1	-0.2	0.0	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	25.752	106.8	106.7	-0.6	-0.3	-0.3	0.0	-0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	12.265	123.1	123.0	0.2	-0.2	-0.2	0.0	-0.1
Durables, manufactured	41	12.242	91.4	91.4	-1.6	-0.1	-0.3	-0.2	0.0
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	1.245	116.5	116.5	1.4	-2.6	-0.4	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2018 to June 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
			May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
					June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
All commodities		100.000	126.8	125.9	-1.6	0.7	0.1	-0.2	-0.7
Agricultural commodities		9.410	176.0	180.7	-1.9	0.9	-1.5	-1.1	2.7
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		80.192	101.7	101.6	-0.3	0.0	0.2	-0.1	-0.1
Nonagricultural commodities		90.590	123.0	121.7	-1.6	0.7	0.2	-0.2	-1.1
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	8.712	178.6	183.9	-0.6	1.2	-1.8	-1.1	3.0
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.108	176.9	182.6	-0.7	1.2	-1.8	-1.0	3.2
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.604	212.9	211.5	1.4	1.1	-2.1	-2.4	-0.7
Industrial supplies & materials	1	32.690	158.4	153.7	-6.4	1.8	0.6	-0.7	-3.0
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		10.240	165.3	164.6	-2.5	0.6	0.5	-0.8	-0.4
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		22.450	155.5	149.0	-8.2	2.4	0.6	-0.6	-4.2
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.272	176.3	174.3	-9.2	-0.5	0.4	-1.6	-1.1
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		31.419	157.9	153.0	-6.3	1.9	0.6	-0.6	-3.1
Fuels & lubricants	11	11.095	193.1	178.3	-12.8	5.5	1.5	-1.1	-7.7
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	19.330	157.8	156.9	-3.0	0.1	0.0	-0.4	-0.6
Selected building materials	13	0.994	122.3	121.1	-3.1	-0.5	0.8	-0.5	-1.0
Capital goods	2	35.984	110.9	111.1	1.2	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2
Electrical generating equipment	20	3.755	118.0	118.0	0.5	0.1	0.3	0.0	0.0
Nonelectrical machinery	21	23.467	94.7	94.9	0.1	-0.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	8.762	183.9	184.1	4.4	0.3	0.7	0.9	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	10.169	114.8	114.8	0.5	0.0	0.2	-0.1	0.0
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	12.445	110.2	110.3	0.5	0.0	0.3	-0.1	0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	5.900	107.8	107.6	1.1	0.0	0.6	0.0	-0.2
Durables, manufactured	41	5.112	106.9	107.6	-0.1	0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.7
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.433	99.3	98.9	-	-0.4	0.0	-0.3	-0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: June 2018 to June 2019 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
			May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
					June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Nonmanufacturing		10.596	124.5	116.8	-2.9	5.7	3.6	0.9	-6.2
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	1.978	186.8	180.2	4.8	-2.6	6.6	-2.2	-3.5
Crop production	111	1.619	202.8	195.2	6.8	-4.1	8.3	-1.4	-3.7
Mining	21	8.618	118.5	110.4	-4.7	7.8	2.9	1.6	-6.8
Oil and gas extraction	211	8.371	118.5	110.2	-5.2	7.7	3.1	1.6	-7.0
Manufacturing		89.097	111.3	110.9	-1.5	0.1	-0.2	-0.1	-0.4
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.084	125.2	125.0	-0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	-0.2
Food manufacturing	311	3.373	156.2	155.9	-0.4	0.6	0.4	-0.1	-0.2
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.107	122.3	122.0	0.2	-0.1	0.3	-0.2	-0.2
Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)	313	0.361	99.4	99.2	-0.6	-0.3	0.6	-1.1	-0.2
Textile product mills	314	0.926	109.3	109.1	-0.3	-0.3	-0.1	0.6	-0.2
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.701	112.0	112.0	0.3	0.0	-0.1	0.0	0.0
Leather and allied product manufacturing	316	1.616	123.2	123.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3	0.1	-0.1
Manufacturing, part 2	32	17.496	127.1	125.8	-2.5	0.3	0.0	0.5	-1.0
Paper manufacturing	322	1.036	113.3	113.0	1.0	-0.4	-0.3	-2.1	-0.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.672	105.6	100.4	-3.6	4.7	2.4	4.2	-4.9
Chemical manufacturing	325	9.514	139.6	138.9	-1.2	-0.4	-0.3	0.1	-0.5
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.246	119.2	119.2	-0.3	0.0	-0.2	0.0	0.0
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	1.025	131.1	131.1	0.0	0.0	0.2	-0.1	0.0
Manufacturing, part 3	33	60.517	103.7	103.5	-1.5	-0.1	-0.3	-0.2	-0.2
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.329	155.6	154.2	-5.0	0.6	0.7	-1.6	-0.9
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.080	126.4	126.5	-1.4	0.2	0.0	-0.2	0.1
Machinery manufacturing	333	7.212	118.6	118.5	-0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.0	-0.1
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	17.139	72.9	72.6	-3.3	-0.3	-0.9	-0.3	-0.4
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	5.092	117.1	117.3	1.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	16.488	109.0	109.1	-0.4	-0.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.1
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.863	117.6	117.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.3
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.314	118.0	118.2	-0.5	-0.5	-0.1	-0.3	0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: June 2018 to June 2019 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
			May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
					June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Nonmanufacturing		9.045	133.3	131.3	-9.0	2.6	-1.7	-2.7	-1.5
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	4.659	147.4	153.5	-5.0	1.2	-2.5	-2.4	4.1
Crop production	111	4.320	153.9	160.9	-4.4	1.0	-2.5	-2.4	4.5
Mining	21	4.387	88.3	81.6	-13.6	4.1	-0.9	-3.0	-7.6
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.362	120.0	117.9	3.2	-0.3	-0.1	1.0	-1.8
Manufacturing		89.739	117.4	116.7	-0.5	0.4	0.3	0.0	-0.6
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.740	140.6	141.2	0.0	0.3	-0.1	0.1	0.4
Food manufacturing	311	4.595	158.2	159.2	0.4	0.6	-0.2	0.4	0.6
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.648	121.9	123.6	-1.4	-1.4	-0.2	-1.5	1.4
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.568	117.4	114.5	-3.8	1.4	0.9	0.1	-2.5
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.528	99.3	97.8	-6.5	-2.3	-0.4	-1.1	-1.5
Paper manufacturing	322	1.701	126.8	126.6	-3.4	-0.6	-1.6	-0.6	-0.2
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	6.616	117.2	107.9	-11.3	6.8	3.4	0.5	-7.9
Chemical manufacturing	325	13.388	119.3	118.6	-0.8	-0.3	0.3	0.0	-0.6
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.267	116.8	117.0	0.7	-0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.843	118.0	117.9	0.9	1.0	0.3	0.0	-0.1
Manufacturing, part 3	33	57.431	115.0	115.2	0.9	0.0	0.2	-0.1	0.2
Primary metal manufacturing	331	3.981	145.5	146.1	-1.2	0.3	0.5	-1.5	0.4
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.953	146.7	147.5	5.0	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.5
Machinery manufacturing	333	9.504	129.7	130.2	2.4	-0.1	0.2	0.0	0.4
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	13.778	82.2	82.2	-1.3	-0.1	-0.5	-0.1	0.0
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	3.794	118.1	118.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.1	0.0
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	17.709	129.6	129.7	2.1	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.1
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)	337	0.395	122.6	122.5	2.9	0.4	1.0	0.1	-0.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.317	119.7	120.4	-0.1	-0.2	0.0	-0.3	0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2018 to June 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
			May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
					June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Live animals; animal products	I	1.390	196.9	195.6	1.7	2.1	0.8	-1.0	-0.7
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.381	266.9	267.0	7.5	2.2	3.0	0.3	0.0
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.726	139.7	139.2	0.5	2.4	-0.3	-1.1	-0.4
Vegetable products	II	1.962	223.7	215.3	6.9	-3.5	7.8	-1.1	-3.8
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.465	504.1	506.8	41.8	0.1	12.7	-13.9	0.5
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.752	139.9	124.5	0.4	-5.8	14.1	8.5	-11.0
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.310	194.8	197.8	-7.3	-0.8	-0.1	-2.5	1.5
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.225	85.5	83.9	-16.3	-0.9	-2.7	-3.0	-1.9
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.806	165.1	165.2	-1.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.1
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.221	97.0	98.0	-2.9	0.7	0.6	-0.2	1.0
Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants	20	0.359	170.0	170.1	-0.7	-0.6	-1.6	0.4	0.1
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.062	132.3	132.0	0.1	0.0	0.2	-0.2	-0.2
Mineral products	V	11.250	230.1	215.4	-6.6	7.2	1.5	2.2	-6.4
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	10.943	227.7	212.8	-6.9	7.3	1.6	2.3	-6.5
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	8.853	156.9	156.1	-1.3	-0.5	-0.3	0.0	-0.5
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.535	307.4	293.9	-6.7	-3.3	-2.9	-1.4	-4.4
Organic chemicals	29	2.019	127.9	127.8	-4.3	-0.5	0.6	0.1	-0.1
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.302	152.6	152.0	0.3	-0.1	-0.3	0.1	-0.4
Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100)	31	0.288	88.0	86.8	6.0	-2.0	-3.8	2.9	-1.4
Essential oils and resinoids (Dec. 2016=100)	33	0.591	102.7	102.3	-0.6	0.3	-0.1	-0.2	-0.4
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.578	103.2	102.9	-3.9	-1.5	-0.5	-0.2	-0.3
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.454	140.6	140.8	-0.4	0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.312	143.5	143.6	-0.5	-0.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.1
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.142	136.9	137.3	-0.4	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.3
Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel goods, etc	VIII	0.615	124.8	124.6	-1.0	0.0	-0.5	0.1	-0.2
Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials	42	0.587	131.2	131.1	-0.3	0.0	-0.5	0.1	-0.1
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork	IX	0.821	141.7	143.6	-20.4	-0.3	-2.5	-2.7	1.3
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.093	120.2	120.0	1.8	-0.7	-0.3	-1.3	-0.2
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.729	111.3	111.2	2.7	-0.1	-0.4	-0.2	-0.1
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.833	114.3	114.1	-0.2	-0.3	0.1	-0.1	-0.2
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted	61	1.952	104.6	104.5	0.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.1	-0.1
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.620	120.4	120.6	0.7	0.0	-0.2	0.2	0.2
Made-up or worn textile articles	63	0.642	103.5	103.4	-0.5	-0.3	-0.1	0.0	-0.1
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.346	122.2	122.2	-0.1	-0.5	-0.2	0.0	0.0
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.118	121.2	121.1	0.0	-0.5	-0.2	0.1	-0.1
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.939	132.0	132.0	-0.2	0.1	0.2	-0.2	0.0
Ceramic products	69	0.265	136.2	136.2	0.8	0.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	2.670	176.4	178.2	2.3	0.4	-0.6	-0.8	1.0
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.832	176.5	174.5	-5.8	0.4	0.4	-1.2	-1.1
Iron and steel	72	1.348	219.9	217.8	-5.9	0.5	1.3	-1.4	-1.0
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.708	150.1	149.9	-2.1	0.1	0.0	-0.5	-0.1
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.449	285.7	273.5	-13.5	2.0	-0.6	-2.5	-4.3
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.000	132.3	130.6	-9.3	0.2	0.7	-1.6	-1.3
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.438	123.8	123.8	0.7	-0.1	0.1	-0.1	0.0
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.513	136.1	135.9	-0.7	-0.1	-0.7	-0.1	-0.1
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	29.697	79.3	79.2	-1.6	-0.1	-0.6	0.0	-0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	14.765	85.5	85.3	-1.8	-0.3	-0.7	-0.1	-0.2
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	14.932	73.4	73.5	-1.5	0.0	-0.4	-0.1	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	13.780	113.5	113.5	-0.7	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	0.0
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	12.608	112.5	112.6	-0.6	-0.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.1
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2002=100)	88	1.064	114.5	114.5	-1.0	-0.2	0.1	-0.2	0.0
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	3.943	101.6	101.5	-1.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.1
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.678	98.1	98.0	-1.1	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.1
Clocks and watches and parts thereof	91	0.205	140.8	140.6	-0.8	-0.6	0.1	-0.5	-0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.414	112.4	112.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.3	0.0	-0.2
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.779	118.7	118.4	0.3	0.0	-0.1	0.1	-0.3
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.366	102.0	102.0	-0.7	0.0	-0.4	-0.2	0.0
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.268	128.8	128.8	-0.3	-0.1	-0.6	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2018 to June 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
			May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
					June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Live animals; animal products	I	1.973	216.0	217.8	4.7	1.4	-0.5	2.3	0.8
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.171	170.0	172.5	4.8	0.7	0.5	4.0	1.5
Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)	03	0.395	117.2	116.1	1.7	1.7	-2.6	-2.8	-0.9
Vegetable products	II	4.324	189.0	199.2	-2.1	2.0	-3.7	-2.1	5.4
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.938	132.4	140.7	-1.3	-2.0	-3.2	-1.3	6.3
Cereals	10	1.292	183.8	206.2	1.6	-2.8	-1.9	-2.6	12.2
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.597	179.2	186.2	-12.3	-1.0	-0.3	-5.0	3.9
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.957	151.5	153.6	0.2	0.1	0.1	-1.3	1.4
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.560	97.6	98.4	1.0	1.8	-0.3	0.1	0.8
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)	22	0.527	106.4	110.8	0.5	0.5	0.1	0.1	4.1
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.678	210.0	215.4	-5.5	-1.7	0.4	-5.6	2.6
Mineral products	V	11.213	233.0	214.5	-12.7	5.6	1.7	-0.9	-7.9
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.417	100.9	95.4	-11.7	1.5	0.7	0.3	-5.5
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	10.600	224.4	206.1	-13.0	5.8	1.8	-1.1	-8.2
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.918	139.4	138.6	-0.4	-0.2	0.3	-0.2	-0.6
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.734	149.0	147.2	-11.8	-0.9	0.1	-0.1	-1.2
Organic chemicals	29	2.626	145.7	144.5	-1.0	-0.5	-0.3	-0.9	-0.8
Pharmaceutical products	30	3.032	106.8	106.6	-0.1	0.0	1.1	0.0	-0.2
Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100)	32	0.549	105.1	103.8	1.4	-1.0	2.4	1.2	-1.2
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.854	132.1	131.3	0.2	-0.1	-0.5	-0.4	-0.6
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes	34	0.488	124.3	124.2	3.9	0.3	0.6	0.2	-0.1
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	1.975	157.3	156.5	2.6	0.2	0.4	-0.1	-0.5
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	5.187	143.8	143.0	-1.4	-0.1	0.0	0.1	-0.6
Plastics and articles thereof	39	4.311	140.8	140.1	-0.9	0.1	0.0	0.1	-0.5
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.876	154.6	153.6	-3.8	-1.0	-0.1	0.0	-0.6
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.638	98.6	97.4	-9.0	-0.7	0.0	-0.8	-1.2
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.894	125.3	124.9	-6.7	-1.1	-1.3	-0.9	-0.3
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	1.078	125.7	125.9	-2.4	-0.2	-1.5	-0.3	0.2
Textile and textile articles	XI	1.750	123.3	120.8	-4.1	-0.2	0.8	-0.8	-2.0
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.533	127.0	118.5	-16.3	0.0	2.3	-1.7	-6.7
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.818	127.8	127.8	2.9	1.2	0.3	0.0	0.0
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.135	241.4	245.3	2.8	0.0	0.1	-1.0	1.6
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.727	160.5	158.9	-3.8	1.0	0.7	-1.4	-1.0
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.503	188.5	177.6	-13.6	3.5	0.6	-2.0	-5.8
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.716	106.4	104.0	-16.0	1.4	2.3	-2.2	-2.3
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.331	153.0	153.0	0.1	1.4	-0.7	-0.6	0.0
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	28.047	98.2	98.4	0.8	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	16.324	116.7	117.1	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.3
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	11.723	78.4	78.3	-0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	-0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	13.694	137.2	137.3	1.6	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	8.299	116.7	116.7	0.3	0.0	0.3	-0.1	0.0
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.805	108.9	108.9	-0.5	-0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.369	113.0	112.8	0.6	0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.2
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;	94	0.765	131.2	130.9	1.8	0.3	0.4	0.1	-0.2
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.451	88.1	88.1	0.8	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: June 2018 to June 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
		May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
				June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	128.8	127.3	1.1	1.3	0.5	0.2	-1.2
Nonmanufacturing	12.178	208.6	195.1	17.5	9.1	4.8	0.3	-6.5
Manufacturing	87.243	121.5	121.0	-0.9	0.2	-0.1	0.2	-0.4
Canada	100.000	146.5	142.5	3.5	3.2	1.7	0.2	-2.7
Nonmanufacturing	32.458	205.5	192.0	21.2	9.6	5.1	0.4	-6.6
Manufacturing	66.730	131.8	130.6	-3.8	0.4	0.2	0.2	-0.9
European Union	100.000	137.5	136.9	-0.3	0.1	0.0	0.2	-0.4
Manufacturing	98.671	133.9	133.3	-0.3	0.1	-0.1	0.3	-0.4
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	128.2	127.5	-0.9	0.4	0.2	-0.1	-0.5
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	112.2	112.2	0.1	0.3	-0.3	-0.2	0.0
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	122.1	121.4	-1.0	0.6	0.6	0.2	-0.6
Latin America(3)	100.000	150.2	148.1	-2.4	0.1	0.5	1.0	-1.4
Nonmanufacturing	18.222	285.5	271.3	-1.1	1.4	4.2	5.5	-5.0
Manufacturing	81.502	120.6	119.9	-2.4	-0.2	-0.2	0.0	-0.6
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	129.4	127.7	-1.0	0.0	1.0	0.5	-1.3
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	9.847	164.0	147.4	7.4	2.8	15.1	3.2	-10.1
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	89.893	87.5	87.2	-1.8	-0.2	-0.2	0.1	-0.3
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	98.4	98.2	-1.2	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	99.1	99.0	-1.5	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.1
Japan	100.000	96.7	96.7	0.2	0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.0
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	98.6	98.4	-	0.1	-0.6	-0.3	-0.2
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	88.4	87.7	-2.0	0.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.8
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	96.8	96.6	-2.3	-0.1	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	187.8	179.9	-6.3	5.1	1.9	1.2	-4.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: June 2018 to June 2019 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
		May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
				June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	103.6	103.1	0.7	0.9	-0.2	-0.1	-0.5
Nonmanufacturing	8.781	113.8	108.6	13.4	9.1	-4.5	-2.1	-4.6
Manufacturing	90.161	103.1	103.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	-0.1
Canada	100.000	104.8	104.2	0.3	1.5	-0.8	-0.4	-0.6
European Union	100.000	105.0	104.3	0.9	0.3	0.5	-0.1	-0.7
Nonmanufacturing	7.710	112.2	107.5	4.0	2.7	3.4	-1.7	-4.2
Manufacturing	91.227	104.6	104.2	0.8	0.1	0.3	0.0	-0.4
Germany	100.000	102.8	102.9	1.1	0.1	0.6	0.1	0.1
Latin America(3)	100.000	102.7	100.9	-2.6	1.5	0.0	-0.2	-1.8
Nonmanufacturing	6.882	104.6	105.6	-0.7	1.0	-1.3	-2.0	1.0
Manufacturing	92.704	102.6	100.6	-2.8	1.6	0.0	0.0	-1.9
Mexico	100.000	101.6	100.4	-2.1	1.3	-0.4	-0.1	-1.2
Nonmanufacturing	6.013	98.0	100.2	-4.5	1.7	-3.8	-1.8	2.2
Manufacturing	93.502	101.8	100.4	-2.0	1.3	-0.2	0.0	-1.4
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	100.0	99.4	-2.4	0.3	0.2	-0.8	-0.6
Nonmanufacturing	14.154	97.9	95.4	-7.5	1.3	3.2	-4.2	-2.6
Manufacturing	83.890	100.8	100.6	-0.9	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2
China	100.000	98.2	97.7	-4.4	0.7	0.4	-1.5	-0.5
Nonmanufacturing	20.442	96.5	94.1	-9.4	2.1	3.8	-5.0	-2.5
Manufacturing	76.003	99.7	100.1	-1.4	0.3	-0.4	-0.4	0.4
Japan	100.000	99.7	99.4	-2.2	0.2	0.6	-1.0	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing	18.702	101.9	100.5	-4.0	1.6	2.2	-3.7	-1.4
Manufacturing	80.176	99.0	98.9	-2.1	-0.1	0.1	-0.2	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: June 2018 to June 2019(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
			June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Industrialized Countries(2)	98.5	99.1	-0.5	-0.4	-0.6	-0.3	0.6
Canada	94.0	96.1	-3.0	-1.5	-2.4	-0.6	2.2
European Union	102.8	102.5	1.1	0.1	0.5	-0.3	-0.3
Germany	105.5	105.6	1.1	-0.2	0.9	0.3	0.1
Latin America(3)	101.8	101.4	-0.2	1.4	-0.5	-1.2	-0.4
Mexico	101.3	101.4	-1.2	1.3	-1.4	-0.6	0.1
Pacific Rim(4)	100.0	99.6	-1.2	0.3	0.4	-0.7	-0.4
China	99.2	98.8	-2.9	0.7	0.6	-1.4	-0.4
Japan	98.5	98.2	-2.3	0.1	0.7	-1.1	-0.3
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: June 2018 to June 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance May 2019(1)	Index		Percent change
		May 2019	June 2019	Annual	Monthly
				June 2018 to June 2019	Feb. 2019 to Mar. 2019	Mar. 2019 to Apr. 2019	Apr. 2019 to May 2019	May 2019 to June 2019
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	179.0	178.7	-7.3	-0.1	1.8	0.4	-0.2
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	26.960	147.9	148.2	-0.5	-0.1	0.1	-1.1	0.2
Asia	59.959	167.8	167.4	-11.1	0.4	2.8	1.0	-0.2
Export Air Freight	100.000	166.1	165.3	0.7	0.3	-0.1	0.2	-0.5
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	31.878	152.5	151.7	1.8	0.3	0.3	0.9	-0.5
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	167.3	168.6	-3.8	0.3	-0.7	1.0	0.8
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	28.141	136.1	139.7	2.0	-0.1	-1.0	-0.3	2.6
Asia	57.034	155.5	155.6	-7.0	0.8	-0.3	1.7	0.1
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	144.8	144.8	3.7	0.5	-0.6	0.3	0.0
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	33.739	155.0	154.5	3.8	1.1	0.9	0.9	-0.3
Asia	43.928	137.5	138.0	5.2	0.0	-2.1	0.0	0.4
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	174.0	185.7	-2.5	-5.7	-7.2	6.9	6.7
Europe	54.005	196.9	211.3	-3.5	-8.5	-11.5	8.0	7.3
Asia	20.696	137.1	150.4	-4.2	-0.7	0.1	9.9	9.7
Latin America/Caribbean	6.468	151.8	158.4	-1.4	-0.6	0.6	-2.4	4.3
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	148.2	154.2	-3.0	1.6	-1.4	0.7	4.0
Europe	28.790	191.3	201.3	-5.3	0.8	-3.2	0.9	5.2
Asia	27.825	131.7	138.9	1.9	1.2	-5.0	5.6	5.5
Latin America/Caribbean	24.834	151.6	159.1	-2.5	3.2	3.5	-5.3	4.9
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.