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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-19-1475
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, August 14, 2019

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                                U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - JULY 2019                                

Prices for U.S. imports increased 0.2 percent in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, 
following a 1.1-percent decline the previous month. In July, rising fuel prices more than offset lower 
nonfuel prices. The price index for U.S. exports advanced 0.2 percent in July, after falling 0.6 percent in 
June and 0.3 percent in May.  

Imports

The price index for U.S. imports rose 0.2 percent in July, after a decrease of 1.1 percent the previous month. 
Prior to June, prices for U.S. imports advanced in each of the first 5 months of 2019. Despite the increases, 
import prices declined 1.8 percent over the past year. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel advanced 1.8 percent in July following a 7.3-percent drop in June. 
Import fuel prices previously increased 30.1 percent for the first 5 months of 2019. In July, higher petroleum 
prices more than offset lower natural gas prices. The price index for import petroleum rose 1.9 percent, after 
decreasing 7.0 percent the previous month. Overall fuel prices and petroleum prices both fell over the past 
year, declining 5.5 percent and 5.9 percent, respectively. Natural gas prices fell 1.4 percent in July, after 
declining 59.6 percent the previous 3 months. The recent decreases drove natural gas prices down 22.1 
percent over the past 12 months.      

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports edged down 0.1 percent in July following 
0.3-percent decreases in each of the previous 2 months. The July decline was driven by lower prices for 
automotive vehicles; foods, feeds, and beverages; and capital goods. Those decreases were partially offset 
by rising prices for consumer goods and nonfuel industrial supplies and materials. Prices for nonfuel imports 
fell 1.3 percent from July 2018 to July 2019, led by declining prices for industrial supplies and materials and 
capital goods.   

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 0.2 percent 
in July, after declining 0.7 percent the previous month. In July, a 1.0-percent increase in unfinished metals 
prices more than offset lower prices for chemicals and paper. 
	
Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in July. Consumer goods prices rose 0.2 percent, the 
first monthly advance since the index increased 0.3 percent in February. The July advance was driven by a 
1.0-percent rise in the price index for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials. In contrast, 
automotive vehicle prices and prices for capital goods both fell in July. Automotive vehicle prices declined 
0.3 percent, after recording no change in June and May; prices for capital goods edged down 0.1 percent 
following a 0.2-percent drop in June.    

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for import foods, feeds, and beverages fell 0.5 percent in July, after 
decreasing 1.4 percent in June. The July decline was driven by a 5.8-percent drop in vegetable prices.  

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2018

July

-0.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -5.2 0.1

August

-0.4 -2.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.2

September

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.3 0.2

October

0.5 3.3 0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.5

November

-1.6 -12.2 -0.2 -0.8 1.7 -1.0

December

-1.4 -13.3 0.0 -0.6 3.8 -1.1

2019

January

0.2 4.6 -0.3 -0.6 -2.1 -0.4

February

1.0 10.2 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.7

March

0.6 7.2 -0.2 0.7 0.9 0.7

April

0.2 (r)1.9 -0.1 0.1 (r)-1.4 0.2

May

(r)0.2 (r)3.3 -0.3 (r)-0.3 (r)-1.2 -0.2

June

(r)-1.1 (r)-7.3 -0.3 (r)-0.6 (r)2.5 (r)-1.0

July

0.2 1.8 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2

July 2017 to 2018

4.8 41.0 1.4 4.3 -1.9 5.0

July 2018 to 2019

-1.8 -5.5 -1.3 -0.9 3.7 -1.5

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices increased 0.2 percent in July, after decreasing 0.9 percent over the previous 2 months. 
Higher agricultural and nonagricultural prices both contributed to the advance. Despite the July increase, 
prices for U.S. exports continued to decrease on a 12-month basis, declining 0.9 percent from July 2018 to 
July 2019. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices rose 0.4 percent in July following a 2.5-percent increase 
in June. The July advance was led by higher prices for soybeans, other animal feeds, nuts, and vegetables 
which more than offset lower prices for fruit and wheat. Prices for agricultural exports rose 3.7 percent over 
the past year, the largest 12-month increase since the index advanced 5.3 percent from June 2017 to June 
2018.    

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports rose 0.2 percent in July, 
after a 1.0-percent decrease in June and a 0.2-percent drop in May. The July increase was primarily led by 
higher nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices, though rising consumer goods prices also 
contributed to the advance. In contrast, prices for capital goods and automotive vehicles declined. 
Nonagricultural export prices decreased 1.5 percent for the year ended in July, driven by falling prices for 
nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials which more than offset advancing finished goods prices.     

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 
increased 0.7 percent in July following a 2.8-percent drop the previous month. The upturn was driven by a 
2.3-percent advance in export fuel prices which previously declined 7.3 percent in June.   

Finished Goods: Export finished goods prices were mixed in July. The price indexes for capital goods and 
automotive vehicles each edged down 0.1 percent, after recording no change in June. Prices for consumer 
goods increased 0.2 percent in July, driven by a 1.1-percent advance in medicinal, dental, and 
pharmaceutical materials prices.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China edged down 0.1 percent in July, after decreasing 
0.2 percent in June. Prices for imports from China have not recorded a monthly advance since ticking up 0.1 
percent in May 2018. The price index for imports from China declined 1.6 percent on a 12-month basis for 
the second consecutive month in July. The last time the index fell more than 1.6 percent was a 1.9-percent 
drop in January 2017. Import prices from Japan recorded no change in July following a 0.1-percent decrease 
the previous month. Prices for imports from Japan edged down 0.1 percent for the year ended in July. 
Import prices from Mexico declined 0.2 percent in July, after falling 1.3 percent in June. In contrast, the 
price indexes for imports from Canada and the European Union both advanced 0.2 percent in July. Import 
prices from Canada previously fell 3.3 percent in June, and prices for imports from the European Union 
decreased 0.6 percent over the same period. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 0.6 percent in July, after declining 0.6 
percent the previous month. Despite the July advance, prices for exports to China decreased 1.7 percent over 
the past 12 months. The price index for exports to Japan rose 1.0 percent in July following a 0.1-percent 
decline in June. The index increased 0.2 percent from July 2018 to July 2019. Export prices to the European 
Union rose 0.8 percent, the largest monthly advance since the index increased 1.9 percent in January 2018. 
Prices for exports to Canada and Mexico also rose in July, advancing 0.6 percent and 0.5 percent, 
respectively. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China 
increased 0.7 percent in July following a 0.4-percent decline the previous month. In July, the increase 
resulted from both a rise in export prices to China and a decline in import prices from China. U.S. terms of 
trade with China edged down 0.1 percent for the year ended in July. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
Japan advanced 1.0 percent in July, after recording no change in June. U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 
0.3 percent over the past 12 months. The U.S. terms of trade with the European Union increased 0.6 percent 
in July following a 0.2-percent decline in June and a 0.4-percent drop in May. U.S. terms of trade with 
Mexico and Canada also advanced in July, rising 0.8 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares declined 9.9 percent in July following a 6.7-percent increase in June 
and a 6.9-percent advance in May. The decrease was the largest 1-month drop since the index fell 10.6 
percent in August 2017. In July, the decline was led by a 12.7-percent decrease in European fares and an 
11.8-percent drop in Asian fares. Import air passenger fares fell 6.6 percent over the past 12 months. The 
price index for import air freight fell 1.8 percent in July, after edging down 0.1 percent in June. The July 
drop was the largest monthly decrease since the index fell 6.1 percent in February. The price index for 
import air freight declined 6.6 percent over the past 12 months. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares increased 3.3 percent in July, after rising 4.0 percent in June. Higher 
Latin American/Caribbean, European, and Asian fares all contributed to the advance in July. Despite the 
recent increases, export air passenger fares declined 1.4 percent from July 2018 to July 2019. Export air 
freight prices rose 0.6 percent in July, the largest monthly advance since the index increased 0.6 percent in 
October 2018. Prices for export air freight also advanced over the past year, rising 1.4 percent.    
		
Import and Export Price Index data for August are scheduled for release on Friday, September 13, 2019 at 
8:30 a.m. (EDT).


Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

All commodities

  100.000 125.6 125.8 -1.8 0.2 0.2 -1.1 0.2

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  83.315 99.1 99.1 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

All imports excluding petroleum

  89.664 111.9 111.9 -1.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.0

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  89.339 116.2 116.1 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

6.024 179.8 178.9 2.1 2.8 -0.9 -1.4 -0.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

4.684 196.7 195.6 2.6 3.6 -1.0 -1.9 -0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.340 141.5 141.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials

1

24.514 189.3 191.0 -4.7 0.7 0.9 -3.7 0.9

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  14.327 151.5 151.7 -4.3 -2.6 -1.0 -1.3 0.1

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  13.854 173.9 174.3 -3.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  8.696 164.6 165.8 -3.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  5.482 135.6 134.5 -4.5 -5.9 -0.6 -2.3 -0.8

Fuels & lubricants

10

10.661 215.7 219.5 -5.5 1.9 3.3 -7.3 1.8

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

10.336 237.1 241.7 -5.9 4.6 3.5 -7.0 1.9

Crude

10000

7.530 247.4 250.9 -7.8 5.4 3.3 -7.8 1.4

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.325 74.4 72.1 -20.4 -40.6 -1.3 -16.7 -3.1

Gas-natural

10110

0.230 57.1 56.3 -22.1 -47.2 -1.9 -22.1 -1.4

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.573 120.3 117.1 -3.1 -0.8 -2.6 -0.1 -2.7

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

4.584 157.3 156.7 -3.5 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.4

Selected building materials

13

1.478 141.8 143.2 -10.2 -1.3 -1.6 0.6 1.0

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

3.711 228.8 231.2 -3.1 0.6 -1.8 -1.3 1.0

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

1.760 157.0 157.4 -3.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 0.3

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.746 112.9 113.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 0.2

Capital goods

2

27.781 88.3 88.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Electric generating equipment

20

3.424 119.4 119.7 1.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.080 80.3 80.3 -1.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

2.277 135.5 135.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

15.678 109.8 109.5 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

26.003 106.8 107.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured

40

12.388 123.2 123.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3

Durables, manufactured

41

12.358 91.4 91.4 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

1.257 116.5 116.7 2.5 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

All commodities

  100.000 125.9 126.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.2

Agricultural commodities

  9.710 180.4 181.2 3.7 -1.4 -1.2 2.5 0.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  80.626 101.5 101.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Nonagricultural commodities

  90.290 121.7 122.0 -1.5 0.2 -0.2 -1.0 0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

9.024 183.7 184.8 4.8 -1.7 -1.2 2.9 0.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.420 182.4 183.4 5.2 -1.8 -1.1 3.2 0.5

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.604 211.4 212.5 0.0 -2.1 -2.4 -0.7 0.5

Industrial supplies & materials

1

31.999 154.0 155.0 -5.5 0.5 -0.6 -2.8 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.277 164.7 165.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.8 -0.3 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  21.723 149.4 150.4 -7.7 0.6 -0.6 -3.9 0.7

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.260 173.5 172.9 -5.3 0.4 -1.6 -1.6 -0.3

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  30.739 153.4 154.5 -5.4 0.5 -0.6 -2.8 0.7

Fuels & lubricants

11

10.350 178.8 183.0 -11.3 1.4 -1.1 -7.3 2.3

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

19.398 157.2 157.1 -2.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1

Selected building materials

13

0.991 121.1 119.7 -4.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2

Capital goods

2

36.171 110.7 110.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.783 118.0 117.9 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

23.625 94.6 94.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

8.763 182.6 182.7 3.5 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

10.242 114.8 114.7 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.564 110.4 110.6 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured

40

5.939 107.7 108.4 1.9 0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.6

Durables, manufactured

41

5.187 107.7 107.4 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.437 98.9 99.0 - 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2018 to July 2019 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Nonmanufacturing

  10.061 117.1 118.1 -2.2 3.6 2.1 -7.1 0.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

1.928 180.4 179.3 8.7 6.6 -2.1 -3.5 -0.6

Crop production

111

1.573 195.2 193.3 11.5 8.3 -1.4 -3.7 -1.0

Mining

21

8.133 110.7 112.1 -4.5 2.9 3.1 -7.9 1.3

Oil and gas extraction

211

7.883 110.6 112.0 -5.0 3.1 3.2 -8.1 1.3

Manufacturing

  89.631 110.9 111.0 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.179 125.1 124.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Food manufacturing

311

3.393 155.6 154.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.116 122.1 122.2 0.3 1.3 -1.2 -0.1 0.1

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)

313

0.364 99.3 101.2 1.2 0.6 -1.0 -0.2 1.9

Textile product mills

314

0.934 109.2 108.4 -0.9 0.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.7

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.741 112.1 112.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.631 123.2 123.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2

32

17.478 125.8 126.6 -2.2 0.1 0.4 -1.0 0.6

Paper manufacturing

322

1.044 113.1 111.4 -2.2 -0.3 -2.1 -0.1 -1.5

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

2.564 100.4 104.5 0.5 2.4 4.2 -4.9 4.1

Chemical manufacturing

325

9.544 138.7 139.0 -1.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.2

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.267 119.2 119.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

1.036 131.3 130.8 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.4

Manufacturing, part 3

33

60.975 103.5 103.4 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.314 153.6 155.0 -2.1 0.7 -1.6 -1.3 0.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.107 126.4 126.3 -1.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.275 118.5 118.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

17.240 72.7 72.5 -3.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

5.156 117.5 117.8 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.639 109.0 108.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.873 117.1 116.8 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.371 118.2 118.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2018 to July 2019 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Nonmanufacturing

  8.996 131.7 131.9 -3.4 -1.8 -2.6 -1.2 0.2

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

4.883 153.4 153.5 4.0 -2.4 -2.4 4.0 0.1

Crop production

111

4.547 160.8 160.8 5.0 -2.4 -2.4 4.3 0.0

Mining

21

4.113 82.2 82.4 -12.4 -1.1 -3.0 -6.7 0.2

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.313 114.8 113.1 -2.1 -0.9 -0.3 -2.2 -1.5

Manufacturing

  89.804 116.6 116.9 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.3

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.816 141.2 142.2 1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.7

Food manufacturing

311

4.653 159.1 160.6 2.0 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.656 122.4 123.4 2.0 -0.2 -1.5 0.4 0.8

Manufacturing, part 2

32

25.147 114.6 115.5 -3.5 0.9 0.1 -2.4 0.8

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.524 97.8 97.3 -6.5 -0.4 -1.1 -1.5 -0.5

Paper manufacturing

322

1.705 126.2 124.5 -5.8 -1.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.3

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

6.132 107.9 111.9 -9.5 3.4 0.5 -7.9 3.7

Chemical manufacturing

325

13.435 118.9 118.8 -0.9 0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.279 116.5 116.8 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.847 117.7 117.7 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3

33

57.840 115.0 115.0 0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.028 146.2 148.4 2.5 0.5 -1.5 0.5 1.5

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

2.994 147.7 148.1 5.0 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.3

Machinery manufacturing

333

9.580 129.9 129.8 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

13.852 82.0 81.7 -2.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.821 118.1 118.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

17.779 129.2 129.2 1.7 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)

337

0.398 122.5 122.3 1.3 1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.389 120.5 120.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Live animals; animal products

I

1.395 196.0 194.8 1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.383 265.7 259.4 5.3 2.8 0.0 0.0 -2.4

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.734 139.9 139.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.0

Vegetable products

II

1.906 215.3 212.6 10.8 7.8 -1.1 -3.7 -1.3

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.472 506.8 467.8 29.0 12.7 -13.9 0.5 -7.7

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.676 124.5 126.9 12.7 14.1 8.5 -11.0 1.9

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.317 197.7 197.6 -6.4 -0.1 -2.6 1.6 -0.1

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.223 83.9 84.3 -14.8 -2.7 -3.0 -1.9 0.5

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.829 164.9 164.8 -0.8 0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.1

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.226 97.9 98.4 -1.3 0.5 -0.2 1.0 0.5

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants

20

0.362 170.1 170.2 -0.9 -1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.068 131.9 132.0 0.0 1.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.1

Mineral products

V

10.651 215.9 219.4 -5.7 1.5 3.2 -7.1 1.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

10.342 213.2 216.8 -5.9 1.6 3.3 -7.3 1.7

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

8.887 156.1 156.7 -1.8 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.4

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.515 293.3 289.9 -8.4 -2.9 -1.4 -4.6 -1.2

Organic chemicals

29

2.028 127.3 126.8 -5.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.333 152.3 154.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 1.4

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100)

31

0.281 85.2 80.6 -1.5 -3.6 2.5 -3.0 -5.4

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec. 2016=100)

33

0.601 103.5 104.1 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.583 103.2 103.6 -3.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.4

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.490 140.8 140.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.333 143.5 143.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.3

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.158 137.5 136.8 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.5

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel goods, etc

VIII

0.619 124.6 123.9 -1.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.6

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials

42

0.592 131.1 130.5 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork

IX

0.840 143.6 146.4 -16.4 -2.4 -2.5 1.1 1.9

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.101 120.0 117.9 -2.0 -0.4 -1.4 0.0 -1.8

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.734 111.0 110.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.874 114.2 114.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted

61

1.972 104.5 104.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.645 120.9 120.7 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2

Made-up or worn textile articles

63

0.650 103.6 102.4 -1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -1.2

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.359 122.3 122.5 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.128 121.3 121.4 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.949 132.1 131.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Ceramic products

69

0.268 136.6 135.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.7

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

2.713 177.6 182.8 6.7 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 2.9

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.806 174.1 173.2 -5.5 0.3 -1.1 -1.4 -0.5

Iron and steel

72

1.337 216.2 212.7 -8.8 1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.719 149.8 149.0 -2.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.430 271.5 275.5 -6.2 -0.6 -2.5 -5.0 1.5

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.996 130.6 130.2 -7.9 0.7 -1.6 -1.3 -0.3

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.442 123.7 123.7 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.517 135.9 136.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.3

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

29.952 79.2 79.2 -1.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

14.873 85.3 85.3 -1.8 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

15.079 73.5 73.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.898 113.4 113.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

12.723 112.5 112.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2002=100)

88

1.067 113.7 113.0 -2.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

3.983 101.7 101.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.714 98.2 98.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Clocks and watches and parts thereof

91

0.208 141.8 143.0 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.8

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.447 112.2 112.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.796 118.3 118.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.380 102.1 102.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.271 128.8 128.7 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Live animals; animal products

I

2.005 217.9 218.1 4.2 -0.4 2.0 1.0 0.1

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.198 172.7 173.6 4.8 0.6 3.7 1.8 0.5

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)

03

0.394 116.1 116.7 -0.7 -2.6 -2.8 -0.9 0.5

Vegetable products

II

4.589 199.1 199.6 7.7 -3.6 -2.1 5.2 0.3

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.997 139.7 137.0 1.5 -3.3 -1.5 5.8 -1.9

Cereals

10

1.457 205.7 204.4 9.1 -1.9 -2.6 11.9 -0.6

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

1.679 187.0 190.4 1.6 0.1 -5.0 3.9 1.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.013 153.3 155.6 3.1 0.1 -1.3 1.2 1.5

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.567 98.1 98.9 3.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.9 0.8

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.550 110.2 112.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 3.6 2.5

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.694 213.4 220.7 1.2 0.5 -6.2 2.2 3.4

Mineral products

V

10.440 215.3 220.5 -11.1 1.6 -0.9 -7.5 2.4

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.401 96.3 95.6 -9.3 0.7 0.3 -4.6 -0.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

9.841 206.8 212.2 -11.4 1.7 -1.0 -7.8 2.6

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.916 138.3 138.0 -0.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.743 149.6 149.6 -5.2 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.0

Organic chemicals

29

2.591 142.7 140.5 -4.7 -0.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5

Pharmaceutical products

30

3.049 106.6 107.8 1.0 1.1 0.0 -0.2 1.1

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100)

32

0.546 103.8 105.5 2.8 2.4 1.2 -1.2 1.6

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.854 131.3 131.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.492 124.2 124.3 4.2 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

1.982 156.6 155.2 0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

5.231 143.9 144.0 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

4.354 141.2 141.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.1

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.877 153.6 154.7 -2.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.7

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.635 97.4 96.6 -9.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.897 124.6 122.7 -9.3 -1.3 -0.9 -0.6 -1.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

1.088 125.9 125.7 -3.2 -1.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.2

Textile and textile articles

XI

1.736 121.4 121.1 -2.9 1.0 -0.6 -1.9 -0.2

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.485 118.5 116.2 -15.2 2.3 -1.7 -6.7 -1.9

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.822 127.5 127.2 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

4.233 245.3 250.9 6.7 0.1 -1.0 1.6 2.3

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.722 159.1 158.1 -3.6 0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -0.6

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.480 178.6 177.8 -9.3 0.6 -2.0 -5.3 -0.4

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.706 104.2 103.0 -14.5 2.3 -2.2 -2.1 -1.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.334 153.1 153.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

28.188 98.0 97.7 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

16.392 116.3 116.1 0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

11.796 78.3 78.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.795 137.2 137.2 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

8.362 116.7 116.6 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.854 109.0 109.2 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.378 112.9 112.8 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;

94

0.769 130.9 130.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.454 88.1 88.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: July 2018 to July 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 127.0 127.6 1.3 0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.5

Nonmanufacturing

11.337 191.6 194.3 14.2 4.8 0.0 -7.9 1.4

Manufacturing

88.085 121.0 121.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.3

Canada

100.000 141.6 141.9 3.2 1.7 0.1 -3.3 0.2

Nonmanufacturing

30.743 188.1 190.4 17.1 5.2 0.1 -8.2 1.2

Manufacturing

68.417 130.6 130.4 -2.9 0.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.2

European Union

100.000 136.8 137.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.6 0.2

Manufacturing

98.719 133.2 133.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 127.4 128.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.9

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 112.3 112.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 121.3 121.6 -0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.2

Latin America(3)

100.000 148.2 147.9 -2.6 0.5 0.9 -1.3 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing

17.667 273.2 273.9 -1.0 4.2 5.6 -4.4 0.3

Manufacturing

82.054 119.8 119.4 -2.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.3

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 127.7 127.4 -0.9 1.1 0.4 -1.3 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

9.024 148.3 151.5 8.1 15.1 3.2 -9.6 2.2

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

90.713 87.2 86.7 -1.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.6

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 98.2 98.2 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 98.9 98.8 -1.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Japan

100.000 96.6 96.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 98.7 98.8 - -0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 87.8 88.3 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 96.6 96.8 -2.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.2

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 181.0 182.0 -5.5 1.9 2.0 -4.3 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: July 2018 to July 2019 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 102.9 103.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.6

Nonmanufacturing

8.480 109.1 110.0 11.3 -4.7 -2.2 -4.0 0.8

Manufacturing

90.458 102.7 103.2 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.5

Canada

100.000 104.5 105.1 1.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 0.6

European Union

100.000 104.2 105.0 1.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.8

Nonmanufacturing

7.372 106.5 106.1 5.2 3.0 -2.4 -4.1 -0.4

Manufacturing

91.568 104.2 105.1 1.4 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.9

Germany

100.000 103.0 104.4 2.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 1.4

Latin America(3)

100.000 100.8 101.5 -2.1 0.0 -0.2 -1.9 0.7

Nonmanufacturing

7.080 105.6 104.8 1.5 -1.3 -1.9 0.9 -0.8

Manufacturing

92.498 100.5 101.3 -2.3 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.8

Mexico

100.000 100.3 100.8 -1.9 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 0.5

Nonmanufacturing

6.123 98.5 98.2 -4.2 -3.8 -1.8 0.5 -0.3

Manufacturing

93.386 100.3 101.0 -1.7 -0.2 0.0 -1.5 0.7

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 99.7 100.8 0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.3 1.1

Nonmanufacturing

14.096 97.2 102.7 7.0 3.3 -3.8 -1.2 5.7

Manufacturing

84.039 100.6 101.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.5

China

100.000 97.7 98.3 -1.7 0.4 -1.4 -0.6 0.6

Nonmanufacturing

20.348 95.6 98.4 5.1 3.8 -4.6 -1.3 2.9

Manufacturing

76.312 99.7 99.8 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Japan

100.000 99.9 100.9 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.1 1.0

Nonmanufacturing

18.996 103.7 106.1 7.4 2.8 -2.9 0.4 2.3

Manufacturing

79.926 98.8 99.4 -1.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: July 2018 to July 2019(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Industrialized Countries(2)

99.2 99.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 1.0 0.1

Canada

97.0 97.3 -1.9 -2.5 -0.3 3.0 0.3

European Union

102.5 103.1 1.7 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.6

Germany

105.6 106.9 2.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.2

Latin America(3)

101.3 102.2 0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.5 0.9

Mexico

101.3 102.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.5 0.0 0.8

Pacific Rim(4)

99.9 101.0 1.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 1.1

China

98.9 99.6 -0.1 0.6 -1.3 -0.4 0.7

Japan

98.8 99.8 0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.0 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: July 2018 to July 2019 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
June
2019(1)
Index Percent change
June
2019
July
2019
Annual Monthly
July
2018
to
July
2019
Mar.
2019
to
Apr.
2019
Apr.
2019
to
May
2019
May
2019
to
June
2019
June
2019
to
July
2019

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 178.9 175.6 -6.6 1.8 0.4 -0.1 -1.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

26.976 148.0 144.2 -2.4 0.1 -1.1 0.1 -2.6

Asia

59.950 167.7 164.5 -9.7 2.8 1.0 -0.1 -1.9

Export Air Freight

100.000 165.3 166.3 1.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.6

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

31.871 151.7 152.5 2.9 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.5

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 168.1 164.6 -4.2 -0.7 1.0 0.5 -2.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

28.398 138.0 132.1 -3.3 -1.0 -0.3 1.4 -4.3

Asia

56.854 155.8 153.3 -5.8 -0.3 1.7 0.2 -1.6

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 144.8 148.5 2.8 -0.6 0.3 0.0 2.6

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

33.618 154.5 155.1 4.9 0.9 0.9 -0.3 0.4

Asia

44.098 138.0 146.5 3.0 -2.1 0.0 0.4 6.2

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 185.7 167.4 -6.6 -7.2 6.9 6.7 -9.9

Europe

54.287 211.3 184.5 -7.9 -11.5 8.0 7.3 -12.7

Asia

21.278 150.4 132.6 -8.3 0.1 9.9 9.7 -11.8

Latin America/Caribbean

6.321 158.4 168.1 2.3 0.6 -2.4 4.3 6.1

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 154.2 159.3 -1.4 -1.4 0.7 4.0 3.3

Europe

29.087 201.3 207.7 -2.5 -3.2 0.9 5.2 3.2

Asia

28.187 138.9 141.1 -0.8 -5.0 5.6 5.5 1.6

Latin America/Caribbean

25.041 159.1 169.7 3.1 3.5 -5.3 4.9 6.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.


Last Modified Date: August 14, 2019