U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-24-2141
8:30 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, October 16, 2024

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Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                             U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - SEPTEMBER 2024                              

Prices for U.S. imports declined 0.4 percent in September following a 0.2-percent decrease the previous 
month, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower fuel prices in September more than offset 
higher nonfuel prices. U.S. export prices fell 0.7 percent in September, after declining 0.9 percent in August.

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports decreased 0.4 percent in September, the largest 1-month drop since a 0.7-
percent decline in December 2023. The September decrease followed a 0.2-percent decline in August and 
0.1-percent advances in July and June. U.S. import prices edged down 0.1 percent over the past year, the 
first 12-month drop since February 2024. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel fell 7.0 percent in September, after declining 2.9 percent in August. 
The September decline was the largest monthly decrease since an 8.0-percent drop in December 2023. 
Lower prices in September for petroleum and natural gas contributed to the overall decrease. Import fuel 
prices declined 17.3 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month drop since August 2023. Import 
petroleum prices decreased 7.1 percent in September, the largest 1-month decline since December 2023. 
The price index for import petroleum fell 16.7 percent for the year ended in September, the largest 12-
month drop since July 2023. Prices for import natural gas decreased 14.5 percent in September, the largest 
monthly decline since a 29.7-percent drop in March 2024. Import natural gas prices fell 57.4 percent over 
the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year drop since January 2024. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices ticked up 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month 
in September. Higher prices in September for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials, consumer goods, 
and automotive vehicles more than offset lower foods, feeds, and beverages prices. Prices for nonfuel 
imports have not recorded a monthly decline since May 2024. The price index for nonfuel imports rose 1.8 
percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance since December 2022.            

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for import foods, feeds, and beverages decreased 1.5 percent in 
September, the first 1-month decline since May 2024. In September, a 12.2-percent drop in vegetables 
prices drove the decrease in foods, feeds, and beverages prices.         

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 
rose 1.1 percent in September, the largest monthly advance since a 2.8-percent increase in April 2024. The 
September rise was led by higher prices for metals and chemicals.    

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods import categories were mostly up in September. 
Consumer goods prices rose 0.2 percent, after edging down 0.1 percent in August and July. Higher prices 
for coins, gems, jewelry, and collectibles led the September advance. Prices for automotive vehicles 
increased 0.2 percent for the second consecutive month in September. Higher prices for non-engine parts 
and accessories in September drove the advance. The price index for capital goods was unchanged in 
September following a 0.2-percent increase in August.             

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2023
September	0.5	6.4	-0.2	0.5	-1.1	0.7
October	-0.6	-3.9	-0.2	-0.9	-1.0	-0.9
November	-0.5	-6.3	0.1	-0.7	0.0	-0.8
December	-0.7	-8.0	0.1	-0.7	-0.3	-0.7
2024
January	0.7	1.7	0.6	0.7	-1.4	0.9
February	0.2	1.1	0.1	0.7	0.8	0.7
March	0.6	5.0	0.2	0.1	-1.0	0.3
April	0.9	3.9	0.6	0.7	-0.4	0.8
May	-0.1	0.2	-0.2	-0.7	0.3	-0.8
June	0.1	-1.7	0.2	-0.3	1.1	(r)-0.4
July	0.1	(r)0.0	0.1	0.5	-2.0	0.8
August	(r)-0.2	(r)-2.9	(r)0.1	(r)-0.9	(r)-2.1	(r)-0.7
September	-0.4	-7.0	0.1	-0.7	0.6	-0.9
Sep. 2022 to 2023	-1.5	-7.1	-0.8	-4.3	-7.7	-4.1
Sep. 2023 to 2024	-0.1	-17.3	1.8	-2.1	-5.3	-1.8
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports fell 0.7 percent in September following a decline of 0.9 percent the previous month. 
U.S. export prices decreased 1.1 percent for the third quarter of 2024, the largest 3-month drop since 
December 2023. Lower prices for nonagricultural exports in September more than offset higher agricultural 
export prices. The price index for U.S. exports declined 2.1 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month 
decrease since January 2024. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices advanced 0.6 percent in September, after declining 2.1 
percent in August. Higher prices for nuts, other food preparations, meat, wheat, and corn in September more 
than offset lower soybeans prices. In spite of the September rise, prices for agricultural exports declined 5.3 
percent from September 2023 to September 2024.              

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports decreased 0.9 percent in 
September, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 0.9 percent in October 2023. Lower prices for 
nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and automotive vehicles in September more than offset 
higher prices for capital goods, consumer goods, and nonagricultural foods. Prices for nonagricultural 
exports declined 1.8 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month decrease since December 2023.            

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials fell 2.4 percent in September, the largest 1-month decline since the index decreased 5.0 percent in 
May 2023. A 6.7-percent drop in export fuel prices in September led the overall decline in nonagricultural 
industrial supplies and materials prices.  

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in September. Capital 
goods prices rose 0.2 percent following a 0.2-percent decline in August. Higher prices for 
telecommunications equipment led the increase in September. Consumer goods prices advanced 0.3 percent 
in September, the largest 1-month increase since March 2024. Higher jewelry prices drove the September 
rise in consumer goods prices. In contrast, prices for automotive vehicles edged down 0.1 percent, the first 
1-month decline since April 2023.      

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China were unchanged in September following a 
revised 0.1-percent advance in August. The August increase was the first monthly advance since the index 
last rose on a monthly basis in October 2022. Prices for imports from China declined 1.0 percent for the 
year ended in September. In contrast, the price index for imports from Japan advanced 0.2 percent in 
September, after being unchanged the previous month. Import prices from Japan edged down 0.1 percent 
over the past 12 months. Prices for imports from Canada fell 1.6 percent in September, following a 1.7-
percent drop in August. The price index for imports from Canada declined 6.3 percent over the past year. 
Import prices from Mexico fell 1.1 percent in September and prices for imports from the European Union 
edged down 0.1 percent over the same period. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China decreased 0.4 percent in September, after 
declining 1.8 percent in August. Export prices to China fell 4.7 percent for the year ended in September, the 
largest 12-month decrease since February 2024. The price index for exports to Japan fell 0.2 percent in 
September, after decreasing 1.3 percent the previous month. Despite the recent declines, prices for exports 
to Japan increased 0.5 percent from September 2023 to September 2024. Export prices to Canada declined 
0.5 percent in September, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 0.5 percent in November 2023. The 
price index for exports to Mexico decreased 1.3 percent in September, the largest 1-month drop in the index 
since December 2023. Prices for exports to the European Union fell 1.6 percent for the second consecutive 
month in September. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China decreased 
0.4 percent in September, after declining 1.9 percent the previous month. The index for U.S. terms of trade 
with China fell 3.7 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year drop since August 2023. U.S. 
terms of trade with Japan fell 0.4 percent in September following a 1.3-percent decline in August. Despite 
the recent decreases, U.S. terms of trade with Japan advanced 0.7 percent over the past year. In contrast, 
U.S. terms of trade with Canada rose 1.1 percent in September, after rising 1.3 percent the previous month. 
U.S. terms of trade with Mexico and the European Union decreased 0.2 percent and 1.7 percent, 
respectively, in September. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: The index for import air passenger fares rose 13.9 percent in September, the largest 1-month 
advance since the index increased 18.3 percent in June 2008. The September rise followed declines of 12.4 
percent in August and 11.3 percent in July. The advance in September was primarily driven by higher 
European fares. Import air passenger fares increased 0.7 percent for the year ended in September, the first 
12-month advance since April 2024. Import air freight prices rose 4.8 percent in September, after advancing 
2.3 percent the previous month. Prices for import air freight advanced 21.0 percent over the past 12 months, 
the largest over-the-year rise since a 27.0-percent increase for the year ended January 2022. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 1.4 percent in September following an 8.1-percent drop in 
August. Lower Asian and Latin American/Caribbean fares in September more than offset higher European 
fares. Export air passenger fares fell 0.9 percent from September 2023 to September 2024. The price index 
for export air freight decreased 0.7 percent in September, after declining 1.8 percent the previous month. 
Lower Asian air freight prices in September drove the overall drop. Prices for export air freight fell 4.3 
percent over the past year.       
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for October 2024 are scheduled for release on Friday, 
November 15, 2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for End Use categories of goods: September 2023 to September 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
All commodities		100.000	141.4	140.8	-0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.2	-0.4
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		84.364	109.0	109.3	1.7	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.3
All imports excluding petroleum		92.109	124.9	125.1	1.6	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.2
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		91.743	129.1	129.2	1.8	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	7.379	225.5	222.1	3.8	1.1	1.4	0.2	-1.5
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	6.045	255.0	249.8	4.8	1.3	1.8	0.1	-2.0
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.334	154.0	155.3	-0.4	0.2	-0.1	0.7	0.8
Industrial supplies & materials	1	23.210	245.7	241.3	-4.3	-0.2	-0.1	-1.3	-1.8
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		15.331	202.0	203.9	3.3	0.7	-0.2	-0.4	0.9
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		14.941	228.3	230.7	4.4	0.6	-0.2	-0.4	1.1
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.576	223.1	226.4	5.2	1.1	-0.1	-0.2	1.5
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		5.744	177.2	177.3	0.3	0.1	-0.3	-0.8	0.1
Fuels & lubricants	10	8.257	283.9	264.1	-17.3	-1.7	0.0	-2.9	-7.0
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	7.891	310.5	288.3	-16.7	-2.0	0.0	-2.9	-7.1
Crude petroleum	10000	5.328	315.3	294.5	-18.3	-1.3	1.3	-4.8	-6.6
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.214	103.1	97.1	-39.1	7.6	-0.7	-2.6	-5.8
Natural gas	10110	0.115	67.0	57.3	-57.4	-3.3	2.1	-7.5	-14.5
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.549	144.1	142.2	4.4	1.1	2.1	-0.3	-1.3
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	4.828	197.4	198.4	3.0	-0.3	-0.6	-0.8	0.5
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	3.508	327.3	331.4	6.7	1.5	-0.1	-2.0	1.3
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	2.760	233.3	239.8	11.0	1.5	0.1	1.6	2.8
Capital goods	2	28.502	93.8	93.8	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.0
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.563	84.5	84.5	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.0
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	1.636	157.4	157.7	3.1	-0.5	-0.9	0.1	0.2
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	13.648	121.7	121.9	2.7	0.1	0.5	0.2	0.2
Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2 digit (Dec. 2023=100)	30	13.648	102.2	102.3	-	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	27.260	110.5	110.7	0.8	-0.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	13.733	128.2	128.2	2.6	0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	12.622	94.6	94.7	-0.5	0.0	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	0.905	115.6	117.7	-4.5	-5.3	-0.9	-2.0	1.8
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for End Use categories of goods: September 2023 to September 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
All commodities		100.000	147.9	146.8	-2.1	-0.3	0.5	-0.9	-0.7
Agricultural commodities		9.179	219.9	221.3	-5.3	1.1	-2.0	-2.1	0.6
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		76.062	116.2	116.5	2.3	0.0	0.2	-0.1	0.3
All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)		84.536	100.3	100.6	1.8	0.1	0.0	-0.2	0.3
Nonagricultural commodities		90.821	142.2	140.9	-1.8	-0.4	0.8	-0.7	-0.9
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	8.475	223.8	225.9	-3.7	1.1	-1.7	-2.0	0.9
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.087	225.4	227.5	-4.0	1.2	-1.8	-2.1	0.9
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.387	191.9	194.6	3.6	0.6	1.1	0.6	1.4
Industrial supplies & materials	1	38.007	197.2	192.5	-6.3	-1.0	1.7	-1.6	-2.4
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2020=100)		22.569	119.3	120.0	5.2	0.3	0.4	0.0	0.6
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		11.419	221.9	223.9	7.4	0.6	-0.1	0.2	0.9
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		26.589	185.4	178.4	-11.4	-1.6	2.4	-2.3	-3.8
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.065	191.8	189.1	-14.3	0.3	-3.7	-2.4	-1.4
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		36.942	197.4	192.7	-6.0	-1.0	1.8	-1.6	-2.4
Fuels & lubricants	11	15.464	226.2	211.1	-19.9	-2.6	3.5	-3.9	-6.7
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.709	200.4	201.8	6.5	0.3	0.7	0.1	0.7
Selected building materials	13	0.769	152.3	152.2	2.8	0.0	1.0	0.6	-0.1
Capital goods	2	31.924	123.3	123.5	1.6	0.1	0.1	-0.2	0.2
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.679	102.6	102.8	1.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.4	0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	5.682	219.9	220.1	4.0	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	8.770	129.5	129.4	2.9	0.0	0.3	0.1	-0.1
Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)	30	8.770	101.8	101.8	-	0.0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	12.824	117.7	118.0	-0.9	-0.3	-0.1	0.1	0.3
Nondurables, manufactured	40	6.819	107.9	108.1	-2.0	0.2	0.5	-0.1	0.2
Durables, manufactured	41	4.893	121.2	121.6	1.3	0.0	-0.7	0.1	0.3
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.112	121.6	122.1	-4.0	-3.8	-0.2	0.6	0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for NAICS industries: September 2023 to September 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Nonmanufacturing		8.119	151.8	143.1	-12.9	-0.6	2.2	-3.1	-5.7
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.279	244.3	234.6	4.0	1.0	4.2	0.4	-4.0
Crop production	111	1.903	257.2	243.7	3.5	1.5	4.9	0.1	-5.2
Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)	112	0.253	124.6	126.9	9.5	-3.9	4.0	2.3	1.8
Mining	21	5.841	142.0	132.9	-18.3	-1.2	1.5	-4.5	-6.4
Oil and gas extraction	211	5.574	139.7	130.3	-19.4	-1.4	1.5	-4.9	-6.7
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)	212	0.267	121.5	121.5	8.9	5.0	0.3	4.5	0.0
Manufacturing		91.568	123.0	123.0	0.8	0.1	-0.2	0.1	0.0
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.978	140.7	140.8	2.2	0.2	-0.6	0.0	0.1
Food manufacturing	311	4.447	195.8	196.4	6.6	0.5	-0.6	-0.3	0.3
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.172	142.6	143.2	1.3	-0.1	0.2	0.1	0.4
Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)	313	0.326	103.0	102.7	-	0.2	0.5	0.1	-0.3
Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100)	314	0.887	99.7	100.1	-	0.0	0.0	-0.4	0.4
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.498	118.9	118.9	0.3	-0.1	-0.2	0.3	0.0
Manufacturing, part 2	32	19.025	143.0	141.7	-1.7	-0.2	-0.7	0.2	-0.9
Paper manufacturing	322	1.020	124.3	121.9	1.2	0.6	1.2	-0.2	-1.9
Printing and related support activities (Dec. 2023=100)	323	0.147	100.7	100.7	-	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.353	143.0	130.3	-15.4	-3.1	-3.4	1.6	-8.9
Chemical manufacturing	325	11.045	151.1	151.4	1.7	0.2	-0.4	0.0	0.2
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.542	131.9	132.3	-0.8	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.3
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	1.091	144.4	144.8	-0.2	-0.3	0.0	0.1	0.3
Manufacturing, part 3	33	60.565	113.5	113.9	1.4	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.4
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.905	234.8	239.4	11.0	1.4	-0.2	-0.8	2.0
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.167	145.1	146.2	-0.7	0.4	-0.2	-0.1	0.8
Machinery manufacturing	333	7.965	132.3	132.4	0.3	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.1
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	16.452	72.3	72.4	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	6.248	125.5	125.5	-1.6	-0.2	0.2	0.1	0.0
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	14.056	120.6	120.8	2.6	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.2
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.855	128.1	128.3	-0.7	0.2	-0.1	0.1	0.2
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.918	130.5	130.7	2.3	0.5	0.2	-0.2	0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for NAICS industries: September 2023 to September 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Nonmanufacturing		13.629	161.6	155.7	-14.0	-0.2	-0.9	-3.5	-3.7
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	4.163	169.7	170.9	-11.5	0.2	-3.8	-4.6	0.7
Crop production	111	3.869	177.5	179.3	-11.8	0.4	-4.1	-5.0	1.0
Mining	21	9.466	103.3	97.5	-15.4	-0.4	0.4	-2.9	-5.6
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)	211	8.181	91.4	85.8	-17.3	-0.3	0.7	-3.1	-6.1
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.285	130.4	127.6	-2.9	-1.2	-1.8	-2.0	-2.1
Manufacturing		84.721	134.8	134.4	-0.4	-0.2	0.7	-0.5	-0.3
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.450	170.3	171.1	-1.1	1.3	-0.5	-0.2	0.5
Food manufacturing	311	4.697	202.9	204.5	-0.2	2.0	-0.2	0.0	0.8
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.495	131.2	131.5	-6.7	-1.5	-0.5	-0.3	0.2
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.682	133.7	131.4	-6.2	-1.4	2.6	-1.4	-1.7
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.452	125.0	124.8	7.8	0.7	1.6	0.6	-0.2
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	5.694	138.4	126.7	-26.3	-6.3	8.9	-6.2	-8.5
Chemical manufacturing	325	14.781	132.5	132.7	0.7	0.0	0.8	0.1	0.2
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.264	135.1	135.3	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.1
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.734	131.1	131.3	-1.0	-0.3	-0.1	-0.2	0.2
Manufacturing, part 3	33	52.588	131.8	132.3	2.7	0.1	0.0	-0.1	0.4
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.819	218.4	222.8	12.5	1.7	-0.1	0.6	2.0
Machinery manufacturing	333	9.673	153.2	153.4	2.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	12.544	82.5	82.7	-0.5	-0.2	-0.2	-0.7	0.2
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	13.524	150.4	150.4	3.5	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100)	337	0.357	102.3	102.3	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.121	142.3	142.8	3.4	-0.4	0.0	0.1	0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for Harmonized categories of goods: September 2023 to September 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Live animals; animal products	I	1.510	244.3	245.8	5.0	-0.3	0.3	1.1	0.6
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.452	363.0	362.2	11.6	-1.5	-0.4	3.4	-0.2
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.700	149.3	150.3	1.6	0.1	-0.8	1.0	0.7
Vegetable products	II	2.179	263.9	249.1	-2.1	0.1	4.4	0.7	-5.6
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.734	704.9	574.1	6.7	26.5	17.4	0.0	-18.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.673	109.1	107.5	-13.7	-15.6	-0.5	4.1	-1.5
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.421	318.2	324.9	10.4	5.7	0.8	-1.2	2.1
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.440	146.4	148.2	1.6	-0.4	-1.1	-2.0	1.2
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared (Dec. 2023=100)	15	0.440	98.5	99.8	-	-0.4	-1.2	-2.0	1.3
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.580	207.6	207.9	5.9	0.2	-0.5	-0.2	0.1
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)	17	0.234	122.7	120.4	2.9	0.6	-5.8	1.2	-1.9
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.437	227.6	224.3	77.7	-1.1	-2.8	-1.7	-1.4
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.489	99.8	100.1	-	0.2	-0.4	0.1	0.3
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)	21	0.388	92.4	92.5	-5.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.1
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.111	155.6	156.2	0.8	-0.1	0.2	0.2	0.4
Mineral products	V	8.309	291.0	270.6	-17.4	-1.7	0.1	-2.8	-7.0
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	7.995	283.9	263.1	-18.1	-1.8	0.1	-3.1	-7.3
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.690	172.7	172.6	1.2	0.2	-0.5	0.0	-0.1
Organic chemicals	29	2.200	136.9	136.2	-4.8	0.2	-0.2	0.2	-0.5
Pharmaceutical products	30	5.599	156.0	156.0	5.9	0.2	-0.5	0.0	0.0
Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)	31	0.197	56.9	57.3	-8.5	-1.8	-2.7	-3.1	0.7
Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)	32	0.194	101.0	100.9	-2.0	-0.6	-0.1	0.4	-0.1
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.877	112.3	113.0	-4.2	0.7	-0.5	0.4	0.6
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.761	154.7	155.9	0.5	0.3	-0.1	0.4	0.8
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.493	150.8	152.3	-0.7	0.1	-0.6	0.4	1.0
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.269	165.6	166.1	2.7	0.6	0.9	0.4	0.3
Printed matter (Dec. 2023=100)	49	0.168	100.1	100.1	-	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.519	120.7	120.8	0.3	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.1
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100)	61	1.931	99.4	99.3	-	-0.1	-0.2	0.0	-0.1
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.428	127.8	127.7	0.9	0.0	0.2	0.0	-0.1
Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec. 2023=100)	63	0.616	98.8	99.4	-	0.0	-0.1	-0.6	0.6
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.451	127.3	126.9	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.4	-0.3
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.185	124.1	123.7	0.0	0.2	0.4	-0.1	-0.3
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.938	137.6	138.0	0.4	-0.4	0.0	0.0	0.3
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.324	100.7	101.3	-0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.6
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)	70	0.342	110.5	111.0	2.8	-1.5	0.0	0.0	0.5
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.295	245.8	252.2	13.2	1.3	1.2	0.4	2.6
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	3.295	109.2	112.1	-	1.2	1.2	0.4	2.7
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.843	229.0	230.1	0.8	0.5	-0.6	-1.3	0.5
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.715	190.1	189.9	-3.7	-0.4	-0.3	-0.1	-0.1
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.532	408.4	411.4	11.7	0.4	-3.0	-7.2	0.7
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.135	200.1	203.6	9.1	4.3	-0.9	-0.6	1.7
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.405	130.6	131.6	-0.6	-0.7	0.0	0.0	0.8
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.510	142.3	142.6	-2.7	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	30.354	82.3	82.4	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.209	89.6	89.7	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.1	0.1
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	15.145	75.5	75.6	-0.3	0.0	0.3	0.3	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	11.851	124.8	125.0	2.3	0.1	0.5	0.0	0.2
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	11.074	123.9	124.0	2.1	0.1	0.6	0.0	0.1
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	0.637	110.9	111.1	3.6	0.8	0.1	0.1	0.2
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	4.230	112.4	112.7	3.9	1.2	0.2	0.1	0.3
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.928	107.9	108.1	3.9	1.2	0.1	0.0	0.2
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.540	120.1	120.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	0.1
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.529	127.1	127.4	0.0	0.2	-0.2	0.0	0.2
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.699	106.2	106.3	-0.5	0.0	-0.5	-0.4	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.312	152.6	152.6	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for Harmonized categories of goods: September 2023 to September 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Live animals; animal products	I	2.049	276.1	277.9	6.9	1.4	-0.4	0.3	0.7
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.333	240.9	242.3	9.9	2.3	-0.8	0.0	0.6
Vegetable products	II	3.792	221.0	223.3	-12.0	0.1	-3.4	-4.4	1.0
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.890	155.1	160.4	22.0	3.5	-2.4	1.4	3.4
Cereals	10	1.029	208.8	212.8	-16.7	-0.5	-8.0	-4.3	1.9
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.484	217.6	216.0	-23.3	-0.7	-1.3	-8.7	-0.7
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.900	181.9	183.2	-1.8	1.9	-0.3	-0.2	0.7
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.299	101.0	101.0	-	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.647	121.9	124.2	4.4	3.2	-2.7	1.0	1.9
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.587	244.1	245.7	-15.5	-1.2	1.3	-1.7	0.7
Mineral products	V	15.207	271.6	253.6	-19.8	-2.6	3.5	-4.2	-6.6
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.432	128.3	131.5	6.1	0.7	-0.8	-4.7	2.5
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	14.579	259.6	241.4	-20.7	-2.7	3.7	-4.2	-7.0
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	12.628	159.3	159.0	-1.0	-0.1	0.8	0.3	-0.2
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.503	104.7	105.1	-2.8	0.2	0.8	0.0	0.4
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.816	145.1	143.3	-3.4	-0.1	-0.8	-0.1	-1.2
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.359	194.2	194.2	0.8	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.931	193.5	193.9	14.0	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.2
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.488	112.9	112.7	5.3	0.1	1.8	1.0	-0.2
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2023=100)	44	0.488	105.3	105.1	-	0.1	1.8	1.1	-0.2
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.585	175.3	175.9	31.4	0.3	0.0	1.2	0.3
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.529	139.3	139.9	-15.2	4.0	-7.8	-6.1	0.4
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.751	153.9	154.2	3.6	-0.3	0.4	0.2	0.2
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.356	115.0	115.5	1.0	-0.2	0.4	-0.4	0.4
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	5.281	343.2	351.5	15.1	-0.3	0.0	1.7	2.4
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals; jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	5.281	109.9	112.6	-	-0.3	0.0	1.7	2.5
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.493	211.0	209.6	-0.1	0.8	-0.5	-1.2	-0.7
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.618	278.4	278.8	6.3	1.0	-3.4	-7.3	0.1
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.811	156.4	152.4	9.1	2.4	-0.5	-0.8	-2.6
Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)	83	0.363	106.4	106.3	3.2	0.0	0.8	-0.1	-0.1
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	26.616	108.3	108.5	1.7	0.0	0.1	-0.4	0.2
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.837	134.0	134.1	2.5	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	10.779	81.7	81.9	0.4	-0.2	0.0	-1.1	0.2
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	9.861	155.9	155.9	2.4	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	7.345	130.0	129.9	2.3	0.0	0.0	0.1	-0.1
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.885	121.2	121.4	2.6	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100)	90	5.828	101.9	102.1	-	0.4	0.2	-0.1	0.2
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.170	136.0	135.4	0.4	0.1	-0.5	0.2	-0.4
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi	94	0.583	151.0	151.0	2.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.443	116.6	115.2	-2.3	-0.7	-1.3	0.2	-1.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: September 2023 to September 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	146.9	146.5	-0.3	-0.1	-0.1	-0.3	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing	10.593	249.5	235.7	-16.4	-1.0	1.5	-3.5	-5.5
Manufacturing	89.067	138.7	139.2	2.1	0.1	-0.3	0.1	0.4
Canada	100.000	171.5	168.8	-6.3	-0.2	0.6	-1.7	-1.6
Nonmanufacturing	31.433	242.4	228.3	-18.0	-0.9	1.3	-3.9	-5.8
Manufacturing	67.808	156.3	156.9	0.0	0.1	0.4	-0.6	0.4
European Union	100.000	158.7	158.6	1.8	0.1	-0.4	0.2	-0.1
Manufacturing	99.341	154.4	154.2	1.8	0.1	-0.4	0.2	-0.1
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	158.2	158.2	4.5	0.0	-0.3	0.1	0.0
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	125.4	125.4	1.1	0.2	0.1	0.4	0.0
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	139.1	138.1	0.4	0.4	-0.5	0.0	-0.7
Latin America(3)	100.000	175.2	173.5	1.0	0.3	0.6	-0.3	-1.0
Nonmanufacturing	13.590	339.7	320.4	-8.4	0.7	3.6	-1.6	-5.7
Manufacturing	86.183	141.4	141.1	2.7	0.3	0.1	-0.1	-0.2
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	149.2	147.6	0.6	0.2	0.9	-0.1	-1.1
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	9.167	191.9	169.6	-9.5	0.8	8.8	-1.5	-11.6
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	90.611	101.2	101.2	1.8	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.0
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	102.1	102.4	-0.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	100.5	100.5	-1.0	0.0	-0.1	0.1	0.0
Japan	100.000	101.1	101.3	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	109.4	109.3	-0.2	-0.4	0.8	0.6	-0.1
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	94.7	95.3	-0.6	-0.1	0.5	-0.1	0.6
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	100.0	100.4	-0.8	-0.7	0.3	0.1	0.4
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	216.6	203.5	-9.9	-3.5	2.4	-0.4	-6.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: September 2023 to September 2024 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	122.6	122.6	1.2	0.7	0.4	-0.7	0.0
Nonmanufacturing	14.406	138.7	135.3	-8.6	2.1	1.7	-4.3	-2.5
Manufacturing	84.048	120.8	121.2	2.5	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.3
Canada	100.000	128.6	128.0	-0.7	0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.5
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	6.966	128.7	125.5	-10.0	0.4	-2.5	-3.4	-2.5
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	91.287	120.3	119.9	-0.4	0.2	0.1	-0.2	-0.3
European Union	100.000	121.4	119.4	-0.1	0.0	1.0	-1.6	-1.6
Nonmanufacturing	22.059	138.7	128.7	-17.0	-0.6	1.8	-5.5	-7.2
Manufacturing	76.339	118.2	118.2	4.0	0.2	0.9	-0.3	0.0
Germany	100.000	124.6	124.7	5.8	0.1	0.4	-0.3	0.1
Latin America(3)	100.000	122.6	120.3	-4.9	-1.0	1.7	-1.5	-1.9
Nonmanufacturing	6.852	129.1	127.5	-8.7	3.5	-2.8	-5.7	-1.2
Manufacturing	92.566	122.1	119.8	-4.8	-1.3	2.1	-1.3	-1.9
Mexico	100.000	123.4	121.8	-3.3	-0.2	0.7	-1.0	-1.3
Nonmanufacturing	5.469	104.7	106.2	-10.9	8.5	-5.6	-6.2	1.4
Manufacturing	93.645	125.6	123.6	-3.1	-0.7	1.2	-0.8	-1.6
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	112.8	111.8	-1.8	0.4	-0.5	-1.5	-0.9
Nonmanufacturing	19.477	112.0	107.3	-13.8	0.6	-0.3	-6.2	-4.2
Manufacturing	79.302	114.6	114.5	1.4	0.4	-0.5	-0.2	-0.1
China	100.000	104.4	104.0	-4.7	-0.2	-0.8	-1.8	-0.4
Nonmanufacturing	22.868	94.9	92.6	-17.5	-0.6	-1.0	-6.8	-2.4
Manufacturing	75.541	109.9	110.1	-0.1	0.0	-0.7	0.0	0.2
Japan	100.000	111.0	110.8	0.5	1.5	-0.4	-1.3	-0.2
Nonmanufacturing	20.409	116.9	114.7	-2.9	2.9	-0.1	-5.8	-1.9
Manufacturing	78.366	109.5	109.8	1.3	1.2	-0.5	-0.1	0.3
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: September 2023 to September 2024(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
			Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	102.2	102.4	1.5	0.8	0.5	-0.4	0.2
Canada	98.5	99.6	6.0	0.5	-0.7	1.3	1.1
European Union	103.0	101.3	-1.8	-0.1	1.5	-1.8	-1.7
Germany	114.4	114.5	4.7	-0.1	0.3	-0.7	0.1
Latin America(3)	104.2	103.2	-5.8	-1.2	1.1	-1.1	-1.0
Mexico	106.7	106.5	-3.8	-0.4	-0.2	-0.9	-0.2
Pacific Rim(4)	108.7	107.4	-1.5	0.5	-0.5	-1.5	-1.2
China	104.0	103.6	-3.7	-0.2	-0.7	-1.9	-0.4
Japan	104.9	104.5	0.7	1.6	-0.5	-1.3	-0.4
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: September 2023 to September 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Aug. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Aug. 2024	Sep. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Sep. 2023 to Sep. 2024	May 2024 to Jun. 2024	Jun. 2024 to Jul. 2024	Jul. 2024 to Aug. 2024	Aug. 2024 to Sep. 2024
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	266.9	279.7	21.0	0.7	12.2	2.3	4.8
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	18.671	153.5	150.1	-19.2	-6.2	6.2	-2.5	-2.2
Asia	80.451	296.6	314.4	35.6	2.7	14.4	3.8	6.0
Export Air Freight	100.000	173.2	172.0	-4.3	0.7	3.8	-1.8	-0.7
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	27.104	128.2	128.2	-11.2	1.5	14.0	-10.3	0.0
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	49.952	139.6	137.4	-3.8	0.1	-2.0	3.3	-1.6
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	179.1	186.1	11.5	1.9	5.4	-0.5	3.9
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	23.789	131.1	127.2	-14.6	-6.6	5.7	-4.3	-3.0
Asia	65.196	186.3	197.6	25.8	3.3	6.2	3.3	6.1
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	170.1	167.3	-7.2	2.4	0.1	0.2	-1.6
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	34.591	162.6	161.9	-6.7	1.1	9.4	-7.4	-0.4
Asia	44.820	186.7	181.1	-8.6	4.5	-7.7	8.0	-3.0
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	153.8	175.2	0.7	9.0	-11.3	-12.4	13.9
Europe	46.248	165.2	204.6	-1.1	7.7	-12.3	-15.9	23.8
Asia	12.634	151.0	154.0	-9.9	9.5	-11.8	-9.1	2.0
Latin America/Caribbean	10.437	135.6	132.7	-4.3	8.8	-1.0	-8.6	-2.1
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	180.6	178.0	-0.9	10.6	0.6	-8.1	-1.4
Europe	36.951	216.7	221.5	-6.8	15.5	-1.0	-13.4	2.2
Asia	12.797	198.8	173.0	-13.2	5.1	1.0	-0.9	-13.0
Latin America/Caribbean	31.181	174.4	171.7	-1.5	12.7	3.9	-6.1	-1.5
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

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