U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                    USDL-21-2017 
8:30 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, November 16, 2021

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                            U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - OCTOBER 2021

U.S. import prices rose 1.2 percent in October following a 0.4-percent advance in September, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Higher fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to the October 
increase. Prices for U.S. exports advanced 1.5 percent in October, after rising 0.4 percent in September and 
0.3 percent in August.


Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports increased 1.2 percent in October, the largest monthly advance since a 1.3-
percent rise in May. Prior to October, import prices advanced 0.5 percent from June to September. Prices for 
U.S. imports rose 10.7 percent from October 2020 to October 2021, the largest over-the-year increase since 
June 2021. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices advanced 8.6 percent in October following a 3.9-percent increase the 
previous month. In October, higher petroleum and natural gas prices contributed to the advance. Petroleum 
prices rose 8.1 percent in October, the largest monthly increase since March 2021. Prices for natural gas also 
advanced in October, rising 19.7 percent, after a 6.5-percent increase in September. The October advance 
was the largest 1-month rise since the index increased 44.2 percent in November 2020. The price index for 
import fuel rose 86.7 percent over the past year. Both an 86.1-percent advance in petroleum prices and a 
134.0-percent increase in natural gas prices factored into the 12-month rise in import fuel prices in October.

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports increased 0.4 percent in October, after a 0.1-
percent advance in September and no change in August and July. In October, higher prices for nonfuel 
industrial supplies and materials; automotive vehicles; foods, feeds, and beverages; and consumer goods 
contributed to the increase in nonfuel import prices. The price index for nonfuel imports rose 5.5 percent 
from October 2020 to October 2021. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices advanced 0.8 percent in October 
following a 1.4-percent increase the previous month. The October advance was led by a 5.6-percent rise in 
meat prices and a 1.1-percent increase in fish and shellfish prices, which more than offset lower fruit prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 0.9 percent 
in October, after a 3.2-percent downturn from June to September. The October increase was primarily 
driven by a 6.8-percent rise in selected building material prices and a 2.8-percent advance in chemical 
prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods categories were mostly up in October. The price index 
for automotive vehicles increased 0.7 percent, the largest monthly advance since a 0.7-percent rise in April 
2012. Consumer goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent following a 0.4-percent increase in September. Higher 
prices for household and kitchen appliances; furniture; and toiletries and cosmetics all contributed to the 
October advance. Prices for capital goods were unchanged in October.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2020
October	-0.1	-1.0	0.0	0.2	3.5	-0.2
November	0.1	4.4	-0.2	0.8	3.5	0.5
December	1.0	7.3	0.4	1.2	1.0	1.3
2021
January	1.5	9.0	0.9	2.7	6.0	2.3
February	1.2	10.9	0.4	1.6	2.7	1.5
March	1.5	8.0	0.9	2.5	2.4	2.5
April	0.9	1.9	0.8	1.2	0.7	1.2
May	1.3	5.2	0.9	2.3	6.1	1.8
June	1.1	4.9	0.7	1.2	1.4	1.1
July	0.3	(r)2.9	(r)0.0	1.1	-1.7	(r)1.3
August	(r)-0.2	(r)-2.3	(r)0.0	(r)0.3	0.9	0.3
September	0.4	(r)3.9	(r)0.1	(r)0.4	(r)-1.5	(r)0.6
October	1.2	8.6	0.4	1.5	1.0	1.5
Oct. 2019 to 2020	-1.0	-26.2	1.6	-1.7	3.2	-2.1
Oct. 2020 to 2021	10.7	86.7	5.5	18.0	24.5	17.2
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices advanced 1.5 percent in October, the largest 1-month increase since a 2.3-percent rise in 
May 2021. In October, higher prices for both agricultural exports and nonagricultural exports contributed to 
the overall advance. The price index for U.S. exports rose 18.0 percent over the past year, the largest 12-
month increase since the series was first published in September 1983. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Prices for agricultural exports increased 1.0 percent in October, after declining 1.5 
percent in September. In October, higher prices for wheat, other animal feeds, cotton, meat, and dairy 
products more than offset lower soybean prices. Agricultural export prices increased 24.5 percent from 
October 2020 to October 2021. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports rose 1.5 percent in 
October following a 0.6-percent increase the previous month. Nonagricultural export prices have not 
recorded a 1-month decline since October 2020. In October, higher prices for nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials; capital goods; automotive vehicles; consumer goods; and nonagricultural foods all 
contributed to the advance in nonagricultural export prices. Prices for nonagricultural exports rose 17.2 
percent over the past year, the largest 12-month increase since the series was first published in March 1985. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 
increased 3.3 percent in October, after advancing 1.4 percent in September. The rise in October was driven 
by a 7.0-percent increase in export fuel prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories advanced in October. Capital goods 
prices rose 0.2 percent for the second consecutive month and have not recorded a monthly decline since 
November 2020. In October, higher prices for industrial and service machinery and for electrical generating 
equipment more than offset lower prices for computers, peripherals, and semiconductors. Prices for 
automotive vehicles rose 0.3 percent in October led by a 0.8-percent advance in prices for vehicles designed 
to transport goods. The price index for consumer goods increased 0.2 percent following a 0.7-percent 
decline from June to September.


Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China rose 0.2 percent for the third consecutive month 
in October following a 0.7-percent advance in July. The price index for imports from China increased 4.2 
percent for the year ended in October, the largest 12-month rise since the index advanced 4.3 percent from 
October 2007 to October 2008. Import prices from Japan were unchanged in October and advanced 2.0 
percent over the past year. The price index for imports from Canada increased 4.7 percent in October, the 
largest 1-month advance since May. Prices for imports from Canada advanced 30.1 percent over the past 12 
months. Import prices from Mexico also rose in October, increasing 0.7 percent, after advancing 0.8 percent 
in September and 0.7 percent in August. In contrast, the price index for imports from the European Union 
declined 0.2 percent following 0.1-percent increases in each of the 2 previous months. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China advanced 0.7 percent in October, after 
decreasing 0.4 percent in September. The October rise was the largest monthly advance since June. The 
price index for exports to China increased 13.6 percent over the past year. Export prices to Japan rose 1.0 
percent in October following a 0.8-percent advance the previous month. Prices for exports to Japan 
increased 13.8 percent for the year ended in October. The October price index for exports to Canada rose 
1.4 percent following a 1.1-percent increase in September. Prices for exports to Mexico increased 2.1 
percent in October, after rising 1.1 percent the previous month. Export prices to the European Union 
increased 1.6 percent in October, the largest monthly advance for the index since a 1.7-percent rise in June 
2020. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China advanced 
0.5 percent in October, after declining 0.6 percent the previous month. In October, higher export prices to 
China more than offset rising import prices from China. The index for U.S. terms of trade with China 
increased 9.0 percent from October 2020 to October 2021. U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 1.0 percent in 
October following a 0.7-percent advance in September. In contrast, the index for U.S. terms of trade with 
Canada fell 3.2 percent in October, after increasing 8.1 percent from June to September. U.S. terms of trade 
with Canada fell 11.4 percent over the past year. In October, U.S. terms of trade with Mexico advanced 1.5 
percent and U.S. terms of trade with the European Union rose 1.9 percent. (See table 9.) 


Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares fell 1.4 percent in October, after increasing 4.7 percent in September 
and decreasing 6.0 percent in August. Import air passenger fares advanced 9.3 percent over the past 12 
months, the smallest over-the-year increase since April. The price index for import air freight advanced 1.9 
percent in October following a 4.8-percent increase in September. Both monthly advances were driven by 
higher prices for Asian import air freight. Overall import air freight prices rose 27.6 percent over the past 
year. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares decreased 2.3 percent in October, after declining 8.8 percent the 
previous month. In October, lower prices for Asian, Latin American/Caribbean, and European fares all 
contributed to the drop. Despite the recent declines, export air passenger fares rose 12.4 percent for the year 
ended in October. Export air freight prices increased 1.5 percent in October following a 0.8-percent advance 
the previous month. Higher Asian and European air freight prices both contributed to the October increase. 
Prices for export air freight rose 13.5 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance 
since the index increased 15.0 percent in October 2011. 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for November are scheduled for release on Wednesday, December 15, 
2021 at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2020 to October 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
All commodities		100.000	134.9	136.5	10.7	0.3	-0.2	0.4	1.2
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		83.451	105.2	105.5	5.0	0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.3
All imports excluding petroleum		90.800	119.9	120.5	6.1	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.5
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		90.022	123.6	124.1	5.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.4
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	6.571	198.4	200.0	11.2	0.6	0.7	1.4	0.8
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	5.089	214.1	215.9	9.8	0.0	1.0	1.5	0.8
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.482	163.9	165.2	16.2	2.6	-0.6	1.1	0.8
Industrial supplies & materials	1	25.538	234.6	243.9	41.3	0.3	-1.7	1.1	4.0
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		16.575	198.8	202.2	23.5	-0.6	-1.2	-0.4	1.7
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		15.640	221.7	223.8	20.6	-1.3	-1.3	-0.7	0.9
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.985	218.0	218.8	17.6	-3.1	-2.5	-1.9	0.4
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		6.353	174.6	181.3	33.6	3.7	0.8	2.0	3.8
Fuels & lubricants	10	9.978	260.2	282.7	86.7	2.9	-2.3	3.9	8.6
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	9.200	276.9	299.4	86.1	2.2	-2.4	3.8	8.1
Crude petroleum	10000	6.024	286.8	311.9	93.0	2.1	-4.9	4.8	8.8
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.679	198.8	232.5	117.3	15.8	-0.6	5.4	17.0
Natural gas	10110	0.586	189.0	226.3	134.0	16.6	-0.7	6.5	19.7
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.519	128.0	128.6	19.0	3.6	0.9	0.5	0.5
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	5.056	190.1	194.4	27.3	2.1	1.1	1.7	2.3
Selected building materials	13	1.607	169.1	180.6	-4.6	-15.0	-15.8	-10.0	6.8
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	4.499	353.9	344.9	29.5	-0.9	1.2	-1.0	-2.5
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	2.133	201.3	203.6	26.6	3.4	0.7	1.2	1.1
Nonmetals related to durable goods	16	1.746	120.1	121.0	7.2	1.0	0.3	0.4	0.7
Capital goods	2	26.997	90.0	90.0	1.8	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0
Electric generating equipment	20	3.292	122.3	122.4	0.9	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1
Nonelectrical machinery	21	21.206	81.8	81.9	2.0	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.1
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	2.499	138.9	138.6	2.1	0.1	0.0	0.1	-0.2
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	15.219	113.2	114.0	2.7	0.4	0.4	0.1	0.7
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	25.675	108.6	108.7	1.7	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	12.932	124.6	124.6	0.1	-0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	11.704	93.4	93.6	3.2	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	1.038	121.0	120.7	3.7	0.1	0.0	0.2	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2020 to October 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
All commodities		100.000	143.1	145.2	18.0	1.1	0.3	0.4	1.5
Agricultural commodities		10.165	224.6	226.8	24.5	-1.7	0.9	-1.5	1.0
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		74.969	110.4	110.7	7.9	0.2	0.2	-0.1	0.3
Nonagricultural commodities		89.835	136.9	138.9	17.2	1.3	0.3	0.6	1.5
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	9.359	229.1	231.3	24.0	-1.9	1.0	-1.7	1.0
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.882	229.2	231.3	24.5	-2.0	0.9	-1.9	0.9
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.478	230.5	234.2	15.7	1.2	1.8	2.0	1.6
Industrial supplies & materials	1	38.840	199.9	206.3	45.6	2.9	0.5	1.4	3.2
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		10.887	211.0	211.0	16.2	0.2	0.4	-0.2	0.0
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		27.953	193.3	201.9	61.1	4.1	0.5	2.0	4.4
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.257	203.2	206.2	24.4	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.5
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		37.583	199.9	206.4	46.4	3.0	0.5	1.4	3.3
Fuels & lubricants	11	15.671	235.6	252.1	96.8	8.1	0.4	4.6	7.0
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.967	199.5	200.6	23.0	-0.2	0.6	-0.8	0.6
Selected building materials	13	0.945	154.4	155.2	24.8	1.1	0.3	0.8	0.5
Capital goods	2	31.847	114.3	114.5	2.8	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2
Electrical generating equipment	20	3.314	124.0	124.7	3.6	0.2	0.2	0.7	0.6
Nonelectrical machinery	21	20.872	97.0	97.1	2.5	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.1
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	7.661	191.2	191.4	3.2	0.6	0.2	0.0	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	8.879	115.9	116.2	1.8	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.3
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	11.075	111.9	112.1	1.3	-0.2	-0.3	-0.3	0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	5.543	109.1	109.5	0.4	-0.7	-0.2	-0.1	0.4
Durables, manufactured	41	4.326	108.8	108.9	0.3	0.4	0.0	-0.7	0.1
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.206	102.7	102.3	9.5	0.2	-1.3	0.4	-0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: October 2020 to October 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Nonmanufacturing		8.916	137.7	147.8	67.8	2.9	-2.2	4.7	7.3
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.071	202.4	201.2	9.6	0.4	4.1	3.7	-0.6
Crop production	111	1.671	213.2	211.5	6.7	-0.6	5.0	3.9	-0.8
Mining	21	6.845	133.5	146.5	93.5	3.6	-4.1	5.0	9.7
Oil and gas extraction	211	6.534	132.6	146.0	96.2	3.4	-4.5	5.1	10.1
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2020=100)	212	0.312	136.9	140.0	-	10.3	6.0	3.6	2.3
Manufacturing		90.698	118.2	118.8	6.7	0.0	-0.1	0.1	0.5
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.320	132.9	133.6	6.3	0.6	-0.2	0.5	0.5
Food manufacturing	311	3.793	174.8	177.9	15.5	0.9	-0.7	0.7	1.8
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.161	132.7	132.8	2.3	0.0	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)	313	0.349	106.7	107.4	6.1	2.6	-0.2	0.1	0.7
Textile product mills	314	0.932	111.6	110.7	3.7	0.7	0.5	0.5	-0.8
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.526	113.9	113.7	0.7	0.0	0.3	0.4	-0.2
Leather and allied product manufacturing	316	1.560	127.7	127.9	3.1	1.5	-0.4	0.9	0.2
Manufacturing, part 2	32	19.338	137.8	140.7	14.2	-1.3	-0.9	-0.4	2.1
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)	321	0.923	127.9	143.3	-11.4	-20.6	-24.6	-17.7	12.0
Paper manufacturing	322	0.980	118.9	119.3	12.7	2.2	0.9	0.2	0.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.897	116.4	123.4	67.7	2.2	2.6	1.3	6.0
Chemical manufacturing	325	10.956	150.4	152.0	11.0	0.2	0.6	0.5	1.1
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.423	127.9	128.3	5.3	1.1	1.3	0.9	0.3
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.978	134.6	134.7	3.2	0.7	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Manufacturing, part 3	33	60.040	109.3	109.4	4.6	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Primary metal manufacturing	331	5.031	229.6	225.1	28.4	-0.6	0.2	-0.9	-2.0
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.354	142.5	143.1	13.1	1.7	1.2	0.8	0.4
Machinery manufacturing	333	7.557	123.0	123.7	3.0	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.6
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	15.772	73.1	73.0	1.8	0.6	0.1	0.3	-0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	5.053	120.0	120.9	2.6	0.7	0.3	0.1	0.8
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	16.465	112.4	113.0	2.5	0.4	0.2	0.1	0.5
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.703	119.2	120.5	4.9	-0.1	0.3	0.7	1.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.105	120.4	120.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1	-0.1	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: October 2020 to October 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Nonmanufacturing		14.578	183.1	191.6	67.8	5.1	1.0	2.7	4.6
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	5.302	197.9	198.4	27.3	-2.5	1.7	-2.3	0.3
Crop production	111	4.933	207.8	208.2	27.0	-2.9	1.7	-2.6	0.2
Mining	21	9.276	116.1	124.4	104.6	10.4	0.6	5.9	7.1
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.210	122.6	128.7	47.6	5.3	2.2	4.3	5.0
Manufacturing		83.535	127.1	128.3	11.5	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.9
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.755	163.3	164.9	17.2	0.3	0.5	-0.1	1.0
Food manufacturing	311	4.861	191.0	194.2	22.8	0.2	0.8	-0.1	1.7
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.561	133.9	132.7	4.3	-1.1	-1.7	-1.3	-0.9
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.058	131.7	135.5	29.5	0.3	0.1	0.3	2.9
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.538	135.4	136.3	32.8	1.3	0.4	0.9	0.7
Paper manufacturing	322	1.464	135.6	137.4	16.3	0.9	-0.6	0.1	1.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	6.282	128.3	138.8	84.8	2.3	-0.4	2.8	8.2
Chemical manufacturing	325	13.827	137.4	139.1	18.8	-0.9	0.3	-0.9	1.2
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.057	123.1	124.8	8.1	1.4	0.3	1.2	1.4
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.724	124.4	123.9	6.4	-0.2	0.4	0.4	-0.4
Manufacturing, part 3	33	51.722	121.4	121.4	3.7	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.326	212.6	208.9	16.4	0.4	0.5	-0.1	-1.7
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.720	158.8	159.2	5.2	0.4	0.9	0.4	0.3
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.404	134.4	135.1	3.8	0.6	0.6	-0.1	0.5
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	12.212	83.0	82.8	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.2
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	3.339	120.6	121.3	2.3	0.1	0.0	0.6	0.6
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	15.594	132.9	133.2	2.5	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.2
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)	337	0.354	132.1	132.1	4.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.774	123.8	123.5	3.5	0.2	-0.4	0.0	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2020 to October 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Live animals; animal products	I	1.499	229.1	234.2	22.6	1.7	-2.4	0.8	2.2
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.437	339.7	363.4	35.0	-0.4	-6.8	-0.6	7.0
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.779	158.7	159.5	20.4	2.7	-1.6	2.1	0.5
Vegetable products	II	2.046	232.2	230.3	5.2	-0.6	4.2	3.5	-0.8
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.358	422.8	426.7	-19.5	4.8	-0.8	6.1	0.9
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.757	122.8	119.2	7.0	-4.0	9.1	2.8	-2.9
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.413	267.0	271.8	25.3	0.2	4.8	3.0	1.8
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.416	146.8	149.9	64.4	4.2	-2.6	2.0	2.1
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.019	177.6	178.4	5.1	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.5
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.203	100.4	99.9	-0.1	-1.2	0.8	3.2	-0.5
Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants	20	0.347	179.3	179.5	6.4	0.4	0.5	1.8	0.1
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.128	145.7	145.8	4.1	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.1
Mineral products	V	10.169	264.4	287.0	86.1	3.6	-2.1	3.9	8.5
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	9.719	258.2	281.1	87.8	3.3	-2.5	3.9	8.9
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.226	168.4	170.4	10.1	0.1	0.5	0.7	1.2
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.694	423.1	437.8	63.7	7.6	-0.8	2.8	3.5
Organic chemicals	29	2.365	142.2	145.5	18.6	-0.7	0.9	1.1	2.3
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.937	151.3	151.0	-2.4	-1.1	0.3	0.0	-0.2
Fertilizers (Dec. 2020=100)	31	0.451	180.7	190.3	-	4.9	1.8	4.0	5.3
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.615	113.7	114.2	11.5	1.4	0.3	0.3	0.4
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.768	156.4	157.5	8.1	0.7	1.4	0.1	0.7
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.545	161.2	162.6	12.1	1.1	1.1	0.4	0.9
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.223	149.7	150.1	0.9	-0.1	1.8	-0.4	0.3
Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials	42	0.533	137.6	138.2	5.4	3.1	-1.5	1.7	0.4
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork	IX	0.965	188.6	210.7	-10.2	-19.6	-24.4	-17.7	11.7
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)	44	0.941	131.2	146.9	-10.2	-20.0	-24.8	-18.1	12.0
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.006	124.7	124.7	12.6	1.9	2.1	0.2	0.0
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.642	110.7	111.5	7.9	0.8	2.8	-0.5	0.7
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.624	116.7	116.4	1.7	0.3	0.3	0.3	-0.3
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted	61	1.852	105.9	105.7	0.7	0.0	0.5	0.3	-0.2
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.528	122.9	122.6	0.2	0.1	-0.1	0.3	-0.2
Made-up or worn textile articles	63	0.649	105.5	105.1	4.4	1.1	0.6	0.5	-0.4
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.334	127.0	127.1	2.1	0.8	0.2	0.7	0.1
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.116	125.1	125.1	1.7	0.6	0.1	0.8	0.0
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.856	131.6	131.7	0.2	0.4	-0.6	-0.1	0.1
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.307	98.5	98.7	-	0.8	-1.9	0.1	0.2
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	2.870	233.2	221.1	-0.5	-4.0	0.1	-2.4	-5.2
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	6.343	222.7	225.8	31.6	2.5	1.0	1.0	1.4
Iron and steel	72	1.281	297.1	297.2	48.7	4.9	-0.8	1.1	0.0
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.885	182.8	186.9	27.5	3.8	1.5	1.6	2.2
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.556	410.2	400.3	31.8	-2.6	-2.3	-0.2	-2.4
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.196	184.0	189.9	43.4	2.3	2.2	0.8	3.2
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.419	126.2	126.0	2.9	0.2	0.2	0.6	-0.2
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.527	143.0	144.8	8.5	0.7	1.4	0.0	1.3
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	28.683	80.8	80.9	2.4	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	14.828	87.1	87.1	2.5	0.5	0.3	0.1	0.0
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	13.855	75.0	75.1	2.5	0.7	0.1	0.3	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	13.531	116.7	117.5	2.3	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.7
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	12.368	116.0	116.9	2.5	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.8
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	1.069	100.8	100.2	-	0.0	-0.1	0.2	-0.6
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	3.986	102.1	102.1	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2	-0.1	0.0
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.717	98.1	98.2	-0.3	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.032	113.5	113.9	2.8	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.4
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.501	120.6	121.5	4.1	0.1	0.3	0.7	0.7
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.273	101.9	101.6	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.0	-0.3
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.259	129.7	129.7	2.4	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2020 to October 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Live animals; animal products	I	2.168	272.2	276.8	31.2	0.8	3.4	0.9	1.7
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.376	226.6	228.5	37.5	-1.2	3.3	0.5	0.8
Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)	03	0.293	126.1	128.9	18.9	1.0	2.8	2.4	2.2
Dairy products, eggs and honey (Dec. 2020=100)	04	0.362	117.0	121.6	-	8.8	4.6	0.4	3.9
Vegetable products	II	4.782	255.6	254.6	24.3	-3.3	1.1	-2.9	-0.4
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.931	148.0	147.2	18.1	-0.3	4.2	1.3	-0.5
Cereals	10	1.413	278.6	286.9	41.2	-0.6	0.2	-5.5	3.0
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.960	266.8	259.4	22.4	-7.7	-0.8	-4.2	-2.8
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.823	169.2	170.8	9.8	-0.3	-1.8	-1.0	0.9
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.569	103.7	103.5	3.5	0.6	0.5	-0.6	-0.2
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)	22	0.468	110.3	110.3	1.5	-0.2	-0.2	0.0	0.0
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.761	279.0	285.7	24.6	-4.4	-5.0	-3.2	2.4
Mineral products	V	15.519	282.4	303.7	95.8	7.0	0.3	4.6	7.5
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.548	127.2	135.5	35.8	0.1	1.3	-1.0	6.5
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	14.791	271.3	292.1	100.6	7.3	0.2	4.8	7.7
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.024	154.3	156.3	13.3	-0.6	1.6	-0.2	1.3
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.671	152.4	157.5	16.8	3.7	2.1	1.7	3.3
Organic chemicals	29	2.813	181.1	185.5	30.6	-2.0	5.1	0.6	2.4
Pharmaceutical products	30	3.067	108.0	108.3	-1.3	-1.5	-0.4	-0.3	0.3
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.816	135.7	135.7	5.9	0.0	0.3	0.1	0.0
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes	34	0.406	127.1	127.3	1.2	0.2	0.2	-0.2	0.2
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.054	183.3	185.3	18.5	-0.8	0.4	-2.8	1.1
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	5.469	174.4	176.9	26.1	-0.5	-0.5	-0.1	1.4
Plastics and articles thereof	39	4.668	175.6	178.1	29.5	-0.7	-0.6	-0.6	1.4
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.801	161.8	164.5	9.2	0.7	0.3	2.3	1.7
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.633	130.1	130.5	29.3	1.3	0.3	0.5	0.3
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.876	146.4	147.2	21.1	2.7	0.1	0.3	0.5
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.746	180.0	177.8	56.5	5.1	1.0	0.4	-1.2
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.897	131.2	133.9	9.0	1.5	-0.4	0.2	2.1
Textile and textile articles	XI	1.649	133.5	135.7	14.7	1.9	0.8	1.1	1.6
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.567	149.1	156.2	38.6	2.5	2.5	2.8	4.8
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.710	133.0	132.5	2.7	0.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.4
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.393	99.6	98.9	-0.4	-0.3	-0.1	-0.1	-0.7
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.317	317.9	305.6	0.9	-2.2	-1.0	-1.8	-3.9
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.966	201.8	204.8	27.4	1.5	0.5	0.5	1.5
Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)	72	1.269	155.2	158.7	-	6.3	0.7	1.0	2.3
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.634	270.3	265.6	37.3	-4.6	1.1	-1.6	-1.7
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.873	143.4	150.6	42.6	1.7	0.4	1.9	5.0
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	25.319	100.0	100.1	2.1	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.200	119.4	119.6	3.5	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	10.119	79.3	79.3	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.0
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	11.457	141.3	141.9	2.8	0.6	0.2	0.0	0.4
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	7.418	118.9	119.5	2.8	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.5
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.441	111.5	111.6	1.4	0.4	-0.1	-0.1	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.186	119.9	119.9	5.4	0.2	1.1	0.1	0.0
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;	94	0.656	139.2	139.2	3.9	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.385	94.0	94.0	8.0	0.0	3.4	0.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: October 2020 to October 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	138.4	140.4	11.8	-0.4	-1.2	-0.1	1.4
Nonmanufacturing	10.879	238.3	260.0	85.7	3.6	-2.9	4.1	9.1
Manufacturing	88.264	129.9	130.6	5.6	-0.8	-1.0	-0.6	0.5
Canada	100.000	165.6	173.4	30.1	-1.4	-3.3	-0.4	4.7
Nonmanufacturing	29.109	235.7	258.2	89.6	3.5	-3.2	4.2	9.5
Manufacturing	69.594	149.7	153.9	13.0	-3.2	-3.4	-2.2	2.8
European Union	100.000	146.7	146.4	5.2	0.8	0.1	0.1	-0.2
Manufacturing	98.829	142.5	142.0	4.9	0.7	0.1	0.1	-0.4
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	136.3	136.8	5.7	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.4
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	118.3	118.3	3.4	0.5	0.3	-0.1	0.0
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	129.7	129.6	6.4	-0.7	0.7	-0.5	-0.1
Latin America(3)	100.000	158.6	160.9	11.7	0.6	0.4	0.5	1.5
Nonmanufacturing	14.278	294.7	309.2	44.6	1.7	-0.1	3.2	4.9
Manufacturing	85.459	128.7	129.8	7.5	0.5	0.4	0.1	0.9
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	134.8	135.7	5.9	0.2	0.7	0.8	0.7
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	8.535	157.8	160.5	31.1	0.6	3.3	5.7	1.7
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	91.227	92.1	92.6	4.0	0.2	0.5	0.3	0.5
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	101.7	102.1	4.3	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.4
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	102.1	102.3	4.2	0.7	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japan	100.000	98.9	98.9	2.0	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.0
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	104.5	105.0	7.4	0.9	0.5	0.4	0.5
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	93.4	94.0	9.0	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.6
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	100.8	101.4	3.7	0.4	0.4	0.2	0.6
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	204.3	213.4	42.5	1.2	-0.1	3.4	4.5
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: October 2020 to October 2021 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	113.2	114.6	11.3	0.5	-0.1	1.0	1.2
Nonmanufacturing	12.306	131.3	141.1	55.7	2.5	-1.7	2.4	7.5
Manufacturing	86.150	111.1	111.7	6.9	0.3	0.2	0.8	0.5
Canada	100.000	117.9	119.5	15.1	1.5	-0.1	1.1	1.4
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	9.956	136.1	147.2	-	3.5	-1.4	2.7	8.2
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	88.998	109.7	110.4	-	1.3	0.1	0.9	0.6
European Union	100.000	111.6	113.4	10.0	-0.2	-0.2	0.3	1.6
Nonmanufacturing	14.464	129.0	137.9	70.7	2.3	-2.3	3.5	6.9
Manufacturing	84.096	108.2	109.1	3.7	-0.6	0.1	-0.1	0.8
Germany	100.000	107.3	107.3	-0.2	-2.8	0.5	0.0	0.0
Latin America(3)	100.000	120.2	123.4	28.5	0.7	0.3	-0.2	2.7
Nonmanufacturing	10.879	173.5	187.0	80.7	6.8	3.2	1.2	7.8
Manufacturing	88.636	115.8	118.2	23.9	-0.1	0.0	-0.4	2.1
Mexico	100.000	121.9	124.5	28.1	0.2	0.5	-0.4	2.1
Nonmanufacturing	9.349	168.2	187.6	95.2	5.5	5.9	1.9	11.5
Manufacturing	90.307	118.8	120.1	23.6	-0.3	-0.1	-0.6	1.1
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	112.6	113.8	15.2	2.0	-0.2	0.3	1.1
Nonmanufacturing	18.442	126.6	131.3	53.7	6.7	-2.2	0.2	3.7
Manufacturing	78.582	108.7	109.3	7.8	1.1	0.2	0.4	0.6
China	100.000	109.7	110.5	13.6	0.5	0.5	-0.4	0.7
Nonmanufacturing	14.844	111.6	113.2	41.5	-6.3	-1.7	-2.0	1.4
Manufacturing	82.724	110.1	110.7	8.5	1.7	0.7	0.0	0.5
Japan	100.000	112.8	113.9	13.8	0.0	-0.2	0.8	1.0
Nonmanufacturing	23.192	126.6	133.4	56.6	-0.4	-3.9	-0.3	5.4
Manufacturing	74.857	107.6	107.7	4.9	0.5	1.2	1.3	0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: October 2020 to October 2021(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
			Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.1	99.9	-0.5	0.9	1.1	1.0	-0.2
Canada	93.6	90.6	-11.4	3.0	3.3	1.6	-3.2
European Union	102.4	104.3	4.6	-1.0	-0.3	0.2	1.9
Germany	104.4	104.4	-3.5	-3.3	0.2	0.1	0.0
Latin America(3)	112.8	114.2	15.0	0.1	-0.1	-0.8	1.2
Mexico	116.7	118.4	21.1	-0.1	-0.2	-1.2	1.5
Pacific Rim(4)	108.9	109.7	10.5	1.5	-0.5	-0.2	0.7
China	107.6	108.1	9.0	-0.2	0.3	-0.6	0.5
Japan	108.9	110.0	11.6	-0.3	-0.3	0.7	1.0
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: October 2020 to October 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Sep. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Sep. 2021	Oct. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Oct. 2020 to Oct. 2021	Jun. 2021 to Jul. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	343.7	350.4	27.6	-5.6	0.1	4.8	1.9
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.894	251.6	255.8	6.7	-0.6	-1.3	1.2	1.7
Asia	75.106	358.7	365.9	35.2	-7.9	0.6	6.1	2.0
Export Air Freight	100.000	172.0	174.5	13.5	-0.8	1.1	0.8	1.5
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	29.025	148.5	150.0	13.8	-0.1	-0.4	1.7	1.0
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	48.768	127.2	129.7	14.4	0.6	2.9	0.0	2.0
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	257.8	264.3	22.9	-5.9	-0.4	4.0	2.5
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	23.301	175.2	177.6	4.3	-0.5	-1.1	1.0	1.4
Asia	70.593	268.6	277.1	30.9	-8.5	-0.1	5.4	3.2
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	150.2	152.2	10.8	3.9	4.3	-2.4	1.3
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	32.552	167.7	168.4	15.8	0.3	-0.1	2.0	0.4
Asia	45.325	136.9	140.3	6.4	7.7	9.9	-6.8	2.5
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	168.2	165.9	9.3	0.9	-6.0	4.7	-1.4
Europe	42.912	177.2	180.8	20.4	3.8	-7.0	12.5	2.0
Asia	27.243	162.2	158.4	-8.4	-4.5	-10.9	-7.7	-2.3
Latin America/Caribbean	6.043	113.5	114.5	-3.5	4.9	-11.1	-9.0	0.9
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	170.1	166.2	12.4	8.2	1.6	-8.8	-2.3
Europe	28.635	203.0	201.5	26.1	11.0	-6.5	0.4	-0.7
Asia	30.583	188.5	182.1	22.5	11.1	12.6	-16.1	-3.4
Latin America/Caribbean	21.028	146.2	144.0	-7.0	6.3	-4.8	-9.2	-1.5
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
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Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
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