U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until				    USDL-22-2177
8:30 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, November 16, 2022

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                        U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - OCTOBER 2022

Prices for U.S. imports declined 0.2 percent in October, after falling 1.1 percent the previous month, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to the October 
drop in U.S. import prices. U.S. export prices decreased 0.3 percent in October following a 1.5-percent 
decline in September.

Imports 

U.S. import prices fell 0.2 percent in October and have not recorded a monthly increase since the index rose 
0.2 percent in June 2022. Despite the recent declines, prices for U.S. imports increased 4.2 percent from 
October 2021 to October 2022. The 12-month rise in October was the smallest over-the-year advance since 
the index increased 3.0 percent for the 12 months ended February 2021. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices declined 1.3 percent in October, after decreasing 20.8 percent over the 
previous 3 months. Prices for import fuel last increased on a monthly basis in June 2022. Lower prices for 
petroleum and natural gas in October contributed to the drop in import fuel prices. Despite the recent 
decreases, the price index for import fuel rose 16.9 percent over the past year. Import petroleum prices fell 
1.2 percent in October and prices for import natural gas declined 4.3 percent for the same period. Petroleum 
prices advanced 16.8 percent over the past 12 months; the smallest over-the-year increase since February 
2021. Natural gas prices also advanced for the year ended in October, increasing 20.8 percent, the smallest 
12-month rise since January 2021.     

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports edged down 0.1 percent in October 
following a 0.3-percent drop in September. Prices for nonfuel imports last advanced on a monthly basis in 
April 2022. Lower prices for consumer goods; foods, feeds, and beverages; and nonfuel industrial supplies 
and materials in October, more than offset higher prices for automotive vehicles and capital goods. Despite 
the recent declines, nonfuel import prices increased 2.9 percent over the past year led by higher prices for 
nonfuel industrial supplies and materials.   

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices declined 0.8 percent in October, after 
increasing 0.4 percent in September. Lower fruit, fish and shellfish, and meat prices in October more than 
offset higher prices for bakery and confectionery products. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials edged down 
0.1 percent in October following a 1.4-percent drop the previous month. Lower October prices for selected 
building materials more than offset higher unfinished metal prices.     

Finished Goods: Prices were mixed for the major finished goods categories in October. Automotive 
vehicles prices advanced 0.6 percent, the largest 1-month advance since the index increased 0.6 percent in 
January 2022. The October rise was primarily driven by a 1.0-percent advance in passenger car prices. 
Capital goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent, after edging down 0.1 percent in September. The price index for 
consumer goods declined 0.4 percent in October following a 0.1-percent drop the previous month.  

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2021
October	1.5	11.1	0.5	1.9	1.1	2.0
November	0.7	2.5	0.6	0.7	1.1	0.6
December	-0.4	-7.7	0.5	-1.6	0.7	-1.9
2022
January	2.0	7.3	1.4	2.8	3.0	2.8
February	1.8	10.6	0.8	3.2	2.9	3.3
March	2.9	17.8	1.2	3.9	4.5	3.8
April	0.5	0.8	0.4	1.0	1.2	1.1
May	0.5	6.1	-0.3	2.7	2.4	2.7
June	0.2	5.6	-0.6	1.1	0.0	1.2
July	-1.4	(r)-6.9	-0.5	-3.7	-3.2	-3.8
August	(r)-1.2	(r)-8.4	-0.2	(r)-1.4	(r)-0.6	(r)-1.4
September	(r)-1.1	(r)-7.0	(r)-0.3	(r)-1.5	(r)-0.7	(r)-1.6
October	-0.2	-1.3	-0.1	-0.3	-1.0	-0.3
Oct. 2020 to 2021	11.0	90.6	5.6	18.3	24.7	17.6
Oct. 2021 to 2022	4.2	16.9	2.9	6.9	10.4	6.4
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports fell 0.3 percent in October following a 6.4-percent drop for the third quarter of 2022. 
U.S. export prices last recorded a monthly advance in June 2022. Lower prices for agricultural exports and 
nonagricultural exports in October each contributed to the overall decline. Despite the recent decreases, U.S. 
export prices advanced 6.9 percent for the year ended in October. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices declined 1.0 percent in October and have not increased on 
a 1-month basis since May 2022. The October decline in agricultural prices was led by a 6.6-percent drop in 
soybean prices which more than offset higher prices for wheat, fruit, and vegetables. Prices for agricultural 
exports rose 10.4 percent from October 2021 to October 2022 and have not fallen on a 12-month basis since 
the index fell 2.9 percent in August 2020.   

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports declined 0.3 percent in 
October following a 1.6-percent decrease the previous month. Lower prices for nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials, automotive vehicles, and nonagricultural foods more than offset higher prices for 
capital goods and consumer goods. Prices for nonagricultural exports rose 6.4 percent for the year ended in 
October, the smallest 12-month increase since the index advanced 4.3 percent in February 2021.     

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials fell 0.6 percent in October, after decreasing 3.3 percent in September. Lower prices for chemicals, 
paper, and nonferrous metals in October more than offset higher fuel prices.

Finished Goods: Prices were mixed for the major finished goods categories in October. Capital goods prices 
increased 0.2 percent for the second consecutive month in October and have not recorded a monthly decline 
since November 2020. The price index for consumer goods rose 0.2 percent in October following a 0.3-
percent decrease the previous month. The October advance in consumer goods prices was driven by higher 
prices for toys, shooting, and sporting goods. In contrast, prices for automotive vehicles exports declined 0.2 
percent in October, the first monthly decrease since May 2021.    

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.


Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: The price index for imports from China rose 0.5 percent in October 
following no change the previous month. The October advance was the first monthly increase since April 
2022 and the largest 1-month rise since March 2022. Import prices from China advanced 2.0 percent for the 
year ended in October. Prices for imports from Japan increased 1.0 percent in October, the largest monthly 
rise since the index advanced 1.2 percent in November 1998. The price index for imports from Japan rose 
2.3 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month increase since September 2021. In contrast, import 
prices from Canada decreased 1.2 percent in October, after declining 12.2 percent for the third quarter of 
2022. Despite the recent drops, prices for imports from Canada rose 8.2 percent over the past 12 months. 
The price index for imports from Mexico fell 0.2 percent in October and import prices from the European 
Union edged down 0.1 percent over the same period. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China fell for the fourth consecutive month in 
October, decreasing 1.1 percent following a 2.4-percent drop in September. Export prices to China increased 
3.3 percent for the year ended in October, the smallest 12-month advance since November 2020. The price 
index for exports to Japan declined 0.2 percent in October, after falling 2.1 percent the previous month. 
Prices for exports to Japan have not recorded a 1-month rise since May 2022. Despite the recent decreases, 
export prices to Japan rose 5.8 percent over the past year. The price index for exports to Mexico also fell in 
October, declining 1.1 percent. In contrast, prices for exports to Canada and the European Union advanced 
in October, increasing 0.6 percent and 0.5 percent, respectively. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China declined 
1.6 percent in October, after decreasing 2.4 percent in September. Lower export prices to China in October 
and higher import prices from China each contributed to the decline in U.S. terms of trade with China. 
Despite the decline, the index for U.S. terms of trade with China rose 1.2 percent over the past year. U.S. 
terms of trade with Japan fell 1.2 percent in October. U.S. terms of trade with Mexico also declined in 
October, decreasing 0.9 percent. In contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada and the European Union rose 
in October, advancing 1.9 percent and 0.7 percent, respectively. (See table 9.)


Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 4.4 percent in October following a 4.7-percent advance the 
previous month. Higher Latin American/Caribbean and European fares in October more than offset lower 
Asian fares. The index for import air passenger fares increased 13.4 percent over the past year, the largest 
12-month advance since the index rose 14.2 percent in April 2022. Import air freight prices declined 11.6 
percent in October, after decreasing 1.2 percent in September. The October drop was driven by a 14.0-
percent decline in air freight prices from Asia. Prices for import air freight fell 20.6 percent for the year 
ended in October, the largest over-the-year decrease since the 12-month percent change series was first 
published in September 1991. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares fell 1.6 percent in October following a 3.7-percent drop in September 
and a 2.4-percent decline in August. Lower Asian and European fares in October more than offset higher 
Latin American/Caribbean fares. Export air passenger fares increased 14.6 percent over the past 12 months. 
Export air freight prices decreased 4.6 percent in October, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 6.7 
percent in October 2020. Despite the decline, export air freight prices increased 11.7 percent over the past 
year.   

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for November 2022 are scheduled for release on 
Wednesday, December 14, 2022, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2021 to October 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
All commodities		100.000	143.0	142.7	4.2	-1.4	-1.2	-1.1	-0.2
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		81.964	108.8	108.7	2.8	-0.5	-0.1	-0.4	-0.1
All imports excluding petroleum		89.695	124.5	124.3	3.0	-0.6	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		88.829	127.9	127.8	2.9	-0.5	-0.2	-0.3	-0.1
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	6.864	206.1	204.4	2.2	-0.8	-1.5	0.4	-0.8
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	5.485	224.8	223.2	3.4	-0.3	-1.6	0.3	-0.7
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.380	163.2	161.4	-2.3	-2.5	-1.2	0.8	-1.1
Industrial supplies & materials	1	29.631	270.9	269.4	9.2	-4.4	-3.7	-3.6	-0.6
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		19.279	217.5	216.8	6.5	-3.4	-0.2	-1.6	-0.3
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		18.183	238.7	238.4	5.9	-2.6	-0.4	-1.4	-0.1
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		12.152	227.3	226.6	3.2	-4.1	-0.2	-1.7	-0.3
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		7.175	206.5	206.0	12.2	-2.4	-0.3	-1.5	-0.2
Fuels & lubricants	10	11.171	341.8	337.3	16.9	-6.9	-8.4	-7.0	-1.3
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	10.305	360.9	356.6	16.8	-6.2	-9.2	-7.2	-1.2
Crude petroleum	10000	6.741	353.3	348.9	9.1	-9.8	-10.2	-7.9	-1.2
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.743	294.9	285.3	19.1	-17.7	2.8	-7.1	-3.3
Natural gas	10110	0.614	288.2	275.9	20.8	-20.4	3.5	-8.4	-4.3
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.577	151.7	153.7	20.2	6.4	1.8	2.3	1.3
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	5.731	217.3	217.4	10.6	-0.2	-1.0	-1.0	0.0
Selected building materials	13	1.899	204.2	198.5	9.2	-2.4	-1.8	-2.4	-2.8
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	5.160	341.3	343.5	-0.8	-7.0	-0.6	-3.1	0.6
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	3.333	214.5	214.6	5.4	-2.3	1.6	0.5	0.0
Nonmetals related to durable goods	16	1.760	128.5	127.0	4.7	0.3	-0.2	-0.5	-1.2
Capital goods	2	25.773	92.8	92.9	3.0	0.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.1
Electric generating equipment	20	3.242	129.1	128.4	4.6	0.3	0.2	-0.3	-0.5
Nonelectrical machinery	21	20.903	84.0	84.2	2.6	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	1.628	144.9	144.7	4.4	0.3	0.2	0.4	-0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	12.527	116.5	117.2	3.2	0.5	-0.3	0.1	0.6
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	25.204	110.2	109.8	1.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1	-0.4
Nondurables, manufactured	40	12.767	125.0	124.3	-0.2	-0.2	0.2	0.1	-0.6
Durables, manufactured	41	11.713	95.6	95.4	1.9	0.5	0.1	-0.3	-0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	0.724	130.1	129.8	7.5	-0.3	-0.7	-0.6	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2021 to October 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
All commodities		100.000	156.0	155.5	6.9	-3.7	-1.4	-1.5	-0.3
Agricultural commodities		12.336	253.4	250.9	10.4	-3.2	-0.6	-0.7	-1.0
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		67.859	114.3	113.4	2.3	-0.2	-0.5	-0.7	-0.8
All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)		79.095	99.1	98.6	-	-0.2	-0.2	-0.5	-0.5
Nonagricultural commodities		87.664	148.6	148.2	6.4	-3.8	-1.4	-1.6	-0.3
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	11.236	255.5	254.0	9.9	-3.1	-0.6	-0.6	-0.6
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	10.794	257.1	255.5	10.5	-3.2	-0.6	-0.7	-0.6
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.442	225.7	225.1	-4.1	-1.2	-0.1	1.3	-0.3
Industrial supplies & materials	1	43.132	226.9	225.4	8.9	-7.6	-2.9	-3.3	-0.7
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		10.088	212.4	210.6	-0.2	-4.3	0.0	-0.8	-0.8
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		33.043	228.2	226.8	11.9	-8.5	-3.8	-4.0	-0.6
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.516	239.1	230.8	10.2	-3.3	-0.4	-1.4	-3.5
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		41.616	226.7	225.3	8.9	-7.8	-3.1	-3.3	-0.6
Fuels & lubricants	11	20.905	303.0	307.2	21.0	-13.2	-4.3	-4.5	1.4
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	19.842	201.5	196.3	-2.0	-1.4	-1.7	-2.0	-2.6
Selected building materials	13	0.869	159.7	155.4	-0.7	0.6	-3.6	-3.6	-2.7
Capital goods	2	28.092	119.2	119.4	4.0	0.5	0.0	0.2	0.2
Electrical generating equipment	20	3.138	133.2	133.9	5.7	1.1	0.1	0.2	0.5
Nonelectrical machinery	21	20.383	100.9	101.0	3.9	0.4	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	4.571	197.8	198.2	3.4	0.7	0.2	0.2	0.2
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	7.446	121.9	121.7	4.6	0.7	0.2	0.1	-0.2
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	10.094	116.4	116.6	3.8	0.1	0.2	-0.3	0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	5.266	108.9	108.8	-0.7	-0.6	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Durables, manufactured	41	3.905	115.5	116.2	6.3	1.0	0.1	0.3	0.6
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	0.922	124.6	124.5	21.7	-0.2	2.7	-3.8	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: October 2021 to October 2022 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Nonmanufacturing		9.870	164.5	161.1	7.0	-8.4	-7.8	-6.1	-2.1
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.176	208.1	200.3	-0.1	0.4	-3.5	0.6	-3.7
Crop production	111	1.775	218.5	210.4	-0.3	0.5	-4.2	0.5	-3.7
Mining	21	7.694	167.0	164.4	9.5	-10.3	-8.9	-7.8	-1.6
Oil and gas extraction	211	7.435	166.8	164.3	10.0	-10.5	-9.1	-7.9	-1.5
Manufacturing		89.803	124.0	124.0	4.1	-0.3	-0.5	-0.5	0.0
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.136	137.9	138.5	3.5	-0.5	-0.1	0.2	0.4
Food manufacturing	311	4.134	185.4	187.3	5.0	-1.4	-0.8	0.3	1.0
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.081	134.5	134.4	1.2	0.1	-0.1	0.1	-0.1
Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)	313	0.403	125.9	125.6	14.9	0.1	0.2	-0.8	-0.2
Textile product mills	314	1.442	109.5	109.4	-1.4	-0.3	-0.7	0.3	-0.1
Apparel manufacturing	315	2.916	118.9	119.5	4.9	0.2	1.2	0.2	0.5
Leather and allied product manufacturing	316	1.160	128.1	127.6	-0.1	0.3	0.0	0.2	-0.4
Manufacturing, part 2	32	21.196	154.3	153.0	7.9	0.3	-1.9	-1.4	-0.8
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)	321	1.127	163.2	156.0	8.2	-3.6	-3.4	-4.4	-4.4
Paper manufacturing	322	1.036	129.6	130.1	9.2	3.2	0.9	1.4	0.4
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	3.285	175.7	174.0	39.6	1.6	-6.8	-4.7	-1.0
Chemical manufacturing	325	12.148	158.8	157.6	2.7	0.1	-1.1	-0.8	-0.8
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.505	133.8	133.8	4.4	0.5	-0.1	0.3	0.0
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.926	141.6	140.6	3.5	0.4	-0.1	-0.4	-0.7
Manufacturing, part 3	33	57.470	112.3	112.6	2.9	-0.5	0.0	-0.4	0.3
Primary metal manufacturing	331	6.837	230.1	233.4	3.4	-6.3	0.6	-1.8	1.4
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.187	151.2	149.4	4.3	0.9	-0.3	-0.6	-1.2
Machinery manufacturing	333	6.803	127.9	127.5	3.2	0.7	0.2	-0.1	-0.3
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	15.688	73.7	74.0	1.1	-0.1	-0.1	-0.1	0.4
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	5.320	127.1	127.0	4.8	0.2	0.1	-0.2	-0.1
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	12.965	115.2	115.9	2.9	0.4	-0.2	0.1	0.6
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.837	129.4	128.8	6.9	1.8	0.8	0.0	-0.5
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.833	126.4	125.6	4.3	0.6	-0.3	-0.6	-0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: October 2021 to October 2022 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Nonmanufacturing		19.528	218.4	212.1	9.8	-11.7	0.7	-4.9	-2.9
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	6.690	225.8	220.8	11.3	-5.7	-1.0	-1.7	-2.2
Crop production	111	6.373	240.9	235.5	13.1	-6.0	-0.9	-1.7	-2.2
Mining	21	12.838	141.7	137.1	8.9	-14.5	1.6	-6.5	-3.2
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)	211	11.591	129.0	124.2	-	-15.1	3.2	-7.1	-3.7
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.247	143.5	144.6	11.1	-8.4	-12.0	-1.2	0.8
Manufacturing		78.828	136.6	137.2	6.8	-1.3	-1.9	-0.7	0.4
Manufacturing, part 1	31	7.053	177.9	178.5	8.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.3	0.3
Food manufacturing	311	5.374	211.0	212.0	8.9	0.2	0.0	-0.1	0.5
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.528	142.1	142.8	7.3	-0.6	-1.0	-1.9	0.5
Manufacturing, part 2	32	26.713	147.6	149.4	10.3	-3.8	-5.4	-1.7	1.2
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.458	126.8	122.7	-9.8	-1.3	-5.0	-5.4	-3.2
Paper manufacturing	322	1.636	155.5	155.9	13.7	2.5	1.6	-0.7	0.3
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	8.070	180.2	195.4	40.8	-12.5	-12.7	-1.4	8.4
Chemical manufacturing	325	13.704	139.7	136.4	-1.8	1.2	-2.5	-2.2	-2.4
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	1.996	130.2	130.2	4.1	0.3	0.4	-1.0	0.0
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.700	134.6	130.7	5.7	0.4	-0.4	-0.3	-2.9
Manufacturing, part 3	33	45.061	127.1	127.1	4.5	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.106	212.0	210.2	0.4	-4.2	0.3	-1.2	-0.8
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.494	172.0	171.9	8.1	1.0	0.1	0.1	-0.1
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.054	143.7	144.4	6.7	0.9	0.3	0.2	0.5
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	11.772	85.1	84.9	2.3	0.1	-0.1	0.2	-0.2
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	3.170	131.1	131.7	7.2	1.0	0.0	0.1	0.5
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	11.044	138.8	138.8	4.0	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.108	133.4	134.0	8.6	0.7	0.8	-0.7	0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2021 to October 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Live animals; animal products	I	1.514	233.9	231.0	-1.1	-1.5	-1.3	1.2	-1.2
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.445	332.6	324.0	-10.1	-0.1	-2.2	-0.7	-2.6
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.761	159.6	158.2	-0.8	-3.1	-1.9	1.7	-0.9
Vegetable products	II	2.206	245.2	238.7	3.9	-0.2	-3.0	0.9	-2.7
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.501	501.2	487.0	15.0	4.8	2.1	11.8	-2.8
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.718	109.3	104.9	-11.8	-0.8	-8.2	-6.2	-4.0
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.452	322.6	316.1	16.3	-1.8	1.5	0.7	-2.0
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.428	150.6	153.0	2.1	-6.0	0.3	-0.4	1.6
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.200	187.3	189.2	5.6	0.1	-0.2	0.2	1.0
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)	17	0.214	106.3	108.1	-	2.3	-0.1	-1.0	1.7
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.199	102.5	102.2	2.3	0.7	-0.2	0.3	-0.3
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.055	147.5	147.3	0.9	-0.1	-0.1	0.0	-0.1
Mineral products	V	11.144	349.2	344.1	17.0	-7.4	-8.0	-6.7	-1.5
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	10.782	343.7	339.3	17.8	-7.5	-8.2	-6.8	-1.3
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.291	177.1	175.6	2.8	0.3	-1.0	-0.7	-0.8
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.763	543.7	548.7	29.3	-1.9	-1.8	1.3	0.9
Organic chemicals	29	2.576	146.3	145.5	0.8	1.7	-3.5	-3.2	-0.5
Pharmaceutical products	30	5.203	148.0	145.9	-3.3	-0.3	-0.1	-0.1	-1.4
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.826	119.2	119.7	4.5	0.8	-0.2	0.4	0.4
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.771	160.5	160.0	1.7	0.4	-0.8	-0.7	-0.3
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.608	163.0	162.6	0.1	0.3	-0.7	-1.3	-0.2
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.163	158.8	158.0	5.5	0.4	-0.9	0.6	-0.5
Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials	42	0.418	143.5	142.1	3.0	0.2	0.1	0.6	-1.0
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork	IX	1.195	246.9	236.4	11.5	-3.9	-3.5	-3.9	-4.3
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)	44	1.173	172.9	165.3	12.1	-4.0	-3.6	-3.9	-4.4
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.019	137.0	137.4	10.4	3.1	0.5	1.5	0.3
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.667	124.2	124.9	12.4	1.5	0.2	1.3	0.6
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.608	120.8	121.2	3.8	0.0	0.4	0.2	0.3
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.273	126.2	127.2	3.5	0.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.8
Made-up or worn textile articles	63	1.180	102.9	102.8	-2.6	-0.3	-1.1	0.4	-0.1
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.010	126.8	126.9	-0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	0.810	123.9	123.9	-0.9	0.3	0.0	0.2	0.0
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.793	134.2	134.2	1.9	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	0.0
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.295	101.8	102.4	3.7	0.0	0.3	-0.5	0.6
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)	70	0.273	101.5	101.4	-	-0.3	-0.1	0.1	-0.1
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.449	226.8	230.3	4.2	-3.5	2.2	-2.2	1.5
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.945	238.1	236.4	4.5	-3.9	-1.6	-1.0	-0.7
Iron and steel	72	1.183	331.3	335.0	11.6	-2.6	-3.5	0.5	1.1
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.863	205.7	203.6	8.8	0.1	0.0	-0.7	-1.0
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.435	349.4	346.7	-13.6	-17.2	1.3	-0.2	-0.8
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.059	190.5	186.0	-2.1	-4.6	-2.3	-3.0	-2.4
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.412	129.6	129.7	2.7	-0.2	-0.2	-0.2	0.1
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.531	152.7	150.9	4.5	0.7	-0.1	-0.2	-1.2
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	27.966	82.5	82.7	2.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.2	0.2
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	14.410	89.2	89.4	2.5	0.3	-0.1	-0.1	0.2
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	13.556	76.2	76.4	1.6	-0.1	-0.1	-0.3	0.3
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	10.952	119.9	120.8	3.2	0.4	-0.1	0.1	0.8
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	10.168	119.2	120.1	3.2	0.4	-0.1	0.1	0.8
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	0.694	104.0	104.0	3.8	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.0
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	3.749	105.4	105.3	2.8	0.1	-0.1	0.1	-0.1
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.540	101.4	101.4	3.0	0.0	-0.1	0.1	0.0
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.231	119.9	119.6	4.7	1.1	0.4	0.0	-0.3
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.568	128.1	127.7	5.0	1.4	0.6	-0.1	-0.3
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.405	106.6	106.3	4.0	0.8	-0.1	0.2	-0.3
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.258	136.1	136.1	4.9	0.0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2021 to October 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Live animals; animal products	I	2.264	280.9	279.8	1.0	-0.5	-1.6	-1.2	-0.4
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.447	224.6	223.2	-2.6	-1.1	-1.9	-1.2	-0.6
Vegetable products	II	6.242	294.5	289.8	13.8	-5.1	-0.8	-2.3	-1.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.839	130.2	130.9	-11.0	-3.3	-3.4	-5.0	0.5
Cereals	10	1.914	334.0	347.1	21.0	-7.3	-3.8	0.1	3.9
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	2.865	322.4	303.0	16.7	-6.0	1.3	-2.4	-6.0
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.980	185.0	187.0	9.4	0.6	0.2	1.3	1.1
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.573	107.4	109.4	5.7	-1.2	1.7	-0.4	1.9
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)	22	0.453	108.3	107.9	-2.2	-0.4	-0.1	0.0	-0.4
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.944	337.2	341.9	19.3	0.6	-1.4	4.6	1.4
Mineral products	V	20.875	364.2	368.7	20.6	-13.7	-4.1	-4.5	1.2
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.503	126.3	120.2	-11.3	-15.9	3.3	-1.3	-4.8
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	20.197	352.6	357.4	21.4	-13.7	-4.3	-4.7	1.4
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.452	165.5	165.3	6.0	2.2	-1.2	-1.4	-0.1
Organic chemicals	29	2.738	196.4	196.0	6.3	2.0	-4.0	-4.8	-0.2
Pharmaceutical products	30	3.032	106.0	105.7	-2.4	-0.9	-0.2	0.3	-0.3
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.781	141.0	141.3	3.6	0.9	-0.2	0.1	0.2
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes	34	0.430	135.4	135.4	6.9	3.4	-0.3	-0.4	0.0
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.100	183.5	184.8	0.3	0.6	-0.3	-2.0	0.7
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	4.852	166.3	157.6	-10.9	-2.3	-2.0	-1.9	-5.2
Plastics and articles thereof	39	4.142	165.2	155.1	-12.9	-2.8	-2.1	-2.3	-6.1
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.710	167.4	166.9	1.5	0.7	-0.8	0.3	-0.3
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.546	121.8	117.4	-9.8	-1.1	-6.1	-6.2	-3.6
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.869	158.2	149.3	1.6	0.3	1.5	-0.7	-5.6
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.714	187.2	161.2	-9.1	-2.4	4.2	-2.1	-13.9
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.953	148.6	147.9	10.5	2.3	-0.1	0.5	-0.5
Textile and textile articles	XI	1.695	153.8	148.5	9.4	-2.4	0.0	-0.6	-3.4
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.760	197.9	182.5	16.8	-5.9	0.1	-0.8	-7.8
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.673	147.5	146.0	10.4	0.3	-0.1	0.1	-1.0
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.400	111.2	113.1	14.5	0.5	-0.1	0.1	1.7
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.758	313.6	313.9	2.7	-4.4	1.9	-2.4	0.1
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.423	210.6	208.4	1.7	-4.7	-0.6	1.2	-1.0
Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)	72	1.230	164.5	160.5	1.3	-10.5	0.8	4.7	-2.4
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.494	242.6	242.9	-9.8	-16.8	-0.1	0.4	0.1
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.760	145.2	143.8	-4.5	-1.6	-4.1	-0.4	-1.0
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	23.311	104.9	105.0	4.6	0.5	0.0	0.3	0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	13.478	125.7	125.9	5.2	0.7	-0.4	0.3	0.2
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	9.833	82.7	82.8	3.9	0.1	0.5	0.2	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	8.157	147.9	148.0	4.1	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	6.124	124.3	124.2	3.8	0.6	0.1	0.1	-0.1
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.073	114.4	114.3	2.4	0.5	-0.2	0.0	-0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.101	132.8	134.5	12.1	2.2	-0.1	0.8	1.3
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi	94	0.574	150.5	150.5	8.0	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.379	109.3	113.4	20.6	6.4	-0.2	2.2	3.8
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: October 2021 to October 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
		Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
				Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	149.0	148.6	5.2	-2.5	-1.6	-1.5	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing	13.014	289.5	283.5	6.4	-10.7	-9.2	-7.1	-2.1
Manufacturing	86.140	137.7	138.0	5.3	-0.7	-0.3	-0.7	0.2
Canada	100.000	192.1	189.7	8.2	-5.4	-4.3	-3.0	-1.2
Nonmanufacturing	33.899	287.9	282.2	6.6	-11.1	-9.5	-7.2	-2.0
Manufacturing	64.979	169.7	168.6	9.0	-1.3	-1.2	-0.9	-0.6
European Union	100.000	152.9	152.7	4.3	-0.3	-0.6	-0.6	-0.1
Manufacturing	98.863	148.5	148.2	4.4	-0.1	-0.5	-0.5	-0.2
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	142.6	143.0	4.4	-1.7	-0.4	0.2	0.3
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	123.9	124.2	4.9	1.1	-0.4	-0.4	0.2
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	134.8	134.6	3.9	-0.9	-0.9	-1.2	-0.1
Latin America(3)	100.000	170.3	170.2	5.3	-1.4	-1.5	-0.6	-0.1
Nonmanufacturing	17.078	348.5	340.3	7.9	-6.0	-6.4	-1.8	-2.4
Manufacturing	82.645	135.7	136.3	4.8	-0.4	-0.4	-0.3	0.4
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	141.8	141.5	4.0	-0.6	-1.8	0.1	-0.2
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	10.517	171.5	164.6	1.2	-6.0	-14.9	2.9	-4.0
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	89.210	96.4	96.6	4.1	0.2	0.0	-0.2	0.2
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	104.3	104.5	2.3	-0.5	-0.3	-0.3	0.2
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	104.1	104.6	2.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.0	0.5
Japan	100.000	100.2	101.2	2.3	-0.2	0.0	0.1	1.0
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	111.2	110.9	4.7	0.2	-0.4	-0.6	-0.3
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	98.2	98.5	4.7	-1.1	-0.8	-1.2	0.3
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	103.5	103.5	2.3	-1.4	-0.6	-0.6	0.0
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	241.6	241.5	11.8	-4.3	-4.5	-3.0	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: October 2021 to October 2022 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
		Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
				Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	121.9	122.0	6.3	-2.4	-1.0	-1.0	0.1
Nonmanufacturing	16.292	162.1	157.1	10.9	-10.9	-2.4	-3.3	-3.1
Manufacturing	82.157	117.2	117.9	5.5	-0.4	-0.7	-0.4	0.6
Canada	100.000	128.1	128.9	7.6	-2.2	-0.2	-1.5	0.6
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	12.496	168.1	159.3	7.9	-13.1	2.3	-3.8	-5.2
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	86.175	117.5	119.2	7.7	-0.3	-0.5	-1.1	1.4
European Union	100.000	119.2	119.8	5.6	-2.4	-1.5	-1.4	0.5
Nonmanufacturing	19.306	149.6	150.6	8.8	-9.5	-5.0	-5.8	0.7
Manufacturing	79.169	114.0	114.5	4.9	-0.1	-0.7	-0.1	0.4
Germany	100.000	113.5	113.7	5.9	0.1	-0.3	-0.7	0.2
Latin America(3)	100.000	137.2	137.0	10.9	-6.5	-2.7	-0.9	-0.1
Nonmanufacturing	14.396	238.1	205.9	13.4	-17.6	10.7	0.4	-13.5
Manufacturing	85.199	128.8	131.5	10.8	-4.6	-4.6	-0.9	2.1
Mexico	100.000	135.6	134.1	7.5	-5.4	-1.5	-0.9	-1.1
Nonmanufacturing	13.701	244.2	195.0	7.0	-21.0	17.0	4.3	-20.1
Manufacturing	85.999	127.4	129.9	7.5	-3.0	-3.9	-1.6	2.0
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	119.4	118.9	4.5	-2.5	-0.9	-1.5	-0.4
Nonmanufacturing	25.747	143.8	141.9	7.9	-7.9	-3.0	-3.9	-1.3
Manufacturing	72.372	114.2	114.0	4.4	0.1	-0.2	-0.5	-0.2
China	100.000	115.5	114.2	3.3	-4.6	-1.5	-2.4	-1.1
Nonmanufacturing	34.505	129.8	126.4	11.6	-10.1	-3.4	-5.5	-2.6
Manufacturing	64.200	112.2	111.7	0.7	-0.6	-0.4	-0.5	-0.4
Japan	100.000	120.7	120.4	5.8	-2.9	-2.2	-2.1	-0.2
Nonmanufacturing	31.487	159.5	159.1	18.9	-8.4	-3.1	-5.3	-0.3
Manufacturing	67.094	108.4	108.2	0.7	0.1	-1.8	-0.6	-0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: October 2021 to October 2022(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
			Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.1	100.5	1.1	0.1	0.7	0.4	0.4
Canada	87.6	89.3	-0.4	3.5	4.2	1.5	1.9
European Union	104.9	105.6	1.2	-2.1	-0.9	-0.9	0.7
Germany	105.4	105.4	1.0	-1.0	0.1	-0.4	0.0
Latin America(3)	120.0	119.9	5.4	-5.2	-1.1	-0.3	-0.1
Mexico	123.4	122.3	3.5	-4.8	0.2	-1.0	-0.9
Pacific Rim(4)	112.6	112.0	2.2	-2.1	-0.6	-1.2	-0.5
China	111.1	109.3	1.2	-4.5	-1.4	-2.4	-1.6
Japan	115.0	113.6	3.4	-2.7	-2.2	-2.2	-1.2
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: October 2021 to October 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Sep. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
		Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Annual	Monthly
				Oct. 2021 to Oct. 2022	Jun. 2022 to Jul. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	321.5	284.2	-20.6	-12.9	3.5	-1.2	-11.6
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.958	265.4	253.4	-1.3	-13.4	-0.6	-0.1	-4.5
Asia	74.768	320.6	275.8	-26.6	-12.8	4.9	-1.5	-14.0
Export Air Freight	100.000	204.3	194.9	11.7	-1.5	-0.4	-1.9	-4.6
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	27.320	163.0	148.0	-1.3	2.6	-6.0	-1.5	-9.2
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	49.705	158.9	159.5	23.0	-4.0	2.9	-4.3	0.4
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	234.2	213.5	-20.2	-8.3	-0.3	-2.5	-8.8
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	23.980	181.7	175.0	-1.7	-8.3	-3.8	2.0	-3.7
Asia	66.910	237.9	210.5	-25.1	-9.4	1.0	-4.2	-11.5
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	230.8	226.0	48.4	-4.7	-0.1	6.3	-2.1
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	26.372	194.6	192.6	14.3	2.8	-5.6	-1.1	-1.0
Asia	56.839	270.2	268.0	91.0	-9.2	2.6	11.4	-0.8
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	180.1	188.1	13.4	-0.2	-9.9	4.7	4.4
Europe	39.230	204.6	210.7	16.5	-3.1	-14.4	15.2	3.0
Asia	21.165	195.5	190.1	20.0	-0.3	-8.1	-1.3	-2.8
Latin America/Caribbean	12.040	139.3	154.3	34.8	5.4	-9.0	-7.1	10.8
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	193.5	190.5	14.6	8.3	-2.4	-3.7	-1.6
Europe	27.004	233.5	223.4	10.9	9.2	-11.3	5.5	-4.3
Asia	24.006	213.9	203.1	11.5	6.2	10.4	-10.1	-5.0
Latin America/Caribbean	31.764	186.1	192.3	33.5	9.8	-3.3	-6.8	3.3
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

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