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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-20-2130
8:30 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, November 17, 2020

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                              U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - OCTOBER 2020                               

U.S. import prices edged down 0.1 percent in October, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, 
after rising 0.2 percent the previous month. The October decline was driven by lower fuel prices which 
more than offset higher nonfuel prices. In contrast, prices for U.S. exports increased 0.2 percent in October 
following a 0.6-percent advance in September.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
		Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on October 2020 Import and Export Price Index Data
				
The Bureau of Labor Statistics did not make changes to either the collection method or estimation 
methodology for the October release of U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes. Survey response rates for 
October were 5.7-percentage points lower than those in October 2019. A small number of indexes that are 
normally published were not published in October. Additional information is available at 
www.bls.gov/covid19/import-export-price-indexes-covid19-impacts-october-2020.htm.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Imports 

Prices for U.S. imports fell 0.1 percent in October, the first 1-month decline for the index since a 2.6-percent 
drop in April. From April to September, import prices increased 4.3 percent. Despite the recent increases, 
prices for U.S. imports decreased 1.0 percent for the year ended in October. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 1.9 percent in October, after a 5.2-percent drop the previous 
month. Lower prices for both natural gas and petroleum contributed to the October decline. Natural gas 
prices fell 18.1 percent in October following increases of 26.3 percent in September and 12.9 percent in 
August. The October decrease was the largest drop since the index fell 22.1 percent in June 2019. The price 
index for import petroleum declined 1.0 percent in October, after decreasing 6.8 percent the previous month. 
Prices for import fuel fell 27.4 percent for the year ended in October. A 29.1-percent decline in petroleum 
prices over the past 12 months more than offset a 20.9-percent advance in natural gas prices.     
 
All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports rose 0.1 percent in October, after a 0.5-percent 
increase in September and a 0.7-percent advance in August. Nonfuel import prices have not recorded a 1-
month decline since April. The October rise was led by higher prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and 
materials and foods, feeds, and beverages which more than offset falling prices for consumer goods and 
automotive vehicles. The price index for nonfuel imports advanced 1.7 percent over the past 12 months, the 
largest over-the-year increase since the index rose 1.8 percent in May 2018.  
 
Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices advanced 0.3 
percent in October following a 2.7-percent rise the previous month. In October, the increase was driven by 
higher prices for chemicals and selected building materials. 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly down in October. Prices for consumer goods decreased 
0.2 percent, the first decline since April. The October decline was led by lower prices for coins, gems, 
jewelry, and collectibles. Automotive vehicles prices also fell in October, edging down 0.1 percent. Prices 
for capital goods were unchanged.  

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages ticked up 0.1 percent in 
October, after rising 1.1 percent in September. The October increase was led by a 1.9-percent advance in 
fish and shellfish prices which more than offset lower prices for fruit, meat, and coffee.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2019

October

-0.4 -1.6 -0.3 0.0 1.7 -0.2

November

0.2 2.2 -0.1 0.1 2.4 -0.1

December

0.2 1.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

2020

January

0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.6 2.0 0.6

February

-0.7 -9.1 0.2 -1.2 -2.9 -1.1

March

-2.4 -26.5 0.0 -1.4 -1.4 -1.4

April

-2.6 -30.9 -0.5 -3.5 -3.3 -3.5

May

0.7 13.9 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0

June

1.3 20.6 0.3 1.8 1.6 1.7

July

1.2 (r)15.2 0.2 1.0 1.6 0.9

August

(r)0.8 (r)3.6 0.7 0.5 -2.3 (r)0.9

September

(r)0.2 (r)-5.2 (r)0.5 0.6 (r)2.8 0.3

October

-0.1 -1.9 0.1 0.2 3.4 0.0

Oct. 2018 to 2019

-3.0 -12.7 -1.5 -2.2 2.0 -2.7

Oct. 2019 to 2020

-1.0 -27.4 1.7 -1.6 3.1 -2.0

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices increased 0.2 percent in October, continuing the upward trend of the 4 previous months. 
In October, the advance was driven by higher agricultural export prices; prices for nonagricultural exports 
were unchanged. Even with the recent increases, export prices declined 1.6 percent for the year ended in 
October. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports rose 3.4 percent in October, after increasing 
2.8 percent in September. The October advance was the largest rise since the index increased 3.8 percent in 
December 2018. Higher prices for vegetables, corn, soybeans, and dairy products were the largest 
contributors to the October increase in agricultural prices. Agricultural export prices advanced 3.1 percent 
over the past year, the largest 12-month increase since January.     

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports were unchanged in October, after 
rising in each of the 4 previous months. In October, lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials and capital goods offset an increase in automotive vehicles prices. Despite not recording a 
monthly decline since April, nonagricultural export prices decreased 2.0 percent over the past year. A 6.9-
percent decline in nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials from October 2019 to October 2020 
more than offset higher finished goods prices.           

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies 
and materials exports fell 0.3 percent, the first decline since the index decreased 10.4 percent in April. The 
October drop was led by a 1.2-percent decrease in fuel prices.      

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in October. Automotive vehicles prices rose 0.3 percent, 
after not changing the 2 previous months. The October rise was the largest monthly advance since January 
and was driven by higher prices for engines and engine parts. In contrast, prices for capital goods edged 
down 0.1 percent in October, the first monthly drop since May. The price index for consumer goods was 
unchanged in October.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China were unchanged for the second consecutive 
month in October, after increasing 0.1 percent in August and 0.2 percent in July. Prices for imports from 
Japan increased 0.2 percent in October following a 0.1-percent advance in September. The October rise was 
led by higher prices for transportation equipment. Import prices from Japan were unchanged for the year 
ended in October. The price index for imports from the European Union rose 0.2 percent in October and 
advanced 2.0 percent over the past year. In contrast, import prices from Canada and Mexico declined in 
October, falling 0.7 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. Prices for imports from Canada decreased 3.3 
percent from October 2019 to October 2020, and prices for imports from Mexico increased 1.1 percent over 
the same period. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: The price index for exports to China advanced 0.8 percent in October, 
after edging down 0.1 percent in September. Prices for exports to China increased 1.3 percent over the past 
year. Export prices to Japan rose 1.3 percent in October, the largest 1-month advance since a 4.4-percent 
increase in June. The price index for exports to Japan decreased 0.2 percent for the year ended in October 
despite not recording a monthly drop since May. Prices for exports to the European Union declined 0.4 
percent following increases in each of the 4 previous months. Export prices to the European Union fell 1.4 
percent over the past 12 months. Prices for exports to Canada advanced 0.6 percent in October following 
consecutive 0.9-percent increases the 2 previous months. Prices for exports to Mexico rose 1.1 percent in 
October, after a 0.4-percent advance the previous month. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
China rose 0.8 percent in October, after edging down 0.1 percent in September. The U.S. terms of trade with 
Japan advanced 1.0 percent in October, and have not recorded a monthly decrease since April. The index for 
U.S. terms of trade with the European Union declined 0.6 percent in October following a 0.4-percent drop 
the previous month. In October, a decrease in export prices to the European Union and an increase in import 
prices from the European Union contributed to the decline in the U.S. terms of trade. The U.S. terms of 
trade with Canada advanced 1.3 percent in October, and the U.S. terms of trade with Mexico increased 1.2 
percent. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares increased 3.9 percent following a 4.4-percent rise in September. Higher 
European, Asian, and Latin American/Caribbean fares all contributed to the October advance. Despite the 
recent advances, import air passenger fares decreased 12.4 percent from October 2019 to October 2020. 
Prices for import air freight increased 4.9 percent in October, after falling 2.9 percent the previous month. 
The index for import air freight rose 58.0 percent for the year ended in October. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares fell 4.0 percent in October, the first monthly decline for the index since 
May. The decrease followed advances of 5.9 percent in September, 3.1 percent in August, 5.5 percent in 
July, and 6.4 percent in June. The October drop was led by a 21.0-percent decline in Asian fares which more 
than offset rising Latin American/Caribbean and European fares. Export air passenger fares increased 3.3 
percent over the past year. Export air freight prices fell 6.8 percent in October, the largest 1-month drop 
since the index was first published monthly in December 2005. Export air freight prices declined 4.7 percent 
for the year ended in October.  
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for November are scheduled for release on Tuesday, December 15, 
2020 at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2019 to October 2020 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

All commodities

  100.000 123.3 123.2 -1.0 1.2 0.8 0.2 -0.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  86.603 100.5 100.5 1.6 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.0

All imports excluding petroleum

  93.407 113.7 113.7 1.8 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.0

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  92.852 117.6 117.7 1.7 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

6.249 179.6 179.7 1.9 -1.0 0.5 1.1 0.1

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

4.885 196.9 196.3 2.6 -1.3 0.6 1.3 -0.3

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.364 140.5 142.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.2 1.2

Industrial supplies & materials

1

21.875 172.6 171.9 -7.2 5.8 3.5 -0.1 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  15.434 164.1 163.7 7.3 1.1 3.8 3.2 -0.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  14.745 185.1 185.7 6.8 1.4 3.6 2.7 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  9.669 185.9 186.1 11.8 2.0 5.4 3.8 0.1

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  5.613 136.9 135.8 0.4 -0.2 1.1 2.2 -0.8

Fuels & lubricants

10

7.148 151.9 149.0 -27.4 15.2 3.6 -5.2 -1.9

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

6.593 159.9 158.3 -29.1 16.5 3.3 -6.8 -1.0

Crude

10000

4.421 159.9 157.7 -30.5 21.4 2.6 -6.6 -1.4

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.454 125.0 105.3 15.6 -6.5 10.8 22.2 -15.8

Gas-natural

10110

0.397 115.8 94.8 20.9 -7.5 12.9 26.3 -18.1

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.505 108.6 107.9 -5.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

4.554 151.8 153.2 -0.8 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.9

Selected building materials

13

1.985 186.9 189.9 32.8 5.7 9.0 10.7 1.6

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

4.016 267.2 266.4 14.0 2.0 8.5 3.9 -0.3

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

1.849 161.1 160.3 2.2 1.0 0.8 0.5 -0.5

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.818 113.0 113.0 -0.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0

Capital goods

2

28.997 88.4 88.4 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Electric generating equipment

20

3.680 121.5 121.6 1.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

22.929 80.3 80.3 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

2.388 135.7 136.1 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

15.881 111.0 110.9 1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

26.998 107.1 106.9 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Nondurables, manufactured

40

13.347 124.7 124.6 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

12.376 90.8 90.7 -0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

1.276 116.4 116.4 -0.1 0.0 1.0 0.3 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2019 to October 2020 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

All commodities

  100.000 122.8 123.1 -1.6 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.2

Agricultural commodities

  9.378 176.0 182.0 3.1 1.6 -2.3 2.8 3.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  82.461 102.6 102.7 1.6 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.1

Nonagricultural commodities

  90.622 118.7 118.7 -2.0 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.0

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

8.691 179.9 186.3 3.0 1.6 -2.1 2.7 3.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.174 179.1 185.6 3.9 1.8 -2.2 2.8 3.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.518 197.1 202.4 -8.2 -0.9 1.2 1.1 2.7

Industrial supplies & materials

1

31.396 142.3 142.0 -6.6 2.5 2.2 0.6 -0.2

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  11.542 182.1 181.5 9.1 1.4 4.3 1.3 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  19.854 125.9 125.8 -13.8 3.2 1.0 0.2 -0.1

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.176 162.0 165.2 -2.0 0.7 -2.2 2.4 2.0

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  30.220 141.7 141.3 -6.9 2.6 2.3 0.6 -0.3

Fuels & lubricants

11

8.847 130.9 129.3 -26.4 6.1 1.2 -0.6 -1.2

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

20.394 162.9 162.9 4.4 1.2 2.9 1.1 0.0

Selected building materials

13

0.978 122.4 124.2 5.1 0.8 1.2 1.8 1.5

Capital goods

2

37.346 111.7 111.6 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.879 120.5 120.4 2.8 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery

21

24.230 95.0 94.9 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

9.237 185.3 185.7 1.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

9.954 113.9 114.2 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.613 110.6 110.6 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured

40

6.108 109.0 109.0 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.0

Durables, manufactured

41

5.093 108.4 108.5 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.9 0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)

42

1.413 93.4 93.4 -5.7 -0.2 0.4 0.5 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: October 2019 to October 2020 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Nonmanufacturing

  7.105 87.9 86.6 -20.6 13.1 2.4 -3.2 -1.5

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

1.969 183.4 183.1 7.5 -0.8 1.2 2.4 -0.2

Crop production

111

1.638 198.6 197.7 9.7 -1.1 1.0 2.7 -0.5

Mining

21

5.135 75.6 74.0 -27.9 19.0 2.8 -5.1 -2.1

Oil and gas extraction

211

4.875 74.2 72.6 -29.0 20.2 3.0 -5.5 -2.2

Manufacturing

  92.565 111.4 111.4 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.0

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.474 125.5 125.7 0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Food manufacturing

311

3.527 153.5 153.7 -0.3 -1.0 0.6 0.4 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.191 129.7 129.7 3.4 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)

313

0.385 101.9 101.1 1.3 3.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.8

Textile product mills

314

0.935 106.0 106.7 -0.9 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 0.7

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.783 113.0 113.1 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.654 123.9 124.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2

32

18.253 123.0 123.4 -1.8 1.8 1.5 0.3 0.3

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)

321

1.273 158.4 162.1 - 10.9 15.8 17.9 2.3

Paper manufacturing

322

0.995 106.9 105.8 -3.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.7 -1.0

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

1.995 73.6 73.6 -27.8 7.7 4.4 -8.0 0.0

Chemical manufacturing

325

10.260 136.9 137.3 -0.6 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.451 121.6 121.8 2.1 1.4 0.7 0.2 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

1.084 130.8 130.8 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3

33

62.838 104.7 104.6 1.4 0.2 0.6 0.4 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.590 176.0 175.3 13.3 2.3 7.2 3.3 -0.4

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.265 126.8 126.6 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing

333

7.847 120.0 120.2 1.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

17.176 71.8 71.7 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

5.555 117.9 117.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.963 110.3 110.2 1.3 -0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.1

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.906 114.8 114.8 -1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.537 120.0 119.9 1.3 0.5 0.9 0.6 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: October 2019 to October 2020 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Nonmanufacturing

  9.032 112.4 115.2 -9.9 4.2 0.5 1.4 2.5

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

4.622 147.5 155.9 4.6 2.6 -2.9 5.7 5.7

Crop production

111

4.291 155.3 164.0 5.5 2.6 -3.2 6.0 5.6

Mining

21

4.410 62.5 61.9 -22.4 5.8 3.9 -2.8 -1.0

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.143 91.2 87.4 -19.0 -1.2 3.2 -0.3 -4.2

Manufacturing

  89.510 115.2 115.2 -0.9 0.7 0.4 0.4 0.0

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.749 138.8 140.4 0.5 0.4 -0.9 0.2 1.2

Food manufacturing

311

4.605 155.7 157.8 0.2 0.8 -1.3 0.0 1.3

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.660 124.3 126.7 4.2 -0.8 -0.9 0.9 1.9

Manufacturing, part 2

32

23.116 104.7 104.6 -7.8 1.8 0.5 0.9 -0.1

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.497 100.3 102.6 8.2 0.5 1.2 2.5 2.3

Paper manufacturing

322

1.512 118.0 118.0 -1.7 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 0.0

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

4.384 76.2 75.2 -29.7 6.0 -0.3 1.3 -1.3

Chemical manufacturing

325

13.336 116.4 117.0 -0.7 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.5

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.344 116.9 115.4 -1.6 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -1.3

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.838 117.1 116.5 -1.1 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5

Manufacturing, part 3

33

59.645 117.3 117.3 1.8 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.922 180.8 179.3 17.6 2.0 8.2 0.5 -0.8

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.143 151.1 151.2 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1

Machinery manufacturing

333

9.998 130.9 131.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

13.999 82.3 82.1 0.7 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.869 118.7 118.6 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

17.897 129.7 130.0 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)

337

0.406 124.8 126.8 3.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.6

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.411 119.1 119.0 -1.2 0.1 0.2 1.0 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2019 to October 2020 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
importance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Live animals; animal products

I

1.333 189.8 190.8 -1.9 -2.7 0.7 0.3 0.5

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.386 270.8 267.7 2.1 -9.8 2.2 0.2 -1.1

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.680 129.4 132.8 -3.5 0.6 -0.7 0.5 2.6

Vegetable products

II

2.010 219.1 219.2 9.7 -1.1 1.2 2.5 0.0

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.486 511.8 520.6 9.3 1.2 2.8 1.8 1.7

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.672 113.7 112.3 7.0 -5.9 -0.1 5.9 -1.2

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.351 223.5 220.1 10.0 3.7 0.5 0.9 -1.5

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.258 90.1 91.2 7.4 1.3 3.2 1.2 1.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.029 169.4 169.1 1.2 0.0 0.4 0.4 -0.2

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.206 100.5 99.1 0.8 -2.1 0.1 1.1 -1.4

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants

20

0.366 168.7 168.5 -1.9 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.134 140.0 139.9 3.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Mineral products

V

7.294 154.9 151.9 -26.1 14.4 3.4 -5.1 -1.9

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

6.943 150.4 147.3 -27.3 15.2 3.6 -5.4 -2.1

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

9.614 154.9 155.2 -0.8 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.456 268.1 268.5 -6.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.1

Organic chemicals

29

2.103 122.1 122.7 -2.8 0.9 0.4 0.3 0.5

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.992 155.4 155.3 0.5 0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.1

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec. 2016=100)

33

0.628 103.3 102.9 -0.3 0.6 0.2 0.0 -0.4

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.598 101.4 102.2 0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.6 0.8

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.809 144.7 145.7 3.8 2.4 1.2 1.0 0.7

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.516 144.7 145.1 1.6 1.9 1.0 0.7 0.3

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.293 146.8 149.0 8.4 3.5 1.5 1.7 1.5

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel goods, etc

VIII

0.623 124.3 124.4 0.2 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials

42

0.597 131.1 131.1 0.2 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork

IX

1.305 229.1 235.3 61.9 10.7 15.7 17.5 2.7

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)

44

1.281 159.7 164.2 - 11.0 16.1 17.9 2.8

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.018 111.5 110.6 -4.5 -0.3 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.694 104.0 103.2 -5.1 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.895 114.5 114.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted

61

1.979 104.9 105.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.649 122.8 122.4 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.3

Made-up or worn textile articles

63

0.632 99.6 100.5 -1.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.9

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.393 124.5 124.5 1.5 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.165 122.8 122.9 1.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.973 131.6 131.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

3.352 226.2 222.5 16.7 1.2 9.1 2.4 -1.6

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.606 171.4 171.9 0.8 1.0 1.6 1.6 0.3

Iron and steel

72

1.096 195.4 199.2 -2.9 -0.7 2.1 2.5 1.9

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.694 146.5 146.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.469 298.6 297.8 13.3 6.0 3.5 2.0 -0.3

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.947 132.1 132.4 5.3 3.8 3.4 2.2 0.2

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.467 123.1 123.1 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.531 132.9 133.6 -1.2 0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.5

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

30.796 79.1 79.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.725 85.1 85.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

15.071 73.3 73.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

14.011 114.8 114.8 1.4 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

12.882 114.1 114.1 1.6 -0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

4.130 102.3 102.3 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.857 98.4 98.5 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.476 111.0 110.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.818 116.7 116.7 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.388 101.7 101.2 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.5

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.271 126.7 126.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2019 to October 2020 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Live animals; animal products

I

1.903 204.7 211.4 -0.4 1.1 -2.1 -1.0 3.3

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.172 164.0 166.7 3.7 -1.7 -0.3 1.4 1.6

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)

03

0.315 104.8 108.3 -11.3 -1.4 1.3 1.4 3.3

Vegetable products

II

4.299 194.1 204.9 6.4 2.6 -3.3 5.9 5.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.896 125.9 125.1 -9.6 -1.7 -0.2 4.5 -0.6

Cereals

10

1.394 191.3 203.2 6.9 2.2 -5.3 8.4 6.2

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

1.564 204.2 211.9 11.5 4.1 0.3 5.8 3.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.082 153.3 154.8 0.3 1.7 -2.0 1.7 1.0

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants (Dec. 2019=100)

20

0.325 96.1 96.6 - -0.8 0.0 0.2 0.5

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.595 99.6 99.9 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.4 0.3

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.578 108.7 108.7 -5.3 6.3 -8.2 5.4 0.0

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.720 214.8 224.5 7.9 0.0 -1.4 2.6 4.5

Mineral products

V

8.828 158.4 156.5 -25.9 5.9 2.2 -0.8 -1.2

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.433 101.5 99.9 1.6 5.3 9.6 3.8 -1.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

8.198 148.8 147.1 -27.3 6.0 1.9 -1.0 -1.1

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

11.070 137.1 137.9 0.1 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.6

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.715 138.5 132.8 -10.3 -1.4 0.0 0.4 -4.1

Organic chemicals

29

2.494 137.5 142.8 2.5 0.6 2.9 2.3 3.9

Pharmaceutical products

30

3.258 109.6 109.7 2.1 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.1

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100)

32

0.527 102.0 101.4 -4.2 2.1 -4.3 0.7 -0.6

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.877 128.1 128.1 -1.8 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.502 125.9 125.9 0.8 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

2.035 156.7 156.4 0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

5.131 139.4 139.8 -1.0 0.6 1.5 0.4 0.3

Plastics and articles thereof

39

4.247 136.5 136.9 -0.8 0.5 1.7 0.8 0.3

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.884 150.1 150.8 -1.8 0.5 0.3 -1.6 0.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.609 98.8 100.9 8.7 0.5 1.0 2.1 2.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.844 123.6 121.5 2.0 -0.4 0.3 0.7 -1.7

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)

47

0.517 121.3 113.3 - -0.3 1.3 0.8 -6.6

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

1.034 122.4 122.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.6 0.3

Textile and textile articles

XI

1.686 118.0 118.3 0.2 0.8 -0.9 1.3 0.3

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.452 111.2 112.7 0.0 3.6 -3.3 3.8 1.3

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.830 128.6 129.0 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.3

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)

70

0.474 99.3 99.3 - 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

5.404 304.8 303.0 15.8 1.3 7.5 1.3 -0.6

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

4.765 159.4 160.7 4.6 1.7 1.2 2.4 0.8

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.556 193.4 193.5 13.6 9.1 4.4 2.5 0.1

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.730 103.2 105.6 7.1 3.4 3.9 5.4 2.3

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.348 156.0 156.0 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

28.965 98.2 98.2 0.8 0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

17.226 115.9 115.9 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

11.740 79.1 79.1 1.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.572 137.7 137.9 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

8.134 116.0 116.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

6.136 110.6 110.4 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.365 113.3 114.0 1.2 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.6

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;

94

0.767 133.1 134.2 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.8

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.438 86.7 87.0 -1.6 0.3 -1.7 -1.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: October 2019 to October 2020 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 126.1 125.6 -0.6 1.0 2.4 0.2 -0.4

Nonmanufacturing

8.594 140.3 138.2 -22.8 8.2 3.7 -4.9 -1.5

Manufacturing

90.818 124.1 123.7 2.0 0.3 2.3 0.6 -0.3

Canada

100.000 133.9 133.0 -3.3 3.3 5.0 0.1 -0.7

Nonmanufacturing

24.891 136.9 134.7 -23.2 8.6 3.9 -5.2 -1.6

Manufacturing

74.128 136.8 136.2 5.3 1.5 5.5 1.9 -0.4

European Union

100.000 139.2 139.5 2.0 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.2

Manufacturing

98.999 135.4 135.7 2.0 0.7 0.4 0.9 0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 129.4 129.3 1.5 1.3 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 114.8 114.8 2.0 0.0 0.7 1.1 0.0

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 121.4 121.7 -0.3 0.3 0.5 1.1 0.2

Latin America(3)

100.000 144.5 144.2 -0.8 1.4 1.2 -0.4 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing

13.085 220.3 216.1 -13.1 6.9 2.6 0.5 -1.9

Manufacturing

86.627 120.7 120.8 1.3 0.6 1.0 -0.6 0.1

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 128.4 128.2 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.1 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

7.457 125.4 122.4 -9.0 1.2 2.1 7.6 -2.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

92.258 89.0 89.1 2.1 0.2 0.9 -0.6 0.1

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 98.0 97.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 98.3 98.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

Japan

100.000 96.7 96.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)

100.000 97.7 97.7 -1.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 85.6 85.5 -1.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 97.7 98.2 1.1 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.5

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 149.6 149.6 -13.3 18.9 0.1 -0.4 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: October 2019 to October 2020 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 102.9 103.0 0.1 1.2 1.0 0.7 0.1

Nonmanufacturing

8.907 89.8 90.3 -13.5 4.4 0.3 1.9 0.6

Manufacturing

89.664 104.5 104.5 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.0

Canada

100.000 103.2 103.8 -0.3 1.4 0.9 0.9 0.6

European Union

100.000 103.6 103.2 -1.4 1.1 0.5 0.5 -0.4

Nonmanufacturing

7.899 81.4 82.4 -18.6 4.5 -1.0 0.9 1.2

Manufacturing

90.763 105.8 105.1 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.4 -0.7

Germany

100.000 107.9 107.6 3.2 1.0 1.2 0.4 -0.3

Latin America(3)

100.000 95.4 96.1 -4.2 1.7 -0.2 0.2 0.7

Nonmanufacturing

7.453 100.0 104.3 0.0 5.7 -2.8 3.2 4.3

Manufacturing

91.973 94.9 95.4 -4.7 1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.5

Mexico

100.000 96.3 97.4 -2.4 1.1 0.1 0.4 1.1

Nonmanufacturing

5.838 95.4 100.1 2.4 6.3 -3.6 4.7 4.9

Manufacturing

93.484 96.3 97.1 -2.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.8

Pacific Rim(4)

100.000 98.5 99.0 -1.0 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.5

Nonmanufacturing

12.994 83.4 85.6 -14.2 2.2 1.2 0.0 2.6

Manufacturing

85.072 101.4 101.7 0.9 -0.1 0.6 0.2 0.3

China

100.000 97.7 98.5 1.3 1.4 1.0 -0.1 0.8

Nonmanufacturing

10.999 78.6 80.9 -13.8 7.1 3.2 -3.2 2.9

Manufacturing

86.454 102.2 103.2 3.2 0.6 0.7 0.2 1.0

Japan

100.000 99.4 100.7 -0.2 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.3

Nonmanufacturing

17.708 83.1 86.1 -12.9 5.2 1.0 2.2 3.6

Manufacturing

80.274 102.6 103.3 2.4 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: October 2019 to October 2020(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Industrialized Countries(2)

99.9 100.4 0.7 0.2 -1.5 0.5 0.5

Canada

101.3 102.6 3.2 -1.9 -4.0 0.8 1.3

European Union

100.2 99.6 -3.4 0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.6

Germany

108.2 107.9 1.1 1.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.3

Latin America(3)

98.3 99.2 -3.5 0.3 -1.4 0.6 0.9

Mexico

96.8 98.0 -3.4 0.8 -0.8 0.4 1.2

Pacific Rim(4)

98.9 99.5 -1.3 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.6

China

99.5 100.3 1.2 1.2 0.9 -0.1 0.8

Japan

98.2 99.2 -0.2 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: October 2019 to October 2020 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
Sep.
2020(1)
Index Percent change
Sep.
2020
Oct.
2020
Annual Monthly
Oct.
2019
to
Oct.
2020
Jun.
2020
to
Jul.
2020
Jul.
2020
to
Aug.
2020
Aug.
2020
to
Sep.
2020
Sep.
2020
to
Oct.
2020

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 263.8 276.7 58.0 -14.0 2.2 -2.9 4.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

27.724 216.2 239.7 65.1 2.4 1.6 -3.6 10.9

Asia

63.526 265.9 273.9 67.2 -21.3 2.9 -2.9 3.0

Export Air Freight

100.000 166.5 155.1 -4.7 -0.1 1.1 -1.9 -6.8

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

31.441 153.8 135.5 -9.9 0.3 0.2 0.5 -11.9

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 208.8 216.2 33.6 -9.9 1.7 -5.1 3.5

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

26.858 157.3 170.3 28.5 1.9 0.7 -7.9 8.3

Asia

62.737 209.0 213.5 43.4 -15.7 2.4 -4.5 2.2

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 145.8 138.9 -3.0 0.5 -0.1 -3.1 -4.7

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

36.803 177.6 150.3 -3.0 0.1 0.1 0.5 -15.4

Asia

41.979 126.7 131.8 -1.6 1.6 -1.2 -6.4 4.0

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 146.1 151.8 -12.4 -4.0 0.1 4.4 3.9

Europe

38.929 145.0 150.2 -22.1 -10.7 -2.4 9.9 3.6

Asia

33.025 166.5 173.0 34.7 3.4 8.9 4.8 3.9

Latin America/Caribbean

6.852 110.1 118.7 -22.7 -0.6 -9.5 -0.5 7.8

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 154.0 147.9 3.3 5.5 3.1 5.9 -4.0

Europe

23.475 156.1 159.8 -11.6 6.9 -7.5 1.4 2.4

Asia

35.294 188.2 148.7 18.8 4.3 17.5 16.9 -21.0

Latin America/Caribbean

22.257 139.3 154.9 2.2 3.1 -3.7 -1.8 11.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.

Last Modified Date: November 17, 2020