U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-22-2306
8:30 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, December 14, 2022

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Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                              U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - NOVEMBER 2022                              

U.S. import prices decreased 0.6 percent in November following a 0.4-percent drop the previous month, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower nonfuel and fuel prices contributed to the November 
decline in U.S. import prices. Prices for U.S. exports fell 0.3 percent in November, after decreasing 0.4 
percent the previous month.

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports fell 0.6 percent in November and has not recorded a monthly advance since 
a 0.2-percent increase in June 2022. U.S. import prices declined 4.6 percent from June to November, after 
rising 8.1 percent in the first half of 2022. Despite the recent decreases, prices for U.S. imports rose 2.7 
percent over the past year, the smallest 12-month advance since January 2021. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel fell 2.8 percent in November following a decline of 2.7 percent in 
October. Import fuel prices have not recorded a monthly increase since a 5.6-percent advance in June 2022. 
Lower petroleum prices in November more than offset higher natural gas prices. Prices for import petroleum 
declined 3.3 percent in November, after decreasing 2.2 percent in October. Petroleum prices also have not 
advanced on a monthly basis since June 2022. In contrast, natural gas prices rose 5.5 percent in November 
following an 11.8-percent drop in October. Import fuel prices advanced 10.1 percent from November 2021 
to November 2022, led by an 11.2-percent increase in petroleum prices. Despite the November advance, 
natural gas prices decreased 4.2 percent over the past year, the first 12-month decline since December 2020.        

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices decreased 0.4 percent in November, the largest 1-
month decline since a 0.5-percent drop in July 2022. Prices for nonfuel imports have not recorded a monthly 
advance since April 2022. Lower prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials and consumer goods in 
November more than offset higher prices for foods, feeds, and beverages and capital goods. Nonfuel import 
prices rose 1.9 percent over the past 12 months, the smallest over-the-year advance since a 1.9-percent 
increase in December 2020.   

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Import prices for foods, feeds, and beverages increased 1.8 percent in 
November, the largest 1-month rise since January 2022. The November advance was driven by a 13.1-
percent rise in fruit prices and a 10.0-percent increase in vegetable prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices declined 2.4 
percent in November and have not recorded a monthly advance since rising 0.6 percent in April 2022. The 
November decrease was led by lower prices for nonferrous metals, chemicals, and steelmaking materials.     

Finished Goods: Import prices were mixed for the major finished goods categories in November. Consumer 
goods prices fell 0.2 percent following declines of 0.3 percent in October and 0.2 percent in September. 
Despite the recent drops, consumer goods prices rose 0.6 percent over the past year. In contrast, prices for 
capital goods ticked up 0.1 percent in November, after advancing 0.2 percent the previous month. The 
November increase was driven by a 0.5-percent rise in computer prices. The price index for automotive 
vehicles was unchanged in November, after advancing 0.6 percent in October.  

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2021
November	0.7	2.5	0.6	0.7	1.1	0.6
December	-0.4	-7.7	0.5	-1.6	0.7	-1.9
2022
January	2.0	7.3	1.4	2.8	3.0	2.8
February	1.8	10.6	0.8	3.2	2.9	3.3
March	2.9	17.8	1.2	3.9	4.5	3.8
April	0.5	0.8	0.4	1.0	1.2	1.1
May	0.5	6.1	-0.3	2.7	2.4	2.7
June	0.2	5.6	-0.6	1.1	0.0	1.2
July	-1.4	-6.9	-0.5	-3.7	-3.2	-3.8
August	-1.2	(r)-8.6	-0.2	-1.4	(r)-0.5	-1.4
September	(r)-1.0	(r)-6.3	-0.3	(r)-0.9	(r)-0.9	(r)-1.0
October	(r)-0.4	(r)-2.7	-0.1	(r)-0.4	(r)-0.8	-0.3
November	-0.6	-2.8	-0.4	-0.3	2.3	-0.6
Nov. 2020 to 2021	11.8	87.0	6.4	18.1	21.9	17.7
Nov. 2021 to 2022	2.7	10.1	1.9	6.3	12.0	5.6
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices declined 0.3 percent in November and have not recorded a 1-month increase since rising 
1.1 percent in June 2022. Lower nonagricultural prices in November more than offset higher agricultural 
prices. Prices for U.S. exports advanced 6.3 percent from November 2021 to November 2022, the smallest 
12-month increase since February 2021. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports rose 2.3 percent in November, after 
declining 0.8 percent in October and 0.9 percent in September. The November advance was the first 
monthly rise since the index increased 2.4 percent in May 2022. Higher prices for soybeans, vegetables, 
fruit, and corn more than offset lower prices for cotton, meat, and wheat. Prices for agricultural exports 
advanced 12.0 percent for the year ended in November.    

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices decreased 0.6 percent in November 
following a 0.3-percent drop the previous month. Prices for nonagricultural exports have not advanced on a 
monthly basis since June 2022. Lower prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials, capital 
goods, consumer goods, and nonagricultural foods all contributed to the November decline. Despite the 
recent drops, nonagricultural export prices increased 5.6 percent over the past year.     

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Export prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials fell 1.1 percent in November and have not recorded a 1-month increase since June 2022. The 
November decline was led by lower prices for fuel and nonferrous metals.

Finished Goods: Export prices were mostly down for the major finished goods categories in November. 
Capital goods prices declined 0.2 percent, the first monthly decrease since the index fell 0.2 percent in 
November 2020. The November drop was driven by lower prices for computer peripherals, accessories, and 
parts. Prices for consumer goods declined 0.3 percent in November, after advancing 0.3 percent in October. 
The price index for automotive vehicles was unchanged in November following a 0.2-percent decline the 
previous month.    

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China were unchanged in November, after a 0.4-
percent advance in October. Prices for imports from China increased 1.8 percent over the past year, the 
smallest 12-month advance since March 2021. The price index for imports from Japan edged down 0.1 
percent, the first 1-month decline since a 0.2-percent drop in July 2022. The November decline was led by 
lower prices for machinery manufacturing which more than offset higher prices for computer and electronic 
product manufacturing. Despite the decline in November, import prices from Japan rose 2.2 percent over the 
past 12 months. Prices for imports from Canada fell 1.4 percent in November following a 2.1-percent 
decline the previous month. The price index for imports from Canada has not recorded a monthly advance 
since June 2022. Import prices from the European Union and Mexico also decreased in November, 
declining 1.2 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China fell 0.4 percent in November, after decreasing 
1.4 percent in October. The price index for exports to China advanced 1.3 percent over the past 12 months. 
Prices for exports to Japan decreased 0.7 percent in November following a 0.2-percent advance the previous 
month. Export prices to Japan fell 7.2 percent in the third quarter of 2022 prior to ticking up in October. 
Despite the recent declines, prices for exports to Japan increased 4.3 percent for the year ended in 
November. The price indexes for exports to Canada and the European Union also fell in November, 
decreasing 0.5 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively. Export prices to Mexico fell 2.2 percent in November, 
the largest monthly decline since a 5.4-percent decrease in July 2022. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China declined 
0.5 percent in November following a 1.8-percent decrease the previous month. The index for U.S. terms of 
trade with China fell 0.5 percent over the past 12 months, the first over-the-year decline since September 
2020. U.S. terms of trade with Japan decreased 0.7 percent in November, after declining 0.8 percent in 
October. Lower export prices to Japan in November more than offset lower import prices from Japan. In 
contrast, the index for U.S. terms of trade with Canada increased in November, advancing 0.9 percent 
following a 3.4-percent rise in October. U.S. terms of trade with the European Union rose 1.0 percent in 
November, and U.S. terms of trade with Mexico fell 2.1 percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares declined 0.6 percent in November, after increasing 4.4 percent in 
October and 4.7 percent in September. Lower European and Asian fares in November more than offset 
higher Latin American/Caribbean fares. Despite the November decrease, import air passenger fares 
advanced 12.4 percent over the past year. Import air freight prices fell 10.5 percent in November following 
an 11.9-percent decline the previous month. Prices for import air freight decreased 37.8 percent for the year 
ended in November, the largest over-the-year decrease since the 12-month percent change series was first 
published in September 1991. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares rose 0.3 percent in November, after decreasing 7.4 
percent from July to October. Higher Asian fares in November more than offset lower European and Latin 
American/Caribbean fares. Export air passenger fares increased 13.9 percent over the past 12 months. Prices 
for export air freight declined 2.5 percent in November following a 3.2-percent decrease in October. The 
November drop was driven by a 4.4-percent decline in Asian air freight prices. Despite the November and 
October decreases, export air freight prices advanced 10.5 percent over the past year.  
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for December 2022 are scheduled for release on Friday, 
January 13, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2021 to November 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
All commodities		100.000	142.5	141.6	2.7	-1.2	-1.0	-0.4	-0.6
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		82.201	108.7	108.1	1.7	-0.1	-0.4	-0.1	-0.6
All imports excluding petroleum		89.705	124.2	123.8	1.9	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2	-0.3
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		89.023	127.8	127.3	1.9	-0.2	-0.3	-0.1	-0.4
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	6.822	204.2	207.8	4.0	-1.5	0.4	-0.9	1.8
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	5.449	222.7	228.3	6.1	-1.6	0.3	-1.0	2.5
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.373	161.9	159.9	-3.9	-1.2	0.8	-0.8	-1.2
Industrial supplies & materials	1	29.436	268.3	261.5	3.7	-3.7	-3.3	-1.3	-2.5
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		19.174	215.8	211.3	0.8	-0.2	-1.6	-0.8	-2.1
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		18.182	237.9	232.2	1.1	-0.3	-1.4	-0.4	-2.4
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		12.155	226.7	220.6	-1.4	-0.1	-1.7	-0.4	-2.7
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		6.986	203.4	201.2	4.9	-0.3	-1.4	-1.5	-1.1
Fuels & lubricants	10	10.977	334.8	325.5	10.1	-8.6	-6.3	-2.7	-2.8
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	10.295	355.4	343.7	11.2	-9.4	-6.3	-2.2	-3.3
Crude petroleum	10000	6.724	347.4	335.6	5.1	-10.2	-6.6	-3.0	-3.4
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.682	266.7	278.2	-2.0	2.8	-7.1	-9.5	4.3
Natural gas	10110	0.549	254.0	267.9	-4.2	3.4	-8.4	-11.8	5.5
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.583	152.9	149.2	19.7	1.8	2.3	0.8	-2.4
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	5.720	216.2	212.4	5.1	-1.1	-1.0	-0.5	-1.8
Selected building materials	13	1.858	199.1	198.2	7.1	-1.8	-2.4	-2.5	-0.5
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	5.201	342.9	329.6	-7.3	-0.6	-3.1	0.4	-3.9
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	3.351	214.9	207.2	0.1	1.8	0.5	0.0	-3.6
Nonmetals related to durable goods	16	1.746	127.0	127.2	4.4	-0.2	-0.5	-1.1	0.2
Capital goods	2	25.906	93.0	93.1	3.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Electric generating equipment	20	3.236	128.4	128.6	4.7	0.2	-0.3	-0.5	0.2
Nonelectrical machinery	21	21.007	84.2	84.3	2.4	-0.1	-0.1	0.2	0.1
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	1.664	147.6	147.7	6.2	0.2	0.4	1.9	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	12.647	117.2	117.2	3.0	-0.3	0.1	0.6	0.0
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	25.189	109.8	109.6	0.6	0.1	-0.2	-0.3	-0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	12.707	124.0	123.8	-0.8	0.2	0.0	-0.6	-0.2
Durables, manufactured	41	11.757	95.7	95.5	1.8	0.1	-0.3	0.1	-0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	0.725	129.8	129.0	4.3	-0.7	-0.6	-0.2	-0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2021 to November 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
All commodities		100.000	156.2	155.8	6.3	-1.4	-0.9	-0.4	-0.3
Agricultural commodities		12.196	251.3	257.2	12.0	-0.5	-0.9	-0.8	2.3
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		67.167	113.3	113.0	1.3	-0.6	-0.6	-0.9	-0.3
All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)		78.319	98.4	98.4	-	-0.3	-0.5	-0.6	0.0
Nonagricultural commodities		87.804	149.0	148.1	5.6	-1.4	-1.0	-0.3	-0.6
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	11.152	253.9	260.7	12.2	-0.5	-0.7	-0.5	2.7
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	10.712	255.5	262.7	13.0	-0.6	-0.8	-0.5	2.8
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.440	225.1	223.3	-5.0	-0.1	1.3	-0.3	-0.8
Industrial supplies & materials	1	43.307	228.2	225.6	7.7	-3.0	-2.0	-0.7	-1.1
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.975	210.3	207.9	-3.5	0.0	-0.8	-1.0	-1.1
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		33.332	230.5	227.9	11.4	-3.8	-2.4	-0.7	-1.1
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.483	234.3	231.1	5.1	-0.4	-1.4	-2.0	-1.4
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		41.824	228.1	225.5	7.8	-3.1	-2.0	-0.7	-1.1
Fuels & lubricants	11	21.681	314.6	309.2	19.8	-4.2	-2.0	1.2	-1.7
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	19.298	196.3	195.6	-3.1	-1.8	-1.9	-2.7	-0.4
Selected building materials	13	0.845	155.4	150.9	-3.4	-3.6	-3.6	-2.7	-2.9
Capital goods	2	28.015	119.1	118.9	3.3	0.0	0.1	0.0	-0.2
Electrical generating equipment	20	3.157	134.1	134.7	5.6	0.1	0.2	0.7	0.4
Nonelectrical machinery	21	20.282	100.5	100.3	3.0	-0.1	0.1	-0.3	-0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	4.576	198.2	198.7	3.8	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	7.424	121.7	121.7	4.4	0.2	0.1	-0.2	0.0
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	10.102	116.7	116.3	3.0	0.2	-0.3	0.3	-0.3
Nondurables, manufactured	40	5.256	108.8	108.4	-1.4	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2	-0.4
Durables, manufactured	41	3.926	116.3	116.1	5.8	0.0	0.3	0.8	-0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	0.920	124.5	123.6	18.2	2.7	-3.8	-0.1	-0.7
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: November 2021 to November 2022 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Nonmanufacturing		9.618	159.8	158.5	3.6	-7.8	-5.2	-3.7	-0.8
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.100	200.2	211.1	5.0	-3.6	0.7	-3.8	5.4
Crop production	111	1.715	210.4	224.5	6.0	-4.2	0.5	-3.7	6.7
Mining	21	7.518	162.7	158.6	3.6	-8.9	-6.7	-3.7	-2.5
Oil and gas extraction	211	7.267	162.5	158.1	3.6	-9.1	-6.8	-3.7	-2.7
Manufacturing		90.071	123.9	123.1	2.7	-0.5	-0.6	0.0	-0.6
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.214	138.4	138.1	2.8	-0.1	0.2	0.4	-0.2
Food manufacturing	311	4.184	186.9	186.0	4.3	-0.7	0.4	0.7	-0.5
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.083	134.4	134.5	1.2	-0.1	0.1	-0.1	0.1
Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)	313	0.403	125.3	124.7	8.2	0.2	-0.8	-0.5	-0.5
Textile product mills	314	1.447	109.5	109.3	-1.9	-0.6	0.3	-0.1	-0.2
Apparel manufacturing	315	2.939	119.5	119.4	4.3	1.2	0.1	0.6	-0.1
Leather and allied product manufacturing	316	1.158	127.6	127.3	-0.5	0.0	0.2	-0.4	-0.2
Manufacturing, part 2	32	21.011	152.5	150.4	4.6	-2.0	-1.4	-1.0	-1.4
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)	321	1.080	155.8	154.3	3.8	-3.4	-4.4	-4.5	-1.0
Paper manufacturing	322	1.042	129.9	127.7	10.2	0.9	1.4	0.2	-1.7
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	3.265	174.0	169.1	30.3	-7.3	-4.6	-0.6	-2.8
Chemical manufacturing	325	12.012	156.5	154.7	-0.4	-1.1	-0.9	-1.3	-1.2
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.514	133.8	133.4	3.7	-0.1	0.3	0.0	-0.3
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.929	141.6	141.2	3.1	-0.1	-0.4	0.0	-0.3
Manufacturing, part 3	33	57.846	112.7	112.1	2.0	0.0	-0.4	0.4	-0.5
Primary metal manufacturing	331	6.950	233.1	222.9	-3.6	0.7	-1.8	1.3	-4.4
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.152	149.0	148.4	2.4	-0.3	-0.7	-1.4	-0.4
Machinery manufacturing	333	6.805	127.5	127.4	3.0	0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.1
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	15.830	74.1	74.2	1.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.5	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	5.325	126.8	126.8	4.2	0.1	-0.2	-0.2	0.0
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	13.121	116.2	116.2	3.0	-0.2	0.1	0.9	0.0
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.837	129.0	128.7	6.3	0.8	0.0	-0.3	-0.2
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.826	125.8	125.7	3.8	-0.4	-0.6	-0.5	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: November 2021 to November 2022 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Nonmanufacturing		19.415	217.5	218.3	10.9	0.7	-2.3	-3.1	0.4
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	6.546	221.3	231.8	14.3	-1.0	-1.9	-1.9	4.7
Crop production	111	6.234	236.0	247.6	16.0	-0.9	-1.8	-1.9	4.9
Mining	21	12.869	142.3	139.6	8.9	1.6	-2.5	-3.7	-1.9
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)	211	11.654	129.9	127.3	-	3.2	-2.5	-4.0	-2.0
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.216	140.1	139.4	-10.9	-11.7	-2.2	-1.8	-0.5
Manufacturing		79.013	137.2	136.5	5.8	-1.9	-0.7	0.4	-0.5
Manufacturing, part 1	31	7.067	178.6	177.4	7.3	-0.2	-0.2	0.4	-0.7
Food manufacturing	311	5.396	212.3	210.3	8.0	0.1	0.0	0.5	-0.9
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.530	142.8	144.8	7.1	-1.0	-1.9	0.5	1.4
Manufacturing, part 2	32	27.036	149.6	148.6	9.2	-5.4	-1.7	1.3	-0.7
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.442	122.7	116.0	-14.8	-5.0	-5.4	-3.2	-5.5
Paper manufacturing	322	1.637	155.9	156.1	14.3	1.6	-0.7	0.3	0.1
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	8.802	196.8	193.7	37.4	-12.7	-1.4	9.2	-1.6
Chemical manufacturing	325	13.329	136.1	136.0	-2.3	-2.5	-2.0	-2.7	-0.1
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	1.999	130.6	130.4	3.5	0.4	-0.6	-0.1	-0.2
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.678	130.6	129.7	6.6	-0.4	-0.3	-3.0	-0.7
Manufacturing, part 3	33	44.910	126.9	126.5	3.5	0.2	-0.1	-0.1	-0.3
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.062	210.1	205.3	-3.8	0.3	-1.2	-0.8	-2.3
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.483	171.5	171.8	7.2	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.2
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.060	144.0	144.0	5.8	0.3	0.1	0.3	0.0
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	11.679	84.5	84.1	1.3	-0.1	0.1	-0.6	-0.5
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	3.183	131.9	132.4	6.8	0.1	0.0	0.6	0.4
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	11.024	138.8	139.0	4.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.107	133.6	133.2	7.3	0.7	-0.7	0.2	-0.3
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2021 to November 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Live animals; animal products	I	1.497	230.8	226.5	-2.2	-1.4	1.1	-1.2	-1.9
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.430	320.9	310.0	-9.6	-2.2	-1.0	-3.2	-3.4
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.759	158.9	156.2	-3.0	-1.9	1.7	-0.4	-1.7
Vegetable products	II	2.153	238.8	247.5	7.1	-3.0	0.9	-2.6	3.6
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.488	487.0	496.0	20.1	2.1	11.8	-2.8	1.8
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.691	104.9	120.3	4.6	-8.2	-6.2	-4.0	14.7
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.445	316.9	290.7	0.4	1.5	0.7	-1.8	-8.3
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.436	153.0	154.0	3.8	0.3	-0.4	1.6	0.7
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.247	189.6	190.8	5.6	0.1	0.5	0.7	0.6
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)	17	0.218	108.1	107.7	-	-0.1	-1.0	1.7	-0.4
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.199	102.2	110.9	10.5	-0.2	0.3	-0.3	8.5
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.057	147.3	147.5	0.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.1	0.1
Mineral products	V	10.939	341.9	333.1	10.7	-8.1	-5.9	-2.8	-2.6
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	10.594	336.8	327.5	11.1	-8.4	-6.0	-2.7	-2.8
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.173	174.8	174.0	0.7	-1.1	-0.8	-1.1	-0.5
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.773	549.1	553.0	19.0	-1.8	1.4	0.9	0.7
Organic chemicals	29	2.567	145.4	144.9	-0.5	-3.5	-3.2	-0.6	-0.3
Pharmaceutical products	30	5.115	145.1	144.9	-4.0	-0.3	-0.3	-1.6	-0.1
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.832	119.7	119.6	4.1	-0.2	0.4	0.4	-0.1
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.771	160.1	157.9	0.0	-0.8	-0.7	-0.2	-1.4
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.612	162.8	159.8	-2.1	-0.7	-1.3	-0.1	-1.8
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.160	157.9	157.5	4.9	-1.0	0.7	-0.6	-0.3
Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials	42	0.415	142.1	142.0	2.6	0.1	0.6	-1.0	-0.1
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork	IX	1.147	236.2	235.0	7.5	-3.5	-3.9	-4.3	-0.5
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)	44	1.124	165.2	164.3	7.9	-3.6	-3.9	-4.5	-0.5
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.023	137.2	134.2	11.1	0.5	1.5	0.1	-2.2
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.671	124.6	124.9	15.3	0.2	1.3	0.3	0.2
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.629	121.1	121.0	2.6	0.4	0.2	0.2	-0.1
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.287	127.2	127.3	3.2	-0.1	-0.1	0.8	0.1
Made-up or worn textile articles	63	1.183	102.8	102.9	-2.9	-1.1	0.3	0.0	0.1
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.013	126.8	126.9	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.1
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	0.812	123.8	123.8	-1.1	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.795	134.3	133.9	1.4	-0.2	-0.2	0.1	-0.3
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.297	102.4	102.3	3.1	0.3	-0.5	0.6	-0.1
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)	70	0.274	101.4	100.9	-	-0.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.5
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.533	230.5	221.3	-2.6	2.2	-2.2	1.6	-4.0
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.933	237.0	233.4	1.0	-1.0	-1.0	-1.0	-1.5
Iron and steel	72	1.181	331.6	313.2	1.5	-3.5	0.5	0.1	-5.5
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.838	203.5	204.6	6.1	0.0	-0.8	-1.0	0.5
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.430	346.7	350.0	-14.3	1.3	-0.2	-0.8	1.0
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.031	186.0	182.7	-4.1	-2.3	-3.0	-2.4	-1.8
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.411	129.7	129.2	1.7	-0.2	-0.1	0.0	-0.4
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.524	150.9	151.5	4.2	-0.1	-0.2	-1.2	0.4
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	28.108	82.7	82.7	1.8	-0.1	-0.2	0.2	0.0
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	14.457	89.3	89.4	2.3	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	0.1
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	13.650	76.6	76.5	1.6	-0.1	-0.1	0.4	-0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	11.088	121.1	121.2	3.4	-0.1	0.1	1.0	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	10.275	120.1	120.2	3.1	-0.1	0.1	0.8	0.1
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	0.722	108.0	108.0	7.0	0.3	0.3	3.8	0.0
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	3.753	105.2	105.3	3.1	-0.1	0.0	-0.1	0.1
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.544	101.3	101.4	3.4	-0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.234	119.7	119.4	4.2	0.4	0.0	-0.2	-0.3
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.567	127.8	127.5	4.3	0.7	-0.1	-0.3	-0.2
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.409	106.6	105.8	3.2	-0.1	0.1	0.1	-0.8
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.259	136.1	138.0	7.1	0.2	0.4	0.0	1.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2021 to November 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Live animals; animal products	I	2.271	281.0	280.0	0.7	-1.6	-1.2	0.0	-0.4
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.451	224.6	221.1	-4.4	-1.9	-1.2	0.0	-1.6
Vegetable products	II	6.149	289.4	305.2	18.0	-0.8	-2.4	-1.6	5.5
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.850	131.0	136.8	-8.2	-3.4	-5.0	0.6	4.4
Cereals	10	2.002	347.1	358.0	19.6	-3.8	0.1	3.9	3.1
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	2.702	302.0	317.1	22.6	1.3	-2.8	-6.0	5.0
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.016	186.8	185.6	8.2	0.3	1.3	0.9	-0.6
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.587	109.8	109.2	5.7	2.1	-0.3	1.8	-0.5
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)	22	0.452	107.9	107.6	-2.4	-0.1	0.0	-0.4	-0.3
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.959	341.6	335.6	15.2	-1.4	4.6	1.3	-1.8
Mineral products	V	21.710	377.8	371.1	19.1	-4.1	-2.0	1.0	-1.8
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.474	118.6	117.1	-19.8	3.3	-1.3	-6.1	-1.3
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	21.055	366.7	360.1	20.4	-4.3	-2.1	1.2	-1.8
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	11.487	165.5	165.4	4.7	-1.3	-1.3	-0.1	-0.1
Organic chemicals	29	2.750	196.8	197.0	5.3	-4.2	-4.1	-0.2	0.1
Pharmaceutical products	30	3.033	105.8	105.1	-3.2	-0.2	0.3	-0.2	-0.7
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.784	141.3	141.2	3.0	-0.2	0.1	0.2	-0.1
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes	34	0.431	135.4	135.4	3.0	-0.3	-0.4	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.123	185.1	185.0	-0.2	-0.3	-1.9	0.8	-0.1
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	4.602	157.4	157.2	-9.7	-2.0	-1.8	-5.5	-0.1
Plastics and articles thereof	39	3.893	154.9	154.7	-11.4	-2.1	-2.1	-6.4	-0.1
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.709	166.8	166.8	1.3	-0.8	0.2	-0.3	0.0
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.528	117.4	111.3	-14.6	-6.1	-6.2	-3.6	-5.2
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.781	150.3	151.4	4.9	1.5	-0.7	-5.0	0.7
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.628	164.3	166.7	-0.4	4.1	-2.1	-12.2	1.5
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.951	147.9	148.5	10.0	-0.1	0.5	-0.5	0.4
Textile and textile articles	XI	1.656	149.9	146.4	4.6	-0.3	-0.6	-2.3	-2.3
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.727	188.6	179.6	6.0	0.1	-0.8	-4.7	-4.8
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.667	146.0	145.7	10.7	-0.1	0.1	-1.0	-0.2
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.408	113.1	113.1	14.2	-0.1	0.1	1.7	0.0
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.771	313.9	306.6	-0.7	1.9	-2.4	0.1	-2.3
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.368	207.4	207.5	-2.0	-0.6	1.0	-1.3	0.0
Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)	72	1.189	158.5	160.1	-4.8	0.8	4.1	-3.1	1.0
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.497	243.8	242.1	-11.3	-0.1	0.4	0.5	-0.7
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.755	143.8	142.8	-12.0	-4.1	-0.4	-1.0	-0.7
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	23.335	104.7	104.6	3.9	0.0	0.2	-0.1	-0.1
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	13.488	125.5	125.2	4.2	-0.3	0.2	-0.2	-0.2
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	9.848	82.6	82.6	3.4	0.5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	8.180	148.0	148.2	4.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	6.133	124.2	124.3	3.6	0.1	0.1	-0.1	0.1
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.069	114.0	113.8	2.0	-0.2	-0.1	-0.3	-0.2
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.118	134.5	134.0	10.7	-0.1	0.8	1.3	-0.4
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi	94	0.575	150.5	148.8	5.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	-1.1
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.395	113.3	113.3	20.0	-0.2	2.2	3.8	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: November 2021 to November 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
		Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
				Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	148.1	146.0	2.3	-1.6	-1.5	-0.6	-1.4
Nonmanufacturing	12.609	278.7	273.0	-1.1	-9.2	-7.1	-3.6	-2.0
Manufacturing	86.681	137.7	136.0	3.1	-0.3	-0.7	0.0	-1.2
Canada	100.000	188.0	185.3	3.6	-4.3	-2.9	-2.1	-1.4
Nonmanufacturing	33.347	277.2	271.4	-1.2	-9.5	-7.3	-3.6	-2.1
Manufacturing	65.707	167.9	166.0	6.2	-1.2	-0.9	-1.0	-1.1
European Union	100.000	152.7	150.8	2.8	-0.6	-0.6	-0.1	-1.2
Manufacturing	98.853	148.2	146.4	2.9	-0.5	-0.5	-0.2	-1.2
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	143.0	142.2	3.2	-0.4	0.2	0.3	-0.6
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	124.1	123.9	4.1	-0.4	-0.4	0.2	-0.2
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	134.4	131.9	1.1	-0.9	-1.5	0.0	-1.9
Latin America(3)	100.000	170.3	170.2	4.7	-1.5	-0.5	-0.1	-0.1
Nonmanufacturing	16.393	334.6	333.3	5.5	-6.4	-2.0	-3.8	-0.4
Manufacturing	83.325	136.8	136.8	4.4	-0.4	-0.2	0.7	0.0
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	141.7	141.6	3.6	-1.8	0.0	0.0	-0.1
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	9.924	161.7	158.1	-1.6	-14.9	2.3	-5.2	-2.2
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	89.798	96.9	97.1	4.0	0.0	-0.2	0.5	0.2
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	104.5	104.3	1.8	-0.3	-0.3	0.2	-0.2
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	104.5	104.5	1.8	-0.1	0.0	0.4	0.0
Japan	100.000	101.3	101.2	2.2	0.0	0.1	1.1	-0.1
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	111.3	111.1	4.2	-0.4	-0.6	0.1	-0.2
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	98.8	98.6	3.9	-0.9	-1.0	0.5	-0.2
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	103.4	103.2	1.6	-0.6	-0.6	-0.1	-0.2
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	242.0	240.6	12.5	-4.5	-3.6	0.8	-0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: November 2021 to November 2022 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
		Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
				Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	122.2	121.4	5.0	-1.0	-1.1	0.3	-0.7
Nonmanufacturing	15.736	156.9	154.3	7.3	-2.3	-3.7	-2.9	-1.7
Manufacturing	82.700	118.1	117.7	4.7	-0.7	-0.5	0.9	-0.3
Canada	100.000	129.9	129.2	7.4	-0.2	-1.2	1.2	-0.5
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	11.711	159.6	161.9	9.8	2.3	-3.6	-5.3	1.4
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	86.980	120.2	119.3	7.2	-0.5	-0.8	2.0	-0.7
European Union	100.000	119.6	119.3	5.0	-1.5	-1.6	0.5	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing	19.318	150.2	147.8	6.6	-4.9	-6.4	0.9	-1.6
Manufacturing	79.093	114.3	114.1	4.4	-0.7	-0.2	0.4	-0.2
Germany	100.000	113.7	113.2	5.5	-0.3	-0.7	0.2	-0.4
Latin America(3)	100.000	137.2	135.6	9.2	-2.7	-0.9	-0.1	-1.2
Nonmanufacturing	12.637	209.0	197.6	5.6	10.7	0.5	-12.4	-5.5
Manufacturing	86.985	131.5	130.7	9.7	-4.7	-0.8	2.1	-0.6
Mexico	100.000	134.2	131.3	5.0	-1.6	-0.8	-1.1	-2.2
Nonmanufacturing	11.187	197.3	176.8	-1.2	17.0	4.4	-19.3	-10.4
Manufacturing	88.531	129.8	128.3	5.7	-3.9	-1.5	1.8	-1.2
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	119.0	118.7	3.0	-1.1	-1.5	-0.2	-0.3
Nonmanufacturing	25.695	143.0	143.0	3.3	-3.0	-3.9	-0.5	0.0
Manufacturing	72.378	113.8	113.4	3.4	-0.4	-0.5	-0.1	-0.4
China	100.000	113.8	113.3	1.3	-1.5	-2.5	-1.4	-0.4
Nonmanufacturing	33.788	125.2	124.9	5.8	-3.4	-5.7	-3.3	-0.2
Manufacturing	64.873	111.7	111.0	-0.4	-0.4	-0.6	-0.4	-0.6
Japan	100.000	120.9	120.0	4.3	-2.2	-2.2	0.2	-0.7
Nonmanufacturing	31.710	160.9	159.5	15.4	-3.1	-5.5	1.1	-0.9
Manufacturing	66.831	108.2	107.6	-0.4	-1.8	-0.6	-0.2	-0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: November 2021 to November 2022(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
			Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Industrialized Countries(2)	101.0	101.8	2.6	0.7	0.4	0.9	0.8
Canada	90.8	91.6	3.6	4.2	1.7	3.4	0.9
European Union	105.4	106.5	2.2	-0.9	-0.9	0.6	1.0
Germany	105.5	105.2	1.3	0.1	-0.4	0.1	-0.3
Latin America(3)	120.0	118.6	4.3	-1.1	-0.3	0.0	-1.2
Mexico	122.2	119.6	1.3	0.2	-0.8	-1.1	-2.1
Pacific Rim(4)	112.1	112.0	1.3	-0.8	-1.1	-0.4	-0.1
China	109.0	108.5	-0.5	-1.4	-2.5	-1.8	-0.5
Japan	114.0	113.2	2.0	-2.2	-2.3	-0.8	-0.7
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: November 2021 to November 2022 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Oct. 2022(1)	Index		Percent change
		Oct. 2022	Nov. 2022	Annual	Monthly
				Nov. 2021 to Nov. 2022	Jul. 2022 to Aug. 2022	Aug. 2022 to Sep. 2022	Sep. 2022 to Oct. 2022	Oct. 2022 to Nov. 2022
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	283.3	253.6	-37.8	3.5	-1.2	-11.9	-10.5
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	26.426	247.6	242.6	-19.2	-0.6	-0.1	-6.7	-2.0
Asia	73.278	276.9	239.4	-43.6	4.9	-1.5	-13.6	-13.5
Export Air Freight	100.000	197.7	192.8	10.5	-0.4	-1.9	-3.2	-2.5
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	26.016	150.2	149.3	1.2	-6.0	-1.5	-7.9	-0.6
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	52.601	162.7	155.5	18.9	2.9	-4.3	2.4	-4.4
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	211.8	192.4	-33.4	-0.3	-2.5	-9.6	-9.2
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.740	169.6	167.0	-17.6	-3.8	2.0	-6.7	-1.5
Asia	65.469	210.5	181.7	-39.7	1.0	-4.2	-11.5	-13.7
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	228.1	223.2	11.4	-0.1	6.3	-1.2	-2.1
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	26.697	194.7	195.2	19.3	-5.6	-1.1	0.1	0.3
Asia	57.706	271.1	266.8	11.3	2.6	11.4	0.3	-1.6
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	188.1	187.0	12.4	-9.9	4.7	4.4	-0.6
Europe	38.690	210.7	198.7	8.3	-14.4	15.2	3.0	-5.7
Asia	19.700	190.1	182.6	20.1	-8.1	-1.3	-2.8	-3.9
Latin America/Caribbean	12.778	154.3	169.1	39.8	-9.0	-7.1	10.8	9.6
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	190.5	191.0	13.9	-2.4	-3.7	-1.6	0.3
Europe	26.232	223.4	218.1	7.4	-11.3	5.5	-4.3	-2.4
Asia	23.147	203.1	217.1	19.9	10.4	-10.1	-5.0	6.9
Latin America/Caribbean	33.334	192.3	192.1	33.5	-3.3	-6.8	3.3	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

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