U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-21-2144
8:30 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, December 15, 2021

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                              U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - NOVEMBER 2021                              

Prices for U.S. imports rose 0.7 percent in November following a 1.5-percent increase in October, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. In November, both higher fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to 
the advance. U.S. export prices rose 1.0 percent in November, after increasing 1.6 percent in October and 
0.3 percent in September.  

Imports 

U.S. import prices advanced 0.7 percent in November, continuing the upward trend recorded throughout 
2021 with the exception of a 0.2-percent drop in August. The price index for U.S. imports rose 11.7 percent 
over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since the index advanced 12.7 percent for the 
year ended September 2011. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel rose 2.0 percent in November following an 11.1-percent increase the 
previous month. The November advance was driven by higher natural gas prices. Import fuel prices 
increased 86.1 percent from November 2020 to November 2021. The price index for natural gas rose 27.4 
percent in November, after advancing 20.8 percent in October. Those are the largest monthly increases since 
the index rose 44.2 percent in November 2020. Natural gas prices advanced 108.7 percent for the year ended 
in November. Petroleum prices also increased in November, rising 0.4 percent for the month and 85.8 
percent over the past 12 months.  

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports advanced 0.5 percent for the second 
consecutive month in November, the largest 1-month increases since June 2021. In November, higher prices 
for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles more 
than offset lower prices for foods, feeds, and beverages. Nonfuel import prices advanced 6.3 percent for the 
year ended in November, led by rising prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials.         

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 0.3 percent in November, the 
first monthly decrease since May 2021. The November drop was driven by lower prices for meat, fruit, and 
vegetables which more than offset higher coffee prices.          

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 1.6 percent 
in November, after increasing 1.4 percent in October. Higher prices for unfinished metals and chemicals led 
the November advance.            

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories advanced in November. Capital 
goods prices advanced 0.2 percent for the second consecutive month. The November increase was led by 
higher prices for oil drilling, mining, and construction machinery and computers, peripherals, and 
semiconductors. The price indexes for both consumer goods and automotive vehicles also rose 0.2 percent 
in November.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2020
November	0.1	4.4	-0.2	0.8	3.5	0.5
December	1.0	7.3	0.4	1.2	1.0	1.3
2021
January	1.5	9.0	0.9	2.7	6.0	2.3
February	1.2	10.9	0.4	1.6	2.7	1.5
March	1.5	8.0	0.9	2.5	2.4	2.5
April	0.9	1.9	0.8	1.2	0.7	1.2
May	1.3	5.2	0.9	2.3	6.1	1.8
June	1.1	4.9	0.7	1.2	1.4	1.1
July	0.3	2.9	0.0	1.1	-1.7	1.3
August	-0.2	(r)-2.2	0.0	(r)0.2	0.9	(r)0.1
September	0.4	(r)3.6	0.1	(r)0.3	-1.5	(r)0.5
October	(r)1.5	(r)11.1	(r)0.5	(r)1.6	1.0	(r)1.7
November	0.7	2.0	0.5	1.0	0.8	1.0
Nov. 2019 to 2020	-1.0	-24.6	1.6	-1.0	4.3	-1.6
Nov. 2020 to 2021	11.7	86.1	6.3	18.2	21.4	17.8
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports rose 1.0 percent in November following a 1.6-percent advance the previous month. 
Higher prices for both agricultural exports and nonagricultural exports contributed to the overall increase in 
November. U.S. exports increased 18.2 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance 
in the series, which was first published in September 1984. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports increased 0.8 percent in November, after 
rising 1.0 percent in October. The November advance was driven by higher prices for wheat, fruit, cotton, 
and corn which more than offset lower nut and soybean prices. Prices for agricultural exports increased 21.4 
percent for the year ended in November.                      

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices rose 1.0 percent in November following 
a 1.7-percent advance in October. The increase in November was led by higher prices for nonagricultural 
industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles which more than 
offset falling prices for nonagricultural food. The price index for nonagricultural exports advanced 17.8 
percent over the past year, the largest 12-month rise in the series, which was first published in March 1986.

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 
materials advanced 2.0 percent in November, driven by higher prices for fuel, nonferrous metals, and 
chemicals.       

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories increased in November. Capital 
goods prices rose 0.3 percent for the fourth consecutive month. In November, the advance was led by higher 
prices for industrial and service machinery. Prices for consumer goods increased 0.4 percent in November, 
the largest 1-month rise since the index advanced 0.9 percent in June 2021. The price index for automotive 
vehicles ticked up 0.1 percent in November following a 0.4-percent increase the previous month. The 
November advance was driven by higher prices for parts, engines, bodies, and chassis.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: The price index for imports from China advanced 0.3 percent in 
November, after rising 0.2 percent in each of the 2 previous months. Prices for imports from China have not 
recorded a monthly decline since October 2020. Import prices from China increased 4.5 percent over the 
past 12 months, the largest over-the-year advance since the index rose 4.6 percent in September 2008. Prices 
for imports from Japan ticked up 0.1 percent in November following no change in October and September. 
Import prices from Japan advanced 2.1 percent from November 2020 to November 2021. The price index 
for imports from Canada increased 1.2 percent in November, after a 5.8-percent rise the previous month. 
The November advance was led by higher fuel prices. Prices for imports from Canada rose 33.6 percent 
over the past year, the largest 12-month increase since July 2021. Import prices from the European Union 
and Mexico also advanced in November, rising 0.3 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. (See table 7.)
	
Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 1.2 percent in November following a 0.8-
percent advance in October. The November increase was the largest 1-month rise since May. The price 
index for exports to China advanced 12.9 percent for the year ended in November. Prices for exports to 
Japan increased 1.3 percent in November, after rising 1.0 percent the previous month. Export prices to Japan 
advanced 14.5 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since July 2021. The price 
index for exports to Canada rose 0.8 percent in November following increases of 1.4 percent in October and 
1.2 percent in September. Prices for exports to the European Union advanced 0.7 percent in November, after 
rising 1.6 percent the previous month. Export prices to Mexico were unchanged in November following a 
2.1-percent increase in October. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
China increased 0.9 percent in November following a 0.7-percent rise the previous month. In November, 
higher export prices to China more than offset rising import prices from China. U.S. terms of trade with 
China increased 8.1 percent over the past year. U.S. terms of trade with Japan advanced 1.2 percent in 
November and 12.2 percent from November 2020 to November 2021. The index for U.S. terms of trade 
with the European Union rose 0.4 percent in November. In contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada 
declined 0.3 percent in November and U.S. terms of trade with Mexico fell 0.2 percent. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: The index for import air passenger fares rose 0.2 percent in November following a 1.4-percent 
decrease the previous month. Import air passenger fares increased 9.8 percent for the year ended in 
November. Higher European fares over the past year more than offset lower Asian fares. Import air freight 
prices advanced 16.9 percent in November, the largest monthly increase since a 26.2-percent rise in May 
2020. Prices for import air freight rose 36.0 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month advance since 
March 2021. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares advanced 0.9 percent in November, after declining 2.3 percent in 
October and decreasing 8.8 percent in September. The index for export air passenger fares fell 1.0 percent 
for the year ended in November, the first over-the-year decrease since the index declined 5.8 percent from 
August 2019 to August 2020. The 12-month decrease in November was driven by a 16.9-percent drop in 
Asian air passenger fares over the past year. Export air freight prices increased 0.4 percent in November 
following a 1.7-percent rise the previous month. The index has not recorded a monthly decline since July 
2021. Prices for export air freight advanced 10.5 percent for the year ended in November.    
		
U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for December are scheduled for release on Friday, January 14, 2022 
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2020 to November 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
All commodities		100.000	136.9	137.8	11.7	-0.2	0.4	1.5	0.7
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		82.582	105.6	106.2	5.8	-0.1	0.0	0.4	0.6
All imports excluding petroleum		90.005	120.6	121.5	7.0	0.0	0.2	0.6	0.7
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		89.101	124.2	124.8	6.3	0.0	0.1	0.5	0.5
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	6.519	199.7	199.1	13.2	0.6	1.4	0.7	-0.3
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	5.047	215.5	214.2	12.0	1.0	1.5	0.7	-0.6
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.472	165.1	166.4	17.2	-0.6	1.1	0.7	0.8
Industrial supplies & materials	1	26.461	246.7	251.1	43.6	-1.6	0.9	5.2	1.8
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		16.720	203.6	209.3	26.8	-1.2	-0.4	2.3	2.8
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		15.642	225.0	228.7	23.6	-1.2	-0.6	1.4	1.6
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.893	219.3	223.6	21.0	-2.5	-1.8	0.5	2.0
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		6.573	183.8	191.3	36.1	0.9	2.1	5.0	4.1
Fuels & lubricants	10	10.899	288.5	294.3	86.1	-2.2	3.6	11.1	2.0
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	9.995	305.4	306.6	85.8	-2.3	3.4	10.6	0.4
Crude petroleum	10000	6.618	319.8	314.8	87.5	-4.9	4.3	12.0	-1.6
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.806	239.6	294.1	99.3	-0.6	5.4	20.5	22.7
Natural gas	10110	0.698	228.4	290.9	108.7	-0.7	6.5	20.8	27.4
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.514	128.7	121.8	11.4	0.9	0.5	0.5	-5.4
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	5.155	196.7	200.1	30.3	1.3	1.8	3.2	1.7
Selected building materials	13	1.691	180.6	183.0	6.6	-15.8	-10.0	6.8	1.3
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	4.342	346.7	356.9	30.8	1.2	-1.0	-2.1	2.9
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	2.125	203.5	207.3	27.7	0.8	1.2	1.0	1.9
Nonmetals related to durable goods	16	1.735	121.1	121.4	7.2	0.3	0.6	0.7	0.2
Capital goods	2	26.656	90.2	90.4	2.3	0.2	0.0	0.2	0.2
Electric generating equipment	20	3.257	122.8	122.8	1.2	0.1	0.0	0.4	0.0
Nonelectrical machinery	21	20.941	82.0	82.3	2.5	0.1	0.0	0.2	0.4
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	2.458	138.6	139.2	2.6	0.0	0.1	-0.2	0.4
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	15.047	113.6	113.8	2.6	0.3	0.1	0.4	0.2
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	25.317	108.7	108.9	1.9	0.2	0.4	0.1	0.2
Nondurables, manufactured	40	12.735	124.6	124.6	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	11.561	93.6	93.9	3.4	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.3
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	1.021	120.7	123.7	6.2	0.0	0.2	-0.2	2.5
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2020 to November 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
All commodities		100.000	145.1	146.6	18.2	0.2	0.3	1.6	1.0
Agricultural commodities		10.131	226.9	228.8	21.4	0.9	-1.5	1.0	0.8
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		74.270	110.9	111.5	8.5	0.2	-0.1	0.5	0.5
Nonagricultural commodities		89.869	138.9	140.3	17.8	0.1	0.5	1.7	1.0
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	9.323	231.4	232.5	20.6	1.0	-1.7	1.0	0.5
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.845	231.4	232.7	20.9	0.9	-1.9	1.0	0.6
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.478	234.2	233.2	14.8	1.8	2.0	1.6	-0.4
Industrial supplies & materials	1	39.381	205.5	209.8	45.2	0.2	1.0	3.5	2.1
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		10.748	211.2	215.2	17.5	0.4	-0.2	0.1	1.9
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		28.632	200.8	205.1	59.6	0.1	1.5	4.8	2.1
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.259	206.4	212.5	24.9	0.8	0.6	1.6	3.0
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		38.122	205.6	209.8	46.0	0.2	1.0	3.6	2.0
Fuels & lubricants	11	16.407	250.1	258.7	95.2	-0.2	3.6	7.8	3.4
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.773	200.4	202.6	22.7	0.5	-0.8	0.6	1.1
Selected building materials	13	0.941	155.9	154.9	20.9	0.5	1.0	0.6	-0.6
Capital goods	2	31.553	114.8	115.1	3.5	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Electrical generating equipment	20	3.364	127.7	128.2	6.4	0.2	1.1	2.7	0.4
Nonelectrical machinery	21	20.613	97.1	97.3	3.0	0.2	0.3	0.1	0.2
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	7.575	191.7	191.8	3.7	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	8.792	116.4	116.5	1.7	0.1	0.0	0.4	0.1
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	10.951	112.2	112.7	2.4	-0.2	-0.3	0.2	0.4
Nondurables, manufactured	40	5.487	109.5	109.7	1.1	0.0	-0.3	0.4	0.2
Durables, manufactured	41	4.280	109.1	109.4	1.6	0.0	-0.5	0.1	0.3
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.184	102.3	104.6	11.9	-1.3	0.4	-0.4	2.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: November 2020 to November 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Nonmanufacturing		9.601	150.5	152.1	69.4	-2.2	4.4	9.6	1.1
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.024	200.8	201.0	17.1	4.1	3.7	-0.8	0.1
Crop production	111	1.630	211.1	211.4	15.8	5.0	3.9	-1.0	0.1
Mining	21	7.577	150.1	152.0	91.0	-4.0	4.6	12.8	1.3
Oil and gas extraction	211	7.249	149.3	151.4	93.1	-4.4	4.6	13.0	1.4
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2020=100)	212	0.328	146.4	145.8	-	6.0	3.9	6.6	-0.4
Manufacturing		90.027	119.1	119.8	7.6	-0.1	0.1	0.8	0.6
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.213	133.6	133.6	6.4	-0.2	0.5	0.5	0.0
Food manufacturing	311	3.798	177.7	177.2	14.3	-0.8	0.7	1.7	-0.3
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.144	132.8	132.7	3.4	-0.1	0.2	0.1	-0.1
Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)	313	0.354	109.9	109.9	8.6	1.0	1.2	0.6	0.0
Textile product mills	314	0.910	110.6	110.6	3.7	0.5	0.5	-0.9	0.0
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.472	113.8	114.1	1.2	0.4	0.3	-0.1	0.3
Leather and allied product manufacturing	316	1.536	127.7	128.0	3.8	-0.5	0.9	0.1	0.2
Manufacturing, part 2	32	19.597	141.8	143.4	17.4	-0.9	-0.4	2.8	1.1
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2019=100)	321	1.018	143.3	146.4	6.4	-24.6	-17.7	12.0	2.2
Paper manufacturing	322	0.969	119.3	113.9	6.7	0.9	0.2	0.3	-4.5
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	3.055	124.6	130.2	78.1	2.6	1.4	7.0	4.5
Chemical manufacturing	325	11.017	153.6	154.9	12.9	0.6	0.5	2.1	0.8
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.396	128.4	129.1	5.3	1.3	0.9	0.4	0.5
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.963	134.5	134.8	3.1	-0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
Manufacturing, part 3	33	59.216	109.4	110.0	5.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.5
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.877	225.9	232.8	29.4	0.2	-0.9	-1.6	3.1
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.325	143.4	144.9	14.4	1.3	0.8	0.6	1.0
Machinery manufacturing	333	7.478	123.6	123.8	3.0	0.1	0.1	0.5	0.2
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	15.544	73.1	73.2	2.2	0.3	0.1	0.0	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	5.027	121.2	121.8	3.5	0.3	0.2	0.9	0.5
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	16.248	112.6	112.9	2.5	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.695	120.5	121.1	5.2	0.3	0.7	1.1	0.5
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.021	120.2	120.9	0.7	0.0	-0.1	-0.2	0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: November 2020 to November 2021 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Nonmanufacturing		14.922	190.1	197.2	62.8	0.4	2.1	5.0	3.7
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	5.242	198.5	202.3	23.7	1.7	-2.3	0.3	1.9
Crop production	111	4.876	208.3	212.9	23.6	1.7	-2.6	0.2	2.2
Mining	21	9.679	122.9	128.6	96.9	-0.4	5.0	7.8	4.6
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.267	130.2	161.0	80.1	2.2	4.3	6.1	23.7
Manufacturing		83.224	128.5	129.0	11.8	0.2	0.1	1.1	0.4
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.732	165.1	164.9	15.2	0.5	-0.1	1.1	-0.1
Food manufacturing	311	4.878	194.4	194.2	20.3	0.8	-0.1	1.8	-0.1
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.547	132.7	134.6	5.1	-1.7	-1.3	-0.9	1.4
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.396	135.3	136.2	29.2	0.1	0.0	3.0	0.7
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.535	136.7	137.0	30.9	0.4	1.0	0.8	0.2
Paper manufacturing	322	1.459	137.1	137.4	16.5	-0.6	0.0	1.2	0.2
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	6.688	138.5	140.7	89.6	-0.4	1.8	9.0	1.6
Chemical manufacturing	325	13.781	139.0	139.6	17.6	0.3	-0.9	1.2	0.4
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.058	125.0	125.7	8.7	0.3	1.2	1.5	0.6
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.711	123.8	119.6	0.6	0.4	0.3	-0.4	-3.4
Manufacturing, part 3	33	51.095	121.6	122.1	4.4	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.4
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.199	209.4	212.1	16.7	0.5	-0.1	-1.5	1.3
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	2.689	159.2	160.8	7.1	0.9	0.4	0.3	1.0
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.334	135.2	135.8	4.7	0.6	-0.1	0.6	0.4
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	12.027	82.9	82.9	1.7	0.1	0.2	-0.2	0.0
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	3.378	123.8	124.4	4.7	0.0	0.8	2.4	0.5
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	15.434	133.4	133.6	2.8	0.2	0.0	0.3	0.1
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)	337	0.349	132.1	133.3	5.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.9
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	4.686	123.3	124.1	4.0	-0.5	0.0	-0.3	0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2020 to November 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Live animals; animal products	I	1.506	233.7	232.2	21.5	-2.4	0.9	1.9	-0.6
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.457	360.7	344.2	27.2	-6.8	-0.2	5.7	-4.6
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.772	159.6	161.2	22.5	-1.6	2.1	0.6	1.0
Vegetable products	II	1.995	229.9	230.9	13.7	4.2	3.5	-1.0	0.4
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.353	422.5	405.7	-10.2	-0.8	6.1	-0.1	-4.0
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.724	119.2	115.9	17.7	9.1	2.8	-2.9	-2.8
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.414	271.8	288.7	32.6	4.8	3.0	1.8	6.2
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.418	149.9	148.3	47.4	-2.6	2.0	2.1	-1.1
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.986	178.4	178.6	5.7	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.1
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.199	99.9	100.4	0.6	0.8	3.1	-0.4	0.5
Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants	20	0.342	179.5	180.5	7.1	0.5	1.8	0.1	0.6
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.114	146.0	145.9	4.2	0.0	0.3	0.2	-0.1
Mineral products	V	11.129	293.8	299.3	85.8	-2.1	3.7	11.4	1.9
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	10.677	288.0	293.5	87.3	-2.4	3.6	11.8	1.9
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.212	170.8	172.6	11.3	0.5	0.7	1.4	1.1
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.685	424.5	462.2	70.0	-0.8	2.7	0.5	8.9
Organic chemicals	29	2.365	144.4	145.8	18.2	0.9	1.1	1.5	1.0
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.851	150.9	151.1	-2.2	0.3	0.0	-0.2	0.1
Fertilizers (Dec. 2020=100)	31	0.528	214.7	222.3	-	1.8	4.0	18.8	3.5
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.611	114.6	114.8	11.3	0.3	0.7	0.4	0.2
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.738	157.6	158.5	7.6	1.4	0.2	0.6	0.6
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.531	162.7	164.0	12.2	1.1	0.4	0.8	0.8
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.208	150.1	150.3	-1.0	1.8	-0.4	0.3	0.1
Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials	42	0.527	138.2	139.1	6.1	-1.5	1.7	0.4	0.7
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork	IX	1.062	210.7	215.2	6.8	-24.4	-17.7	11.7	2.1
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2019=100)	44	1.038	146.9	150.2	7.2	-24.8	-18.1	12.0	2.2
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	0.992	124.8	118.5	6.1	2.1	0.2	0.1	-5.0
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.637	111.5	106.5	2.6	2.8	-0.5	0.7	-4.5
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.555	116.7	117.0	2.3	0.4	0.3	-0.3	0.3
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted	61	1.823	105.8	106.4	1.5	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.6
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.503	122.7	122.7	0.3	0.0	0.3	-0.2	0.0
Made-up or worn textile articles	63	0.636	105.0	105.0	4.8	0.6	0.5	-0.5	0.0
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.312	126.8	126.7	2.6	0.1	0.7	0.0	-0.1
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.096	124.9	124.9	2.6	0.0	0.7	0.0	0.0
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.843	131.6	131.8	0.3	-0.6	-0.1	0.0	0.2
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.303	98.7	99.2	-	-1.9	0.1	0.2	0.5
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	2.679	221.1	227.2	1.7	0.1	-2.4	-5.2	2.8
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	6.352	226.4	232.8	33.1	1.0	1.0	1.7	2.8
Iron and steel	72	1.269	301.5	311.1	53.9	-0.9	1.3	1.4	3.2
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.881	186.9	195.2	32.6	1.6	1.6	2.2	4.4
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.530	400.3	411.3	30.1	-2.3	-0.2	-2.4	2.7
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.204	189.9	191.5	36.9	2.2	0.8	3.2	0.8
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.410	126.3	127.1	3.8	0.3	0.5	0.1	0.6
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.519	144.4	145.5	8.8	1.4	-0.1	1.1	0.8
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	28.311	81.0	81.2	2.8	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	14.638	87.3	87.5	3.1	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.2
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	13.673	75.1	75.2	2.6	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	13.365	117.0	117.3	2.2	0.1	0.0	0.3	0.3
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	12.226	116.4	116.6	2.3	0.1	0.0	0.4	0.2
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	1.047	100.2	101.1	-	-0.1	0.2	-0.6	0.9
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	3.936	102.3	102.1	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1	0.2	-0.2
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.671	98.3	98.1	-0.4	-0.1	-0.1	0.1	-0.2
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	3.988	114.0	114.4	3.4	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.483	121.5	122.3	4.9	0.3	0.7	0.7	0.7
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.250	101.6	101.6	0.8	0.3	0.0	-0.3	0.0
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.255	129.8	129.9	2.6	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: November 2020 to November 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
			Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
					Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Live animals; animal products	I	2.179	277.4	278.2	28.3	3.4	0.9	1.9	0.3
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.372	229.2	231.8	37.5	3.3	0.5	1.1	1.1
Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)	03	0.295	128.9	128.0	17.6	2.8	2.4	2.2	-0.7
Dairy products, eggs and honey (Dec. 2020=100)	04	0.372	121.7	121.7	-	4.6	0.5	3.9	0.0
Vegetable products	II	4.699	254.7	258.7	19.3	1.1	-2.9	-0.4	1.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.913	147.2	149.6	18.2	4.2	1.3	-0.5	1.6
Cereals	10	1.434	286.9	299.3	38.4	0.2	-5.5	3.0	4.3
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.880	259.6	258.6	13.5	-0.8	-4.2	-2.7	-0.4
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.809	170.8	171.3	9.1	-1.8	-1.0	0.9	0.3
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.560	103.6	102.9	2.6	0.5	-0.6	-0.1	-0.7
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)	22	0.461	110.3	110.2	1.1	-0.2	0.0	0.0	-0.1
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.769	285.7	290.1	23.1	-5.0	-3.2	2.4	1.5
Mineral products	V	16.321	301.3	312.1	94.6	-0.2	3.7	8.2	3.6
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.576	135.5	146.6	45.9	1.3	-1.0	6.5	8.2
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	15.567	289.6	299.6	98.5	-0.4	3.8	8.4	3.5
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.987	156.0	157.8	13.2	1.6	-0.2	1.1	1.2
Inorganic chemicals	28	0.675	155.7	156.0	15.8	2.0	1.7	2.2	0.2
Organic chemicals	29	2.822	184.3	188.0	24.7	4.8	0.6	2.2	2.0
Pharmaceutical products	30	3.034	108.4	108.2	-0.5	-0.4	-0.3	0.4	-0.2
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.809	136.4	137.2	6.9	1.2	-0.7	0.5	0.6
Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes	34	0.398	126.7	133.4	6.4	-0.1	-0.2	0.0	5.3
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.048	185.4	187.3	19.5	0.4	-2.7	1.0	1.0
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	5.467	176.8	175.6	23.0	-0.5	-0.1	1.4	-0.7
Plastics and articles thereof	39	4.663	178.0	176.4	25.6	-0.6	-0.6	1.4	-0.9
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.803	164.4	164.8	9.1	0.3	2.3	1.7	0.2
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.628	130.8	131.1	26.9	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.2
Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products	X	1.858	147.0	145.0	19.1	0.1	0.2	0.5	-1.4
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.725	177.4	169.4	48.2	0.7	0.4	-1.2	-4.5
Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard	48	0.903	133.9	135.0	10.1	-0.4	0.2	2.1	0.8
Textile and textile articles	XI	1.654	135.8	138.5	16.1	0.8	1.1	1.7	2.0
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.586	156.2	165.0	41.9	2.5	2.8	4.8	5.6
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.697	132.4	131.0	0.3	-0.2	-0.1	-0.5	-1.1
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.385	98.9	99.6	0.4	-0.1	-0.1	-0.7	0.7
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.091	305.6	308.9	1.5	-1.0	-1.8	-3.9	1.1
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.976	205.1	211.4	30.2	0.5	0.4	1.7	3.1
Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)	72	1.278	158.5	166.2	-	0.7	1.0	2.1	4.9
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.622	269.2	273.3	35.3	1.1	-1.6	-0.4	1.5
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.904	150.6	162.2	49.5	0.4	1.9	5.0	7.7
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	25.076	100.5	100.7	3.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.2
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.012	119.6	119.9	4.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	10.064	80.0	80.1	1.6	0.1	0.4	0.6	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	11.365	142.2	142.5	3.2	0.3	0.1	0.5	0.2
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	7.361	119.7	119.9	2.9	0.1	0.1	0.6	0.2
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.359	111.4	111.5	1.3	-0.2	0.0	-0.1	0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.169	119.9	120.7	6.3	1.1	0.1	0.0	0.7
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;	94	0.646	139.2	140.5	5.0	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.9
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.379	94.0	94.4	8.5	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: November 2020 to November 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	141.1	142.0	13.2	-1.2	-0.1	2.0	0.6
Nonmanufacturing	11.864	265.0	271.7	88.3	-2.9	3.9	11.4	2.5
Manufacturing	87.298	131.0	131.4	6.8	-1.0	-0.6	0.8	0.3
Canada	100.000	175.4	177.5	33.6	-3.3	-0.3	5.8	1.2
Nonmanufacturing	30.690	263.2	270.4	92.3	-3.2	4.0	11.9	2.7
Manufacturing	68.085	155.1	155.6	16.0	-3.4	-1.9	3.3	0.3
European Union	100.000	146.4	146.8	5.8	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.3
Manufacturing	98.776	142.1	142.4	5.5	0.1	0.1	-0.3	0.2
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	137.0	137.6	6.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	118.4	119.0	4.0	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.5
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	129.6	130.5	7.1	0.6	-0.5	0.0	0.7
Latin America(3)	100.000	161.6	162.4	12.9	0.4	0.4	2.0	0.5
Nonmanufacturing	14.981	315.1	314.7	51.2	-0.1	2.7	7.4	-0.1
Manufacturing	84.761	130.1	130.9	8.1	0.4	0.1	1.1	0.6
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	136.2	136.5	7.5	0.8	0.8	1.0	0.2
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	8.695	162.4	158.3	47.1	3.3	5.6	3.0	-2.5
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	91.069	92.9	93.4	4.9	0.5	0.3	0.9	0.5
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	102.1	102.4	4.5	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	102.4	102.7	4.5	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3
Japan	100.000	98.9	99.0	2.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.1
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	105.1	105.8	7.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.7
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	94.1	94.9	10.5	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.9
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	101.2	101.5	3.4	0.3	0.2	0.5	0.3
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	216.1	219.5	44.8	0.2	3.8	5.2	1.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: November 2020 to November 2021 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	114.7	115.6	11.5	0.0	0.7	1.5	0.8
Nonmanufacturing	13.035	140.9	145.5	51.4	-1.7	2.0	7.7	3.3
Manufacturing	85.567	111.8	112.3	7.4	0.2	0.6	0.8	0.4
Canada	100.000	119.8	120.7	15.0	0.0	1.2	1.4	0.8
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	10.551	147.0	148.9	-	-1.4	2.3	8.4	1.3
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	88.192	110.8	111.6	-	0.2	1.0	0.8	0.7
European Union	100.000	113.3	114.1	10.7	-0.2	0.2	1.6	0.7
Nonmanufacturing	15.185	137.6	142.6	69.6	-2.3	3.0	7.2	3.6
Manufacturing	83.519	109.1	109.3	4.2	0.2	-0.2	0.8	0.2
Germany	100.000	107.3	107.3	0.1	0.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin America(3)	100.000	123.3	123.9	28.0	0.2	-0.2	2.6	0.5
Nonmanufacturing	11.142	182.3	184.7	61.9	2.3	1.1	6.1	1.3
Manufacturing	88.378	118.5	118.9	24.5	0.0	-0.3	2.2	0.3
Mexico	100.000	124.6	124.6	26.8	0.4	-0.2	2.1	0.0
Nonmanufacturing	9.952	183.0	179.4	54.5	4.9	2.0	9.7	-2.0
Manufacturing	89.716	120.6	120.8	24.4	-0.1	-0.5	1.4	0.2
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	113.7	115.3	15.4	-0.2	0.3	1.0	1.4
Nonmanufacturing	18.881	130.9	138.6	57.1	-2.2	-0.2	3.7	5.9
Manufacturing	78.227	109.3	109.7	7.4	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.4
China	100.000	110.6	111.9	12.9	0.5	-0.4	0.8	1.2
Nonmanufacturing	14.917	113.0	117.8	40.9	-1.7	-2.2	1.4	4.2
Manufacturing	82.617	110.9	111.7	8.0	0.7	0.1	0.6	0.7
Japan	100.000	113.8	115.3	14.5	-0.2	0.7	1.0	1.3
Nonmanufacturing	24.148	133.0	138.9	55.0	-3.9	-0.7	5.5	4.4
Manufacturing	74.316	107.7	107.9	5.4	1.2	1.3	0.1	0.2
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: November 2020 to November 2021(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
			Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Industrialized Countries(2)	99.5	99.6	-1.6	1.2	0.7	-0.4	0.1
Canada	89.7	89.4	-13.9	3.4	1.5	-4.2	-0.3
European Union	104.2	104.6	4.6	-0.3	0.0	2.0	0.4
Germany	104.3	103.8	-3.8	0.2	0.0	0.0	-0.5
Latin America(3)	113.6	113.6	13.4	-0.2	-0.6	0.6	0.0
Mexico	118.0	117.8	18.0	-0.3	-1.0	1.1	-0.2
Pacific Rim(4)	109.6	110.8	10.5	-0.5	-0.1	0.6	1.1
China	108.1	109.1	8.1	0.1	-0.6	0.7	0.9
Japan	109.9	111.2	12.2	-0.3	0.6	1.0	1.2
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: November 2020 to November 2021 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Oct. 2021(1)	Index		Percent change
		Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Annual	Monthly
				Nov. 2020 to Nov. 2021	Jul. 2021 to Aug. 2021	Aug. 2021 to Sep. 2021	Sep. 2021 to Oct. 2021	Oct. 2021 to Nov. 2021
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	350.9	410.1	36.0	0.1	4.6	2.2	16.9
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.832	255.8	300.9	24.9	-1.3	1.2	1.7	17.6
Asia	75.168	365.9	426.9	36.3	0.6	6.1	2.0	16.7
Export Air Freight	100.000	175.0	175.7	10.5	1.1	0.8	1.7	0.4
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	29.086	151.4	151.0	7.9	-0.4	1.7	2.0	-0.3
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	48.866	129.7	130.8	14.8	2.9	0.0	2.0	0.8
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	265.0	292.5	27.9	-0.4	3.7	3.1	10.4
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	24.490	177.6	202.9	20.1	-1.1	1.0	1.4	14.2
Asia	75.510	277.1	302.3	28.9	-0.1	5.4	3.2	9.1
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	152.8	249.3	73.0	63.6	-37.8	1.7	63.2
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	32.524	170.4	168.9	7.5	-0.1	2.0	1.6	-0.9
Asia	45.691	140.3	334.8	146.0	141.3	-57.6	2.5	138.6
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	165.9	166.3	9.8	-6.0	4.7	-1.4	0.2
Europe	44.363	180.8	183.4	26.0	-7.0	12.5	2.0	1.4
Asia	26.963	158.4	152.0	-16.6	-10.9	-7.7	-2.3	-4.0
Latin America/Caribbean	6.177	114.5	121.0	2.8	-11.1	-9.0	0.9	5.7
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	166.2	167.7	-1.0	1.6	-8.8	-2.3	0.9
Europe	29.097	201.5	203.0	12.2	-6.5	0.4	-0.7	0.7
Asia	30.226	182.1	181.1	-16.9	12.6	-16.1	-3.4	-0.5
Latin America/Caribbean	21.202	144.0	143.9	-0.7	-4.8	-9.2	-1.5	-0.1
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2019 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
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Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
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