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Economic News Release
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American Time Use Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, June 22, 2023                            USDL-23-1364

Technical information:  (202) 691-6339  *  atusinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/tus
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                        AMERICAN TIME USE SURVEY -- 2022 RESULTS


In 2022, 34 percent of employed persons did some or all of their work at home on days 
they worked, and 69 percent of employed persons did some or all of their work at their 
workplace, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 

These and other results from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) were released today. 
They include the average amount of time per day in 2022 that individuals worked, did 
household activities, and engaged in leisure and sports activities. Additionally, 
measures of the average time per day spent providing childcare--both as a primary 
(or main) activity and while doing other things are provided. For a detailed 
description of ATUS data and methodology, see the Technical Note.

Working (by Employed Persons) in 2022

   --On days they worked, 34 percent of employed persons did some or all of their work 
     at home and 69 percent of employed persons did some or all of their work at their 
     workplace. On average, those who worked at home did so for 5.4 hours on days they 
     worked, and those who worked at their workplace did so for 7.9 hours. 
     (See table 6.)

   --The share of employed persons who spent time working at home on days worked 
     decreased slightly from 38 percent in 2021 to 34 percent in 2022. However, 
     workers were still more likely to work at home in 2022 than in 2019, before the 
     COVID-19 pandemic (34 percent compared with 24 percent). (See table 6.)

   --Workers with higher levels of education were more likely to work at home than were 
     those who had less education. Among workers age 25 and over, 54 percent of employed 
     persons with a bachelor's degree or higher performed some work at home on days 
     worked, compared with 18 percent of those with a high school diploma and no college. 
     Workers with a bachelor's degree or higher were equally likely to work on an average 
     day as were those with a high school diploma and no college (68 percent). 
     (See table 6.)  

   --On days they worked, employed men worked 32 minutes more than employed women. This 
     difference partly reflects women's greater likelihood of working part time. However, 
     even among full-time workers (those usually working 35 hours or more per week), men 
     worked more per day than women--8.3 hours, compared with 7.8 hours. (See table 4.)

   --On days they worked, employed women were more likely than employed men to do some or 
     all of their work at home--41 percent of women, compared with 28 percent of men. On 
     days they worked at home, employed women and men spent the same amount of time doing 
     so (5.4 hours). (See table 6.)

   --Many more people worked on weekdays than on weekend days: 81 percent of employed 
     persons worked on an average weekday, compared with 29 percent on an average weekend 
     day. Employed persons also spent more time working on weekdays than on weekend 
     days--8.0 hours compared with 5.6 hours. (See table 4.)

Household Activities in 2022

   --On an average day, 85 percent of women and 70 percent of men spent some time doing 
     household activities, such as housework, cooking, lawn care, or household management.
     (See table 1.)

   --On the days they did household activities, women spent an average of 2.7 hours on 
     these activities, while men spent 2.2 hours. (See table 1.)

   --On an average day, 22 percent of men did housework--such as cleaning or 
     laundry--compared with 47 percent of women. (See table 1.)

   --On average, more people engaged in housework on weekend days than on weekdays: 
     40 percent compared with 33 percent. However, they were more likely to engage in 
     food preparation and cleanup on weekdays (62 percent) than on weekend days 
     (57 percent). (See table 2.)

Leisure and Sports Activities in 2022

   --On an average day, nearly everyone age 15 and over (95 percent) engaged in some sort
     of leisure and sport activity, such as watching TV, socializing, or exercising. Men 
     spent more time in these activities than did women (5.6 hours, compared with 4.8 hours).
     (See table 1.)

   --On average, adults age 75 and over spent 7.5 hours engaged in leisure and sports 
     activities per day--more than any other age group; those ages 25 to 54 averaged 4.2 
     hours doing leisure and sports activities per day--less than other age groups. 
     (See table 11A.) 

   --Watching TV was the leisure and sports activity that occupied the most time 
     (2.8 hours per day), accounting for over half of all leisure time, on average. 
     (See table 11A.)

   --Playing games and computer use for leisure, and socializing and communicating were the 
     next most common leisure and sports activities after watching TV. On an average day, 
     individuals spent 34 minutes playing games and using a computer for leisure and 34 
     minutes socializing and communicating. They spent twice as much time socializing on 
     weekend days (53 minutes) as on weekdays (25 minutes). (See tables 11A and 11B.)

   --Time spent reading for personal interest and playing games or using a computer for 
     leisure varied greatly by age. On an average day, individuals age 75 and over spent 
     40 minutes reading while those ages 15 to 19 read for 13 minutes. Conversely, 
     individuals age 15 to 19 spent 1 hour and 38 minutes playing games or using a 
     computer on an average day, while those ages 75 and older spent 29 minutes doing so. 
     (See table 11A.) 

   --Employed adults living in households with no children under age 18 engaged in leisure 
     and sports activities for 4.6 hours per day, over an hour more than did employed adults 
     living with a child under age 6 (3.4 hours). (See table 8B.)

Care of Household Children in 2022

   --Adults living in households with children under age 6 spent an average of 2.1 hours per 
     day providing primary childcare to household children. Adults living in households where 
     the youngest child was between the ages of 6 and 17 spent less than half as much time 
     providing primary childcare to household children--49 minutes per day. Primary childcare 
     is childcare that is done as a main activity, such as providing physical care or reading 
     to children. (See table 9.)

   --On an average day, among adults living in households with children under age 6, women 
     spent 1.1 hours providing physical care (such as bathing or feeding a child) to household 
     children; by contrast, men spent 31 minutes providing physical care. (See table 9.)

   --On average, among adults living with children under age 6, those who were not employed 
     spent nearly an hour more per day caring for and helping household children than did 
     employed adults--2.6 hours versus 1.7 hours. (See tables 8B and 8C.)

   --Adults living in households with at least one child under age 13 spent an average of 
     5.3 hours per day providing secondary childcare--that is, they had at least one child in 
     their care while doing activities other than primary childcare. Secondary childcare 
     provided by adults living in households with children under age 13 was most commonly
     provided while doing leisure activities (2.0 hours) or household activities (1.2 hours).
     (See table 10.)

   --Adults living in households with children under age 6 spent about the same amount of time 
     providing primary childcare on an average weekday and weekend day (2.2 hours and 2.0 hours, 
     respectively). However, they spent less time providing secondary childcare on weekdays 
     (4.7 hours) than on weekend days (7.6 hours). (See tables 9 and 10.) 

Additional Data 

ATUS 2022 data files are available for users to do their own tabulations and analyses.
In accordance with BLS and Census Bureau policies that protect the privacy of survey 
respondents, personally identifying information does not appear on the data files. 
The 2022 data files are available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/tus/data.htm.




Technical Note
 

    The estimates in this news release are based on annual average data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS).
The ATUS, which is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), is a 
continuous survey about how individuals age 15 and over spend their time.

    If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications
relay services. 

Survey methodology

    Data collection for the ATUS began in January 2003. Sample cases for the survey are selected monthly, and
interviews are conducted continuously throughout the year. In 2022, approximately 8,100 individuals were
interviewed. Estimates are released annually.

    ATUS sample households are chosen from the households that completed their eighth (final) interview for the
Current Population Survey (CPS), the nation’s monthly household labor force survey. ATUS sample households
are selected to ensure that estimates will be nationally representative.

    One individual age 15 or over is randomly chosen from each sampled household. This "designated person" is 
interviewed by telephone once about his or her activities on the day before the interview--the "diary day."

    All ATUS interviews are conducted using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing. Procedures are in place
to collect information from the small number of households that did not provide a telephone number during
the CPS interview.

    ATUS designated persons are preassigned a day of the week about which to report. Preassignment is designed
to reduce variability in response rates across the week and to allow oversampling of weekend days so that
accurate weekend day measures can be developed. Interviews occur on the day following the assigned day. For
example, a person assigned to report about a Monday would be contacted on the following Tuesday. Ten percent
of designated persons are assigned to report about each of the five weekdays. Twenty-five percent are
assigned to report about each weekend day. Households are called for up to 8 consecutive weeks (for example,
8 Tuesdays) in order to secure an interview.

About the questionnaire

    In the time diary portion of the ATUS interview, survey respondents sequentially report activities 
they did between 4 a.m. on the day before the interview until 4 a.m. on the day of the interview. For each 
activity, respondents are asked how long the activity lasted. For activities other than personal care activities
(such as sleeping and grooming), interviewers also ask respondents where they were and who was in the room
with them (if at home) or who accompanied them (if away from home). If respondents report doing more than 
one activity at a time, they are asked to identify which one was the "main" (primary) activity. If none can
be identified, then the interviewer records the first activity mentioned. After completing the time diary,
interviewers ask respondents additional questions to clearly identify work, volunteering, eldercare, and
secondary childcare activities. Secondary childcare is defined as having a child under age 13 in one’s care
while doing other activities.

    In addition, the ATUS includes an update of the household composition from the last CPS interview (2 to 
5 months prior to the ATUS interview), the labor force status of the respondent, and the employment status
of his or her spouse or unmarried partner.  For respondents who became employed or changed jobs between the
last CPS interview and the ATUS interview, information also is collected on industry, occupation, class of
worker, and earnings. Finally, a question about current school enrollment status is asked of all respondents
ages 15 to 49.

    After completing the interview, primary activity descriptions are assigned a single 6-digit code using the
ATUS Coding Lexicon. The 3-tier coding system consists of 17 major activity categories, each with multiple
second- and third-tier subcategories. These coding lexicon categories are then combined into composite
categories for publication, such as in this news release. Descriptions of categories shown in this release
can be found in the Major activity category definitions section of this Technical Note. The ATUS Coding
Lexicon can be accessed at www.bls.gov/tus/lexicons.htm.

    Because of the complexity of coding everyday activities into narrowly defined lexicon categories, coders
use a comprehensive set of rules to guide their decisions. In order to capture useful and detailed 
information, travel activities are coded according to the purpose of travel. For more information about
coding travel, see Exhibit 5.1 of the ATUS User’s Guide at www.bls.gov/tus/atususersguide.pdf.

Concepts and definitions

    Average day. The average day measure reflects an average distribution across all persons in the reference
population and all days of the week. The ATUS collects data about daily activities from all segments of
the population age 15 and over, including persons who are employed and not employed. Activity profiles 
differ based upon age, employment status, sex, and other characteristics. For example, in 2022, persons
in the United States age 15 and over spent 3.2 hours per day working. By comparison, on an average weekday
they worked, full-time employed persons spent 8.4 hours working. Many activities typically are not done
on a daily basis, and some activities only are done by a subset of the population.

    Average hours per day. The average number of hours spent in a 24-hour day (between 4 a.m. on the diary day
and 4 a.m. on the interview day) doing a specified activity.

 --Average hours per day, population. The average number of hours per day is computed using all responses
   from a given sample of the population, including those of respondents who did not do a particular
   activity on their diary day. These estimates reflect how many persons engaged in an activity and the
   amount of time they spent doing it.

 --Average hours per day, persons who did the activity. The average number of hours per day is computed
   using only responses from those who engaged in a particular activity on their diary day.

    Diary day. The diary day is the day about which the respondent reports. For example, the diary day of
a respondent interviewed on Tuesday is the preceding Monday.

Earnings

 --Usual weekly earnings. Estimates represent the earnings of full-time wage and salary workers with
   one job only (both incorporated and unincorporated self-employed are excluded), before taxes and
   other deductions. They include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received. Usual
   weekly earnings are updated in the ATUS for about 40 percent of wage and salary workers--if the 
   respondent changed jobs or employment status between the CPS and ATUS interviews, or if the CPS
   weekly earnings value was imputed. This means that the earnings information could be out of date
   because the CPS interview was done 2 to 5 months prior to the ATUS interview. Respondents are asked
   to identify the easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly, twice monthly,
   annually, or other) and how much they usually earn in the reported time period. Earnings reported on
   a basis other than weekly are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term "usual" is as perceived by
   the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define
   the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months.

 --Weekly earnings quartiles. The ranges used for the quartiles represent approximately 25 percent of full-
   time wage and salary workers (both incorporated and unincorporated self-employed are excluded) who held 
   only one job. For example, 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers with one job only had weekly
   earnings of $760 or less in 2022. These dollar values vary from year to year.

Employment status

 --Employed. All persons who:

   1) At any time during the 7 days prior to the interview did any work at all as paid employees, or worked
      in their own business or profession or on their own farm; or 

   2) Were not working during the 7 days prior to the interview but had jobs or businesses from which they
      were temporarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, childcare problems, labor-management
      disputes, maternity or paternity leave, job training, or other family or personal reasons, whether or
      not they were paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs; or

   3) Usually worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a family-operated enterprise.

 --Employed full time. Full-time workers are those who usually worked 35 or more hours per week at all jobs
   combined.

 --Employed part time. Part-time workers are those who usually worked fewer than 35 hours per week at all
   jobs combined.

 --Not employed. Persons are not employed if they do not meet the conditions for employment. Those who are
   not employed include individuals classified as unemployed as well as those classified as not in the labor
   force (using CPS definitions).

    The numbers of employed and not employed persons in this release do not correspond to published totals
from the CPS for several reasons. First, the reference population for the ATUS is age 15 and over, whereas
it is age 16 and over for the CPS. Second, ATUS data are collected continuously, the employment reference
period being the 7 days prior to the interview. By contrast, CPS data are usually collected during the week
including the 19th of the month and generally refer to employment during the week containing the 12th of
the month. Finally, the CPS accepts answers from household members about other household members whereas
such proxy responses are not allowed in the ATUS. While the information on employment from the ATUS is 
useful for assessing work in the context of other daily activities, the employment data are not intended
for analysis of current employment trends. Compared with the CPS and other estimates of employment, the
ATUS estimates are based on a much smaller sample and are only available with a substantial lag since ATUS
data and estimates are published during the year following data collection.

    Household children. Household children are children under age 18 residing in the household of the ATUS
respondent. The children may be related to the respondent (such as his or her own children, grandchildren,
nieces or nephews, or brothers or sisters) or not related (such as foster children or children of roommates
or boarders).

    Primary activity. A primary activity is the main activity a respondent was doing at a specified time.
With the exception of secondary childcare in table 10, the estimates presented in this release reflect time
spent in primary activities only.

    Secondary activities. A secondary (or simultaneous) activity is an activity done at the same time as a
primary activity. With the exception of the care of children under age 13, information on secondary activities
is not collected in the ATUS.

    Secondary childcare. Secondary childcare is care for children under age 13 that is done while doing an 
activity other than primary childcare, such as cooking dinner. Secondary childcare estimates are derived by 
summing the durations of activities during which respondents had at least one child under age 13 in their
care while doing other things. The time individuals spend providing secondary childcare is further restricted
to the time between when the first household child under age 13 woke up and when the last household child
under age 13 went to bed. It is also restricted to times the respondent was awake. If respondents report 
providing both primary and secondary care at the same time, the time is attributed to primary care only.

    Weekday, weekend, and holiday estimates. Estimates for weekdays are an average of reports about Monday
through Friday, excluding holidays. Estimates for weekend days and holidays are an average of reports about
Saturdays, Sundays, and the following holidays:  New Year’s Day, Easter, Memorial Day, the Fourth of July,
Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Data were not collected about the Christmas Day in 2022.

Major activity category definitions

    The following definitions describe the activity categories shown in this report. All major time-use 
categories in this release include related travel time and waiting time. For example, time spent "driving
to the stadium" and time spent "waiting to get into the stadium to play ball" are included in Leisure and 
sports. 

    Personal care activities. Personal care activities include sleeping, grooming (such as bathing or
dressing), health-related self-care, and personal or private activities. Receiving unpaid personal care 
from others (for example, "my sister put polish on my nails") also is captured in this category. In general,
respondents are not asked who they were with or where they were for personal care activities, as such 
information can be sensitive.

    Eating and drinking. All time spent eating or drinking (except eating and drinking done as part of a 
work or volunteer activity), whether alone, with others, at home, at a place of purchase, or somewhere else,
is classified here.

    Household activities. Household activities are activities done by individuals to maintain their 
households. These include housework; cooking; lawn and garden care; pet care; vehicle maintenance and 
repair; home maintenance, repair, decoration, and renovation; and household management and organizational
activities (such as filling out paperwork or planning a party). Food preparation, whether or not reported
as done specifically for another household member, is always classified as a household activity unless it
was done as a volunteer, work, or income-generating activity. For example, "making breakfast for my son" 
is coded as a household activity, not as childcare.

    Purchasing goods and services. This category includes time spent purchasing consumer goods, professional
and personal care services, household services, and government services. Consumer purchases include most
purchases and rentals of consumer goods, regardless of the mode or place of purchase or rental (in person,
online, via telephone, at home, or in a store). Gasoline, grocery, other food purchases, and all other 
shopping are further broken out in subcategories.

    Time spent obtaining, receiving, and purchasing professional and personal care services provided by
someone else also is classified in this category. Professional services include childcare, financial services
and banking, legal services, medical and adult care services, real estate services, and veterinary services.
Personal care services include day spas, hair salons and barbershops, nail salons, and tanning salons. 
Activities classified here include time spent paying, meeting with, or talking to service providers, as well
as time spent receiving the service or waiting to receive the service.

    Time spent arranging for and purchasing household services provided by someone else also is classified
here. Household services include housecleaning; cooking; lawn care and landscaping; pet care; tailoring,
laundering, and dry cleaning; vehicle maintenance and repairs; and home repairs, maintenance, and construction.

    This category also captures the time spent obtaining government services--such as applying for food
assistance and purchasing government-required licenses or paying fines or fees.

    Caring for and helping household members. Time spent doing activities to care for or help any child (under
age 18) or adult in the household, regardless of relationship to the respondent or the physical or mental health
status of the person being helped, is classified here. Caring for and helping activities for household children
and adults are coded separately in subcategories.

    Primary childcare activities include time spent providing physical care; playing with children; reading with
children; assisting with homework; attending children's events; taking care of children's health needs; and 
dropping off, picking up, and waiting for children. Passive childcare done as a primary activity (such as
"keeping an eye on my son while he swam in the pool") also is included. A child's presence during the activity
is not enough in itself to classify the activity as childcare. For example, "watching television with my child"
is coded as a leisure activity, not as childcare.

    Secondary childcare occurs when persons have a child under age 13 "in their care" while doing activities
other than primary childcare. For a complete definition, see the Concepts and definitions section of this
Technical Note.

    Caring for and helping household members also includes a range of activities done to benefit adult members
of households, such as providing physical and medical care or obtaining medical services. Doing something as a
favor for or helping another household adult does not automatically result in classification as a helping
activity. For example, a report of "helping my spouse cook dinner" is considered a household activity (food
preparation), not a helping activity, because cooking dinner benefits the household as a whole. By contrast, 
doing paperwork for another person usually benefits the individual, so a report of "filling out an insurance 
application for my spouse" is considered a helping activity.

    Caring for and helping nonhousehold members. This category includes time spent in activities done to care
for or help others--both children (under age 18) and adults--who do not live in the household. When done for 
or through an organization, time spent helping nonhousehold members is classified as volunteering, rather than
as helping nonhousehold members. Care of nonhousehold children, even when done as a favor or helping activity
for another adult, is always classified as caring for and helping nonhousehold children, not as helping another
adult.

    Working and work-related activities. This category includes time spent working, doing activities as part of
one's job, engaging in income-generating activities not as part of one's job, and job search activities. 
"Working" includes hours spent doing the specific tasks required of one's main or other job, regardless of
location or time of day. "Work-related activities" include activities that are not obviously work but are done
as part of one's job, such as having a business lunch and playing golf with clients. "Other income-generating
activities" are those done "on the side" or under informal arrangement and are not part of a regular job. Such 
activities might include selling homemade crafts, maintaining a rental property, or having a yard sale. These
activities are those for which individuals are paid or will be paid. 

    Travel time related to working and work-related activities includes time spent traveling to and from work,
as well as time spent traveling for work-related, income-generating, and job search activities.

    Educational activities. Time spent taking classes for a degree or for personal interest (including attending
school virtually and taking internet or other distance-learning courses), time spent doing research and homework,
and time spent taking care of administrative tasks related to education (such as registering for classes or
obtaining a school ID) are included in this category. For high school students, before- and after-school
extracurricular activities (except sports) also are classified as educational activities. Educational activities
do not include time spent for classes or training received as part of a job. Time spent helping others with their
education-related activities is classified as an activity involving caring for and helping others.

    Organizational, civic, and religious activities. This category captures time spent volunteering for or through
an organization, performing civic obligations, and participating in religious and spiritual activities. Civic
obligations include government-required duties, such as serving jury duty or appearing in court, and activities
that assist or influence government processes, such as voting or attending town hall meetings. Religious activities
include those normally associated with membership in or identification with specific religions or denominations, 
such as attending religious services; participating in choirs, youth groups, or unpaid teaching (unless identified
as volunteer activities); and engaging in personal religious practices, such as praying.

    Leisure and sports. The leisure and sports category includes time spent in sports, exercise, and recreation;
socializing and communicating; and other leisure activities. Sports, exercise, and recreation activities include 
participating in--as well as attending or watching--sports, exercise, and recreational activities. Recreational
activities include yard games like croquet or horseshoes, as well as activities like billiards and dancing.
Socializing and communicating includes face-to-face social communication and hosting or attending social functions.
Leisure activities include watching television; reading; relaxing or thinking; playing computer, board, or card
games; using a computer or the internet for personal interest; playing or listening to music; and other activities, 
such as attending arts, cultural, and entertainment events.

    Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail. This category captures time spent in telephone communication and household or
personal mail or e-mail. This category also includes texting and internet voice and video calling. Telephone and
internet purchases are classified in Purchasing goods and services. Telephone calls, mail, or e-mail identified
as related to work or volunteering are classified as work or volunteering.

    Other activities, not elsewhere classified. This residual category includes security procedures related to traveling,
traveling not associated with a specific activity category, ambiguous activities that could not be coded, and 
missing activities. Missing activities result when respondents did not remember what they did for a period of time,
or when they considered an activity too private or personal to report. 

Processing and estimation

    After ATUS data are collected, they go through an editing and imputation procedure. Responses to CPS questions
that are re-asked in the ATUS go through the regular CPS edit and imputation procedures. Some item nonresponses for
questions unique to the ATUS (such as where an activity took place or how much time was spent doing secondary
childcare) also are imputed. Missing activities and missing values for who was present during an activity are never
imputed.

    ATUS records are weighted quarterly to reduce bias in the estimates due to differences in sampling and response
rates across subpopulations and days of the week. Specifically, the data are weighted to ensure the following:

 --Weekdays represent about 5/7 of the weighted data, and weekend days represent about 2/7 of the weighted data for
the population as a whole and for selected subpopulations. The actual proportions depend on the number of weekdays
and weekend days in a given quarter.

 --The sum of the weights is equal to the number of person-days in the quarter for the population as a whole and
for selected subpopulations.

Reliability of the estimates

    Statistics based on the ATUS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the
entire population, is surveyed, estimates differ from the true population values they represent. The component of
this difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate.

    Sample estimates from a given survey design are unbiased when an average of the estimates from all possible
samples would yield, hypothetically, the true population value. In this case, the sample estimate and its standard
error can be used to construct approximate confidence intervals, or ranges of values that include the true population
value with known probabilities. If the process of selecting a sample from the population were repeated many times,
an estimate made from each sample, and a suitable estimate of its standard error calculated for each sample, then
approximately  90   percent   of   the   intervals   from   1.645 standard errors below the estimate to 1.645 standard
errors above the estimate would include the true population value. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent
level of confidence.

    The ATUS data also are affected by nonsampling error, which is the average difference between population and sample
values for samples generated by a given process. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including failure to
sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all persons in the sample, inability or 
unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
Errors also could occur if nonresponse is correlated with time use.

Publication requirements

    Estimates of average hours per day and participation rates are not published unless there are a minimum number of
respondents representing the given population. Additional publication criteria are applied that include the number of
respondents who reported doing a specified activity and the standard error or coefficient of variation for the estimate.
Estimates that are considered "close to zero" or that round to 0.00, are published as approximately zero or "z". For a
detailed description of the statistical reliability criteria necessary for publication, please contact ATUS staff at
ATUSinfo@bls.gov.




Table 1. Time spent in primary activities and percent of the civilian population engaging in each activity, averages per day
by sex, 2022 annual averages
Activity Average hours per day, civilian population
Average percent engaged in the activity per day
Average hours per day for persons who engaged in the activity
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total, all activities(1)

24.00 24.00 24.00 - - - - - -

Personal care activities

9.78 9.54 10.02 99.9 99.9 99.9 9.79 9.55 10.02

Sleeping(2)

9.02 8.90 9.13 99.9 99.9 99.9 9.03 8.91 9.14

Eating and drinking

1.23 1.25 1.22 96.1 96.0 96.1 1.28 1.30 1.26

Household activities

1.89 1.51 2.26 78.1 70.3 85.4 2.43 2.15 2.65

Housework

0.57 0.31 0.82 35.0 22.2 47.1 1.63 1.40 1.73

Food preparation and cleanup

0.65 0.42 0.87 60.6 49.9 70.8 1.07 0.83 1.23

Lawn and garden care

0.18 0.24 0.12 9.0 10.3 7.7 2.01 2.34 1.58

Household management

0.14 0.12 0.16 16.7 13.7 19.6 0.84 0.88 0.81

Purchasing goods and services

0.66 0.60 0.72 39.1 36.4 41.6 1.70 1.65 1.74

Consumer goods purchases

0.31 0.27 0.35 35.4 32.7 38.0 0.89 0.83 0.93

Professional and personal care services

0.08 0.07 0.09 6.5 5.0 7.9 1.23 1.35 1.16

Caring for and helping household members

0.48 0.31 0.64 21.6 16.9 26.1 2.21 1.83 2.44

Caring for and helping household children

0.36 0.23 0.48 17.8 13.6 21.9 1.99 1.67 2.19

Caring for and helping nonhousehold members

0.18 0.13 0.22 8.8 6.8 10.7 2.01 1.92 2.06

Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults

0.07 0.06 0.08 6.0 4.9 7.0 1.11 1.13 1.10

Working and work-related activities

3.50 4.12 2.90 43.7 49.7 37.9 8.01 8.29 7.66

Working

3.23 3.77 2.71 42.1 47.7 36.8 7.66 7.91 7.35

Educational activities

0.44 0.41 0.46 8.0 8.0 8.0 5.46 5.15 5.75

Attending class

0.24 0.22 0.25 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.93 4.54 5.31

Homework and research

0.15 0.15 0.16 5.4 5.3 5.5 2.88 2.83 2.93

Organizational, civic, and religious activities

0.26 0.23 0.29 11.9 9.6 14.2 2.20 2.42 2.05

Religious and spiritual activities

0.13 0.11 0.15 8.5 6.7 10.2 1.54 1.58 1.51

Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)

0.10 0.09 0.11 4.4 3.4 5.3 2.26 2.63 2.04

Leisure and sports

5.20 5.58 4.84 95.0 95.8 94.2 5.47 5.82 5.14

Socializing and communicating

0.56 0.51 0.61 28.7 26.8 30.4 1.95 1.90 1.99

Watching television

2.79 3.06 2.53 76.5 78.5 74.6 3.65 3.90 3.40

Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation

0.29 0.33 0.25 20.1 21.2 19.1 1.44 1.55 1.31

Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail

0.17 0.12 0.21 18.5 14.7 22.2 0.89 0.82 0.95

Other activities, not elsewhere classified

0.21 0.20 0.22 16.3 14.9 17.6 1.30 1.34 1.27

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Includes naps and spells of sleeplessness.

- Not applicable.
NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. Data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Table 2. Time spent in primary activities and percent of the civilian population engaging in each
activity, averages per day on weekdays and weekends, 2022 annual averages
Activity Average hours per day, civilian
population
Average percent engaged in the
activity per day
Average hours per day for persons
who engaged in the activity
Weekdays Weekends
and
holidays
Weekdays Weekends
and
holidays
Weekdays Weekends
and
holidays

Total, all activities(1)

24.00 24.00 - - - -

Personal care activities

9.54 10.37 99.9 99.9 9.54 10.38

Sleeping(2)

8.75 9.64 99.9 99.8 8.76 9.66

Eating and drinking

1.18 1.35 96.3 95.6 1.22 1.42

Household activities

1.74 2.27 77.8 78.6 2.23 2.88

Housework

0.49 0.75 32.7 40.3 1.51 1.85

Food preparation and cleanup

0.63 0.68 62.1 57.1 1.02 1.20

Lawn and garden care

0.15 0.26 8.2 10.9 1.81 2.36

Household management

0.13 0.16 16.8 16.6 0.80 0.94

Purchasing goods and services

0.63 0.74 38.3 40.9 1.65 1.81

Consumer goods purchases

0.27 0.41 33.6 39.8 0.81 1.04

Professional and personal care services

0.10 0.03 8.0 3.0 1.27 1.02

Caring for and helping household members

0.51 0.41 23.2 17.9 2.19 2.27

Caring for and helping household children

0.36 0.34 19.1 14.7 1.89 2.31

Caring for and helping nonhousehold members

0.16 0.21 8.5 9.6 1.93 2.17

Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults

0.06 0.09 5.5 7.0 1.02 1.29

Working and work-related activities

4.51 1.13 54.0 19.4 8.35 5.82

Working

4.17 1.01 52.2 18.3 7.98 5.54

Educational activities

0.55 0.16 9.2 5.0 5.99 3.19

Attending class

0.33 0.01 6.6 0.5 5.00 2.82

Homework and research

0.16 0.14 5.8 4.4 2.78 3.20

Organizational, civic, and religious activities

0.20 0.40 10.4 15.5 1.95 2.58

Religious and spiritual activities

0.09 0.24 6.8 12.5 1.25 1.90

Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)

0.09 0.11 4.3 4.6 2.20 2.41

Leisure and sports

4.60 6.60 94.3 96.7 4.89 6.82

Socializing and communicating

0.42 0.88 26.2 34.5 1.62 2.54

Watching television

2.50 3.47 74.9 80.3 3.34 4.32

Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation

0.27 0.35 21.0 18.2 1.27 1.90

Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail

0.17 0.15 19.5 16.2 0.88 0.94

Other activities, not elsewhere classified

0.21 0.22 17.1 14.2 1.21 1.54

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Includes naps and spells of sleeplessness.

- Not applicable.
NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. Data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Table 3. Time spent in primary activities for the civilian population by age, sex, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, marital status, and
educational attainment, 2022 annual averages
Characteristic Average hours per day spent in primary activities(1)
Personal
care
activities
Eating and
drinking
Household
activities
Purchasing
goods and
services
Caring for
and
helping
household
members
Caring for
and
helping
non-
household
members
Working
and work-
related
activities
Educational
activities
Organizational,
civic, and
religious activities
Leisure
and sports
Telephone
calls, mail,
and e-mail
Other
activities,
not
elsewhere
classified

Age and sex

Total, 15 years and over

9.78 1.23 1.89 0.66 0.48 0.18 3.50 0.44 0.26 5.20 0.17 0.21

15 to 19 years

10.53 1.24 0.79 0.43 0.13 0.09 1.13 3.46 0.18 5.67 0.15 0.20

20 to 24 years

10.40 1.21 1.16 0.51 0.22 0.09 3.43 1.03 0.14 5.43 0.17 0.21

25 to 34 years

9.86 1.24 1.68 0.58 0.82 0.11 4.90 0.19 0.16 4.15 0.11 0.21

35 to 44 years

9.46 1.18 1.80 0.62 1.21 0.13 4.78 0.13 0.16 4.15 0.12 0.25

45 to 54 years

9.50 1.16 1.98 0.69 0.48 0.15 5.16 0.07 0.27 4.20 0.14 0.19

55 to 64 years

9.51 1.23 2.13 0.82 0.18 0.30 3.86 0.05 0.28 5.28 0.16 0.19

65 to 74 years

9.72 1.26 2.61 0.79 0.08 0.31 1.27 0.05 0.46 6.99 0.25 0.19

75 years and over

10.09 1.42 2.54 0.71 0.13 0.17 0.41 (2)- 0.48 7.48 0.29 0.27

Men, 15 years and over

9.54 1.25 1.51 0.60 0.31 0.13 4.12 0.41 0.23 5.58 0.12 0.20

15 to 19 years

10.41 1.13 0.67 0.27 0.09 0.03 1.37 3.01 0.20 6.51 0.16 0.14

20 to 24 years

9.86 1.27 0.71 0.40 0.07 (3)- 4.05 1.01 (3)- 6.06 0.19 0.20

25 to 34 years

9.66 1.22 1.31 0.50 0.39 0.13 5.59 0.19 0.20 4.53 0.08 0.19

35 to 44 years

9.23 1.24 1.43 0.57 0.83 0.14 5.38 0.09 0.12 4.65 0.09 0.23

45 to 54 years

9.33 1.15 1.49 0.64 0.37 0.10 6.04 (3)- 0.24 4.27 0.09 0.18

55 to 64 years

9.19 1.25 1.85 0.83 0.16 0.17 4.56 (3)- 0.20 5.49 0.10 0.17

65 to 74 years

9.45 1.34 2.23 0.73 0.07 0.25 1.65 0.05 0.41 7.47 0.16 0.20

75 years and over

9.93 1.49 2.08 0.69 0.07 0.14 0.54 (2)- 0.42 8.11 0.20 0.33

Women, 15 years and over

10.02 1.22 2.26 0.72 0.64 0.22 2.90 0.46 0.29 4.84 0.21 0.22

15 to 19 years

10.65 1.35 0.91 0.60 0.17 0.15 0.87 3.94 (3)- 4.78 0.15 (3)-

20 to 24 years

10.94 1.14 1.60 0.62 0.37 0.15 2.82 1.05 (3)- 4.80 0.14 0.22

25 to 34 years

10.05 1.26 2.05 0.66 1.24 0.09 4.21 0.19 0.12 3.77 0.14 0.22

35 to 44 years

9.68 1.12 2.17 0.68 1.59 0.12 4.19 0.18 0.19 3.65 0.16 0.26

45 to 54 years

9.68 1.17 2.46 0.74 0.59 0.19 4.29 0.04 0.31 4.13 0.20 0.20

55 to 64 years

9.82 1.21 2.40 0.81 0.20 0.42 3.20 0.05 0.36 5.09 0.22 0.22

65 to 74 years

9.96 1.19 2.95 0.85 0.09 0.37 0.93 0.05 0.51 6.57 0.34 0.18

75 years and over

10.21 1.37 2.89 0.73 (3)- 0.20 0.31 (2)- 0.53 7.01 0.35 0.22

Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

White, 15 years and over

9.69 1.25 2.01 0.66 0.47 0.19 3.49 0.40 0.27 5.20 0.16 0.21

Men

9.47 1.27 1.61 0.59 0.30 0.13 4.14 0.38 0.24 5.56 0.11 0.20

Women

9.91 1.23 2.40 0.73 0.64 0.25 2.87 0.41 0.29 4.86 0.20 0.22

Black or African American, 15 years and over

10.30 1.00 1.37 0.76 0.39 0.13 3.43 0.40 0.32 5.50 0.21 0.20

Men

9.85 0.98 1.07 0.74 0.19 0.16 3.88 0.26 0.26 6.30 0.12 0.21

Women

10.67 1.02 1.63 0.77 0.55 0.11 3.06 (3)- 0.38 4.83 0.28 0.18

Asian, 15 years and over

9.82 1.47 1.52 0.58 0.63 0.12 3.74 0.88 0.15 4.61 0.22 0.25

Men

9.78 1.49 1.21 0.57 0.54 0.12 4.22 (3)- 0.12 4.51 0.22 0.25

Women

9.85 1.45 1.84 0.60 0.73 0.12 3.26 (3)- 0.17 4.70 0.22 0.26

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 15 years and over

10.11 1.20 1.87 0.63 0.56 0.14 4.12 0.50 0.23 4.35 0.11 0.18

Men

9.73 1.21 1.18 0.54 0.26 0.12 5.16 (3)- 0.15 4.97 0.11 0.11

Women

10.48 1.20 2.58 0.73 0.87 0.17 3.07 0.53 0.31 3.72 0.11 0.25

Marital status and sex

Married, spouse present

9.48 1.30 2.23 0.73 0.72 0.19 3.67 0.07 0.30 4.93 0.14 0.22

Men

9.21 1.32 1.79 0.67 0.50 0.14 4.49 0.08 0.28 5.21 0.10 0.21

Women

9.75 1.29 2.66 0.79 0.94 0.24 2.87 0.06 0.32 4.65 0.19 0.23

Other marital statuses

10.09 1.16 1.55 0.59 0.23 0.16 3.33 0.80 0.22 5.48 0.19 0.20

Men

9.88 1.17 1.21 0.53 0.11 0.13 3.74 0.75 0.18 5.96 0.14 0.19

Women

10.29 1.15 1.86 0.65 0.33 0.20 2.94 0.86 0.26 5.02 0.23 0.22

Educational attainment, 25 years and over

Less than a high school diploma

9.96 1.13 2.37 0.64 0.60 0.21 3.17 (3)- 0.23 5.26 0.08 0.20

High school graduates, no college

9.82 1.15 2.05 0.67 0.36 0.20 3.45 0.03 0.22 5.75 0.15 0.17

Some college or associate degree

9.68 1.18 2.17 0.71 0.47 0.25 3.62 0.10 0.31 5.14 0.17 0.21

Bachelor's degree and higher

9.47 1.34 1.96 0.72 0.67 0.16 4.10 0.12 0.32 4.69 0.20 0.25

Bachelor's degree only

9.50 1.33 1.95 0.71 0.65 0.16 3.97 0.15 0.32 4.83 0.19 0.23

Advanced degree

9.42 1.36 1.98 0.74 0.70 0.15 4.29 0.08 0.32 4.49 0.21 0.27

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Estimate is approximately zero.
(3) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.

NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.


Table 4. Employed persons working and time spent working on days worked by full- and part-time status and sex, jobholding status, educational attainment, and day of week, 2022 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Total Employed Employed persons who worked on an average day Employed persons who worked on an average weekday Employed persons who worked on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday
Number Percent of employed Average hours of work Number(1) Percent of employed Average hours of work Number(2) Percent of employed Average hours of work

Full- and part-time status and sex

Total, 15 years and over(3)

170,196 112,477 66.1 7.69 138,311 81.3 8.01 49,953 29.4 5.55

Full-time workers

135,315 95,152 70.3 8.08 118,242 87.4 8.42 38,819 28.7 5.57

Part-time workers

34,881 17,324 49.7 5.52 19,973 57.3 5.54 11,110 31.9 5.48

Men(3)

90,550 62,346 68.9 7.93 76,933 85.0 8.23 27,725 30.6 5.91

Full-time workers

75,995 54,282 71.4 8.29 67,698 89.1 8.61 22,596 29.7 5.99

Part-time workers

14,555 8,063 55.4 5.49 9,263 63.6 5.48 5,144 35.3 5.51

Women(3)

79,646 50,131 62.9 7.39 61,419 77.1 7.72 22,193 27.9 5.08

Full-time workers

59,320 40,870 68.9 7.80 50,572 85.3 8.16 16,180 27.3 4.94

Part-time workers

20,326 9,261 45.6 5.56 10,693 52.6 5.58 5,988 29.5 5.45

Jobholding status

Single jobholders

154,620 100,043 64.7 7.65 124,227 80.3 7.94 41,579 26.9 5.55

Multiple jobholders

15,576 12,434 79.8 7.95 14,079 90.4 8.54 8,408 54.0 5.54

Educational attainment, 25 years and over

Less than a high school diploma

9,983 7,253 72.6 7.88 8,560 85.7 7.98 (4)- (4)- 7.19

High school graduates, no college

35,915 24,499 68.2 8.13 30,133 83.9 8.38 10,713 29.8 6.39

Some college or associate degree

30,689 20,606 67.1 7.78 25,595 83.4 8.00 8,518 27.8 6.14

Bachelor's degree and higher

69,796 47,748 68.4 7.58 60,162 86.2 8.00 18,923 27.1 4.48

Bachelor's degree only

39,468 26,513 67.2 7.61 33,640 85.2 7.96 10,352 26.2 5.05

Advanced degree

30,327 21,235 70.0 7.55 26,516 87.4 8.06 8,585 28.3 3.78

Footnotes
(1) Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average weekday.
(2) Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday.
(3) Includes workers whose hours vary.
(4) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.

NOTE: Includes work at main and other job(s), and excludes travel related to work. Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Table 5. Employed persons working on main job and time spent working on days worked by class of worker, occupation, earnings, and day of week, 2022 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Total Employed Employed persons who worked on an average day Employed persons who worked on an average weekday Employed persons who worked on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday
Number Percent of employed Average hours of work Number(1) Percent of employed Average hours of work Number(2) Percent of employed Average hours of work

Class of worker (main job only)

Wage and salary workers

159,064 104,289 65.6 7.67 129,548 81.4 7.96 42,648 26.8 5.55

Self-employed workers(3)

10,641 6,388 60.0 6.84 7,588 71.3 7.25 3,950 37.1 5.21

Occupation (main job only)

Management, business, and financial operations

32,948 22,590 68.6 7.75 28,823 87.5 8.06 6,969 21.2 4.51

Professional and related

44,304 28,676 64.7 7.36 36,622 82.7 7.85 11,485 25.9 4.03

Service

25,083 15,114 60.3 7.50 17,677 70.5 7.65 9,204 36.7 6.86

Sales and related

13,976 9,502 68.0 7.40 10,418 74.5 7.72 6,690 47.9 5.89

Office and administrative support

18,135 10,908 60.1 7.34 14,428 79.6 7.41 2,469 13.6 6.35

Farming, fishing, and forestry

(4)- (4)- (4)- 8.36 (4)- (4)- 9.05 (4)- (4)- 4.23

Construction and extraction

6,918 4,573 66.1 7.91 6,003 86.8 8.33 1,441 20.8 4.01

Installation, maintenance, and repair

6,064 4,342 71.6 8.23 (4)- (4)- 8.46 (4)- (4)- 6.82

Production

7,999 5,407 67.6 7.94 6,888 86.1 8.17 1,775 22.2 5.74

Transportation and material moving

12,262 8,406 68.6 8.22 9,960 81.2 8.32 4,300 35.1 7.59

Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage
and salary workers
(single jobholders only)(5)

$0 - $760

28,282 19,111 67.6 7.87 23,847 84.3 7.96 7,980 28.2 7.24

$761 - $1,160

28,464 19,953 70.1 8.20 25,071 88.1 8.47 6,506 22.9 5.46

$1,161 - $1,810

28,389 19,189 67.6 8.22 24,853 87.5 8.44 5,323 18.8 5.80

$1,811 and higher

28,165 19,396 68.9 7.89 24,736 87.8 8.48 7,034 25.0 3.13

Footnotes
(1) Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average weekday.
(2) Number was derived by multiplying the "Total employed" by the percent of employed persons who worked on an average Saturday, Sunday, and holiday.
(3) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated. Self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated are classified as wage and salary
workers.
(4) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
(5) The earnings data are limited to wage and salary workers (both incorporated and unincorporated self-employed workers
are excluded). Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers who held only one job.

NOTE: Includes work at main job only and excludes travel related to work. Data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Table 6. Employed persons working at home, workplace, and time spent working at each location by full- and part-time status and sex, jobholding status, and educational attainment, 2022 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Total Employed Employed persons who worked on an average day Employed persons who worked at their workplace on an average day(1) Employed persons who worked at home on an average day(1)(2)
Number Percent of employed Average hours of work Number Percent of those who worked Average hours of work at workplace Number Percent of those who worked Average hours of work at home

Full- and part-time status and sex

Total, 15 years and over(3)

170,196 112,477 66.1 7.69 77,303 68.7 7.88 38,028 33.8 5.41

Full-time workers

135,315 95,152 70.3 8.08 65,495 68.8 8.22 33,156 34.8 5.71

Part-time workers

34,881 17,324 49.7 5.52 11,808 68.2 6.02 4,873 28.1 3.33

Men(3)

90,550 62,346 68.9 7.93 45,620 73.2 8.04 17,487 28.0 5.41

Full-time workers

75,995 54,282 71.4 8.29 39,920 73.5 8.36 15,676 28.9 5.68

Part-time workers

14,555 8,063 55.4 5.49 5,701 70.7 5.84 1,811 22.5 3.14

Women(3)

79,646 50,131 62.9 7.39 31,682 63.2 7.65 20,542 41.0 5.41

Full-time workers

59,320 40,870 68.9 7.80 25,576 62.6 7.99 17,480 42.8 5.75

Part-time workers

20,326 9,261 45.6 5.56 6,107 65.9 6.19 3,062 33.1 3.44

Jobholding status

Single jobholders

154,620 100,043 64.7 7.65 69,399 69.4 7.84 32,801 32.8 5.57

Multiple jobholders

15,576 12,434 79.8 7.95 7,904 63.6 8.26 5,228 42.0 4.40

Educational attainment, 25 years and over

Less than a high school diploma

9,983 7,253 72.6 7.88 6,849 94.4 7.87 579 8.0 4.18

High school graduates, no college

35,915 24,499 68.2 8.13 20,331 83.0 8.10 4,296 17.5 5.46

Some college or associate degree

30,689 20,606 67.1 7.78 15,409 74.8 7.96 5,945 28.9 5.19

Bachelor's degree and higher

69,796 47,748 68.4 7.58 24,863 52.1 7.92 25,647 53.7 5.51

Bachelor's degree only

39,468 26,513 67.2 7.61 14,380 54.2 7.96 13,353 50.4 5.62

Advanced degree

30,327 21,235 70.0 7.55 10,484 49.4 7.85 12,294 57.9 5.39

Footnotes
(1) Individuals may have worked at more than one location.
(2) Working at home includes any time persons did work at home and is not restricted to persons whose usual workplace is their home.
(3) Includes workers whose hours vary.

NOTE: Includes work at main and other job(s) and at locations other than home or workplace. Excludes travel related to work. Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Table 7. Employed persons working on main job at home, workplace, and time spent working at each location by class of worker, occupation, and earnings, 2022 annual averages [Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Total Employed Employed persons who worked on an average day Employed persons who worked at their workplace on an average day(1) Employed persons who worked at home on an average day(1)(2)
Number Percent of employed Average hours of work Number Percent of those who worked Average hours of work at workplace Number Percent of those who worked Average hours of work at home

Class of worker (main job only)

Wage and salary workers

159,064 104,289 65.6 7.67 72,687 69.7 7.85 33,396 32.0 5.56

Self-employed workers(3)

10,641 6,388 60.0 6.84 3,613 56.6 7.22 3,035 47.5 4.69

Occupation (main job only)

Management, business, and financial operations

32,948 22,590 68.6 7.75 11,256 49.8 7.97 12,683 56.1 6.19

Professional and related

44,304 28,676 64.7 7.36 16,349 57.0 7.74 13,907 48.5 5.12

Service

25,083 15,114 60.3 7.50 13,000 86.0 7.65 1,698 11.2 4.40

Sales and related

13,976 9,502 68.0 7.40 7,425 78.1 7.64 2,458 25.9 4.75

Office and administrative support

18,135 10,908 60.1 7.34 7,060 64.7 7.61 3,436 31.5 6.05

Farming, fishing, and forestry

(4)- (4)- (4)- 8.36 (4)- (4)- 7.76 (4)- (4)- 6.60

Construction and extraction

6,918 4,573 66.1 7.91 4,099 89.6 8.20 620 13.6 3.09

Installation, maintenance, and repair

6,064 4,342 71.6 8.23 3,931 90.5 8.15 251 5.8 (4)-

Production

7,999 5,407 67.6 7.94 5,011 92.7 7.93 514 9.5 3.38

Transportation and material moving

12,262 8,406 68.6 8.22 7,406 88.1 8.00 296 3.5 (4)-

Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage
and salary workers
(single jobholders only)(5)

$0 - $760

28,282 19,111 67.6 7.87 16,601 86.9 7.91 2,617 13.7 5.43

$761 - $1,160

28,464 19,953 70.1 8.20 14,885 74.6 8.43 5,021 25.2 6.16

$1,161 - $1,810

28,389 19,189 67.6 8.22 13,304 69.3 8.18 7,205 37.5 5.45

$1,811 and higher

28,165 19,396 68.9 7.89 9,596 49.5 8.33 10,936 56.4 6.20

Footnotes
(1) Individuals may have worked at more than one location.
(2) Working at home includes any time persons did work at home and is not restricted to persons whose usual workplace is their home.
(3) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are unincorporated. Self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated are classified as wage and salary workers.
(4) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
(5) The earnings data are limited to wage and salary workers (both incorporated and unincorporated self-employed workers
are excluded). Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers who held only one job.

NOTE: Includes work at main job only and at locations other than home or workplace. Excludes travel related to work. Data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Table 8A. Time spent in primary activities for the civilian population 18 years and over by presence and age of youngest household child and sex, 2022 annual averages, total
Activity Average hours per day spent in primary activities
Household child under 18 No household children under 18
Total Youngest household child
under 6
Youngest household child
6 to 17
Total Men Women
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total, all activities(1)

24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00

Personal care activities

9.64 9.27 9.96 9.64 9.17 10.02 9.64 9.33 9.92 9.79 9.58 10.01

Sleeping(2)

8.88 8.67 9.07 8.92 8.62 9.15 8.86 8.70 9.00 9.03 8.92 9.14

Eating and drinking

1.19 1.21 1.18 1.22 1.31 1.15 1.17 1.14 1.20 1.25 1.28 1.23

Household activities

1.91 1.42 2.33 1.98 1.49 2.38 1.86 1.38 2.30 1.99 1.64 2.34

Housework

0.59 0.29 0.84 0.62 0.36 0.83 0.56 0.25 0.85 0.59 0.34 0.84

Food preparation and cleanup

0.79 0.44 1.09 0.87 0.46 1.21 0.74 0.43 1.01 0.62 0.43 0.81

Lawn and garden care

0.13 0.22 0.06 0.14 0.27 0.05 0.12 0.18 0.07 0.22 0.27 0.16

Household management

0.10 0.09 0.12 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.12 0.09 0.15 0.16 0.14 0.19

Purchasing goods and services

0.67 0.61 0.71 0.54 0.44 0.61 0.75 0.72 0.78 0.68 0.62 0.73

Consumer goods purchases

0.34 0.32 0.35 0.26 0.22 0.30 0.38 0.38 0.39 0.31 0.26 0.36

Professional and personal care services

0.06 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.11

Caring for and helping household members

1.38 0.93 1.77 2.16 1.48 2.70 0.85 0.57 1.10 0.07 0.05 0.10

Caring for and helping household children

1.15 0.78 1.47 1.92 1.34 2.39 0.62 0.42 0.81 - - -

Caring for and helping nonhousehold members

0.10 0.12 0.08 0.08 0.12 0.04 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.22 0.15 0.29

Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults

0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.10

Working and work-related activities

4.38 5.51 3.41 4.04 5.26 3.06 4.61 5.66 3.66 3.32 3.79 2.85

Working

4.09 5.13 3.19 3.78 4.90 2.88 4.29 5.27 3.40 3.04 3.42 2.65

Educational activities

0.26 0.23 0.29 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.35 (3)- 0.41 0.22 0.24 0.20

Attending class

0.08 0.08 0.09 0.03 (3)- (4)- 0.12 (3)- 0.14 0.08 0.09 0.07

Homework and research

0.16 0.12 0.18 0.08 (3)- 0.09 0.20 0.15 (3)- 0.12 0.14 0.10

Organizational, civic, and religious activities

0.21 0.19 0.23 0.17 0.19 0.15 0.24 0.18 0.29 0.29 0.25 0.33

Religious and spiritual activities

0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.13 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.13 0.14 0.11 0.18

Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)

0.07 0.05 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.10 0.06 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.12

Leisure and sports

3.90 4.22 3.62 3.61 3.99 3.31 4.09 4.37 3.83 5.79 6.09 5.48

Socializing and communicating

0.60 0.60 0.59 0.60 0.67 0.55 0.59 0.56 0.62 0.55 0.47 0.62

Watching television

1.93 2.12 1.76 1.82 1.98 1.68 2.00 2.21 1.82 3.27 3.56 2.98

Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation

0.25 0.28 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.26 0.31 0.21 0.29 0.33 0.25

Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail

0.10 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.05 0.11 0.12 0.10 0.13 0.19 0.13 0.26

Other activities, not elsewhere classified

0.26 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.37 0.34 0.20 0.14 0.26 0.18 0.19 0.18

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Includes naps and spells of sleeplessness.
(3) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
(4) Estimate is approximately zero.

- Not applicable.
NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included.


Table 8B. Time spent in primary activities for the civilian population 18 years and over by presence and age of youngest household child and sex, 2022 annual averages, employed
Activity Average hours per day spent in primary activities
Household child under 18 No household children under 18
Total Youngest household child
under 6
Youngest household child
6 to 17
Total Men Women
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total, all activities(1)

24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00

Personal care activities

9.42 9.17 9.70 9.32 9.06 9.60 9.49 9.23 9.76 9.58 9.40 9.79

Sleeping(2)

8.68 8.55 8.82 8.65 8.52 8.79 8.70 8.57 8.84 8.78 8.69 8.88

Eating and drinking

1.20 1.22 1.17 1.21 1.33 1.09 1.19 1.16 1.22 1.23 1.25 1.20

Household activities

1.58 1.32 1.87 1.64 1.36 1.95 1.55 1.30 1.82 1.60 1.37 1.88

Housework

0.46 0.27 0.67 0.52 0.32 0.73 0.42 0.24 0.63 0.44 0.29 0.62

Food preparation and cleanup

0.62 0.42 0.84 0.64 0.43 0.88 0.61 0.42 0.82 0.51 0.39 0.65

Lawn and garden care

0.12 0.19 0.04 0.13 0.21 0.05 0.11 0.17 0.03 0.15 0.18 0.11

Household management

0.09 0.07 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.07 0.12 0.13 0.12 0.15

Purchasing goods and services

0.60 0.55 0.64 0.49 0.39 0.60 0.66 0.66 0.67 0.56 0.53 0.60

Consumer goods purchases

0.31 0.32 0.31 0.24 0.21 0.27 0.36 0.39 0.33 0.26 0.22 0.31

Professional and personal care services

0.04 0.02 0.06 0.05 (3)- 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.07

Caring for and helping household members

1.21 0.93 1.52 1.92 1.48 2.40 0.76 0.57 0.97 0.04 0.03 0.05

Caring for and helping household children

1.00 0.79 1.23 1.70 1.36 2.08 0.55 0.42 0.70 - - -

Caring for and helping nonhousehold members

0.08 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.12 0.04 0.08 0.07 0.10 0.17 0.12 0.22

Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults

0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.07 (3)- 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.07

Working and work-related activities

5.62 6.27 4.91 5.42 5.95 4.82 5.75 6.48 4.96 5.49 5.76 5.17

Working

5.27 5.86 4.62 5.08 5.56 4.55 5.39 6.06 4.66 5.10 5.31 4.86

Educational activities

0.19 0.16 0.23 0.06 (4)- 0.08 0.27 (4)- 0.32 0.22 0.26 0.18

Attending class

0.08 (4)- 0.09 (3)- (4)- (4)- 0.11 (4)- (4)- 0.09 0.11 0.07

Homework and research

0.10 0.08 0.12 (3)- (4)- (4)- 0.15 0.12 0.17 0.11 0.12 0.09

Organizational, civic, and religious activities

0.19 0.18 0.20 0.15 0.19 0.11 0.21 0.17 0.25 0.23 0.23 0.23

Religious and spiritual activities

0.09 0.10 0.09 0.09 0.13 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.12

Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)

0.07 0.06 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.07 0.12 0.09 0.09 0.09

Leisure and sports

3.60 3.83 3.35 3.36 3.71 2.96 3.76 3.91 3.59 4.57 4.77 4.32

Socializing and communicating

0.54 0.55 0.53 0.54 0.56 0.51 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.50 0.43 0.59

Watching television

1.79 1.95 1.60 1.64 1.81 1.44 1.88 2.04 1.70 2.39 2.58 2.16

Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation

0.23 0.25 0.20 0.23 0.25 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.19 0.28 0.31 0.25

Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail

0.08 0.07 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.19

Other activities, not elsewhere classified

0.22 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.31 0.28 0.18 0.13 0.23 0.16 0.17 0.15

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Includes naps and spells of sleeplessness.
(3) Estimate is approximately zero.
(4) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.

- Not applicable.
NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included.


Table 8C. Time spent in primary activities for the civilian population 18 years and over by presence and age of youngest household child and sex, 2022 annual averages, not employed
Activity Average hours per day spent in primary activities
Household child under 18 No household children under 18
Total Youngest household child
under 6
Youngest household child
6 to 17
Total Men Women
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Total, all activities(1)

24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00

Personal care activities

10.39 9.97 10.53 10.58 9.93 10.74 10.23 9.99 10.33 10.11 9.89 10.28

Sleeping(2)

9.57 9.48 9.60 9.70 9.40 9.78 9.46 9.53 9.43 9.39 9.34 9.44

Eating and drinking

1.16 1.07 1.19 1.23 1.16 1.25 1.10 1.02 1.13 1.29 1.32 1.26

Household activities

3.02 2.09 3.35 2.97 2.40 3.12 3.06 1.91 3.56 2.56 2.13 2.89

Housework

1.02 (3)- 1.22 0.94 (3)- 1.01 1.09 0.33 1.42 0.80 0.42 1.10

Food preparation and cleanup

1.37 0.60 1.64 1.54 0.68 1.76 1.23 0.54 1.52 0.78 0.51 1.00

Lawn and garden care

0.19 (3)- 0.11 (3)- (3)- 0.04 0.20 (3)- 0.17 0.32 0.44 0.23

Household management

0.15 0.17 0.15 0.08 (3)- 0.09 0.22 (3)- 0.21 0.20 0.17 0.23

Purchasing goods and services

0.91 1.06 0.86 0.68 (3)- 0.63 1.11 (3)- 1.08 0.84 0.79 0.88

Consumer goods purchases

0.41 0.32 0.44 0.34 (3)- 0.34 0.46 (3)- 0.53 0.38 0.34 0.42

Professional and personal care services

0.10 (3)- 0.09 0.06 (3)- 0.04 0.14 (3)- 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.14

Caring for and helping household members

1.95 0.91 2.32 2.85 1.46 3.22 1.20 0.60 1.46 0.12 0.09 0.15

Caring for and helping household children

1.65 0.69 1.99 2.56 1.21 2.91 0.89 0.39 1.10 - - -

Caring for and helping nonhousehold members

0.14 (3)- 0.09 0.06 (3)- 0.05 0.22 (3)- 0.14 0.30 0.19 0.38

Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults

0.09 (3)- 0.05 (3)- (3)- (3)- 0.13 (3)- (3)- 0.10 0.06 0.13

Working and work-related activities(4)

0.15 (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- 0.13 0.22 0.06

Working(4)

(3)- (3)- (3)- (5)- (3)- (5)- (3)- (3)- (3)- 0.01 (5)- 0.01

Educational activities

0.50 (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- 0.22 0.21 0.22

Attending class

0.11 (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- 0.06 (3)- 0.08

Homework and research

(3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- (3)- 0.14 0.16 0.13

Organizational, civic, and religious activities

0.29 (3)- 0.31 0.22 (3)- 0.22 0.36 (3)- (3)- 0.38 0.27 0.46

Religious and spiritual activities

0.18 0.18 0.18 0.16 (3)- 0.16 0.20 (3)- 0.19 0.20 0.12 0.26

Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)

0.09 (3)- 0.10 (5)- (3)- (3)- 0.13 (3)- (3)- 0.14 0.12 0.16

Leisure and sports

4.90 6.91 4.20 4.36 6.04 3.92 5.35 7.40 4.47 7.57 8.48 6.87

Socializing and communicating

0.79 1.00 0.72 0.80 (3)- 0.61 0.79 (3)- 0.82 0.61 0.54 0.66

Watching television

2.41 3.30 2.10 2.33 3.26 2.09 2.48 3.33 2.11 4.56 5.33 3.96

Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation

0.34 (3)- 0.27 0.23 (3)- 0.26 0.42 (3)- 0.27 0.30 0.36 0.24

Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail

0.18 0.12 0.21 0.17 (3)- 0.20 0.19 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.19 0.34

Other activities, not elsewhere classified

0.40 (3)- 0.39 0.52 (3)- 0.44 0.30 0.20 0.35 0.21 0.21 0.20

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Includes naps and spells of sleeplessness.
(3) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
(4) Estimates include a small amount of work time done by persons who do not meet the American Time Use Survey definition for employed.
(5) Estimate is approximately zero.

- Not applicable.
NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included.


Table 9. Time adults spent caring for household children as a primary activity by sex, age, and day of week, 2022 annual averages
Childcare activities Average hours per day adults spent caring for household children
Total Weekdays Weekends and holidays
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Children under age 18, total

Caring for household children as a primary activity

1.35 0.90 1.74 1.42 0.89 1.89 1.17 0.94 1.38

Physical care

0.44 0.26 0.59 0.46 0.27 0.63 0.39 0.25 0.51

Education-related activities

0.09 0.05 0.13 0.12 0.05 0.17 0.03 (1)- 0.03

Reading to/with children

0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.05

Talking to/with children

0.04 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.02 0.03

Playing/doing hobbies with children

0.29 0.23 0.33 0.24 0.16 0.31 0.38 0.40 0.37

Looking after children

0.04 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.09

Attending children's events

0.08 0.07 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.09 0.13

Travel related to care of household children

0.20 0.13 0.27 0.26 0.16 0.34 0.08 0.06 0.09

Other childcare activities

0.13 0.08 0.17 0.16 0.10 0.21 0.06 0.02 0.08

Youngest child ages 6 to 17

Caring for household children as a primary activity

0.82 0.55 1.06 0.92 0.59 1.23 0.56 0.45 0.65

Physical care

0.17 0.10 0.23 0.20 0.12 0.27 0.11 0.07 0.15

Education-related activities

0.09 0.05 0.13 0.11 0.06 0.17 0.04 (2)- 0.04

Reading to/with children

0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 (1)- 0.01

Talking to/with children

0.04 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.08 0.02 (1)- 0.03

Playing/doing hobbies with children

0.06 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.08

Looking after children

0.02 (1)- 0.02 0.01 (1)- 0.02 0.03 (2)- 0.03

Attending children's events

0.10 0.09 0.11 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.16 0.14 0.18

Travel related to care of household children

0.20 0.14 0.25 0.24 0.16 0.32 0.08 0.07 0.08

Other childcare activities

0.13 0.08 0.17 0.16 0.09 0.22 0.04 0.03 0.05

Child under age 6

Caring for household children as a primary activity

2.13 1.45 2.68 2.19 1.39 2.79 2.01 1.57 2.42

Physical care

0.84 0.51 1.10 0.87 0.53 1.13 0.77 0.48 1.03

Education-related activities

0.09 0.04 0.13 0.12 0.05 0.18 0.02 (2)- (2)-

Reading to/with children

0.08 0.06 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.10

Talking to/with children

0.04 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.02 (2)- 0.01

Playing/doing hobbies with children

0.62 0.52 0.71 0.54 0.37 0.68 0.80 0.82 0.78

Looking after children

0.07 0.06 0.08 0.05 (2)- 0.04 0.12 0.07 0.17

Attending children's events

0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 (2)- 0.04 0.05 (2)- 0.07

Travel related to care of household children

0.21 0.11 0.30 0.28 0.15 0.37 0.07 0.04 0.11

Other childcare activities

0.14 0.09 0.18 0.16 0.12 0.19 0.08 0.02 0.13

Footnotes
(1) Estimate is approximately zero.
(2) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.

NOTE: Includes persons 18 years and over living in households with children under 18, whether or not they provided childcare.


Table 10. Time adults spent in primary activities while providing childcare as a secondary activity by sex, age, and day of week, 2022 annual averages
Childcare activities(1) Average hours per day adults spent caring for household children(2)
Total Weekdays Weekends and holidays
Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women

Children under age 13, total

Total

5.25 4.77 5.63 4.22 3.71 4.63 7.71 7.21 8.15

Personal care activities

0.24 0.18 0.29 0.22 0.15 0.27 0.30 0.24 0.35

Household activities

1.22 0.84 1.53 0.99 0.62 1.28 1.78 1.36 2.16

Purchasing goods and services

0.28 0.24 0.31 0.20 0.16 0.23 0.46 0.40 0.52

Working and work-related activities

0.40 0.40 0.41 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.17 0.17 0.17

Eating and drinking

0.69 0.63 0.73 0.55 0.48 0.61 1.01 0.97 1.05

Leisure and sports

2.00 2.10 1.91 1.42 1.52 1.34 3.38 3.44 3.33

Other activities

0.42 0.38 0.45 0.34 0.27 0.40 0.60 0.63 0.57

Youngest child ages 6 to 12

Total

4.80 4.46 5.09 3.68 3.57 3.77 7.80 6.84 8.59

Personal care activities

0.25 0.18 0.30 0.23 0.17 0.29 0.28 0.23 0.32

Household activities

1.05 0.74 1.30 0.76 0.52 0.97 1.81 1.36 2.19

Purchasing goods and services

0.25 0.23 0.27 0.17 0.18 0.15 0.47 0.35 0.58

Working and work-related activities

0.38 0.45 0.31 0.43 0.56 0.32 0.23 0.15 (3)-

Eating and drinking

0.58 0.56 0.60 0.46 0.47 0.45 0.92 0.81 1.01

Leisure and sports

1.92 2.05 1.81 1.32 1.51 1.16 3.51 3.52 3.51

Other activities

0.38 0.24 0.50 0.31 0.16 0.43 0.57 0.44 0.67

Child under age 6

Total

5.63 5.06 6.09 4.72 3.84 5.38 7.64 7.47 7.80

Personal care activities

0.24 0.17 0.29 0.20 0.13 0.26 0.31 0.25 0.37

Household activities

1.37 0.93 1.72 1.20 0.72 1.55 1.76 1.36 2.13

Purchasing goods and services

0.30 0.25 0.35 0.24 0.15 0.30 0.46 0.44 0.47

Working and work-related activities

0.43 0.36 0.49 0.57 (3)- 0.66 0.12 0.19 0.06

Eating and drinking

0.78 0.69 0.84 0.64 0.50 0.74 1.08 1.08 1.08

Leisure and sports

2.06 2.15 1.99 1.51 1.53 1.50 3.28 3.38 3.19

Other activities

0.45 0.51 0.40 0.37 0.38 0.36 0.63 0.77 0.49

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Secondary childcare is defined as time one has a child under 13 years "in his or her care" while doing something else as a primary activity; information on secondary
childcare is not collected for children over 12 years.
(3) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.

NOTE: Includes persons 18 years and over living in households with children under 13 years, whether or not they provided childcare.


Table 11A. Time spent in leisure and sports activities for the civilian population by selected characteristics, averages per day, 2022 annual averages
Characteristic Average hours per day spent in leisure and sports activities, all days of week
Total, all leisure and sports activities Participating in
sports, exercise and
recreation
Socializing and
communicating
Watching TV Reading Relaxing/
thinking
Playing games
and computer
use for leisure
Other leisure
and sports
activities,
including
travel(1)

Sex

Men

5.58 0.33 0.51 3.06 0.21 0.36 0.72 0.39

Women

4.84 0.25 0.61 2.53 0.32 0.35 0.43 0.35

Age

Total, 15 years and over

5.20 0.29 0.56 2.79 0.26 0.35 0.57 0.37

15 to 19 years

5.67 0.56 0.52 1.96 0.21 0.26 1.64 0.53

20 to 24 years

5.43 0.30 0.75 2.13 0.18 0.28 1.45 0.34

25 to 34 years

4.15 0.28 0.54 1.95 0.15 0.31 0.63 0.29

35 to 44 years

4.15 0.28 0.61 2.04 0.16 0.35 0.32 0.40

45 to 54 years

4.20 0.22 0.51 2.42 0.16 0.32 0.21 0.37

55 to 64 years

5.28 0.25 0.50 3.30 0.24 0.39 0.25 0.36

65 to 74 years

6.99 0.33 0.59 4.25 0.51 0.41 0.49 0.42

75 years and over

7.48 0.21 0.53 4.79 0.67 0.53 0.48 0.27

Race and Hispanic or
Latino ethnicity

White

5.20 0.30 0.59 2.74 0.29 0.33 0.58 0.37

Black or African American

5.50 0.18 0.40 3.44 0.12 0.59 0.40 0.37

Asian

4.61 0.33 0.53 2.19 0.33 0.24 0.74 0.25

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

4.35 0.29 0.55 2.20 0.10 0.39 0.56 0.25

Employment status

Employed

4.22 0.26 0.52 2.15 0.17 0.30 0.47 0.35

Full-time workers

4.05 0.26 0.50 2.11 0.17 0.27 0.39 0.34

Part-time workers

4.89 0.25 0.60 2.30 0.19 0.41 0.76 0.39

Not employed

6.90 0.34 0.62 3.92 0.42 0.45 0.75 0.40

Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage
and salary workers
(single jobholders only)(2)

$0 - $760

4.12 0.19 0.46 2.31 0.10 0.40 0.40 0.26

$761 - $1,160

4.16 0.23 0.48 2.20 0.14 0.29 0.50 0.33

$1,161 - $1,810

4.32 0.29 0.63 2.22 0.22 0.23 0.36 0.37

$1,811 and higher

4.06 0.31 0.51 1.96 0.23 0.21 0.40 0.45

Presence and age of
household children

No household children under 18

5.80 0.30 0.55 3.23 0.33 0.37 0.65 0.38

Household children under 18

4.01 0.28 0.59 1.93 0.13 0.32 0.43 0.34

Children 13 to 17 years, none younger

4.61 0.31 0.64 2.04 0.14 0.31 0.64 0.52

Children 6 to 12 years, none younger

3.96 0.27 0.55 1.97 0.12 0.34 0.40 0.31

Youngest child under 6 years

3.67 0.26 0.59 1.81 0.14 0.30 0.31 0.25

Marital status and sex

Married, spouse present

4.93 0.28 0.60 2.75 0.28 0.35 0.33 0.34

Men

5.21 0.28 0.55 3.06 0.24 0.36 0.36 0.35

Women

4.65 0.27 0.64 2.46 0.32 0.34 0.30 0.34

Other marital statuses

5.48 0.30 0.52 2.83 0.25 0.36 0.82 0.39

Men

5.96 0.38 0.46 3.07 0.17 0.35 1.09 0.43

Women

5.02 0.24 0.57 2.61 0.32 0.36 0.57 0.35

Educational attainment,
25 years and over

Less than a high school diploma

5.26 0.11 0.57 3.47 0.04 0.68 0.22 0.17

High school graduates, no college

5.75 0.18 0.54 3.66 0.19 0.48 0.40 0.30

Some college or associate degree

5.14 0.23 0.55 2.98 0.26 0.34 0.41 0.37

Bachelor's degree and higher

4.69 0.37 0.54 2.31 0.39 0.25 0.41 0.42

Bachelor's degree only

4.83 0.36 0.53 2.45 0.34 0.29 0.45 0.41

Advanced degree

4.49 0.38 0.57 2.12 0.47 0.18 0.35 0.42

Footnotes
(1) Includes other leisure and sports activities, not elsewhere classified, and travel related to leisure and sports activities.
(2) The earnings data are limited to wage and salary workers (both incorporated and unincorporated self-employed workers are excluded). Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers who held only one job.

NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.


Table 11B. Time spent in leisure and sports activities for the civilian population by selected characteristics, averages per day on weekdays and weekends, 2022 annual averages
Characteristic Average hours per day spent in leisure and sports activities, weekdays and weekends
Total, all leisure and sports activities Participating in
sports, exercise and
recreation
Socializing and
communicating
Watching TV Reading Relaxing/
thinking
Playing games
and computer
use for leisure
Other leisure
and sports
activities,
including
travel(1)
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days
Week-
days
Week-
ends
and
holi-
days

Sex

Men

4.93 7.10 0.29 0.43 0.38 0.81 2.74 3.82 0.20 0.23 0.33 0.42 0.68 0.82 0.31 0.58

Women

4.30 6.11 0.24 0.26 0.46 0.95 2.28 3.14 0.30 0.36 0.34 0.38 0.41 0.48 0.26 0.54

Age

Total, 15 years and over

4.60 6.60 0.27 0.35 0.42 0.88 2.50 3.47 0.25 0.30 0.33 0.40 0.54 0.65 0.29 0.56

15 to 19 years

5.10 7.03 0.56 0.54 0.39 0.81 1.73 2.50 0.19 0.25 (2)- 0.31 1.49 2.00 0.49 0.62

20 to 24 years

4.97 6.53 0.25 0.42 0.67 0.91 1.90 2.69 (2)- 0.11 (2)- 0.41 1.49 1.36 0.22 0.63

25 to 34 years

3.43 5.87 0.26 0.30 0.37 0.95 1.61 2.77 0.13 0.21 0.30 0.33 0.55 0.80 0.20 0.52

35 to 44 years

3.34 6.06 0.23 0.40 0.42 1.05 1.68 2.87 0.13 0.21 0.32 (2)- 0.28 0.40 0.26 0.71

45 to 54 years

3.49 5.80 0.20 0.27 0.35 0.87 2.04 3.28 0.15 0.17 0.29 0.37 0.19 0.25 0.27 0.59

55 to 64 years

4.70 6.65 0.19 0.36 0.38 0.77 2.97 4.07 0.23 0.29 0.40 0.37 0.22 0.33 0.32 0.45

65 to 74 years

6.65 7.82 0.32 0.34 0.47 0.85 4.09 4.65 0.47 0.58 0.41 0.41 0.49 0.48 0.38 0.50

75 years and over

7.18 8.22 0.22 0.18 0.47 0.69 4.66 5.10 0.67 0.68 0.46 0.72 0.49 0.46 0.21 0.40

Race and Hispanic or
Latino ethnicity

White

4.60 6.61 0.27 0.38 0.45 0.91 2.44 3.44 0.27 0.32 0.31 0.37 0.56 0.62 0.29 0.57

Black or African American

4.93 6.83 0.18 0.18 0.27 0.69 3.19 4.02 0.10 0.17 0.59 0.59 0.30 0.63 0.30 0.55

Asian

4.09 6.00 0.32 0.34 (2)- 0.87 1.93 2.90 0.33 0.30 0.25 0.23 0.68 0.90 0.17 0.46

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

3.77 5.71 0.29 0.28 0.44 0.83 1.82 3.11 0.10 0.09 0.38 0.42 0.56 0.55 0.18 0.42

Employment status

Employed

3.51 5.95 0.22 0.36 0.36 0.91 1.80 2.99 0.16 0.20 0.28 0.34 0.43 0.57 0.25 0.58

Full-time workers

3.27 5.94 0.23 0.35 0.33 0.93 1.71 3.07 0.16 0.20 0.26 0.32 0.36 0.49 0.23 0.59

Part-time workers

4.43 5.97 0.20 0.36 0.49 0.85 2.13 2.69 0.17 0.22 0.40 (2)- 0.70 0.88 0.33 0.53

Not employed

6.56 7.66 0.34 0.33 0.53 0.82 3.76 4.26 0.41 0.45 0.42 0.50 0.74 0.78 0.35 0.52

Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage
and salary workers
(single jobholders only)(3)

$0 - $760

3.40 5.80 0.19 0.21 0.32 0.79 1.86 3.37 0.09 0.12 0.40 0.41 0.36 0.48 0.19 0.44

$761 - $1,160

3.34 6.31 0.19 0.33 0.27 1.01 1.79 3.26 0.13 0.17 0.27 0.35 0.44 0.66 0.25 0.53

$1,161 - $1,810

3.48 6.35 0.23 0.43 0.49 0.96 1.78 3.27 0.24 0.19 0.20 0.29 0.31 0.47 0.22 0.74

$1,811 and higher

3.12 6.25 0.25 0.45 0.30 0.99 1.49 3.05 0.20 0.30 0.17 0.28 0.38 0.47 0.34 0.70

Presence and age of
household children

No household children under 18

5.24 7.12 0.27 0.35 0.42 0.83 2.96 3.88 0.31 0.37 0.34 0.44 0.61 0.72 0.32 0.53

Household children under 18

3.36 5.56 0.25 0.33 0.42 0.97 1.62 2.66 0.13 0.15 0.31 0.34 0.39 0.51 0.23 0.61

Children 13 to 17 years, none younger

3.98 6.06 0.31 0.33 0.48 1.01 1.73 2.78 0.12 0.18 0.34 0.23 0.64 0.66 0.37 0.89

Children 6 to 12 years, none younger

3.30 5.66 0.22 0.40 0.44 0.83 1.65 2.80 0.13 0.10 0.31 0.42 0.32 0.61 0.24 0.50

Youngest child under 6 years

3.00 5.16 0.25 0.28 0.38 1.06 1.52 2.47 0.12 0.17 0.29 0.33 0.31 0.32 0.14 0.52

Marital status and sex

Married, spouse present

4.30 6.36 0.25 0.34 0.45 0.94 2.45 3.44 0.26 0.31 0.33 0.41 0.30 0.39 0.26 0.54

Men

4.53 6.80 0.24 0.40 0.43 0.84 2.70 3.89 0.23 0.27 0.33 0.44 0.32 0.45 0.28 0.52

Women

4.08 5.94 0.26 0.28 0.46 1.03 2.21 3.02 0.30 0.35 0.32 0.38 0.28 0.33 0.24 0.55

Other marital statuses

4.91 6.85 0.28 0.35 0.40 0.81 2.56 3.50 0.24 0.28 0.34 0.40 0.78 0.93 0.32 0.58

Men

5.35 7.41 0.34 0.46 0.33 0.77 2.78 3.74 0.17 0.19 0.33 0.41 1.05 1.21 0.35 0.63

Women

4.51 6.30 0.23 0.25 0.46 0.85 2.35 3.27 0.30 0.37 0.35 0.39 0.53 0.65 0.29 0.52

Educational attainment,
25 years and over

Less than a high school diploma

4.70 6.69 0.11 0.11 0.48 0.81 3.07 4.47 (4)- 0.09 0.65 0.76 0.25 0.17 0.13 0.28

High school graduates, no college

5.21 7.03 0.16 0.24 0.39 0.89 3.37 4.34 0.19 0.20 0.45 0.55 0.39 0.41 0.26 0.41

Some college or associate degree

4.61 6.43 0.23 0.24 0.41 0.87 2.75 3.53 0.26 0.26 0.32 0.41 0.37 0.50 0.27 0.62

Bachelor's degree and higher

3.97 6.30 0.33 0.46 0.39 0.89 1.98 3.07 0.36 0.47 0.24 0.25 0.36 0.52 0.32 0.64

Bachelor's degree only

4.15 6.34 0.33 0.43 0.36 0.91 2.16 3.09 0.31 0.39 0.29 0.30 0.39 0.58 0.31 0.65

Advanced degree

3.73 6.24 0.33 0.49 0.43 0.87 1.73 3.04 0.42 0.59 0.18 0.19 0.31 0.44 0.34 0.62

Footnotes
(1) Includes other leisure and sports activities, not elsewhere classified, and travel related to leisure and sports activities.
(2) Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
(3) The earnings data are limited to wage and salary workers (both incorporated and unincorporated self-employed workers are excluded). Each earnings range represents approximately 25 percent of full-time wage and salary workers who held only one job.
(4) Estimate is approximately zero.

NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, data refer to persons 15 years and over. Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.


Table 12. Average hours per day spent in primary activities for the civilian population, 2022 quarterly and annual averages [Not seasonally adjusted]
Activity 2022
Quarterly averages Annual
average
I II III IV

Total, all activities(1)

24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00

Personal care activities

9.83 9.68 9.84 9.79 9.78

Sleeping(2)

9.05 8.91 9.08 9.03 9.02

Eating and drinking

1.17 1.23 1.26 1.26 1.23

Household activities

1.83 1.94 1.91 1.90 1.89

Housework

0.59 0.54 0.58 0.57 0.57

Food preparation and cleanup

0.69 0.61 0.63 0.66 0.65

Lawn and garden care

0.08 0.27 0.24 0.12 0.18

Household management

0.13 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.14

Purchasing goods and services

0.59 0.69 0.69 0.68 0.66

Consumer goods purchases

0.27 0.30 0.33 0.35 0.31

Professional and personal care services

0.08 0.11 0.08 0.05 0.08

Caring for and helping household members

0.49 0.49 0.46 0.47 0.48

Caring for and helping household children

0.39 0.33 0.36 0.35 0.36

Caring for and helping nonhousehold members

0.14 0.16 0.24 0.17 0.18

Caring for and helping nonhousehold adults

0.06 0.05 0.10 0.06 0.07

Working and work-related activities

3.58 3.63 3.32 3.47 3.50

Working

3.33 3.35 3.04 3.19 3.23

Educational activities

0.53 0.45 0.31 0.47 0.44

Attending class

0.30 0.24 0.14 0.26 0.24

Homework and research

0.17 0.16 0.12 0.17 0.15

Organizational, civic, and religious activities

0.27 0.26 0.25 0.26 0.26

Religious and spiritual activities

0.14 0.12 0.14 0.12 0.13

Volunteering (organizational and civic activities)

0.10 0.10 0.08 0.11 0.10

Leisure and sports

5.14 5.11 5.37 5.18 5.20

Socializing and communicating

0.47 0.59 0.61 0.57 0.56

Watching television

2.96 2.61 2.68 2.93 2.79

Participating in sports, exercise, and recreation

0.25 0.31 0.34 0.26 0.29

Telephone calls, mail, and e-mail

0.19 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.17

Other activities, not elsewhere classified

0.23 0.22 0.20 0.20 0.21

Footnotes
(1) All major activity categories include related travel time. See Technical Note for activity category definitions.
(2) Includes naps and spells of sleeplessness.

NOTE: A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. Data refer to persons 15 years and over.


Last Modified Date: June 22, 2023