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Table 5. Components of private sector gross job gains and losses by firm size, seasonally adjusted Gross job gains and job losses Gross job gains and job losses (in thousands) as a percent of employment Category 3 months ended 3 months ended June Sept. Dec. Mar. June June Sept. Dec. Mar. June 2023 2023 2023 2024 2024 2023 2023 2023 2024 2024 Total private by firm(1) Gross job gains 6,450 6,037 6,143 6,106 5,953 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.5 At expanding firms 5,440 5,016 5,074 5,154 5,006 4.1 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.8 At opening firms 1,010 1,021 1,069 952 947 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 Gross job losses 6,146 6,143 5,802 5,524 6,180 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.6 At contracting firms 5,158 5,160 4,875 4,559 5,092 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.8 At closing firms 988 983 927 965 1,088 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 Net employment change 304 -106 341 582 -227 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.1 Firm size 1 to 49 employees Gross job gains 3,252 3,101 3,273 3,115 3,033 9.1 8.8 9.2 8.8 8.6 At expanding firms 2,282 2,122 2,241 2,197 2,128 6.4 6.0 6.3 6.2 6.0 At opening firms 970 979 1,032 918 905 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.6 2.6 Gross job losses 3,230 3,215 3,021 3,044 3,292 9.1 9.1 8.5 8.5 9.3 At contracting firms 2,279 2,262 2,125 2,114 2,258 6.4 6.4 6.0 5.9 6.4 At closing firms 951 953 896 930 1,034 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.9 Net employment change 22 -114 252 71 -259 0.0 -0.3 0.7 0.3 -0.7 Firm size 50 to 249 employees Gross job gains 1,169 1,053 1,106 1,084 1,094 5.1 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.7 At expanding firms 1,133 1,021 1,072 1,053 1,060 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.6 At opening firms 36 32 34 31 34 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Gross job losses 1,028 1,051 991 979 1,037 4.5 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.5 At contracting firms 999 1,025 962 951 1,006 4.4 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.4 At closing firms 29 26 29 28 31 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Net employment change 141 2 115 105 57 0.6 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 Firm size 250 or more employees Gross job gains 2,029 1,883 1,764 1,907 1,826 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.5 At expanding firms 2,025 1,873 1,761 1,904 1,818 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.5 At opening firms 4 10 3 3 8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Gross job losses 1,888 1,877 1,790 1,501 1,851 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.0 2.5 At contracting firms 1,880 1,873 1,788 1,494 1,828 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.0 2.5 At closing firms 8 4 2 7 23 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Net employment change 141 6 -26 406 -25 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.6 0.0 (1) Total gross job gains and gross job losses by firm are lower than total gross job gains and gross job losses by establishment, as some establishment gains and losses within a firm are offset during the aggregation process. NOTE: Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. Net change totals for the firm-level data differ from the establishment-level data due to independent seasonal adjustment. The unit of analysis section in the technical note provides additional detail. See www.bls.gov/bdm/bdmfirmsize.htm for more detailed firm size class data.