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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
May
2022		 Apr.
2023		 May
2023		 May
2022		 Jan.
2023		 Feb.
2023		 Mar.
2023		 Apr.
2023		 May
2023

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 203,039 204,261 204,345 203,039 204,062 204,118 204,186 204,261 204,345

Civilian labor force

 125,560 126,873 127,111 125,721 126,699 126,756 126,933 127,174 127,273

Participation rate

 61.8 62.1 62.2 61.9 62.1 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.3

Employed

 121,823 123,300 123,247 121,669 122,776 122,738 122,831 123,224 123,112

Employment-population ratio

 60.0 60.4 60.3 59.9 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.3 60.2

Unemployed

 3,737 3,574 3,864 4,052 3,924 4,017 4,102 3,950 4,161

Unemployment rate

 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3

Not in labor force

 77,479 77,388 77,233 77,318 77,362 77,362 77,253 77,087 77,072

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 65,632 66,340 66,450 65,618 66,118 66,083 66,304 66,299 66,433

Participation rate

 70.1 70.2 70.3 70.0 70.0 69.9 70.2 70.1 70.2

Employed

 63,780 64,496 64,521 63,589 64,210 64,125 64,287 64,363 64,343

Employment-population ratio

 68.1 68.2 68.2 67.9 68.0 67.9 68.0 68.1 68.0

Unemployed

 1,852 1,844 1,928 2,029 1,908 1,958 2,018 1,936 2,089

Unemployment rate

 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 55,208 55,825 55,878 55,299 55,637 55,733 55,656 55,882 55,950

Participation rate

 57.0 57.4 57.5 57.1 57.3 57.4 57.3 57.5 57.5

Employed

 53,754 54,463 54,379 53,715 54,093 54,142 53,994 54,304 54,323

Employment-population ratio

 55.5 56.0 55.9 55.4 55.7 55.7 55.6 55.9 55.9

Unemployed

 1,455 1,361 1,499 1,585 1,544 1,591 1,661 1,578 1,627

Unemployment rate

 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,719 4,709 4,784 4,803 4,944 4,940 4,973 4,993 4,890

Participation rate

 37.8 37.7 38.2 38.5 39.6 39.6 39.8 39.9 39.1

Employed

 4,289 4,340 4,347 4,366 4,472 4,471 4,550 4,557 4,445

Employment-population ratio

 34.4 34.7 34.7 35.0 35.8 35.8 36.4 36.4 35.5

Unemployed

 430 369 437 438 472 469 423 436 445

Unemployment rate

 9.1 7.8 9.1 9.1 9.5 9.5 8.5 8.7 9.1

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 34,079 34,583 34,613 34,079 34,487 34,519 34,550 34,583 34,613

Civilian labor force

 21,441 21,756 21,878 21,464 21,697 21,893 22,152 21,790 21,874

Participation rate

 62.9 62.9 63.2 63.0 62.9 63.4 64.1 63.0 63.2

Employed

 20,147 20,809 20,662 20,125 20,535 20,654 21,037 20,766 20,641

Employment-population ratio

 59.1 60.2 59.7 59.1 59.5 59.8 60.9 60.0 59.6

Unemployed

 1,294 947 1,216 1,339 1,162 1,239 1,114 1,025 1,234

Unemployment rate

 6.0 4.4 5.6 6.2 5.4 5.7 5.0 4.7 5.6

Not in labor force

 12,638 12,827 12,735 12,615 12,790 12,626 12,399 12,793 12,738

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 9,993 9,986 10,103 9,975 10,115 10,218 10,400 10,005 10,084

Participation rate

 69.0 67.6 68.4 68.9 68.7 69.3 70.5 67.8 68.2

Employed

 9,430 9,540 9,536 9,409 9,579 9,700 9,860 9,556 9,519

Employment-population ratio

 65.1 64.6 64.5 65.0 65.0 65.8 66.8 64.7 64.4

Unemployed

 563 447 567 567 535 518 539 449 565

Unemployment rate

 5.6 4.5 5.6 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.5 5.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,705 11,082 11,058 10,725 10,804 10,877 10,986 11,054 11,051

Participation rate

 62.5 64.1 63.9 62.7 62.6 63.0 63.6 63.9 63.9

Employed

 10,115 10,658 10,491 10,095 10,301 10,319 10,522 10,573 10,469

Employment-population ratio

 59.1 61.6 60.6 59.0 59.7 59.8 60.9 61.1 60.5

Unemployed

 590 423 567 630 504 558 464 481 582

Unemployment rate

 5.5 3.8 5.1 5.9 4.7 5.1 4.2 4.4 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 743 688 717 764 778 797 766 732 740

Participation rate

 30.0 27.2 28.3 30.9 31.0 31.7 30.4 29.0 29.2

Employed

 602 611 635 622 655 635 655 637 653

Employment-population ratio

 24.3 24.2 25.1 25.1 26.1 25.2 26.0 25.2 25.8

Unemployed

 140 77 82 142 123 163 111 95 87

Unemployment rate

 18.9 11.2 11.4 18.6 15.8 20.4 14.5 12.9 11.7

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 16,815 17,557 17,511 16,815 17,541 17,444 17,545 17,557 17,511

Civilian labor force

 10,854 11,319 11,348 10,916 11,240 11,348 11,390 11,396 11,408

Participation rate

 64.5 64.5 64.8 64.9 64.1 65.1 64.9 64.9 65.1

Employed

 10,613 11,017 11,034 10,652 10,926 10,962 11,067 11,073 11,073

Employment-population ratio

 63.1 62.7 63.0 63.4 62.3 62.8 63.1 63.1 63.2

Unemployed

 241 302 315 263 313 386 323 323 335

Unemployment rate

 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.4 2.8 3.4 2.8 2.8 2.9

Not in labor force

 5,961 6,238 6,163 5,899 6,301 6,096 6,154 6,162 6,104

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table of Contents
Last Modified Date: June 02, 2023