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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
May
2024		 Apr.
2025		 May
2025		 May
2024		 Jan.
2025		 Feb.
2025		 Mar.
2025		 Apr.
2025		 May
2025

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 204,917 207,291 207,377 204,917 207,088 207,147 207,221 207,291 207,377

Civilian labor force

 127,207 128,801 128,277 127,423 128,988 128,548 128,769 129,149 128,538

Participation rate

 62.1 62.1 61.9 62.2 62.3 62.1 62.1 62.3 62.0

Employed

 123,061 124,263 123,650 122,956 124,431 123,726 123,993 124,198 123,605

Employment-population ratio

 60.1 59.9 59.6 60.0 60.1 59.7 59.8 59.9 59.6

Unemployed

 4,145 4,537 4,627 4,467 4,557 4,822 4,776 4,952 4,934

Unemployment rate

 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8

Not in labor force

 77,711 78,491 79,100 77,494 78,100 78,599 78,452 78,142 78,839

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 65,804 66,695 66,533 65,849 66,794 66,365 66,454 66,754 66,593

Participation rate

 69.6 69.7 69.5 69.7 69.9 69.4 69.5 69.8 69.6

Employed

 63,762 64,321 64,299 63,641 64,721 64,049 64,217 64,276 64,200

Employment-population ratio

 67.5 67.2 67.2 67.3 67.7 67.0 67.1 67.2 67.1

Unemployed

 2,042 2,374 2,234 2,208 2,073 2,316 2,237 2,478 2,392

Unemployment rate

 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 56,340 57,292 56,799 56,440 57,063 57,060 57,193 57,326 56,923

Participation rate

 57.7 58.0 57.5 57.8 57.8 57.8 57.9 58.0 57.6

Employed

 54,787 55,618 55,065 54,747 55,195 55,117 55,307 55,440 55,047

Employment-population ratio

 56.1 56.3 55.7 56.0 55.9 55.8 56.0 56.1 55.7

Unemployed

 1,553 1,674 1,733 1,693 1,868 1,943 1,887 1,887 1,876

Unemployment rate

 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 5,062 4,813 4,945 5,134 5,131 5,123 5,122 5,069 5,023

Participation rate

 39.8 37.6 38.6 40.4 40.0 39.9 40.0 39.5 39.2

Employed

 4,512 4,324 4,285 4,569 4,516 4,560 4,470 4,482 4,358

Employment-population ratio

 35.5 33.7 33.5 36.0 35.2 35.6 34.9 35.0 34.0

Unemployed

 550 489 660 565 616 562 653 587 665

Unemployment rate

 10.9 10.2 13.3 11.0 12.0 11.0 12.7 11.6 13.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 34,949 35,719 35,751 34,949 35,621 35,653 35,687 35,719 35,751

Civilian labor force

 21,999 22,170 22,189 21,989 22,260 22,340 22,196 22,185 22,174

Participation rate

 62.9 62.1 62.1 62.9 62.5 62.7 62.2 62.1 62.0

Employed

 20,672 20,883 20,876 20,641 20,874 21,002 20,826 20,787 20,843

Employment-population ratio

 59.1 58.5 58.4 59.1 58.6 58.9 58.4 58.2 58.3

Unemployed

 1,327 1,287 1,313 1,348 1,386 1,339 1,370 1,399 1,332

Unemployment rate

 6.0 5.8 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.2 6.3 6.0

Not in labor force

 12,950 13,549 13,562 12,960 13,361 13,313 13,491 13,534 13,577

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,164 10,505 10,416 10,155 10,451 10,347 10,511 10,504 10,409

Participation rate

 68.4 69.2 68.5 68.4 69.0 68.3 69.3 69.2 68.5

Employed

 9,506 9,939 9,876 9,501 9,728 9,773 9,870 9,917 9,869

Employment-population ratio

 64.0 65.4 65.0 64.0 64.2 64.5 65.1 65.3 64.9

Unemployed

 658 565 541 654 723 574 641 587 540

Unemployment rate

 6.5 5.4 5.2 6.4 6.9 5.5 6.1 5.6 5.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 11,016 10,936 11,042 10,997 11,133 11,174 10,857 10,923 11,016

Participation rate

 63.0 61.3 61.8 62.9 62.5 62.7 60.9 61.2 61.7

Employed

 10,459 10,355 10,371 10,420 10,534 10,566 10,300 10,260 10,332

Employment-population ratio

 59.8 58.0 58.0 59.6 59.2 59.3 57.8 57.5 57.8

Unemployed

 557 581 671 577 598 607 557 663 684

Unemployment rate

 5.1 5.3 6.1 5.3 5.4 5.4 5.1 6.1 6.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 818 729 731 837 677 820 828 759 749

Participation rate

 31.3 27.2 27.3 32.0 25.3 30.6 30.9 28.3 27.9

Employed

 706 588 630 720 612 662 655 610 641

Employment-population ratio

 27.0 21.9 23.5 27.5 22.9 24.8 24.5 22.8 23.9

Unemployed

 112 140 101 117 64 157 172 149 108

Unemployment rate

 13.6 19.3 13.8 14.0 9.5 19.2 20.8 19.6 14.4

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 17,993 19,272 19,291 17,993 19,111 19,097 19,241 19,272 19,291

Civilian labor force

 11,734 12,655 12,686 11,760 12,359 12,512 12,653 12,717 12,708

Participation rate

 65.2 65.7 65.8 65.4 64.7 65.5 65.8 66.0 65.9

Employed

 11,395 12,300 12,250 11,393 11,906 12,113 12,213 12,332 12,247

Employment-population ratio

 63.3 63.8 63.5 63.3 62.3 63.4 63.5 64.0 63.5

Unemployed

 339 354 435 367 453 399 441 385 461

Unemployment rate

 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.1 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.0 3.6

Not in labor force

 6,259 6,617 6,605 6,233 6,752 6,585 6,588 6,555 6,583

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
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Last Modified Date: June 06, 2025