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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Apr.
2022		 Mar.
2023		 Apr.
2023		 Apr.
2022		 Dec.
2022		 Jan.
2023		 Feb.
2023		 Mar.
2023		 Apr.
2023

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 202,982 204,186 204,261 202,982 203,684 204,062 204,118 204,186 204,261

Civilian labor force

 125,320 126,976 126,873 125,623 126,408 126,699 126,756 126,933 127,174

Participation rate

 61.7 62.2 62.1 61.9 62.1 62.1 62.1 62.2 62.3

Employed

 121,625 122,698 123,300 121,549 122,556 122,776 122,738 122,831 123,224

Employment-population ratio

 59.9 60.1 60.4 59.9 60.2 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.3

Unemployed

 3,694 4,278 3,574 4,074 3,852 3,924 4,017 4,102 3,950

Unemployment rate

 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1

Not in labor force

 77,663 77,210 77,388 77,359 77,276 77,362 77,362 77,253 77,087

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 65,546 66,467 66,340 65,497 66,045 66,118 66,083 66,304 66,299

Participation rate

 70.0 70.3 70.2 69.9 70.3 70.0 69.9 70.2 70.1

Employed

 63,615 64,180 64,496 63,471 64,189 64,210 64,125 64,287 64,363

Employment-population ratio

 67.9 67.9 68.2 67.8 68.3 68.0 67.9 68.0 68.1

Unemployed

 1,931 2,288 1,844 2,026 1,856 1,908 1,958 2,018 1,936

Unemployment rate

 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.1 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 55,143 55,812 55,825 55,217 55,461 55,637 55,733 55,656 55,882

Participation rate

 56.9 57.4 57.4 57.0 57.1 57.3 57.4 57.3 57.5

Employed

 53,794 54,203 54,463 53,655 53,918 54,093 54,142 53,994 54,304

Employment-population ratio

 55.5 55.8 56.0 55.4 55.5 55.7 55.7 55.6 55.9

Unemployed

 1,348 1,609 1,361 1,561 1,543 1,544 1,591 1,661 1,578

Unemployment rate

 2.4 2.9 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,630 4,696 4,709 4,910 4,902 4,944 4,940 4,973 4,993

Participation rate

 37.1 37.6 37.7 39.4 39.2 39.6 39.6 39.8 39.9

Employed

 4,216 4,316 4,340 4,423 4,449 4,472 4,471 4,550 4,557

Employment-population ratio

 33.8 34.5 34.7 35.5 35.5 35.8 35.8 36.4 36.4

Unemployed

 415 381 369 487 453 472 469 423 436

Unemployment rate

 9.0 8.1 7.8 9.9 9.2 9.5 9.5 8.5 8.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 34,055 34,550 34,583 34,055 34,301 34,487 34,519 34,550 34,583

Civilian labor force

 21,176 22,062 21,756 21,205 21,418 21,697 21,893 22,152 21,790

Participation rate

 62.2 63.9 62.9 62.3 62.4 62.9 63.4 64.1 63.0

Employed

 19,992 20,938 20,809 19,956 20,189 20,535 20,654 21,037 20,766

Employment-population ratio

 58.7 60.6 60.2 58.6 58.9 59.5 59.8 60.9 60.0

Unemployed

 1,184 1,124 947 1,249 1,229 1,162 1,239 1,114 1,025

Unemployment rate

 5.6 5.1 4.4 5.9 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.0 4.7

Not in labor force

 12,880 12,488 12,827 12,851 12,883 12,790 12,626 12,399 12,793

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 9,955 10,353 9,986 9,962 9,956 10,115 10,218 10,400 10,005

Participation rate

 68.8 70.2 67.6 68.8 68.3 68.7 69.3 70.5 67.8

Employed

 9,343 9,776 9,540 9,354 9,446 9,579 9,700 9,860 9,556

Employment-population ratio

 64.5 66.3 64.6 64.6 64.8 65.0 65.8 66.8 64.7

Unemployed

 612 577 447 608 510 535 518 539 449

Unemployment rate

 6.1 5.6 4.5 6.1 5.1 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.5

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,573 10,991 11,082 10,559 10,679 10,804 10,877 10,986 11,054

Participation rate

 61.8 63.6 64.1 61.7 62.0 62.6 63.0 63.6 63.9

Employed

 10,090 10,541 10,658 10,019 10,093 10,301 10,319 10,522 10,573

Employment-population ratio

 59.0 61.0 61.6 58.6 58.6 59.7 59.8 60.9 61.1

Unemployed

 482 450 423 540 586 504 558 464 481

Unemployment rate

 4.6 4.1 3.8 5.1 5.5 4.7 5.1 4.2 4.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 648 718 688 684 784 778 797 766 732

Participation rate

 26.2 28.5 27.2 27.6 31.4 31.0 31.7 30.4 29.0

Employed

 558 621 611 582 650 655 635 655 637

Employment-population ratio

 22.6 24.6 24.2 23.5 26.0 26.1 25.2 26.0 25.2

Unemployed

 89 97 77 101 134 123 163 111 95

Unemployment rate

 13.8 13.5 11.2 14.8 17.1 15.8 20.4 14.5 12.9

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 16,826 17,545 17,557 16,826 17,005 17,541 17,444 17,545 17,557

Civilian labor force

 10,763 11,421 11,319 10,846 10,918 11,240 11,348 11,390 11,396

Participation rate

 64.0 65.1 64.5 64.5 64.2 64.1 65.1 64.9 64.9

Employed

 10,453 11,104 11,017 10,514 10,654 10,926 10,962 11,067 11,073

Employment-population ratio

 62.1 63.3 62.7 62.5 62.7 62.3 62.8 63.1 63.1

Unemployed

 310 317 302 332 265 313 386 323 323

Unemployment rate

 2.9 2.8 2.7 3.1 2.4 2.8 3.4 2.8 2.8

Not in labor force

 6,064 6,123 6,238 5,980 6,086 6,301 6,096 6,154 6,162

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table of Contents
Last Modified Date: May 05, 2023