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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Mar.
2024		 Feb.
2025		 Mar.
2025		 Mar.
2024		 Nov.
2024		 Dec.
2024		 Jan.
2025		 Feb.
2025		 Mar.
2025

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 204,752 207,147 207,221 204,752 205,521 205,598 207,088 207,147 207,221

Civilian labor force

 127,640 128,371 128,796 127,590 127,710 127,827 128,988 128,548 128,769

Participation rate

 62.3 62.0 62.2 62.3 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.1 62.1

Employed

 123,175 123,128 123,888 123,249 122,856 123,213 124,431 123,726 123,993

Employment-population ratio

 60.2 59.4 59.8 60.2 59.8 59.9 60.1 59.7 59.8

Unemployed

 4,465 5,243 4,908 4,341 4,854 4,614 4,557 4,822 4,776

Unemployment rate

 3.5 4.1 3.8 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.7

Not in labor force

 77,112 78,776 78,425 77,161 77,811 77,770 78,100 78,599 78,452

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 66,098 66,344 66,564 65,967 66,289 66,244 66,794 66,365 66,454

Participation rate

 70.0 69.4 69.6 69.8 69.9 69.8 69.9 69.4 69.5

Employed

 63,906 63,619 64,087 64,001 63,965 64,087 64,721 64,049 64,217

Employment-population ratio

 67.7 66.5 67.0 67.8 67.5 67.6 67.7 67.0 67.1

Unemployed

 2,193 2,725 2,477 1,967 2,324 2,156 2,073 2,316 2,237

Unemployment rate

 3.3 4.1 3.7 3.0 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 56,614 57,233 57,333 56,481 56,462 56,502 57,063 57,060 57,193

Participation rate

 58.0 58.0 58.1 57.9 57.6 57.6 57.8 57.8 57.9

Employed

 54,849 55,254 55,489 54,675 54,545 54,607 55,195 55,117 55,307

Employment-population ratio

 56.2 56.0 56.2 56.0 55.7 55.7 55.9 55.8 56.0

Unemployed

 1,765 1,979 1,844 1,806 1,916 1,895 1,868 1,943 1,887

Unemployment rate

 3.1 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,928 4,795 4,900 5,142 4,959 5,082 5,131 5,123 5,122

Participation rate

 38.8 37.4 38.2 40.5 39.0 40.0 40.0 39.9 40.0

Employed

 4,420 4,255 4,312 4,574 4,346 4,519 4,516 4,560 4,470

Employment-population ratio

 34.8 33.2 33.6 36.0 34.2 35.5 35.2 35.6 34.9

Unemployed

 508 540 588 569 613 563 616 562 653

Unemployment rate

 10.3 11.3 12.0 11.1 12.4 11.1 12.0 11.0 12.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 34,883 35,653 35,687 34,883 35,161 35,194 35,621 35,653 35,687

Civilian labor force

 22,124 22,256 22,166 22,160 21,952 21,971 22,260 22,340 22,196

Participation rate

 63.4 62.4 62.1 63.5 62.4 62.4 62.5 62.7 62.2

Employed

 20,689 20,890 20,787 20,737 20,556 20,640 20,874 21,002 20,826

Employment-population ratio

 59.3 58.6 58.2 59.4 58.5 58.6 58.6 58.9 58.4

Unemployed

 1,435 1,366 1,380 1,423 1,396 1,331 1,386 1,339 1,370

Unemployment rate

 6.5 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.2

Not in labor force

 12,759 13,398 13,520 12,723 13,208 13,223 13,361 13,313 13,491

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,303 10,313 10,522 10,308 10,267 10,207 10,451 10,347 10,511

Participation rate

 69.5 68.0 69.3 69.5 68.7 68.2 69.0 68.3 69.3

Employed

 9,624 9,695 9,836 9,670 9,655 9,631 9,728 9,773 9,870

Employment-population ratio

 64.9 64.0 64.8 65.2 64.6 64.4 64.2 64.5 65.1

Unemployed

 679 618 686 638 612 576 723 574 641

Unemployment rate

 6.6 6.0 6.5 6.2 6.0 5.6 6.9 5.5 6.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 11,014 11,172 10,860 11,002 10,953 10,986 11,133 11,174 10,857

Participation rate

 63.1 62.7 60.9 63.0 62.3 62.4 62.5 62.7 60.9

Employed

 10,416 10,572 10,325 10,386 10,301 10,388 10,534 10,566 10,300

Employment-population ratio

 59.7 59.3 57.9 59.5 58.6 59.0 59.2 59.3 57.8

Unemployed

 598 600 535 615 651 598 598 607 557

Unemployment rate

 5.4 5.4 4.9 5.6 5.9 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 807 770 785 851 733 778 677 820 828

Participation rate

 31.0 28.8 29.3 32.7 27.8 29.5 25.3 30.6 30.9

Employed

 649 623 626 681 600 621 612 662 655

Employment-population ratio

 24.9 23.3 23.4 26.2 22.8 23.5 22.9 24.8 24.5

Unemployed

 159 147 159 170 133 157 64 157 172

Unemployment rate

 19.6 19.1 20.3 20.0 18.1 20.2 9.5 19.2 20.8

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 17,781 19,097 19,241 17,781 18,213 18,174 19,111 19,097 19,241

Civilian labor force

 11,442 12,483 12,688 11,420 11,759 11,680 12,359 12,512 12,653

Participation rate

 64.3 65.4 65.9 64.2 64.6 64.3 64.7 65.5 65.8

Employed

 11,157 12,086 12,258 11,123 11,318 11,267 11,906 12,113 12,213

Employment-population ratio

 62.7 63.3 63.7 62.6 62.1 62.0 62.3 63.4 63.5

Unemployed

 285 398 430 296 441 413 453 399 441

Unemployment rate

 2.5 3.2 3.4 2.6 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.2 3.5

Not in labor force

 6,339 6,614 6,553 6,362 6,454 6,494 6,752 6,585 6,588

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
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Last Modified Date: April 04, 2025