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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Apr.
2024		 Mar.
2025		 Apr.
2025		 Apr.
2024		 Dec.
2024		 Jan.
2025		 Feb.
2025		 Mar.
2025		 Apr.
2025

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 204,831 207,221 207,291 204,831 205,598 207,088 207,147 207,221 207,291

Civilian labor force

 127,369 128,796 128,770 127,708 127,827 128,988 128,548 128,769 129,121

Participation rate

 62.2 62.2 62.1 62.3 62.2 62.3 62.1 62.1 62.3

Employed

 123,298 123,888 124,236 123,221 123,213 124,431 123,726 123,993 124,172

Employment-population ratio

 60.2 59.8 59.9 60.2 59.9 60.1 59.7 59.8 59.9

Unemployed

 4,071 4,908 4,534 4,487 4,614 4,557 4,822 4,776 4,948

Unemployment rate

 3.2 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.8

Not in labor force

 77,463 78,425 78,521 77,123 77,770 78,100 78,599 78,452 78,171

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 65,960 66,564 66,684 66,005 66,244 66,794 66,365 66,454 66,743

Participation rate

 69.8 69.6 69.7 69.9 69.8 69.9 69.4 69.5 69.8

Employed

 63,887 64,087 64,311 63,818 64,087 64,721 64,049 64,217 64,266

Employment-population ratio

 67.6 67.0 67.2 67.5 67.6 67.7 67.0 67.1 67.2

Unemployed

 2,073 2,477 2,373 2,187 2,156 2,073 2,316 2,237 2,477

Unemployment rate

 3.1 3.7 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 56,561 57,333 57,272 56,608 56,502 57,063 57,060 57,193 57,308

Participation rate

 57.9 58.1 58.0 58.0 57.6 57.8 57.8 57.9 58.0

Employed

 54,995 55,489 55,599 54,831 54,607 55,195 55,117 55,307 55,422

Employment-population ratio

 56.3 56.2 56.3 56.2 55.7 55.9 55.8 56.0 56.1

Unemployed

 1,565 1,844 1,673 1,776 1,895 1,868 1,943 1,887 1,886

Unemployment rate

 2.8 3.2 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.3 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,848 4,900 4,814 5,095 5,082 5,131 5,123 5,122 5,070

Participation rate

 38.2 38.2 37.6 40.1 40.0 40.0 39.9 40.0 39.6

Employed

 4,416 4,312 4,326 4,572 4,519 4,516 4,560 4,470 4,484

Employment-population ratio

 34.8 33.6 33.8 36.0 35.5 35.2 35.6 34.9 35.0

Unemployed

 433 588 488 523 563 616 562 653 586

Unemployment rate

 8.9 12.0 10.1 10.3 11.1 12.0 11.0 12.7 11.6

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 34,918 35,687 35,719 34,918 35,194 35,621 35,653 35,687 35,719

Civilian labor force

 22,021 22,166 22,173 22,047 21,971 22,260 22,340 22,196 22,189

Participation rate

 63.1 62.1 62.1 63.1 62.4 62.5 62.7 62.2 62.1

Employed

 20,892 20,787 20,886 20,804 20,640 20,874 21,002 20,826 20,790

Employment-population ratio

 59.8 58.2 58.5 59.6 58.6 58.6 58.9 58.4 58.2

Unemployed

 1,128 1,380 1,287 1,244 1,331 1,386 1,339 1,370 1,399

Unemployment rate

 5.1 6.2 5.8 5.6 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.2 6.3

Not in labor force

 12,897 13,520 13,546 12,870 13,223 13,361 13,313 13,491 13,531

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,187 10,522 10,506 10,192 10,207 10,451 10,347 10,511 10,504

Participation rate

 68.6 69.3 69.2 68.7 68.2 69.0 68.3 69.3 69.2

Employed

 9,670 9,836 9,941 9,657 9,631 9,728 9,773 9,870 9,918

Employment-population ratio

 65.2 64.8 65.5 65.1 64.4 64.2 64.5 65.1 65.3

Unemployed

 517 686 565 535 576 723 574 641 586

Unemployment rate

 5.1 6.5 5.4 5.2 5.6 6.9 5.5 6.1 5.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 11,012 10,860 10,939 10,993 10,986 11,133 11,174 10,857 10,925

Participation rate

 63.0 60.9 61.3 62.9 62.4 62.5 62.7 60.9 61.2

Employed

 10,538 10,325 10,357 10,441 10,388 10,534 10,566 10,300 10,262

Employment-population ratio

 60.3 57.9 58.0 59.8 59.0 59.2 59.3 57.8 57.5

Unemployed

 474 535 581 553 598 598 607 557 663

Unemployment rate

 4.3 4.9 5.3 5.0 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.1 6.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 822 785 729 862 778 677 820 828 760

Participation rate

 31.5 29.3 27.2 33.1 29.5 25.3 30.6 30.9 28.3

Employed

 684 626 588 706 621 612 662 655 610

Employment-population ratio

 26.2 23.4 21.9 27.1 23.5 22.9 24.8 24.5 22.8

Unemployed

 138 159 141 156 157 64 157 172 149

Unemployment rate

 16.8 20.3 19.3 18.1 20.2 9.5 19.2 20.8 19.6

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 17,816 19,241 19,270 17,816 18,174 19,111 19,097 19,241 19,270

Civilian labor force

 11,485 12,688 12,652 11,551 11,680 12,359 12,512 12,653 12,714

Participation rate

 64.5 65.9 65.7 64.8 64.3 64.7 65.5 65.8 66.0

Employed

 11,182 12,258 12,297 11,221 11,267 11,906 12,113 12,213 12,329

Employment-population ratio

 62.8 63.7 63.8 63.0 62.0 62.3 63.4 63.5 64.0

Unemployed

 302 430 355 329 413 453 399 441 385

Unemployment rate

 2.6 3.4 2.8 2.9 3.5 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.0

Not in labor force

 6,331 6,553 6,618 6,265 6,494 6,752 6,585 6,588 6,556

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
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Last Modified Date: May 02, 2025