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Economic News Release
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Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Dec.
2024		 Nov.
2025		 Dec.
2025		 Dec.
2024		 Aug.
2025		 Sept.
2025		 Oct.
2025		 Nov.
2025		 Dec.
2025

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

 205,598 207,980 208,058 205,598 207,675 207,788 - 207,980 208,058

Civilian labor force

 127,352 128,310 128,066 127,888 128,374 128,560 - 128,477 128,617

Participation rate

 61.9 61.7 61.6 62.2 61.8 61.9 - 61.8 61.8

Employed

 122,986 123,701 123,518 123,262 123,565 123,739 - 123,517 123,778

Employment-population ratio

 59.8 59.5 59.4 60.0 59.5 59.6 - 59.4 59.5

Unemployed

 4,366 4,609 4,548 4,626 4,808 4,821 - 4,960 4,838

Unemployment rate

 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 - 3.9 3.8

Not in labor force

 78,245 79,670 79,992 77,709 79,301 79,228 - 79,503 79,441

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 66,039 66,611 66,473 66,265 66,905 66,725 - 66,683 66,700

Participation rate

 69.6 69.4 69.2 69.9 69.8 69.5 - 69.4 69.4

Employed

 63,838 64,409 64,157 64,091 64,468 64,369 - 64,311 64,411

Employment-population ratio

 67.3 67.1 66.8 67.6 67.2 67.1 - 67.0 67.0

Unemployed

 2,202 2,202 2,316 2,174 2,438 2,356 - 2,371 2,289

Unemployment rate

 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.6 3.5 - 3.6 3.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 56,522 57,160 56,986 56,544 56,725 57,003 - 56,993 57,008

Participation rate

 57.7 57.6 57.4 57.7 57.3 57.5 - 57.5 57.4

Employed

 54,816 55,352 55,349 54,644 54,920 55,082 - 55,051 55,178

Employment-population ratio

 55.9 55.8 55.8 55.7 55.5 55.6 - 55.5 55.6

Unemployed

 1,706 1,808 1,637 1,900 1,805 1,921 - 1,943 1,831

Unemployment rate

 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.4 3.2 3.4 - 3.4 3.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 4,791 4,539 4,607 5,079 4,743 4,831 - 4,801 4,909

Participation rate

 37.7 35.6 36.2 39.9 37.1 37.8 - 37.7 38.5

Employed

 4,333 3,940 4,011 4,527 4,177 4,288 - 4,155 4,190

Employment-population ratio

 34.1 30.9 31.5 35.6 32.7 33.6 - 32.6 32.9

Unemployed

 458 599 596 552 565 543 - 646 719

Unemployment rate

 9.6 13.2 12.9 10.9 11.9 11.2 - 13.5 14.6

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 35,194 35,961 35,995 35,194 35,854 35,892 - 35,961 35,995

Civilian labor force

 21,822 22,941 22,539 21,979 22,445 22,598 - 22,948 22,728

Participation rate

 62.0 63.8 62.6 62.5 62.6 63.0 - 63.8 63.1

Employed

 20,593 21,109 20,978 20,639 20,749 20,892 - 21,065 21,024

Employment-population ratio

 58.5 58.7 58.3 58.6 57.9 58.2 - 58.6 58.4

Unemployed

 1,229 1,832 1,562 1,341 1,697 1,706 - 1,884 1,704

Unemployment rate

 5.6 8.0 6.9 6.1 7.6 7.6 - 8.2 7.5

Not in labor force

 13,372 13,020 13,456 13,215 13,409 13,294 - 13,013 13,267

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,137 10,763 10,577 10,219 10,644 10,594 - 10,776 10,669

Participation rate

 67.8 70.3 69.0 68.3 69.8 69.4 - 70.4 69.6

Employed

 9,587 9,981 9,888 9,636 9,893 9,889 - 9,969 9,938

Employment-population ratio

 64.1 65.2 64.5 64.4 64.9 64.8 - 65.1 64.9

Unemployed

 550 783 689 583 751 705 - 807 731

Unemployment rate

 5.4 7.3 6.5 5.7 7.1 6.7 - 7.5 6.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

 10,928 11,272 11,154 10,978 11,016 11,106 - 11,238 11,222

Participation rate

 62.1 62.7 62.0 62.4 61.5 61.9 - 62.5 62.4

Employed

 10,386 10,487 10,406 10,383 10,265 10,275 - 10,440 10,403

Employment-population ratio

 59.0 58.3 57.8 59.0 57.3 57.3 - 58.1 57.8

Unemployed

 542 785 748 595 750 831 - 798 820

Unemployment rate

 5.0 7.0 6.7 5.4 6.8 7.5 - 7.1 7.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

 757 905 809 782 786 898 - 934 837

Participation rate

 28.7 33.8 30.2 29.7 29.3 33.5 - 34.8 31.2

Employed

 620 642 684 620 590 728 - 656 684

Employment-population ratio

 23.5 23.9 25.5 23.5 22.0 27.1 - 24.4 25.5

Unemployed

 137 264 125 163 196 170 - 278 153

Unemployment rate

 18.1 29.1 15.5 20.8 24.9 18.9 - 29.8 18.3

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

 18,174 19,836 19,788 18,174 19,408 19,519 - 19,836 19,788

Civilian labor force

 11,626 13,052 12,997 11,664 12,624 12,751 - 13,083 13,036

Participation rate

 64.0 65.8 65.7 64.2 65.0 65.3 - 66.0 65.9

Employed

 11,242 12,593 12,557 11,250 12,172 12,197 - 12,617 12,565

Employment-population ratio

 61.9 63.5 63.5 61.9 62.7 62.5 - 63.6 63.5

Unemployed

 383 459 441 413 453 553 - 466 471

Unemployment rate

 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6 4.3 - 3.6 3.6

Not in labor force

 6,548 6,784 6,790 6,510 6,783 6,769 - 6,753 6,752

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.
Table of Contents
Last Modified Date: January 09, 2026