Table 1. Workers who could work at home, did work at home, and were paid for work at home, by selected characteristics, averages for the period 2024-2025

Table 1. Workers who could work at home, did work at home, and were paid for work at home, by selected characteristics, averages for the period 2024-2025
Characteristic	Total workers (in thousands)	Workers who could work at home
		Total (in thou- sands)	Percent of total workers	Workers who did work at home
				Total (in thou- sands)	Percent of total workers	Percent distribution by whether at-home work was for pay
				Total (in thou- sands)	Percent of total workers	Total	Paid	Unpaid	Both
Age
Total, 15 years and over	151,490	55,899	36.9	50,886	33.6	100.0	89.2	6.1	4.7
15 to 24 years	22,534	3,141	13.9	2,548	11.3	s	s	s	s
25 to 34 years	35,371	14,067	39.8	12,856	36.3	100.0	89.9	5.6	4.4
35 to 44 years	33,520	15,134	45.1	13,931	41.6	100.0	90.9	4.4	4.7
45 to 54 years	28,735	11,646	40.5	10,748	37.4	100.0	87.1	6.8	6.1
55 to 64 years	21,795	8,840	40.6	8,102	37.2	100.0	87.2	8.5	4.4
65 years and over	9,535	3,070	32.2	2,702	28.3	100.0	89.2	6.0	4.8
Sex
Men	78,956	27,562	34.9	25,331	32.1	100.0	88.8	6.6	4.6
Women	72,534	28,336	39.1	25,555	35.2	100.0	89.7	5.6	4.8
Race(1)
White	117,311	43,194	36.8	39,015	33.3	100.0	88.2	6.9	4.9
Black or African American	19,628	6,134	31.3	5,576	28.4	100.0	93.7	2.7	3.6
Asian	10,294	5,292	51.4	5,043	49.0	100.0	93.1	4.3	2.6
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity(2)
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	30,290	6,705	22.1	5,896	19.5	100.0	85.9	6.9	7.1
Non-Hispanic or Latino	121,200	49,194	40.6	44,990	37.1	100.0	89.6	6.0	4.4
Educational attainment (25 years and over)
Less than a high school diploma	7,529	259	3.4	193	2.6	s	s	s	s
High school graduates, no college	31,732	5,338	16.8	4,850	15.3	100.0	88.3	6.0	5.8
Some college or associate degree	26,327	8,210	31.2	7,129	27.1	100.0	88.7	6.3	5.0
Bachelor's degree and higher	63,369	38,950	61.5	36,166	57.1	100.0	89.2	6.0	4.8
Parent of a household child
Parent of a household child under 18 years	47,477	19,740	41.6	18,082	38.1	100.0	88.9	7.1	4.0
Parent of a child 13 to 17 years (none younger)	10,062	3,844	38.2	3,506	34.8	100.0	85.4	8.4	6.2
Parent of a child under 13 years	37,415	15,896	42.5	14,576	39.0	100.0	89.8	6.8	3.5
Not a parent of a household child under 18 years	104,014	36,158	34.8	32,804	31.5	100.0	89.4	5.5	5.1
Occupation
Management, business, and financial operations	26,106	19,381	74.2	17,707	67.8	100.0	89.5	4.6	5.9
Professional and related	43,567	22,967	52.7	21,052	48.3	100.0	89.1	6.7	4.2
Services	23,282	1,844	7.9	1,523	6.5	100.0	78.1	12.4	9.5
Sales and related	11,810	3,793	32.1	3,530	29.9	100.0	84.3	11.9	3.8
Office and administrative support	14,976	6,008	40.1	5,445	36.4	100.0	95.6	1.7	2.7
Farming, fishing, and forestry	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s
Construction and extraction	5,848	458	7.8	389	6.6	s	s	s	s
Installation, maintenance, and repair	5,234	507	9.7	463	8.8	s	s	s	s
Production	8,669	577	6.7	485	5.6	s	s	s	s
Transportation and material moving	10,937	269	2.5	197	1.8	s	s	s	s
Industry
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s	s
Construction	7,995	1,827	22.9	1,606	20.1	100.0	84.8	6.2	9.0
Manufacturing	16,137	5,954	36.9	5,372	33.3	100.0	85.8	6.9	7.2
Wholesale and retail trade	18,855	3,797	20.1	3,345	17.7	100.0	90.0	7.6	2.4
Transportation and utilities	9,235	1,879	20.3	1,722	18.6	100.0	88.8	0.6	10.6
Information	2,796	2,028	72.5	1,931	69.0	100.0	96.5	2.3	1.2
Financial activities	9,304	7,468	80.3	7,090	76.2	100.0	90.9	4.7	4.4
Professional and business services	20,943	13,815	66.0	13,154	62.8	100.0	94.8	3.8	1.5
Education and health services	37,769	12,207	32.3	10,631	28.1	100.0	83.1	11.1	5.9
Leisure and hospitality	13,163	1,150	8.7	951	7.2	s	s	s	s
Other services	5,576	2,074	37.2	1,816	32.6	100.0	89.3	7.7	3.0
Public administration	7,435	3,366	45.3	2,969	39.9	100.0	88.6	3.5	7.9
Class of worker
Private sector	127,651	47,899	37.5	43,869	34.4	100.0	90.4	5.3	4.2
Private, for profit	113,693	41,091	36.1	37,913	33.3	100.0	90.4	5.3	4.3
Private, not for profit	13,959	6,808	48.8	5,956	42.7	100.0	90.9	5.6	3.5
Public sector	23,839	7,999	33.6	7,018	29.4	100.0	81.6	10.7	7.7
Federal government	4,577	1,876	41.0	1,728	37.7	100.0	88.7	2.9	8.4
State government	8,116	3,399	41.9	3,166	39.0	100.0	82.5	12.1	5.4
Local government	11,146	2,724	24.4	2,124	19.1	100.0	74.6	14.8	10.6
Full- and part-time status (single jobholders only)(3)
Full-time workers	111,686	46,263	41.4	42,532	38.1	100.0	88.8	6.7	4.6
Part-time workers	27,294	4,838	17.7	3,993	14.6	100.0	94.5	3.0	2.4
Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers (single jobholders only)
Earnings less than or equal to the 25th percentile	28,286	3,847	13.6	3,396	12.0	100.0	88.9	8.7	2.4
Earnings from 25th to 50th percentiles	28,076	9,328	33.2	8,305	29.6	100.0	87.2	9.5	3.3
Earnings from 50th to 75th percentiles	27,440	13,433	49.0	12,233	44.6	100.0	86.5	7.5	6.1
Earnings greater than the 75th percentile	27,884	19,655	70.5	18,597	66.7	100.0	90.9	4.5	4.6
Work schedule flexibility(4)
Had flexible schedule	85,878	43,681	50.9	40,321	47.0	100.0	90.4	4.8	4.8
Did not have flexible schedule	65,612	12,218	18.6	10,566	16.1	100.0	84.7	10.9	4.4
(1) Estimates for race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to the totals because data are not presented for all races. (2) People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. (3) Full-time workers usually work 35 hours or more per week. Part-time workers usually work less than 35 hours per week. (4) Workers with flexible schedules were able to vary or change the times they began and stopped working. s - Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.
Note: Data refer to wage and salary workers at their main jobs. All self-employed workers (including workers with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses) are excluded. Unless otherwise specified, data refer to workers 15 years and over.

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Last Modified Date: September 24, 2026