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Economic News Release
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Table 6. Workers without flexible work schedules whose employers decided their schedules, and how far in advance they knew their schedules, by selected characteristics, averages for the period 2017-2018

Table 6. Workers without flexible work schedules whose employers decided their schedules, and how far in advance they knew their schedules, by selected characteristics, averages for the period 2017-2018
Characteristic Total, workers
without flexible
schedules(1) (in
thousands)		 Workers
without flexible
work schedules(1)
as a percent of
total workers		 Workers without flexible work schedules(1) whose employers decided their schedules
Total
(in
thousands)		 Percent of
total
workers		 Percent distribution by how far in advance workers knew their work
schedules
Total Less than 1
week		 1 to 2 weeks 2 to 4 weeks 4 weeks or
more

Age

Total, 15 years and over

 62,762 43.5 51,255 35.5 100.0 14.5 11.1 7.5 66.9

15 to 24 years

 7,903 37.1 5,682 26.7 100.0 17.2 23.8 14.4 44.5

25 to 34 years

 14,851 44.1 12,644 37.5 100.0 12.4 8.7 7.5 71.4

35 to 44 years

 12,843 42.6 10,387 34.4 100.0 11.9 8.7 6.3 73.1

45 to 54 years

 13,791 46.8 11,588 39.3 100.0 15.4 11.5 5.3 67.8

55 to 64 years

 10,476 46.5 8,625 38.3 100.0 16.1 7.9 7.2 68.7

65 years and over

 2,897 40.5 2,329 32.5 100.0 20.0 13.9 7.4 58.7

Sex

Men

 32,047 42.8 26,458 35.4 100.0 19.7 13.5 6.1 60.6

Women

 30,715 44.2 24,797 35.7 100.0 8.9 8.6 8.9 73.7

Race(2)

White

 49,856 43.3 40,999 35.6 100.0 14.0 10.4 7.6 68.0

Black or African American

 8,121 45.3 6,471 36.1 100.0 17.6 12.9 6.4 63.1

Asian

 3,552 45.3 2,735 34.8 100.0 8.6 14.9 10.0 66.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity(3)

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

 12,101 49.6 10,263 42.1 100.0 23.1 14.7 5.1 57.1

Non-Hispanic or Latino

 50,661 42.2 40,993 34.2 100.0 12.3 10.2 8.1 69.4

Educational attainment (25 years and over)

Less than a high school diploma

 4,219 62.6 3,780 56.1 100.0 32.3 11.2 2.2 54.4

High school graduates, no college

 16,731 53.2 14,168 45.1 100.0 20.5 12.7 6.5 60.3

Some college or associate degree

 13,740 46.7 11,314 38.5 100.0 12.3 9.7 8.7 69.3

Bachelor's degree and higher

 20,169 36.4 16,310 29.4 100.0 5.6 6.3 6.3 81.8

Parent of a household child

Parent of a household child under 18 years

 21,188 44.4 17,619 36.9 100.0 12.0 9.4 6.8 71.8

Parent of a child 13 to 17 years (none younger)

 4,606 46.0 3,970 39.7 100.0 9.5 9.0 6.9 74.6

Parent of a child under 13 years

 16,581 44.0 13,649 36.2 100.0 12.7 9.5 6.8 71.0

Not a parent of a household child under 18 years

 41,574 43.0 33,636 34.8 100.0 15.8 12.0 7.8 64.4

Occupation

Management, business, and financial operations

 5,946 26.1 4,364 19.2 100.0 5.2 5.8 4.9 84.1

Professional and related

 17,259 42.8 14,061 34.9 100.0 5.3 5.9 7.7 81.1

Services

 10,654 45.2 8,596 36.5 100.0 16.5 16.8 14.2 52.4

Sales and related

 3,678 32.6 2,644 23.4 100.0 14.2 29.7 12.1 44.0

Office and administrative support

 8,109 42.8 6,604 34.8 100.0 11.2 8.1 9.1 71.6

Farming, fishing, and forestry

 s s s s s s s s s

Construction and extraction

 3,872 66.2 3,343 57.1 100.0 42.7 8.5 1.6 47.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair

 2,240 55.3 1,823 45.0 100.0 24.1 8.6 1.8 65.5

Production

 5,880 68.7 5,566 65.0 100.0 15.6 14.6 2.9 66.9

Transportation and material moving

 4,457 56.7 3,754 47.8 100.0 27.8 14.7 3.9 53.7

Industry

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting

 803 49.1 604 37.0 s s s s s

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

 s s s s s s s s s

Construction

 3,906 56.9 3,230 47.1 100.0 43.7 10.2 1.4 44.6

Manufacturing

 7,840 48.4 7,176 44.3 100.0 19.2 11.9 2.8 66.1

Wholesale and retail trade

 7,105 39.4 5,548 30.8 100.0 15.0 23.3 11.4 50.2

Transportation and utilities

 3,841 52.2 3,184 43.3 100.0 23.5 12.5 4.2 59.8

Information

 882 32.8 612 22.8 s s s s s

Financial activities

 3,302 31.8 2,499 24.1 100.0 3.1 6.5 3.9 86.5

Professional and business services

 4,712 28.1 4,013 23.9 100.0 20.0 5.9 5.3 68.8

Education and health services

 20,363 54.6 16,991 45.6 100.0 5.9 4.3 9.2 80.7

Leisure and hospitality

 4,497 33.4 3,360 25.0 100.0 17.1 30.4 20.4 32.1

Other services

 2,042 37.3 1,418 25.9 100.0 10.2 17.9 7.8 64.1

Public administration

 3,247 43.0 2,457 32.5 100.0 6.5 9.8 4.7 79.0

Class of worker

Private sector

 48,164 40.5 39,176 33.0 100.0 16.9 12.6 8.2 62.4

Private, for profit

 42,993 40.2 35,283 33.0 100.0 17.8 13.0 8.4 60.7

Private, not for profit

 5,172 43.8 3,893 33.0 100.0 8.2 8.5 6.1 77.2

Public sector

 14,597 57.4 12,079 47.5 100.0 6.7 6.4 5.2 81.7

Federal government

 1,919 41.8 1,327 28.9 100.0 12.5 16.6 6.5 64.4

State government

 4,641 52.7 3,841 43.6 100.0 6.0 5.7 5.8 82.5

Local government

 8,037 66.9 6,912 57.5 100.0 6.0 4.8 4.6 84.6

Full- and part-time status (single jobholders only)(4)

Full-time workers

 48,416 45.5 40,022 37.6 100.0 13.9 10.2 6.1 69.9

Part-time workers

 9,133 35.3 7,030 27.2 100.0 19.5 17.5 14.8 48.1

Usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary
workers (single jobholders only)

Earnings less than or equal to the 25th percentile

 13,973 55.4 11,598 46.0 100.0 15.5 15.3 5.7 63.4

Earnings from 25th to 50th percentiles

 13,814 52.1 11,998 45.2 100.0 11.7 8.7 8.3 71.3

Earnings from 50th to 75th percentiles

 12,514 46.0 10,140 37.3 100.0 14.5 8.0 4.8 72.6

Earnings greater than the 75th percentile

 8,115 29.6 6,286 22.9 100.0 13.8 6.8 4.7 74.8

Workplace flexibility(5)

Could work at home

 7,328 17.6 5,338 12.8 100.0 5.0 4.5 5.2 85.3

Could not work at home

 55,266 54.0 45,780 44.7 100.0 15.6 11.9 7.7 64.7

(1) Workers without flexible schedules were not able to vary or change the times they began and stopped working.
(2) Estimates for race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to the total because data are not presented for all races.
(3) Persons of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity may be of any race.
(4) Full-time workers usually work 35 hours or more per week. Part-time workers usually work less than 35 hours per week.
(5) The subcategories do not sum to the total because a small number of workers did not provide this information.
s - Estimate is suppressed because it does not meet the American Time Use Survey publication standards.

Note: Data refer to wage and salary workers at their main jobs. All self-employed workers (including workers with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses) are excluded. Unless otherwise specified, data refer to workers 15 years and over.

Table of Contents

Last Modified Date: September 24, 2019