State Employment and Unemployment (Monthly) News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, November 19, 2024	                               USDL-24-2362

Technical information: 
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov    *  www.bls.gov/sae   
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                       STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- OCTOBER 2024


Unemployment rates were lower in October in 3 states, higher in 1 state, and stable in 46
states and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Twenty-four states and the District had jobless rate increases from a year earlier, 6 states
had decreases, and 20 states had little change. The national unemployment rate was unchanged
over the month at 4.1 percent but was 0.3 percentage point higher than in October 2023.

Nonfarm payroll employment decreased in 2 states and was essentially unchanged in 48 states
and the District of Columbia in October 2024. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment
increased in 27 states and was essentially unchanged in 23 states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and
unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to
individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that
measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on
payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about the
concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

  ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 | 											      |
 |                              Hurricanes and Strike Activity 				      |
 |  											      |
 | October data from the household and establishment surveys are the first collected since    |
 | Hurricanes Helene and Milton struck the United States. These hurricanes caused severe      |
 | damage in the southeast portion of the country. Also, strike activity in the manufacturing |
 | industry kept a substantial number of workers off payrolls during the establishment survey |
 | reference period. See the note at the end of this news release for more information.	      |
 |____________________________________________________________________________________________|


Unemployment

South Dakota had the lowest jobless rate in October, 1.9 percent. The District of Columbia and
Nevada had the highest unemployment rates, 5.7 percent each. In total, 24 states had unemployment
rates lower than the U.S. figure of 4.1 percent, 3 states and the District had higher rates,
and 23 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See
tables A and 1.)

In October, three states had unemployment rate decreases: Connecticut and Delaware (-0.2
percentage point each) and South Dakota (-0.1 point). Iowa had the only rate increase (+0.1
percentage point). Forty-six states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were
not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least
as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)

Twenty-four states and the District of Columbia had unemployment rate increases from October
2023, the largest of which was in South Carolina (+1.7 percentage points). Six states had
over-the-year rate decreases, the largest of which was in Connecticut (-1.2 percentage points).
Twenty states had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a year earlier,
though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant changes.
(See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment decreased in 2 states and was essentially unchanged in 48 states
and the District of Columbia in October 2024. Job losses occurred in Florida (-38,000, or -0.4
percent) and Washington (-35,900, or -1.0 percent). (See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 27 states and was essentially unchanged
in 23 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+274,600),
California (+212,100), and New York (+133,600). The largest percentage increase occurred in
Idaho (+3.1 percent), followed by Missouri and South Carolina (+2.7 percent each). (See table E.)

_____________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for October is scheduled to
be released on Wednesday, November 27, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and
Unemployment news release for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 20,
2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


  ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 | 											      |								      
 |                              Hurricanes and Strike Activity  		              |
 |											      |
 | Hurricane Helene made landfall on Florida’s Gulf Coast on September 26, 2024, and then     |
 | tracked north into several other states. This was before the October reference periods     |
 | for both the household and establishment surveys.					      |
 |											      |
 | Hurricane Milton struck Florida on October 9, 2024, during the reference periods for both  |
 | surveys. Prior to the storm’s landfall, there were large-scale evacuations of Florida      |
 | residents. 										      |
 |											      |
 | In October, the household survey was conducted largely according to standard procedures,   |
 | and response rates were within normal ranges for the affected states. 		      |
 |											      |
 | The initial establishment survey collection rate for October was well below average.	      |
 | However, collection rates were similar in storm-affected areas and unaffected areas.	      |
 | A larger influence on the October collection rate for establishment data was the timing    |
 | and length of the collection period. This period, which can range from 10 to 16 days,      |
 | lasted 10 days in October and was completed several days before the end of the month.      |
 |											      |
 | No changes were made to either the establishment or household survey estimation procedures |
 | for the October data. It is likely that payroll employment estimates in some states were   |
 | affected by the hurricanes; however, it is not possible to quantify the net effect on the  |
 | over-the-month change in employment, hours, or earnings estimates because the              |
 | establishment survey is not designed to isolate effects from extreme weather events.       |
 |											      |
 | For information on how unusually severe weather can affect employment and hours estimates, |
 | see question 8 in the Frequently Asked Questions section of the Employment Situation news  |
 | release at www.bls.gov/news.release/empsit.faq.htm.					      |
 |											      |
 | New strike activity in the manufacturing sector began in September. It is likely that      |
 | October payroll employment estimates in some states were affected by the strike activity;  |
 | however, it is not possible to quantify the net effect on the over-the-month change in     |
 | employment, hours, or earnings estimates. The Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey   |
 | is not designed to isolate effects from strikes.	                                      |
 | 											      |
 | For more information on current strike activity, see the CES Strike Report at	      |
 | www.bls.gov/ces/publications/strike-report.htm.					      |
 |____________________________________________________________________________________________|
 


Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different
from that of the U.S., October 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------
                State                |          Rate(p)
--------------------------------------------------------------
United States (1) ...................|           4.1
                                     |
Alabama .............................|           2.9
Arkansas ............................|           3.3
California ..........................|           5.4
Connecticut .........................|           3.0
District of Columbia ................|           5.7
Florida .............................|           3.3
Hawaii ..............................|           2.9
Illinois ............................|           5.3
Iowa ................................|           3.0
Kansas ..............................|           3.4
                                     |
Maine ...............................|           2.9
Maryland ............................|           3.0
Minnesota ...........................|           3.4
Mississippi .........................|           2.9
Montana .............................|           3.3
Nebraska ............................|           2.7
Nevada ..............................|           5.7
New Hampshire .......................|           2.5
North Dakota ........................|           2.4
Oklahoma ............................|           3.3
                                     |
Pennsylvania ........................|           3.4
South Dakota ........................|           1.9
Tennessee ...........................|           3.3
Utah ................................|           3.5
Vermont .............................|           2.3
Virginia ............................|           2.9
Wisconsin ...........................|           2.9
Wyoming .............................|           3.2
--------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) Data are not preliminary.
   (p) = preliminary.



Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from September 2024 to October 2024, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month
             State              | September |  October  |    change(p)
                                |   2024    |  2024(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connecticut ....................|     3.2   |     3.0   |      -0.2
Delaware .......................|     4.2   |     4.0   |       -.2
Iowa ...........................|     2.9   |     3.0   |        .1
South Dakota ...................|     2.0   |     1.9   |       -.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from October 2023 to October 2024, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------|  Over-the-year
             State              |  October  |  October  |    change(p)
                                |   2023    |  2024(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Arizona ........................|     4.2   |     3.6   |      -0.6
Arkansas .......................|     3.7   |     3.3   |       -.4
California .....................|     5.1   |     5.4   |        .3
Colorado .......................|     3.3   |     4.1   |        .8
Connecticut ....................|     4.2   |     3.0   |      -1.2
District of Columbia ...........|     4.9   |     5.7   |        .8
Florida ........................|     3.1   |     3.3   |        .2
Georgia ........................|     3.2   |     3.6   |        .4
Idaho ..........................|     3.3   |     3.7   |        .4
Illinois .......................|     4.8   |     5.3   |        .5
                                |           |           |
Indiana ........................|     3.5   |     4.4   |        .9
Kansas .........................|     2.6   |     3.4   |        .8
Kentucky .......................|     4.3   |     5.0   |        .7
Maine ..........................|     3.4   |     2.9   |       -.5
Maryland .......................|     2.3   |     3.0   |        .7
Massachusetts ..................|     3.4   |     3.9   |        .5
Michigan .......................|     4.2   |     4.7   |        .5
Minnesota ......................|     2.8   |     3.4   |        .6
Missouri .......................|     3.3   |     3.8   |        .5
Nebraska .......................|     2.5   |     2.7   |        .2
                                |           |           |
Nevada .........................|     5.3   |     5.7   |        .4
New York .......................|     4.6   |     4.4   |       -.2
North Dakota ...................|     1.9   |     2.4   |        .5
Ohio ...........................|     3.6   |     4.3   |        .7
Rhode Island ...................|     3.4   |     4.6   |       1.2
South Carolina .................|     3.0   |     4.7   |       1.7
Texas ..........................|     3.9   |     4.1   |        .2
Utah ...........................|     2.8   |     3.5   |        .7
Washington .....................|     4.4   |     4.7   |        .3
Wisconsin ......................|     3.4   |     2.9   |       -.5
Wyoming ........................|     2.9   |     3.2   |        .3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from
September 2024 to October 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             | Over-the-month change(p)
            State             |   September |   October   |---------------------------
                              |     2024    |    2024(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Florida ......................|   9,984,000 |   9,946,000 |     -38,000 |      -0.4
Washington ...................|   3,668,500 |   3,632,600 |     -35,900 |      -1.0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from
October 2023 to October 2024, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             |  Over-the-year change(p)
            State             |   October   |   October   |---------------------------
                              |     2023    |    2024(p)  |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ......................|   2,170,500 |   2,213,500 |      43,000 |      2.0
Alaska .......................|     332,400 |     339,500 |       7,100 |      2.1
Arizona ......................|   3,208,700 |   3,276,500 |      67,800 |      2.1
Arkansas .....................|   1,354,400 |   1,376,100 |      21,700 |      1.6
California ...................|  17,878,100 |  18,090,200 |     212,100 |      1.2
Colorado .....................|   2,960,300 |   3,019,800 |      59,500 |      2.0
Florida ......................|   9,812,800 |   9,946,000 |     133,200 |      1.4
Georgia ......................|   4,920,600 |   4,985,500 |      64,900 |      1.3
Idaho ........................|     855,200 |     881,500 |      26,300 |      3.1
Indiana ......................|   3,252,600 |   3,305,300 |      52,700 |      1.6
                              |             |             |             |       
Kansas .......................|   1,446,200 |   1,467,100 |      20,900 |      1.4
Michigan .....................|   4,440,100 |   4,493,500 |      53,400 |      1.2
Minnesota ....................|   2,997,200 |   3,031,800 |      34,600 |      1.2
Missouri .....................|   2,989,200 |   3,070,900 |      81,700 |      2.7
Montana ......................|     522,900 |     535,800 |      12,900 |      2.5
Nebraska .....................|   1,055,700 |   1,078,100 |      22,400 |      2.1
New York .....................|   9,737,500 |   9,871,100 |     133,600 |      1.4
North Carolina ...............|   4,949,000 |   5,024,800 |      75,800 |      1.5
Ohio .........................|   5,629,000 |   5,682,000 |      53,000 |       .9
Oklahoma .....................|   1,761,600 |   1,790,100 |      28,500 |      1.6
                              |             |             |             |       
Pennsylvania .................|   6,106,900 |   6,204,700 |      97,800 |      1.6
South Carolina ...............|   2,328,600 |   2,390,400 |      61,800 |      2.7
Tennessee ....................|   3,295,800 |   3,341,000 |      45,200 |      1.4
Texas ........................|  14,001,700 |  14,276,300 |     274,600 |      2.0
Utah .........................|   1,738,500 |   1,771,100 |      32,600 |      1.9
Vermont ......................|     309,000 |     316,600 |       7,600 |      2.5
Virginia .....................|   4,182,500 |   4,250,300 |      67,800 |      1.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.

Technical Note

   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states and selected substate
   areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program (tables 1 and 2).  Also presented are
   nonfarm payroll employment estimates by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment
   Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
   endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions
   as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a
   sample survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census
   Bureau. The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place of-residence basis. The
   universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. Employed people
   are those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the  
   12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus those not working
   who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as bad weather,
   labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation.
   
   Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week (based on the definition above),
   had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently
   available for work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed.
   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is the number of
   unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale
   metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of California and New York State are produced using 
   time-series models. This method, which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes
   data from several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) programs.
   Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-
   Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are 
   derived by summing the estimates for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five
   additional substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn
   metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach Kendall, and Seattle-
   Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their respective balances of state are produced using a similar
   model-based approach.
   
   Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs from the CPS only and 
   controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their respective census division
   totals. Substate and balance-of-state estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their
   respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called
   real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the
   CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS upon request.

   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect adjustments made after
   the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data from the U.S. Census Bureau,
   any revisions in the other data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the most
   recent five years are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 
   estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time series models in 2021, historical data were
   re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

   Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend,
   seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals of employed and unemployed people first are 
   adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are smoothed using a 
   Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and
   unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is calculated
   as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment
   rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website.
   
   During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are 
   created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from previous observations only. For annual
   revisions, historical data are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

   Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the delineations that were issued
   by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A detailed list of the geographic definitions
   is available online at www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment--from the CES program

   Definitions. Employment data refer to people on establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the
   pay period that includes the 12th of the month. People are counted at their place of work rather than at their
   place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are 
   classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North American
   Industry Classification System. 

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several estimation procedures.
   Where possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link relative" estimation technique in which a ratio
   of current month weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a
   sample of establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current month are then
   obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link relative
   technique is utilized for data series where the sample size meets certain statistical criteria. For some
   employment series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct sample estimates (described above)
   combined with other regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

   Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks,
   derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by employers who are covered under state unemployment
   insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new 
   benchmark and the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark month. Thus,
   the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-
   month changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions is available
   online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector 
   level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the
   independently adjusted supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total
   is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a year,
   coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
   
   Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates, including those
   for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent sample-based factors are created
   every month for the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous month’s final estimate. 

   Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each
   individual state. BLS independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are not forced to
   sum to national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative sampling and nonsampling errors than
   the national series. Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors and can cause significant
   distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states"
   employment series and cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile error
   structure.

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and,
   thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability--
   that is, variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. 
   Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data 
   collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to 
   additional errors resulting from the specific estimation processes used.

   Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in
   the analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be statistically significant at the 90-
   percent confidence level. Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month generally are cited 
   only if they have been determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent
   confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month
   and over-the-year changes in rates are available at www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard
   error measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state payroll employment data at the total
   nonfarm and supersector levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of nonsampling
   error are not available.

Additional information

   Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll
   employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan divisions are available in the
   news release Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force, employed
   people, unemployed people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas are available
   online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are
   available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability,
   please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Number				Percent of labor force
					Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)
Alabama	2,326,050	2,343,599	2,345,968	2,350,134	64,027	66,621	67,395	69,271	2.8	2.8	2.9	2.9
Alaska	358,767	357,506	357,982	358,186	16,465	16,290	16,288	16,461	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.6
Arizona	3,721,996	3,761,625	3,761,058	3,757,281	157,513	128,567	132,406	135,575	4.2	3.4	3.5	3.6
Arkansas	1,384,386	1,405,421	1,408,792	1,412,007	51,119	46,741	45,811	45,934	3.7	3.3	3.3	3.3
California	19,336,168	19,382,932	19,397,374	19,404,649	990,811	1,020,382	1,032,155	1,045,289	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.4
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,003,913	5,061,172	5,077,664	5,090,081	263,369	284,639	292,886	300,411	5.3	5.6	5.8	5.9
Colorado	3,238,821	3,247,037	3,249,281	3,253,557	107,391	128,491	130,804	134,680	3.3	4.0	4.0	4.1
Connecticut	1,899,649	1,902,540	1,900,442	1,901,436	79,578	65,498	61,379	57,704	4.2	3.4	3.2	3.0
Delaware	509,885	505,131	504,756	504,000	20,891	21,334	20,960	20,222	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.0
District of Columbia	401,939	407,425	406,464	405,819	19,758	23,243	23,327	23,057	4.9	5.7	5.7	5.7
Florida	11,060,452	11,043,676	11,037,856	11,028,807	340,910	368,357	367,704	369,239	3.1	3.3	3.3	3.3
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,385,119	1,401,813	1,403,987	1,404,360	24,400	34,027	33,366	33,324	1.8	2.4	2.4	2.4
Georgia	5,330,843	5,410,692	5,415,326	5,416,696	171,744	192,585	195,606	196,202	3.2	3.6	3.6	3.6
Hawaii	675,640	670,260	670,379	671,153	20,528	19,174	19,280	19,289	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.9
Idaho	967,717	985,725	989,690	993,428	32,313	34,936	35,767	36,468	3.3	3.5	3.6	3.7
Illinois	6,469,641	6,526,785	6,529,351	6,537,593	307,973	343,135	343,673	346,366	4.8	5.3	5.3	5.3
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,818,158	3,872,419	3,880,553	3,894,232	173,176	203,600	205,523	210,098	4.5	5.3	5.3	5.4
Indiana	3,409,706	3,398,158	3,417,853	3,432,973	118,848	141,098	147,869	150,505	3.5	4.2	4.3	4.4
Iowa	1,705,476	1,683,858	1,684,025	1,684,159	52,994	48,403	49,421	51,007	3.1	2.9	2.9	3.0
Kansas	1,508,191	1,510,348	1,512,601	1,516,809	39,299	49,604	50,433	51,761	2.6	3.3	3.3	3.4
Kentucky	2,026,132	2,061,621	2,069,031	2,075,061	86,994	99,169	101,597	102,996	4.3	4.8	4.9	5.0
Louisiana	2,076,981	2,076,223	2,075,135	2,073,006	82,734	80,502	81,488	85,172	4.0	3.9	3.9	4.1
Maine	691,757	701,986	704,382	706,136	23,453	19,691	20,053	20,677	3.4	2.8	2.8	2.9
Maryland	3,198,014	3,226,097	3,227,316	3,231,829	73,224	94,562	94,016	95,873	2.3	2.9	2.9	3.0
Massachusetts	3,755,171	3,844,047	3,850,557	3,853,644	127,066	143,085	146,819	149,657	3.4	3.7	3.8	3.9
Michigan	5,046,492	5,054,731	5,055,315	5,051,939	209,625	225,503	229,078	234,929	4.2	4.5	4.5	4.7
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,204,875	2,196,966	2,189,165	2,179,568	88,832	99,814	99,968	101,639	4.0	4.5	4.6	4.7
Minnesota	3,096,836	3,093,697	3,094,308	3,097,347	85,757	103,235	105,567	105,856	2.8	3.3	3.4	3.4
Mississippi	1,230,594	1,246,387	1,250,658	1,255,687	39,354	33,536	34,679	36,659	3.2	2.7	2.8	2.9
Missouri	3,100,265	3,150,160	3,151,568	3,154,376	101,875	122,290	121,636	120,008	3.3	3.9	3.9	3.8
Montana	576,751	581,140	582,174	582,200	18,978	18,620	19,398	19,153	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.3
Nebraska	1,056,231	1,053,715	1,054,455	1,056,058	26,548	27,932	28,379	28,881	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.7
Nevada	1,613,220	1,620,853	1,621,823	1,623,202	85,320	89,740	91,101	91,828	5.3	5.5	5.6	5.7
New Hampshire	761,931	770,835	772,014	772,812	19,920	20,073	19,426	19,088	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.5
New Jersey	4,832,097	4,849,802	4,846,506	4,845,006	232,532	231,392	229,079	227,008	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.7
New Mexico	967,820	975,928	977,313	979,070	38,457	40,054	40,901	42,074	4.0	4.1	4.2	4.3
New York	9,753,499	9,712,516	9,709,118	9,705,707	444,709	425,831	426,760	425,659	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.4
New York City	4,152,331	4,211,042	4,212,091	4,207,879	221,106	219,160	224,188	225,878	5.3	5.2	5.3	5.4
North Carolina	5,251,275	5,267,076	5,266,034	5,264,168	188,410	199,593	197,877	196,774	3.6	3.8	3.8	3.7
North Dakota	416,841	418,956	419,154	419,455	7,890	9,598	9,747	9,921	1.9	2.3	2.3	2.4
Ohio	5,794,663	5,863,008	5,876,928	5,888,375	210,845	262,907	263,026	255,540	3.6	4.5	4.5	4.3
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,038,174	1,032,258	1,037,765	1,042,700	38,567	42,385	42,015	40,595	3.7	4.1	4.0	3.9
Oklahoma	1,981,704	1,995,620	1,998,774	1,998,572	70,117	68,558	68,414	66,771	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.3
Oregon	2,168,255	2,192,076	2,191,748	2,193,548	85,951	87,627	87,708	88,602	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
Pennsylvania	6,537,482	6,580,413	6,555,913	6,531,325	220,716	222,957	221,810	223,392	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4
Rhode Island	576,083	591,764	591,333	590,481	19,525	27,333	27,211	27,161	3.4	4.6	4.6	4.6
South Carolina	2,470,729	2,522,515	2,527,275	2,531,314	74,511	107,891	113,975	118,125	3.0	4.3	4.5	4.7
South Dakota	481,769	483,201	484,012	485,070	9,967	9,587	9,454	9,158	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.9
Tennessee	3,382,404	3,412,107	3,413,766	3,415,065	116,940	105,863	110,628	114,088	3.5	3.1	3.2	3.3
Texas	15,136,250	15,398,362	15,449,824	15,497,080	590,482	626,946	630,109	638,407	3.9	4.1	4.1	4.1
Utah	1,803,693	1,800,393	1,801,978	1,803,078	50,342	59,671	62,515	63,834	2.8	3.3	3.5	3.5
Vermont	352,999	357,983	357,958	357,853	8,054	7,742	7,932	8,171	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.3
Virginia	4,573,605	4,568,828	4,571,606	4,575,255	139,209	128,332	131,351	133,596	3.0	2.8	2.9	2.9
Washington	4,035,789	4,012,277	4,002,855	3,995,931	178,091	194,304	190,150	187,951	4.4	4.8	4.8	4.7
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,814,137	1,784,641	1,785,766	1,792,895	66,213	78,903	77,689	77,171	3.6	4.4	4.4	4.3
West Virginia	790,637	788,135	788,274	787,640	34,189	32,863	33,344	33,389	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.2
Wisconsin	3,150,787	3,143,109	3,149,659	3,158,142	106,646	91,125	90,126	90,142	3.4	2.9	2.9	2.9
Wyoming	294,953	294,909	295,186	295,502	8,481	8,974	9,199	9,519	2.9	3.0	3.1	3.2
Puerto Rico	1,215,150	1,201,859	1,203,873	1,207,928	68,072	67,997	66,602	65,571	5.6	5.7	5.5	5.4
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	September		October		Number				Percent of labor force
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	September		October		September		October
					2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	2,319,862	2,346,391	2,332,034	2,367,993	61,282	71,291	61,264	73,094	2.6	3.0	2.6	3.1
Alaska	360,229	360,173	357,411	356,975	14,428	14,061	14,911	15,662	4.0	3.9	4.2	4.4
Arizona	3,732,870	3,758,066	3,719,922	3,731,636	157,659	145,637	156,859	140,223	4.2	3.9	4.2	3.8
Arkansas	1,387,814	1,413,966	1,379,569	1,411,765	47,931	40,365	43,000	40,964	3.5	2.9	3.1	2.9
California	19,413,126	19,504,507	19,378,197	19,380,283	943,226	1,031,792	963,028	1,043,832	4.9	5.3	5.0	5.4
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,027,546	5,123,905	5,003,271	5,080,977	267,246	307,752	255,850	307,937	5.3	6.0	5.1	6.1
Colorado	3,254,529	3,263,953	3,244,344	3,272,611	100,970	133,427	102,223	143,761	3.1	4.1	3.2	4.4
Connecticut	1,900,669	1,903,950	1,900,572	1,912,120	69,429	48,329	76,122	47,290	3.7	2.5	4.0	2.5
Delaware	505,933	498,973	508,388	499,811	19,772	17,220	20,317	16,912	3.9	3.5	4.0	3.4
District of Columbia	401,095	403,018	402,111	403,303	20,196	22,466	20,294	21,177	5.0	5.6	5.0	5.3
Florida	11,092,857	11,082,550	11,089,756	11,024,911	347,925	380,039	347,484	382,835	3.1	3.4	3.1	3.5
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,380,174	1,402,145	1,376,584	1,395,452	24,901	28,767	24,057	30,681	1.8	2.1	1.7	2.2
Georgia	5,328,602	5,410,794	5,328,162	5,406,862	166,529	184,491	171,495	191,444	3.1	3.4	3.2	3.5
Hawaii	674,623	669,065	672,803	670,904	22,310	21,495	21,134	19,647	3.3	3.2	3.1	2.9
Idaho	967,183	998,429	967,790	1,000,152	27,556	33,276	28,301	33,880	2.8	3.3	2.9	3.4
Illinois	6,469,887	6,532,257	6,475,827	6,570,897	303,307	326,787	289,666	339,442	4.7	5.0	4.5	5.2
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,797,642	3,884,707	3,818,816	3,930,876	174,004	202,201	165,000	217,148	4.6	5.2	4.3	5.5
Indiana	3,396,714	3,464,971	3,410,242	3,460,202	102,899	147,755	106,682	137,887	3.0	4.3	3.1	4.0
Iowa	1,711,517	1,688,544	1,712,530	1,692,097	48,033	46,107	48,972	51,515	2.8	2.7	2.9	3.0
Kansas	1,511,789	1,518,125	1,510,627	1,530,881	37,837	47,737	39,346	53,905	2.5	3.1	2.6	3.5
Kentucky	2,024,793	2,080,371	2,024,911	2,082,473	80,299	101,593	79,746	97,557	4.0	4.9	3.9	4.7
Louisiana	2,082,174	2,070,258	2,082,559	2,061,978	80,719	89,269	80,538	93,723	3.9	4.3	3.9	4.5
Maine	690,822	710,049	692,053	710,022	18,391	18,425	20,048	20,315	2.7	2.6	2.9	2.9
Maryland	3,190,509	3,232,528	3,201,277	3,238,026	67,087	89,902	72,861	100,832	2.1	2.8	2.3	3.1
Massachusetts	3,731,596	3,816,216	3,745,919	3,837,967	116,316	138,112	114,329	143,742	3.1	3.6	3.1	3.7
Michigan	5,053,307	5,068,080	5,052,187	5,040,322	194,448	214,202	193,314	234,029	3.8	4.2	3.8	4.6
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,225,063	2,183,154	2,215,764	2,168,893	86,327	93,342	89,785	108,521	3.9	4.3	4.1	5.0
Minnesota	3,101,298	3,098,712	3,094,191	3,100,232	71,274	88,043	67,505	79,837	2.3	2.8	2.2	2.6
Mississippi	1,229,766	1,255,709	1,226,707	1,263,402	37,003	37,797	33,577	38,592	3.0	3.0	2.7	3.1
Missouri	3,095,777	3,139,885	3,102,500	3,155,335	85,016	95,010	95,980	105,823	2.7	3.0	3.1	3.4
Montana	574,743	581,742	574,303	576,762	14,211	17,578	16,892	14,507	2.5	3.0	2.9	2.5
Nebraska	1,053,576	1,052,560	1,056,063	1,059,927	23,640	26,873	25,889	29,058	2.2	2.6	2.5	2.7
Nevada	1,614,534	1,624,687	1,613,963	1,627,491	83,506	89,980	83,487	90,198	5.2	5.5	5.2	5.5
New Hampshire	759,862	774,489	760,640	772,047	18,157	15,766	17,639	16,833	2.4	2.0	2.3	2.2
New Jersey	4,803,602	4,775,650	4,824,862	4,826,987	217,077	196,122	216,297	200,985	4.5	4.1	4.5	4.2
New Mexico	966,582	977,637	969,300	983,966	35,752	40,342	36,330	43,125	3.7	4.1	3.7	4.4
New York	9,740,944	9,690,692	9,736,953	9,679,827	406,100	390,667	426,978	397,866	4.2	4.0	4.4	4.1
New York City	4,128,126	4,172,525	4,156,808	4,177,909	211,214	221,877	224,489	223,275	5.1	5.3	5.4	5.3
North Carolina	5,260,391	5,264,818	5,257,068	5,265,993	170,028	167,719	180,294	188,684	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.6
North Dakota	419,313	420,949	417,148	419,231	6,020	7,528	5,573	7,603	1.4	1.8	1.3	1.8
Ohio	5,788,667	5,903,967	5,795,347	5,910,206	196,703	246,770	191,414	207,472	3.4	4.2	3.3	3.5
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,033,434	1,055,715	1,037,434	1,052,429	36,097	36,612	31,327	28,459	3.5	3.5	3.0	2.7
Oklahoma	1,981,271	2,007,374	1,982,667	1,990,069	67,325	66,135	69,036	59,321	3.4	3.3	3.5	3.0
Oregon	2,171,738	2,195,491	2,170,014	2,201,462	76,802	85,189	77,079	85,899	3.5	3.9	3.6	3.9
Pennsylvania	6,536,467	6,488,616	6,556,090	6,491,108	197,948	195,096	204,302	216,496	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.3
Rhode Island	578,126	591,383	576,112	587,250	15,476	23,156	17,560	24,141	2.7	3.9	3.0	4.1
South Carolina	2,456,990	2,512,573	2,469,593	2,531,275	66,546	113,101	75,433	119,488	2.7	4.5	3.1	4.7
South Dakota	482,124	486,454	483,540	488,747	8,597	7,274	9,793	7,586	1.8	1.5	2.0	1.6
Tennessee	3,375,989	3,407,282	3,383,975	3,408,844	112,447	122,333	115,323	119,706	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.5
Texas	15,127,091	15,552,790	15,123,857	15,573,854	597,200	632,943	564,364	642,315	3.9	4.1	3.7	4.1
Utah	1,802,665	1,807,737	1,803,977	1,804,811	45,714	63,775	46,905	59,617	2.5	3.5	2.6	3.3
Vermont	350,576	355,114	351,624	355,690	6,960	7,860	5,759	6,883	2.0	2.2	1.6	1.9
Virginia	4,563,911	4,568,356	4,572,312	4,573,343	138,512	140,133	136,043	132,462	3.0	3.1	3.0	2.9
Washington	4,037,073	3,977,609	4,047,208	3,994,944	161,665	165,452	170,542	176,941	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.4
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,815,216	1,798,239	1,800,423	1,812,605	68,394	75,359	68,135	78,607	3.8	4.2	3.8	4.3
West Virginia	793,407	791,620	793,052	787,060	29,512	31,293	29,390	28,485	3.7	4.0	3.7	3.6
Wisconsin	3,145,100	3,173,862	3,144,979	3,179,316	91,790	78,116	86,768	78,283	2.9	2.5	2.8	2.5
Wyoming	296,603	296,381	294,720	295,853	6,705	7,749	6,982	8,931	2.3	2.6	2.4	3.0
Puerto Rico	1,204,028	1,208,156	1,218,213	1,215,881	67,247	66,489	67,460	66,844	5.6	5.5	5.5	5.5
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total(1)				Construction				Manufacturing
	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)
Alabama	2,170.5	2,217.0	2,215.1	2,213.5	102.3	107.1	107.2	107.5	282.5	290.1	289.2	288.5
Alaska	332.4	338.6	339.6	339.5	17.8	20.8	21.2	21.2	12.7	13.3	13.0	13.4
Arizona	3,208.7	3,260.3	3,271.1	3,276.5	215.1	218.3	218.1	218.5	193.6	192.1	191.8	191.3
Arkansas	1,354.4	1,372.1	1,373.2	1,376.1	64.7	66.7	66.4	66.8	161.7	162.7	163.2	163.0
California	17,878.1	18,083.0	18,095.7	18,090.2	925.9	920.9	923.0	924.2	1,332.0	1,298.2	1,295.9	1,294.1
Colorado	2,960.3	2,997.0	3,010.8	3,019.8	181.5	182.9	186.0	186.2	151.3	150.9	150.0	149.9
Connecticut	1,700.7	1,710.6	1,709.3	1,709.0	62.7	62.6	61.9	61.9	157.7	157.8	158.0	158.0
Delaware(2)	484.8	489.0	489.4	488.0	23.9	24.1	24.6	25.1	27.7	27.6	27.8	27.8
District of Columbia(2)	765.4	770.4	772.9	772.6	14.8	14.5	14.5	14.7	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1
Florida	9,812.8	9,980.1	9,984.0	9,946.0	636.2	667.3	669.3	663.9	425.2	423.4	422.8	421.7
Georgia	4,920.6	4,983.5	4,984.0	4,985.5	221.6	221.9	223.2	223.1	431.6	432.9	432.5	432.5
Hawaii(2)	629.5	638.4	639.1	638.9	37.5	42.7	42.3	43.2	12.6	12.9	12.9	13.0
Idaho	855.2	873.4	877.7	881.5	69.8	71.4	72.2	72.6	75.4	78.6	79.1	79.8
Illinois	6,101.9	6,160.6	6,144.8	6,142.4	233.3	235.7	234.8	234.7	574.6	577.7	576.8	576.9
Indiana	3,252.6	3,302.5	3,302.4	3,305.3	164.3	173.2	173.9	173.7	532.1	527.1	525.8	524.4
Iowa	1,594.1	1,608.4	1,603.9	1,600.2	82.0	85.7	84.9	83.1	228.3	224.5	223.8	222.2
Kansas	1,446.2	1,462.4	1,467.3	1,467.1	69.1	70.4	70.7	70.7	171.9	173.4	172.9	172.6
Kentucky	2,025.8	2,040.6	2,045.9	2,043.9	91.8	92.9	92.7	93.6	257.3	255.2	255.2	256.6
Louisiana	1,956.0	1,961.0	1,957.8	1,965.5	131.0	137.9	136.4	139.8	138.3	136.4	135.5	136.3
Maine	650.8	656.6	657.4	657.7	33.2	32.6	33.3	33.4	53.5	53.7	53.6	53.3
Maryland	2,740.6	2,766.5	2,774.0	2,765.0	158.3	155.4	155.6	155.8	110.4	110.8	110.9	109.6
Massachusetts	3,711.4	3,746.3	3,744.5	3,744.3	174.2	179.4	178.6	178.9	235.9	231.6	232.6	232.9
Michigan	4,440.1	4,486.6	4,494.2	4,493.5	189.1	204.5	203.3	203.7	602.6	603.4	604.3	604.3
Minnesota	2,997.2	3,025.4	3,032.8	3,031.8	134.0	133.9	133.5	132.4	323.3	318.2	318.4	319.5
Mississippi	1,185.5	1,190.8	1,193.8	1,198.5	48.4	49.7	50.3	50.9	146.7	141.6	141.3	141.8
Missouri	2,989.2	3,065.7	3,065.5	3,070.9	143.0	150.4	150.4	151.5	284.1	289.9	290.2	291.1
Montana	522.9	538.1	538.0	535.8	37.4	40.1	39.8	40.0	21.6	21.8	21.6	21.5
Nebraska	1,055.7	1,072.7	1,075.9	1,078.1	61.3	61.7	62.9	63.2	105.3	108.7	108.7	109.1
Nevada	1,557.7	1,582.0	1,578.9	1,577.7	116.0	124.8	123.7	124.3	67.2	70.5	70.3	69.8
New Hampshire	703.3	712.0	714.3	714.1	31.4	31.8	31.8	32.5	70.3	69.7	70.0	70.1
New Jersey	4,343.5	4,373.9	4,388.5	4,387.0	165.0	166.3	168.4	169.1	255.6	252.9	253.4	253.8
New Mexico	875.6	886.6	888.5	888.2	53.8	53.7	54.3	54.7	28.5	29.7	29.5	29.4
New York	9,737.5	9,883.3	9,882.0	9,871.1	390.5	384.4	382.3	381.3	422.7	421.0	421.5	419.7
North Carolina	4,949.0	5,025.7	5,030.3	5,024.8	258.8	269.4	269.5	265.2	466.1	464.1	464.0	462.0
North Dakota	440.4	446.3	447.8	447.3	27.8	28.6	28.1	28.4	28.8	29.1	29.0	28.8
Ohio	5,629.0	5,662.1	5,675.6	5,682.0	244.8	248.5	253.1	253.0	687.9	684.6	684.1	684.3
Oklahoma	1,761.6	1,783.4	1,788.5	1,790.1	83.6	89.5	91.2	91.8	139.6	139.2	139.4	139.7
Oregon	1,977.5	1,988.7	1,989.6	1,991.3	117.7	113.7	112.5	112.6	187.2	187.0	186.8	185.6
Pennsylvania	6,106.9	6,198.2	6,206.1	6,204.7	258.6	258.2	258.1	258.5	562.6	566.8	565.2	563.5
Rhode Island	504.4	509.6	513.0	513.4	20.9	21.3	21.5	21.5	40.3	41.2	40.9	40.8
South Carolina	2,328.6	2,390.3	2,393.9	2,390.4	115.2	119.6	122.0	123.3	265.6	269.3	268.2	266.8
South Dakota	466.0	464.5	467.6	469.7	29.0	30.3	30.3	31.0	45.4	44.0	43.9	43.8
Tennessee	3,295.8	3,333.5	3,338.4	3,341.0	152.5	158.2	157.4	158.1	360.6	362.5	362.3	363.1
Texas	14,001.7	14,260.7	14,286.9	14,276.3	829.0	863.8	870.8	867.8	960.3	981.6	983.3	985.2
Utah	1,738.5	1,763.5	1,766.5	1,771.1	136.9	143.6	144.3	145.6	153.3	154.4	155.4	156.2
Vermont	309.0	315.7	315.9	316.6	15.6	15.5	15.5	15.6	27.8	28.1	28.0	27.8
Virginia	4,182.5	4,248.8	4,253.3	4,250.3	216.6	228.0	228.7	229.1	246.2	249.5	248.7	248.4
Washington	3,619.2	3,671.3	3,668.5	3,632.6	231.3	233.0	234.9	234.1	275.4	277.0	276.4	245.4
West Virginia	714.0	718.9	718.8	717.6	34.0	34.3	34.0	33.9	45.8	45.0	45.1	45.4
Wisconsin	3,016.4	3,048.8	3,042.4	3,043.8	136.1	142.0	141.4	140.8	479.3	481.6	484.2	484.0
Wyoming	293.1	294.2	295.1	295.9	22.5	22.6	22.6	22.8	10.4	10.6	10.6	10.6
Puerto Rico	949.6	958.7	961.5	963.8	35.7	36.7	37.0	37.4	84.2	84.0	83.7	83.3
Virgin Islands(2)(3)	35.4	35.4	35.5	35.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately. (2) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (3) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Trade, transportation, and utilities				Financial activities				Professional and business services
	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)
Alabama	408.9	416.2	416.5	415.2	102.8	104.8	104.8	103.4	265.1	265.4	265.3	265.4
Alaska	66.8	67.4	67.4	67.1	11.3	11.1	11.3	11.2	28.2	29.0	29.1	29.3
Arizona	622.2	628.9	629.9	629.9	239.4	243.5	244.3	245.2	462.2	477.4	475.6	475.3
Arkansas	268.3	270.1	270.8	269.8	69.8	71.9	69.8	70.8	156.4	160.4	158.8	159.3
California	3,107.8	3,120.1	3,125.3	3,127.9	812.5	807.7	812.5	815.1	2,758.1	2,786.3	2,786.5	2,778.2
Colorado	507.3	507.5	509.2	510.3	180.1	185.7	185.6	185.5	502.4	504.9	506.0	508.8
Connecticut	301.4	297.2	295.7	296.1	118.3	119.1	119.3	119.2	221.9	218.3	220.1	220.0
Delaware	89.4	89.1	89.0	89.0	50.6	50.9	50.9	50.3	64.3	65.7	65.3	64.2
District of Columbia	30.8	30.7	31.2	30.9	26.2	25.3	25.2	25.4	174.1	177.1	177.6	178.5
Florida	1,992.6	2,017.4	2,018.2	2,014.1	682.3	682.5	681.0	676.8	1,619.7	1,636.5	1,632.1	1,624.1
Georgia	1,038.2	1,038.0	1,036.6	1,035.9	278.6	285.1	284.5	284.6	771.7	776.6	771.9	768.6
Hawaii	115.8	114.6	114.8	114.8	27.4	26.8	26.6	26.6	71.2	72.1	72.0	71.6
Idaho	162.8	163.1	163.5	163.7	41.5	41.1	41.7	42.1	110.5	113.3	114.0	112.8
Illinois	1,225.4	1,227.3	1,227.2	1,225.3	401.4	396.4	393.6	393.4	934.2	919.6	916.1	915.8
Indiana	636.0	639.5	640.4	640.3	149.0	152.2	152.8	152.1	361.5	374.3	374.3	373.2
Iowa	310.8	311.6	311.3	310.6	108.0	107.6	107.0	106.2	146.7	145.4	143.8	143.2
Kansas	275.7	280.4	282.4	281.5	76.8	78.3	78.2	78.5	176.9	176.9	177.0	176.7
Kentucky	427.4	427.5	427.8	426.6	96.2	95.7	96.4	96.1	228.0	229.9	230.1	227.4
Louisiana	374.6	372.5	371.7	371.6	98.2	95.1	94.3	94.7	217.8	218.3	217.4	217.2
Maine	121.0	120.7	121.0	120.5	33.5	33.5	33.8	33.8	76.6	75.3	75.5	75.8
Maryland	467.9	463.5	462.6	462.3	137.9	138.7	138.5	138.1	472.3	477.8	477.3	478.2
Massachusetts	563.1	560.6	562.6	561.8	230.5	231.2	229.5	230.8	627.3	629.0	631.0	630.9
Michigan	816.9	821.5	822.5	822.3	231.0	228.6	230.7	231.6	646.6	647.0	645.8	643.4
Minnesota	533.5	534.0	534.9	534.6	187.5	185.7	185.3	185.4	381.8	368.9	370.5	367.4
Mississippi	248.1	248.6	248.7	249.0	45.6	45.5	45.3	45.5	115.7	117.8	118.7	121.1
Missouri	562.9	569.9	568.3	566.9	186.0	190.3	191.4	191.6	379.0	382.8	381.8	381.1
Montana	101.5	103.5	103.4	102.8	28.2	28.1	28.1	27.6	51.9	52.8	52.6	52.0
Nebraska	200.0	202.8	202.8	202.8	69.6	68.6	68.3	68.6	127.2	127.4	127.7	127.7
Nevada	299.5	301.3	300.7	300.2	77.6	76.6	76.8	76.2	217.8	217.1	216.0	212.4
New Hampshire	140.1	140.0	140.1	140.0	34.5	34.3	34.4	34.6	99.1	101.4	100.9	99.8
New Jersey	913.6	921.6	924.3	922.8	270.1	267.3	267.3	267.3	721.9	716.4	717.0	714.1
New Mexico	145.5	145.5	144.9	143.8	35.1	34.8	34.9	36.1	122.0	123.3	123.7	124.1
New York	1,484.5	1,477.3	1,473.4	1,473.5	748.4	747.6	746.9	744.2	1,388.5	1,396.7	1,398.5	1,399.7
North Carolina	932.4	928.1	929.5	930.0	308.1	312.4	311.7	311.5	736.3	746.9	748.7	748.3
North Dakota	93.0	92.8	93.3	93.6	25.3	25.3	25.2	25.4	34.8	34.7	34.9	34.2
Ohio	1,055.5	1,055.7	1,055.0	1,053.1	325.3	311.2	312.2	313.5	733.9	739.3	742.4	742.3
Oklahoma	321.0	318.4	318.9	318.0	84.7	83.5	83.6	83.0	207.8	206.0	205.0	204.7
Oregon	363.3	362.1	363.1	362.3	103.0	102.7	101.9	103.1	261.4	260.4	260.6	258.2
Pennsylvania	1,140.0	1,143.4	1,143.9	1,145.1	340.4	343.2	342.9	343.0	837.3	838.8	840.9	836.4
Rhode Island	77.5	77.6	78.3	78.5	35.0	35.5	35.4	35.2	69.3	71.1	71.8	71.7
South Carolina	445.2	449.0	451.1	450.3	123.6	124.4	123.6	123.1	312.7	328.9	326.0	323.6
South Dakota	92.4	92.6	92.5	92.7	27.9	27.0	26.8	26.8	37.2	37.6	37.7	38.0
Tennessee	682.1	687.5	689.5	689.0	183.6	182.5	182.7	182.8	450.5	445.1	446.6	444.8
Texas	2,780.9	2,795.7	2,799.2	2,798.2	909.5	927.3	931.2	937.4	2,117.1	2,152.8	2,159.5	2,140.1
Utah	318.2	313.4	312.6	313.6	98.0	97.8	98.4	98.4	251.2	253.8	252.6	252.0
Vermont	53.0	52.4	52.5	52.4	12.0	12.4	12.3	12.3	33.1	35.0	34.8	34.3
Virginia	673.1	677.4	677.6	677.0	222.1	220.2	220.5	221.4	803.8	819.8	818.9	816.3
Washington	618.3	623.8	624.1	621.9	164.7	169.4	168.6	168.6	548.5	555.7	555.2	555.5
West Virginia	122.6	120.2	120.5	120.2	26.1	26.0	26.0	25.9	73.0	73.4	73.4	72.6
Wisconsin	554.1	553.6	556.4	559.0	159.3	160.9	159.3	158.2	330.2	328.1	326.7	325.6
Wyoming	52.6	52.6	52.9	53.4	11.5	11.9	12.0	12.1	21.7	21.4	21.5	21.3
Puerto Rico	188.1	190.3	191.5	191.7	47.6	48.5	48.4	48.4	138.5	139.5	139.5	140.6
Virgin Islands(1)	6.8	7.0	7.0	6.9	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Education and health services				Leisure and hospitality				Government
	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)	Oct. 2023	Aug. 2024	Sept. 2024	Oct. 2024(p)
Alabama	261.4	273.5	271.8	272.5	207.0	210.1	211.4	211.8	403.9	411.4	410.8	410.9
Alaska	52.4	53.9	54.1	54.4	35.4	36.4	36.7	35.5	79.2	78.7	78.5	78.6
Arizona	531.5	553.8	557.2	559.6	350.9	349.0	349.7	353.3	427.5	428.2	435.0	434.9
Arkansas	209.1	217.8	218.6	221.0	127.1	125.6	128.3	128.4	212.0	212.8	213.1	213.2
California	3,153.3	3,277.8	3,286.7	3,296.1	2,020.5	2,046.0	2,039.9	2,036.5	2,620.8	2,681.9	2,684.6	2,677.1
Colorado	376.1	383.9	387.5	387.5	356.7	358.1	361.2	363.7	480.2	496.7	498.5	499.7
Connecticut	359.5	369.0	368.5	368.2	151.7	156.4	156.2	156.7	232.8	235.6	234.9	233.7
Delaware	83.9	85.0	84.9	84.9	52.5	51.7	52.0	51.8	70.1	72.0	72.2	72.2
District of Columbia	121.2	119.8	121.9	121.2	76.3	77.5	78.5	77.2	234.4	235.3	233.2	233.4
Florida	1,490.2	1,523.1	1,529.1	1,532.5	1,299.6	1,325.8	1,324.0	1,305.5	1,134.2	1,156.8	1,159.6	1,159.8
Georgia	674.4	690.8	693.9	696.5	518.4	531.9	533.8	536.9	699.6	717.8	717.8	720.2
Hawaii	89.4	92.6	92.6	91.3	117.7	119.7	120.3	119.8	124.9	124.7	125.5	126.7
Idaho	128.0	136.4	136.1	138.5	94.3	93.1	94.1	93.8	132.3	137.2	137.7	138.5
Illinois	970.8	998.5	1,001.1	1,001.2	596.4	593.8	598.0	599.4	818.0	855.0	840.5	840.3
Indiana	506.6	516.9	518.1	518.2	315.3	320.4	320.9	323.6	424.0	431.1	429.6	432.4
Iowa	235.7	243.0	240.6	241.6	141.6	146.4	147.1	147.7	264.7	266.7	268.3	268.2
Kansas	209.6	216.4	216.2	216.4	133.3	132.1	132.1	131.0	254.7	255.5	258.4	259.7
Kentucky	306.0	318.4	320.6	321.6	204.2	204.7	206.1	205.0	311.5	312.6	313.5	313.5
Louisiana	335.8	341.7	344.1	346.1	219.8	214.7	213.0	213.5	316.8	320.4	321.8	322.4
Maine	132.0	135.6	134.9	135.4	67.8	69.5	69.8	70.1	101.1	103.4	103.2	102.9
Maryland	465.4	478.3	483.9	482.9	263.0	263.0	265.1	263.8	525.3	537.9	538.7	532.7
Massachusetts	831.5	848.6	850.0	848.3	355.9	362.7	362.0	363.6	459.1	473.3	465.9	464.9
Michigan	694.0	703.5	701.7	704.8	419.9	422.6	427.0	422.1	605.1	622.1	623.2	624.2
Minnesota	574.2	605.1	606.2	607.5	271.5	273.8	274.5	275.6	425.9	441.2	445.0	444.3
Mississippi	152.4	157.8	158.5	158.8	134.4	134.6	135.3	135.9	238.5	240.2	240.3	240.5
Missouri	513.9	535.1	535.7	535.6	315.9	329.7	328.7	329.9	435.1	446.1	447.6	451.4
Montana	84.3	87.7	88.4	89.0	74.4	75.7	75.9	76.8	91.8	96.0	95.1	92.9
Nebraska	163.4	170.5	170.9	171.7	99.0	99.3	100.1	100.3	174.9	176.6	177.5	177.6
Nevada	165.9	170.7	171.3	172.2	354.3	355.2	354.6	356.7	179.4	184.0	183.2	183.4
New Hampshire	129.4	133.3	135.2	136.0	74.3	74.1	74.7	75.2	87.4	89.7	89.5	88.6
New Jersey	761.9	794.9	804.7	806.1	405.7	400.3	399.4	399.4	598.4	606.3	606.3	605.8
New Mexico	144.9	148.4	147.8	148.0	99.1	100.4	101.4	101.5	186.7	189.3	191.0	189.6
New York	2,241.6	2,355.9	2,361.9	2,368.4	931.4	947.7	943.4	945.6	1,461.0	1,487.9	1,490.0	1,479.9
North Carolina	674.5	696.3	699.4	702.2	532.9	551.2	550.5	549.7	750.9	764.1	764.3	764.9
North Dakota	68.2	71.4	70.7	70.9	39.8	39.0	39.4	38.2	83.4	85.7	87.2	88.1
Ohio	947.8	978.7	978.5	981.0	565.2	566.6	568.5	570.9	781.5	787.7	791.5	791.8
Oklahoma	260.0	269.0	269.8	268.9	182.7	189.6	191.6	195.1	362.5	367.8	369.5	368.9
Oregon	321.8	339.6	340.2	342.9	208.0	203.5	204.4	204.2	309.9	315.3	315.7	317.4
Pennsylvania	1,333.3	1,380.2	1,385.0	1,384.6	566.7	588.2	590.9	592.4	693.5	700.2	699.7	700.3
Rhode Island	108.5	113.6	113.5	113.2	60.1	55.6	57.3	58.5	65.0	66.3	67.0	66.5
South Carolina	289.5	300.2	302.2	305.2	284.5	292.1	292.7	290.6	372.0	382.0	382.7	382.7
South Dakota	77.3	78.4	78.7	78.8	50.1	47.5	50.1	50.7	81.8	82.4	83.2	83.4
Tennessee	478.9	502.1	504.9	507.4	359.1	361.1	360.0	359.5	441.8	444.1	445.4	446.7
Texas	1,913.8	1,957.2	1,970.2	1,966.8	1,494.9	1,523.4	1,526.3	1,531.2	2,071.8	2,121.8	2,110.1	2,112.3
Utah	238.6	250.2	250.0	251.8	172.9	172.3	172.8	171.9	269.1	277.7	279.5	280.5
Vermont	63.4	64.7	65.0	65.1	33.8	36.1	36.1	37.0	54.9	55.9	56.2	56.5
Virginia	588.4	606.3	604.3	604.4	415.2	421.1	424.3	424.0	738.8	743.9	749.6	750.3
Washington	544.0	562.2	563.6	565.4	348.4	354.6	349.8	344.4	591.1	601.2	602.4	604.8
West Virginia	134.7	139.9	140.2	140.2	71.2	72.6	72.2	72.0	153.7	153.7	153.6	153.7
Wisconsin	472.8	479.0	479.2	479.2	282.2	284.1	283.9	285.5	405.1	421.8	412.0	411.4
Wyoming	29.4	30.1	30.4	30.6	39.0	38.9	38.7	38.4	69.9	70.4	70.5	70.6
Puerto Rico	125.2	126.1	127.0	127.4	96.0	100.6	101.0	101.3	200.8	199.2	199.5	199.6
Virgin Islands	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.5	6.6	6.5	6.6	6.6	11.0	10.9	10.8	10.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total				Mining and logging				Construction
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	2,172.6	2,213.1	2,180.3	2,220.7	9.1	8.9	9.0	8.9	102.3	107.8	103.0	108.1
Alaska	341.0	348.7	328.7	335.7	12.1	12.3	12.1	12.5	19.4	23.2	18.9	22.3
Arizona	3,208.3	3,274.2	3,233.6	3,298.6	14.2	15.4	14.4	15.6	214.0	218.0	215.7	219.2
Arkansas	1,358.8	1,375.6	1,363.8	1,385.2	5.2	5.4	5.2	5.4	64.4	67.3	65.9	67.8
California	17,805.2	18,064.7	17,995.2	18,202.1	20.0	19.9	20.0	19.9	928.9	933.1	940.4	939.3
Colorado	2,957.7	3,009.6	2,966.2	3,027.1	21.9	22.9	21.9	22.9	186.1	189.3	184.1	189.3
Connecticut	1,703.1	1,715.6	1,718.1	1,725.3	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	64.2	64.5	65.7	65.0
Delaware(1)	486.8	491.3	487.9	490.5	-	-	-	-	24.1	24.8	24.1	25.5
District of Columbia(1)	767.5	772.7	770.4	777.3	-	-	-	-	14.9	14.6	15.0	14.9
Florida	9,745.7	9,956.1	9,847.2	9,971.8	5.8	6.0	5.9	6.0	632.9	669.5	638.1	665.7
Georgia	4,908.8	4,981.4	4,937.1	5,001.6	9.6	9.8	9.7	9.8	222.8	224.5	222.2	223.6
Hawaii(1)	626.7	636.8	629.9	639.7	-	-	-	-	38.3	42.4	37.5	43.3
Idaho	855.1	881.9	858.6	886.1	4.4	4.2	4.4	4.2	70.6	73.3	70.8	73.6
Illinois	6,149.1	6,181.9	6,165.2	6,205.1	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.3	247.1	249.0	247.6	248.5
Indiana	3,256.8	3,316.5	3,276.9	3,329.6	5.6	5.5	5.6	5.6	166.2	177.1	167.2	176.6
Iowa	1,594.0	1,605.6	1,611.1	1,614.4	2.4	2.2	2.4	2.2	87.7	89.6	87.2	87.8
Kansas	1,446.9	1,469.5	1,459.9	1,480.3	6.3	6.2	6.3	6.2	69.0	71.5	69.8	71.3
Kentucky	2,032.1	2,054.3	2,038.3	2,056.1	8.6	9.3	8.6	9.2	92.5	96.1	94.6	96.5
Louisiana	1,955.7	1,954.0	1,967.4	1,978.0	30.7	30.4	30.9	30.7	132.7	136.0	132.3	141.0
Maine	660.2	667.2	657.1	664.1	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.0	35.0	34.7	34.4	34.6
Maryland	2,757.7	2,782.5	2,761.5	2,786.9	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.4	161.0	157.5	159.9	157.4
Massachusetts	3,722.9	3,758.0	3,740.9	3,772.7	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	177.3	183.1	179.0	183.7
Michigan	4,479.1	4,520.4	4,484.4	4,533.0	7.3	7.6	7.2	7.5	200.0	211.9	197.4	210.8
Minnesota	3,001.2	3,040.7	3,026.7	3,060.1	6.8	6.7	6.8	6.7	144.9	144.7	144.4	142.4
Mississippi	1,185.6	1,193.7	1,192.0	1,205.2	6.1	6.4	6.2	6.5	49.5	50.2	48.6	51.2
Missouri	2,985.9	3,068.3	3,008.2	3,091.1	4.5	4.7	4.5	4.7	145.7	154.1	145.7	153.3
Montana	525.0	542.5	524.1	537.2	7.5	7.1	7.5	7.0	38.0	41.3	39.2	41.7
Nebraska	1,054.4	1,078.0	1,062.5	1,085.2	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.1	62.4	64.1	62.5	64.7
Nevada	1,557.1	1,582.2	1,569.6	1,588.3	14.8	15.5	14.9	15.6	115.4	124.2	116.2	124.3
New Hampshire	703.7	717.6	706.6	718.1	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	32.3	32.6	31.9	33.1
New Jersey	4,345.6	4,393.6	4,365.2	4,405.2	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.5	169.3	171.9	169.4	173.5
New Mexico	875.8	889.0	880.7	892.2	23.2	23.6	23.1	23.7	53.5	54.4	54.3	55.5
New York	9,727.2	9,873.9	9,814.1	9,934.6	5.6	5.5	5.4	5.6	402.6	392.8	401.8	391.4
North Carolina	4,950.1	5,030.5	4,977.4	5,050.0	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	261.9	270.9	261.6	267.4
North Dakota	443.8	453.7	445.9	453.5	18.5	19.2	18.6	19.0	30.7	31.1	30.0	30.8
Ohio	5,630.2	5,684.4	5,669.1	5,724.4	9.4	9.5	9.4	9.5	246.8	262.8	253.0	262.9
Oklahoma	1,768.4	1,793.4	1,773.3	1,801.0	31.2	32.2	31.2	32.2	84.1	91.8	83.6	91.8
Oregon	1,982.6	1,994.3	1,989.4	2,003.7	6.2	6.4	6.2	6.3	119.4	115.8	120.4	114.7
Pennsylvania	6,122.3	6,223.2	6,153.8	6,246.8	22.7	23.3	22.6	23.1	268.0	267.0	266.4	266.0
Rhode Island	510.1	518.5	508.7	517.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	22.2	21.9	21.3	21.8
South Carolina	2,315.9	2,388.4	2,335.1	2,396.5	4.5	4.8	4.5	4.8	113.6	122.4	115.0	123.8
South Dakota	467.7	471.3	469.3	473.2	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.2	30.2	32.5	30.2	32.5
Tennessee	3,313.5	3,347.3	3,314.6	3,357.5	4.6	4.7	4.5	4.7	155.7	157.9	153.0	158.5
Texas	13,945.2	14,255.6	14,081.4	14,354.3	213.6	210.3	213.9	211.8	833.1	874.5	837.6	875.6
Utah	1,737.6	1,770.8	1,749.9	1,782.8	11.0	11.1	11.0	11.1	137.7	146.0	139.1	148.3
Vermont	309.8	316.0	312.0	319.7	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	16.6	16.6	16.5	16.5
Virginia	4,182.1	4,250.6	4,206.6	4,269.9	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.4	217.8	230.5	218.8	231.3
Washington	3,617.0	3,673.1	3,630.4	3,643.1	5.8	5.5	5.7	5.5	236.5	239.8	234.8	238.0
West Virginia	716.6	720.4	720.9	724.1	21.3	22.1	21.3	22.1	35.4	35.8	36.1	36.1
Wisconsin	3,024.7	3,053.6	3,037.6	3,063.4	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.0	142.5	147.3	142.0	146.5
Wyoming	297.9	300.1	295.1	298.2	17.2	17.2	16.8	17.2	23.9	23.8	23.4	23.7
Puerto Rico	945.8	958.5	952.7	967.1	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	35.1	37.0	35.7	37.6
Virgin Islands(1)	35.0	35.2	35.4	35.0	-	-	-	-	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.1
Footnotes (1) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Manufacturing				Trade, transportation, and utilities				Information
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	282.5	287.8	282.3	287.9	406.7	414.5	409.6	415.2	23.0	24.2	23.4	24.5
Alaska	14.2	13.8	10.3	10.9	67.6	69.0	66.0	66.2	4.6	4.3	4.5	4.2
Arizona	194.8	192.2	194.1	191.7	613.2	624.6	623.4	630.5	50.2	49.1	50.0	49.1
Arkansas	162.8	163.1	162.0	163.3	267.0	268.1	268.7	270.0	12.5	12.3	12.9	12.6
California	1,338.7	1,307.9	1,337.9	1,299.0	3,085.9	3,115.1	3,121.5	3,146.5	533.1	520.4	536.3	520.2
Colorado	151.6	149.9	151.6	150.1	502.6	504.7	505.3	508.2	76.5	72.9	78.1	74.3
Connecticut	158.2	157.9	157.7	157.9	298.0	294.7	303.9	298.9	30.5	30.1	30.6	30.2
Delaware	27.3	27.7	27.7	27.8	89.8	88.9	89.2	88.6	3.6	3.4	3.6	3.5
District of Columbia	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.1	30.3	30.8	30.9	31.1	19.6	19.7	19.5	19.8
Florida	422.8	421.2	425.1	421.3	1,956.8	1,997.5	1,990.4	2,011.5	157.0	157.8	156.3	157.4
Georgia	430.9	431.9	430.1	430.4	1,030.9	1,030.0	1,038.0	1,036.4	110.6	108.3	111.4	107.1
Hawaii	12.6	13.0	12.7	13.1	115.8	114.0	115.7	114.7	7.2	6.5	7.2	6.5
Idaho	75.1	79.5	75.7	80.1	162.4	163.5	162.7	163.8	9.3	8.7	9.2	8.7
Illinois	578.4	575.6	573.4	576.1	1,220.6	1,223.8	1,230.8	1,231.3	91.3	88.7	89.7	88.1
Indiana	531.5	524.8	531.9	523.5	631.4	637.2	639.0	643.5	26.4	26.8	26.1	27.4
Iowa	226.4	222.9	227.8	221.3	309.6	308.7	311.6	311.1	18.3	18.4	17.9	18.8
Kansas	173.2	173.1	172.1	172.5	274.4	281.3	276.5	282.4	18.2	17.9	18.5	17.8
Kentucky	257.0	255.5	257.2	256.5	425.3	425.5	427.8	427.0	23.0	21.7	22.7	21.7
Louisiana	137.9	135.5	138.6	136.6	369.7	369.1	374.1	371.1	18.5	17.4	18.7	18.2
Maine	53.4	53.7	53.9	53.7	120.5	121.1	122.1	121.6	8.1	8.1	8.2	8.2
Maryland	111.3	111.2	111.0	110.1	464.3	459.7	470.2	464.6	34.2	32.7	33.8	32.6
Massachusetts	236.2	232.1	236.0	232.9	558.3	560.1	563.4	562.3	94.4	89.7	93.9	90.1
Michigan	613.1	606.3	602.6	604.0	810.8	817.3	815.3	820.8	57.0	56.9	57.9	57.4
Minnesota	327.5	319.3	325.0	321.0	528.6	532.6	535.3	536.3	43.9	41.4	43.4	41.7
Mississippi	142.8	139.6	146.2	141.1	247.2	247.7	248.4	249.2	9.7	9.0	9.7	9.0
Missouri	287.1	289.9	282.9	290.2	558.7	564.4	563.4	566.4	48.6	48.9	48.6	49.5
Montana	21.6	21.7	21.9	21.7	100.6	103.2	101.2	102.8	5.5	5.4	5.5	5.5
Nebraska	104.8	108.8	104.9	108.7	197.7	201.4	200.3	203.0	16.9	18.1	17.1	18.3
Nevada	67.5	70.4	67.5	70.0	297.9	298.8	300.8	301.2	19.2	19.6	19.4	19.7
New Hampshire	70.5	70.3	70.3	70.2	139.3	139.2	140.1	139.9	11.7	11.5	11.5	11.3
New Jersey	256.4	253.0	255.4	253.4	908.2	920.6	917.5	926.3	77.7	73.2	77.2	72.1
New Mexico	28.7	29.7	28.9	29.7	144.9	144.4	146.1	144.2	8.8	8.8	8.8	8.9
New York	423.1	423.1	424.3	421.2	1,481.9	1,470.2	1,492.1	1,480.3	275.2	264.3	275.2	264.1
North Carolina	466.3	463.8	466.4	461.7	925.0	922.6	931.9	929.9	84.4	83.7	84.2	83.8
North Dakota	28.9	29.1	29.1	29.1	92.2	93.3	93.4	94.1	5.4	5.5	5.4	5.5
Ohio	686.3	680.7	686.9	682.8	1,052.4	1,046.2	1,057.2	1,054.5	67.1	65.3	66.5	66.1
Oklahoma	139.6	139.2	139.2	139.3	319.8	317.0	321.1	317.9	17.6	16.7	17.6	16.6
Oregon	189.6	189.0	187.9	186.0	362.3	362.3	365.1	364.1	36.0	33.4	34.9	33.7
Pennsylvania	565.5	564.9	561.7	561.3	1,135.2	1,138.2	1,144.2	1,150.4	92.4	91.8	93.1	92.6
Rhode Island	40.2	41.0	40.3	40.6	77.3	77.8	77.3	78.4	5.7	5.6	5.6	5.7
South Carolina	263.6	267.4	265.1	265.7	440.2	447.4	444.7	449.7	28.5	30.1	28.6	30.4
South Dakota	45.2	43.7	45.3	43.6	91.7	91.6	92.1	92.5	5.2	5.0	5.2	5.1
Tennessee	359.3	362.1	359.8	362.3	678.2	685.6	681.7	688.6	54.4	53.8	54.2	53.1
Texas	959.9	984.1	961.6	986.6	2,752.9	2,784.2	2,785.6	2,806.9	231.2	234.5	232.9	236.6
Utah	153.0	155.0	152.9	155.7	315.6	310.6	318.8	314.1	42.8	43.5	42.7	43.6
Vermont	28.2	28.1	28.1	28.0	52.0	51.7	52.7	52.2	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.6
Virginia	246.1	248.4	247.0	248.9	666.3	672.0	674.1	677.7	69.8	69.7	69.3	70.0
Washington	278.3	279.5	276.8	246.5	615.7	625.4	620.2	622.9	167.3	162.1	167.2	161.7
West Virginia	46.1	45.1	46.0	45.6	122.3	119.5	123.2	120.6	7.8	7.6	7.7	7.7
Wisconsin	476.9	481.8	477.4	482.2	550.5	553.4	555.1	560.9	47.8	46.4	47.6	46.3
Wyoming	10.5	10.6	10.5	10.7	52.7	53.0	52.5	53.4	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.2
Puerto Rico	84.3	83.5	84.3	83.3	186.2	189.8	187.8	191.5	14.1	14.2	13.9	14.3
Virgin Islands	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	6.8	6.9	6.8	6.9	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Financial activities				Professional and business services				Education and health services
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	104.0	104.5	103.6	104.0	267.4	265.2	268.6	268.2	262.4	273.4	264.0	274.5
Alaska	11.0	11.3	11.1	11.1	28.9	29.6	27.9	29.2	51.7	53.8	52.2	54.2
Arizona	241.3	244.3	240.3	246.1	466.0	476.7	467.5	478.4	528.2	558.6	535.2	564.3
Arkansas	69.7	70.1	70.1	71.0	157.7	158.5	157.9	160.7	210.0	220.1	210.5	222.8
California	808.4	809.1	815.2	819.1	2,753.5	2,781.3	2,782.7	2,798.3	3,130.0	3,275.5	3,169.4	3,312.2
Colorado	179.0	184.6	179.9	185.1	505.2	506.1	506.7	513.6	373.1	386.5	378.5	390.1
Connecticut	118.2	119.1	118.6	119.5	222.0	221.4	223.2	221.5	358.6	368.9	364.3	372.7
Delaware	50.4	50.7	50.5	50.3	64.4	65.7	65.7	65.4	83.5	84.9	84.6	85.5
District of Columbia	26.3	25.2	26.4	25.5	175.0	176.8	174.9	179.6	121.8	122.2	123.0	123.1
Florida	683.1	682.2	686.8	681.2	1,616.9	1,630.2	1,628.5	1,632.8	1,484.4	1,529.6	1,504.2	1,546.6
Georgia	279.1	284.2	280.2	286.0	773.2	773.8	777.3	772.6	669.5	696.5	680.2	703.7
Hawaii	27.5	26.6	27.6	26.8	71.0	71.9	70.9	71.3	89.0	92.4	90.1	92.2
Idaho	41.6	41.7	41.3	42.1	110.9	115.2	111.5	113.8	125.0	135.3	128.1	139.2
Illinois	401.9	394.6	403.9	395.8	953.6	930.2	953.4	934.3	971.0	999.5	977.7	1,008.2
Indiana	148.5	152.8	149.7	153.1	364.0	376.6	366.9	377.6	505.3	519.6	510.3	521.7
Iowa	107.7	106.6	108.1	105.9	144.9	143.1	148.2	144.2	233.0	238.9	239.0	244.7
Kansas	76.3	77.7	77.4	79.2	176.3	177.0	179.0	178.4	207.4	214.6	210.7	217.5
Kentucky	96.9	96.4	96.3	96.2	229.8	229.6	230.3	228.9	305.5	322.6	308.8	324.5
Louisiana	97.3	94.5	98.6	95.2	219.5	218.4	221.0	220.1	336.4	344.3	337.9	349.2
Maine	33.5	33.6	33.3	33.6	76.9	76.1	77.2	76.4	132.1	135.1	133.3	136.6
Maryland	139.3	138.6	138.7	138.7	476.3	480.1	476.6	483.2	463.3	483.5	468.8	487.0
Massachusetts	230.1	229.1	230.1	230.6	631.4	633.7	632.8	637.0	826.8	849.0	840.9	857.3
Michigan	232.1	232.1	231.1	232.4	652.6	646.5	653.8	649.3	689.5	699.3	698.9	708.7
Minnesota	188.8	184.8	187.6	185.4	382.9	372.3	387.8	372.8	570.2	605.5	578.1	611.5
Mississippi	45.2	45.3	45.8	45.8	117.3	118.9	117.4	123.1	152.7	159.2	154.5	161.1
Missouri	183.0	191.1	185.5	191.3	379.7	380.9	383.0	384.8	510.5	534.9	521.1	542.7
Montana	27.8	28.0	28.3	27.7	51.9	53.3	52.5	52.5	83.8	88.2	84.0	88.9
Nebraska	69.9	68.3	69.8	68.8	126.8	128.1	127.8	128.1	162.5	170.0	163.9	172.2
Nevada	77.8	76.7	78.1	76.7	218.0	217.0	221.6	215.2	166.4	171.2	166.9	173.3
New Hampshire	34.5	34.6	34.9	35.0	98.5	100.7	99.4	100.0	126.9	135.0	130.3	137.4
New Jersey	270.1	267.7	269.6	266.8	722.0	720.6	730.2	722.1	757.9	800.6	764.5	808.8
New Mexico	35.3	35.1	35.5	36.3	121.2	123.2	122.4	124.3	144.8	147.9	145.8	148.8
New York	748.2	748.9	748.6	744.1	1,399.5	1,399.0	1,399.1	1,409.2	2,219.6	2,345.5	2,264.6	2,386.8
North Carolina	308.3	312.4	309.2	312.0	741.4	751.0	746.0	757.7	670.4	697.3	678.6	706.4
North Dakota	25.1	25.1	25.2	25.3	35.5	35.6	35.2	34.7	67.8	70.5	68.3	71.1
Ohio	325.4	310.2	325.1	313.8	738.1	745.2	744.3	752.2	942.1	979.6	957.6	991.5
Oklahoma	84.1	83.5	85.0	83.2	210.3	206.6	210.8	207.7	261.7	270.9	262.7	270.7
Oregon	103.5	102.3	103.1	103.6	264.6	262.4	263.6	260.5	323.0	340.3	322.6	344.0
Pennsylvania	339.1	342.7	340.2	342.5	843.7	843.4	845.5	843.7	1,328.6	1,386.6	1,351.4	1,400.9
Rhode Island	35.2	35.6	35.3	35.5	69.7	72.7	71.1	73.3	109.4	114.2	110.0	114.5
South Carolina	123.1	123.2	124.1	123.4	312.8	325.3	315.6	326.9	286.5	302.2	291.3	308.4
South Dakota	27.8	26.6	27.9	26.7	37.5	38.1	37.7	38.4	76.8	78.7	77.8	79.3
Tennessee	184.3	183.7	184.0	183.3	453.2	449.0	455.6	449.0	483.1	508.3	482.8	511.1
Texas	906.9	930.9	912.1	941.4	2,114.7	2,162.7	2,147.6	2,167.1	1,908.0	1,971.5	1,925.5	1,979.0
Utah	97.8	98.3	98.1	98.6	251.7	254.4	254.3	254.8	236.7	249.9	241.5	254.9
Vermont	12.0	12.3	12.0	12.3	33.1	35.0	33.8	34.9	62.9	64.7	64.3	66.2
Virginia	222.6	220.0	222.2	221.8	806.5	817.8	809.3	819.8	590.2	604.4	594.2	608.9
Washington	165.8	169.2	164.9	168.5	553.2	558.7	550.9	558.2	538.8	560.2	546.7	569.7
West Virginia	26.0	26.1	26.1	25.9	73.1	73.2	73.5	73.0	134.3	140.3	135.2	140.8
Wisconsin	159.3	158.7	159.0	157.6	331.5	329.8	336.0	331.3	471.8	479.0	474.4	480.2
Wyoming	11.5	12.0	11.5	12.2	22.3	21.8	22.2	21.7	29.4	30.4	29.5	30.7
Puerto Rico	47.4	48.5	47.7	48.5	138.2	139.0	139.7	141.5	124.6	126.6	125.9	128.1
Virgin Islands	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.7	2.8	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Leisure and hospitality				Other services				Government
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)	2023	2024	2023	2024(p)
Alabama	206.4	211.2	204.9	210.7	103.8	104.8	104.5	105.0	405.0	410.8	407.4	413.7
Alaska	40.0	40.1	33.4	33.4	11.7	12.0	12.0	12.2	79.8	79.3	80.3	79.5
Arizona	348.5	346.6	351.5	354.3	101.7	104.5	102.1	104.1	436.2	444.2	439.4	445.3
Arkansas	128.5	129.2	127.3	128.2	67.5	66.1	67.6	66.1	213.5	215.4	215.7	217.3
California	2,022.8	2,046.8	2,032.7	2,045.3	593.0	601.4	596.8	604.8	2,590.9	2,654.2	2,642.3	2,697.5
Colorado	352.2	359.4	346.3	354.3	125.9	131.0	125.8	132.2	483.6	502.3	488.0	507.0
Connecticut	155.4	158.4	153.0	157.6	62.6	63.9	63.1	64.0	234.8	236.1	237.4	237.4
Delaware	54.5	53.7	52.3	51.5	18.9	19.2	18.8	19.1	70.3	72.3	71.4	73.3
District of Columbia	77.3	79.7	78.1	78.5	67.4	70.1	67.3	70.7	233.8	232.5	234.3	233.0
Florida	1,275.5	1,304.3	1,287.8	1,286.0	365.7	382.7	370.0	383.8	1,144.8	1,175.1	1,154.1	1,179.5
Georgia	510.0	530.3	515.4	535.1	167.8	171.4	166.4	170.3	704.4	720.7	706.2	726.6
Hawaii	115.9	120.1	116.9	119.0	26.1	25.5	25.7	25.2	123.3	124.4	125.6	127.6
Idaho	95.9	95.9	93.4	92.8	27.7	26.4	27.0	26.9	132.2	138.2	134.5	140.9
Illinois	604.1	603.4	598.1	599.6	250.6	260.4	250.1	259.0	823.2	849.4	833.2	856.9
Indiana	314.5	323.4	315.3	324.4	131.2	133.9	130.9	133.4	432.2	438.8	434.0	442.8
Iowa	143.0	149.1	141.8	147.6	55.9	56.0	56.1	56.5	265.1	270.1	271.0	274.3
Kansas	134.2	132.7	134.2	131.6	53.3	55.5	53.8	56.6	258.3	262.0	261.6	266.8
Kentucky	206.8	207.2	204.6	205.2	72.2	72.6	72.1	72.6	314.5	317.8	315.3	317.8
Louisiana	220.0	210.0	219.7	213.0	73.9	75.1	74.4	75.4	319.1	323.3	321.2	327.5
Maine	74.8	76.1	67.9	70.3	22.1	22.2	21.5	22.1	101.7	104.5	103.2	105.0
Maryland	268.0	270.6	262.4	263.5	106.3	107.9	104.8	107.5	532.3	539.3	533.9	540.9
Massachusetts	367.4	372.2	358.6	364.9	135.0	138.3	138.1	140.7	465.0	469.7	467.1	472.2
Michigan	432.6	437.0	425.2	425.6	169.9	172.9	171.4	174.4	614.2	632.6	623.6	642.1
Minnesota	275.7	278.1	269.9	274.4	113.6	115.5	115.2	116.8	418.3	439.8	433.2	451.1
Mississippi	134.9	135.4	134.1	135.3	39.9	39.7	39.8	39.4	240.3	242.3	241.3	243.5
Missouri	314.6	331.0	314.6	329.0	115.2	117.7	116.3	117.5	438.3	450.7	442.6	461.7
Montana	75.3	78.5	71.6	74.3	19.5	20.8	19.1	21.0	93.5	95.0	93.3	94.1
Nebraska	99.5	101.7	100.0	101.1	37.0	38.0	36.9	37.7	175.9	178.4	178.3	181.5
Nevada	353.3	355.5	355.6	358.0	45.3	47.5	45.7	47.4	181.5	185.8	182.9	186.9
New Hampshire	75.8	76.4	73.3	74.7	24.9	25.4	24.1	24.7	88.4	91.0	89.9	90.9
New Jersey	414.7	407.6	397.2	389.5	170.8	171.8	172.6	174.8	597.0	605.1	610.1	616.4
New Mexico	99.8	101.1	97.9	100.2	27.7	28.6	28.3	28.5	187.9	192.2	189.6	192.1
New York	936.0	958.9	939.4	952.3	386.3	390.6	390.3	390.1	1,449.2	1,475.1	1,473.3	1,489.5
North Carolina	533.4	551.1	530.7	546.5	197.8	201.4	199.4	201.5	755.5	770.6	763.7	777.4
North Dakota	40.9	40.4	40.2	38.4	15.3	15.7	15.5	15.4	83.5	88.2	85.0	90.1
Ohio	572.1	575.0	565.6	571.0	207.6	215.0	211.1	216.5	782.9	794.9	792.4	803.6
Oklahoma	183.0	191.8	181.7	194.6	71.2	70.5	71.2	71.7	365.8	373.2	369.2	375.3
Oregon	211.4	209.2	207.6	203.6	65.1	64.4	64.5	65.5	301.5	308.8	313.5	321.7
Pennsylvania	571.9	596.9	566.2	590.9	256.9	263.3	258.2	265.0	698.3	705.1	704.3	710.4
Rhode Island	62.9	60.7	59.8	58.4	22.1	21.5	21.9	21.5	65.2	67.3	65.9	67.4
South Carolina	282.5	291.9	283.4	288.7	87.4	89.4	86.9	88.9	373.2	384.3	375.9	385.8
South Dakota	51.5	51.6	49.9	50.5	18.2	18.3	18.6	18.4	82.3	84.0	83.3	85.0
Tennessee	365.7	361.2	359.6	358.6	127.4	130.2	128.0	131.5	447.6	450.8	451.4	456.8
Texas	1,489.2	1,522.2	1,491.7	1,527.5	477.8	489.2	479.2	489.5	2,057.9	2,091.5	2,093.7	2,132.3
Utah	173.7	172.6	170.6	169.3	46.1	46.6	46.7	46.6	271.5	282.8	274.2	285.8
Vermont	34.1	35.5	32.4	35.6	9.9	10.2	10.0	10.2	55.6	56.6	56.8	58.4
Virginia	413.7	423.3	413.1	421.2	199.9	202.8	201.6	201.2	741.9	754.4	749.7	761.7
Washington	353.1	354.1	344.9	340.4	123.0	127.9	124.9	125.4	579.5	590.7	593.4	606.3
West Virginia	72.5	73.2	71.9	72.5	24.1	24.3	24.2	24.2	153.7	153.2	155.7	155.6
Wisconsin	288.6	291.3	280.9	283.1	144.8	148.6	145.1	149.3	406.9	413.2	416.0	422.0
Wyoming	41.0	41.3	38.6	38.0	16.2	16.0	16.0	15.8	70.0	70.9	70.9	71.6
Puerto Rico	95.5	101.0	96.3	101.7	18.9	19.1	18.7	19.1	200.8	199.2	202.0	200.9
Virgin Islands	6.5	6.6	6.5	6.5	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	10.9	10.7	11.1	10.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2023 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.