Table 9. Percent of individuals whose health limits the kind or amount of work they can do by age, educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Table 9.  Percent of individuals whose health limits the kind or amount of work they can by age,
educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity


            Characteristic                                    Percent of individuals
            
                                                         Age 27                      Age 39 
                                                   (in 2007-2012)(3)             (in 2018-2024)

Total ...................................                6.6                         10.9
  Less than a high school diploma .......               18.6                         26.0
  High school graduates, no college (1)..                9.3                         12.6
  Some college or associate degree ......                6.8                         12.4
  Bachelor's degree and higher (2)......                 2.9                          6.2

Men .....................................                5.9                          8.2
 Less than a high school diploma .......                13.7                         15.7
  High school graduates, no college (1)..                8.0                         10.1
  Some college or associate degree ......                5.9                          9.2
  Bachelor's degree and higher (2).......                2.4                          4.0

Women ...................................                7.4                         13.8
  Less than a high school diploma........               24.3                         38.4
  High school graduates, no college (1)..               11.2                         16.4
  Some college or associate degree ......                7.7                         15.6
  Bachelor's degree and higher (2).......                3.2                          7.9

White non-Hispanic ......................                6.5                         11.5
  Less than a high school diploma .......               20.2                         28.4
  High school graduates, no college (1)..                8.4                         13.3
  Some college or associate degree ......                7.4                         14.1
  Bachelor's degree and higher (2).......                3.0                          6.5

Black non-Hispanic ......................                8.3                         10.5
  Less than a high school diploma .......               23.0                         25.3
  High school graduates, no college (1)..               11.1                         12.3
  Some college or associate degree ......                6.3                         10.3
  Bachelor's degree and higher (2).......                3.8                          4.0

Hispanic or Latino ......................                6.0                          8.1
  Less than a high school diploma .......               11.2                         19.1
  High school graduates, no college (1)..                9.5                         10.5
  Some college or associate degree ......                4.5                          6.9
  Bachelor's degree and higher (2).......                2.1                          3.2


  (1) Includes individuals with a high school diploma or equivalent (General Education Development (GED)) credential.
  (2) Includes individuals with bachelor's, master's, professional, or doctoral degrees.
  (3) In 2007, the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 began asking respondents whether health limits the kind or amount of work they can do.
NOTE: This table excludes individuals who had not yet turned Age 39 when interviewed in 2023-24. The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 consists of young men and women who were ages 12 to 16 on December 31, 1996. Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity groups are mutually exclusive but not exhaustive. Other race groups, which are included in the overall totals, are not shown separately because their representation in the survey sample is not sufficiently large to provide statistically reliable estimates. Educational attainment is determined during the month of the respondent's 39th birthday. Health limit is determined for the interview date in which the respondent first turned Age 27 or Age 39. If not interviewed at that age, then health limit is determined using data from the prior age.