Table 1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 16 years of age and over by region, division, and state,
2017-18 annual averages
(Numbers in thousands)
Population Civilian labor Employed Unemployed Unemployment
force rate Error range of
Region, division, and state rate, 2018 (1)
2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017 2018
United States............. 255,079 257,791 160,320 162,075 153,337 155,761 6,982 6,314 4.4 3.9 3.8 - 4.0
Northeast...................... 45,074 45,168 28,385 28,495 27,110 27,362 1,275 1,133 4.5 4.0 3.8 - 4.1
New England................. 12,045 12,110 7,946 8,073 7,638 7,793 307 280 3.9 3.5 3.2 - 3.7
Connecticut.............. 2,878 2,883 1,897 1,905 1,808 1,827 89 78 4.7 4.1 3.5 - 4.7
Maine.................... 1,099 1,104 698 699 675 675 24 24 3.4 3.4 2.8 - 3.9
Massachusetts............ 5,586 5,630 3,696 3,805 3,557 3,678 139 127 3.8 3.3 3.0 - 3.7
New Hampshire............ 1,105 1,114 754 762 734 743 20 19 2.7 2.5 2.2 - 2.9
Rhode Island............. 859 861 554 556 529 533 24 23 4.4 4.1 3.5 - 4.7
Vermont.................. 516 519 346 346 336 337 10 9 3.0 2.7 2.3 - 3.0
Middle Atlantic............. 33,030 33,058 20,440 20,422 19,472 19,569 968 853 4.7 4.2 4.0 - 4.4
New Jersey............... 7,058 7,082 4,454 4,423 4,248 4,240 206 183 4.6 4.1 3.7 - 4.6
New York................. 15,724 15,705 9,561 9,575 9,114 9,181 448 394 4.7 4.1 3.8 - 4.4
Pennsylvania............. 10,248 10,271 6,425 6,424 6,111 6,149 314 276 4.9 4.3 3.9 - 4.7
Midwest........................ 53,468 53,674 34,777 34,817 33,344 33,530 1,433 1,287 4.1 3.7 3.6 - 3.8
East North Central.......... 36,961 37,072 23,623 23,642 22,570 22,687 1,053 955 4.5 4.0 3.8 - 4.2
Illinois................. 10,049 10,035 6,490 6,470 6,171 6,191 319 278 4.9 4.3 3.9 - 4.7
Indiana.................. 5,176 5,208 3,337 3,382 3,218 3,266 119 116 3.6 3.4 3.0 - 3.9
Michigan................. 7,954 7,986 4,886 4,902 4,661 4,699 225 203 4.6 4.1 3.7 - 4.6
Ohio..................... 9,193 9,229 5,770 5,755 5,483 5,492 287 263 5.0 4.6 4.2 - 5.0
Wisconsin................ 4,589 4,615 3,140 3,133 3,037 3,039 103 94 3.3 3.0 2.6 - 3.4
West North Central.......... 16,507 16,602 11,154 11,176 10,774 10,843 380 332 3.4 3.0 2.8 - 3.2
Iowa..................... 2,453 2,465 1,678 1,687 1,626 1,644 52 43 3.1 2.5 2.1 - 2.9
Kansas................... 2,217 2,222 1,479 1,482 1,425 1,432 54 50 3.7 3.4 2.9 - 3.8
Minnesota................ 4,357 4,395 3,057 3,070 2,953 2,981 104 89 3.4 2.9 2.5 - 3.3
Missouri................. 4,776 4,796 3,061 3,052 2,946 2,955 115 98 3.8 3.2 2.8 - 3.6
Nebraska................. 1,463 1,474 1,012 1,020 982 992 29 29 2.9 2.8 2.4 - 3.2
North Dakota............. 579 582 410 404 399 394 11 11 2.7 2.6 2.3 - 3.0
South Dakota............. 662 669 456 459 442 446 15 14 3.2 3.0 2.6 - 3.5
South.......................... 96,100 97,203 59,137 59,772 56,571 57,497 2,566 2,275 4.3 3.8 3.7 - 3.9
South Atlantic.............. 51,037 51,681 31,557 31,846 30,196 30,670 1,362 1,176 4.3 3.7 3.5 - 3.9
Delaware................. 762 772 477 482 455 464 21 18 4.5 3.8 3.2 - 4.3
District of Columbia..... 570 575 401 405 377 382 24 22 6.1 5.6 5.0 - 6.1
Florida.................. 16,940 17,233 10,093 10,235 9,669 9,870 424 365 4.2 3.6 3.3 - 3.9
Georgia.................. 7,995 8,099 5,059 5,108 4,822 4,906 237 201 4.7 3.9 3.5 - 4.3
Maryland................. 4,736 4,755 3,193 3,197 3,058 3,072 136 125 4.3 3.9 3.5 - 4.4
North Carolina........... 8,029 8,141 4,938 4,982 4,717 4,787 221 195 4.5 3.9 3.5 - 4.3
South Carolina........... 3,946 4,004 2,306 2,323 2,207 2,244 99 80 4.3 3.4 3.0 - 3.9
Virginia................. 6,595 6,645 4,310 4,331 4,150 4,203 159 129 3.7 3.0 2.6 - 3.3
West Virginia............ 1,464 1,456 780 783 739 742 41 41 5.2 5.3 4.7 - 5.8
East South Central.......... 14,869 14,958 8,703 8,781 8,320 8,431 382 350 4.4 4.0 3.7 - 4.2
Alabama.................. 3,833 3,847 2,178 2,199 2,082 2,112 97 86 4.4 3.9 3.5 - 4.4
Kentucky................. 3,475 3,490 2,054 2,062 1,953 1,972 101 89 4.9 4.3 3.8 - 4.9
Mississippi.............. 2,290 2,293 1,281 1,276 1,215 1,215 65 61 5.1 4.8 4.2 - 5.3
Tennessee................ 5,270 5,329 3,190 3,245 3,070 3,132 120 113 3.8 3.5 3.1 - 3.9
West South Central.......... 30,195 30,563 18,877 19,145 18,055 18,396 822 749 4.4 3.9 3.7 - 4.1
Arkansas................. 2,324 2,336 1,348 1,351 1,298 1,301 50 50 3.7 3.7 3.3 - 4.1
Louisiana................ 3,584 3,582 2,104 2,103 1,996 2,001 108 103 5.1 4.9 4.4 - 5.4
Oklahoma................. 3,000 3,011 1,836 1,842 1,758 1,779 78 63 4.2 3.4 2.9 - 3.9
Texas.................... 21,287 21,635 13,589 13,848 13,003 13,314 586 534 4.3 3.9 3.6 - 4.1
West........................... 60,358 61,046 37,975 38,555 36,269 36,954 1,706 1,601 4.5 4.2 4.0 - 4.3
Mountain.................... 18,679 19,028 11,916 12,224 11,433 11,736 483 487 4.1 4.0 3.8 - 4.2
Arizona.................. 5,492 5,606 3,328 3,440 3,165 3,274 163 166 4.9 4.8 4.3 - 5.3
Colorado................. 4,399 4,477 2,992 3,096 2,911 2,995 81 102 2.7 3.3 2.8 - 3.7
Idaho.................... 1,305 1,337 835 857 808 833 27 24 3.2 2.8 2.5 - 3.2
Montana.................. 834 843 525 528 504 509 21 20 3.9 3.7 3.3 - 4.2
Nevada................... 2,328 2,382 1,458 1,500 1,385 1,432 74 68 5.1 4.6 4.0 - 5.1
New Mexico............... 1,625 1,633 936 940 881 894 55 47 5.9 4.9 4.4 - 5.5
Utah..................... 2,248 2,303 1,548 1,572 1,498 1,523 50 49 3.3 3.1 2.7 - 3.5
Wyoming.................. 448 448 293 290 281 278 12 12 4.2 4.1 3.6 - 4.6
Pacific..................... 41,679 42,018 26,059 26,331 24,836 25,218 1,223 1,114 4.7 4.2 4.0 - 4.4
Alaska................... 547 547 361 357 336 333 25 24 7.0 6.6 5.9 - 7.3
California............... 30,865 31,063 19,205 19,398 18,285 18,583 920 815 4.8 4.2 4.0 - 4.4
Hawaii................... 1,093 1,092 684 679 667 662 17 17 2.4 2.4 2.0 - 2.8
Oregon................... 3,332 3,376 2,091 2,105 2,005 2,017 86 87 4.1 4.2 3.7 - 4.6
Washington............... 5,842 5,941 3,719 3,793 3,544 3,622 175 171 4.7 4.5 4.1 - 4.9
Puerto Rico.................... 2,739 2,682 1,096 1,084 977 985 119 100 10.8 9.2 NA
1 Error ranges are shown at the 90-percent confidence level and are based on unrounded data.
NA = Data not available.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Unemployment rates are in percent and are based on unrounded levels. Data for subnational
areas reflect revised population controls and model re-estimation. As a result, they do not sum to U.S. totals. Data for Puerto Rico
are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey.
