Prices in the New York-Newark-Jersey City area, as measured by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), advanced 0.4 percent in February, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. (See table A.) Regional Commissioner William J. Sibley attributed the February increase to rising prices for shelter, new and used motor vehicles, and public transportation that were partly offset by declining prices for energy. (Data in this report are not seasonally adjusted. Accordingly, month-to-month changes may reflect seasonal influences.)

Over the last 12 months, the CPI-U advanced 6.0 percent. (See chart 1 and table A.) The index for all items less food and energy increased 5.6 percent over the year. Food prices increased 7.8 percent. Energy prices rose 8.1 percent. (See table 1.)

Food

Food prices ticked up 0.1 percent for the month of February, with prices for food at home increasing by 0.2 percent. Among the six grocery categories, three posted price increases and two had price decreases. Citrus fruits; spices, seasonings, condiments, sauces; and soups were among the grocery items with higher prices in February. Prices for food away from home edged down 0.1 percent.

For the year ending in February 2023, food prices increased 7.8 percent. Prices for food at home rose 8.3 percent, and prices for food away from home advanced 6.9 percent.

Energy

The energy index fell 2.7 percent over the month, after advancing 0.9 percent in January. The downturn was mainly due to lower prices for household energy (-4.1 percent). Within household energy, lower prices were recorded for natural gas (-6.5 percent), electricity (-2.3 percent), and fuel oil. In contrast, a 0.3-percent increase in gasoline prices partially offset these decreases.

From February 2022 to February 2023, energy prices rose 8.1 percent. Household energy prices increased 17.5 percent, with higher prices for electricity (20.9 percent), natural gas (12.6 percent), and fuel oil. On the other hand, prices for gasoline decreased 4.3 percent.

All items less food and energy

The index for all items less food and energy advanced 0.6 percent in February. A 0.4-percent rise in shelter prices included price increases for owners' equivalent rent (0.6 percent) and residential rent (0.5 percent). Prices for new and used motor vehicles (a category that includes rental and leased vehicles) increased 2.9 percent. February prices were also higher for public transportation. Other components with price increases included recreation (0.5 percent) and apparel (0.8 percent).

Over the year, the index for all items less food and energy increased 5.6 percent. Shelter prices, up 5.6 percent, included a 5.5-percent increase for owners’ equivalent rent and a 5.1-percent increase for residential rent. Prices for new and used motor vehicles were up 8.6 percent.

Table A. New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA, CPI-U 1-month and 12-month percent changes, all items index, not seasonally adjusted

Month	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023
	1-month	12-month	1-month	12-month	1-month	12-month	1-month	12-month	1-month	12-month
January	0.5	1.6	0.8	2.5	0.4	1.2	1.1	5.1	0.8	6.0
February	0.2	1.3	0.2	2.4	0.3	1.4	0.3	5.1	0.4	6.0
March	0.3	1.6	-0.2	2.0	0.4	2.0	1.3	6.1
April	0.3	1.6	-0.5	1.1	0.7	3.2	0.9	6.3
May	0.2	1.5	0.5	1.4	0.5	3.2	0.5	6.3
June	0.3	1.7	0.1	1.3	1.0	4.1	1.4	6.7
July	0.0	1.7	0.5	1.7	-0.1	3.5	-0.3	6.5
August	0.2	1.8	-0.1	1.4	0.1	3.7	0.2	6.6
September	0.0	1.4	0.4	1.9	0.5	3.8	0.2	6.2
October	0.0	1.5	-0.2	1.7	0.3	4.3	0.1	6.0
November	0.1	1.8	-0.3	1.4	0.3	5.0	0.2	5.9
December	0.1	2.2	0.4	1.6	-0.2	4.4	0.2	6.3

The March 2023 Consumer Price Index for the New York-Newark-Jersey City area is scheduled to be released on April 12, 2023.

Technical Note

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measures of the average change in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population groups: (1) a CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) which covers approximately 93 percent of the total U.S. population and (2) a CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which covers approximately 29 percent of the total U.S. population. The CPI-U includes, in addition to wage earners and clerical workers, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the self-employed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force.

The CPI is based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, and fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors' and dentists' services, drugs, and the other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Each month, prices are collected in 75 urban areas across the country from about 6,000 housing units and approximately 22,000 retail establishments—department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index.

The index measures price changes from a designated reference date; for most of the CPI-U the reference base is 1982-84 equals 100. An increase of 7 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 107.000.  Alternatively, that relationship can also be expressed as the price of a base period market basket of goods and services rising from $100 to $107. For further details see the CPI home page on the internet at www.bls.gov/cpi and the CPI section of the BLS Handbook of Methods available on the internet at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/cpi/.

In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights that represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. Because the sample size of a local area is smaller, the local area index is subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error than the national index. In addition, local indexes are not adjusted for seasonal influences. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are quite similar. NOTE: Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of prices between cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period.

The New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA Core Based Statistical Area includes Bronx, Dutchess, Kings, Nassau, New York, Orange, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk, and Westchester Counties in New York; Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Hunterdon, Middlesex, Monmouth, Morris, Ocean, Passaic, Somerset, Sussex, and Union Counties in New Jersey; and Pike County in Pennsylvania.

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