Workers in the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $19.07 in May 2013, about 15 percent below the nationwide average of $22.33, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Regional Commissioner Janet S. Rankin noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were significantly lower than their respective national averages in 19 of the 22 major occupational groups, including construction and extraction, computer and mathematical, and management.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 7 of the 22 occupational groups, including healthcare practitioners and technical, healthcare support, and transportation and material moving. Conversely, 12 groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including business and financial operations, computer and mathematical, and food preparation and serving related. (See table A and box note at end of release.)

One occupational group—healthcare support—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Jackson had 11,890 jobs in healthcare support, accounting for 4.8 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 3.0-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $10.89, measurably below the national wage of $13.61.

With employment of 4,150, home health aides was the largest occupation within the healthcare support group, followed by nursing assistants (3,510) and psychiatric aides (1,960). Among the higher paying jobs were physical therapist assistants and dental assistants, with mean hourly wages of $20.57 and $15.91, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were psychiatric aides ($8.86) and home health aides ($10.33). (Detailed occupational data for healthcare support are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_27140.htm.)

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2013

Major occupational group	Percent of total employment		Mean hourly wage
	United States	Jackson	United States	Jackson	Percent difference (1)
Total, all occupations	100.0%	100.0%	$22.33	$19.07*	-15
Management	4.9	5.8*	53.15	41.75*	-21
Business and financial operations	5.0	3.6*	34.14	26.80*	-21
Computer and mathematical	2.8	1.6*	39.43	29.55*	-25
Architecture and engineering	1.8	1.3*	38.51	31.23*	-19
Life, physical, and social science	0.9	0.7*	33.37	25.55*	-23
Community and social services	1.4	1.2*	21.50	18.44*	-14
Legal	0.8	0.9	47.89	38.71*	-19
Education, training, and library	6.3	6.3	24.76	22.78	-8
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	1.3	1.0*	26.72	19.57*	-27
Healthcare practitioner and technical	5.8	7.7*	35.93	31.47*	-12
Healthcare support	3.0	4.8*	13.61	10.89*	-20
Protective service	2.5	3.4*	20.92	13.58*	-35
Food preparation and serving related	9.0	8.3*	10.38	9.16*	-12
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance	3.2	2.9*	12.51	10.37*	-17
Personal care and service	3.0	2.1*	11.88	10.48*	-12
Sales and related	10.6	10.3	18.37	15.68*	-15
Office and administrative support	16.2	16.8*	16.78	15.47*	-8
Farming, fishing, and forestry	0.3	0.2*	11.70	12.26	5
Construction and extraction	3.8	3.2*	21.94	15.98*	-27
Installation, maintenance, and repair	3.9	4.2*	21.35	19.62*	-8
Production	6.6	6.0*	16.79	16.57	-1
Transportation and material moving	6.8	7.7*	16.28	15.01*	-8
* The percent share of employment or mean hourly wage for this area is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90-percent confidence level. (1) A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in Jackson is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference reflects a lower wage.

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area, above average concentrations of employment were found in some of the occupations within the healthcare support group. For instance, psychiatric aides were employed at 13.9 times the national rate in Jackson, and home health aides, at 2.8 times the U.S. average. On the other hand, dental assistants had a location quotient of 1.0 in Jackson, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Mississippi Department of Employment Security.

Technical Note

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands are also surveyed, but their data are not included in the national estimates. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed to approximately 200,000 sampled establishments in May and November each year for a 3-year period. May 2013 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected in May 2013, November 2012, May 2012, November 2011, May 2011, and November 2010. The overall national response rate for the six panels is 75.3 percent based on establishments and 71.6 percent based on employment. The sample in the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area included 2,301 establishments with a response rate of 73 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/news.release/ocwage.tn.htm.

The OES survey provides estimates of employment and hourly and annual wages for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and 821 detailed occupations for the nation, states, metropolitan statistical areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas. In addition, employment and wage estimates for 94 minor groups and 458 broad occupations are available in the national data. OES data by state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available from www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm, respectively.

The May 2013 OES estimates are based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Information about the 2010 SOC is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc and information about the 2012 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

Area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Jackson, Miss. Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Copiah, Hinds, Madison, Rankin, and Simpson Counties.

Additional information

OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/regions/southeast. Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey is available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/methods_statement.pdf. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request – Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 800-877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation, Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2013

Occupation (1)	Employment		Mean wages
	Level (2)	Location quotient (3)	Hourly	Annual (4)
Healthcare Support Occupations	11,890	1.6	$10.89	$22,660
Home Health Aides	4,150	2.8	10.33	21,480
Psychiatric Aides	1,960	13.9	8.86	18,420
Nursing Assistants	3,510	1.3	10.17	21,160
Orderlies	140	1.4	9.22	19,180
Occupational Therapy Assistants	70	1.3	27.80	57,830
Physical Therapist Assistants	210	1.5	20.57	42,790
Physical Therapist Aides	60	0.6	12.27	25,530
Massage Therapists	60	0.4	8.61	17,900
Dental Assistants	570	1.0	15.91	33,090
Medical Assistants	370	0.4	14.17	29,480
Medical Equipment Preparers	100	1.1	11.87	24,700
Medical Transcriptionists	50	0.4	19.17	39,880
Pharmacy Aides	(5)	(5)	13.97	29,050
Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers	190	1.4	10.23	21,290
Phlebotomists	220	1.1	12.23	25,440
Healthcare Support Workers, All Other	120	0.6	17.92	37,280
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in Jackson see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_27140.htm. (2) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers. (3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average. (4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a 'year-round, full-time' hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (5) Estimate not released.