Workers in the Pascagoula Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $20.79 in May 2013, 7 percent below the nationwide average of $22.33, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Regional Commissioner Janet S. Rankin noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were significantly lower than their respective national averages in 16 of the 22 major occupational groups, including education, training, and library; sales and related; and management. One group, production, had significantly higher wages than their respective national average.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 5 of the 22 occupational groups, including construction and extraction; production; and installation, maintenance, and repair. Conversely, 13 groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including office and administrative support, sales and related, and business and financial operations. (See table A and box note at end of release.)

One occupational group—construction and extraction—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Pascagoula had 5,450 jobs in construction and extraction, accounting for 10.2 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 3.8-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $21.35, compared to the national wage of $21.94.

With employment of 870, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters was the largest occupation within the construction and extraction group, followed by carpenters (620) and construction laborers (480). Among the higher paying jobs were first-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers and carpenters, with mean hourly wages of $28.62 and $21.20, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were highway maintenance workers ($12.82) and construction laborers ($13.25). (Detailed occupational data for construction and extraction are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_37700.htm.)

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Pascagoula Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2013

Major occupational group	Percent of total employment		Mean hourly wage
	United States	Pascagoula	United States	Pascagoula	Percent difference 1
Total, all occupations	100.0%	100.0%	$22.33	$20.79	-7
Management	4.9	4.6	53.15	43.73*	-18
Business and financial operations	5.0	3.5*	34.14	30.88*	-10
Computer and mathematical	2.8	2.0*	39.43	33.16*	-16
Architecture and engineering	1.8	3.0*	38.51	38.15	-1
Life, physical, and social science	0.9	0.7	33.37	30.65*	-8
Community and social services	1.4	0.7*	21.50	19.83*	-8
Legal	0.8	0.3*	47.89	27.57*	-42
Education, training, and library	6.3	6.0	24.76	17.84*	-28
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media	1.3	0.5*	26.72	24.86	-7
Healthcare practitioner and technical	5.8	6.2*	35.93	30.67*	-15
Healthcare support	3.0	2.4*	13.61	12.61*	-7
Protective service	2.5	2.3	20.92	16.29*	-22
Food preparation and serving related	9.0	7.8*	10.38	9.04*	-13
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance	3.2	2.0*	12.51	10.73*	-14
Personal care and service	3.0	1.3*	11.88	10.51*	-12
Sales and related	10.6	8.1*	18.37	13.32*	-27
Office and administrative support	16.2	13.6*	16.78	15.65*	-7
Farming, fishing, and forestry	0.3	0.1*	11.70	17.21*	47
Construction and extraction	3.8	10.2*	21.94	21.35	-3
Installation, maintenance, and repair	3.9	6.3*	21.35	22.47	5
Production	6.6	12.8*	16.79	23.63*	41
Transportation and material moving	6.8	5.8*	16.28	13.93*	-14
1 A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in Pascagoula is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference reflects a lower wage. * The percent share of employment or mean hourly wage for this area is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90-percent confidence level.

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Pascagoula Metropolitan Statistical Area, above average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the construction and extraction group. For instance, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters were employed at 6.1 times the national rate in Pascagoula, and carpenters, at 2.7 times the U.S. average. On the other hand, highway maintenance workers had a location quotient of 1.0 in Pascagoula, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Mississippi Department of Employment Security.

Technical Note

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands are also surveyed, but their data are not included in the national estimates. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed to approximately 200,000 sampled establishments in May and November each year for a 3-year period. May 2013 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected in May 2013, November 2012, May 2012, November 2011, May 2011, and November 2010. The overall national response rate for the six panels is 75.3 percent based on establishments and 71.6 percent based on employment. The sample in the Pascagoula Metropolitan Statistical Area included 789 establishments with a response rate of 83 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/news.release/ocwage.tn.htm.

The OES survey provides estimates of employment and hourly and annual wages for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and 821 detailed occupations for the nation, states, metropolitan statistical areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas. In addition, employment and wage estimates for 94 minor groups and 458 broad occupations are available in the national data. OES data by state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available from www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm, respectively.

The May 2013 OES estimates are based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Information about the 2010 SOC is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc and information about the 2012 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

Area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Pascagoula, Miss. Metropolitan Statistical Area includes George and Jackson Counties.

Additional information

OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/regions/southeast. Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey is available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/methods_statement.pdf. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request – Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 800-877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation, Pascagoula Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2013

Occupation (1)	Employment		Mean wages
	Level (2)	Location quotient (3)	Hourly	Annual (4)
Construction and Extraction Occupations	5,450	2.7	$21.35	$44,400
First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers	370	1.9	28.62	59,530
Carpenters	620	2.7	21.20	44,090
Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers	120	2.0	15.78	32,810
Construction Laborers	480	1.4	13.25	27,550
Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators	40	1.9	14.24	29,610
Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators	210	1.5	17.91	37,250
Painters, Construction and Maintenance	240	3.1	16.22	33,730
Pipelayers	50	2.8	18.32	38,110
Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	870	6.1	(5)	(5)
Structural Iron and Steel Workers	100	4.4	23.49	48,850
Helpers--Carpenters	70	4.4	16.07	33,430
Helpers--Electricians	(5)	(5)	9.55	19,860
Helpers--Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters	50	2.5	11.40	23,720
Construction and Building Inspectors	60	1.6	20.47	42,580
Highway Maintenance Workers	60	1.0	12.82	26,660
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in Pascagoula, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_37700.htm. (2) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers. (3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average. (4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a 'year-round, full-time' hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (5) Estimate not released.