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News Release Information

19-931-SAN
Friday, June 07, 2019

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (415) 625-2270

Business Employment Dynamics in Hawaii – Third Quarter 2018

From June 2018 to September 2018, gross job gains in Hawaii totaled 27,074, while gross job losses numbered 29,782, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Richard Holden, the Bureau’s Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations, noted that gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 2,708. During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 1,606.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.)

Hawaii’s number of quarterly gross job gains decreased by 945 during the third quarter of 2018, following an increase of 1,139 in the previous quarter. Gross job losses rose by 157 in the current quarter, after rising by 3,517 the previous quarter. The net loss of 2,708 jobs in the third quarter of 2018 was the second consecutive quarterly loss following three consecutive quarters of net job gains. (See chart 1.)

Gross job gains represented 5.1 percent of private sector employment in Hawaii in the third quarter of  2018, while gross job losses accounted for 5.5 percent of employment. Nationally, gross job gains and gross job losses each accounted for 6.0 percent of private employment. (See chart 2.) The rate of gross job gains in Hawaii has been below the U.S. rate each quarter since data became available in 1992. The rate of gross job losses in Hawaii has been below the U.S. rate each quarter since March 2001.

During the third quarter of 2018, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 7 of the 8 industry sectors in Hawaii. For example, within leisure and hospitality, gross job losses exceeded gross jobs gains by 630. While 5,384 jobs were gained in opening and expanding establishments in the industry, 6,014 jobs were lost by closing and contracting establishments. In construction, 2,844 jobs were created in opening and expanding establishments, while 3,306 jobs were lost in closing and contracting establishments. (See table 1.)

In contrast, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in one industry sector in the third quarter of 2018. The education and health services industry had a net employment gain of 306.

Additional statistics and other information

BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics release for Fourth Quarter 2018 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, July 24, 2019.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the quarterly QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request: voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Hawaii, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains and job losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and job losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Sept
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
June
2018
Sept
2018
Sept
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
June
2018
Sept
2018

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

29,07127,32226,88028,01927,0745.45.15.05.25.1

At expanding establishments

22,55322,55822,07523,10621,8294.24.24.14.34.1

At opening establishments

6,5184,7644,8054,9135,2451.20.90.90.91.0

Gross job losses

27,15525,43726,10829,62529,7825.14.74.85.55.5

At contracting establishments

22,99920,41321,12923,06523,2514.33.83.94.34.3

At closing establishments

4,1565,0244,9796,5606,5310.80.90.91.21.2

Net employment change (2)

1,9161,885772-1,606-2,7080.30.40.2-0.3-0.4

Construction

Gross job gains

2,8832,8823,0883,2392,8448.18.18.79.17.9

At expanding establishments

2,3582,3862,6532,7872,4776.66.77.57.86.9

At opening establishments

5254964354523671.51.41.21.31.0

Gross job losses

3,6033,0442,9773,0733,30610.08.68.38.69.2

At contracting establishments

2,9402,5392,4312,4742,6118.27.26.86.97.3

At closing establishments

6635055465996951.81.41.51.71.9

Net employment change (2)

-720-162111166-462-1.9-0.50.40.5-1.3

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

6776897606635953.83.94.33.73.3

At expanding establishments

5766025545924993.23.43.13.32.8

At opening establishments

1018720671960.60.51.20.40.5

Gross job losses

6586978197347373.73.84.64.14.2

At contracting establishments

5685475555695673.23.03.13.23.2

At closing establishments

901502641651700.50.81.50.91.0

Net employment change (2)

19-8-59-71-1420.10.1-0.3-0.4-0.9

Retail trade

Gross job gains

3,8333,7533,3734,0553,4095.45.34.75.74.8

At expanding establishments

2,9893,3923,0233,6562,9854.24.84.25.14.2

At opening establishments

8443613503994241.20.50.50.60.6

Gross job losses

3,8803,6253,4894,1193,6535.55.14.95.75.1

At contracting establishments

3,5493,2203,0463,6023,1405.04.54.35.04.4

At closing establishments

3314054435175130.50.60.60.70.7

Net employment change (2)

-47128-116-64-244-0.10.2-0.20.0-0.3

Financial activities

Gross job gains

1,1801,3031,0881,1731,2524.24.63.94.24.4

At expanding establishments

9671,0249309541,0543.43.63.33.43.7

At opening establishments

2132791582191980.81.00.60.80.7

Gross job losses

1,2001,1131,1751,2461,4514.33.94.24.45.1

At contracting establishments

9598549258771,1103.43.03.33.13.9

At closing establishments

2412592503693410.90.90.91.31.2

Net employment change (2)

-20190-87-73-199-0.10.7-0.3-0.2-0.7

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

3,8753,9793,8133,9073,9834.64.84.64.74.9

At expanding establishments

3,2543,2483,1583,1403,1043.93.93.83.83.8

At opening establishments

6217316557678790.70.90.80.91.1

Gross job losses

4,4683,7693,8924,1734,1345.44.54.75.14.9

At contracting establishments

3,5692,8453,1213,1803,0184.33.43.83.93.6

At closing establishments

8999247719931,1161.11.10.91.21.3

Net employment change (2)

-593210-79-266-151-0.80.3-0.1-0.40.0

Education and health services

Gross job gains

5,3883,0203,6853,1413,6426.43.54.33.74.3

At expanding establishments

3,4542,5833,1472,7313,0554.13.03.73.23.6

At opening establishments

1,9344375384105872.30.50.60.50.7

Gross job losses

2,9622,8503,1864,0733,3363.53.33.74.83.9

At contracting establishments

2,5012,3812,7053,2572,7533.02.83.13.83.2

At closing establishments

4614694818165830.50.50.61.00.7

Net employment change (2)

2,426170499-9323062.90.20.6-1.10.4

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

6,0956,4575,7916,2365,3844.95.24.75.04.4

At expanding establishments

4,7285,1064,4764,9924,3913.84.13.64.03.6

At opening establishments

1,3671,3511,3151,2449931.11.11.11.00.8

Gross job losses

6,0185,1075,9236,7266,0144.94.14.85.44.9

At contracting establishments

5,2474,2234,7355,2724,9214.33.43.84.24.0

At closing establishments

7718841,1881,4541,0930.60.71.01.20.9

Net employment change (2)

771,350-132-490-6300.01.1-0.1-0.4-0.5

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

1,4711,4651,3681,3911,4065.65.65.25.35.4

At expanding establishments

1,2051,1241,1241,2191,1974.64.34.34.64.6

At opening establishments

2663412441722091.01.30.90.70.8

Gross job losses

1,5571,2971,3921,5571,5316.04.95.35.95.8

At contracting establishments

1,2461,0101,0321,1111,1824.83.83.94.24.5

At closing establishments

3112873604463491.21.11.41.71.3

Net employment change (2)

-86168-24-166-125-0.40.7-0.1-0.6-0.4

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Sept.
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
June
2018
Sept.
2018
Sept.
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
June
2018
Sept.
2018

United States(1)

6.06.46.06.16.06.15.65.45.86.0

Alabama

6.06.06.05.85.95.85.45.35.75.9

Alaska

8.79.79.810.98.910.810.28.810.710.6

Arizona

6.66.36.06.06.65.25.35.35.95.0

Arkansas

5.86.15.45.06.05.55.15.05.65.5

California

6.56.96.46.76.56.36.05.96.36.2

Colorado

6.76.86.86.86.66.56.16.06.16.8

Connecticut

5.45.35.15.85.25.85.25.25.05.6

Delaware

6.47.07.16.55.66.66.45.96.06.6

District of Columbia

5.45.86.05.65.35.25.04.75.55.5

Florida

5.88.26.16.56.77.55.35.56.15.7

Georgia

6.26.96.56.26.76.15.65.66.46.2

Hawaii

5.45.15.05.25.15.14.74.85.55.5

Idaho

6.77.47.97.36.86.86.65.96.76.9

Illinois

5.66.05.75.65.66.05.35.15.55.7

Indiana

5.45.75.65.45.25.65.05.15.55.4

Iowa

5.55.95.55.75.35.75.35.35.45.7

Kansas

6.35.95.25.75.95.75.25.55.65.7

Kentucky

6.06.16.25.95.76.05.65.95.66.0

Louisiana

6.26.26.56.16.26.16.05.86.56.2

Maine

6.57.27.28.16.07.56.67.07.17.5

Maryland

6.36.26.36.06.36.26.35.75.86.6

Massachusetts

5.45.75.46.15.55.65.45.25.46.2

Michigan

5.35.75.75.65.06.05.44.65.16.2

Minnesota

5.35.85.35.85.45.75.55.05.35.7

Mississippi

5.96.35.55.75.85.95.45.86.05.7

Missouri

5.95.75.45.75.95.95.55.25.76.0

Montana

7.28.57.88.07.27.97.47.17.87.9

Nebraska

5.96.25.65.95.85.95.55.55.86.0

Nevada

6.26.66.56.16.75.85.25.45.85.6

New Hampshire

5.56.76.16.75.66.65.95.96.36.8

New Jersey

6.06.45.66.56.06.35.85.85.76.3

New Mexico

6.66.56.36.56.46.36.15.56.26.4

New York

6.36.26.26.36.16.15.85.65.86.4

North Carolina

6.06.36.26.15.66.05.55.25.56.5

North Dakota

6.76.87.06.76.66.76.86.36.26.6

Ohio

5.35.75.55.65.35.75.25.05.45.7

Oklahoma

6.66.46.16.36.66.05.85.56.56.1

Oregon

6.66.87.86.26.26.46.05.66.26.3

Pennsylvania

5.55.55.25.35.45.25.04.95.15.2

Rhode Island

6.06.66.36.36.26.36.06.16.16.4

South Carolina

5.87.05.97.55.86.25.34.76.56.5

South Dakota

5.86.46.46.15.95.95.75.96.15.8

Tennessee

5.45.95.05.55.85.24.94.85.15.2

Texas

5.96.45.85.95.95.85.35.15.25.4

Utah

7.07.07.46.97.36.35.96.06.36.5

Vermont

6.57.46.47.26.97.86.57.07.37.4

Virginia

5.96.35.86.15.66.25.55.25.86.3

Washington

6.46.97.27.36.16.46.05.76.36.3

West Virginia

6.76.36.86.87.06.36.15.86.46.4

Wisconsin

5.05.65.65.45.15.75.04.75.55.9

Wyoming

8.78.78.48.28.27.98.48.08.38.3

Puerto Rico

4.57.18.48.07.26.811.86.86.25.8

Virgin Islands

4.29.212.012.510.911.628.216.88.66.3

Footnotes
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

 

Last Modified Date: Friday, June 07, 2019