From March 2019 to June 2019, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Oregon totaled 105,253, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments numbered 100,367, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Richard Holden, the Bureau’s Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations, noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 4,886. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 9,934.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.)

Oregon’s number of gross job gains rose by 215 during the second quarter of 2019, following a decrease of 5,348 in the previous quarter. Gross job losses rose by 5,263 in the second quarter of 2019, after decreasing by 3,049 in the previous quarter. (See chart 1.)

Gross job gains represented 6.3 percent of private-sector employment in Oregon in the second quarter of 2019, while gross job losses accounted for 6.1 percent of private-sector employment. Nationally, gross job gains and gross job losses accounted for 6.0 and 5.9 percent of private-sector employment, respectively. (See chart 2.) The rates of both gross job gains and gross job losses in Oregon have been at or above the U.S. rate each quarter since data became available in 1992, with one exception in the first quarter of 1998.

During the second quarter of 2019, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 7 of the 11 industry sectors in Oregon. For example, within leisure and hospitality, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 1,699. While 17,789 jobs were gained in opening and expanding establishments in the industry, 16,090 jobs were lost by closing and contracting establishments in the second quarter of 2019. In professional and business services, 16,690 jobs were created in opening and expanding establishments, while 15,573 jobs were lost in closing and contracting establishments. (See table 1.)

Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in four industry sectors in Oregon. The retail trade industry sector had the largest net employment loss, down 1,260.

Additional statistics and other information

BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for the Third Quarter 2019 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 29, 2020.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the quarterly QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request: voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Oregon, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2018	Sept 2018	Dec. 2018	Mar. 2019	June 2019	June 2018	Sept 2018	Dec. 2018	Mar. 2019	June 2019
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	102,489	101,862	110,386	105,038	105,253	6.2	6.2	6.7	6.3	6.3
At expanding establishments	85,536	83,828	92,240	86,696	88,122	5.2	5.1	5.6	5.2	5.3
At opening establishments	16,953	18,034	18,146	18,342	17,131	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0
Gross job losses	103,335	102,384	98,153	95,104	100,367	6.3	6.3	6.0	5.8	6.1
At contracting establishments	86,773	84,724	81,209	80,548	82,808	5.3	5.2	5.0	4.9	5.0
At closing establishments	16,562	17,660	16,944	14,556	17,559	1.0	1.1	1.0	0.9	1.1
Net employment change (2)	-846	-522	12,233	9,934	4,886	-0.1	-0.1	0.7	0.5	0.2
Construction
Gross job gains	9,658	8,946	10,604	10,201	9,977	9.3	8.6	10.1	9.5	9.1
At expanding establishments	7,482	7,050	8,187	7,984	7,863	7.2	6.8	7.8	7.4	7.2
At opening establishments	2,176	1,896	2,417	2,217	2,114	2.1	1.8	2.3	2.1	1.9
Gross job losses	9,124	9,382	8,406	8,816	9,106	8.7	9.1	8.1	8.2	8.4
At contracting establishments	7,190	7,245	6,355	7,004	7,089	6.9	7.0	6.1	6.5	6.5
At closing establishments	1,934	2,137	2,051	1,812	2,017	1.8	2.1	2.0	1.7	1.9
Net employment change (2)	534	-436	2,198	1,385	871	0.6	-0.5	2.0	1.3	0.7
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	7,550	6,571	8,537	7,639	7,068	3.9	3.3	4.4	3.8	3.5
At expanding establishments	6,932	5,907	8,003	7,027	6,597	3.6	3.0	4.1	3.5	3.3
At opening establishments	618	664	534	612	471	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2
Gross job losses	6,406	7,122	5,409	6,688	7,548	3.3	3.7	2.7	3.3	3.8
At contracting establishments	5,779	6,348	4,775	6,020	6,740	3.0	3.3	2.4	3.0	3.4
At closing establishments	627	774	634	668	808	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4
Net employment change (2)	1,144	-551	3,128	951	-480	0.6	-0.4	1.7	0.5	-0.3
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	3,482	3,386	3,713	3,400	3,556	4.6	4.5	5.0	4.5	4.6
At expanding establishments	2,941	2,912	3,133	2,809	3,075	3.9	3.9	4.2	3.7	4.0
At opening establishments	541	474	580	591	481	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.6
Gross job losses	3,143	3,402	3,053	3,508	3,411	4.2	4.5	4.1	4.7	4.4
At contracting establishments	2,480	2,569	2,330	2,937	2,549	3.3	3.4	3.1	3.9	3.3
At closing establishments	663	833	723	571	862	0.9	1.1	1.0	0.8	1.1
Net employment change (2)	339	-16	660	-108	145	0.4	0.0	0.9	-0.2	0.2
Retail trade
Gross job gains	11,950	12,743	9,580	12,363	11,500	5.6	6.0	4.5	5.9	5.4
At expanding establishments	10,023	11,113	8,437	11,065	10,159	4.7	5.2	4.0	5.3	4.8
At opening establishments	1,927	1,630	1,143	1,298	1,341	0.9	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.6
Gross job losses	12,538	12,592	12,896	9,986	12,760	5.9	5.9	6.2	4.8	6.1
At contracting establishments	11,458	10,885	11,254	8,756	11,088	5.4	5.1	5.4	4.2	5.3
At closing establishments	1,080	1,707	1,642	1,230	1,672	0.5	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.8
Net employment change (2)	-588	151	-3,316	2,377	-1,260	-0.3	0.1	-1.7	1.1	-0.7
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	3,067	4,164	4,397	3,489	3,302	5.4	7.2	7.3	5.6	5.3
At expanding establishments	2,681	2,898	3,955	3,019	2,926	4.7	5.0	6.6	4.8	4.7
At opening establishments	386	1,266	442	470	376	0.7	2.2	0.7	0.8	0.6
Gross job losses	2,986	3,158	2,911	4,652	3,336	5.1	5.4	4.9	7.5	5.4
At contracting establishments	2,559	2,613	2,420	4,411	2,771	4.4	4.5	4.1	7.1	4.5
At closing establishments	427	545	491	241	565	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.4	0.9
Net employment change (2)	81	1,006	1,486	-1,163	-34	0.3	1.8	2.4	-1.9	-0.1
Information
Gross job gains	1,857	1,739	2,288	1,732	2,400	5.4	5.1	6.7	5.1	6.9
At expanding establishments	1,434	1,357	1,445	1,293	1,768	4.2	4.0	4.2	3.8	5.1
At opening establishments	423	382	843	439	632	1.2	1.1	2.5	1.3	1.8
Gross job losses	2,658	1,907	1,782	2,022	1,604	7.8	5.7	5.2	5.9	4.7
At contracting establishments	2,188	1,342	1,472	1,480	1,240	6.4	4.0	4.3	4.3	3.6
At closing establishments	470	565	310	542	364	1.4	1.7	0.9	1.6	1.1
Net employment change (2)	-801	-168	506	-290	796	-2.4	-0.6	1.5	-0.8	2.2
Financial activities
Gross job gains	4,414	4,655	4,571	4,431	4,354	5.2	5.5	5.5	5.2	5.1
At expanding establishments	3,267	3,622	3,429	3,430	3,323	3.8	4.3	4.1	4.0	3.9
At opening establishments	1,147	1,033	1,142	1,001	1,031	1.4	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.2
Gross job losses	4,623	4,698	4,812	3,965	4,509	5.5	5.6	5.7	4.7	5.3
At contracting establishments	3,455	3,292	3,543	3,124	3,249	4.1	3.9	4.2	3.7	3.8
At closing establishments	1,168	1,406	1,269	841	1,260	1.4	1.7	1.5	1.0	1.5
Net employment change (2)	-209	-43	-241	466	-155	-0.3	-0.1	-0.2	0.5	-0.2
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	15,513	16,114	21,771	15,156	16,690	6.2	6.6	8.8	6.1	6.6
At expanding establishments	12,440	12,998	18,394	12,478	13,488	5.0	5.3	7.4	5.0	5.3
At opening establishments	3,073	3,116	3,377	2,678	3,202	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.3
Gross job losses	17,607	16,038	16,135	14,050	15,573	7.1	6.4	6.4	5.6	6.2
At contracting establishments	14,152	12,718	12,554	11,385	12,114	5.7	5.1	5.0	4.5	4.8
At closing establishments	3,455	3,320	3,581	2,665	3,459	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.1	1.4
Net employment change (2)	-2,094	76	5,636	1,106	1,117	-0.9	0.2	2.4	0.5	0.4
Education and health services
Gross job gains	11,297	11,983	12,482	13,614	12,060	3.9	4.1	4.3	4.6	4.1
At expanding establishments	9,600	10,254	10,741	11,753	10,503	3.3	3.5	3.7	4.0	3.6
At opening establishments	1,697	1,729	1,741	1,861	1,557	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5
Gross job losses	11,671	11,419	10,744	9,910	11,734	4.0	4.0	3.7	3.4	4.0
At contracting establishments	9,880	9,508	9,096	8,420	10,108	3.4	3.3	3.1	2.9	3.4
At closing establishments	1,791	1,911	1,648	1,490	1,626	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.6
Net employment change (2)	-374	564	1,738	3,704	326	-0.1	0.1	0.6	1.2	0.1
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	17,531	15,039	17,272	16,283	17,789	8.3	7.1	8.2	7.6	8.3
At expanding establishments	14,647	11,865	14,309	13,069	14,769	6.9	5.6	6.8	6.1	6.9
At opening establishments	2,884	3,174	2,963	3,214	3,020	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.4
Gross job losses	16,538	17,491	14,868	16,776	16,090	7.9	8.3	7.0	7.8	7.5
At contracting establishments	14,058	15,171	12,545	14,320	13,435	6.7	7.2	5.9	6.7	6.3
At closing establishments	2,480	2,320	2,323	2,456	2,655	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2
Net employment change (2)	993	-2,452	2,404	-493	1,699	0.4	-1.2	1.2	-0.2	0.8
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	4,761	3,958	4,416	4,180	4,411	7.4	6.2	6.9	6.6	6.9
At expanding establishments	3,870	3,259	3,632	3,245	3,727	6.0	5.1	5.7	5.1	5.8
At opening establishments	891	699	784	935	684	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.5	1.1
Gross job losses	4,213	4,609	4,260	4,036	4,192	6.6	7.2	6.7	6.3	6.5
At contracting establishments	3,394	3,651	3,246	3,378	3,301	5.3	5.7	5.1	5.3	5.1
At closing establishments	819	958	1,014	658	891	1.3	1.5	1.6	1.0	1.4
Net employment change (2)	548	-651	156	144	219	0.8	-1.0	0.2	0.3	0.4
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2018	Sept. 2018	Dec. 2018	Mar. 2019	June 2019	June 2018	Sept. 2018	Dec. 2018	Mar. 2019	June 2019
United States(1)	6.1	6.0	6.3	5.9	6.0	5.8	6.0	5.6	5.5	5.9
Alabama	5.8	6.0	6.3	6.0	5.8	5.7	5.9	5.3	5.5	6.0
Alaska	10.9	8.9	11.0	10.0	10.8	10.7	10.7	9.8	9.0	10.2
Arizona	6.0	6.6	6.2	5.6	5.7	5.9	5.1	5.1	5.5	5.7
Arkansas	5.0	6.1	5.9	5.2	5.0	5.7	5.6	5.0	5.1	5.7
California	6.7	6.5	6.9	6.3	6.6	6.4	6.2	5.9	6.2	6.4
Colorado	6.8	6.6	6.8	6.6	7.0	6.1	6.8	6.0	6.3	6.2
Connecticut	5.8	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.8	5.1	5.7	4.9	5.7	5.9
Delaware	6.4	5.7	6.6	6.4	6.0	6.0	6.5	5.6	5.5	6.3
District of Columbia	5.6	5.3	5.6	5.4	5.4	5.6	5.5	5.1	4.9	5.5
Florida	6.4	6.8	6.4	6.1	6.5	6.1	5.8	6.1	5.6	6.3
Georgia	6.3	6.7	6.3	6.8	6.2	6.4	6.1	5.8	5.7	6.4
Hawaii	5.3	5.1	5.8	5.4	4.7	5.4	5.4	5.1	5.9	6.1
Idaho	7.3	6.8	7.4	7.5	7.1	6.8	6.9	6.3	6.1	6.7
Illinois	5.6	5.5	5.5	5.2	5.6	5.6	5.8	5.6	5.1	5.3
Indiana	5.5	5.2	5.6	5.9	5.2	5.5	5.4	5.0	4.8	5.8
Iowa	5.7	5.3	5.8	5.1	5.8	5.4	5.7	5.3	5.4	5.6
Kansas	5.7	5.9	6.1	5.4	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.4	5.7	5.7
Kentucky	5.9	5.8	6.1	5.8	5.8	5.7	6.0	5.4	5.5	5.9
Louisiana	6.2	6.3	6.2	5.9	6.0	6.5	6.3	5.8	5.9	6.5
Maine	8.0	6.1	7.3	7.2	7.5	7.1	7.5	6.7	6.4	7.5
Maryland	6.1	6.3	6.8	6.4	6.3	5.8	6.6	6.4	5.7	6.4
Massachusetts	6.1	5.6	5.8	5.7	6.0	5.5	6.1	5.3	5.2	5.7
Michigan	5.5	5.0	5.6	5.1	5.5	5.2	6.2	5.2	4.6	5.8
Minnesota	5.8	5.5	5.7	5.2	5.8	5.2	5.7	5.4	5.1	5.5
Mississippi	5.7	5.9	6.5	5.7	5.8	6.0	5.9	5.3	6.2	6.0
Missouri	5.7	5.9	5.8	5.4	5.6	5.7	6.0	5.4	5.3	5.8
Montana	8.0	7.2	8.9	7.6	8.0	7.8	7.9	7.2	8.0	7.7
Nebraska	5.8	5.9	5.9	5.7	5.7	5.8	5.9	5.7	5.6	5.7
Nevada	6.1	6.7	6.6	6.0	5.9	5.8	5.7	5.5	5.4	6.0
New Hampshire	6.7	5.7	6.6	6.3	6.4	6.2	6.8	5.7	5.7	6.3
New Jersey	6.5	6.0	6.4	5.7	6.2	5.8	6.4	5.7	5.6	5.8
New Mexico	6.7	6.4	6.8	6.4	6.3	6.2	6.4	6.1	5.8	6.3
New York	6.3	6.1	6.3	6.0	6.0	5.8	6.4	5.7	5.3	5.9
North Carolina	6.1	5.7	6.7	6.3	6.1	5.7	6.4	5.3	5.1	5.7
North Dakota	6.7	6.6	6.8	7.1	6.7	6.2	6.6	6.2	6.4	6.7
Ohio	5.6	5.4	5.6	5.5	5.6	5.4	5.8	5.3	5.1	5.7
Oklahoma	6.4	6.7	6.5	5.8	5.9	6.3	6.1	6.1	5.8	6.2
Oregon	6.2	6.2	6.7	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.0	5.8	6.1
Pennsylvania	5.3	5.4	5.3	5.1	5.2	5.1	5.2	4.8	4.8	5.3
Rhode Island	6.3	6.2	6.4	5.8	6.4	6.1	6.4	5.7	5.6	6.7
South Carolina	7.5	5.8	7.4	6.4	6.3	6.7	6.5	5.4	6.0	6.2
South Dakota	6.1	6.0	6.3	5.7	6.2	6.1	5.7	5.8	6.4	6.0
Tennessee	5.5	5.8	5.8	5.4	5.5	5.3	5.3	4.9	4.8	5.0
Texas	5.9	6.0	6.2	5.5	5.7	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.2	5.3
Utah	6.9	7.3	6.9	7.3	6.9	6.4	6.4	6.2	6.2	6.5
Vermont	7.2	6.9	7.4	6.7	6.9	7.1	7.6	6.8	6.3	7.1
Virginia	6.2	5.7	6.3	6.4	6.1	5.8	6.3	5.6	5.5	5.9
Washington	7.3	6.2	6.4	6.2	6.6	6.5	6.5	5.6	5.6	5.7
West Virginia	6.8	7.0	6.3	6.0	6.2	6.4	6.4	6.5	6.6	6.5
Wisconsin	5.5	5.1	5.4	5.1	5.5	5.5	5.9	5.0	4.8	5.3
Wyoming	8.4	8.3	10.0	8.6	8.5	8.4	8.4	7.8	7.8	9.6
Puerto Rico	7.9	7.2	6.0	7.1	6.4	6.2	5.8	6.8	5.1	5.8
Virgin Islands	13.2	12.8	7.9	11.9	8.8	7.0	5.9	7.1	7.4	6.1
Footnotes (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.