Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

News Release Information

24-363-SAN
Tuesday, February 20, 2024

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (415) 625-2270

Business Employment Dynamics in California — Second Quarter 2023

From March 2023 to June 2023, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in California were 1,028,190, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 993,780, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 34,410 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2023. During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 48,190. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2023, gross job gains represented 6.7 percent of private-sector employment in California; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.2 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In California, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 818,914 in the second quarter of 2023, an increase of 75,435 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 209,276 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2023, an increase of 2,144 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2023, gross job losses represented 6.4 percent of private-sector employment in California; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.9 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In California, contracting establishments lost 771,847 jobs in the second quarter of 2023, a decrease of 18,126 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 221,993 jobs, an increase of 13,105 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 4 of the 11 industry sectors in California in the second quarter of 2023. Education and health services had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 46,069 jobs. This was the result of 190,320 gross job gains and 144,251 gross job losses. The construction industry had a net gain of 12,952 jobs. Professional and business services showed a net loss of 31,513 jobs, the largest loss of any sector in the state. California’s information industry sector had a net loss of 26,252 jobs.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at the Business Employment Dynamics Home.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2023 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 24, 2024.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records.

More information on formal definitions of the data used in this release, along with coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, California, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains and losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023
June
2023
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023
June
2023

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

1,049,1731,047,6011,023,199950,6111,028,1906.86.86.66.16.7

At expanding establishments

820,022853,839788,685743,479818,9145.35.55.14.85.3

At opening establishments

229,151193,762234,514207,132209,2761.51.31.51.31.4

Gross job losses

1,027,729955,4201,014,015998,801993,7806.76.26.66.46.4

At contracting establishments

823,521764,111801,397789,973771,8475.45.05.25.15.0

At closing establishments

204,208191,309212,618208,828221,9331.31.21.41.31.4

Net employment change (2)

21,44492,1819,184-48,19034,4100.10.60.0-0.30.3

Construction

Gross job gains

74,04773,26276,36669,70485,7368.08.08.47.79.5

At expanding establishments

57,44961,37260,84557,11371,5406.26.76.76.37.9

At opening establishments

16,59811,89015,52112,59114,1961.81.31.71.41.6

Gross job losses

78,07979,70181,07579,89772,7848.48.78.98.88.0

At contracting establishments

64,89564,82964,86663,93656,6367.07.17.17.06.2

At closing establishments

13,18414,87216,20915,96116,1481.41.61.81.81.8

Net employment change (2)

-4,032-6,439-4,709-10,19312,952-0.4-0.7-0.5-1.11.5

Manufacturing

Gross job gains

55,30554,83449,94343,49846,9874.14.13.73.33.5

At expanding establishments

48,32949,95742,71738,59941,5143.63.73.22.93.1

At opening establishments

6,9764,8777,2264,8995,4730.50.40.50.40.4

Gross job losses

46,58450,87252,29650,47757,2773.53.83.93.84.3

At contracting establishments

38,95142,49044,15642,71448,2742.93.23.33.23.6

At closing establishments

7,6338,3828,1407,7639,0030.60.60.60.60.7

Net employment change (2)

8,7213,962-2,353-6,979-10,2900.60.3-0.2-0.5-0.8

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

34,70434,03732,23928,46129,9315.25.14.84.24.5

At expanding establishments

26,77328,75525,77824,10724,8614.04.33.83.63.7

At opening establishments

7,9315,2826,4614,3545,0701.20.81.00.60.8

Gross job losses

31,70931,91030,41032,17032,2554.74.84.64.84.8

At contracting establishments

25,45525,49823,87024,73424,0833.83.83.63.73.6

At closing establishments

6,2546,4126,5407,4368,1720.91.01.01.11.2

Net employment change (2)

2,9952,1271,829-3,709-2,3240.50.30.2-0.6-0.3

Retail trade

Gross job gains

92,10398,87881,19492,97490,8295.76.15.05.85.5

At expanding establishments

76,25885,92367,69681,17878,7824.75.34.25.14.8

At opening establishments

15,84512,95513,49811,79612,0471.00.80.80.70.7

Gross job losses

103,611100,17399,17179,97494,6726.46.26.24.95.9

At contracting establishments

92,24387,81686,58466,43979,1665.75.45.44.14.9

At closing establishments

11,36812,35712,58713,53515,5060.70.80.80.81.0

Net employment change (2)

-11,508-1,295-17,97713,000-3,843-0.7-0.1-1.20.9-0.4

Transportation and warehousing

Gross job gains

35,82342,82557,73433,24633,5364.65.67.44.34.4

At expanding establishments

28,65936,68943,01627,84127,3803.74.85.53.63.6

At opening establishments

7,1646,13614,7185,4056,1560.90.81.90.70.8

Gross job losses

57,36641,71139,60755,19345,5847.45.45.07.16.1

At contracting establishments

51,90934,75831,43248,98537,5646.74.54.06.35.0

At closing establishments

5,4576,9538,1756,2088,0200.70.91.00.81.1

Net employment change (2)

-21,5431,11418,127-21,947-12,048-2.80.22.4-2.8-1.7

Information

Gross job gains

39,77631,38930,56317,45223,4096.55.25.02.94.2

At expanding establishments

34,39827,15924,45714,87720,6265.64.54.02.53.7

At opening establishments

5,3784,2306,1062,5752,7830.90.71.00.40.5

Gross job losses

32,64836,71036,11944,70049,6615.46.06.07.58.9

At contracting establishments

27,86531,67630,89239,85243,6334.65.25.16.77.8

At closing establishments

4,7835,0345,2274,8486,0280.80.80.90.81.1

Net employment change (2)

7,128-5,321-5,556-27,248-26,2521.1-0.8-1.0-4.6-4.7

Financial activities

Gross job gains

51,29846,87952,93039,64347,4506.15.56.34.85.8

At expanding establishments

36,12336,49537,13930,82037,5564.34.34.43.74.6

At opening establishments

15,17510,38415,7918,8239,8941.81.21.91.11.2

Gross job losses

50,08752,50260,55750,31149,1265.96.27.26.15.9

At contracting establishments

38,91639,58145,16434,61136,4564.64.75.44.24.4

At closing establishments

11,17112,92115,39315,70012,6701.31.51.81.91.5

Net employment change (2)

1,211-5,623-7,627-10,668-1,6760.2-0.7-0.9-1.3-0.1

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

201,332194,642182,994168,287162,1537.16.86.45.95.8

At expanding establishments

156,207162,996141,411139,534133,5355.55.74.94.94.8

At opening establishments

45,12531,64641,58328,75328,6181.61.11.51.01.0

Gross job losses

185,011179,842198,309204,052193,6666.56.27.07.27.0

At contracting establishments

154,197144,244159,334159,549152,5435.45.05.65.65.5

At closing establishments

30,81435,59838,97544,50341,1231.11.21.41.61.5

Net employment change (2)

16,32114,800-15,315-35,765-31,5130.60.6-0.6-1.3-1.2

Education and health services

Gross job gains

172,004179,646172,372176,733190,3206.16.25.96.16.5

At expanding establishments

118,563129,817119,355121,064141,0904.24.54.14.24.8

At opening establishments

53,44149,82953,01755,66949,2301.91.71.81.91.7

Gross job losses

190,024140,317153,473134,270144,2516.74.95.34.74.9

At contracting establishments

115,38296,32299,11289,00999,9304.13.43.43.13.4

At closing establishments

74,64243,99554,36145,26144,3212.61.51.91.61.5

Net employment change (2)

-18,02039,32918,89942,46346,069-0.61.30.61.41.6

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

162,763168,139157,455146,777141,3938.58.68.07.47.0

At expanding establishments

125,720129,037118,207115,326112,4306.66.66.05.85.6

At opening establishments

37,04339,10239,24831,45128,9631.92.02.01.61.4

Gross job losses

123,536140,099130,950130,515140,7036.57.26.66.67.0

At contracting establishments

99,465111,436100,617101,538105,8885.25.75.15.15.3

At closing establishments

24,07128,66330,33328,97734,8151.31.51.51.51.7

Net employment change (2)

39,22728,04026,50516,2626902.01.41.40.80.0

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

42,41042,79340,09337,92842,0528.58.47.87.38.0

At expanding establishments

31,36233,50730,40530,66433,6726.36.65.95.96.4

At opening establishments

11,0489,2869,6887,2648,3802.21.81.91.41.6

Gross job losses

36,31533,78335,63535,47339,1607.36.77.06.87.5

At contracting establishments

28,79025,10125,49525,88528,3335.85.05.05.05.4

At closing establishments

7,5258,68210,1409,58810,8271.51.72.01.82.1

Net employment change (2)

6,0959,0104,4582,4552,8921.21.70.80.50.5

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023
June
2023
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023
June
2023

United States(1)

6.66.96.36.26.26.25.95.95.45.9

Alabama

6.66.96.66.45.96.25.96.15.55.7

Alaska

10.28.510.910.411.09.010.49.28.08.9

Arizona

6.57.16.65.97.06.35.56.05.46.5

Arkansas

6.16.56.25.85.85.55.25.25.06.0

California

6.86.86.66.16.76.76.26.66.46.4

Colorado

7.37.07.67.27.36.67.16.96.56.6

Connecticut

6.46.35.96.16.46.36.25.95.35.7

Delaware

6.58.67.06.76.06.96.27.55.25.7

District of Columbia

6.17.25.65.95.46.35.05.54.85.3

Florida

7.57.86.26.36.86.35.66.05.65.8

Georgia

6.87.16.76.26.46.25.95.95.86.5

Hawaii

6.06.46.05.55.75.54.94.95.05.2

Idaho

7.17.88.47.97.98.47.56.97.57.5

Illinois

5.95.85.45.85.45.55.35.14.85.3

Indiana

5.76.45.75.55.55.95.55.25.06.1

Iowa

5.95.96.46.06.06.25.96.25.45.9

Kansas

6.57.46.36.16.17.15.55.65.46.0

Kentucky

6.36.66.06.15.66.55.45.34.95.9

Louisiana

6.76.96.16.36.16.45.76.25.66.4

Maine

7.27.67.47.77.68.07.36.86.27.6

Maryland

6.57.46.66.86.76.96.06.95.66.3

Massachusetts

6.16.25.55.85.95.56.15.84.75.7

Michigan

6.05.75.95.75.95.95.85.24.95.3

Minnesota

6.46.55.95.76.06.45.95.84.95.6

Mississippi

6.67.26.86.16.36.76.36.25.76.6

Missouri

6.26.86.16.55.95.96.35.85.15.9

Montana

8.28.79.28.77.89.17.87.87.18.4

Nebraska

6.47.16.06.36.06.56.15.75.15.6

Nevada

6.97.46.46.26.65.75.86.15.76.0

New Hampshire

6.76.96.77.06.76.76.76.05.96.3

New Jersey

6.66.86.86.16.86.26.45.95.75.9

New Mexico

6.78.06.76.86.47.15.96.25.96.2

New York

7.16.65.96.56.36.15.96.05.15.7

North Carolina

6.46.76.66.46.16.15.85.75.35.7

North Dakota

6.97.66.47.66.96.56.36.75.66.7

Ohio

5.95.85.95.85.65.95.55.74.95.7

Oklahoma

6.77.46.66.36.26.15.65.95.36.0

Oregon

6.06.76.57.36.47.06.06.26.16.9

Pennsylvania

5.56.15.55.55.25.65.15.24.65.5

Rhode Island

7.16.76.97.56.76.77.36.45.97.0

South Carolina

6.67.36.96.86.46.25.66.25.86.8

South Dakota

6.67.36.57.26.86.56.46.55.96.2

Tennessee

6.27.05.85.95.96.25.55.65.05.5

Texas

6.67.26.25.95.85.85.35.35.05.4

Utah

7.07.56.97.06.86.66.86.66.26.2

Vermont

7.57.27.88.27.47.67.87.06.07.5

Virginia

6.57.56.26.26.06.76.15.85.25.8

Washington

7.07.25.96.46.07.26.35.35.55.6

West Virginia

6.78.16.67.16.18.06.96.45.36.1

Wisconsin

6.06.06.06.05.66.05.85.54.95.9

Wyoming

8.49.29.28.98.49.28.47.97.88.7

Puerto Rico

6.76.26.65.15.86.15.36.15.74.9

Virgin Islands

8.08.55.97.57.49.25.54.76.56.8

Footnotes
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands. The sum of the states will not necessarily add to the U.S. total because of the independent seasonal adjustment of each state.

 

Last Modified Date: Tuesday, February 20, 2024