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News Release Information

23-1105-SAN
Tuesday, May 23, 2023

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (415) 625-2270

Business Employment Dynamics in Hawaii – Third Quarter 2022

From June 2022 to September 2022, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Hawaii were 31,526, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 24,178, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 7,348 jobs in the private sector during the third quarter of 2022. During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 431. (See chart 1.)

Chart 1

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the third quarter of 2022, gross job gains represented 6.2 percent of private-sector employment in Hawaii; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.8 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Hawaii, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 25,836 in the third quarter of 2022, an increase of 2,790 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 5,690 jobs gained in the third quarter of 2022, a decrease of 342 jobs from the previous quarter.

Chart 2
Gross job losses

In the third quarter of 2022, gross job losses represented 4.8 percent of private-sector employment in Hawaii; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.8 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Hawaii, contracting establishments lost 19,916 jobs in the third quarter of 2022, a decrease of 2,446 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 4,262 jobs, a decrease of 2,885 jobs from the previous quarter.

Chart 3
Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 7 of the 8 industry sectors in Hawaii in the third quarter of 2022. Leisure and hospitality had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 3,117 jobs. This was the result of 7,719 gross job gains and 4,602 gross job losses. Education and health services showed the second largest net gain at 1,361 jobs. Wholesale trade had the only over-the-quarter net job decrease, with a loss of 47 jobs.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Fourth Quarter 2022 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, July 26, 2023.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter and either not reported, or reported with zero employment, in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Hawaii, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains and losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

35,048 34,180 29,910 29,078 31,526 7.3 7.1 6.1 5.9 6.2

At expanding establishments

27,772 26,612 24,714 23,046 25,836 5.8 5.5 5.0 4.7 5.1

At opening establishments

7,276 7,568 5,196 6,032 5,690 1.5 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.1

Gross job losses

29,985 24,407 25,187 29,509 24,178 6.3 5.1 5.1 5.9 4.8

At contracting establishments

23,292 20,170 20,080 22,362 19,916 4.9 4.2 4.1 4.5 4.0

At closing establishments

6,693 4,237 5,107 7,147 4,262 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.4 0.8

Net employment change (2)

5,063 9,773 4,723 -431 7,348 1.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1.4

Construction

Gross job gains

2,652 2,889 2,939 2,332 2,617 7.2 8.0 8.0 6.4 7.2

At expanding establishments

2,201 2,414 2,526 1,946 2,324 6.0 6.7 6.9 5.3 6.4

At opening establishments

451 475 413 386 293 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 0.8

Gross job losses

3,617 2,799 2,433 3,069 2,249 10.0 7.8 6.6 8.4 6.2

At contracting establishments

2,969 2,240 1,987 2,542 1,996 8.2 6.2 5.4 7.0 5.5

At closing establishments

648 559 446 527 253 1.8 1.6 1.2 1.4 0.7

Net employment change (2)

-965 90 506 -737 368 -2.8 0.2 1.4 -2.0 1.0

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

952 1,016 846 744 613 5.8 6.1 5.0 4.3 3.6

At expanding establishments

762 780 684 619 544 4.6 4.7 4.0 3.6 3.2

At opening establishments

190 236 162 125 69 1.2 1.4 1.0 0.7 0.4

Gross job losses

841 644 683 733 660 5.1 3.9 4.1 4.3 3.8

At contracting establishments

508 445 471 481 589 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.4

At closing establishments

333 199 212 252 71 2.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 0.4

Net employment change (2)

111 372 163 11 -47 0.7 2.2 0.9 0.0 -0.2

Retail trade

Gross job gains

3,855 3,635 3,167 2,918 3,923 6.1 5.7 5.0 4.5 6.0

At expanding establishments

3,364 3,004 2,861 2,649 3,446 5.3 4.7 4.5 4.1 5.3

At opening establishments

491 631 306 269 477 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.7

Gross job losses

3,774 2,975 2,888 3,674 3,199 5.9 4.7 4.5 5.7 5.0

At contracting establishments

3,178 2,583 2,510 3,228 2,687 5.0 4.1 3.9 5.0 4.2

At closing establishments

596 392 378 446 512 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8

Net employment change (2)

81 660 279 -756 724 0.2 1.0 0.5 -1.2 1.0

Financial activities

Gross job gains

1,289 1,581 1,277 1,260 1,422 4.8 5.8 4.7 4.6 5.2

At expanding establishments

913 1,232 1,027 1,005 1,187 3.4 4.5 3.8 3.7 4.3

At opening establishments

376 349 250 255 235 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.9 0.9

Gross job losses

1,258 1,092 1,525 1,416 1,295 4.7 4.1 5.5 5.2 4.8

At contracting establishments

918 886 1,131 982 1,002 3.4 3.3 4.1 3.6 3.7

At closing establishments

340 206 394 434 293 1.3 0.8 1.4 1.6 1.1

Net employment change (2)

31 489 -248 -156 127 0.1 1.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.4

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

4,905 5,031 4,180 4,391 4,156 7.2 7.3 6.0 6.3 5.9

At expanding establishments

3,829 3,648 3,583 3,420 3,409 5.6 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.8

At opening establishments

1,076 1,383 597 971 747 1.6 2.0 0.9 1.4 1.1

Gross job losses

5,365 3,393 3,912 4,709 3,979 7.8 4.9 5.6 6.7 5.6

At contracting establishments

4,080 2,699 2,950 3,095 3,130 5.9 3.9 4.2 4.4 4.4

At closing establishments

1,285 694 962 1,614 849 1.9 1.0 1.4 2.3 1.2

Net employment change (2)

-460 1,638 268 -318 177 -0.6 2.4 0.4 -0.4 0.3

Education and health services

Gross job gains

4,658 3,941 5,057 3,053 4,341 5.6 4.7 5.9 3.6 5.2

At expanding establishments

3,918 2,786 4,535 2,476 3,780 4.7 3.3 5.3 2.9 4.5

At opening establishments

740 1,155 522 577 561 0.9 1.4 0.6 0.7 0.7

Gross job losses

3,531 4,807 3,464 5,296 2,980 4.1 5.6 4.1 6.3 3.5

At contracting establishments

2,736 4,261 2,802 4,307 2,371 3.2 5.0 3.3 5.1 2.8

At closing establishments

795 546 662 989 609 0.9 0.6 0.8 1.2 0.7

Net employment change (2)

1,127 -866 1,593 -2,243 1,361 1.5 -0.9 1.8 -2.7 1.7

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

9,097 7,710 5,688 8,046 7,719 9.1 7.4 5.3 7.5 6.9

At expanding establishments

7,409 6,376 4,816 6,689 6,395 7.4 6.1 4.5 6.2 5.7

At opening establishments

1,688 1,334 872 1,357 1,324 1.7 1.3 0.8 1.3 1.2

Gross job losses

5,655 3,971 4,910 4,457 4,602 5.6 3.8 4.6 4.2 4.1

At contracting establishments

4,525 3,446 4,043 3,315 3,897 4.5 3.3 3.8 3.1 3.5

At closing establishments

1,130 525 867 1,142 705 1.1 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.6

Net employment change (2)

3,442 3,739 778 3,589 3,117 3.5 3.6 0.7 3.3 2.8

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

2,302 1,896 1,399 1,391 1,493 10.2 8.1 5.9 5.8 6.2

At expanding establishments

1,358 1,353 1,096 1,196 1,299 6.0 5.8 4.6 5.0 5.4

At opening establishments

944 543 303 195 194 4.2 2.3 1.3 0.8 0.8

Gross job losses

1,312 1,286 1,177 1,777 1,189 5.8 5.5 5.0 7.4 4.9

At contracting establishments

912 950 847 1,226 1,000 4.0 4.1 3.6 5.1 4.1

At closing establishments

400 336 330 551 189 1.8 1.4 1.4 2.3 0.8

Net employment change (2)

990 610 222 -386 304 4.4 2.6 0.9 -1.6 1.3

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended) Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022

United States(1)

7.3 7.7 6.6 6.4 6.8 6.1 5.4 5.4 6.7 5.8

Alabama

6.7 7.6 6.2 6.6 7.1 6.3 5.2 6.0 7.0 6.2

Alaska

10.5 11.8 10.1 10.1 8.6 9.7 8.7 9.3 9.6 10.3

Arizona

7.1 6.8 6.8 6.7 7.9 5.1 5.0 5.7 7.3 5.5

Arkansas

6.8 7.8 5.9 5.6 6.4 6.7 4.8 5.4 6.0 5.5

California

7.8 8.5 7.4 6.6 6.7 6.1 5.5 5.6 7.2 6.1

Colorado

8.0 7.6 7.5 7.3 5.0 7.0 6.1 6.3 6.7 5.8

Connecticut

6.9 6.9 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.0 5.3 5.3 6.5 6.2

Delaware

7.6 8.2 7.3 6.5 8.6 7.2 6.0 5.6 8.2 6.1

District of Columbia

7.9 7.3 6.0 6.0 7.2 4.9 4.9 4.9 6.8 4.8

Florida

9.0 7.7 6.5 7.5 7.8 6.0 6.0 5.7 6.9 5.5

Georgia

7.5 7.9 6.8 6.6 7.0 6.2 5.5 5.7 6.7 6.0

Hawaii

7.3 7.1 6.1 5.9 6.2 6.3 5.1 5.1 5.9 4.8

Idaho

7.7 8.5 8.5 7.1 8.5 7.3 6.3 6.2 9.1 7.5

Illinois

6.6 7.5 6.2 5.9 6.0 6.0 4.9 5.0 5.9 5.3

Indiana

6.3 7.3 6.0 5.6 6.4 5.7 4.7 4.8 6.8 5.5

Iowa

6.2 6.6 6.5 5.8 5.8 6.1 5.4 5.3 6.7 6.0

Kansas

6.6 7.6 6.2 6.5 7.6 6.5 5.3 5.4 7.5 5.6

Kentucky

6.7 7.4 6.6 6.3 6.7 6.4 4.9 5.0 8.7 5.4

Louisiana

6.9 9.6 6.5 6.6 7.3 8.5 5.8 7.1 7.3 5.7

Maine

7.8 8.2 8.0 17.7 7.4 7.8 6.9 6.1 8.1 7.4

Maryland

7.5 7.3 6.6 6.7 7.5 6.4 5.3 5.9 8.1 6.0

Massachusetts

7.2 7.0 6.6 6.1 6.2 5.8 5.7 5.1 5.4 6.1

Michigan

6.5 7.5 6.3 6.0 5.7 5.9 5.2 5.1 6.5 5.9

Minnesota

6.4 7.3 6.0 6.6 6.8 6.7 5.2 5.4 7.1 6.0

Mississippi

7.6 7.9 6.1 6.5 7.2 6.1 5.7 6.0 7.0 6.3

Missouri

6.7 7.4 6.5 6.3 6.8 6.1 5.5 5.4 5.9 6.3

Montana

8.5 9.9 9.3 8.2 8.5 8.3 7.2 8.5 9.4 7.7

Nebraska

6.3 7.0 6.8 6.0 6.9 6.5 5.8 5.9 6.6 6.2

Nevada

8.9 8.3 6.8 6.9 7.6 5.7 4.8 5.2 6.7 5.7

New Hampshire

7.0 7.6 7.7 6.6 6.9 6.8 6.4 5.4 7.9 6.7

New Jersey

7.5 8.7 7.1 6.5 6.8 6.1 5.4 5.5 6.3 6.3

New Mexico

8.2 8.2 7.4 6.5 7.7 6.5 6.3 6.2 7.1 5.9

New York

7.5 7.7 6.7 7.1 6.7 5.9 5.4 5.2 6.6 6.0

North Carolina

6.8 8.1 6.5 6.3 6.6 6.4 5.0 5.3 6.2 5.9

North Dakota

7.5 7.6 7.5 6.8 7.6 6.7 6.5 6.5 6.7 6.4

Ohio

6.1 7.0 6.1 5.7 5.8 6.0 5.2 4.8 6.3 5.6

Oklahoma

7.1 7.6 6.3 6.4 7.1 6.6 5.9 5.7 6.2 5.5

Oregon

7.1 7.8 7.5 6.1 6.7 6.5 6.1 5.7 7.1 8.6

Pennsylvania

6.3 6.8 6.3 5.5 6.1 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.6 5.2

Rhode Island

7.6 8.5 7.9 7.0 6.7 7.1 6.6 5.7 7.3 7.4

South Carolina

7.3 7.9 6.9 6.4 7.3 6.0 5.3 6.2 6.9 5.6

South Dakota

6.6 7.2 7.7 6.6 7.3 6.4 5.9 6.1 6.8 6.4

Tennessee

6.9 7.3 6.6 6.3 7.0 5.4 5.6 4.7 6.4 5.4

Texas

7.1 7.7 6.3 6.5 7.4 5.5 4.8 5.4 6.1 5.2

Utah

7.4 7.5 7.8 7.0 7.9 7.0 6.0 5.9 6.8 6.7

Vermont

8.0 8.1 8.0 7.3 7.2 7.7 6.9 6.3 8.4 8.0

Virginia

6.9 7.2 6.4 6.5 7.5 6.0 5.3 5.8 7.0 6.1

Washington

7.3 7.8 7.3 7.0 7.1 5.9 5.3 5.0 7.1 6.1

West Virginia

7.1 7.9 7.3 6.3 6.8 6.5 6.0 5.9 7.9 6.5

Wisconsin

5.5 6.6 6.5 5.9 6.1 5.8 5.2 4.8 6.8 5.9

Wyoming

9.1 10.1 8.9 8.4 9.2 8.4 7.8 8.3 9.1 8.5

Puerto Rico

8.5 6.4 7.0 6.5 6.2 5.1 5.5 4.9 6.1 5.2

Virgin Islands

7.5 8.0 6.9 8.8 7.9 8.5 9.5 10.3 12.6 4.9

Footnotes:
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

 

Last Modified Date: Tuesday, May 23, 2023