Economic trends: home and community-based care versus institution-based care

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October 2024

How has long-term care employment changed with an aging U.S. population?

Mary Dorinda Allard

As the population ages, the workforce that provides long-term services and support to elderly people—as well as those with disabilities and others needing assistance—has grown considerably. Traditionally, much of this care has been provided in institutional settings, such as nursing homes. However, many people prefer to age in place, both because they wish to remain in their homes and because it may be less expensive.

This Spotlight will compare industries that provide home and community-based services with those that provide institution-based care.

View Chart Data

Employment in care-related industries, July 2024, seasonally adjusted
Facility type	Skilled nursing care facilities	Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	Other residential care facilities	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	Home health care services
Nursing and residential care facilities	1,471,600	981,000	672,800	165,700
Home and community-based services					2,509,300	1,775,400

Employment higher in home and community-based care than institution-based care

The two industries that provide care in home and community-based settings together accounted for 4.3 million jobs in July 2024, considerably higher than the 3.3 million jobs in the industries that provide care in institutional settings. Services for the elderly and people with disabilities, with employment of 2.5 million, includes adult day care centers, nonmedical home care, and companionship. Home health care services, which primarily provides skilled nursing care in the home, accounted for 1.8 million jobs.

Skilled nursing care facilities, with employment of 1.5 million, was the largest institution-based care industry. Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly accounted for another 981,000 jobs. Employment was 673,000 in residential disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities, and 166,000 in other residential care facilities.

View Chart Data

Employment in care-related industries, private sector, January 1990–July 2024, seasonally adjusted
Month	Skilled nursing care facilities	Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	Other residential care facilities	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	Home health care services
Jan 1990	1,138,000	322,500	259,500	84,300	198,200	261,900
Feb 1990	1,143,000	323,900	261,100	84,900	199,000	265,700
Mar 1990	1,149,000	325,900	262,800	85,600	199,500	270,200
Apr 1990	1,154,200	327,300	264,500	86,200	200,500	273,300
May 1990	1,162,100	328,600	265,900	86,800	201,400	279,000
Jun 1990	1,166,000	329,600	267,500	87,500	203,400	285,800
Jul 1990	1,171,200	330,800	269,300	88,400	205,100	291,500
Aug 1990	1,177,700	332,200	270,800	88,800	206,400	299,200
Sep 1990	1,182,500	333,100	272,200	89,400	207,700	302,500
Oct 1990	1,189,900	334,500	274,200	90,200	209,000	306,000
Nov 1990	1,196,700	336,100	276,200	91,000	210,000	305,100
Dec 1990	1,204,800	337,600	277,600	91,500	212,300	312,000
Jan 1991	1,212,500	339,200	279,300	92,100	214,200	318,200
Feb 1991	1,220,900	340,800	280,900	92,700	216,100	321,800
Mar 1991	1,227,600	342,300	282,700	93,500	219,000	328,900
Apr 1991	1,231,700	343,800	284,100	94,000	220,900	331,800
May 1991	1,235,100	345,500	286,300	94,800	223,400	334,700
Jun 1991	1,240,800	347,200	287,600	95,200	226,500	338,700
Jul 1991	1,244,200	348,300	288,800	95,800	227,200	344,200
Aug 1991	1,248,300	350,500	291,100	96,500	228,800	346,100
Sep 1991	1,252,200	352,000	292,600	97,100	230,600	350,300
Oct 1991	1,253,700	353,500	294,200	97,700	232,000	351,900
Nov 1991	1,255,900	354,700	295,700	98,200	233,900	359,100
Dec 1991	1,259,400	356,400	297,400	98,800	235,800	364,800
Jan 1992	1,262,800	358,100	299,000	99,500	237,500	369,200
Feb 1992	1,263,800	359,000	299,900	99,800	239,200	374,800
Mar 1992	1,265,200	359,900	300,800	100,200	240,100	378,200
Apr 1992	1,267,600	360,700	301,700	100,500	241,500	383,400
May 1992	1,270,000	361,700	302,700	100,900	242,300	386,400
Jun 1992	1,271,100	362,800	304,100	101,400	243,200	390,300
Jul 1992	1,273,700	364,000	305,500	102,100	244,200	393,300
Aug 1992	1,275,800	364,700	306,100	102,200	245,200	397,900
Sep 1992	1,278,200	365,600	307,100	102,600	246,400	402,000
Oct 1992	1,281,900	367,300	308,600	103,200	247,700	407,400
Nov 1992	1,285,300	368,600	310,100	103,700	248,300	414,400
Dec 1992	1,286,300	369,900	312,000	104,400	249,100	418,000
Jan 1993	1,288,900	371,200	313,200	105,000	250,300	425,700
Feb 1993	1,293,500	372,900	314,700	105,500	251,300	430,500
Mar 1993	1,296,200	374,100	316,100	106,000	252,400	435,600
Apr 1993	1,304,300	375,900	318,000	106,800	253,400	442,900
May 1993	1,312,000	377,600	319,400	107,300	254,300	451,800
Jun 1993	1,316,400	379,000	321,200	108,000	257,000	458,100
Jul 1993	1,319,100	379,400	321,900	108,400	260,100	467,000
Aug 1993	1,325,700	381,400	323,800	109,200	261,700	474,800
Sep 1993	1,334,200	383,200	325,200	109,700	261,600	483,600
Oct 1993	1,341,400	384,700	326,500	110,200	263,800	491,600
Nov 1993	1,346,500	386,100	327,500	110,600	265,700	496,900
Dec 1993	1,352,600	386,900	328,400	110,900	266,900	505,000
Jan 1994	1,356,700	388,100	329,700	111,500	266,900	512,000
Feb 1994	1,359,500	388,900	331,200	112,200	267,000	519,900
Mar 1994	1,366,300	390,200	332,500	112,700	268,200	530,000
Apr 1994	1,369,800	391,700	333,800	113,200	270,600	537,300
May 1994	1,373,200	393,100	335,500	113,900	272,100	545,000
Jun 1994	1,377,200	394,800	337,000	114,400	274,200	553,200
Jul 1994	1,381,900	396,900	339,100	115,200	276,500	559,000
Aug 1994	1,384,800	398,700	341,400	116,000	278,600	564,800
Sep 1994	1,385,700	400,000	343,100	116,700	280,100	572,900
Oct 1994	1,387,200	401,600	345,100	117,500	281,800	576,200
Nov 1994	1,389,300	403,200	347,100	118,400	284,000	579,600
Dec 1994	1,392,100	405,100	349,200	119,200	286,300	589,500
Jan 1995	1,396,100	407,100	351,200	119,800	288,000	594,500
Feb 1995	1,400,000	408,400	352,500	120,300	290,100	600,400
Mar 1995	1,401,500	410,200	354,300	121,000	290,900	603,900
Apr 1995	1,404,200	411,200	355,500	121,500	291,200	607,000
May 1995	1,405,500	411,700	356,400	121,900	291,400	611,500
Jun 1995	1,409,400	413,500	358,000	122,500	292,200	620,000
Jul 1995	1,413,200	414,400	358,700	122,800	292,400	625,900
Aug 1995	1,418,200	416,000	360,300	123,300	293,200	633,600
Sep 1995	1,422,500	417,200	361,500	123,700	294,700	636,400
Oct 1995	1,424,100	418,000	362,400	124,100	295,900	639,700
Nov 1995	1,428,400	419,000	363,300	124,300	297,100	643,300
Dec 1995	1,431,100	420,400	365,000	125,000	298,400	648,100
Jan 1996	1,431,400	421,700	366,200	125,500	298,700	645,500
Feb 1996	1,435,900	422,800	367,600	126,200	300,900	652,000
Mar 1996	1,439,700	424,200	369,100	126,600	303,400	654,600
Apr 1996	1,441,900	425,500	370,900	127,500	304,900	658,900
May 1996	1,445,400	426,500	372,700	128,200	307,600	663,700
Jun 1996	1,449,100	427,700	374,100	128,800	308,900	666,000
Jul 1996	1,451,700	429,300	375,700	129,500	308,300	668,300
Aug 1996	1,452,600	430,300	377,700	130,400	309,000	672,200
Sep 1996	1,454,200	430,400	377,900	130,500	312,700	675,700
Oct 1996	1,457,200	431,100	379,300	131,100	315,200	679,300
Nov 1996	1,459,400	432,500	381,200	131,700	318,300	685,800
Dec 1996	1,462,200	433,200	382,300	132,300	320,900	686,500
Jan 1997	1,463,800	433,900	383,400	132,900	323,600	696,100
Feb 1997	1,465,200	434,300	384,400	133,400	325,800	695,000
Mar 1997	1,466,400	436,000	386,800	134,300	327,900	699,600
Apr 1997	1,471,500	438,000	388,700	135,100	330,900	704,300
May 1997	1,474,800	439,400	390,300	135,700	333,700	704,300
Jun 1997	1,473,800	440,600	392,000	136,400	336,100	704,400
Jul 1997	1,476,300	442,500	393,400	137,000	339,100	707,600
Aug 1997	1,478,400	442,600	394,100	137,300	341,300	706,800
Sep 1997	1,478,300	443,200	395,400	138,000	342,900	706,000
Oct 1997	1,480,700	444,100	396,200	138,200	344,600	705,900
Nov 1997	1,482,900	445,000	397,100	138,500	346,400	702,400
Dec 1997	1,484,900	447,000	400,000	139,700	348,200	699,500
Jan 1998	1,481,500	446,500	399,500	139,700	350,400	694,700
Feb 1998	1,483,900	447,800	400,900	140,300	355,900	688,000
Mar 1998	1,483,800	449,200	402,900	141,000	360,600	681,900
Apr 1998	1,486,600	449,900	403,500	141,300	365,400	670,800
May 1998	1,488,700	450,500	404,300	141,500	371,000	666,500
Jun 1998	1,489,800	450,500	404,100	141,400	376,000	663,100
Jul 1998	1,489,800	451,200	405,000	141,800	380,500	651,700
Aug 1998	1,490,400	451,700	405,900	142,300	383,500	646,500
Sep 1998	1,493,300	452,900	407,200	142,800	386,600	642,600
Oct 1998	1,494,300	454,000	408,400	143,200	389,300	637,700
Nov 1998	1,495,000	454,500	409,100	143,500	392,600	633,700
Dec 1998	1,495,600	454,700	409,700	143,700	396,300	631,800
Jan 1999	1,496,800	456,300	411,000	144,300	396,700	625,000
Feb 1999	1,497,600	457,300	412,200	144,700	401,300	629,500
Mar 1999	1,498,800	457,800	413,100	145,100	402,300	629,300
Apr 1999	1,499,500	458,700	414,500	145,600	403,100	630,500
May 1999	1,500,500	459,900	415,500	146,000	403,400	629,400
Jun 1999	1,500,900	461,400	417,300	146,500	406,000	628,400
Jul 1999	1,501,300	463,000	418,800	147,200	409,000	628,200
Aug 1999	1,502,200	464,400	420,900	148,100	413,000	629,400
Sep 1999	1,502,700	465,700	422,300	148,600	416,300	629,200
Oct 1999	1,503,200	466,600	423,800	149,200	419,100	630,100
Nov 1999	1,504,100	468,000	425,300	149,800	421,400	630,900
Dec 1999	1,505,400	469,600	426,800	150,500	421,800	632,600
Jan 2000	1,505,700	470,200	427,800	150,900	421,800	633,200
Feb 2000	1,507,500	472,100	429,900	151,700	421,300	636,100
Mar 2000	1,507,900	473,200	431,100	152,200	422,100	635,100
Apr 2000	1,507,500	473,200	432,200	152,600	423,500	635,000
May 2000	1,508,700	475,300	433,500	152,700	424,400	634,900
Jun 2000	1,510,200	476,900	435,300	153,700	425,500	635,200
Jul 2000	1,513,500	478,800	437,400	154,500	427,500	636,800
Aug 2000	1,517,500	480,400	439,700	155,300	429,300	634,900
Sep 2000	1,517,400	481,800	441,300	156,000	433,300	632,800
Oct 2000	1,519,500	483,400	443,900	157,100	436,700	631,700
Nov 2000	1,521,600	484,700	445,600	157,600	441,700	630,700
Dec 2000	1,524,900	487,400	447,700	158,600	446,200	626,100
Jan 2001	1,529,300	489,000	449,500	159,300	450,600	628,600
Feb 2001	1,534,600	491,500	451,200	160,100	456,700	629,500
Mar 2001	1,537,200	493,500	453,300	160,800	462,800	630,900
Apr 2001	1,540,100	496,700	456,100	161,400	467,300	629,800
May 2001	1,538,700	500,800	459,600	162,200	471,700	630,800
Jun 2001	1,546,700	504,900	461,300	162,900	476,000	634,600
Jul 2001	1,548,800	508,300	463,400	163,500	480,200	637,900
Aug 2001	1,550,900	510,000	465,000	163,800	486,700	642,500
Sep 2001	1,553,000	513,300	466,500	164,300	492,100	646,600
Oct 2001	1,556,700	514,800	468,000	164,600	498,000	647,300
Nov 2001	1,560,700	517,100	468,900	164,800	503,500	652,000
Dec 2001	1,564,500	519,200	467,900	164,500	509,500	654,200
Jan 2002	1,567,600	522,900	469,900	165,100	513,900	659,100
Feb 2002	1,568,800	524,700	470,200	165,200	519,000	663,300
Mar 2002	1,569,400	526,700	470,700	165,100	523,900	665,900
Apr 2002	1,570,500	527,100	472,500	165,400	528,700	671,100
May 2002	1,570,800	527,700	471,800	164,600	533,200	674,800
Jun 2002	1,571,100	528,700	473,200	165,700	538,600	679,800
Jul 2002	1,573,700	529,600	473,500	165,300	543,900	675,700
Aug 2002	1,575,500	532,000	473,400	165,900	543,800	678,700
Sep 2002	1,577,200	535,000	474,400	163,700	549,700	689,800
Oct 2002	1,578,200	538,600	473,900	164,300	555,400	696,000
Nov 2002	1,578,200	542,700	476,400	165,000	560,700	700,300
Dec 2002	1,577,300	542,900	479,000	165,600	566,700	704,400
Jan 2003	1,581,300	544,200	480,800	164,900	574,900	708,900
Feb 2003	1,583,200	545,300	481,700	164,500	583,600	710,500
Mar 2003	1,582,100	548,400	482,900	164,500	591,000	714,500
Apr 2003	1,582,700	553,400	483,100	164,400	600,000	725,300
May 2003	1,583,300	555,300	484,600	165,000	606,900	729,500
Jun 2003	1,583,300	557,000	483,600	164,200	615,200	734,200
Jul 2003	1,579,500	558,200	483,600	163,900	622,700	737,600
Aug 2003	1,575,400	561,100	484,200	164,300	627,300	739,600
Sep 2003	1,575,900	562,800	484,500	164,300	630,600	742,700
Oct 2003	1,576,800	565,200	485,400	165,100	632,900	748,500
Nov 2003	1,576,400	568,100	486,300	165,000	641,000	745,500
Dec 2003	1,575,400	571,300	487,000	165,300	646,200	753,800
Jan 2004	1,572,600	571,500	487,100	165,300	653,400	755,700
Feb 2004	1,570,200	574,700	487,000	164,000	658,100	756,600
Mar 2004	1,573,500	579,300	488,700	165,200	663,000	759,300
Apr 2004	1,576,900	581,400	489,000	166,300	666,800	766,300
May 2004	1,577,300	582,300	488,500	167,200	673,200	771,300
Jun 2004	1,577,600	584,700	488,500	166,300	677,800	775,700
Jul 2004	1,577,700	587,300	489,300	165,600	684,100	778,700
Aug 2004	1,578,500	590,100	488,800	165,500	692,500	782,100
Sep 2004	1,579,200	592,300	491,600	166,200	703,200	784,600
Oct 2004	1,580,400	595,200	491,600	165,600	707,400	790,100
Nov 2004	1,579,500	597,300	492,500	165,800	712,200	795,100
Dec 2004	1,577,500	600,900	492,500	165,700	718,200	802,000
Jan 2005	1,574,300	604,100	492,400	164,500	722,700	802,800
Feb 2005	1,575,300	605,500	493,700	165,000	726,500	805,100
Mar 2005	1,578,000	605,300	494,200	164,500	732,200	808,700
Apr 2005	1,575,900	608,100	495,300	164,800	740,300	810,100
May 2005	1,575,700	611,200	498,800	164,900	747,500	813,000
Jun 2005	1,578,000	613,500	495,900	164,800	749,500	820,700
Jul 2005	1,578,700	616,300	497,300	166,300	760,600	824,200
Aug 2005	1,579,400	617,100	498,600	166,800	765,900	827,600
Sep 2005	1,580,600	624,000	500,800	165,200	776,500	830,200
Oct 2005	1,577,700	625,900	500,600	164,700	779,100	833,300
Nov 2005	1,579,100	627,100	499,900	163,300	785,000	838,400
Dec 2005	1,578,300	626,500	500,700	163,700	790,200	839,700
Jan 2006	1,578,300	628,000	502,700	164,500	796,400	845,900
Feb 2006	1,573,900	631,600	503,400	164,700	802,800	851,700
Mar 2006	1,576,400	632,000	504,300	164,500	808,700	858,000
Apr 2006	1,577,200	631,900	505,300	164,600	812,200	858,500
May 2006	1,581,700	631,000	507,500	164,000	816,400	862,600
Jun 2006	1,581,600	635,200	509,900	164,300	821,400	859,400
Jul 2006	1,585,700	640,700	511,400	163,100	825,800	864,800
Aug 2006	1,580,000	640,600	511,700	162,600	829,000	869,300
Sep 2006	1,580,200	639,800	511,600	160,900	835,700	874,300
Oct 2006	1,585,900	643,200	513,100	162,800	839,000	877,200
Nov 2006	1,587,300	646,000	514,500	163,500	845,200	881,600
Dec 2006	1,589,700	651,300	516,700	163,600	850,800	886,800
Jan 2007	1,591,100	651,500	518,600	163,700	859,700	893,100
Feb 2007	1,595,200	652,000	520,600	162,900	866,400	896,900
Mar 2007	1,596,200	653,500	521,300	163,800	872,900	901,500
Apr 2007	1,600,400	658,700	522,800	163,200	880,500	902,000
May 2007	1,597,300	664,300	523,400	164,200	887,500	903,600
Jun 2007	1,599,600	668,700	530,400	164,700	892,200	910,300
Jul 2007	1,603,600	664,100	528,700	165,500	898,000	917,500
Aug 2007	1,606,200	665,400	530,600	165,700	904,900	924,300
Sep 2007	1,608,900	668,000	531,800	166,600	910,800	925,700
Oct 2007	1,609,200	667,900	533,200	166,600	914,500	930,700
Nov 2007	1,610,600	669,300	535,200	164,800	925,300	929,700
Dec 2007	1,611,600	671,000	535,700	165,500	933,700	933,300
Jan 2008	1,613,100	673,900	537,100	166,700	939,500	939,300
Feb 2008	1,617,900	674,800	536,300	167,500	946,200	939,900
Mar 2008	1,615,400	678,500	539,600	167,800	952,500	943,700
Apr 2008	1,617,000	681,500	541,100	169,300	958,900	948,200
May 2008	1,617,400	683,600	541,800	168,100	966,500	952,100
Jun 2008	1,617,000	686,900	542,600	167,300	974,300	957,700
Jul 2008	1,616,200	688,400	541,500	167,300	981,800	966,100
Aug 2008	1,617,500	690,200	542,600	167,600	989,200	970,400
Sep 2008	1,615,300	692,400	543,100	168,100	995,500	972,700
Oct 2008	1,619,300	694,800	544,500	167,700	1,003,200	975,400
Nov 2008	1,623,900	698,600	546,100	168,700	1,011,700	983,100
Dec 2008	1,628,800	702,600	547,600	169,100	1,021,600	988,200
Jan 2009	1,632,000	704,400	550,300	167,000	1,027,300	990,500
Feb 2009	1,635,700	708,000	552,100	166,400	1,036,800	999,900
Mar 2009	1,637,900	709,700	554,200	165,400	1,046,400	1,005,000
Apr 2009	1,640,300	710,700	554,900	162,900	1,055,800	1,013,500
May 2009	1,643,500	711,300	557,800	162,400	1,063,800	1,024,000
Jun 2009	1,645,400	714,400	558,700	160,700	1,072,200	1,028,700
Jul 2009	1,646,900	718,100	561,200	160,900	1,077,500	1,029,100
Aug 2009	1,651,200	721,000	561,000	161,200	1,083,000	1,033,200
Sep 2009	1,652,200	720,600	562,500	160,200	1,089,600	1,039,400
Oct 2009	1,654,300	725,100	563,100	161,300	1,095,000	1,045,400
Nov 2009	1,652,200	728,600	563,500	161,300	1,097,200	1,052,300
Dec 2009	1,650,800	727,500	563,600	160,500	1,099,900	1,059,500
Jan 2010	1,648,400	729,400	562,200	160,700	1,102,900	1,059,700
Feb 2010	1,650,800	731,400	560,900	160,700	1,104,600	1,058,300
Mar 2010	1,653,600	734,900	562,900	160,500	1,107,900	1,068,000
Apr 2010	1,655,500	735,500	564,500	161,100	1,110,800	1,073,900
May 2010	1,655,700	737,300	564,900	160,800	1,115,200	1,076,700
Jun 2010	1,655,200	739,300	564,600	161,500	1,118,800	1,078,800
Jul 2010	1,658,600	742,400	564,200	161,400	1,126,200	1,088,200
Aug 2010	1,659,300	745,100	565,800	160,500	1,133,300	1,090,000
Sep 2010	1,659,200	747,700	565,800	159,600	1,135,500	1,096,200
Oct 2010	1,660,100	750,100	567,000	159,800	1,140,900	1,102,800
Nov 2010	1,667,200	750,500	566,900	158,800	1,143,900	1,109,100
Dec 2010	1,668,400	756,800	567,900	160,100	1,146,600	1,111,700
Jan 2011	1,668,800	759,700	567,700	158,500	1,140,800	1,115,300
Feb 2011	1,667,900	760,200	569,000	159,100	1,144,000	1,123,200
Mar 2011	1,668,700	762,400	568,200	159,300	1,146,800	1,125,500
Apr 2011	1,669,100	767,100	567,700	159,600	1,146,700	1,128,900
May 2011	1,669,500	771,300	567,600	158,000	1,154,300	1,128,800
Jun 2011	1,673,100	769,600	567,700	158,600	1,151,900	1,136,500
Jul 2011	1,672,200	772,100	570,900	158,000	1,159,000	1,142,600
Aug 2011	1,672,900	773,300	572,600	157,400	1,165,600	1,150,600
Sep 2011	1,673,600	776,000	573,800	158,200	1,168,800	1,156,800
Oct 2011	1,671,500	777,500	573,000	157,200	1,177,400	1,158,400
Nov 2011	1,664,500	777,500	575,000	156,600	1,186,400	1,158,300
Dec 2011	1,664,300	775,600	574,700	155,800	1,199,900	1,161,400
Jan 2012	1,666,800	779,300	575,600	158,000	1,212,900	1,167,000
Feb 2012	1,663,400	782,900	576,700	157,800	1,224,900	1,171,100
Mar 2012	1,669,000	784,700	576,300	158,000	1,229,400	1,174,700
Apr 2012	1,663,900	786,000	580,000	157,900	1,235,100	1,179,900
May 2012	1,665,000	788,200	581,100	159,000	1,235,000	1,182,700
Jun 2012	1,662,300	790,200	583,400	158,300	1,245,700	1,182,800
Jul 2012	1,663,200	792,500	584,100	160,100	1,249,100	1,183,000
Aug 2012	1,659,400	795,200	584,900	159,200	1,262,900	1,185,400
Sep 2012	1,660,700	796,500	586,700	158,500	1,266,100	1,191,600
Oct 2012	1,658,300	799,300	587,800	158,200	1,280,900	1,197,000
Nov 2012	1,657,300	801,000	588,100	158,400	1,286,700	1,197,700
Dec 2012	1,660,400	805,400	589,300	158,300	1,303,000	1,209,600
Jan 2013	1,656,100	806,000	590,400	157,800	1,301,700	1,210,700
Feb 2013	1,655,400	809,100	590,200	159,100	1,309,900	1,215,400
Mar 2013	1,658,100	811,600	591,400	159,100	1,319,800	1,217,300
Apr 2013	1,657,100	814,100	592,200	159,500	1,341,400	1,223,400
May 2013	1,654,900	817,100	594,700	159,200	1,345,900	1,226,200
Jun 2013	1,653,900	821,500	592,600	160,400	1,355,100	1,228,700
Jul 2013	1,650,300	823,000	596,200	158,800	1,340,200	1,232,400
Aug 2013	1,659,800	825,300	595,300	158,900	1,357,900	1,240,400
Sep 2013	1,649,500	828,500	595,200	159,000	1,368,400	1,240,500
Oct 2013	1,651,200	829,500	597,100	159,100	1,367,400	1,238,500
Nov 2013	1,649,700	832,800	598,400	159,000	1,378,300	1,240,600
Dec 2013	1,646,900	839,000	599,900	159,100	1,381,400	1,242,400
Jan 2014	1,648,100	837,600	600,800	159,200	1,397,600	1,244,100
Feb 2014	1,650,500	839,300	601,500	157,800	1,408,000	1,242,700
Mar 2014	1,651,200	840,300	602,700	157,500	1,415,800	1,245,300
Apr 2014	1,652,200	841,700	602,300	158,500	1,416,000	1,247,100
May 2014	1,653,100	842,700	602,400	159,500	1,426,500	1,252,900
Jun 2014	1,653,400	836,700	605,500	159,800	1,435,600	1,258,100
Jul 2014	1,650,600	840,800	603,700	160,400	1,452,600	1,262,400
Aug 2014	1,650,100	844,600	603,600	161,100	1,459,800	1,265,100
Sep 2014	1,648,500	845,600	605,000	162,000	1,468,900	1,271,300
Oct 2014	1,648,100	849,900	605,000	163,100	1,475,900	1,277,400
Nov 2014	1,648,300	851,100	605,100	163,500	1,486,100	1,286,700
Dec 2014	1,647,900	855,900	605,700	162,700	1,495,700	1,291,400
Jan 2015	1,651,800	862,700	605,300	162,200	1,506,800	1,291,300
Feb 2015	1,650,100	861,500	605,000	162,800	1,514,300	1,296,400
Mar 2015	1,647,200	863,400	604,400	162,600	1,519,600	1,300,600
Apr 2015	1,648,200	867,000	605,800	163,000	1,546,800	1,301,700
May 2015	1,645,700	871,100	605,300	162,500	1,552,700	1,306,900
Jun 2015	1,645,900	873,400	606,100	161,800	1,553,200	1,313,100
Jul 2015	1,647,900	875,900	606,800	162,600	1,558,300	1,316,300
Aug 2015	1,649,000	877,700	607,400	162,500	1,570,900	1,321,600
Sep 2015	1,650,100	881,200	608,500	162,400	1,576,900	1,322,600
Oct 2015	1,649,100	881,200	608,500	161,700	1,587,200	1,329,100
Nov 2015	1,650,200	883,000	610,000	161,900	1,596,800	1,332,800
Dec 2015	1,647,900	880,200	609,100	162,900	1,605,800	1,335,100
Jan 2016	1,644,100	885,100	610,800	162,900	1,600,200	1,341,800
Feb 2016	1,638,400	888,700	613,100	163,600	1,605,300	1,346,300
Mar 2016	1,640,500	890,100	614,600	163,700	1,609,900	1,350,900
Apr 2016	1,639,900	891,300	614,600	162,900	1,617,600	1,356,400
May 2016	1,641,700	891,400	615,400	164,400	1,617,600	1,361,500
Jun 2016	1,644,700	894,400	615,700	165,000	1,628,800	1,366,300
Jul 2016	1,648,800	899,600	614,600	165,400	1,636,600	1,366,100
Aug 2016	1,639,300	901,200	617,200	164,100	1,653,700	1,369,600
Sep 2016	1,643,600	898,900	618,100	165,900	1,663,200	1,377,200
Oct 2016	1,639,300	901,700	619,200	166,800	1,671,600	1,380,800
Nov 2016	1,637,900	904,600	619,600	166,700	1,673,100	1,383,100
Dec 2016	1,641,200	909,000	621,600	166,300	1,686,500	1,390,700
Jan 2017	1,637,000	910,700	624,000	166,200	1,692,400	1,393,200
Feb 2017	1,636,900	913,200	625,700	166,300	1,698,600	1,396,800
Mar 2017	1,634,300	915,200	626,800	166,100	1,701,900	1,399,300
Apr 2017	1,632,900	917,200	629,100	167,300	1,714,100	1,407,200
May 2017	1,631,200	920,500	631,200	166,300	1,722,500	1,412,300
Jun 2017	1,628,700	921,500	630,900	168,600	1,728,100	1,417,700
Jul 2017	1,627,000	922,900	633,100	168,100	1,737,600	1,429,700
Aug 2017	1,629,600	925,900	632,900	168,000	1,737,500	1,429,800
Sep 2017	1,620,300	927,100	633,800	165,300	1,742,700	1,435,000
Oct 2017	1,618,000	927,900	634,100	164,700	1,749,700	1,439,200
Nov 2017	1,617,300	930,300	638,600	165,300	1,757,900	1,439,800
Dec 2017	1,614,300	931,300	640,800	164,800	1,762,100	1,441,100
Jan 2018	1,616,100	933,400	642,000	165,300	1,793,300	1,445,900
Feb 2018	1,614,600	934,800	643,100	164,100	1,806,700	1,454,800
Mar 2018	1,610,700	937,400	639,800	165,300	1,819,500	1,457,000
Apr 2018	1,608,900	938,000	640,900	165,500	1,821,100	1,458,900
May 2018	1,609,800	940,300	641,300	166,100	1,829,700	1,466,100
Jun 2018	1,604,200	944,100	642,200	163,200	1,840,000	1,466,200
Jul 2018	1,601,000	946,000	640,600	163,500	1,852,200	1,469,300
Aug 2018	1,600,200	946,400	643,400	164,000	1,862,200	1,471,500
Sep 2018	1,599,800	949,100	643,200	164,000	1,871,300	1,473,200
Oct 2018	1,601,000	952,100	642,800	164,100	1,879,200	1,475,100
Nov 2018	1,600,600	951,500	641,500	163,700	1,888,200	1,474,600
Dec 2018	1,605,000	951,500	644,100	164,300	1,898,300	1,487,200
Jan 2019	1,599,900	954,400	642,100	165,100	1,904,800	1,495,200
Feb 2019	1,600,100	955,000	643,000	165,400	1,912,600	1,500,700
Mar 2019	1,603,100	957,400	646,100	165,300	1,923,600	1,508,100
Apr 2019	1,599,700	963,000	646,500	164,200	1,954,900	1,514,300
May 2019	1,598,300	965,200	647,200	163,900	1,963,800	1,515,500
Jun 2019	1,596,900	965,600	647,700	163,800	1,973,600	1,517,400
Jul 2019	1,597,200	969,100	649,200	163,900	1,981,600	1,521,600
Aug 2019	1,595,600	970,500	647,800	164,400	2,004,600	1,524,600
Sep 2019	1,595,400	971,400	647,100	164,900	2,006,700	1,526,700
Oct 2019	1,590,400	976,800	649,300	165,000	2,016,500	1,527,600
Nov 2019	1,589,500	976,300	649,600	165,200	2,031,800	1,531,700
Dec 2019	1,583,000	977,600	649,000	165,100	2,042,300	1,535,200
Jan 2020	1,583,700	976,000	650,300	166,600	2,060,700	1,540,100
Feb 2020	1,587,000	974,600	650,100	165,300	2,074,000	1,546,500
Mar 2020	1,581,800	972,400	650,300	164,700	2,071,100	1,541,300
Apr 2020	1,535,000	933,200	613,200	158,500	1,890,300	1,436,700
May 2020	1,505,900	926,500	607,000	158,700	1,912,600	1,441,900
Jun 2020	1,487,300	924,300	608,500	159,300	1,937,900	1,457,000
Jul 2020	1,470,400	918,900	612,100	159,000	1,956,900	1,470,400
Aug 2020	1,461,500	912,500	612,800	157,700	1,974,400	1,483,100
Sep 2020	1,455,200	914,100	616,700	157,700	1,986,200	1,493,900
Oct 2020	1,449,700	912,800	617,500	157,700	2,004,600	1,501,100
Nov 2020	1,441,200	912,900	616,900	156,800	2,019,700	1,508,000
Dec 2020	1,435,000	908,300	615,400	156,600	2,021,100	1,511,000
Jan 2021	1,415,300	903,000	612,000	155,500	2,025,700	1,503,600
Feb 2021	1,408,100	899,700	615,100	155,300	2,033,300	1,507,400
Mar 2021	1,404,300	897,700	615,100	154,900	2,048,600	1,509,300
Apr 2021	1,386,100	898,700	612,100	154,700	2,062,900	1,506,100
May 2021	1,380,600	896,900	609,400	154,600	2,066,500	1,512,100
Jun 2021	1,372,500	896,100	607,200	153,500	2,068,900	1,503,800
Jul 2021	1,371,900	894,500	602,100	150,800	2,076,300	1,500,800
Aug 2021	1,364,400	893,200	601,400	151,400	2,079,000	1,492,900
Sep 2021	1,346,100	877,500	598,300	151,300	2,084,000	1,494,700
Oct 2021	1,351,500	874,300	596,300	150,100	2,090,200	1,508,700
Nov 2021	1,348,300	873,900	597,300	150,600	2,096,800	1,502,800
Dec 2021	1,345,600	877,900	598,200	150,800	2,107,300	1,501,900
Jan 2022	1,344,700	869,500	595,600	150,700	2,084,200	1,503,500
Feb 2022	1,342,600	877,100	597,800	151,200	2,100,000	1,513,800
Mar 2022	1,340,500	881,400	595,900	151,200	2,114,900	1,516,800
Apr 2022	1,341,700	881,400	600,300	151,000	2,119,900	1,526,100
May 2022	1,346,500	889,200	602,500	150,500	2,134,400	1,527,400
Jun 2022	1,349,200	892,900	604,900	151,100	2,143,900	1,534,500
Jul 2022	1,354,200	897,400	609,100	151,800	2,159,000	1,536,200
Aug 2022	1,357,300	901,800	613,600	153,000	2,168,800	1,539,400
Sep 2022	1,363,800	906,500	616,100	152,700	2,184,800	1,546,400
Oct 2022	1,370,600	909,900	619,100	153,400	2,190,400	1,552,600
Nov 2022	1,372,400	915,000	619,600	154,300	2,210,500	1,559,800
Dec 2022	1,378,000	914,900	622,000	154,500	2,227,500	1,571,300
Jan 2023	1,384,800	921,800	624,000	155,400	2,239,400	1,578,200
Feb 2023	1,391,700	928,100	624,600	155,400	2,250,100	1,586,300
Mar 2023	1,397,500	929,400	625,000	156,100	2,259,700	1,598,700
Apr 2023	1,401,400	931,800	628,000	156,300	2,275,500	1,604,100
May 2023	1,405,500	933,300	631,600	156,900	2,287,600	1,613,400
Jun 2023	1,412,600	935,700	635,400	157,000	2,302,700	1,622,500
Jul 2023	1,419,200	949,800	638,300	156,800	2,315,900	1,633,100
Aug 2023	1,429,600	953,300	640,700	156,400	2,334,400	1,641,700
Sep 2023	1,430,500	953,500	644,700	157,300	2,354,100	1,651,900
Oct 2023	1,437,300	957,600	646,000	157,700	2,366,500	1,657,600
Nov 2023	1,443,500	964,700	650,800	157,700	2,379,100	1,667,500
Dec 2023	1,444,400	962,200	653,700	158,200	2,394,700	1,680,400
Jan 2024	1,450,900	966,400	655,400	159,300	2,403,300	1,699,400
Feb 2024	1,453,700	967,100	660,200	159,400	2,420,900	1,714,400
Mar 2024	1,462,300	971,500	662,900	161,300	2,428,000	1,727,700
Apr 2024	1,466,900	971,800	665,600	162,800	2,457,700	1,737,600
May 2024	1,466,700	978,500	668,800	162,500	2,471,800	1,758,000
Jun 2024	1,467,200	978,300	670,400	166,800	2,497,800	1,755,700
Jul 2024	1,471,600	981,000	672,800	165,700	2,509,300	1,775,400

Employment in home and community-based care industries up sharply from 1990

In home and community-based care industries, employment grew dramatically from 1990 to 2024; services for the elderly and people with disabilities added 2.3 million jobs, and home health care services added 1.5 million.

By contrast, institution-based care industries had much slower job growth over the same period. Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities added the most jobs, up 659,000. Skilled nursing care facilities had the largest downward shift in industry employment share. Skilled nursing care facilities accounted for more jobs than all other care-related industries combined in 1990 but became the second largest care-related industry in 2016 and the third largest in 2020.

View Chart Data

Percent of jobs held by women, January 1990–July 2024, seasonally adjusted
Month	Total private	Skilled nursing care facilities	Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	Other residential care facilities	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	Home health care services
Jan 1990	45.6	86.0	82.2	74.1	64.4	81.6	92.3
Feb 1990	45.6	85.9	82.2	74.0	64.3	81.7	91.9
Mar 1990	45.6	86.0	82.2	74.0	64.3	81.8	91.7
Apr 1990	45.7	86.0	82.0	73.9	64.2	81.7	91.6
May 1990	45.8	85.9	82.0	73.9	64.2	81.7	91.8
Jun 1990	45.8	85.9	82.0	73.8	64.0	81.6	91.7
Jul 1990	45.8	85.9	82.1	74.0	64.1	81.8	91.7
Aug 1990	45.9	86.0	82.0	73.8	64.1	81.8	92.1
Sep 1990	46.0	85.9	81.8	73.7	64.0	81.8	91.9
Oct 1990	46.0	86.0	81.9	73.7	64.0	81.7	91.9
Nov 1990	46.1	86.0	81.8	73.6	63.7	81.7	91.9
Dec 1990	46.1	86.0	81.9	73.7	63.9	81.5	91.8
Jan 1991	46.2	85.9	81.7	73.5	63.8	81.7	91.9
Feb 1991	46.3	85.9	81.8	73.6	63.9	81.9	91.8
Mar 1991	46.4	85.9	81.7	73.5	63.7	81.6	91.7
Apr 1991	46.4	85.9	81.7	73.5	63.7	81.7	91.7
May 1991	46.4	85.9	81.7	73.4	63.6	81.6	91.5
Jun 1991	46.4	85.9	81.6	73.3	63.7	81.4	91.7
Jul 1991	46.5	85.8	81.7	73.5	63.7	81.8	91.5
Aug 1991	46.5	85.8	81.6	73.3	63.6	81.7	91.7
Sep 1991	46.5	85.7	81.5	73.3	63.6	81.7	91.6
Oct 1991	46.5	85.7	81.4	73.2	63.6	81.8	91.6
Nov 1991	46.6	85.6	81.4	73.2	63.5	81.8	91.6
Dec 1991	46.6	85.6	81.4	73.1	63.5	81.8	91.8
Jan 1992	46.6	85.6	81.4	73.2	63.5	81.9	91.4
Feb 1992	46.7	85.6	81.3	73.1	63.4	81.8	91.5
Mar 1992	46.7	85.5	81.3	73.1	63.5	81.8	91.6
Apr 1992	46.7	85.4	81.3	73.1	63.4	81.9	91.9
May 1992	46.7	85.4	81.2	73.0	63.3	81.9	91.5
Jun 1992	46.7	85.4	81.2	73.1	63.4	81.8	91.5
Jul 1992	46.7	85.4	81.2	73.1	63.4	81.7	91.6
Aug 1992	46.7	85.3	81.1	72.9	63.2	81.8	91.6
Sep 1992	46.7	85.3	81.0	72.9	63.3	81.8	91.4
Oct 1992	46.7	85.3	81.1	72.9	63.3	81.8	91.4
Nov 1992	46.7	85.3	81.1	73.0	63.4	81.8	91.7
Dec 1992	46.7	85.3	81.1	73.0	63.4	81.9	91.6
Jan 1993	46.7	85.3	81.2	73.1	63.4	81.8	91.1
Feb 1993	46.7	85.2	81.1	73.1	63.4	81.7	91.2
Mar 1993	46.7	85.2	81.0	73.0	63.3	81.8	91.2
Apr 1993	46.7	85.2	81.0	72.9	63.3	81.7	91.3
May 1993	46.7	85.1	80.9	72.9	63.3	81.7	91.3
Jun 1993	46.7	85.2	80.9	72.9	63.2	81.6	91.3
Jul 1993	46.7	85.2	80.9	72.9	63.3	81.3	91.3
Aug 1993	46.7	85.2	80.9	72.8	63.2	81.3	91.1
Sep 1993	46.7	85.2	80.9	72.8	63.2	81.5	90.9
Oct 1993	46.7	85.1	80.8	72.8	63.2	81.7	90.8
Nov 1993	46.6	85.1	80.8	72.7	63.1	81.7	91.0
Dec 1993	46.6	85.1	80.7	72.7	63.0	81.7	90.9
Jan 1994	46.6	85.1	80.7	72.6	63.0	81.6	91.0
Feb 1994	46.6	85.0	80.7	72.6	63.0	81.6	90.8
Mar 1994	46.6	85.0	80.7	72.6	63.1	81.7	90.9
Apr 1994	46.6	85.0	80.8	72.7	63.1	81.7	90.8
May 1994	46.6	85.0	80.7	72.7	63.0	81.8	90.6
Jun 1994	46.6	84.9	80.6	72.6	63.0	81.9	90.3
Jul 1994	46.6	84.9	80.5	72.5	62.9	82.0	90.4
Aug 1994	46.6	85.0	80.5	72.5	62.9	82.1	90.4
Sep 1994	46.6	85.0	80.6	72.4	62.9	82.0	90.4
Oct 1994	46.6	85.0	80.6	72.5	62.9	82.0	90.5
Nov 1994	46.5	85.0	80.5	72.5	62.8	82.1	90.7
Dec 1994	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.3	62.7	82.0	90.2
Jan 1995	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.3	62.7	82.2	90.3
Feb 1995	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.2	62.7	82.0	90.5
Mar 1995	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.2	62.6	82.1	90.5
Apr 1995	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.3	62.7	82.1	90.4
May 1995	46.6	85.0	80.4	72.3	62.8	81.9	90.5
Jun 1995	46.6	85.0	80.4	72.3	62.7	82.0	90.5
Jul 1995	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.4	62.7	82.0	90.5
Aug 1995	46.5	85.0	80.4	72.4	62.8	82.0	90.7
Sep 1995	46.6	85.0	80.5	72.4	62.9	81.9	90.7
Oct 1995	46.5	85.1	80.5	72.4	62.8	81.9	90.6
Nov 1995	46.5	85.1	80.5	72.4	62.8	81.9	90.6
Dec 1995	46.5	85.1	80.4	72.3	62.7	82.0	90.8
Jan 1996	46.5	85.0	80.5	72.4	62.9	82.1	90.4
Feb 1996	46.5	85.0	80.5	72.5	62.9	82.0	90.5
Mar 1996	46.5	85.1	80.6	72.6	63.1	82.1	90.5
Apr 1996	46.5	85.1	80.5	72.5	62.9	82.0	90.4
May 1996	46.5	85.1	80.6	72.6	63.0	81.8	90.3
Jun 1996	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.1	81.9	90.5
Jul 1996	46.5	85.2	80.7	72.8	63.2	82.0	90.3
Aug 1996	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.1	82.3	90.4
Sep 1996	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.6	63.1	82.1	90.3
Oct 1996	46.6	85.2	80.6	72.6	63.0	82.0	90.2
Nov 1996	46.6	85.2	80.6	72.6	63.1	82.1	90.1
Dec 1996	46.6	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.2	82.1	90.1
Jan 1997	46.6	85.2	80.6	72.6	63.1	82.4	89.7
Feb 1997	46.5	85.3	80.5	72.6	63.0	82.1	90.2
Mar 1997	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.6	63.1	82.1	90.2
Apr 1997	46.6	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.1	82.0	90.1
May 1997	46.6	85.3	80.7	72.7	63.2	82.0	89.9
Jun 1997	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.2	82.1	89.9
Jul 1997	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.1	82.1	89.9
Aug 1997	46.5	85.2	80.6	72.7	63.1	82.2	89.8
Sep 1997	46.5	85.2	80.7	72.8	63.3	82.1	89.9
Oct 1997	46.5	85.2	80.7	72.8	63.3	82.2	90.0
Nov 1997	46.5	85.2	80.8	72.9	63.5	82.1	90.0
Dec 1997	46.5	85.3	80.7	72.8	63.3	82.1	90.1
Jan 1998	46.4	85.3	80.8	72.9	63.3	82.3	89.6
Feb 1998	46.4	85.3	80.9	73.1	63.5	82.2	89.8
Mar 1998	46.5	85.4	80.9	73.0	63.5	82.1	89.9
Apr 1998	46.4	85.3	80.8	72.9	63.3	82.1	90.0
May 1998	46.4	85.4	80.9	73.0	63.6	82.2	89.9
Jun 1998	46.4	85.3	80.9	73.1	63.5	82.1	89.9
Jul 1998	46.4	85.3	80.9	73.1	63.5	82.0	90.0
Aug 1998	46.4	85.4	80.9	73.0	63.5	82.0	89.9
Sep 1998	46.4	85.4	80.9	73.1	63.5	82.1	89.6
Oct 1998	46.4	85.3	81.0	73.1	63.6	82.0	89.6
Nov 1998	46.4	85.3	80.9	73.1	63.6	82.1	89.8
Dec 1998	46.4	85.3	80.9	73.1	63.5	82.1	89.7
Jan 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.2	63.7	82.3	89.2
Feb 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.1	63.6	82.2	89.6
Mar 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.2	63.7	82.2	89.5
Apr 1999	46.4	85.4	81.1	73.3	63.8	82.1	89.9
May 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.3	63.7	82.2	89.5
Jun 1999	46.4	85.3	81.0	73.2	63.8	81.9	89.4
Jul 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.2	63.8	81.9	89.6
Aug 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.2	63.7	82.0	89.5
Sep 1999	46.4	85.4	80.9	73.2	63.7	82.1	89.5
Oct 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.2	63.7	82.2	89.5
Nov 1999	46.4	85.4	81.0	73.3	63.8	82.2	89.6
Dec 1999	46.4	85.4	80.9	73.2	63.7	82.2	89.5
Jan 2000	46.4	85.4	80.8	73.0	63.6	82.4	89.6
Feb 2000	46.4	85.4	80.9	73.1	63.6	82.3	89.5
Mar 2000	46.3	85.3	80.8	73.1	63.6	82.4	89.4
Apr 2000	46.4	85.3	80.6	72.9	63.4	82.3	89.4
May 2000	46.4	85.3	80.7	72.9	63.5	82.3	89.4
Jun 2000	46.4	85.3	80.7	73.0	63.4	82.2	89.3
Jul 2000	46.4	85.3	80.8	73.0	63.6	82.2	89.4
Aug 2000	46.4	85.2	80.8	73.0	63.6	82.5	89.4
Sep 2000	46.5	85.3	80.8	73.1	63.7	82.3	89.4
Oct 2000	46.5	85.2	80.8	73.0	63.5	82.5	89.4
Nov 2000	46.5	85.3	80.7	72.9	63.5	82.4	89.2
Dec 2000	46.5	85.2	80.8	73.1	63.6	82.4	89.5
Jan 2001	46.5	85.2	80.8	73.1	63.7	82.6	89.6
Feb 2001	46.6	85.2	80.8	73.1	63.7	82.4	89.5
Mar 2001	46.5	85.2	80.8	73.2	63.7	82.5	89.6
Apr 2001	46.7	85.5	81.0	73.4	63.8	82.9	89.9
May 2001	46.8	85.5	81.1	73.2	63.7	82.9	90.1
Jun 2001	46.8	85.6	81.0	73.3	63.8	82.8	90.1
Jul 2001	46.8	85.6	81.1	73.2	63.8	82.9	90.0
Aug 2001	46.8	85.7	81.1	73.2	63.9	82.9	90.2
Sep 2001	46.8	85.7	81.0	73.3	63.8	82.8	90.1
Oct 2001	46.8	85.6	81.0	73.2	63.7	82.8	90.3
Nov 2001	46.9	85.5	81.0	73.2	63.7	82.7	90.1
Dec 2001	46.9	85.5	81.0	73.3	63.6	82.7	90.3
Jan 2002	46.9	85.4	80.9	73.1	63.6	82.7	90.1
Feb 2002	47.0	85.4	80.8	73.1	63.5	82.7	90.2
Mar 2002	47.0	85.5	80.9	73.1	63.5	82.8	90.2
Apr 2002	47.0	85.6	80.9	72.9	63.5	82.8	90.1
May 2002	46.9	85.4	80.7	72.9	64.0	82.9	89.9
Jun 2002	47.0	85.4	80.8	72.9	63.7	83.1	90.0
Jul 2002	47.0	85.3	80.8	72.9	64.1	83.3	90.2
Aug 2002	47.0	85.3	80.8	73.0	63.6	83.6	90.3
Sep 2002	47.0	85.3	80.9	72.8	63.6	83.2	90.2
Oct 2002	47.0	85.4	80.8	72.6	63.2	83.7	90.2
Nov 2002	47.0	85.5	80.8	72.9	63.6	83.3	90.2
Dec 2002	47.0	85.6	80.8	73.0	63.8	84.0	90.2
Jan 2003	47.0	85.5	80.9	72.9	64.0	84.0	90.5
Feb 2003	47.1	85.4	80.8	72.9	63.8	84.3	90.5
Mar 2003	47.1	85.4	80.7	72.6	63.6	84.0	90.6
Apr 2003	47.1	85.2	80.5	72.6	63.9	83.9	90.3
May 2003	47.1	85.4	80.9	72.7	63.4	84.0	90.3
Jun 2003	47.1	85.4	80.9	72.7	63.6	83.8	90.0
Jul 2003	47.1	85.2	80.7	72.9	63.4	83.8	90.2
Aug 2003	47.0	85.2	80.7	72.7	63.1	83.5	90.3
Sep 2003	47.0	85.3	80.7	72.8	63.4	83.5	90.0
Oct 2003	47.0	85.2	80.8	72.8	63.3	83.5	90.0
Nov 2003	47.0	85.2	81.0	72.9	63.6	83.3	90.4
Dec 2003	47.0	85.3	80.9	72.7	63.3	83.5	90.4
Jan 2004	47.0	85.2	81.0	72.5	64.0	83.5	90.1
Feb 2004	47.0	85.3	81.2	72.2	62.7	83.5	90.2
Mar 2004	46.9	85.2	81.0	72.3	62.8	84.0	90.3
Apr 2004	46.9	85.2	80.9	72.0	62.9	83.4	90.1
May 2004	46.9	85.1	81.0	72.0	62.7	83.3	90.2
Jun 2004	46.9	85.1	80.7	72.1	63.6	83.5	90.2
Jul 2004	46.9	85.2	81.0	71.9	63.4	83.2	90.1
Aug 2004	46.9	85.3	81.3	71.8	63.3	83.5	89.9
Sep 2004	46.9	85.2	81.1	72.1	62.9	83.4	90.1
Oct 2004	46.9	85.2	81.1	72.0	63.2	83.2	89.8
Nov 2004	46.9	85.2	81.0	71.9	62.7	83.1	89.8
Dec 2004	46.9	85.3	81.1	72.1	62.6	83.0	89.6
Jan 2005	46.9	85.2	81.4	72.1	62.6	83.0	89.5
Feb 2005	46.9	85.4	81.1	72.2	62.7	83.3	89.6
Mar 2005	46.9	85.4	81.3	72.3	62.7	83.1	89.6
Apr 2005	46.9	85.4	81.3	72.6	62.4	83.3	89.8
May 2005	46.9	85.5	81.3	72.7	62.5	83.4	89.8
Jun 2005	46.9	85.5	81.2	72.7	62.6	83.6	89.9
Jul 2005	46.9	85.6	81.2	72.7	62.6	83.3	89.9
Aug 2005	46.9	85.6	81.2	72.6	62.7	83.2	90.2
Sep 2005	46.9	85.7	80.9	72.4	62.7	83.3	90.4
Oct 2005	46.9	85.8	80.8	72.4	62.5	83.1	90.3
Nov 2005	46.8	85.9	80.8	72.3	62.7	82.9	90.5
Dec 2005	46.8	86.0	80.8	72.2	62.5	82.9	90.5
Jan 2006	46.8	86.0	80.8	72.2	62.4	82.8	90.6
Feb 2006	46.8	86.0	80.7	72.2	62.4	82.8	90.7
Mar 2006	46.8	86.1	80.6	71.9	62.6	82.7	90.8
Apr 2006	46.8	86.2	80.7	71.8	62.6	82.7	90.9
May 2006	46.8	86.3	80.5	71.8	62.9	82.7	90.9
Jun 2006	46.8	86.4	80.5	71.8	63.1	82.7	91.1
Jul 2006	46.8	86.4	80.4	72.0	62.8	82.9	91.1
Aug 2006	46.8	86.2	80.3	71.8	62.9	83.3	91.1
Sep 2006	46.9	86.3	80.7	71.8	64.4	83.0	91.0
Oct 2006	46.9	86.2	80.8	71.8	64.3	83.2	91.3
Nov 2006	47.0	86.3	80.5	71.9	64.7	83.5	91.1
Dec 2006	47.0	86.1	80.5	71.8	64.5	83.7	91.1
Jan 2007	47.0	86.3	80.4	71.7	64.9	83.9	90.9
Feb 2007	47.0	86.1	80.4	71.5	65.0	83.8	90.7
Mar 2007	47.0	85.9	80.1	71.3	65.2	84.3	90.6
Apr 2007	47.0	86.1	80.3	71.3	64.8	84.2	90.6
May 2007	47.1	85.9	80.1	71.3	64.6	84.2	90.6
Jun 2007	47.1	85.8	80.1	71.2	64.4	84.7	90.5
Jul 2007	47.2	85.8	80.4	71.1	64.3	84.7	90.3
Aug 2007	47.2	85.7	80.6	71.5	63.9	84.8	90.0
Sep 2007	47.2	85.8	80.4	71.3	63.9	85.0	90.1
Oct 2007	47.2	85.8	80.2	71.2	63.7	85.3	89.7
Nov 2007	47.2	85.7	80.4	71.2	64.3	85.0	89.7
Dec 2007	47.3	85.7	80.3	71.1	64.7	85.0	89.4
Jan 2008	47.3	85.5	80.1	71.2	64.7	85.2	89.5
Feb 2008	47.3	85.6	80.0	71.4	64.7	85.2	89.3
Mar 2008	47.4	85.6	80.0	71.5	64.5	85.0	89.4
Apr 2008	47.4	85.5	79.7	71.2	64.4	85.0	89.4
May 2008	47.5	85.5	79.5	71.2	64.7	84.8	89.3
Jun 2008	47.5	85.4	79.5	71.2	64.5	84.9	89.2
Jul 2008	47.6	85.4	79.5	71.2	65.0	84.7	89.2
Aug 2008	47.6	85.5	79.4	71.0	65.6	84.8	89.1
Sep 2008	47.6	85.3	79.3	71.3	65.6	85.3	89.0
Oct 2008	47.7	85.4	79.2	71.2	65.9	84.8	88.8
Nov 2008	47.9	85.4	79.2	71.1	65.8	84.8	89.0
Dec 2008	48.0	85.4	79.2	71.3	65.5	84.5	89.1
Jan 2009	48.1	85.4	79.6	71.2	63.5	84.5	89.4
Feb 2009	48.2	85.4	79.7	71.5	65.4	84.1	89.4
Mar 2009	48.3	85.5	79.6	71.3	66.1	84.2	89.3
Apr 2009	48.4	85.5	79.7	71.0	65.7	84.2	89.1
May 2009	48.5	85.4	79.4	71.1	65.9	84.2	89.0
Jun 2009	48.6	85.4	79.8	71.1	65.9	84.0	88.9
Jul 2009	48.6	85.3	80.0	71.0	65.6	84.1	88.8
Aug 2009	48.6	85.3	79.9	71.0	66.0	83.6	88.8
Sep 2009	48.6	85.1	79.8	70.9	65.9	83.6	88.9
Oct 2009	48.6	85.1	80.1	70.9	65.9	84.0	89.0
Nov 2009	48.6	85.2	80.0	71.1	65.9	83.6	88.8
Dec 2009	48.6	85.1	80.1	71.1	66.3	83.5	88.6
Jan 2010	48.7	85.1	80.2	71.2	68.7	83.3	88.6
Feb 2010	48.7	84.9	80.1	71.5	67.8	82.8	88.5
Mar 2010	48.6	85.0	80.4	71.4	67.7	83.1	88.7
Apr 2010	48.5	84.9	80.6	71.3	67.6	83.1	88.7
May 2010	48.5	84.8	80.7	71.2	67.6	83.1	88.8
Jun 2010	48.4	84.7	80.8	71.1	67.7	82.9	88.7
Jul 2010	48.4	84.6	80.6	71.3	67.7	82.8	88.8
Aug 2010	48.4	84.6	80.8	71.3	66.9	82.4	88.9
Sep 2010	48.4	84.5	80.7	71.2	67.3	82.4	88.8
Oct 2010	48.3	84.6	80.9	71.3	66.6	82.3	88.7
Nov 2010	48.3	84.7	81.2	71.4	65.8	82.6	88.6
Dec 2010	48.3	84.6	81.1	71.3	66.1	82.4	88.6
Jan 2011	48.3	84.5	80.9	71.6	65.9	82.7	88.6
Feb 2011	48.2	84.5	80.9	71.4	65.9	82.5	88.8
Mar 2011	48.2	84.4	80.7	71.4	65.6	82.6	88.7
Apr 2011	48.2	84.5	80.5	71.6	65.6	82.7	88.4
May 2011	48.1	84.4	80.4	71.7	65.7	82.7	88.1
Jun 2011	48.1	84.4	80.4	71.9	65.4	82.9	88.3
Jul 2011	48.1	84.4	80.4	71.6	65.7	82.8	88.2
Aug 2011	48.1	84.4	80.3	71.7	66.3	83.2	88.2
Sep 2011	48.0	84.6	80.3	71.8	65.4	83.2	88.0
Oct 2011	48.0	84.5	80.2	71.5	66.0	83.2	88.0
Nov 2011	48.0	84.3	80.1	71.4	66.3	83.2	88.1
Dec 2011	48.0	84.4	80.3	71.4	66.2	83.3	88.3
Jan 2012	48.0	84.4	80.1	71.1	66.1	83.3	88.4
Feb 2012	48.0	84.3	80.2	71.3	66.2	83.5	88.6
Mar 2012	48.0	84.2	80.4	70.9	66.2	83.6	88.4
Apr 2012	48.0	84.4	80.6	71.0	66.3	83.4	88.2
May 2012	48.0	84.4	80.6	70.9	66.7	83.6	88.3
Jun 2012	48.0	84.4	80.6	70.8	66.6	83.6	88.4
Jul 2012	48.0	84.4	80.6	71.0	66.8	83.7	88.7
Aug 2012	48.0	84.4	80.6	71.0	66.3	83.7	88.4
Sep 2012	48.0	84.5	80.6	71.1	66.4	83.9	88.4
Oct 2012	48.0	84.6	80.6	71.1	66.4	84.0	88.2
Nov 2012	48.0	84.6	80.0	71.1	66.2	83.8	88.1
Dec 2012	48.0	84.5	80.7	71.0	66.2	83.9	87.9
Jan 2013	48.0	84.6	80.6	71.0	66.2	83.9	88.0
Feb 2013	47.9	84.7	80.7	70.9	66.1	83.8	87.9
Mar 2013	48.0	84.6	80.7	71.0	66.4	83.9	88.0
Apr 2013	48.0	84.6	80.6	71.1	66.1	83.9	88.1
May 2013	48.0	84.6	80.5	71.1	66.3	84.0	88.1
Jun 2013	48.0	84.6	80.5	71.2	65.8	83.9	87.9
Jul 2013	48.0	84.5	80.7	70.9	66.1	83.7	87.7
Aug 2013	48.0	84.7	80.6	71.0	65.9	83.8	87.7
Sep 2013	48.0	84.7	80.6	70.9	66.3	83.6	87.6
Oct 2013	48.0	84.7	80.5	70.8	65.7	83.4	87.6
Nov 2013	48.0	84.9	81.5	70.6	65.6	83.8	88.1
Dec 2013	48.0	85.0	80.3	70.7	65.4	83.4	87.6
Jan 2014	48.0	84.9	80.4	70.8	65.4	83.5	87.6
Feb 2014	48.0	84.9	80.3	70.8	65.3	83.6	87.7
Mar 2014	47.9	84.9	80.3	70.8	65.0	83.5	87.6
Apr 2014	47.9	84.9	80.4	70.9	64.5	83.6	87.5
May 2014	47.9	84.8	80.4	70.9	63.9	83.7	87.4
Jun 2014	47.9	84.8	80.5	71.0	63.7	83.7	87.4
Jul 2014	47.9	84.9	80.5	70.9	63.7	83.9	87.4
Aug 2014	47.9	85.0	80.6	71.0	64.1	83.8	87.5
Sep 2014	47.9	84.9	80.7	70.9	63.8	83.8	87.5
Oct 2014	47.9	84.9	80.7	71.0	63.6	83.7	87.6
Nov 2014	47.9	84.9	80.8	70.8	64.3	83.7	87.5
Dec 2014	47.9	84.9	81.0	71.0	64.3	83.8	87.6
Jan 2015	47.9	84.8	80.7	71.1	64.2	83.9	87.6
Feb 2015	47.9	84.9	81.0	71.0	64.2	84.1	87.5
Mar 2015	47.9	84.9	80.9	71.2	64.6	83.9	87.6
Apr 2015	47.9	84.9	81.0	71.1	65.2	83.8	87.6
May 2015	47.9	85.0	81.0	71.0	65.5	83.8	87.6
Jun 2015	47.9	85.0	81.1	71.0	65.6	84.0	87.7
Jul 2015	47.9	84.9	81.0	71.1	65.0	83.9	87.6
Aug 2015	47.9	84.9	80.9	71.0	65.2	83.9	87.5
Sep 2015	47.9	84.9	80.8	71.1	65.0	83.9	87.7
Oct 2015	47.9	84.9	80.8	71.0	65.2	83.9	87.7
Nov 2015	47.9	84.8	80.9	71.1	65.1	84.0	87.5
Dec 2015	47.9	84.7	80.9	70.9	65.3	84.0	87.5
Jan 2016	48.0	84.8	80.9	71.1	65.2	83.9	87.6
Feb 2016	48.0	84.9	80.8	71.1	65.2	84.1	87.6
Mar 2016	48.1	84.8	81.0	71.0	65.6	84.2	87.6
Apr 2016	48.1	84.7	80.8	71.0	65.9	84.0	87.6
May 2016	48.1	84.9	80.9	71.2	65.8	84.5	87.5
Jun 2016	48.1	84.8	80.8	71.1	66.8	84.6	87.5
Jul 2016	48.2	84.6	80.7	71.3	66.6	84.6	87.5
Aug 2016	48.2	84.9	80.6	71.4	67.0	84.3	87.7
Sep 2016	48.2	84.8	80.6	71.4	66.9	84.2	87.5
Oct 2016	48.2	84.9	80.7	71.4	67.1	84.2	87.5
Nov 2016	48.2	84.8	80.7	71.4	67.0	84.0	87.5
Dec 2016	48.2	84.7	80.7	71.4	66.7	84.1	87.4
Jan 2017	48.2	84.7	80.8	71.3	66.4	84.0	87.1
Feb 2017	48.2	84.8	80.8	71.2	66.1	83.9	87.1
Mar 2017	48.1	84.7	80.6	71.3	65.9	83.8	87.1
Apr 2017	48.1	84.8	80.6	71.1	65.5	83.5	87.1
May 2017	48.1	84.6	80.6	71.1	66.0	83.4	87.1
Jun 2017	48.1	84.6	80.6	71.2	65.5	83.3	87.0
Jul 2017	48.2	84.7	80.7	71.0	66.0	83.4	87.2
Aug 2017	48.1	84.7	80.5	71.0	66.1	83.4	87.0
Sep 2017	48.1	84.8	80.6	70.9	65.8	83.3	87.0
Oct 2017	48.1	84.7	80.5	70.8	65.3	83.4	87.0
Nov 2017	48.1	84.7	80.4	70.9	65.1	83.0	87.0
Dec 2017	48.1	84.9	80.5	70.8	65.0	83.2	86.9
Jan 2018	48.2	84.8	80.7	71.2	65.7	82.6	86.8
Feb 2018	48.2	84.8	80.7	70.8	64.7	82.7	86.9
Mar 2018	48.2	85.0	80.7	70.9	65.7	82.9	86.9
Apr 2018	48.2	85.1	80.5	70.9	65.9	83.0	87.0
May 2018	48.2	85.0	80.8	70.8	65.6	83.1	87.1
Jun 2018	48.3	85.2	81.0	70.9	65.6	83.1	87.1
Jul 2018	48.3	85.2	80.8	71.0	66.0	82.9	86.8
Aug 2018	48.3	85.1	80.8	70.9	65.9	83.0	86.7
Sep 2018	48.3	85.0	80.9	70.7	66.0	83.0	86.8
Oct 2018	48.3	85.0	81.0	70.8	66.1	83.2	86.6
Nov 2018	48.4	85.1	80.9	70.5	66.3	83.2	86.8
Dec 2018	48.4	85.1	80.9	70.5	66.4	83.1	86.6
Jan 2019	48.3	85.0	80.8	70.5	66.2	83.0	86.8
Feb 2019	48.4	85.0	80.8	70.5	66.9	83.3	86.6
Mar 2019	48.4	84.9	80.8	70.3	66.7	83.3	86.7
Apr 2019	48.5	85.0	80.9	70.4	66.8	82.9	86.6
May 2019	48.5	85.1	80.7	70.5	66.9	82.8	86.5
Jun 2019	48.5	85.1	80.8	70.5	66.7	82.8	86.4
Jul 2019	48.5	84.9	80.7	70.7	67.2	83.0	86.5
Aug 2019	48.5	84.9	80.8	70.7	67.7	83.0	86.5
Sep 2019	48.6	84.9	80.9	71.0	67.9	82.8	86.3
Oct 2019	48.6	84.9	80.9	70.8	67.9	82.9	86.5
Nov 2019	48.6	85.0	80.9	71.0	68.4	82.8	86.6
Dec 2019	48.7	84.8	80.8	70.8	68.6	83.0	86.7
Jan 2020	48.6	84.9	80.9	71.1	68.2	82.8	86.6
Feb 2020	48.7	84.9	81.0	71.1	67.9	83.0	86.5
Mar 2020	48.6	84.7	81.0	71.0	68.1	82.5	86.6
Apr 2020	47.6	85.0	80.9	71.3	67.7	82.6	86.0
May 2020	47.6	84.7	80.7	71.9	67.7	82.8	85.8
Jun 2020	48.1	84.6	80.7	72.3	67.9	83.1	85.8
Jul 2020	48.2	84.6	80.5	71.8	68.2	83.3	85.7
Aug 2020	48.3	84.5	80.7	71.8	68.1	83.4	85.7
Sep 2020	48.3	84.4	80.3	71.8	68.0	83.4	85.6
Oct 2020	48.3	84.3	80.2	71.7	68.0	83.5	85.6
Nov 2020	48.4	84.3	80.0	71.7	68.0	83.2	85.6
Dec 2020	48.3	84.3	80.2	71.9	67.8	83.4	85.5
Jan 2021	48.3	84.2	80.2	72.1	68.0	83.5	85.4
Feb 2021	48.4	84.1	80.2	71.8	68.4	83.5	85.6
Mar 2021	48.3	83.9	79.9	71.9	68.2	83.2	85.7
Apr 2021	48.4	84.3	79.8	72.0	68.1	82.9	85.7
May 2021	48.4	84.4	79.8	71.9	69.1	82.9	85.4
Jun 2021	48.4	84.3	79.8	71.6	68.3	82.8	84.4
Jul 2021	48.3	84.2	79.8	71.9	68.8	82.8	84.7
Aug 2021	48.4	84.3	79.6	71.8	68.1	82.7	84.9
Sep 2021	48.4	84.3	79.5	71.9	68.4	82.6	84.8
Oct 2021	48.3	84.1	79.5	71.9	69.2	82.4	85.0
Nov 2021	48.3	84.1	79.6	72.0	69.7	82.3	84.9
Dec 2021	48.3	84.0	79.1	72.0	69.3	82.1	84.7
Jan 2022	48.3	83.9	79.0	72.1	69.5	81.9	84.5
Feb 2022	48.3	83.7	79.3	72.2	70.0	82.7	84.7
Mar 2022	48.3	83.6	79.3	72.5	70.0	82.2	84.4
Apr 2022	48.3	84.0	79.1	72.1	70.2	82.3	84.5
May 2022	48.4	83.8	79.1	72.2	70.8	81.9	84.6
Jun 2022	48.4	83.8	79.1	72.1	70.0	81.9	84.3
Jul 2022	48.4	83.7	79.1	72.0	71.0	81.8	84.4
Aug 2022	48.4	83.7	78.9	72.0	71.9	81.8	84.5
Sep 2022	48.4	83.7	78.9	71.9	71.8	82.1	84.4
Oct 2022	48.3	83.7	78.8	72.0	71.7	82.0	84.3
Nov 2022	48.4	83.7	78.7	71.9	71.5	81.6	84.2
Dec 2022	48.4	83.7	78.9	71.6	71.7	81.3	84.3
Jan 2023	48.4	83.6	78.8	71.9	71.6	81.2	84.3
Feb 2023	48.3	83.6	78.7	71.8	71.3	81.1	84.2
Mar 2023	48.3	83.6	78.7	71.8	71.7	81.2	84.2
Apr 2023	48.3	83.5	78.9	71.8	71.3	81.0	84.1
May 2023	48.4	83.4	78.7	71.6	71.0	81.2	84.2
Jun 2023	48.4	83.5	78.5	71.4	71.2	81.1	84.1
Jul 2023	48.4	83.5	78.7	71.3	71.4	81.0	83.9
Aug 2023	48.4	83.2	78.6	71.1	71.9	81.0	83.9
Sep 2023	48.4	83.2	78.5	70.9	72.2	81.0	84.1
Oct 2023	48.4	83.3	78.6	70.9	72.0	81.2	84.0
Nov 2023	48.4	82.9	78.1	70.8	72.4	81.1	83.8
Dec 2023	48.4	82.9	78.2	70.8	72.3	80.9	83.7
Jan 2024	48.4	82.9	78.2	70.8	71.9	80.6	83.6
Feb 2024	48.4	83.0	78.1	70.6	71.8	80.5	83.5
Mar 2024	48.4	82.7	78.0	70.6	71.7	80.6	83.7
Apr 2024	48.4	82.9	77.8	70.7	71.6	80.3	83.5
May 2024	48.3	82.8	77.6	70.8	72.0	80.3	83.4
Jun 2024	48.3	82.8	77.5	71.0	72.6	80.3	83.6
Jul 2024	48.3	82.8	77.4	70.9	73.0	80.4	83.4

Women accounted for a majority of jobholders in all care-related industries

In July 2024, the share of jobs held by women ranged from 83.4 percent in home health care services to 70.9 percent in residential disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities. By contrast, 48.3 percent of private-sector jobs were held by women.

In most care-related industries, the share has trended down since 1990, when comparable data were first available. The share has declined most for home health care services (down 8.9 percentage points from 1990 to 2024). For the private sector overall, the share has risen by 2.7 percentage points over the same period.

View Chart Data

Indexes of employment in care-related industries, January 2013–July 2024, seasonally adjusted
Month	Skilled nursing care facilities	Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	Other residential care facilities	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	Home health care services
Jan 2013	104.4	82.7	90.8	95.5	62.8	78.3
Feb 2013	104.3	83.0	90.8	96.2	63.2	78.6
Mar 2013	104.5	83.3	91.0	96.2	63.6	78.7
Apr 2013	104.4	83.5	91.1	96.5	64.7	79.1
May 2013	104.3	83.8	91.5	96.3	64.9	79.3
Jun 2013	104.2	84.3	91.2	97.0	65.3	79.5
Jul 2013	104.0	84.4	91.7	96.1	64.6	79.7
Aug 2013	104.6	84.7	91.6	96.1	65.5	80.2
Sep 2013	103.9	85.0	91.6	96.2	66.0	80.2
Oct 2013	104.0	85.1	91.8	96.2	65.9	80.1
Nov 2013	104.0	85.5	92.0	96.2	66.5	80.2
Dec 2013	103.8	86.1	92.3	96.2	66.6	80.3
Jan 2014	103.9	85.9	92.4	96.3	67.4	80.4
Feb 2014	104.0	86.1	92.5	95.5	67.9	80.4
Mar 2014	104.0	86.2	92.7	95.3	68.3	80.5
Apr 2014	104.1	86.4	92.6	95.9	68.3	80.6
May 2014	104.2	86.5	92.7	96.5	68.8	81.0
Jun 2014	104.2	85.9	93.1	96.7	69.2	81.4
Jul 2014	104.0	86.3	92.9	97.0	70.0	81.6
Aug 2014	104.0	86.7	92.8	97.5	70.4	81.8
Sep 2014	103.9	86.8	93.1	98.0	70.8	82.2
Oct 2014	103.9	87.2	93.1	98.7	71.2	82.6
Nov 2014	103.9	87.3	93.1	98.9	71.7	83.2
Dec 2014	103.8	87.8	93.2	98.4	72.1	83.5
Jan 2015	104.1	88.5	93.1	98.1	72.7	83.5
Feb 2015	104.0	88.4	93.1	98.5	73.0	83.8
Mar 2015	103.8	88.6	93.0	98.4	73.3	84.1
Apr 2015	103.9	89.0	93.2	98.6	74.6	84.2
May 2015	103.7	89.4	93.1	98.3	74.9	84.5
Jun 2015	103.7	89.6	93.2	97.9	74.9	84.9
Jul 2015	103.8	89.9	93.3	98.4	75.1	85.1
Aug 2015	103.9	90.1	93.4	98.3	75.7	85.5
Sep 2015	104.0	90.4	93.6	98.2	76.0	85.5
Oct 2015	103.9	90.4	93.6	97.8	76.5	85.9
Nov 2015	104.0	90.6	93.8	97.9	77.0	86.2
Dec 2015	103.8	90.3	93.7	98.5	77.4	86.3
Jan 2016	103.6	90.8	94.0	98.5	77.2	86.8
Feb 2016	103.2	91.2	94.3	99.0	77.4	87.1
Mar 2016	103.4	91.3	94.5	99.0	77.6	87.4
Apr 2016	103.3	91.5	94.5	98.5	78.0	87.7
May 2016	103.4	91.5	94.7	99.5	78.0	88.0
Jun 2016	103.6	91.8	94.7	99.8	78.5	88.3
Jul 2016	103.9	92.3	94.5	100.1	78.9	88.3
Aug 2016	103.3	92.5	94.9	99.3	79.7	88.6
Sep 2016	103.6	92.2	95.1	100.4	80.2	89.1
Oct 2016	103.3	92.5	95.2	100.9	80.6	89.3
Nov 2016	103.2	92.8	95.3	100.8	80.7	89.4
Dec 2016	103.4	93.3	95.6	100.6	81.3	89.9
Jan 2017	103.2	93.4	96.0	100.5	81.6	90.1
Feb 2017	103.1	93.7	96.2	100.6	81.9	90.3
Mar 2017	103.0	93.9	96.4	100.5	82.1	90.5
Apr 2017	102.9	94.1	96.8	101.2	82.6	91.0
May 2017	102.8	94.4	97.1	100.6	83.1	91.3
Jun 2017	102.6	94.6	97.0	102.0	83.3	91.7
Jul 2017	102.5	94.7	97.4	101.7	83.8	92.4
Aug 2017	102.7	95.0	97.4	101.6	83.8	92.5
Sep 2017	102.1	95.1	97.5	100.0	84.0	92.8
Oct 2017	102.0	95.2	97.5	99.6	84.4	93.1
Nov 2017	101.9	95.5	98.2	100.0	84.8	93.1
Dec 2017	101.7	95.6	98.6	99.7	85.0	93.2
Jan 2018	101.8	95.8	98.8	100.0	86.5	93.5
Feb 2018	101.7	95.9	98.9	99.3	87.1	94.1
Mar 2018	101.5	96.2	98.4	100.0	87.7	94.2
Apr 2018	101.4	96.2	98.6	100.1	87.8	94.3
May 2018	101.4	96.5	98.6	100.5	88.2	94.8
Jun 2018	101.1	96.9	98.8	98.7	88.7	94.8
Jul 2018	100.9	97.1	98.5	98.9	89.3	95.0
Aug 2018	100.8	97.1	99.0	99.2	89.8	95.2
Sep 2018	100.8	97.4	98.9	99.2	90.2	95.3
Oct 2018	100.9	97.7	98.9	99.3	90.6	95.4
Nov 2018	100.9	97.6	98.7	99.0	91.0	95.4
Dec 2018	101.1	97.6	99.1	99.4	91.5	96.2
Jan 2019	100.8	97.9	98.8	99.9	91.8	96.7
Feb 2019	100.8	98.0	98.9	100.1	92.2	97.0
Mar 2019	101.0	98.2	99.4	100.0	92.7	97.5
Apr 2019	100.8	98.8	99.4	99.3	94.3	97.9
May 2019	100.7	99.0	99.6	99.2	94.7	98.0
Jun 2019	100.6	99.1	99.6	99.1	95.2	98.1
Jul 2019	100.6	99.4	99.9	99.2	95.5	98.4
Aug 2019	100.5	99.6	99.6	99.5	96.7	98.6
Sep 2019	100.5	99.7	99.5	99.8	96.8	98.7
Oct 2019	100.2	100.2	99.9	99.8	97.2	98.8
Nov 2019	100.2	100.2	99.9	99.9	98.0	99.0
Dec 2019	99.7	100.3	99.8	99.9	98.5	99.3
Jan 2020	99.8	100.1	100.0	100.8	99.4	99.6
Feb 2020	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Mar 2020	99.7	99.8	100.0	99.6	99.9	99.7
Apr 2020	96.7	95.8	94.3	95.9	91.1	92.9
May 2020	94.9	95.1	93.4	96.0	92.2	93.2
Jun 2020	93.7	94.8	93.6	96.4	93.4	94.2
Jul 2020	92.7	94.3	94.2	96.2	94.4	95.1
Aug 2020	92.1	93.6	94.3	95.4	95.2	95.9
Sep 2020	91.7	93.8	94.9	95.4	95.8	96.6
Oct 2020	91.3	93.7	95.0	95.4	96.7	97.1
Nov 2020	90.8	93.7	94.9	94.9	97.4	97.5
Dec 2020	90.4	93.2	94.7	94.7	97.4	97.7
Jan 2021	89.2	92.7	94.1	94.1	97.7	97.2
Feb 2021	88.7	92.3	94.6	94.0	98.0	97.5
Mar 2021	88.5	92.1	94.6	93.7	98.8	97.6
Apr 2021	87.3	92.2	94.2	93.6	99.5	97.4
May 2021	87.0	92.0	93.7	93.5	99.6	97.8
Jun 2021	86.5	91.9	93.4	92.9	99.8	97.2
Jul 2021	86.4	91.8	92.6	91.2	100.1	97.0
Aug 2021	86.0	91.6	92.5	91.6	100.2	96.5
Sep 2021	84.8	90.0	92.0	91.5	100.5	96.7
Oct 2021	85.2	89.7	91.7	90.8	100.8	97.6
Nov 2021	85.0	89.7	91.9	91.1	101.1	97.2
Dec 2021	84.8	90.1	92.0	91.2	101.6	97.1
Jan 2022	84.7	89.2	91.6	91.2	100.5	97.2
Feb 2022	84.6	90.0	92.0	91.5	101.3	97.9
Mar 2022	84.5	90.4	91.7	91.5	102.0	98.1
Apr 2022	84.5	90.4	92.3	91.3	102.2	98.7
May 2022	84.8	91.2	92.7	91.0	102.9	98.8
Jun 2022	85.0	91.6	93.0	91.4	103.4	99.2
Jul 2022	85.3	92.1	93.7	91.8	104.1	99.3
Aug 2022	85.5	92.5	94.4	92.6	104.6	99.5
Sep 2022	85.9	93.0	94.8	92.4	105.3	100.0
Oct 2022	86.4	93.4	95.2	92.8	105.6	100.4
Nov 2022	86.5	93.9	95.3	93.3	106.6	100.9
Dec 2022	86.8	93.9	95.7	93.5	107.4	101.6
Jan 2023	87.3	94.6	96.0	94.0	108.0	102.0
Feb 2023	87.7	95.2	96.1	94.0	108.5	102.6
Mar 2023	88.1	95.4	96.1	94.4	109.0	103.4
Apr 2023	88.3	95.6	96.6	94.6	109.7	103.7
May 2023	88.6	95.8	97.2	94.9	110.3	104.3
Jun 2023	89.0	96.0	97.7	95.0	111.0	104.9
Jul 2023	89.4	97.5	98.2	94.9	111.7	105.6
Aug 2023	90.1	97.8	98.6	94.6	112.6	106.2
Sep 2023	90.1	97.8	99.2	95.2	113.5	106.8
Oct 2023	90.6	98.3	99.4	95.4	114.1	107.2
Nov 2023	91.0	99.0	100.1	95.4	114.7	107.8
Dec 2023	91.0	98.7	100.6	95.7	115.5	108.7
Jan 2024	91.4	99.2	100.8	96.4	115.9	109.9
Feb 2024	91.6	99.2	101.6	96.4	116.7	110.9
Mar 2024	92.1	99.7	102.0	97.6	117.1	111.7
Apr 2024	92.4	99.7	102.4	98.5	118.5	112.4
May 2024	92.4	100.4	102.9	98.3	119.2	113.7
Jun 2024	92.5	100.4	103.1	100.9	120.4	113.5
Jul 2024	92.7	100.7	103.5	100.2	121.0	114.8

Home and community-based care industries had steep job losses at the onset of the pandemic

Sharp employment declines at the onset of the pandemic occurred in home and community-based care industries. In March and April of 2020, services for the elderly and people with disabilities lost 8.9 percent of its jobs, and home health care services lost 7.1 percent. By July 2024, employment for both industries was well above their February 2020 levels (+21.0 percent and +14.8 percent, respectively).

Institution-based care industries had smaller job losses in March and April of 2020, but their employment continued to trend down for more than a year. By March 2022, skilled nursing care facilities had lost 15.5 percent of its February 2020 employment level. By July 2024, employment in the industry was 7.3 percent lower than prior to the pandemic.

View Chart Data

Average weekly hours, January 2013–July 2024
Month	Total private	Skilled nursing care facilities	Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	Other residential care facilities	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	Home health care services
Jan 2013	34.4	32.5	31.7	33.9	35.6	28.7	29.3
Feb 2013	34.5	32.6	31.5	33.9	35.5	28.8	29.4
Mar 2013	34.5	32.5	31.4	34.0	35.3	28.6	29.4
Apr 2013	34.4	32.5	31.4	33.8	35.5	28.4	29.3
May 2013	34.5	32.5	31.3	33.8	35.4	28.3	29.3
Jun 2013	34.5	32.7	31.3	33.8	35.2	28.3	29.3
Jul 2013	34.4	32.5	31.4	33.7	35.2	28.4	29.3
Aug 2013	34.5	32.6	31.4	33.9	35.6	28.3	29.2
Sep 2013	34.4	32.6	31.4	33.8	35.4	28.2	29.1
Oct 2013	34.4	32.6	31.4	33.9	35.3	28.0	29.1
Nov 2013	34.4	32.6	31.4	33.8	35.2	28.0	29.1
Dec 2013	34.3	32.6	31.6	33.8	35.1	27.8	28.8
Jan 2014	34.4	32.6	31.4	33.8	34.9	27.7	28.9
Feb 2014	34.3	32.6	31.3	33.8	34.9	27.7	28.7
Mar 2014	34.5	32.7	31.4	33.8	34.9	27.8	28.8
Apr 2014	34.5	32.6	31.6	33.8	34.7	27.8	28.8
May 2014	34.5	32.7	31.5	33.8	34.4	27.9	28.6
Jun 2014	34.5	32.7	31.5	33.6	34.5	27.8	28.5
Jul 2014	34.5	32.8	31.3	33.8	34.5	27.6	28.5
Aug 2014	34.6	32.9	31.4	33.9	34.1	28.0	28.7
Sep 2014	34.5	32.9	31.3	33.8	34.1	27.6	28.7
Oct 2014	34.5	33.0	31.3	34.0	34.0	27.8	28.7
Nov 2014	34.6	33.1	31.2	34.1	34.3	27.9	28.6
Dec 2014	34.6	33.1	30.9	34.2	34.1	27.9	28.5
Jan 2015	34.5	33.2	31.2	34.1	34.2	27.8	28.6
Feb 2015	34.6	33.1	31.4	34.2	34.1	27.8	28.7
Mar 2015	34.5	33.1	31.5	34.3	34.1	27.8	28.5
Apr 2015	34.5	33.2	31.5	34.4	34.2	27.7	28.5
May 2015	34.5	33.1	31.6	34.4	34.7	27.8	28.7
Jun 2015	34.5	33.0	31.6	34.4	34.3	27.9	28.5
Jul 2015	34.5	33.0	31.8	34.5	34.4	27.9	28.5
Aug 2015	34.6	33.2	31.8	34.5	34.5	28.0	28.5
Sep 2015	34.5	33.4	31.8	34.6	34.4	27.9	28.4
Oct 2015	34.5	33.0	31.8	34.6	34.8	28.1	28.3
Nov 2015	34.5	33.0	31.8	34.8	34.3	27.8	28.3
Dec 2015	34.5	32.9	30.3	34.7	34.3	27.9	28.4
Jan 2016	34.6	33.0	31.7	34.8	34.5	28.1	28.4
Feb 2016	34.4	33.0	31.9	34.9	34.8	27.7	28.2
Mar 2016	34.4	33.1	32.0	34.6	34.6	27.9	28.3
Apr 2016	34.4	33.0	32.0	34.8	34.8	27.9	28.3
May 2016	34.4	33.0	32.2	34.9	35.1	27.9	28.4
Jun 2016	34.4	32.9	32.5	35.0	35.0	28.0	28.5
Jul 2016	34.4	32.9	32.9	35.1	34.8	28.0	28.4
Aug 2016	34.3	32.8	32.9	35.1	34.8	27.9	28.6
Sep 2016	34.4	32.8	33.1	35.1	34.6	28.0	28.7
Oct 2016	34.4	32.8	33.1	35.1	34.5	27.9	28.7
Nov 2016	34.3	32.7	33.2	35.0	34.6	28.0	28.6
Dec 2016	34.4	32.6	33.4	35.1	34.8	27.7	28.9
Jan 2017	34.4	32.7	33.4	34.9	34.5	27.9	28.9
Feb 2017	34.3	32.5	33.3	35.0	34.4	28.2	29.0
Mar 2017	34.3	32.4	33.2	35.0	34.7	28.0	28.7
Apr 2017	34.4	32.5	33.3	34.8	34.8	28.1	28.8
May 2017	34.4	32.5	33.0	34.7	34.3	28.2	28.8
Jun 2017	34.4	32.5	32.9	34.7	34.2	28.2	28.7
Jul 2017	34.4	32.5	33.0	34.7	34.3	28.1	28.7
Aug 2017	34.4	32.5	32.9	34.7	34.1	28.2	28.5
Sep 2017	34.3	32.6	32.8	34.6	34.4	28.3	28.5
Oct 2017	34.4	32.7	33.0	34.5	34.7	28.3	28.7
Nov 2017	34.5	33.1	33.2	34.8	34.5	28.2	28.7
Dec 2017	34.4	33.0	33.0	34.6	34.8	28.4	28.9
Jan 2018	34.4	33.0	33.1	34.7	34.5	28.2	28.9
Feb 2018	34.5	33.0	33.1	34.5	34.4	28.2	28.9
Mar 2018	34.5	33.0	32.9	34.7	34.4	28.1	29.0
Apr 2018	34.5	33.0	32.9	34.7	34.2	28.0	29.0
May 2018	34.5	32.9	33.1	34.7	34.5	27.9	29.1
Jun 2018	34.6	33.0	33.1	34.6	34.5	27.9	29.1
Jul 2018	34.5	33.1	33.1	34.7	34.7	27.9	29.1
Aug 2018	34.5	33.2	33.1	34.7	34.9	27.9	29.2
Sep 2018	34.4	33.2	33.1	34.6	35.1	27.7	29.2
Oct 2018	34.5	32.9	32.9	34.7	34.9	27.8	29.1
Nov 2018	34.4	33.1	33.0	35.1	35.2	27.7	29.1
Dec 2018	34.5	33.0	32.8	34.7	35.2	28.2	28.9
Jan 2019	34.5	33.1	32.9	34.7	35.4	28.2	28.7
Feb 2019	34.4	33.1	32.8	34.7	35.4	28.4	28.8
Mar 2019	34.5	33.0	32.9	34.7	35.4	28.4	28.8
Apr 2019	34.4	33.0	32.7	34.8	35.5	28.5	28.7
May 2019	34.4	33.0	32.7	34.9	35.2	28.5	28.6
Jun 2019	34.4	33.0	32.7	35.0	35.4	28.4	28.7
Jul 2019	34.4	32.9	32.7	35.0	35.5	28.5	28.6
Aug 2019	34.4	33.0	32.7	35.0	35.4	28.4	28.4
Sep 2019	34.4	32.9	32.7	35.1	35.3	28.5	28.3
Oct 2019	34.3	33.0	32.9	35.0	35.5	28.5	28.3
Nov 2019	34.3	32.9	32.7	35.0	35.7	28.5	28.4
Dec 2019	34.3	33.0	32.9	35.1	35.3	28.6	28.3
Jan 2020	34.3	32.9	32.7	35.1	34.9	28.5	28.3
Feb 2020	34.3	33.0	32.7	35.2	35.3	28.6	28.4
Mar 2020	34.0	33.0	32.7	35.1	35.1	28.3	28.2
Apr 2020	34.2	33.4	33.8	35.7	35.7	29.5	29.1
May 2020	34.7	33.4	33.7	35.7	35.4	29.4	29.3
Jun 2020	34.6	33.1	33.6	35.5	35.3	29.4	29.2
Jul 2020	34.6	33.3	33.4	35.8	34.4	29.3	29.2
Aug 2020	34.7	33.5	33.6	36.1	35.6	29.1	29.0
Sep 2020	34.8	33.4	33.8	36.4	35.5	29.3	29.2
Oct 2020	34.9	33.3	33.8	36.3	35.6	29.3	29.2
Nov 2020	34.8	33.4	33.7	36.5	35.9	29.2	28.8
Dec 2020	34.8	33.3	33.7	36.3	35.9	29.2	28.7
Jan 2021	34.9	33.5	33.6	36.6	36.2	29.3	29.0
Feb 2021	34.6	33.3	33.7	36.7	36.6	28.9	28.8
Mar 2021	35.0	33.2	33.8	36.4	36.7	28.9	29.1
Apr 2021	35.0	33.1	33.5	36.5	36.9	28.9	29.0
May 2021	34.9	33.3	33.5	36.6	36.9	28.9	28.9
Jun 2021	34.8	33.4	33.5	36.7	36.6	28.8	29.2
Jul 2021	34.9	33.4	33.6	36.6	36.5	28.8	29.2
Aug 2021	34.7	33.3	33.1	36.6	35.8	29.0	29.2
Sep 2021	34.8	33.3	33.2	36.6	36.2	29.1	29.1
Oct 2021	34.7	33.3	33.1	36.5	36.3	29.1	29.1
Nov 2021	34.8	33.3	33.2	36.5	36.1	29.3	29.1
Dec 2021	34.8	33.2	33.4	36.4	36.2	29.4	29.4
Jan 2022	34.5	32.7	33.1	36.4	35.9	29.4	29.4
Feb 2022	34.7	33.4	33.5	36.5	36.0	29.5	29.6
Mar 2022	34.7	33.2	33.4	36.5	36.3	29.6	29.4
Apr 2022	34.7	33.2	33.5	36.6	35.7	29.6	29.3
May 2022	34.6	33.1	33.2	36.5	35.5	29.6	29.5
Jun 2022	34.6	33.1	33.2	36.5	36.4	29.7	29.2
Jul 2022	34.6	33.0	33.1	36.4	36.0	29.7	29.2
Aug 2022	34.5	33.1	32.9	36.1	36.2	29.6	29.3
Sep 2022	34.6	33.0	32.9	36.2	36.5	29.5	29.4
Oct 2022	34.6	32.8	32.9	36.3	36.3	29.4	29.4
Nov 2022	34.5	32.9	32.8	36.3	36.6	29.3	29.5
Dec 2022	34.4	33.0	32.6	36.3	36.6	29.2	29.4
Jan 2023	34.6	32.9	32.7	36.4	36.7	29.4	30.1
Feb 2023	34.5	32.9	32.5	36.3	36.4	29.2	29.8
Mar 2023	34.4	32.9	32.5	36.4	36.5	29.3	29.6
Apr 2023	34.3	32.9	32.4	36.3	36.7	29.4	29.7
May 2023	34.4	32.9	32.6	36.2	37.3	29.4	29.6
Jun 2023	34.4	32.7	32.6	36.1	37.4	29.3	29.6
Jul 2023	34.3	32.6	32.3	36.1	37.2	29.4	29.7
Aug 2023	34.4	32.6	32.3	36.1	37.4	29.4	29.6
Sep 2023	34.4	32.5	32.2	36.0	37.3	29.5	29.3
Oct 2023	34.3	32.5	32.1	36.0	37.4	29.5	29.5
Nov 2023	34.4	32.8	31.9	36.4	37.3	29.2	29.2
Dec 2023	34.4	32.7	32.0	36.5	37.2	29.3	29.3
Jan 2024	34.2	32.6	32.1	36.3	37.8	29.5	29.2
Feb 2024	34.3	32.6	32.2	36.0	37.2	29.5	29.2
Mar 2024	34.4	32.6	32.2	36.0	37.2	29.5	29.1
Apr 2024	34.3	32.6	32.3	35.7	37.3	29.5	29.1
May 2024	34.3	32.6	32.2	35.7	37.4	29.5	28.9
Jun 2024	34.3	32.6	32.3	35.6	37.0	29.4	28.9
Jul 2024	34.2	32.8	32.4	35.6	37.9	29.4	29.0

Average weekly hours lowest in home and community-based care industries

In general, average weekly hours were lowest in industries providing care in home and community-based settings. In July 2024, the average workweek was 29.0 hours for private-sector employees in home health care services and 29.4 hours in services for the elderly and people with disabilities.

Hours were generally highest in other residential care facilities and in residential disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities. In July 2024, the average workweek in these two industries was 37.9 hours and 35.6 hours, respectively.

View Chart Data

Average annual wages per employee, 2023
Industry	Average annual wages
United States, total	72,608
Skilled nursing care facilities	47,034
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	38,417
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	45,176
Other residential care facilities	45,415
Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	26,496
Home health care services	39,780

Average annual wages lowest in services for the elderly and people with disabilities

In 2023, average annual wages per employee were lower for all care-related industries than the private-sector average of $72,608, continuing a long-term pattern. Annual average wages were lowest in services for the elderly and people with disabilities, at $26,496. At $47,034, they were highest in skilled nursing care facilities.

Average annual wages per employee by state, 2023

Select a map to display:

View Chart Data

Average annual wages per employee by state, 2023
State	Total private	Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	Home health care services	Skilled nursing care facilities	Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	Other residential care facilities
United States	72,608	26,496	39,780	47,034	38,417	45,176	45,415
Alabama	58,993	20,843	58,380	38,075	32,208	34,807	35,240
Alaska	68,272	32,919	30,612	49,281	37,221	46,871	39,529
Arizona	66,891	28,534	40,723	51,693	40,206	47,320	43,763
Arkansas	55,945	25,732	43,448	37,666	32,397	36,885	41,289
California	87,366	22,904	49,555	54,455	43,980	49,295	48,083
Colorado	78,321	30,656	47,953	50,746	42,227	50,574	48,885
Connecticut	84,948	29,006	57,204	53,039	41,620	46,161	51,889
Delaware	69,900	26,780	49,397	46,910	42,451	49,261	42,665
District of Columbia	112,048	49,077	47,598	58,901	50,590	52,511	50,137
Florida	66,275	30,884	50,327	45,021	37,151	48,450	41,498
Georgia	68,518	27,682	40,483	45,012	34,088	45,550	41,749
Hawaii	61,894	21,680	45,087	53,627	44,706	—	—
Idaho	56,773	27,272	28,659	46,417	33,991	37,121	38,265
Illinois	75,626	23,462	38,772	45,299	38,170	44,276	46,214
Indiana	60,119	27,747	43,230	43,820	39,430	44,177	44,012
Iowa	59,542	21,394	49,639	39,883	36,077	41,994	41,224
Kansas	59,778	22,358	42,369	39,504	35,598	40,717	40,951
Kentucky	58,380	29,228	59,542	41,686	32,383	44,766	46,202
Louisiana	59,447	24,249	41,619	38,828	32,817	36,293	41,058
Maine	60,497	31,752	50,119	46,715	39,768	43,959	42,738
Maryland	73,174	34,663	42,972	54,100	42,941	46,489	49,436
Massachusetts	93,022	28,237	51,090	57,367	43,472	54,131	50,282
Michigan	66,007	25,407	41,298	45,465	35,150	41,756	37,127
Minnesota	72,194	28,079	37,047	43,352	36,949	42,867	37,764
Mississippi	48,360	21,674	50,860	38,664	27,145	32,636	34,375
Missouri	62,559	21,711	41,744	39,433	36,327	41,317	39,516
Montana	56,861	24,107	45,030	42,718	34,327	41,364	39,129
Nebraska	59,219	28,855	41,017	41,647	32,498	39,608	65,589
Nevada	62,786	21,474	56,078	51,621	37,015	43,079	44,240
New Hampshire	76,043	32,169	56,743	56,137	42,421	48,955	51,997
New Jersey	80,905	28,066	45,207	52,922	45,359	50,033	48,216
New Mexico	56,260	21,210	27,295	48,316	33,200	42,515	39,545
New York	92,037	33,749	34,044	57,388	41,190	46,695	54,921
North Carolina	66,105	25,591	38,977	44,941	34,647	36,644	35,652
North Dakota	64,672	27,224	49,716	43,928	35,784	39,143	48,928
Ohio	62,702	30,474	37,987	41,456	34,663	40,057	39,754
Oklahoma	56,014	24,826	39,649	38,116	36,205	31,618	33,549
Oregon	67,207	27,875	46,641	50,460	38,346	48,787	47,985
Pennsylvania	69,297	36,155	48,524	48,558	39,134	47,402	42,625
Rhode Island	64,337	28,604	46,000	51,364	—	43,890	—
South Carolina	57,690	20,825	37,992	43,679	34,280	36,782	33,063
South Dakota	56,557	29,716	42,568	39,215	32,496	44,911	45,680
Tennessee	65,186	27,878	54,100	45,251	36,765	45,308	44,250
Texas	73,615	20,227	27,302	43,385	36,039	42,312	52,844
Utah	63,974	24,080	47,579	41,610	27,305	38,832	58,808
Vermont	61,451	24,727	57,610	50,625	42,210	48,566	48,041
Virginia	74,269	28,360	39,590	48,561	40,311	44,329	46,439
Washington	89,956	27,239	53,715	57,483	42,664	53,708	48,886
West Virginia	55,493	20,724	43,407	45,831	37,275	37,287	40,672
Wisconsin	61,450	22,992	49,126	41,083	33,688	38,211	38,659
Wyoming	58,939	24,469	42,053	43,103	—	—	41,891
Dashes indicate data not available.

Average annual wages varied by state and industry

In all but 2 states, the care-related industry with the lowest average annual wages in 2023 was services for the elderly and people with disabilities. Average annual wages in this industry ranged from $20,227 in Texas to $49,077 in the District of Columbia.

The industry with the highest average annual wages varied by state but most often was either skilled nursing care facilities or home health care services. In all but 3 states, average annual wages for each of the care-providing industries was lower than the private-sector average for the state overall.

View Chart Data

Average establishment size, 2023 annual averages
Industry	Number of employees
Total private	11.4
Skilled nursing care facilities	71.3
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	32.8
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	18.6
Other residential care facilities	21.5
Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	2.4
Home health care services	33.0

Business establishment sizes smallest in services for the elderly and people with disabilities

Among care-related industries, services for the elderly and people with disabilities had the smallest business establishments in 2023, with an average of 2.4 employees per establishment. In this industry, many establishments consist of a single caregiver providing home-based care. By contrast, skilled nursing care facilities—which can serve hundreds of people at a time—averaged 71.3 employees per establishment, well above the private-sector average of 11.4 employees per establishment.

View Chart Data

Percent distribution of employment by occupation in health care industries, 2023
Industry	All other occupations	Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations	Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists	Food preparation and serving related occupations	Other health care occupations	Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses	Nursing assistants	Registered nurses	Home health and personal care aides
Skilled nursing care facilities	17.4	6.0	1.5	10.3	6.6	12.4	33.2	9.0	3.6
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	21.9	6.4	0.8	18.2	2.5	4.5	15.8	3.3	26.6
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	22.3	1.0	17.5	1.5	4.3	2.0	1.8	2.7	46.9
Other residential care facilities	38.9	1.1	22.4	2.0	2.3	0.8	1.6	1.9	29.0
Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	9.3	0.3	3.6	0.5	0.5	0.3	1.8	1.4	82.3
Home health care services	12.7	0.1	2.2	0.1	5.6	4.9	5.1	11.2	58.1

Home and community-based care industries had higher shares of health care occupations

In the two home and community-based care industries, a majority of jobs in 2023 were in health care occupations—86.3 percent of jobs in services for the elderly and people with disabilities and 84.9 percent in home health care services. The largest occupation was home health and personal care aides, which accounted for 82.3 percent of jobs in services for the elderly and people with disabilities and 58.1 percent of jobs in home health care services.

Institution-based care industries had smaller shares of jobs in health care occupations. The largest share (64.8 percent) was in skilled nursing care facilities, and the smallest (35.6 percent) was in other residential care facilities.

View Chart Data

Projected percent change in employment, 2023–33
Industry	Percent change
Total	4.0
Skilled nursing care facilities	-1.9
Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly	14.7
Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities	5.2
Other residential care facilities	1.0
Services for the elderly and persons with disabilities	26.5
Home health care services	20.0

Employment in home and community-based care industries projected to grow considerably

Employment in the two home and community-based care industries is projected to grow considerably from 2023 to 2033, much more than in industries that provide institutional care.

Employment in services for the elderly and people with disabilities is projected to grow by 26.5 percent, far above the projected growth of 4.0 percent for the nation overall. Employment in home health care services is projected to increase by 20.0 percent. The growth in these two industries is expected to be driven by the aging population and the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases.

Among institution-based care industries, employment is projected to decline by 1.9 percent in skilled nursing care facilities.

More information

Mary Dorinda Allard is an Assistant Commissioner in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics. For questions about this Spotlight, please email allard.dorinda@bls.gov.

Industries in this Spotlight are classified according to the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Data in slides 2 through 6 are from the Current Employment Statistics. Data for private-sector totals do not include the agricultural sector. Average weekly hours measure the average number of hours per worker for which pay was received, regardless of whether they worked full time or part time.

Data in slides 7 through 9 are from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). Private-sector totals include the agricultural sector. The QCEW is primarily based on quarterly unemployment insurance tax reports that nearly all employers are required to file. Thus, jobs not covered by unemployment insurance may not be included. Annual average wages include total compensation paid to an employee, such as wages, bonuses, stock options, and severance pay. Employees include those who work full time or part time.

Data in slides 10 and 11 are from the Employment Projections program. Totals include both the agricultural sector and government employment.