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Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey
HOUSEHOLD DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
QUARTERLY AVERAGES
E-2. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, sex, and age, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race,
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity,
sex, and age
2021 2022 2023 2024
4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 1st 2nd 3rd 4th

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

202,195 202,875 203,049 203,324 203,608 204,122 204,346 204,645 204,946 204,679 204,920 205,225 205,521

Civilian labor force

124,647 126,057 125,721 125,943 126,116 126,863 127,284 127,632 127,552 127,233 127,561 127,971 127,761

Participation rate

61.6 62.1 61.9 61.9 61.9 62.2 62.3 62.4 62.2 62.2 62.2 62.4 62.2

Employed

120,128 121,874 121,620 122,049 122,109 122,816 123,255 123,414 123,193 122,891 123,086 123,167 122,990

Employment-population ratio

59.4 60.1 59.9 60.0 60.0 60.2 60.3 60.3 60.1 60.0 60.1 60.0 59.8

Unemployed

4,519 4,183 4,101 3,895 4,007 4,047 4,029 4,218 4,358 4,343 4,475 4,804 4,771

Unemployment rate

3.6 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.7

Not in labor force

77,549 76,818 77,328 77,381 77,492 77,259 77,062 77,013 77,394 77,445 77,359 77,254 77,760

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,906 65,870 65,578 65,612 65,887 66,237 66,446 66,479 66,455 65,866 66,003 66,326 66,321

Participation rate

70.0 70.4 70.0 69.9 70.1 70.1 70.3 70.2 70.1 69.8 69.8 70.1 70.0

Employed

62,751 63,805 63,548 63,676 63,941 64,248 64,428 64,310 64,270 63,797 63,821 64,009 64,043

Employment-population ratio

67.6 68.2 67.8 67.9 68.1 68.0 68.1 67.9 67.7 67.6 67.5 67.6 67.6

Unemployed

2,154 2,065 2,030 1,936 1,947 1,989 2,019 2,168 2,185 2,069 2,182 2,317 2,278

Unemployment rate

3.3 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

55,090 55,320 55,303 55,446 55,340 55,708 55,982 56,300 56,095 56,392 56,443 56,649 56,463

Participation rate

56.6 57.1 57.1 57.2 57.0 57.3 57.6 57.8 57.5 57.8 57.8 57.9 57.6

Employed

53,152 53,647 53,712 53,972 53,739 54,108 54,424 54,734 54,499 54,650 54,698 54,785 54,577

Employment-population ratio

54.6 55.4 55.4 55.6 55.3 55.7 56.0 56.2 55.9 56.0 56.0 56.0 55.7

Unemployed

1,938 1,673 1,591 1,475 1,601 1,600 1,558 1,566 1,596 1,742 1,745 1,864 1,886

Unemployment rate

3.5 3.0 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,652 4,868 4,840 4,885 4,889 4,918 4,855 4,853 5,001 4,976 5,115 4,996 4,977

Participation rate

38.6 39.0 38.8 39.1 39.1 39.4 38.8 38.8 39.9 39.2 40.2 39.3 39.1

Employed

4,225 4,422 4,359 4,401 4,429 4,460 4,403 4,370 4,424 4,443 4,567 4,373 4,370

Employment-population ratio

35.0 35.5 34.9 35.2 35.4 35.7 35.2 34.9 35.3 35.0 35.9 34.4 34.4

Unemployed

427 446 481 485 460 458 452 484 577 532 547 623 607

Unemployment rate

9.2 9.2 9.9 9.9 9.4 9.3 9.3 10.0 11.5 10.7 10.7 12.5 12.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

33,724 34,004 34,081 34,171 34,270 34,519 34,613 34,715 34,821 34,848 34,949 35,054 35,161

Civilian labor force

20,542 21,070 21,286 21,223 21,354 21,894 21,781 21,808 22,054 22,133 21,994 22,045 22,003

Participation rate

60.9 62.0 62.5 62.1 62.3 63.4 62.9 62.8 63.3 63.5 62.9 62.9 62.6

Employed

19,105 19,667 20,005 19,943 20,130 20,708 20,588 20,591 20,818 20,853 20,670 20,715 20,672

Employment-population ratio

56.7 57.8 58.7 58.4 58.7 60.0 59.5 59.3 59.8 59.8 59.1 59.1 58.8

Unemployed

1,437 1,404 1,281 1,280 1,224 1,186 1,193 1,218 1,236 1,280 1,324 1,330 1,331

Unemployment rate

7.0 6.7 6.0 6.0 5.7 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.0

Not in labor force

13,183 12,933 12,795 12,948 12,916 12,625 12,832 12,906 12,767 12,715 12,955 13,009 13,158

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,457 9,802 9,944 9,811 9,901 10,223 10,051 10,155 10,207 10,303 10,206 10,288 10,268

Participation rate

66.3 67.8 68.6 67.5 68.0 69.4 68.0 68.5 68.7 69.6 68.7 69.1 68.7

Employed

8,762 9,176 9,371 9,243 9,386 9,690 9,511 9,614 9,653 9,695 9,601 9,682 9,677

Employment-population ratio

61.4 63.5 64.7 63.6 64.4 65.7 64.4 64.9 64.9 65.5 64.6 65.0 64.8

Unemployed

695 626 573 568 515 533 540 541 555 608 605 606 591

Unemployment rate

7.3 6.4 5.8 5.8 5.2 5.2 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,386 10,558 10,618 10,664 10,676 10,891 10,990 10,891 11,052 11,009 10,964 11,012 10,977

Participation rate

60.8 61.8 62.0 62.1 62.0 63.1 63.5 62.8 63.5 63.1 62.7 62.8 62.4

Employed

9,783 9,928 10,035 10,076 10,098 10,373 10,437 10,371 10,498 10,465 10,381 10,412 10,378

Employment-population ratio

57.3 58.1 58.6 58.7 58.7 60.1 60.3 59.8 60.3 60.0 59.4 59.4 59.0

Unemployed

603 630 584 588 578 518 554 520 553 543 583 600 599

Unemployment rate

5.8 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.4 4.8 5.0 4.8 5.0 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

698 710 723 748 778 779 739 762 795 822 824 745 758

Participation rate

29.3 28.7 29.2 30.1 31.2 31.0 29.2 30.0 31.1 31.6 31.5 28.4 28.8

Employed

560 563 600 624 646 645 640 605 667 693 688 620 618

Employment-population ratio

23.5 22.8 24.2 25.1 25.9 25.6 25.3 23.8 26.1 26.7 26.3 23.6 23.4

Unemployed

138 148 124 123 131 134 100 157 129 129 136 125 141

Unemployment rate

19.8 20.8 17.1 16.5 16.9 17.2 13.5 20.6 16.2 15.7 16.5 16.8 18.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

16,537 16,829 16,851 17,014 17,038 17,510 17,520 17,583 17,752 17,832 17,954 17,949 18,165

Civilian labor force

10,786 10,742 10,863 11,055 11,023 11,355 11,393 11,529 11,479 11,499 11,730 11,736 11,758

Participation rate

65.2 63.8 64.5 65.0 64.7 64.8 65.0 65.6 64.7 64.5 65.3 65.4 64.7

Employed

10,363 10,409 10,557 10,766 10,729 11,007 11,052 11,214 11,108 11,157 11,336 11,271 11,318

Employment-population ratio

62.7 61.9 62.7 63.3 63.0 62.9 63.1 63.8 62.6 62.6 63.1 62.8 62.3

Unemployed

422 333 305 289 294 347 340 315 371 342 394 465 440

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.1 2.8 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.0 3.4 4.0 3.7

Not in labor force

5,751 6,087 5,988 5,959 6,014 6,155 6,127 6,054 6,273 6,333 6,224 6,213 6,406

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population(1)

45,231 45,814 46,040 46,287 46,543 47,103 47,380 47,671 47,973 48,465 48,765 49,072 49,385

Civilian labor force

29,887 30,429 30,518 30,655 30,805 31,422 31,702 32,038 32,108 32,444 32,854 33,111 33,152

Participation rate

66.1 66.4 66.3 66.2 66.2 66.7 66.9 67.2 66.9 66.9 67.4 67.5 67.1

Employed

28,360 29,082 29,197 29,389 29,529 29,870 30,355 30,570 30,576 30,870 31,238 31,363 31,438

Employment-population ratio

62.7 63.5 63.4 63.5 63.4 63.4 64.1 64.1 63.7 63.7 64.1 63.9 63.7

Unemployed

1,527 1,347 1,321 1,266 1,276 1,552 1,348 1,467 1,532 1,574 1,616 1,747 1,715

Unemployment rate

5.1 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.1 4.9 4.3 4.6 4.8 4.8 4.9 5.3 5.2

Not in labor force

15,345 15,386 15,523 15,632 15,738 15,681 15,678 15,634 15,865 16,021 15,911 15,962 16,232

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

16,296 16,616 16,675 16,537 16,665 16,926 17,082 17,224 17,233 17,426 17,632 17,737 17,786

Participation rate

79.7 80.0 79.9 78.9 79.0 79.1 79.3 79.5 79.1 79.5 80.0 80.0 79.7

Employed

15,595 15,977 16,074 15,929 16,009 16,134 16,417 16,519 16,475 16,684 16,854 16,959 17,051

Employment-population ratio

76.3 77.0 77.1 76.0 75.9 75.4 76.2 76.3 75.6 76.2 76.5 76.5 76.4

Unemployed

701 639 601 608 656 792 665 705 758 742 778 778 735

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.9 4.7 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

12,214 12,413 12,415 12,696 12,725 13,067 13,134 13,321 13,298 13,464 13,584 13,845 13,874

Participation rate

59.0 59.6 59.3 60.4 60.2 61.2 61.2 61.7 61.2 61.2 61.3 62.1 61.9

Employed

11,570 11,844 11,868 12,229 12,257 12,470 12,618 12,759 12,746 12,839 12,987 13,144 13,147

Employment-population ratio

55.9 56.9 56.7 58.1 57.9 58.4 58.8 59.1 58.6 58.3 58.7 59.0 58.6

Unemployed

644 569 548 467 468 597 516 562 552 624 596 702 727

Unemployment rate

5.3 4.6 4.4 3.7 3.7 4.6 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.6 4.4 5.1 5.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,377 1,400 1,428 1,422 1,415 1,429 1,486 1,494 1,577 1,554 1,639 1,528 1,492

Participation rate

33.8 33.1 33.6 33.2 32.9 32.9 34.0 33.9 35.6 34.1 35.7 33.1 32.2

Employed

1,195 1,261 1,255 1,232 1,263 1,265 1,319 1,293 1,355 1,347 1,397 1,261 1,240

Employment-population ratio

29.3 29.8 29.5 28.8 29.3 29.2 30.2 29.4 30.6 29.6 30.5 27.3 26.8

Unemployed

182 139 172 190 152 164 167 200 222 207 241 267 253

Unemployment rate

13.2 9.9 12.1 13.4 10.7 11.4 11.2 13.4 14.1 13.3 14.7 17.5 16.9

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

 

Last Modified Date: January 10, 2025