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Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation and industry

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
45. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation and industry
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation and industry	2012
	Workers paid hourly rates
	Total	Below prevailing Federal minimum wage	At prevailing Federal minimum wage	Total at or below prevailing Federal minimum wage
	Total	Below prevailing Federal minimum wage	At prevailing Federal minimum wage	Number	Percent of hourly-paid workers
Total wage and salary workers	75,276	1,984	1,566	3,550	4.7

OCCUPATION
Management, professional, and related occupations	15,962	76	69	145	0.9
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	4,609	22	11	33	0.7
Management occupations	2,705	19	6	25	0.9
Business and financial operations occupations	1,904	3	5	8	0.4
Professional and related occupations	11,353	54	58	112	1.0
Computer and mathematical occupations	919	2	1	3	0.4
Architecture and engineering occupations	922	3	2	5	0.6
Life, physical, and social science occupations	419	5	0	5	1.2
Community and social service occupations	835	4	4	8	1.0
Legal occupations	350	0	2	2	0.6
Education, training, and library occupations	2,454	27	33	59	2.4
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations	791	5	4	8	1.1
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations	4,662	9	11	20	0.4
Service occupations	18,277	1,491	713	2,203	12.1
Healthcare support occupations	2,835	45	55	100	3.5
Protective service occupations	1,935	32	17	49	2.5
Food preparation and serving related occupations	6,971	1,147	408	1,554	22.3
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations	3,772	119	112	232	6.1
Personal care and service occupations	2,764	148	120	268	9.7
Sales and office occupations	20,123	223	549	773	3.8
Sales and related occupations	7,956	146	400	546	6.9
Office and administrative support occupations	12,167	77	150	227	1.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	8,217	40	39	79	1.0
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	683	21	19	40	5.9
Construction and extraction occupations	4,330	10	13	23	0.5
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	3,204	10	6	16	0.5
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	12,697	153	196	350	2.8
Production occupations	6,740	49	60	109	1.6
Transportation and material moving occupations	5,957	104	136	240	4.0

INDUSTRY
Private sector	65,927	1,893	1,484	3,377	5.1
Agriculture and related industries	775	18	17	35	4.5
Nonagricultural industries	65,152	1,875	1,467	3,342	5.1
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	538	2	2	4	0.7
Construction	4,277	14	15	28	0.7
Manufacturing	8,757	54	62	116	1.3
Durable goods	5,399	30	27	57	1.1
Nondurable goods	3,358	24	34	59	1.7
Wholesale and retail trade	12,430	173	410	583	4.7
Wholesale trade	1,653	14	8	23	1.4
Retail trade	10,776	159	402	561	5.2
Transportation and utilities	3,187	25	23	48	1.5
Transportation and warehousing	2,728	25	22	47	1.7
Utilities	459	0	1	1	0.2
Information(1)	1,190	14	21	35	2.9
Publishing, except Internet	215	3	2	5	2.5
Motion pictures and sound recording industries	173	7	15	21	12.2
Radio and television broadcasting and cable subscription programming	256	2	2	4	1.4
Telecommunications	452	1	1	2	0.4
Financial activities	3,309	19	17	37	1.1
Finance and insurance	2,332	6	8	15	0.6
Finance	1,553	4	6	10	0.7
Insurance	778	2	2	4	0.6
Real estate and rental and leasing	978	13	9	22	2.3
Professional and business services	6,130	83	67	150	2.4
Professional and technical services	2,578	19	8	27	1.0
Management, administrative, and waste services	3,552	64	59	123	3.5
Education and health services	12,908	140	190	330	2.6
Educational services	1,669	19	34	53	3.2
Health care and social assistance	11,239	121	156	277	2.5
Leisure and hospitality	9,281	1,234	585	1,819	19.6
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,362	70	46	115	8.5
Accommodation and food services	7,919	1,164	539	1,703	21.5
Accommodation	992	59	37	96	9.7
Food services and drinking places	6,927	1,105	502	1,607	23.2
Other services	3,145	117	76	193	6.1
Other services, except private households	2,630	73	61	135	5.1
Private households	515	43	15	58	11.2
Public sector	9,349	91	82	173	1.9
Federal government	1,767	9	7	16	0.9
State government	2,576	25	35	60	2.3
Local government	5,006	57	41	98	2.0
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $7.25 per hour in 2012. Data are for wage and salary workers; all self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. The data refer to a person's earnings on the sole or principal job, and pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and other non-hourly workers are not included. Hourly earnings for hourly-paid workers do not include overtime pay, commissions, or tips received. The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exceptions to the minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some survey respondents may have rounded hourly earnings to the nearest dollar and, as a result, reported hourly earnings below the minimum wage even though they earned the minimum wage or higher. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: February 5, 2013