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Labor Force Statistics from the Current Population Survey

See also PDF and XLSX versions of this table.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
45. Wage and salary workers paid hourly rates with earnings at or below the prevailing Federal minimum wage by occupation and industry
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation and industry2020
Workers paid hourly rates
TotalBelow
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
At
prevailing
Federal
minimum
wage
Total at or below prevailing
Federal minimum
wage
NumberPercent of
hourly-paid
workers

Total wage and salary workers

73,3058652471,1121.5

OCCUPATION

Management, professional, and related occupations

17,7696320830.5

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

5,354160160.3

Management occupations

3,01190100.3

Business and financial operations occupations

2,3437070.3

Professional and related occupations

12,4154720660.5

Computer and mathematical occupations

1,2061010.1

Architecture and engineering occupations

9421130.3

Life, physical, and social science occupations

4792020.4

Community and social service occupations

9723360.6

Legal occupations

3604041.1

Education, training, and library occupations

2,2962013331.4

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations

8224150.6

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations

5,339112130.2

Service occupations

16,2956601147744.8

Healthcare support occupations

3,906519601.5

Protective service occupations

1,972180190.9

Food preparation and serving related occupations

5,6755337360510.7

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations

3,2431514290.9

Personal care and service occupations

1,4994417614.1

Sales and office occupations

16,92969701390.8

Sales and related occupations

6,8494149901.3

Office and administrative support occupations

10,0802821500.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

8,438284310.4

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

67684111.6

Construction and extraction occupations

4,681140140.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

3,0816060.2

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

13,8744539850.6

Production occupations

6,1001816340.6

Transportation and material moving occupations

7,7732823500.6

INDUSTRY

Private sector

64,2488272311,0581.6

Agriculture and related industries

84792111.3

Nonagricultural industries

63,4018182291,0471.7

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

3503030.8

Construction

5,059123150.3

Manufacturing

8,2882216370.5

Durable goods

5,0701411240.5

Nondurable goods

3,21885130.4

Wholesale and retail trade

11,8465047970.8

Wholesale trade

1,5222350.3

Retail trade

10,3244844920.9

Transportation and utilities

3,826123150.4

Transportation and warehousing

3,277121130.4

Utilities

5490220.3

Information(1)

8772350.6

Publishing, except Internet

920000.0

Motion pictures and sound recording industries

1390332.2

Broadcasting (except internet)

1601010.7

Telecommunications

3641010.3

Financial activities

3,21782100.3

Finance and insurance

2,3666180.3

Finance

1,5174150.4

Insurance

8492020.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

8512130.3

Professional and business services

6,103189270.4

Professional and technical services

2,879111120.4

Management, administrative, and waste services

3,22478150.5

Education and health services

13,14695341291.0

Educational services

1,558277342.2

Health care and social assistance

11,5896927950.8

Leisure and hospitality

7,9335641036678.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,1023210423.8

Accommodation and food services

6,831532936259.1

Accommodation

66691101.5

Food services and drinking places

6,1655239361510.0

Other services

2,7533210421.5

Other services, except private households

2,279249331.4

Private households

47482102.0

Public sector

9,0573815540.6

Federal government

1,8627180.4

State government

2,782116170.6

Local government

4,413218290.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.

NOTE: The prevailing Federal minimum wage was $7.25 per hour in 2020. Data are for wage and salary workers; all self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. The data refer to a person's earnings on the sole or principal job, and pertain only to workers who are paid hourly rates. Salaried workers and other non-hourly workers are not included. Hourly earnings for hourly-paid workers do not include overtime pay, commissions, or tips received. The presence of workers with hourly earnings below the minimum wage does not necessarily indicate violation of the Fair Labor Standards Act, as there are exceptions to the minimum wage provisions of the law. In addition, some survey respondents may have rounded hourly earnings to the nearest dollar and, as a result, reported hourly earnings below the minimum wage even though they earned the minimum wage or higher. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system, derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

 

Last Modified Date: January 22, 2021