Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity : U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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(See other annual average tables or tables for other years.)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
7. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity [Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	2025
	Total	Less than a high school diploma	High school graduates, no college(1)	Some college or associate degree			Bachelor's degree and higher
				Total	Some college, no degree	Associate degree	Total(2)	Bachelor's degree only	Advanced degree
				Total	Some college, no degree	Associate degree	Total(2)	Bachelor's degree only	Total	Master's degree	Professional degree	Doctoral degree
Total, civilian noninstitutional population	233,887	19,008	64,192	57,847	32,389	25,458	92,840	56,906	35,933	26,687	3,668	5,578
Civilian labor force	148,702	9,001	36,507	36,269	19,684	16,585	66,925	40,779	26,146	19,242	2,651	4,253
Participation rate	63.6	47.4	56.9	62.7	60.8	65.1	72.1	71.7	72.8	72.1	72.3	76.2
Employed	143,595	8,454	34,953	35,029	18,934	16,094	65,159	39,648	25,511	18,734	2,599	4,178
Employment-population ratio	61.4	44.5	54.5	60.6	58.5	63.2	70.2	69.7	71.0	70.2	70.9	74.9
Unemployed	5,108	547	1,554	1,241	750	491	1,766	1,131	635	509	51	75
Unemployment rate	3.4	6.1	4.3	3.4	3.8	3.0	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	1.9	1.8
Not in labor force	85,185	10,007	27,685	21,578	12,705	8,873	25,915	16,128	9,787	7,445	1,017	1,325
Men, civilian noninstitutional population	113,400	9,873	33,220	27,136	15,700	11,436	43,170	26,737	16,433	11,371	1,961	3,102
Civilian labor force	79,215	5,809	21,954	18,721	10,585	8,136	32,731	20,493	12,238	8,494	1,447	2,297
Participation rate	69.9	58.8	66.1	69.0	67.4	71.1	75.8	76.6	74.5	74.7	73.8	74.1
Employed	76,494	5,482	21,027	18,114	10,219	7,894	31,870	19,933	11,937	8,265	1,417	2,256
Employment-population ratio	67.5	55.5	63.3	66.8	65.1	69.0	73.8	74.6	72.6	72.7	72.2	72.7
Unemployed	2,721	326	926	607	366	241	861	560	301	229	30	41
Unemployment rate	3.4	5.6	4.2	3.2	3.5	3.0	2.6	2.7	2.5	2.7	2.1	1.8
Not in labor force	34,185	4,064	11,267	8,415	5,115	3,300	10,439	6,243	4,195	2,877	514	804
Women, civilian noninstitutional population	120,487	9,135	30,971	30,711	16,688	14,023	49,670	30,170	19,500	15,316	1,707	2,477
Civilian labor force	69,488	3,192	14,553	17,548	9,098	8,450	34,194	20,286	13,908	10,748	1,204	1,956
Participation rate	57.7	34.9	47.0	57.1	54.5	60.3	68.8	67.2	71.3	70.2	70.5	79.0
Employed	67,101	2,972	13,926	16,915	8,715	8,200	33,289	19,715	13,574	10,469	1,183	1,922
Employment-population ratio	55.7	32.5	45.0	55.1	52.2	58.5	67.0	65.3	69.6	68.4	69.3	77.6
Unemployed	2,387	220	628	634	384	250	905	571	335	279	21	34
Unemployment rate	3.4	6.9	4.3	3.6	4.2	3.0	2.6	2.8	2.4	2.6	1.8	1.7
Not in labor force	51,000	5,943	16,418	13,163	7,590	5,573	15,476	9,884	5,592	4,568	503	521
White, civilian noninstitutional population	178,889	14,208	49,189	44,892	24,761	20,131	70,600	43,958	26,642	19,764	2,820	4,058
Civilian labor force	112,015	7,029	27,601	27,441	14,595	12,846	49,944	31,123	18,822	13,810	1,993	3,019
Participation rate	62.6	49.5	56.1	61.1	58.9	63.8	70.7	70.8	70.6	69.9	70.7	74.4
Employed	108,634	6,646	26,599	26,603	14,095	12,508	48,786	30,367	18,419	13,489	1,957	2,973
Employment-population ratio	60.7	46.8	54.1	59.3	56.9	62.1	69.1	69.1	69.1	68.2	69.4	73.3
Unemployed	3,380	383	1,002	838	499	338	1,158	756	403	321	36	46
Unemployment rate	3.0	5.4	3.6	3.1	3.4	2.6	2.3	2.4	2.1	2.3	1.8	1.5
Not in labor force	66,875	7,179	21,588	17,451	10,166	7,285	20,656	12,835	7,821	5,954	827	1,039
Black or African American, civilian noninstitutional population	29,975	2,743	9,860	8,397	5,057	3,340	8,975	5,618	3,357	2,635	256	466
Civilian labor force	19,491	1,095	5,780	5,730	3,379	2,350	6,886	4,294	2,592	2,015	202	375
Participation rate	65.0	39.9	58.6	68.2	66.8	70.4	76.7	76.4	77.2	76.5	78.9	80.4
Employed	18,380	986	5,373	5,422	3,185	2,237	6,599	4,092	2,507	1,953	192	363
Employment-population ratio	61.3	35.9	54.5	64.6	63.0	67.0	73.5	72.8	74.7	74.1	75.0	77.8
Unemployed	1,111	109	407	307	195	113	287	202	85	63	10	12
Unemployment rate	5.7	10.0	7.0	5.4	5.8	4.8	4.2	4.7	3.3	3.1	5.0	3.2
Not in labor force	10,484	1,648	4,080	2,667	1,677	990	2,089	1,324	765	619	54	92
Asian, civilian noninstitutional population	16,729	1,098	2,680	2,196	1,133	1,063	10,755	5,723	5,033	3,613	487	933
Civilian labor force	11,535	410	1,549	1,469	746	723	8,107	4,089	4,018	2,879	373	766
Participation rate	69.0	37.4	57.8	66.9	65.8	68.0	75.4	71.4	79.8	79.7	76.6	82.1
Employed	11,192	399	1,510	1,433	727	706	7,849	3,960	3,889	2,772	368	750
Employment-population ratio	66.9	36.4	56.4	65.2	64.2	66.4	73.0	69.2	77.3	76.7	75.6	80.4
Unemployed	344	11	39	36	19	17	258	129	129	108	5	16
Unemployment rate	3.0	2.7	2.5	2.5	2.5	2.4	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.7	1.3	2.1
Not in labor force	5,194	687	1,131	727	387	340	2,648	1,634	1,014	734	114	167
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, civilian noninstitutional population	41,093	9,108	13,494	8,704	5,025	3,679	9,788	6,737	3,051	2,266	367	419
Civilian labor force	28,896	5,336	9,312	6,452	3,680	2,772	7,795	5,323	2,472	1,841	286	346
Participation rate	70.3	58.6	69.0	74.1	73.2	75.4	79.6	79.0	81.0	81.2	78.0	82.5
Employed	27,735	5,033	8,904	6,227	3,539	2,688	7,571	5,159	2,413	1,791	281	341
Employment-population ratio	67.5	55.3	66.0	71.5	70.4	73.1	77.4	76.6	79.1	79.0	76.8	81.4
Unemployed	1,160	303	408	225	141	84	224	164	60	50	5	5
Unemployment rate	4.0	5.7	4.4	3.5	3.8	3.0	2.9	3.1	2.4	2.7	1.6	1.4
Not in labor force	12,198	3,771	4,182	2,252	1,345	906	1,993	1,414	579	425	81	73
Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor`s, master`s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Annual estimates for 2025 are 11-month averages that exclude October. (Data for October 2025 were not collected due to the federal government shutdown.) As a result, 2025 annual estimates are not strictly comparable with annual averages for other years.

Last Modified Date: February 20, 2026