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Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry

See also other file formats and annual average tables or tables for other years.)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation and industry	2022					2023
	Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)		Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)
	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed
Total wage and salary workers	141,673	14,285	10.1	16,002	11.3	144,541	14,424	10.0	16,193	11.2

OCCUPATION
Management, professional, and related occupations	59,979	6,268	10.5	7,202	12.0	62,381	6,440	10.3	7,355	11.8
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	24,013	933	3.9	1,168	4.9	25,434	1,034	4.1	1,247	4.9
Management occupations	15,693	603	3.8	747	4.8	16,626	680	4.1	816	4.9
Business and financial operations occupations	8,319	329	4.0	421	5.1	8,808	353	4.0	431	4.9
Professional and related occupations	35,966	5,335	14.8	6,034	16.8	36,947	5,406	14.6	6,109	16.5
Computer and mathematical occupations	5,948	195	3.3	248	4.2	6,361	242	3.8	299	4.7
Architecture and engineering occupations	3,335	200	6.0	231	6.9	3,510	208	5.9	256	7.3
Life, physical, and social science occupations	1,679	152	9.1	180	10.7	1,770	188	10.6	212	12.0
Community and social service occupations	2,749	436	15.9	495	18.0	2,746	391	14.2	440	16.0
Legal occupations	1,547	80	5.1	102	6.6	1,593	81	5.1	105	6.6
Education, training, and library occupations	8,976	3,027	33.7	3,347	37.3	9,202	3,005	32.7	3,355	36.5
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations	2,352	187	8.0	215	9.2	2,317	192	8.3	208	9.0
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations	9,381	1,058	11.3	1,216	13.0	9,448	1,100	11.6	1,234	13.1
Service occupations	22,968	2,293	10.0	2,502	10.9	23,587	2,162	9.2	2,410	10.2
Healthcare support occupations	4,777	395	8.3	442	9.3	4,834	369	7.6	429	8.9
Protective service occupations	3,071	1,062	34.6	1,126	36.7	3,083	985	31.9	1,057	34.3
Food preparation and serving related occupations	7,749	279	3.6	316	4.1	8,048	259	3.2	286	3.6
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations	4,595	438	9.5	484	10.5	4,635	420	9.1	488	10.5
Personal care and service occupations	2,776	118	4.3	133	4.8	2,987	128	4.3	149	5.0
Sales and office occupations	27,804	1,674	6.0	1,924	6.9	27,730	1,727	6.2	1,971	7.1
Sales and related occupations	12,183	361	3.0	434	3.6	12,226	358	2.9	440	3.6
Office and administrative support occupations	15,621	1,313	8.4	1,490	9.5	15,503	1,370	8.8	1,532	9.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	12,180	1,736	14.3	1,864	15.3	12,132	1,741	14.4	1,866	15.4
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	910	39	4.3	43	4.7	877	40	4.5	42	4.8
Construction and extraction occupations	6,831	1,120	16.4	1,190	17.4	6,916	1,124	16.3	1,196	17.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,439	577	13.0	631	14.2	4,339	577	13.3	628	14.5
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	18,742	2,315	12.4	2,510	13.4	18,712	2,353	12.6	2,590	13.8
Production occupations	7,898	903	11.4	966	12.2	7,888	916	11.6	1,035	13.1
Transportation and material moving occupations	10,844	1,412	13.0	1,544	14.2	10,823	1,438	13.3	1,555	14.4

INDUSTRY
Private sector	120,356	7,223	6.0	8,167	6.8	122,963	7,414	6.0	8,428	6.9
Agriculture and related industries	1,252	48	3.9	54	4.3	1,248	28	2.2	33	2.6
Nonagricultural industries	119,103	7,175	6.0	8,113	6.8	121,715	7,386	6.1	8,395	6.9
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	556	36	6.5	43	7.7	577	25	4.3	28	4.9
Construction	8,671	1,019	11.7	1,076	12.4	8,920	954	10.7	1,017	11.4
Manufacturing	14,577	1,139	7.8	1,254	8.6	14,922	1,181	7.9	1,353	9.1
Durable goods	9,305	741	8.0	825	8.9	9,599	772	8.0	878	9.1
Nondurable goods	5,272	398	7.5	429	8.1	5,323	409	7.7	475	8.9
Wholesale and retail trade	17,868	742	4.2	861	4.8	18,012	700	3.9	827	4.6
Wholesale trade	2,879	94	3.3	112	3.9	2,927	137	4.7	150	5.1
Retail trade	14,988	648	4.3	749	5.0	15,085	563	3.7	677	4.5
Transportation and utilities	7,564	1,148	15.2	1,220	16.1	7,624	1,256	16.5	1,337	17.5
Transportation and warehousing	6,596	958	14.5	1,020	15.5	6,495	1,031	15.9	1,103	17.0
Utilities	968	190	19.6	200	20.7	1,129	224	19.9	234	20.8
Information(3)	2,361	198	8.4	216	9.1	2,582	191	7.4	200	7.8
Publishing, except Internet	398	19	4.8	24	6.0	579	21	3.6	23	4.1
Motion pictures and sound recording industries	429	74	17.3	76	17.8	391	47	12.1	49	12.5
Broadcasting (except internet)	308	35	11.3	35	11.5	270	26	9.7	27	10.1
Telecommunications	771	64	8.3	72	9.3	884	83	9.4	88	9.9
Financial activities	9,335	169	1.8	237	2.5	9,284	161	1.7	219	2.4
Finance and insurance	7,117	90	1.3	136	1.9	7,025	95	1.3	134	1.9
Finance	4,523	59	1.3	89	2.0	4,431	55	1.2	75	1.7
Insurance	2,594	30	1.2	48	1.8	2,594	39	1.5	59	2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,219	80	3.6	100	4.5	2,259	67	3.0	85	3.8
Professional and business services	16,572	373	2.2	467	2.8	16,820	382	2.3	504	3.0
Professional and technical services	11,182	143	1.3	202	1.8	11,361	152	1.3	228	2.0
Management, administrative, and waste services	5,390	230	4.3	265	4.9	5,459	230	4.2	276	5.1
Education and health services	23,643	1,841	7.8	2,140	9.0	24,344	1,982	8.1	2,263	9.3
Educational services	4,897	606	12.4	704	14.4	5,156	666	12.9	766	14.8
Health care and social assistance	18,747	1,235	6.6	1,436	7.7	19,188	1,316	6.9	1,498	7.8
Leisure and hospitality	12,026	342	2.8	406	3.4	12,660	372	2.9	435	3.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,281	144	6.3	173	7.6	2,537	156	6.2	190	7.5
Accommodation and food services	9,745	198	2.0	233	2.4	10,123	216	2.1	245	2.4
Accommodation	1,174	81	6.9	85	7.3	1,284	95	7.4	101	7.9
Food services and drinking places	8,571	117	1.4	148	1.7	8,839	121	1.4	144	1.6
Other services(3)	5,932	168	2.8	194	3.3	5,970	182	3.0	212	3.6
Other services, except private households	5,267	165	3.1	186	3.5	5,314	172	3.2	202	3.8
Public sector	21,318	7,062	33.1	7,835	36.8	21,577	7,010	32.5	7,765	36.0
Federal government	3,989	972	24.4	1,124	28.2	4,106	1,032	25.1	1,192	29.0
State government	7,157	2,142	29.9	2,372	33.1	7,417	2,122	28.6	2,377	32.0
Local government	10,171	3,948	38.8	4,339	42.7	10,053	3,856	38.4	4,195	41.7
Footnotes (1) Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union. (2) Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract. (3) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: January 26, 2024