Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry

(See other file formats and annual average tables or tables for other years.)

HOUSEHOLD DATA
ANNUAL AVERAGES
42. Union affiliation of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and industry[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation and industry	2023					2024
	Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)		Total employed	Members of unions(1)		Represented by unions(2)
	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total employed	Total	Percent of employed	Total	Percent of employed
Total wage and salary workers	144,541	14,424	10.0	16,193	11.2	144,522	14,255	9.9	16,023	11.1

OCCUPATION
Management, professional, and related occupations	62,381	6,440	10.3	7,355	11.8	62,800	6,472	10.3	7,447	11.9
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	25,434	1,034	4.1	1,247	4.9	25,560	1,051	4.1	1,293	5.1
Management occupations	16,626	680	4.1	816	4.9	16,411	689	4.2	825	5.0
Business and financial operations occupations	8,808	353	4.0	431	4.9	9,149	362	4.0	468	5.1
Professional and related occupations	36,947	5,406	14.6	6,109	16.5	37,240	5,421	14.6	6,153	16.5
Computer and mathematical occupations	6,361	242	3.8	299	4.7	6,196	228	3.7	291	4.7
Architecture and engineering occupations	3,510	208	5.9	256	7.3	3,432	195	5.7	249	7.3
Life, physical, and social science occupations	1,770	188	10.6	212	12.0	1,733	184	10.6	201	11.6
Community and social service occupations	2,746	391	14.2	440	16.0	2,780	378	13.6	425	15.3
Legal occupations	1,593	81	5.1	105	6.6	1,550	84	5.4	108	7.0
Education, training, and library occupations	9,202	3,005	32.7	3,355	36.5	9,351	3,016	32.3	3,346	35.8
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations	2,317	192	8.3	208	9.0	2,358	152	6.5	184	7.8
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations	9,448	1,100	11.6	1,234	13.1	9,839	1,184	12.0	1,351	13.7
Service occupations	23,587	2,162	9.2	2,410	10.2	23,707	2,182	9.2	2,430	10.3
Healthcare support occupations	4,834	369	7.6	429	8.9	5,157	424	8.2	477	9.3
Protective service occupations	3,083	985	31.9	1,057	34.3	3,070	908	29.6	998	32.5
Food preparation and serving related occupations	8,048	259	3.2	286	3.6	7,860	310	3.9	353	4.5
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations	4,635	420	9.1	488	10.5	4,807	419	8.7	465	9.7
Personal care and service occupations	2,987	128	4.3	149	5.0	2,813	121	4.3	136	4.9
Sales and office occupations	27,730	1,727	6.2	1,971	7.1	27,032	1,614	6.0	1,835	6.8
Sales and related occupations	12,226	358	2.9	440	3.6	11,929	325	2.7	391	3.3
Office and administrative support occupations	15,503	1,370	8.8	1,532	9.9	15,104	1,289	8.5	1,444	9.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	12,132	1,741	14.4	1,866	15.4	12,243	1,638	13.4	1,761	14.4
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	877	40	4.5	42	4.8	881	13	1.5	13	1.5
Construction and extraction occupations	6,916	1,124	16.3	1,196	17.3	6,939	1,068	15.4	1,140	16.4
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,339	577	13.3	628	14.5	4,422	558	12.6	608	13.7
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	18,712	2,353	12.6	2,590	13.8	18,740	2,348	12.5	2,550	13.6
Production occupations	7,888	916	11.6	1,035	13.1	7,697	894	11.6	979	12.7
Transportation and material moving occupations	10,823	1,438	13.3	1,555	14.4	11,044	1,454	13.2	1,571	14.2

INDUSTRY
Private sector	122,963	7,414	6.0	8,428	6.9	122,684	7,230	5.9	8,216	6.7
Agriculture and related industries	1,248	28	2.2	33	2.6	1,287	18	1.4	19	1.5
Nonagricultural industries	121,715	7,386	6.1	8,395	6.9	121,397	7,212	5.9	8,197	6.8
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	577	25	4.3	28	4.9	538	35	6.6	40	7.5
Construction	8,920	954	10.7	1,017	11.4	8,894	916	10.3	994	11.2
Manufacturing	14,922	1,181	7.9	1,353	9.1	14,338	1,124	7.8	1,244	8.7
Durable goods	9,599	772	8.0	878	9.1	9,213	713	7.7	786	8.5
Nondurable goods	5,323	409	7.7	475	8.9	5,125	411	8.0	458	8.9
Wholesale and retail trade	18,012	700	3.9	827	4.6	17,986	731	4.1	844	4.7
Wholesale trade	2,927	137	4.7	150	5.1	2,955	136	4.6	156	5.3
Retail trade	15,085	563	3.7	677	4.5	15,031	596	4.0	687	4.6
Transportation and utilities	7,624	1,256	16.5	1,337	17.5	7,540	1,221	16.2	1,307	17.3
Transportation and warehousing	6,495	1,031	15.9	1,103	17.0	6,387	1,006	15.8	1,079	16.9
Utilities	1,129	224	19.9	234	20.8	1,153	215	18.7	229	19.8
Information(3)	2,582	191	7.4	200	7.8	2,354	156	6.6	180	7.6
Publishing, except Internet	579	21	3.6	23	4.1	503	17	3.3	17	3.4
Motion pictures and sound recording industries	391	47	12.1	49	12.5	356	30	8.4	36	10.2
Broadcasting (except internet)	270	26	9.7	27	10.1	224	20	8.8	22	9.7
Telecommunications	884	83	9.4	88	9.9	770	69	9.0	83	10.7
Financial activities	9,284	161	1.7	219	2.4	9,231	122	1.3	170	1.8
Finance and insurance	7,025	95	1.3	134	1.9	7,149	67	0.9	102	1.4
Finance	4,431	55	1.2	75	1.7	4,540	37	0.8	65	1.4
Insurance	2,594	39	1.5	59	2.3	2,609	31	1.2	37	1.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,259	67	3.0	85	3.8	2,082	55	2.6	68	3.3
Professional and business services	16,820	382	2.3	504	3.0	17,247	348	2.0	476	2.8
Professional and technical services	11,361	152	1.3	228	2.0	11,304	131	1.2	211	1.9
Management, administrative, and waste services	5,459	230	4.2	276	5.1	5,943	218	3.7	265	4.5
Education and health services	24,344	1,982	8.1	2,263	9.3	24,877	2,027	8.1	2,333	9.4
Educational services	5,156	666	12.9	766	14.8	5,207	689	13.2	805	15.5
Health care and social assistance	19,188	1,316	6.9	1,498	7.8	19,670	1,337	6.8	1,528	7.8
Leisure and hospitality	12,660	372	2.9	435	3.4	12,458	370	3.0	425	3.4
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,537	156	6.2	190	7.5	2,467	146	5.9	167	6.8
Accommodation and food services	10,123	216	2.1	245	2.4	9,991	224	2.2	258	2.6
Accommodation	1,284	95	7.4	101	7.9	1,155	84	7.2	93	8.0
Food services and drinking places	8,839	121	1.4	144	1.6	8,836	140	1.6	165	1.9
Other services(3)	5,970	182	3.0	212	3.6	5,933	160	2.7	184	3.1
Other services, except private households	5,314	172	3.2	202	3.8	5,301	152	2.9	172	3.3
Public sector	21,577	7,010	32.5	7,765	36.0	21,838	7,025	32.2	7,807	35.7
Federal government	4,106	1,032	25.1	1,192	29.0	4,170	1,056	25.3	1,246	29.9
State government	7,417	2,122	28.6	2,377	32.0	7,524	2,096	27.9	2,364	31.4
Local government	10,053	3,856	38.4	4,195	41.7	10,144	3,873	38.2	4,197	41.4
Footnotes (1) Data refer to members of a labor union or an employee association similar to a union. (2) Data refer to both union members and workers who report no union affiliation but whose jobs are covered by a union or an employee association contract. (3) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data refer to the sole or principal job of full- and part-time wage and salary workers. All self-employed workers are excluded, both those with incorporated businesses and those with unincorporated businesses. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: 01/29/2025