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Economic News Release
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Employee Benefits in the United States News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, July 24, 2015                                  USDL-15-1432

Technical information:  (202) 691-6199    ncsinfo@bls.gov        www.bls.gov/ebs
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902    pressoffice@bls.gov


(NOTE: Some estimates that include access to paid sick leave benefits were corrected in 
the BLS database on November 6, 2017. For additional information about this correction,
see www.bls.gov/bls/errata/ebs-errata-07212017.htm.)


                  EMPLOYEE BENEFITS IN THE UNITED STATES - MARCH 2015

Retirement benefits were available to 66 percent of private industry workers in the United States in 
March 2015, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.  Employer-provided retirement 
benefits were available to 31 percent of private industry workers in the lowest wage category (the 10th 
percentile). By contrast 88 percent of workers in the highest wage category (the 90th percentile) had 
access to retirement benefits. In state and local government, 61 percent of workers in the lowest wage 
category had access to retirement benefits, compared with 98 percent of workers in the highest wage 
category. (See chart 1 and table 1.)

The share of premiums workers were required to pay for their medical coverage varied by bargaining 
status. Private industry nonunion workers were responsible for 23 percent of the total single coverage 
medical premium, whereas the share of premiums for union workers was 13 percent. The share of 
premiums for family coverage was 35 percent for nonunion workers and 16 percent for union workers. 
(See chart 2 and tables 3 and 4.)

These data are from the National Compensation Survey (NCS), which provides comprehensive 
measures of compensation cost levels and trends as well as incidence and provisions of employee 
benefit plans. 

Additional findings include: 

  *  Full-time workers in state and local government had high rates of access to major benefits: 99 
percent had access to retirement and medical care benefits, and 98 percent to paid sick leave. For 
part-time workers, 39 percent had access to retirement benefits, 24 percent to medical care 
benefits, and 42 percent to paid sick leave. (See tables 1, 2, and 6.)

  *  Paid holidays were provided to 90 percent of full-time and 37 percent of part-time workers in 
private industry. In state and local government, 74 percent of full-time workers and 30 
percent of part-time workers had access. (See table 6 and Technical Note.)

  *  Access to benefits differed among some occupational groups. For private industry, 87 percent 
of workers in management, professional, and related occupations had access to medical care, 
compared with 41 percent in service occupations. In state and local government, the 
corresponding figures were 89 percent and 82 percent, respectively. (See table 2.)

  *  For civilian workers, access rates to medical care ranged from 53 percent for the smallest 
establishments (those with fewer than 50 workers) to 90 percent for the largest establishments 
(those employing 500 workers or more). Access to retirement benefits ranged by establishment 
size from 46 percent to 91 percent. (See tables 1 and 2.) 

  * Access to medical care benefits for private industry workers was 86 percent in goods-
producing industries, compared with 66 percent for workers in service-providing industries. The 
employee share of family medical premiums was 27 percent for workers in goods-producing 
industries and 33 percent for workers in service-providing industries. (See tables 2 and 4.) 

More information can be obtained by calling (202) 691-6199, sending e-mail to ncsinfo@bls.gov, or 
by visiting www.bls.gov/ebs. 


                                               NOTE

More information will be published in September 2015 on the incidence and provisions of health care 
benefits, retirement benefits, life insurance, short-term and long-term disability benefits, paid holidays 
and vacations, and other selected benefits. For the latest benefit publications see www.bls.gov/ebs. 



                                          TECHNICAL NOTE

Data in this release are from the National Compensation Survey (NCS), conducted by the U.S. 
Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). This release contains March 2015 data on 
civilian, private industry, and state and local government workers in the United States. Excluded are 
federal government workers, the military, agricultural workers, private household workers, and the 
self-employed. This news release provides data on the incidence of (access to and participation in) 
selected benefits and the share of premiums paid by employers and employees for medical care. 
 
Calculation details
-------------------
Average hourly earnings from sampled occupations within an establishment were used to produce 
estimates for worker groups within six earnings categories: the lowest 10 percent, the lowest 25 
percent, the second 25 percent, the third 25 percent, the highest 25 percent, and the highest 10 percent. 
The categories are based on unpublished March 2015 wages and salaries from the Employer Costs for 
Employee Compensation. 
 
The percentiles were computed using earnings and scheduled hours of work reported for individual 
workers in sampled establishment jobs. Establishments in the survey are asked to report only 
individual worker earnings for each sampled job. For the calculation of the hourly percentile values, 
the individual worker hourly earnings are weighted and arrayed from lowest to highest. The values 
corresponding to the percentiles are: 

________________________________________________________________________________________________
    Characteristics                                    Hourly wage percentiles
                                          10         25       50 (median)       75        90
Civilian workers                        $9.09      $12.02       $18.18        $29.10    $44.36
Private industry workers                 9.00       11.64        17.40         27.89     43.27
State and local government              12.40       16.35        23.76         35.56     49.40
________________________________________________________________________________________________

The lowest 10-percent and 25-percent wage categories include those occupations with an average 
hourly wage less than the 10th percentile value and 25th percentile value, respectively. The second 25-
percent category includes those occupations that earn at or above the 25th percentile value but less than 
the 50th percentile value. The third 25-percent category includes those occupations that earn at or 
above the 50th percentile value but less than the 75th percentile value. Finally, the highest 25- and 10-
percent wage categories include those occupations with an average wage value greater than or equal to 
the 75th and 90th percentile value, respectively. 

(Note: Individual workers can fall into an earnings category different from the average for the 
occupation into which they are classified because average hourly earnings for the occupation are used 
to produce the benefit estimates.)  

The tables on employer and employee medical premiums (tables 3 and 4) include participants in all 
medical plans, with calculations for both single and family coverage. The calculations are not based on 
actual decisions regarding medical coverage made by employees within the occupations. Rather, the 
premium calculations are based on the assumption that all employees in the occupation can opt for 
either single or family coverage. 

Medical care 
------------
Medical care plans provide services or payments for services rendered in the hospital or by a qualified 
medical care provider. 

Retirement plans 
----------------
Differences in retirement plan participation are influenced by type of plan offered. In defined benefit 
plans participation is often mandatory, after meeting eligibility requirements, while participation in 
defined contribution plans is often voluntary. 
 
Take-up rates 
-------------
Take-up rates are the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan. They are 
computed by using the number of workers participating in a plan divided by the number of workers 
with access to the plan, multiplied by 100, and rounded to the nearest one percent. Since the 
computation of take-up rates is based on the number of workers collected rather than rounded 
percentage estimates, the take-up rates in the tables may not equal the ratio of participation to access 
estimates. 

Comparing private and public sector data 
----------------------------------------
Incidence of employee benefits in state and local government should not be directly compared to 
private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in work 
activities and occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large part of 
private industry work activities but are rare in state and local government. Professional and 
administrative support occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the state and local 
government workforce, compared with one-half of private industry. 

Leave benefits for teachers 
---------------------------
Primary, secondary, and special education teachers typically have a work schedule of 37 or 38 weeks 
per year. Because of this work schedule, they are generally not offered vacation or holidays. In many 
cases, the time off during winter and spring breaks during the school year are not considered vacation 
days for the purposes of this survey. 

Sample size 
-----------
Data for the March 2015 reference period were collected from a probability sample of about 8,600 
establishments in private industry and approximately 1,500 establishments in state and local 
government. 

Survey scope 
------------
The March 2015 NCS benefits survey represented approximately 131 million civilian workers; of this 
number, about 112 million were private industry workers and nearly 19 million were state and local 
government workers. 

Obtaining information 
---------------------
For research articles on employee benefits, see the Monthly Labor Review at 
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/home.htm and Beyond the Numbers: Pay and Benefits at 
www.bls.gov/opub/btn. For further technical information, see Chapter 8, "National Compensation 
Measures," of the BLS Handbook of Methods at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf. 




 Table 1. Retirement benefits:(1) Access, participation, and take-up rates,(2) National Compensation Survey, March
 2015

 (All workers = 100 percent)
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                    
                                    Civilian(3)                 Private industry         State and local government 
                                                                                                                    
      Characteristics                                                                                               
                             Access  Particip-  Take-up    Access  Particip-  Take-up    Access  Particip-  Take-up 
                                       ation      rate               ation      rate               ation      rate  
                                                                                                                    
 All workers..............     69        53        77        66        49        74        90        81        90   
                                                                                                                    
  Worker characteristics                                                                                            
                                                                                                                    
 Management, professional,                                                                                          
 and related..............     83        71        85        80        67        84        92        82        89   
   Management, business,                                                                                            
   and financial..........     85        75        88        84        74        88        –         –         –    
   Professional and                                                                                                 
   related................     82        69        84        78        63        81        92        81        89   
     Teachers.............     84        74        87        –         –         –         91        81        89   
       Primary, secondary,                                                                                          
       and special                                                                                                  
       education school                                                                                             
       teachers...........     95        84        88        –         –         –         99        89        90   
     Registered nurses....     83        68        82        –         –         –         –         –         –    
 Service..................     46        30        64        39        22        55        85        77        91   
   Protective service.....     79        62        79        62        31        50        92        84        92   
 Sales and office.........     72        52        72        70        49        70        89        81        91   
   Sales and related......     68        39        57        68        38        57        –         –         –    
   Office and                                                                                                       
   administrative support      74        60        80        72        56        78        90        82        91   
 Natural resources,                                                                                                 
 construction, and                                                                                                  
 maintenance..............     69        56        81        66        52        80        96        88        92   
   Construction,                                                                                                    
   extraction, farming,                                                                                             
   fishing, and forestry..     64        52        82        59        47        79        –         –         –    
   Installation,                                                                                                    
   maintenance, and repair     73        59        81        71        57        80        –         –         –    
 Production,                                                                                                        
 transportation, and                                                                                                
 material moving..........     72        54        76        71        53        75        85        78        91   
   Production.............     75        59        79        75        59        78        –         –         –    
   Transportation and                                                                                               
   material moving........     68        50        73        67        48        71        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Full time................     80        64        81        76        59        78        99        89        90   
 Part time................     38        20        54        37        19        51        39        33        85   
                                                                                                                    
 Union....................     94        85        90        92        82        90        97        88        90   
 Nonunion.................     65        48        74        63        46        72        84        75        90   
                                                                                                                    
 Average wage within the                                                                                            
 following categories:(4)                                                                                           
   Lowest 25 percent......     42        22        52        40        19        48        75        67        90   
     Lowest 10 percent....     31        12        40        31        12        39        61        54        89   
   Second 25 percent......     71        53        75        67        47        70        93        83        89   
   Third 25 percent.......     81        68        83        78        63        81        94        84        89   
   Highest 25 perecent....     89        79        88        86        75        88        98        89        91   
     Highest 10 percent...     90        80        90        88        78        89        98        89        91   
                                                                                                                    
       Establishment                                                                                                
     characteristics                                                                                                
                                                                                                                    
 Goods-producing                                                                                                    
 industries...............     75        61        82        75        61        81        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Service-providing                                                                                                  
 industries...............     68        52        76        64        46        72        90        81        90   
   Education and health                                                                                             
   services...............     77        63        82        69        53        77        91        80        88   
     Educational services      86        76        88        69        59        86        91        81        89   
       Elementary and                                                                                               
       secondary schools..     89        80        89        –         –         –         92        82        89   
       Junior colleges,                                                                                             
       colleges, and                                                                                                
       universities.......     87        76        87        87        76        88        87        76        87   
     Health care and                                                                                                
     social assistance....     71        54        76        69        52        75        89        77        87   
       Hospitals..........     91        78        85        –         –         –         95        81        85   
   Public administration..     91        84        92        –         –         –         91        84        92   
                                                                                                                    
 1 to 99 workers..........     52        36        70        51        35        69        78        70        89   
   1 to 49 workers........     46        33        71        46        32        70        70        63        90   
   50 to 99 workers.......     67        46        69        66        44        67        91        80        89   
 100 workers or more......     86        69        81        84        65        78        91        82        90   
   100 to 499 workers.....     81        61        75        80        58        72        88        80        91   
   500 workers or more....     91        79        87        89        76        85        93        83        89   
                                                                                                                    
     Geographic areas                                                                                               
                                                                                                                    
 Northeast................     70        57        80        67        53        78        91        81        89   
   New England............     71        56        79        69        52        76        86        78        91   
   Middle Atlantic........     70        57        81        67        53        79        93        82        89   
 South....................     69        52        75        66        46        71        91        81        89   
   South Atlantic.........     70        53        75        67        48        72        91        80        88   
   East South Central.....     72        52        72        67        45        67        93        81        87   
   West South Central.....     67        50        75        63        44        70        90        83        92   
 Midwest..................     73        57        78        70        53        76        87        78        90   
   East North Central.....     71        56        78        69        53        76        85        78        92   
   West North Central.....     75        58        78        73        55        75        91        79        87   
 West.....................     64        50        77        60        44        74        90        82        91   
   Mountain...............     65        46        71        61        42        68        88        76        86   
   Pacific................     64        51        80        59        45        76        91        85        93   

   1 Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as
 having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating in at least one of these plan types.
   2 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan,
 rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details.
   3 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
 sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
   4 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which
 may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.  The categories were formed using percentile
 estimates generated using ECEC data for March 2015.
 
 Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
 major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
 www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.


 Table 2. Medical care benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,(1) National Compensation Survey, March
 2015

 (All workers = 100 percent)
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                    
                                    Civilian(2)                 Private industry         State and local government 
                                                                                                                    
      Characteristics                                                                                               
                             Access  Particip-  Take-up    Access  Particip-  Take-up    Access  Particip-  Take-up 
                                       ation      rate               ation      rate               ation      rate  
                                                                                                                    
 All workers..............     72        53        74        69        50        72        87        73        83   
                                                                                                                    
  Worker characteristics                                                                                            
                                                                                                                    
 Management, professional,                                                                                          
 and related..............     87        68        78        87        66        76        89        74        82   
   Management, business,                                                                                            
   and financial..........     94        72        76        95        71        75        –         –         –    
   Professional and                                                                                                 
   related................     85        66        78        83        63        76        89        73        82   
     Teachers.............     83        67        80        –         –         –         88        72        82   
       Primary, secondary,                                                                                          
       and special                                                                                                  
       education school                                                                                             
       teachers...........     97        77        80        –         –         –         98        79        81   
     Registered nurses....     85        61        72        –         –         –         –         –         –    
 Service..................     46        31        66        41        24        60        82        69        85   
   Protective service.....     70        58        83        42        28        68        89        78        88   
 Sales and office.........     71        51        73        69        49        71        88        74        84   
   Sales and related......     59        40        69        59        40        69        –         –         –    
   Office and                                                                                                       
   administrative support      78        58        74        77        56        73        88        74        84   
 Natural resources,                                                                                                 
 construction, and                                                                                                  
 maintenance..............     78        62        80        76        60        79        94        81        85   
   Construction,                                                                                                    
   extraction, farming,                                                                                             
   fishing, and forestry..     73        61        83        71        58        82        –         –         –    
   Installation,                                                                                                    
   maintenance, and repair     81        63        78        80        62        77        –         –         –    
 Production,                                                                                                        
 transportation, and                                                                                                
 material moving..........     76        56        74        76        56        73        82        70        85   
   Production.............     83        62        74        83        62        74        –         –         –    
   Transportation and                                                                                               
   material moving........     70        51        72        69        50        71        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Full time................     88        67        76        86        64        74        99        83        84   
 Part time................     22        13        59        21        12        57        24        18        73   
                                                                                                                    
 Union....................     95        79        84        95        79        83        95        80        84   
 Nonunion.................     68        49        72        67        47        71        81        67        83   
                                                                                                                    
 Average wage within the                                                                                            
 following categories:(3)                                                                                           
   Lowest 25 percent......     37        22        60        34        20        57        70        56        80   
     Lowest 10 percent....     23        12        51        23        11        50        54        43        80   
   Second 25 percent......     77        56        73        75        52        70        91        78        85   
   Third 25 percent.......     88        69        78        86        65        76        93        78        84   
   Highest 25 perecent....     94        74        79        93        72        78        97        81        84   
     Highest 10 percent...     94        75        80        94        74        79        97        82        85   
                                                                                                                    
       Establishment                                                                                                
     characteristics                                                                                                
                                                                                                                    
 Goods-producing                                                                                                    
 industries...............     86        67        78        86        67        78        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Service-providing                                                                                                  
 industries...............     70        51        74        66        47        71        87        73        83   
   Education and health                                                                                             
   services...............     80        59        75        75        52        70        88        72        81   
     Educational services      85        68        80        75        56        75        88        72        81   
       Elementary and                                                                                               
       secondary schools..     87        69        79        –         –         –         88        70        80   
       Junior colleges,                                                                                             
       colleges, and                                                                                                
       universities.......     87        72        83        89        67        76        86        75        87   
     Health care and                                                                                                
     social assistance....     76        54        70        75        52        69        88        72        81   
       Hospitals..........     91        68        75        –         –         –         94        78        83   
   Public administration..     88        77        87        –         –         –         88        77        87   
                                                                                                                    
 1 to 99 workers..........     58        41        71        57        40        71        75        63        83   
   1 to 49 workers........     53        38        72        53        38        71        66        56        84   
   50 to 99 workers.......     71        50        71        70        49        70        89        73        82   
 100 workers or more......     85        65        76        84        62        74        89        74        83   
   100 to 499 workers.....     81        60        73        81        58        72        85        72        84   
   500 workers or more....     90        71        79        89        68        76        91        75        83   
                                                                                                                    
     Geographic areas                                                                                               
                                                                                                                    
 Northeast................     72        54        75        70        50        72        87        76        87   
   New England............     71        50        70        69        46        68        86        72        84   
   Middle Atlantic........     73        55        76        70        52        74        88        78        88   
 South....................     73        53        73        70        49        71        90        74        82   
   South Atlantic.........     73        52        72        70        49        71        89        70        78   
   East South Central.....     75        56        75        70        49        70        93        83        90   
   West South Central.....     72        53        73        69        49        71        91        75        83   
 Midwest..................     72        53        73        71        51        72        82        66        80   
   East North Central.....     73        53        73        72        52        72        80        64        80   
   West North Central.....     72        53        73        69        49        71        86        70        81   
 West.....................     70        54        78        67        51        76        88        75        85   
   Mountain...............     68        52        77        66        49        75        87        73        84   
   Pacific................     71        55        78        67        52        76        88        75        86   

   1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan,
 rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details.
   2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
 sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
   3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which
 may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.  The categories were formed using percentile
 estimates generated using ECEC data for March 2015.
 
 Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
 major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
 www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.



 Table 3. Medical plans: Share of premiums paid by employer and employee for single
 coverage,  National Compensation Survey, March 2015

 (In percent)
                                                                                      
                                                                                      
                               Civilian(1)       Private industry    State and local  
                                                                        government    
                                                                                      
      Characteristics                                                                 
                            Employer  Employee  Employer  Employee  Employer  Employee
                            share of  share of  share of  share of  share of  share of
                            premium   premium   premium   premium   premium   premium 
                                                                                      
 All workers participating                                                            
 in single coverage                                                                   
 medical plans............     80        20        78        22        87        13   
                                                                                      
  Worker characteristics                                                              
                                                                                      
 Management, professional,                                                            
 and related..............     82        18        80        20        87        13   
   Management, business,                                                              
   and financial..........     80        20        79        21        –         –    
   Professional and                                                                   
   related................     83        17        81        19        87        13   
     Teachers.............     87        13        –         –         88        12   
       Primary, secondary,                                                            
       and special                                                                    
       education school                                                               
       teachers...........     87        13        –         –         87        13   
     Registered nurses....     80        20        –         –         –         –    
 Service..................     79        21        75        25        87        13   
   Protective service.....     85        15        76        24        87        13   
 Sales and office.........     78        22        77        23        88        12   
   Sales and related......     74        26        73        27        –         –    
   Office and                                                                         
   administrative support      80        20        79        21        88        12   
 Natural resources,                                                                   
 construction, and                                                                    
 maintenance..............     80        20        79        21        87        13   
   Construction,                                                                      
   extraction, farming,                                                               
   fishing, and forestry..     83        17        82        18        –         –    
   Installation,                                                                      
   maintenance, and repair     78        22        77        23        –         –    
 Production,                                                                          
 transportation, and                                                                  
 material moving..........     80        20        79        21        87        13   
   Production.............     79        21        79        21        –         –    
   Transportation and                                                                 
   material moving........     80        20        80        20        –         –    
                                                                                      
 Full time................     81        19        79        21        88        12   
 Part time................     74        26        73        27        82        18   
                                                                                      
 Union....................     87        13        87        13        87        13   
 Nonunion.................     78        22        77        23        88        12   
                                                                                      
 Average wage within the                                                              
 following categories:(2)                                                             
   Lowest 25 percent......     75        25        73        27        87        13   
     Lowest 10 percent....     71        29        70        30        88        12   
   Second 25 percent......     79        21        77        23        88        12   
   Third 25 percent.......     81        19        79        21        88        12   
   Highest 25 perecent....     82        18        81        19        86        14   
     Highest 10 percent...     82        18        80        20        88        12   
                                                                                      
       Establishment                                                                  
     characteristics                                                                  
                                                                                      
 Goods-producing                                                                      
 industries...............     80        20        80        20        –         –    
                                                                                      
 Service-providing                                                                    
 industries...............     80        20        78        22        87        13   
   Education and health                                                               
   services...............     83        17        80        20        87        13   
     Educational services      86        14        81        19        87        13   
       Elementary and                                                                 
       secondary schools..     86        14        –         –         87        13   
       Junior colleges,                                                               
       colleges, and                                                                  
       universities.......     86        14        80        20        89        11   
     Health care and                                                                  
     social assistance....     81        19        80        20        87        13   
       Hospitals..........     82        18        –         –         88        12   
   Public administration..     88        12        –         –         88        12   
                                                                                      
 1 to 99 workers..........     79        21        78        22        91         9   
   1 to 49 workers........     79        21        78        22        91         9   
   50 to 99 workers.......     78        22        77        23        91         9   
 100 workers or more......     81        19        79        21        87        13   
   100 to 499 workers.....     79        21        78        22        87        13   
   500 workers or more....     83        17        80        20        87        13   
                                                                                      
     Geographic areas                                                                 
                                                                                      
 Northeast................     82        18        80        20        87        13   
   New England............     78        22        77        23        84        16   
   Middle Atlantic........     83        17        82        18        89        11   
 South....................     79        21        77        23        88        12   
   South Atlantic.........     79        21        77        23        88        12   
   East South Central.....     80        20        76        24        88        12   
   West South Central.....     80        20        78        22        87        13   
 Midwest..................     79        21        77        23        88        12   
   East North Central.....     79        21        78        22        86        14   
   West North Central.....     79        21        75        25        91         9   
 West.....................     82        18        81        19        86        14   
   Mountain...............     81        19        80        20        89        11   
   Pacific................     82        18        81        19        85        15   

   1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private
 households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. See
 Technical Note for further explanation.
   2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average
 wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below
 the threshold.  The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using
 ECEC data for March 2015.
 
 Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication
 criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the
 "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.



 Table 4. Medical plans: Share of premiums paid by employer and employee for family
 coverage,  National Compensation Survey, March 2015

 (In percent)
                                                                                      
                                                                                      
                               Civilian(1)       Private industry    State and local  
                                                                        government    
                                                                                      
      Characteristics                                                                 
                            Employer  Employee  Employer  Employee  Employer  Employee
                            share of  share of  share of  share of  share of  share of
                            premium   premium   premium   premium   premium   premium 
                                                                                      
 All workers participating                                                            
 in family coverage                                                                   
 medical plans............     69        31        68        32        71        29   
                                                                                      
  Worker characteristics                                                              
                                                                                      
 Management, professional,                                                            
 and related..............     70        30        70        30        70        30   
   Management, business,                                                              
   and financial..........     70        30        69        31        –         –    
   Professional and                                                                   
   related................     70        30        70        30        69        31   
     Teachers.............     68        32        –         –         68        32   
       Primary, secondary,                                                            
       and special                                                                    
       education school                                                               
       teachers...........     67        33        –         –         66        34   
     Registered nurses....     72        28        –         –         –         –    
 Service..................     65        35        62        38        73        27   
   Protective service.....     75        25        64        36        78        22   
 Sales and office.........     66        34        65        35        73        27   
   Sales and related......     62        38        62        38        –         –    
   Office and                                                                         
   administrative support      68        32        67        33        73        27   
 Natural resources,                                                                   
 construction, and                                                                    
 maintenance..............     68        32        68        32        74        26   
   Construction,                                                                      
   extraction, farming,                                                               
   fishing, and forestry..     71        29        71        29        –         –    
   Installation,                                                                      
   maintenance, and repair     66        34        65        35        –         –    
 Production,                                                                          
 transportation, and                                                                  
 material moving..........     72        28        72        28        72        28   
   Production.............     73        27        73        27        –         –    
   Transportation and                                                                 
   material moving........     72        28        72        28        –         –    
                                                                                      
 Full time................     69        31        68        32        71        29   
 Part time................     63        37        63        37        69        31   
                                                                                      
 Union....................     81        19        84        16        78        22   
 Nonunion.................     65        35        65        35        64        36   
                                                                                      
 Average wage within the                                                              
 following categories:(2)                                                             
   Lowest 25 percent......     59        41        59        41        64        36   
     Lowest 10 percent....     57        43        57        43        56        44   
   Second 25 percent......     66        34        65        35        73        27   
   Third 25 percent.......     70        30        69        31        71        29   
   Highest 25 perecent....     73        27        72        28        74        26   
     Highest 10 percent...     74        26        72        28        78        22   
                                                                                      
       Establishment                                                                  
     characteristics                                                                  
                                                                                      
 Goods-producing                                                                      
 industries...............     73        27        73        27        –         –    
                                                                                      
 Service-providing                                                                    
 industries...............     68        32        67        33        71        29   
   Education and health                                                               
   services...............     67        33        67        33        67        33   
     Educational services      66        34        66        34        66        34   
       Elementary and                                                                 
       secondary schools..     64        36        –         –         64        36   
       Junior colleges,                                                               
       colleges, and                                                                  
       universities.......     72        28        69        31        73        27   
     Health care and                                                                  
     social assistance....     68        32        67        33        71        29   
       Hospitals..........     73        27        –         –         71        29   
   Public administration..     77        23        –         –         77        23   
                                                                                      
 1 to 99 workers..........     63        37        62        38        72        28   
   1 to 49 workers........     63        37        62        38        75        25   
   50 to 99 workers.......     63        37        62        38        69        31   
 100 workers or more......     72        28        72        28        71        29   
   100 to 499 workers.....     69        31        69        31        69        31   
   500 workers or more....     74        26        76        24        72        28   
                                                                                      
     Geographic areas                                                                 
                                                                                      
 Northeast................     76        24        74        26        85        15   
   New England............     74        26        72        28        79        21   
   Middle Atlantic........     77        23        75        25        86        14   
 South....................     63        37        63        37        60        40   
   South Atlantic.........     64        36        64        36        68        32   
   East South Central.....     62        38        65        35        54        46   
   West South Central.....     61        39        62        38        54        46   
 Midwest..................     70        30        69        31        77        23   
   East North Central.....     72        28        71        29        81        19   
   West North Central.....     67        33        66        34        71        29   
 West.....................     69        31        69        31        72        28   
   Mountain...............     67        33        68        32        65        35   
   Pacific................     70        30        69        31        75        25   

   1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private
 households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. See
 Technical Note for further explanation.
   2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average
 wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below
 the threshold.  The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using
 ECEC data for March 2015.
 
 Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication
 criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the
 "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.



 Table 5. Life insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,(1) National Compensation Survey, March
 2015

 (All workers = 100 percent)
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                    
                                    Civilian(2)                 Private industry         State and local government 
                                                                                                                    
      Characteristics                                                                                               
                             Access  Particip-  Take-up    Access  Particip-  Take-up    Access  Particip-  Take-up 
                                       ation      rate               ation      rate               ation      rate  
                                                                                                                    
 All workers..............     60        59        97        57        56        97        80        78        98   
                                                                                                                    
  Worker characteristics                                                                                            
                                                                                                                    
 Management, professional,                                                                                          
 and related..............     78        77        99        77        77        99        80        78        97   
   Management, business,                                                                                            
   and financial..........     85        84        99        85        85        99        –         –         –    
   Professional and                                                                                                 
   related................     75        74        98        73        72        99        79        77        97   
     Teachers.............     72        71        98        –         –         –         78        76        97   
       Primary, secondary,                                                                                          
       and special                                                                                                  
       education school                                                                                             
       teachers...........     82        81        98        –         –         –         85        84        98   
     Registered nurses....     77        76        99        –         –         –         –         –         –    
 Service..................     35        33        95        28        26        93        77        75        98   
   Protective service.....     71        68        96        50        45        89        86        84        98   
 Sales and office.........     58        56        98        56        54        98        80        78        98   
   Sales and related......     45        43        96        44        43        96        –         –         –    
   Office and                                                                                                       
   administrative support      65        64        98        63        62        98        80        79        98   
 Natural resources,                                                                                                 
 construction, and                                                                                                  
 maintenance..............     60        58        97        56        55        97        92        91        99   
   Construction,                                                                                                    
   extraction, farming,                                                                                             
   fishing, and forestry..     53        52        98        48        47        98        –         –         –    
   Installation,                                                                                                    
   maintenance, and repair     66        64        97        64        62        97        –         –         –    
 Production,                                                                                                        
 transportation, and                                                                                                
 material moving..........     66        63        96        65        63        96        77        76        98   
   Production.............     72        70        97        71        69        97        –         –         –    
   Transportation and                                                                                               
   material moving........     60        57        95        59        56        95        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Full time................     75        74        98        72        71        98        90        88        98   
 Part time................     14        12        89        13        11        88        23        21        95   
                                                                                                                    
 Union....................     86        84        98        86        83        97        86        85        98   
 Nonunion.................     56        55        97        54        53        98        74        72        97   
                                                                                                                    
 Average wage within the                                                                                            
 following categories:(3)                                                                                           
   Lowest 25 percent......     25        23        92        22        20        91        63        61        97   
     Lowest 10 percent....     13        11        89        12        11        88        48        46        96   
   Second 25 percent......     63        62        98        59        57        97        84        82        98   
   Third 25 percent.......     76        74        98        72        71        98        83        82        98   
   Highest 25 perecent....     85        85        99        84        84        99        89        87        97   
     Highest 10 percent...     89        88        99        89        88        99        89        86        96   
                                                                                                                    
       Establishment                                                                                                
     characteristics                                                                                                
                                                                                                                    
 Goods-producing                                                                                                    
 industries...............     71        70        98        71        70        98        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Service-providing                                                                                                  
 industries...............     58        57        97        54        53        97        80        78        98   
   Education and health                                                                                             
   services...............     69        67        98        63        62        99        79        77        97   
     Educational services      76        74        98        64        64       100        79        77        97   
       Elementary and                                                                                               
       secondary schools..     76        74        98        –         –         –         78        76        98   
       Junior colleges,                                                                                             
       colleges, and                                                                                                
       universities.......     84        81        97        86        85        99        83        79        95   
     Health care and                                                                                                
     social assistance....     64        63        98        62        62        99        80        77        96   
       Hospitals..........     88        87        99        –         –         –         89        86        97   
   Public administration..     83        81        98        –         –         –         83        81        98   
                                                                                                                    
 1 to 99 workers..........     41        40        97        40        39        96        63        61        97   
   1 to 49 workers........     36        35        97        35        34        97        62        60        97   
   50 to 99 workers.......     56        53        95        55        53        95        64        62        97   
 100 workers or more......     78        76        98        77        75        98        82        80        98   
   100 to 499 workers.....     71        69        98        71        69        98        74        73        97   
   500 workers or more....     85        84        98        86        85        99        85        83        98   
                                                                                                                    
     Geographic areas                                                                                               
                                                                                                                    
 Northeast................     60        59        99        57        56        99        81        79        98   
   New England............     59        57        98        56        56        99        72        66        93   
   Middle Atlantic........     60        60        99        57        56        99        85        84        99   
 South....................     63        61        97        59        57        97        82        79        97   
   South Atlantic.........     62        60        98        58        57        98        83        81        98   
   East South Central.....     64        62        97        59        58        98        85        80        93   
   West South Central.....     64        61        96        61        58        95        77        76        98   
 Midwest..................     63        61        97        60        59        97        79        77        98   
   East North Central.....     63        61        97        61        59        97        79        76        96   
   West North Central.....     62        61        98        59        57        97        79        79       100   
 West.....................     54        52        98        50        49        98        75        74        99   
   Mountain...............     57        56        97        54        53        97        80        79        99   
   Pacific................     52        51        98        48        47        98        74        73        99   

   1 The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan,
 rounded for presentation. See Technical Note for more details.
   2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
 sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
   3 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which
 may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.  The categories were formed using percentile
 estimates generated using ECEC data for March 2015.
 
 Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
 major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
 www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.


 Table 6. Selected paid leave benefits: Access, National Compensation Survey, March 2015

 (All workers = 100 percent)
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                                    
                                    Civilian(1)                 Private industry         State and local government 
                                                                                                                    
      Characteristics                                                                                               
                           Paid sick    Paid      Paid   Paid sick    Paid      Paid   Paid sick    Paid      Paid  
                             leave    vacation  holidays   leave    vacation  holidays   leave    vacation  holidays
                                                                                                                    
 All workers..............     65        74        75        61        76        77        90        60        67   
                                                                                                                    
  Worker characteristics                                                                                            
                                                                                                                    
 Management, professional,                                                                                          
 and related..............     84        76        80        81        88        89        91        43        55   
   Management, business,                                                                                            
   and financial..........     88        95        95        88        96        97        –         –         –    
   Professional and                                                                                                 
   related................     82        68        73        78        83        84        91        36        50   
     Teachers.............     83        17        35        –         –         –         89        12        31   
       Primary, secondary,                                                                                          
       and special                                                                                                  
       education school                                                                                             
       teachers...........     95        13        30        –         –         –         96         9        27   
     Registered nurses....     79        85        86        –         –         –         –         –         –    
 Service..................     45        56        54        39        53        50        86        76        79   
   Protective service.....     71        79        81        43        65        73        90        89        87   
 Sales and office.........     67        79        80        65        79        80        89        84        85   
   Sales and related......     53        70        70        53        70        69        –         –         –    
   Office and                                                                                                       
   administrative support      75        85        86        73        85        86        90        85        86   
 Natural resources,                                                                                                 
 construction, and                                                                                                  
 maintenance..............     57        80        83        53        78        82        95        96        97   
   Construction,                                                                                                    
   extraction, farming,                                                                                             
   fishing, and forestry..     43        67        72        36        63        69        –         –         –    
   Installation,                                                                                                    
   maintenance, and repair     70        91        93        67        91        92        –         –         –    
 Production,                                                                                                        
 transportation, and                                                                                                
 material moving..........     58        82        84        56        83        85        88        63        73   
   Production.............     58        90        91        57        90        91        –         –         –    
   Transportation and                                                                                               
   material moving........     58        74        78        55        75        78        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Full time................     78        87        88        74        91        90        98        67        74   
 Part time................     26        33        36        24        34        37        42        21        30   
                                                                                                                    
 Union....................     85        74        80        73        89        90        97        57        69   
 Nonunion.................     62        74        74        60        75        75        83        61        66   
                                                                                                                    
 Average wage within the                                                                                            
 following categories:(2)                                                                                           
   Lowest 25 percent......     34        50        50        31        48        48        76        57        64   
     Lowest 10 percent....     22        39        37        22        40        36        63        41        49   
   Second 25 percent......     69        83        84        66        84        84        93        84        87   
   Third 25 percent.......     78        88        89        73        89        90        93        64        73   
   Highest 25 perecent....     87        79        83        84        91        92        97        37        49   
     Highest 10 percent...     89        79        83        86        92        93        98        37        47   
                                                                                                                    
       Establishment                                                                                                
     characteristics                                                                                                
                                                                                                                    
 Goods-producing                                                                                                    
 industries...............     59        88        90        58        88        90        –         –         –    
                                                                                                                    
 Service-providing                                                                                                  
 industries...............     66        71        73        62        74        74        90        59        67   
   Education and health                                                                                             
   services...............     79        65        72        72        78        81        90        43        55   
     Educational services      86        39        53        73        53        63        90        36        50   
       Elementary and                                                                                               
       secondary schools..     89        27        42        –         –         –         91        26        41   
       Junior colleges,                                                                                             
       colleges, and                                                                                                
       universities.......     86        67        79        80        73        80        89        64        78   
     Health care and                                                                                                
     social assistance....     74        83        85        72        83        85        88        88        88   
       Hospitals..........     86        92        93        –         –         –         92        94        94   
   Public administration..     89        89        88        –         –         –         89        89        88   
                                                                                                                    
 1 to 99 workers..........     53        68        68        52        68        68        80        66        69   
   1 to 49 workers........     50        65        66        49        65        66        72        65        67   
   50 to 99 workers.......     60        76        74        58        76        74        91        67        72   
 100 workers or more......     77        79        82        72        86        86        91        59        67   
   100 to 499 workers.....     70        80        81        67        83        83        88        61        64   
   500 workers or more....     84        78        82        80        90        91        92        58        68   
                                                                                                                    
     Geographic areas                                                                                               
                                                                                                                    
 Northeast................     69        73        75        66        76        77        90        56        60   
   New England............     66        70        73        62        74        76        89        48        54   
   Middle Atlantic........     71        75        76        67        77        78        91        60        63   
 South....................     66        76        77        61        78        78        91        62        69   
   South Atlantic.........     67        76        78        62        78        78        92        65        77   
   East South Central.....     65        76        76        58        79        77        91        64        71   
   West South Central.....     64        76        75        60        79        79        88        54        56   
 Midwest..................     62        74        75        58        77        76        87        55        67   
   East North Central.....     61        74        74        57        77        76        86        53        66   
   West North Central.....     65        74        77        61        77        78        90        58        69   
 West.....................     64        70        73        60        71        73        89        63        69   
   Mountain...............     60        70        69        57        72        71        83        53        58   
   Pacific................     66        70        75        61        71        75        92        67        73   

   1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
 sector, except the federal government. See Technical Note for further explanation.
   2 Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which
 may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.  The categories were formed using percentile
 estimates generated using ECEC data for March 2015.
 
 Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of
 major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at
 www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/glossary20142015.htm.

Last Modified Date: November 20, 2017