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Economic News Release
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Employee Benefits in the United States News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, September 22, 2022                                             USDL-22-1893

Technical information:  (202) 691-6199    ncsinfo@bls.gov    www.bls.gov/ebs
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902    pressoffice@bls.gov

                        EMPLOYEE BENEFITS IN THE UNITED STATES – MARCH 2022
                        
                        
Life insurance was available to 57 percent of private industry workers in March 2022, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Among occupational groups, access to life insurance plans ranged from 27 percent of
workers in service occupations to 79 percent in management, professional, and related occupations. 
(See table 5.)

Forty-three percent of private industry workers had access to short-term disability insurance. These benefits 
were available to 34 percent of workers in the South census region and 67 percent of workers in the Northeast 
census region.

Thirty-five percent of private industry workers had access to long-term disability insurance. Among industry 
groups, access to long-term disability insurance ranged from 4 percent of workers in the leisure and hospitality
industry to 71 percent of workers in the information industry. 

Among state and local government employees, 83 percent of workers had access to life insurance, 27 percent had 
access to short-term disability insurance and 39 percent had access to long-term disability insurance. 

Wellness programs were available to 43 percent of private workers. At establishments with 500 or more employees,
employee assistance programs were available to 84 percent of workers. Access to childcare ranged from 5 percent
for establishments that employ less than 50 workers to 28 percent for establishments that employ 500 or
more workers.

Access to nonproduction bonuses was available to 37 percent of state and local government workers and ranged
from 15 percent of workers in the Mountain division to 61 percent in the New England division.

Four percent of private workers had access to student loan repayment benefits. Workers in the highest 10 percent
wage category had an access rate of 9 percent and workers in the lowest 10 percent had an access rate of 1 
percent. Seven percent of civilian workers in management, professional, and related occupations had access to
student loan repayment benefits.

Civilian workers
  * Access to healthcare benefits was available to 74 percent of workers, and 57 percent of workers participated
    in the benefit, resulting in a take-up rate of 78 percent.
  * End-of-year bonuses were available to 11 percent of workers. Among establishments with less than 100 workers,
    14 percent had access to end-of-year bonuses and 7 percent of workers in establishments with 100 or more
    workers had access.
  * Employee assistance programs were available to 72 percent of workers in the educational services industry
    and 63 percent of workers in the health care and social assistance industry.

Private industry workers
  * Access to medical care was available to 70 percent of workers. Among goods-producing industries, medical
    care was available to 75 percent of workers in the construction sector and 90 percent of workers in the
    manufacturing sector.
  * Access to flexible work schedules was available to 16 percent of nonunion workers and 4 percent of union
    workers.
  * Access to wellness programs was available to 68 percent of workers in the highest 10 percent wage category
    and 18 percent of workers in the lowest 10 percent wage category.

State and local government workers
  * Among census divisions, long-term disability was available to 15 percent of workers in the West South
    Central division and 63 percent of workers in the East North Central division.
  * Access to medical care benefits was available to 89 percent of workers. Ninety-nine percent of
    full-time workers had access and 24 percent of part-time workers had access.
  * Employee contributions for short-term disability were required for 12 percent of workers, including 19 
    percent of workers in service occupations and 7 percent of workers in natural resources, construction,
    and maintenance occupations.
    


                                              TECHNICAL NOTE

Estimates in this release are from the National Compensation Survey (NCS), conducted by the U.S. Department of
Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The NCS provides comprehensive measures of compensation cost levels and
trends and also provides benefits incidence estimates on the percentage of workers with access to and
participating in employer-provided benefit plans.

The Employee Benefits in the United States, March 2022 includes additional details on the coverage, costs, and
provisions of employer-sponsored benefits, and will be published shortly after this news release. See 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits for the latest benefits publications. The March 2022 Excel tables present 2022 
estimates of the incidence and key provisions of employer-sponsored benefits for civilian workers, private 
industry workers, as well as state and local government workers by worker and establishment characteristics, and
geographic areas. Each Excel sheet includes the following tables:

-	Table 1: Retirement benefits
-	Table 2: Health benefits 
-	Table 3: Medical care benefits
-	Table 4: Life insurance benefits 
-	Table 5: Short-term disability benefits
-	Table 6: Long-term disability benefits
-	Table 7: Leave benefits 
-	Table 8: Other benefits

Standard errors: Measures of reliability are available for published estimates, which provide users a measure of
the precision of an estimate to ensure that it is within an acceptable range for their intended purpose. For 
further information see www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/nb_var.htm.

Comparing private and public sector data: Incidence of employee benefits in state and local government should not
be directly compared to private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in
work activities and occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large part of private
industry work activities but are rare in state and local government. Administrative support and professional 
occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the state and local government workforce, compared with
one-half of private industry.

Leave benefits for teachers: Primary, secondary, and special education teachers typically have a work schedule of
37 or 38 weeks per year. Because of this work schedule, they are generally not offered vacations or holidays. In
many cases, the time off during winter and spring breaks during the school year are not considered vacation days
for the purposes of this survey.

Medical care premiums: The estimates for medical care premiums are not based on actual decisions regarding medical
coverage made by employees; instead they are based on the assumption that all employees in the occupation can opt
for single or family coverage. Monthly premiums are collected when possible. Annual premiums are converted to
monthly premiums by dividing by 12 months.

Sample rotation: One-third of the private industry sample had been rotated each year except in years when the 
government sample was replaced. Beginning with the March 2022 publication, however, an additional (fourth) private 
industry sample is used in estimation to mitigate the impact of decreasing response rates. The government sample is 
replaced less frequently than the private industry sample. The state and local government sample was replaced in its 
entirety for the March 2017 reference period. As the sample is partially rotated each year and sample weights are 
updated for the reference period based on the Current Employment Statistics, the estimates are not considered a 
time-series.

Sample size:
Appendix table 1. Survey establishment response(1), March 2022
Establishments Civilian Private industry State and local governments

Total in sampling frame(2)

6,927,610 6,697,060 230,550

Total in sample

14,720 13,130 1,600

Responding(3)

8,870 7,450 1,430

Refused(4)

4,750 4,610 140

Out of business or not in survey scope

1,100 1,070 30

Footnotes:
(1) The number of establishments are rounded to the nearest 10. Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
(2) The sampling frame was developed from state unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). With some minor exceptions, an establishment is a single economic unit that engages in one, or predominantly one, type of economic activity. For private industry, the establishment is usually at a single physical location such as a mine, factory, office, or store; if a sampled establishment is owned by a larger entity with many locations, only the employment and characteristics of the establishment selected for the sample are considered for the survey. For state and local governments, an establishment can include more than one physical location, such as a school district or a police department.
(3) Establishments that provided data at the initial interview.
(4) Establishments that did not provide data at the initial interview. For information on nonresponse adjustment and imputation, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures available at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.

Survey scope:
Appendix table 2. Number of workers represented,(1) March 2022
Occupational group(2) Civilian workers Private industry workers State and local government workers

All workers

139,921,100 121,010,600 18,910,600

Management, professional, and related

44,937,400 34,109,600 10,827,800

Management, business, and financial

13,713,500 12,204,600 -

Professional and related

31,224,000 21,905,100 9,318,900

Teachers

6,864,200 - 5,066,600

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

4,778,000 - 3,862,900

Registered nurses

2,851,400 - -

Service

30,447,300 26,549,400 3,897,900

Protective service

3,383,200 1,480,300 1,902,900

Sales and office

33,461,300 30,823,200 2,638,100

Sales and related

13,126,700 13,050,000 -

Office and administrative support

20,334,600 17,773,200 2,561,400

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

11,312,700 10,517,000 795,700

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry

5,787,100 5,354,000 -

Installation, maintenance, and repair

5,525,600 5,162,900 -

Production, transportation, and material moving

19,762,400 19,011,300 751,100

Production

8,928,600 8,808,800 -

Transportation and material moving

10,833,800 10,202,600 -

Footnotes:
(1) The numbers of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. For information on weighting, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures available at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.
(2) The 2010 Standard Occupational Classification system was used to classify workers.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no estimates for this characteristic are provided in this publication.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.

Average hourly wage percentiles: Estimates by worker average wage are grouped into six wage categories- the lowest
10 percent, the lowest 25 percent, the second 25 percent, the third 25 percent, the highest 25 percent, and the
highest 10 percent. The categories use percentile values based on unpublished March 2022 wages and salaries from
the BLS Employer Costs for Employee Compensation publication.

The percentiles are computed using hourly wages and salaries along with scheduled hours of work reported for 
individual workers in sampled establishments. Establishments in the survey are asked to report only individual 
worker wages and salaries for each sampled job. For the calculation of the percentile values, the individual
worker hourly wages and salaries are weighted and arrayed from lowest to highest. The values corresponding to the
percentiles are:

Ownership Average hourly wage percentiles
10 25 50 75 90
(median)

Civilian

$13.09 $16.21 $22.36 $35.29 $53.52

Private industry

$13.00 $16.00 $21.50 $33.77 $52.88

State and local government

$15.42 $20.23 $30.11 $42.30 $57.69
The lowest 10- and 25-percent wage categories include those occupations with an average hourly rate less than the
10th percentile value and 25th percentile value, respectively. The second 25-percent category includes those 
occupations with rates at or above the 25th percentile value but less than the 50th percentile value. The third
25-percent category includes those occupations with rates at or above the 50th percentile value but less than the
75th percentile value. Finally, the highest 25- and 10-percent wage categories include those occupations with an
average hourly wage greater than or equal to the 75th percentile value and 90th percentile value, respectively.

Individual workers can fall into a wage category different from the average for the occupation into which they are
classified because average hourly wages for the occupation are used to produce the benefit estimates.

Obtaining information: For articles on employee benefits, see the Monthly Labor Review benefits section at 
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/subject/b.htm and Beyond the Numbers: Pay and Benefits at
www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/home.htm. The Economics Daily article archive is available at
www.bls.gov/opub/ted/employee-benefits-survey.htm. For technical information, see "National Compensation 
Measures," in the BLS Handbook of Methods at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Benefit publications from 1980 to the present are also available at www.bls.gov/ncs/ncspubs.htm. The 
latest glossary of benefit terms is available at 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm. In addition,
the public databases may also be used to obtain data from 1985 to 2006 and 2010 to the present, see
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/data.htm.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications
relay services.


Table 1. Retirement benefits(1): Access, participation, and take-up rates, March 2022 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(2) Private industry State and local government
Access Participation Take-up rate(3) Access Participation Take-up rate(3) Access Participation Take-up rate(3)

All workers

72 56 77 69 52 75 92 82 90

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

88 75 86 86 73 85 94 83 89

Management, business, and financial occupations

88 79 89 88 78 89 - - -

Professional and related occupations

87 74 85 85 70 83 93 83 89

Teachers

88 75 86 - - - 94 84 89

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

96 83 86 - - - 99 89 90

Registered nurses

89 76 85 - - - - - -

Service occupations

47 31 66 42 24 58 85 77 91

Protective service occupations

78 66 85 60 41 69 93 86 93

Sales and office occupations

75 52 70 73 50 68 92 82 89

Sales and related occupations

71 41 57 71 40 57 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

77 60 78 74 57 76 92 82 89

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

68 53 78 66 50 76 97 90 93

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

65 51 78 63 48 76 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

71 55 77 69 53 76 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

73 56 77 73 55 76 90 83 93

Production occupations

74 59 79 73 58 79 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

73 55 75 72 53 74 - - -

Full time

81 66 82 78 62 80 99 89 90

Part time

43 22 51 43 20 48 45 38 86

Union

95 85 90 93 84 90 97 87 89

Nonunion

69 51 75 67 49 73 87 78 90

Average wage within the following categories:(4)

Lowest 25 percent

48 26 55 45 23 52 79 70 88

Lowest 10 percent

38 19 50 36 17 47 73 62 86

Second 25 percent

72 53 74 69 48 69 94 85 90

Third 25 percent

82 68 83 79 64 80 98 88 90

Highest 25 percent

92 82 89 90 80 89 97 86 89

Highest 10 percent

93 85 91 92 84 91 97 85 88

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

77 62 81 76 62 81 - - -

Service-providing industries

71 55 77 68 50 73 92 82 89

Education and health services

80 64 80 74 56 75 93 82 88

Educational services

88 77 88 72 61 85 93 82 89

Elementary and secondary schools

91 81 89 - - - 93 83 90

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

90 79 88 86 77 90 92 80 86

Health care and social assistance

76 57 75 74 55 74 93 79 85

Hospitals

92 80 87 - - - 94 78 83

Public administration

92 84 92 - - - 92 84 92

1 to 99 workers

58 41 71 56 38 69 88 80 92

1 to 49 workers

54 37 69 52 36 68 85 77 90

50 to 99 workers

72 54 75 69 50 72 90 84 93

100 workers or more

87 71 82 86 68 80 93 83 89

100 to 499 workers

83 64 76 82 61 74 92 83 90

500 workers or more

91 79 87 90 78 86 93 82 88

Geographic areas

Northeast

71 58 82 68 55 80 91 81 89

New England

71 56 79 69 54 78 87 74 85

Middle Atlantic

71 59 83 67 55 81 93 83 90

South

72 52 73 68 47 70 94 83 89

South Atlantic

74 54 73 71 50 70 91 80 87

East South Central

72 51 71 68 45 66 94 84 90

West South Central

68 51 75 62 44 71 97 89 91

Midwest

74 58 78 72 55 76 90 81 89

East North Central

75 59 78 73 56 77 89 80 89

West North Central

73 57 78 70 53 76 93 83 89

West

71 56 78 69 52 76 90 82 91

Mountain

75 56 76 72 52 72 88 83 94

Pacific

70 56 80 67 52 78 91 82 90

Footnotes
(1) Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating in at least one of these plan types.
(2) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(3) The take-up rate is calculated from the unrounded percentage of workers with access to a plan and who participate in the plan.
(4) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 2. Medical care benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates, March 2022 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2)

All workers

73 50 68 70 47 66 89 68 76

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

90 65 72 89 64 71 92 70 76

Management, business, and financial occupations

95 69 72 96 68 72 - - -

Professional and related occupations

87 63 72 86 61 71 91 69 76

Teachers

87 66 75 - - - 92 70 76

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

98 74 75 - - - 99 74 75

Registered nurses

90 60 67 - - - - - -

Service occupations

48 27 56 43 22 51 82 62 76

Protective service occupations

78 55 70 61 39 63 90 67 74

Sales and office occupations

68 44 65 66 42 64 89 69 78

Sales and related occupations

52 31 60 52 31 60 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

78 53 67 77 50 66 90 70 78

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

78 56 72 76 55 72 95 73 77

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

76 56 74 74 54 73 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

80 56 71 78 55 71 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

78 55 70 78 54 69 84 66 79

Production occupations

81 58 72 81 58 71 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

76 52 68 76 51 67 - - -

Full time

88 61 69 86 59 68 99 76 77

Part time

23 11 50 23 11 48 24 17 72

Union

95 73 77 96 77 81 95 69 73

Nonunion

69 46 66 68 44 65 84 67 80

Average wage within the following categories:(3)

Lowest 25 percent

41 22 55 38 20 52 72 55 76

Lowest 10 percent

28 14 49 26 12 45 64 49 77

Second 25 percent

75 49 65 72 45 63 93 72 77

Third 25 percent

89 63 71 87 60 70 97 76 78

Highest 25 percent

95 71 74 94 69 74 95 71 75

Highest 10 percent

95 71 75 96 71 74 93 73 78

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

85 63 74 85 63 74 - - -

Service-providing industries

71 47 67 68 44 65 89 68 76

Education and health services

81 54 67 77 47 61 90 69 76

Educational services

86 65 75 73 53 73 90 68 76

Elementary and secondary schools

89 67 75 - - - 90 68 75

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

90 67 75 89 63 71 90 69 77

Health care and social assistance

79 48 61 78 46 60 91 73 80

Hospitals

92 65 71 - - - 92 76 83

Public administration

91 70 77 - - - 91 70 77

1 to 99 workers

59 38 64 58 36 62 85 67 79

1 to 49 workers

55 35 63 54 34 63 82 64 78

50 to 99 workers

75 48 64 74 45 61 87 69 79

100 workers or more

87 62 71 86 60 70 90 69 76

100 to 499 workers

84 58 69 83 56 68 87 65 75

500 workers or more

90 67 74 90 65 72 92 70 76

Geographic areas

Northeast

71 49 68 69 46 67 88 64 73

New England

70 48 68 68 46 67 90 62 69

Middle Atlantic

72 49 68 69 47 67 87 65 74

South

72 48 67 69 44 64 93 74 80

South Atlantic

73 48 66 70 44 63 90 72 80

East South Central

73 51 70 69 46 66 92 78 85

West South Central

71 48 67 67 43 64 96 76 79

Midwest

73 49 67 71 47 66 86 65 76

East North Central

73 50 68 72 48 66 84 64 76

West North Central

72 48 67 70 45 65 89 66 75

West

75 53 70 73 51 69 88 64 73

Mountain

75 51 68 73 49 68 87 63 73

Pacific

76 53 71 74 52 70 88 65 73

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) The take-up rate is calculated from the unrounded percentage of workers with access to a plan and who participate in the plan.
(3) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 3. Medical plans: Share of premiums paid by employer and employee for single coverage, March 2022 [In percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium

All workers participating in single coverage medical plans

80 20 78 22 86 14

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

81 19 79 21 85 15

Management, business, and financial occupations

79 21 78 22 - -

Professional and related occupations

82 18 80 20 85 15

Teachers

84 16 - - 85 15

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

84 16 - - 85 15

Registered nurses

81 19 - - - -

Service occupations

80 20 77 23 87 13

Protective service occupations

85 15 78 22 88 12

Sales and office occupations

80 20 78 22 88 12

Sales and related occupations

77 23 77 23 - -

Office and administrative support occupations

81 19 79 21 88 12

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

78 22 77 23 90 10

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

79 21 78 22 - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

77 23 76 24 - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

78 22 78 22 86 14

Production occupations

79 21 78 22 - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

78 22 77 23 - -

Full time

80 20 78 22 86 14

Part time

79 21 79 21 83 17

Union

83 17 81 19 86 14

Nonunion

79 21 78 22 86 14

Average wage within the following categories:(2)

Lowest 25 percent

78 22 77 23 87 13

Lowest 10 percent

78 22 76 24 86 14

Second 25 percent

79 21 77 23 87 13

Third 25 percent

80 20 78 22 86 14

Highest 25 percent

81 19 80 20 85 15

Highest 10 percent

81 19 80 20 85 15

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

78 22 78 22 - -

Service-providing industries

80 20 78 22 86 14

Education and health services

82 18 81 19 85 15

Educational services

84 16 82 18 85 15

Elementary and secondary schools

84 16 - - 85 15

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

84 16 82 18 85 15

Health care and social assistance

81 19 80 20 87 13

Hospitals

82 18 - - 87 13

Public administration

88 12 - - 88 12

1 to 99 workers

78 22 77 23 87 13

1 to 49 workers

78 22 77 23 88 12

50 to 99 workers

79 21 77 23 86 14

100 workers or more

81 19 79 21 86 14

100 to 499 workers

80 20 78 22 86 14

500 workers or more

81 19 80 20 86 14

Geographic areas

Northeast

80 20 79 21 85 15

New England

78 22 78 22 77 23

Middle Atlantic

81 19 80 20 87 13

South

79 21 77 23 86 14

South Atlantic

79 21 77 23 86 14

East South Central

79 21 76 24 89 11

West South Central

79 21 77 23 85 15

Midwest

80 20 78 22 87 13

East North Central

79 21 78 22 85 15

West North Central

80 20 78 22 90 10

West

80 20 79 21 86 14

Mountain

79 21 77 23 86 14

Pacific

81 19 80 20 86 14

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 4. Medical plans: Share of premiums paid by employer and employee for family coverage, March 2022 [In percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium

All workers participating in family coverage medical plans

67 33 67 33 71 29

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

68 32 68 32 70 30

Management, business, and financial occupations

68 32 67 33 - -

Professional and related occupations

69 31 68 32 69 31

Teachers

65 35 - - 66 34

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

63 37 - - 65 35

Registered nurses

71 29 - - - -

Service occupations

64 36 61 39 72 28

Protective service occupations

75 25 68 32 77 23

Sales and office occupations

66 34 65 35 74 26

Sales and related occupations

63 37 63 37 - -

Office and administrative support occupations

68 32 66 34 74 26

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

66 34 65 35 77 23

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

67 33 66 34 - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

65 35 64 36 - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

70 30 70 30 68 32

Production occupations

71 29 71 29 - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

68 32 69 31 - -

Full time

67 33 66 34 71 29

Part time

70 30 70 30 67 33

Union

78 22 80 20 76 24

Nonunion

65 35 65 35 66 34

Average wage within the following categories:(2)

Lowest 25 percent

62 38 62 38 66 34

Lowest 10 percent

58 42 59 41 59 41

Second 25 percent

65 35 64 36 74 26

Third 25 percent

68 32 67 33 68 32

Highest 25 percent

71 29 70 30 75 25

Highest 10 percent

72 28 71 29 76 24

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

69 31 69 31 - -

Service-providing industries

67 33 66 34 71 29

Education and health services

66 34 65 35 67 33

Educational services

66 34 66 34 66 34

Elementary and secondary schools

64 36 - - 64 36

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

72 28 71 29 72 28

Health care and social assistance

66 34 65 35 74 26

Hospitals

73 27 - - 74 26

Public administration

77 23 - - 77 23

1 to 99 workers

62 38 61 39 74 26

1 to 49 workers

62 38 61 39 73 27

50 to 99 workers

63 37 60 40 75 25

100 workers or more

71 29 71 29 70 30

100 to 499 workers

69 31 69 31 70 30

500 workers or more

73 27 74 26 70 30

Geographic areas

Northeast

73 27 71 29 83 17

New England

71 29 70 30 76 24

Middle Atlantic

73 27 71 29 85 15

South

63 37 63 37 62 38

South Atlantic

64 36 64 36 66 34

East South Central

64 36 63 37 64 36

West South Central

60 40 61 39 55 45

Midwest

70 30 69 31 74 26

East North Central

70 30 69 31 77 23

West North Central

68 32 68 32 71 29

West

68 32 66 34 75 25

Mountain

65 35 64 36 72 28

Pacific

69 31 67 33 76 24

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 5. Life insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates, March 2022 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2)

All workers

60 59 98 57 56 98 83 81 97

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

80 79 99 79 78 99 84 82 97

Management, business, and financial occupations

85 84 99 85 84 99 - - -

Professional and related occupations

78 77 99 76 75 99 84 81 97

Teachers

79 77 98 - - - 83 81 97

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

85 84 99 - - - 88 87 98

Registered nurses

86 85 99 - - - - - -

Service occupations

34 33 97 27 26 96 77 75 97

Protective service occupations

66 63 96 38 35 90 87 85 98

Sales and office occupations

55 54 98 53 52 98 83 81 98

Sales and related occupations

39 39 98 39 38 98 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

65 64 98 63 61 98 84 82 98

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

58 57 99 56 55 99 90 88 98

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

51 51 100 48 48 100 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

65 64 98 63 62 99 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

65 64 98 64 63 98 79 78 99

Production occupations

71 70 99 71 70 99 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

60 58 97 59 57 97 - - -

Full time

74 73 98 71 70 99 92 90 97

Part time

16 15 94 15 14 94 23 22 95

Union

86 84 98 84 82 98 88 87 98

Nonunion

56 55 98 54 53 98 78 75 97

Average wage within the following categories:(3)

Lowest 25 percent

28 27 97 25 24 97 67 65 97

Lowest 10 percent

17 17 96 15 14 96 58 57 97

Second 25 percent

60 59 98 57 55 98 88 86 97

Third 25 percent

73 72 98 69 68 99 88 86 97

Highest 25 percent

86 86 99 85 84 99 89 87 98

Highest 10 percent

89 89 99 90 90 100 86 83 97

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

69 69 99 69 69 99 - - -

Service-providing industries

59 57 98 54 53 98 83 81 97

Education and health services

70 69 98 64 63 98 83 80 97

Educational services

79 77 98 69 69 100 82 80 97

Elementary and secondary schools

79 78 98 - - - 80 79 98

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

86 84 97 86 86 100 86 83 96

Health care and social assistance

65 64 98 63 62 98 88 84 96

Hospitals

89 88 99 - - - 88 84 95

Public administration

86 84 98 - - - 86 84 98

1 to 99 workers

43 43 99 41 41 99 76 75 98

1 to 49 workers

38 38 99 37 36 99 72 71 99

50 to 99 workers

62 60 98 59 58 98 80 78 98

100 workers or more

78 76 98 76 75 98 85 82 97

100 to 499 workers

72 71 98 71 70 98 80 78 97

500 workers or more

84 82 98 82 81 98 87 84 97

Geographic areas

Northeast

58 57 99 54 54 99 81 79 97

New England

60 58 98 57 56 99 83 74 90

Middle Atlantic

57 56 99 53 53 99 81 81 99

South

60 59 98 56 55 98 85 83 97

South Atlantic

61 59 98 57 56 98 86 83 96

East South Central

61 60 98 56 55 98 84 82 98

West South Central

59 58 98 54 53 98 84 82 98

Midwest

63 61 98 60 59 98 82 79 96

East North Central

63 62 98 61 60 98 82 78 95

West North Central

62 61 97 59 57 97 82 81 98

West

60 59 99 57 56 99 80 80 100

Mountain

63 63 99 60 60 99 83 83 100

Pacific

58 57 99 55 54 99 79 79 99

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) The take-up rate is calculated from the unrounded percentage of workers with access to a plan and who participate in the plan.
(3) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 6. Selected paid leave benefits: Access, March 2022 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Paid sick leave Paid vacation Paid holidays Paid sick leave Paid vacation Paid holidays Paid sick leave Paid vacation Paid holidays

All workers

79 77 79 77 79 81 92 61 68

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

93 80 84 93 91 92 94 46 56

Management, business, and financial occupations

96 97 96 96 98 98 - - -

Professional and related occupations

92 73 78 91 88 90 94 40 51

Teachers

90 23 38 - - - 93 14 30

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

99 21 34 - - - 99 12 25

Registered nurses

94 90 93 - - - - - -

Service occupations

65 60 60 62 57 57 87 76 79

Protective service occupations

83 80 84 72 67 77 92 90 90

Sales and office occupations

79 80 84 78 79 83 92 86 88

Sales and related occupations

70 68 75 70 68 75 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

85 88 89 84 88 89 93 87 89

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

73 85 87 72 85 86 96 96 95

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

67 77 80 65 75 78 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

80 94 94 79 94 94 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

74 85 88 73 86 88 90 62 73

Production occupations

71 91 93 71 90 93 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

76 81 83 75 83 84 - - -

Full time

88 88 89 86 92 91 99 67 73

Part time

51 40 49 51 42 50 48 23 33

Union

92 75 80 87 90 91 98 58 69

Nonunion

77 77 79 76 78 80 87 63 67

Average wage within the following categories:(2)

Lowest 25 percent

57 56 60 55 55 59 81 60 66

Lowest 10 percent

40 44 47 38 44 46 71 48 55

Second 25 percent

83 84 86 81 83 85 96 86 88

Third 25 percent

88 91 91 86 92 92 97 60 69

Highest 25 percent

94 82 85 94 93 94 96 41 51

Highest 10 percent

96 84 86 96 95 95 95 37 48

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

75 90 91 75 90 91 - - -

Service-providing industries

80 75 77 78 77 79 92 60 67

Education and health services

88 70 75 85 84 86 93 44 54

Educational services

90 41 52 80 59 66 93 36 48

Elementary and secondary schools

94 28 39 - - - 94 25 37

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

90 70 81 86 73 82 92 68 81

Health care and social assistance

87 88 89 86 87 89 94 93 92

Hospitals

94 93 94 - - - 94 93 91

Public administration

93 91 92 - - - 93 91 92

1 to 99 workers

72 71 73 71 72 74 90 55 61

1 to 49 workers

70 70 72 69 70 72 87 63 68

50 to 99 workers

79 75 76 77 79 80 92 47 55

100 workers or more

87 83 86 86 89 90 93 62 69

100 to 499 workers

84 83 85 83 87 88 91 61 68

500 workers or more

91 83 86 90 91 93 94 63 70

Geographic areas

Northeast

83 74 77 82 76 79 91 56 64

New England

85 72 75 84 74 77 92 55 60

Middle Atlantic

82 74 78 81 77 80 91 57 65

South

74 78 80 71 80 82 93 62 68

South Atlantic

76 79 82 73 82 83 91 65 76

East South Central

71 80 84 67 83 87 92 64 71

West South Central

72 74 74 68 77 78 96 56 56

Midwest

74 77 79 72 80 81 90 56 66

East North Central

74 77 81 72 80 82 88 55 68

West North Central

74 76 76 72 80 78 92 57 61

West

90 78 80 89 80 82 94 67 71

Mountain

81 79 80 79 81 82 90 60 66

Pacific

94 78 80 94 80 81 96 70 74

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Last Modified Date: September 22, 2022