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Economic News Release
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Employee Benefits in the United States News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, September 24, 2020                                             USDL-20-1792

Technical information:  (202) 691-6199    ncsinfo@bls.gov    www.bls.gov/ebs
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902    pressoffice@bls.gov

                        EMPLOYEE BENEFITS IN THE UNITED STATES – MARCH 2020

Paid sick leave was available to 75 percent of private industry workers in March 2020, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. (See table 6.) Among industries, access to paid sick leave ranged from 52 percent of
workers in leisure and hospitality to 93 percent of workers in financial activities and information.

Seven percent of private industry workers had access to flexible workplace benefits. These benefits were available
to 1 percent of workers in the lowest 25th percent wage category and 18 percent of workers in the highest 25th
percent wage category. 

Flexible work schedules were available to 13 percent of private industry workers. Eight percent of workers in the
lowest 25th percent wage category and 26 percent of workers in the highest 25th percent wage category had access. 

Medical care benefits were available to 89 percent of state and local government workers. Employers paid 86 
percent of medical care premiums for single coverage plans and 71 percent for family coverage plans. The average
flat monthly premium paid by employers for state and local government workers was $576.34 for single coverage and
$1,235.07 for family coverage. (See tables 2-4.) 
 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________
|		Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on March 2020 Benefits Data			|
| The Employee Benefits in the United States reference date was March, 2020. No changes in estimation	| 
| procedures were necessary due to COVID-19. Additional information is available at 			|
| www.bls.gov/covid19/employee-benefits-covid19-effects-march-2020.htm.					|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________________________|

Seventy-eight percent of civilian workers had access to paid sick leave and an average of 8 annual paid sick leave
days were available to workers across all years of service. Paid vacations were available to 76 percent of 
civilian workers. On average, 11 paid vacation days were available annually to workers after 1 year of service and
20 days were available to workers after 20 years of service. (See table 6.)

Short-term disability benefits were available to 40 percent of civilian workers and 39 percent of workers                  
participated in the benefit, resulting in a 98 percent take-up rate. The take-up rate is the percentage of workers
with access to a plan who participate in the plan. Employee contributions were not required for 85 percent of 
workers with short-term disability. 

Long-term disability benefits were available to 35 percent of civilian workers. Ninety-four percent covered by 
long-term disability plans were not required to make contributions. 

The take-up rate for life insurance was 98 percent. Ninety-five percent of employees covered by life insurance 
were not required to make contributions. (See table 5.) 

Private industry workers 
  * Paid holidays were available to 96 percent of management, business and financial workers and paid vacation 
    days were available to 97 percent of these workers. 
  * Within education and health services, 24 percent of workers in educational services had access to vacation 
    days through a consolidated leave plan and 67 percent of workers in health care and social assistance had 
    access to consolidated leave plans.
  * Medical care was available to 27 percent of workers in the lowest 10th percent wage category and 94 percent of
    workers in the highest 10th percent wage category had access to this benefit. 
  * Sixty-seven percent of workers in an establishment with less than 100 employees had access to paid sick leave
    and 88 percent of workers at establishments with 500 or more employees had access to paid sick leave. 

State and local government workers 
  * Seventy-six percent of workers participated in defined benefit plans. Forty-five percent of these workers 
    participated in open defined benefits plans and 55 percent participated in frozen defined benefit plans that
    continued to accrue benefits. 
  * Eighteen percent of workers participated in defined contribution plans and employee contributions were 
    required for 69 percent of these workers. 
  * Ten percent of workers had access to paid sick leave through a consolidated leave plan and 89 percent of 
    workers with paid sick leave had a fixed number of sick days each year. 
  * Medical care and retirement benefits were not available to 1 percent of primary, secondary, and special 
    education school teachers and 99 percent of these workers had access to both benefits. 

Civilian workers 
  * Paid family leave was available to 21 percent of workers and unpaid family leave was available to 89 percent
    of workers.
  * Retirement benefits, which include defined benefit and defined contribution plans, were available to 67 
    percent of nonunion workers, while 94 percent of union workers had access to retirement benefits.  
  * Student loan repayment, or tuition forgiveness programs, was available to 2 percent of workers in the lowest
    10th percent wage category and 9 percent of workers in the highest 10th percent wage category had access to
    these programs. 
  * Forty-one percent of opposite sex unmarried domestic couples were able to provide healthcare benefits for 
    their partners and 44 percent of same sex unmarried domestic couples had access to these healthcare benefits. 

Additional March 2020 and historical estimates are available through the database query tool at
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/data.htm and additional tables are available in an annual bulletin at 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits/2020. 


                                        TECHNICAL NOTE

Estimates in this release are from the National Compensation Survey (NCS), conducted by the U.S. Department of
Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The NCS provides comprehensive measures of compensation cost levels and
trends and also provides benefits incidence estimates on the percentage of workers with access to and
participating in employer-provided benefit plans.

The Employee Benefits in the United States, March 2020 bulletin includes additional details on the coverage, 
costs, and provisions of employer-sponsored benefits, and will be published shortly after this news release. See
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/benefits for the latest benefits publications. The bulletin includes the following tables:

-	Table 1: Establishments offering retirement and healthcare benefits (private industry only)
-	Tables 2 – 8: Retirement benefits
-	Tables 9 – 15, 41: Healthcare benefits
-	Tables 16 – 30: Insurance benefits
-	Tables 31 – 38: Leave benefits
-	Table 39: Quality of life benefits
-	Tables 40, 42: Financial benefits
-	Table 43: Unmarried domestic partner benefits
-	Tables 44, 45: Benefit combinations

Standard errors: Measures of reliability are available for published estimates, which provide users a measure of
the precision of an estimate to ensure that it is within an acceptable range for their intended purpose. For 
further information see www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/nb_var.htm.

Comparing private and public sector data: Incidence of employee benefits in state and local government should not
be directly compared to private industry. Differences between these sectors stem from factors such as variation in
work activities and occupational structures. Manufacturing and sales, for example, make up a large part of private
industry work activities but are rare in state and local government. Administrative support and professional 
occupations (including teachers) account for two-thirds of the state and local government workforce, compared with
one-half of private industry.

Leave benefits for teachers: Primary, secondary, and special education teachers typically have a work schedule of
37 or 38 weeks per year. Because of this work schedule, they are generally not offered vacations or holidays. In
many cases, the time off during winter and spring breaks during the school year are not considered vacation days
for the purposes of this survey.

Medical plan premiums: The estimates for medical plan premiums are not based on actual decisions regarding medical
coverage made by employees; instead they are based on the assumption that all employees in the occupation can opt
for single or family coverage. Monthly premiums are collected when possible. Annual premiums are converted to
monthly premiums by dividing by 12 months. The share of premiums paid by employers and employees include workers
with and without a contribution requirements.

Sample rotation: One-third of the private industry sample is rotated each year except in years when the government
sample is replaced. The government sample is replaced less frequently than the private industry sample. The state
and local government sample was replaced in its entirety for the March 2017 reference period.

Sample size:
Appendix table 1. Survey establishment response, March 2020
Establishments Civilian Private industry State and local governments

Total in sampling frame(1)

6,678,401 6,446,859 231,542

Total in sample

11,402 9,806 1,596

Responding(2)

7,725 6,289 1,436

Refused(3)

2,878 2,738 140

Out of business or not in survey scope

799 779 20

Footnotes:
(1) The sampling frame was developed from state unemployment insurance reports and based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For information on establishments and sampling, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures available at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.
(2) Establishments that provided data at the initial interview.
(3) Establishments that did not provide data at the initial interview. For information on nonresponse adjustment and imputation, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures available at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.

Survey scope:
Appendix table 2. Number of workers represented,(1) March 2020
Occupational group(2) Civilian workers Private industry workers State and local government workers

All workers

139,597,279 120,164,320 19,432,958

Management, professional, and related

43,698,820 32,589,922 11,108,898

Management, business, and financial

13,450,076 11,848,584 -

Professional and related

30,248,744 20,741,338 9,507,405

Teachers

6,559,268 - 5,149,945

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

4,559,981 - 3,960,357

Registered nurses

2,630,810 - -

Service

31,625,246 27,615,415 4,009,830

Protective service

3,280,493 1,350,520 1,929,973

Sales and office

33,109,781 30,388,684 2,721,097

Sales and related

12,352,485 12,272,149 -

Office and administrative support

20,757,296 18,116,535 2,640,761

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

11,403,419 10,590,216 813,203

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry

5,901,050 5,455,992 -

Installation, maintenance, and repair

5,502,370 5,134,224 -

Production, transportation, and material moving

19,760,013 18,980,083 779,930

Production

9,423,481 9,300,595 -

Transportation and material moving

10,336,532 9,679,488 -

Footnotes:
(1) The numbers of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. For information on weighting, see the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures available at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.
(2) The Standard Occupational Classification system was used to classify workers.

Note: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes indicate that no estimates for this characteristic are provided in this publication.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.

Average hourly wage percentiles: Estimates by worker average wage are grouped into six wage categories- the lowest
10 percent, the lowest 25 percent, the second 25 percent, the third 25 percent, the highest 25 percent, and the
highest 10 percent. The categories use percentile values based on unpublished March 2020 wages and salaries from
the BLS Employer Costs for Employee Compensation publication.

The percentiles are computed using hourly wages and salaries along with scheduled hours of work reported for 
individual workers in sampled establishments. Establishments in the survey are asked to report only individual 
worker wages and salaries for each sampled job. For the calculation of the percentile values, the individual
worker hourly wages and salaries are weighted and arrayed from lowest to highest. The values corresponding to the
percentiles are:

Ownership Average hourly wage percentiles
10 25 50 75 90
(median)

Civilian

$11.17 $14.45 $20.20 $32.74 $50.17

Private industry

$11.00 $14.00 $19.26 $31.00 $49.04

State and local government

$14.39 $19.08 $28.43 $40.69 $55.44
The lowest 10- and 25-percent wage categories include those occupations with an average hourly rate less than the
10th percentile value and 25th percentile value, respectively. The second 25-percent category includes those 
occupations with rates at or above the 25th percentile value but less than the 50th percentile value. The third
25-percent category includes those occupations with rates at or above the 50th percentile value but less than the
75th percentile value. Finally, the highest 25- and 10-percent wage categories include those occupations with an
average hourly wage greater than or equal to the 75th percentile value and 90th percentile value, respectively.

Individual workers can fall into a wage category different from the average for the occupation into which they are
classified because average hourly wages for the occupation are used to produce the benefit estimates.

Obtaining information: For articles on employee benefits, see the Monthly Labor Review benefits section at 
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/subject/b.htm and Beyond the Numbers: Pay and Benefits at
www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/home.htm. The Economics Daily article archive is available at
www.bls.gov/opub/ted/employee-benefits-survey.htm. For technical information, see "National Compensation 
Measures," in the BLS Handbook of Methods at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Benefit publications from 1980 to the present are also available at www.bls.gov/ncs/ncspubs.htm. The 
latest glossary of benefit terms is available at 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm. In addition,
the public databases may also be used to obtain data from 1985 to 2006 and 2010 to the present, see
www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/data.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.
Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.


Table 1. Retirement benefits(1): Access, participation, and take-up rates, March 2020 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(2) Private industry State and local government
Access Participation Take-up rate(3) Access Participation Take-up rate(3) Access Participation Take-up rate(3)

All workers

71 55 78 67 51 76 91 83 90

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

86 74 86 84 71 85 94 84 90

Management, business, and financial occupations

89 80 90 88 79 89 - - -

Professional and related occupations

85 72 84 82 67 82 93 83 89

Teachers

88 78 89 - - - 94 85 90

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

97 87 90 - - - 99 91 91

Registered nurses

90 78 87 - - - - - -

Service occupations

46 32 68 41 25 61 85 78 92

Protective service occupations

81 71 88 65 48 75 92 87 95

Sales and office occupations

75 55 73 73 52 71 91 83 91

Sales and related occupations

70 42 60 70 42 60 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

78 62 80 75 59 78 92 83 91

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

64 51 80 61 48 78 97 92 94

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

59 48 81 56 44 79 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

69 54 78 67 51 77 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

71 55 77 70 54 77 90 83 91

Production occupations

72 58 80 72 58 80 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

69 51 75 68 49 73 - - -

Full time

80 66 82 77 61 80 99 90 91

Part time

40 22 55 39 20 52 45 39 87

Union

94 85 90 91 82 89 97 89 91

Nonunion

67 51 76 65 48 74 86 78 90

Average wage within the following categories:(4)

Lowest 25 percent

45 26 57 42 22 52 78 69 89

Lowest 10 percent

32 16 51 29 14 48 70 61 87

Second 25 percent

70 53 76 67 48 72 94 85 91

Third 25 percent

83 69 83 79 64 81 98 89 91

Highest 25 percent

90 81 90 88 78 89 97 88 91

Highest 10 percent

92 83 90 90 81 90 96 87 90

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

76 62 82 76 62 81 - - -

Service-providing industries

70 54 78 65 49 75 91 83 90

Education and health services

78 64 82 70 54 77 93 83 89

Educational services

88 78 89 70 61 87 93 83 89

Elementary and secondary schools

91 82 90 - - - 93 84 91

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

91 80 88 89 82 92 92 79 86

Health care and social assistance

72 55 76 71 53 75 93 80 85

Hospitals

93 82 87 - - - 93 78 84

Public administration

91 85 94 - - - 91 85 94

1 to 99 workers

55 40 72 53 37 69 88 83 95

1 to 49 workers

50 36 71 49 34 69 85 80 94

50 to 99 workers

71 52 72 69 46 68 91 87 95

100 workers or more

85 71 83 83 67 81 92 83 89

100 to 499 workers

81 64 78 80 60 76 91 84 92

500 workers or more

89 79 88 88 77 88 93 82 88

Geographic areas

Northeast

70 58 83 66 54 81 91 84 92

New England

72 58 81 70 56 79 86 76 88

Middle Atlantic

69 58 84 65 53 82 93 87 94

South

68 51 74 64 45 71 94 84 89

South Atlantic

70 51 74 67 47 71 91 80 88

East South Central

68 49 73 62 42 68 94 86 91

West South Central

66 51 77 60 44 72 97 88 90

Midwest

73 58 79 71 55 77 90 79 88

East North Central

73 58 80 71 56 78 89 78 89

West North Central

73 56 77 70 52 75 92 81 87

West

72 58 80 69 53 77 90 84 93

Mountain

74 59 80 72 55 77 87 83 95

Pacific

71 57 80 68 52 78 91 84 92

Footnotes
(1) Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating in at least one of these plan types.
(2) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(3) The take-up rate is calculated from the unrounded percentage of workers with access to a plan and who participate in the plan.
(4) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 2. Medical care benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates, March 2020 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2)

All workers

72 51 71 69 48 69 89 70 78

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

88 65 74 87 64 73 92 71 78

Management, business, and financial occupations

94 70 74 94 69 73 - - -

Professional and related occupations

85 63 75 82 60 73 91 70 77

Teachers

87 65 75 - - - 92 70 76

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

97 72 74 - - - 99 75 75

Registered nurses

89 63 71 - - - - - -

Service occupations

50 30 61 45 26 57 81 62 77

Protective service occupations

81 58 72 67 43 64 90 69 76

Sales and office occupations

69 47 69 67 45 67 88 73 82

Sales and related occupations

53 35 66 53 35 66 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

78 55 70 76 52 68 90 73 82

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

75 57 75 74 55 75 95 77 81

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

73 55 76 71 53 75 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

78 59 75 77 57 75 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

77 55 71 77 54 71 84 65 78

Production occupations

81 59 73 81 58 73 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

73 51 70 73 51 69 - - -

Full time

87 63 72 85 60 71 99 78 79

Part time

23 11 50 23 11 48 25 18 71

Union

95 75 79 95 77 81 95 73 77

Nonunion

68 47 69 67 45 68 84 67 80

Average wage within the following categories:(3)

Lowest 25 percent

41 23 57 38 21 55 72 56 78

Lowest 10 percent

27 13 48 27 12 46 62 47 77

Second 25 percent

74 51 69 71 47 67 93 73 79

Third 25 percent

88 66 75 85 62 73 97 77 80

Highest 25 percent

93 70 76 92 69 75 95 73 77

Highest 10 percent

95 72 76 94 71 75 93 73 78

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

85 63 74 85 63 74 - - -

Service-providing industries

70 49 70 66 45 68 89 69 78

Education and health services

78 55 70 72 47 66 90 70 77

Educational services

86 65 75 73 50 68 90 69 77

Elementary and secondary schools

88 66 75 - - - 90 68 76

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

89 68 76 90 63 70 89 71 79

Health care and social assistance

73 49 67 72 47 66 92 74 80

Hospitals

91 65 71 - - - 91 74 81

Public administration

90 72 80 - - - 90 72 80

1 to 99 workers

58 39 67 56 37 66 86 68 80

1 to 49 workers

52 35 67 50 33 66 82 66 81

50 to 99 workers

76 52 68 74 49 66 89 70 79

100 workers or more

86 63 73 85 61 71 90 70 78

100 to 499 workers

82 58 71 81 57 70 86 69 80

500 workers or more

91 68 75 90 66 73 92 71 77

Geographic areas

Northeast

71 51 72 69 49 71 87 67 77

New England

74 53 71 72 51 70 88 65 74

Middle Atlantic

70 51 72 68 48 71 87 67 78

South

70 49 69 66 44 67 92 74 80

South Atlantic

70 48 69 67 44 66 90 73 80

East South Central

69 50 72 65 44 68 92 80 87

West South Central

70 49 70 65 45 68 96 74 77

Midwest

73 50 69 71 48 68 86 64 75

East North Central

72 50 69 71 48 68 84 65 77

West North Central

73 49 67 71 47 66 88 63 71

West

75 55 74 73 53 73 88 69 79

Mountain

74 54 73 72 52 72 86 66 77

Pacific

76 56 74 74 54 73 88 71 80

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) The take-up rate is calculated from the unrounded percentage of workers with access to a plan and who participate in the plan.
(3) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 3. Medical plans: Share of premiums paid by employer and employee for single coverage, March 2020 [In percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium

All workers participating in single coverage medical plans

80 20 78 22 86 14

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

81 19 79 21 85 15

Management, business, and financial occupations

78 22 77 23 - -

Professional and related occupations

82 18 80 20 85 15

Teachers

83 17 - - 84 16

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

84 16 - - 84 16

Registered nurses

83 17 - - - -

Service occupations

81 19 78 22 87 13

Protective service occupations

85 15 77 23 88 12

Sales and office occupations

79 21 78 22 88 12

Sales and related occupations

76 24 76 24 - -

Office and administrative support occupations

80 20 79 21 88 12

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

79 21 78 22 90 10

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

80 20 79 21 - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

79 21 78 22 - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

78 22 78 22 86 14

Production occupations

79 21 79 21 - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

77 23 77 23 - -

Full time

80 20 78 22 86 14

Part time

81 19 80 20 85 15

Union

85 15 84 16 86 14

Nonunion

79 21 78 22 87 13

Average wage within the following categories:(2)

Lowest 25 percent

77 23 76 24 87 13

Lowest 10 percent

78 22 77 23 87 13

Second 25 percent

79 21 78 22 87 13

Third 25 percent

80 20 79 21 86 14

Highest 25 percent

81 19 80 20 85 15

Highest 10 percent

81 19 80 20 85 15

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

79 21 79 21 - -

Service-providing industries

80 20 78 22 86 14

Education and health services

82 18 80 20 85 15

Educational services

84 16 79 21 85 15

Elementary and secondary schools

84 16 - - 84 16

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

84 16 80 20 86 14

Health care and social assistance

81 19 81 19 87 13

Hospitals

83 17 - - 87 13

Public administration

88 12 - - 88 12

1 to 99 workers

79 21 78 22 86 14

1 to 49 workers

79 21 78 22 88 12

50 to 99 workers

78 22 77 23 84 16

100 workers or more

81 19 79 21 86 14

100 to 499 workers

79 21 78 22 87 13

500 workers or more

82 18 80 20 86 14

Geographic areas

Northeast

80 20 80 20 85 15

New England

77 23 77 23 77 23

Middle Atlantic

82 18 80 20 87 13

South

79 21 78 22 86 14

South Atlantic

79 21 77 23 86 14

East South Central

81 19 78 22 88 12

West South Central

80 20 78 22 86 14

Midwest

79 21 77 23 87 13

East North Central

79 21 78 22 85 15

West North Central

79 21 76 24 91 9

West

81 19 80 20 86 14

Mountain

80 20 78 22 87 13

Pacific

81 19 81 19 86 14

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 4. Medical plans: Share of premiums paid by employer and employee for family coverage, March 2020 [In percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium Employer share of premium Employee share of premium

All workers participating in family coverage medical plans

67 33 66 34 71 29

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

69 31 68 32 70 30

Management, business, and financial occupations

68 32 67 33 - -

Professional and related occupations

69 31 68 32 69 31

Teachers

66 34 - - 66 34

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

64 36 - - 65 35

Registered nurses

71 29 - - - -

Service occupations

63 37 60 40 72 28

Protective service occupations

73 27 65 35 77 23

Sales and office occupations

66 34 65 35 73 27

Sales and related occupations

62 38 62 38 - -

Office and administrative support occupations

68 32 67 33 74 26

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

68 32 67 33 77 23

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

69 31 68 32 - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

67 33 66 34 - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

69 31 69 31 71 29

Production occupations

72 28 72 28 - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

67 33 67 33 - -

Full time

67 33 66 34 71 29

Part time

67 33 66 34 70 30

Union

79 21 82 18 76 24

Nonunion

64 36 64 36 67 33

Average wage within the following categories:(2)

Lowest 25 percent

59 41 59 41 66 34

Lowest 10 percent

58 42 59 41 61 39

Second 25 percent

65 35 64 36 74 26

Third 25 percent

69 31 67 33 69 31

Highest 25 percent

71 29 71 29 75 25

Highest 10 percent

73 27 72 28 76 24

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

71 29 71 29 - -

Service-providing industries

67 33 65 35 71 29

Education and health services

66 34 64 36 68 32

Educational services

66 34 64 36 66 34

Elementary and secondary schools

64 36 - - 65 35

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

71 29 70 30 72 28

Health care and social assistance

65 35 64 36 74 26

Hospitals

74 26 - - 74 26

Public administration

77 23 - - 77 23

1 to 99 workers

62 38 61 39 74 26

1 to 49 workers

62 38 61 39 74 26

50 to 99 workers

62 38 60 40 73 27

100 workers or more

70 30 70 30 70 30

100 to 499 workers

67 33 66 34 71 29

500 workers or more

73 27 75 25 70 30

Geographic areas

Northeast

73 27 71 29 83 17

New England

71 29 70 30 76 24

Middle Atlantic

74 26 71 29 85 15

South

62 38 62 38 63 37

South Atlantic

63 37 61 39 67 33

East South Central

65 35 66 34 63 37

West South Central

61 39 62 38 57 43

Midwest

69 31 68 32 74 26

East North Central

71 29 70 30 76 24

West North Central

66 34 66 34 70 30

West

68 32 66 34 74 26

Mountain

67 33 67 33 71 29

Pacific

68 32 66 34 75 25

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 5. Life insurance benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates, March 2020 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2) Access Participation Take-up rate(2)

All workers

60 59 98 56 55 98 82 80 98

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

79 78 99 78 77 99 83 81 98

Management, business, and financial occupations

84 82 99 83 82 99 - - -

Professional and related occupations

77 76 99 75 74 99 83 80 97

Teachers

77 76 98 - - - 82 80 98

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

85 83 98 - - - 87 86 98

Registered nurses

84 83 99 - - - - - -

Service occupations

34 33 95 28 27 94 76 74 97

Protective service occupations

64 61 95 32 27 84 86 84 98

Sales and office occupations

57 56 98 55 54 98 82 81 98

Sales and related occupations

40 39 97 40 39 97 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

67 66 98 65 64 98 83 81 98

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

56 55 99 53 53 99 90 89 99

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

48 48 99 45 44 99 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

65 64 98 62 61 98 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

64 63 98 64 62 98 80 78 99

Production occupations

69 68 99 69 68 99 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

60 58 97 59 57 97 - - -

Full time

74 73 99 70 70 99 91 89 98

Part time

14 13 89 13 12 88 24 22 94

Union

85 83 97 82 80 97 89 87 98

Nonunion

56 55 98 54 53 98 76 74 97

Average wage within the following categories:(3)

Lowest 25 percent

28 26 95 25 23 94 66 63 97

Lowest 10 percent

15 13 90 13 12 88 54 53 97

Second 25 percent

58 57 98 55 54 98 87 85 98

Third 25 percent

76 75 99 70 70 99 88 86 98

Highest 25 percent

85 84 99 83 83 99 88 86 98

Highest 10 percent

88 87 99 88 88 99 85 82 97

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

70 69 99 69 69 99 - - -

Service-providing industries

58 57 98 53 52 98 82 80 98

Education and health services

68 67 98 61 60 99 82 80 97

Educational services

78 76 98 64 64 100 81 79 98

Elementary and secondary schools

78 76 98 - - - 80 78 98

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

86 84 98 86 85 99 86 83 97

Health care and social assistance

62 61 98 60 59 98 88 84 96

Hospitals

89 87 98 - - - 88 83 95

Public administration

84 82 98 - - - 84 82 98

1 to 99 workers

42 41 98 40 39 98 75 74 98

1 to 49 workers

36 36 99 35 35 99 70 70 99

50 to 99 workers

60 58 97 57 55 97 80 79 98

100 workers or more

77 75 98 75 73 98 84 82 97

100 to 499 workers

70 69 98 69 68 98 78 76 97

500 workers or more

84 81 97 82 80 97 87 84 98

Geographic areas

Northeast

58 57 98 54 54 99 82 80 97

New England

65 63 97 62 62 99 83 75 90

Middle Atlantic

56 55 99 51 51 99 82 81 99

South

58 57 98 54 53 98 83 80 97

South Atlantic

58 56 97 54 52 97 85 82 96

East South Central

58 58 99 55 55 99 75 73 97

West South Central

59 57 98 54 52 98 84 82 98

Midwest

63 61 97 60 58 97 81 79 97

East North Central

64 62 98 61 60 98 81 78 96

West North Central

60 58 97 56 55 97 82 81 99

West

61 60 99 57 57 99 80 80 100

Mountain

64 63 99 61 60 99 83 82 100

Pacific

59 59 99 56 55 99 79 79 99

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) The take-up rate is calculated from the unrounded percentage of workers with access to a plan and who participate in the plan.
(3) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Table 6. Selected paid leave benefits: Access, March 2020 [All workers = 100 percent]
Characteristics Civilian(1) Private industry State and local government
Paid sick leave Paid vacation Paid holidays Paid sick leave Paid vacation Paid holidays Paid sick leave Paid vacation Paid holidays

All workers

78 76 78 75 79 80 91 60 68

Worker characteristics

Management, professional, and related occupations

92 79 82 92 90 91 93 46 56

Management, business, and financial occupations

95 96 95 95 97 96 - - -

Professional and related occupations

91 71 76 90 86 88 93 40 51

Teachers

89 18 34 - - - 93 14 31

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

98 15 28 - - - 99 11 26

Registered nurses

94 90 92 - - - - - -

Service occupations

62 60 60 59 58 57 85 75 79

Protective service occupations

84 84 82 74 76 70 91 90 90

Sales and office occupations

78 81 84 77 81 84 92 86 88

Sales and related occupations

65 70 76 65 70 76 - - -

Office and administrative support occupations

85 88 89 84 88 89 93 87 88

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

70 81 81 68 80 80 96 96 95

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

60 71 72 57 69 70 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

80 92 91 79 91 91 - - -

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

73 85 86 72 86 87 90 62 74

Production occupations

72 90 92 72 90 92 - - -

Transportation and material moving occupations

74 80 81 73 82 82 - - -

Full time

88 87 88 86 91 90 99 67 73

Part time

45 39 47 45 41 49 46 23 33

Union

93 75 81 88 91 91 98 58 69

Nonunion

75 76 78 74 78 79 86 63 66

Average wage within the following categories:(2)

Lowest 25 percent

52 55 59 49 54 58 79 58 65

Lowest 10 percent

33 40 43 31 40 43 67 45 54

Second 25 percent

82 83 83 80 83 83 96 86 89

Third 25 percent

89 91 91 87 91 92 97 62 70

Highest 25 percent

94 81 84 92 93 93 96 40 51

Highest 10 percent

95 83 85 94 94 94 94 38 49

Establishment characteristics

Goods-producing industries

74 89 89 74 89 89 - - -

Service-providing industries

78 74 76 76 77 78 91 60 67

Education and health services

87 69 74 84 82 84 93 44 55

Educational services

90 40 51 81 55 61 93 36 49

Elementary and secondary schools

93 27 39 - - - 93 25 38

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

90 70 82 88 74 85 91 69 80

Health care and social assistance

85 87 87 84 86 87 92 93 92

Hospitals

95 94 94 - - - 92 92 92

Public administration

92 91 91 - - - 92 91 91

1 to 99 workers

69 70 72 67 71 73 90 55 62

1 to 49 workers

66 68 71 66 69 71 86 62 67

50 to 99 workers

76 74 76 74 78 79 93 47 56

100 workers or more

86 82 84 85 88 88 92 62 70

100 to 499 workers

83 82 83 82 86 86 90 60 68

500 workers or more

90 82 85 88 90 91 93 63 70

Geographic areas

Northeast

81 75 78 80 78 81 90 56 64

New England

84 74 78 83 77 81 91 55 60

Middle Atlantic

80 75 78 79 78 81 90 57 65

South

72 75 77 68 77 78 92 61 68

South Atlantic

72 76 78 69 77 78 91 65 76

East South Central

68 76 80 64 79 82 90 61 72

West South Central

73 74 74 69 77 78 95 56 56

Midwest

73 76 77 71 79 79 89 55 66

East North Central

73 76 77 71 79 79 88 55 68

West North Central

74 77 77 72 80 79 92 57 62

West

88 79 81 88 81 82 94 67 72

Mountain

77 77 81 75 80 83 89 61 66

Pacific

93 80 81 93 81 82 96 70 74

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in private industry and state and local government. See the Handbook of Methods: National Compensation Measures at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm for further explanation.
(2) Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold. The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using data from the National Compensation Survey publication, Employer Costs for Employee Compensation.

NOTE: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.


Last Modified Date: September 24, 2020