Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
ECT XYZ Program Links

Employment Cost Index News Release

NEWS RELEASE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL                                      USDL-19-0139
8:30 a.m. (EST) Thursday, January 31, 2019


Technical information:  (202) 691-6199  •  ncsinfo@bls.gov  • www.bls.gov/ect 
Media contact:			(202) 691-5902  •  pressoffice@bls.gov


					  EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX – December 2018

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.7 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month period
ending in December 2018, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries (which make 
up about 70 percent of compensation costs) increased 0.6 percent and benefit costs (which make up the
remaining 30 percent of compensation) increased 0.7 percent from September 2018. 
(See tables A, 1, 2, and 3.)

Civilian Workers 

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 2.9 percent for the 12-month period ending in 
December 2018 compared with a compensation costs increase of 2.6 percent in December 2017. Wages and 
salaries increased 3.1 percent for the 12-month period ending in December 2018 and increased 2.5 percent
for the 12-month period ending in December 2017. Benefit costs increased 2.8 percent for the 12-month 
period ending in December 2018. In December 2017, the increase was 2.5 percent. 
(See tables A, 4, 8, and 12.)

Private Industry Workers

Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 3.0 percent over the year compared with an increase 
of 2.6 percent in December 2017. Wages and salaries increased 3.1 percent for the 12-month period ending in 
December 2018 and increased 2.8 percent in December 2017. The cost of benefits rose 2.6 percent for the 12-month
period ending in December 2018 and increased 2.3 percent in December 2017. 
(See tables A, 5, 9, and 12.)

Employer costs for health benefits increased 1.8 percent for the 12-month period ending in December 2018. 
(For further information, see www.bls.gov/web/eci/echealth.pdf.)

Among occupational groups, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the 12-month period 
ending in December 2018 ranged from 2.5 percent for both management, professional, and related occupations and 
natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations to 3.8 percent for sales and office occupations. 
(See table 5.)

Among industry supersectors, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the 12-month period 
ending in December 2018 ranged from 2.1 percent for manufacturing to 4.6 percent for information. (See table 5.)


State and Local Government Workers

Compensation costs for state and local government workers increased 2.6 percent for the 12-month period ending 
in December 2018. In December 2017, the increase was 2.5 percent. Wages and salaries increased 2.4 percent 
for the 12-month period ending in December 2018, compared with 2.1 percent a year ago. Benefit costs increased 
3.1 percent for the 12-month period ending in December 2018. The prior year increase was 3.2 percent. 
(See tables A, 7, 11, and 12.)


Area Definitions and Seasonal Factors

Area definitions have been updated with this release based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, 
dated February 28, 2013. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see 
www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html.

The 2019 seasonal factors for directly adjusted series and revised seasonally adjusted series for the past five years
are scheduled for release with the March 2019 Employment Cost Index (ECI) on April 30, 2019 at 8:30 a.m. (EDT), see 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectsfact.htm.


Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index [Percent change]
Category 3-month,
seasonally adjusted
12-month, not seasonally adjusted
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Civilian workers(1)

Compensation(2)

0.8 0.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9

Wages and salaries

0.9 0.6 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1

Benefits

0.4 0.7 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.8

Private industry

Compensation(2)

0.8 0.6 2.6 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0

Wages and salaries

0.8 0.7 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.1

Benefits

0.4 0.5 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.6

State and local government

Compensation(2)

0.8 0.8 2.5 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6

Wages and salaries

0.9 0.6 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.3 2.4

Benefits

0.8 1.0 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes private industry and state and local government.
(2) Includes wages and salaries and benefits.

  
The Employment Cost Index for March 2019 is scheduled for release on April 30, 2019, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request— 
Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

BLS news releases, including the Employment Cost Index, are available through an email subscription service 
at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.

For videos and information graphics explaining the Employment Cost Index and how it is used, 
see www.bls.gov/eci/videos.htm. 

For highlights of recent National Compensation Survey data that you might otherwise have missed, 
see The Economics Daily at www.bls.gov/opub/ted/national-compensation-survey.htm.

For links to an overview of available BLS compensation measures and an interactive guide on choosing among 
them, see the BLS Commissioner’s Corner on “Making it Easier to Find Data on Pay and Benefits” at 
blogs.bls.gov/blog/2018/10/24/making-it-easier-to-find-data-on-pay-and-benefits.
 


									TECHNICAL NOTE

The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the influence of employment 
shifts among occupations and industries. For information on survey concepts, coverage, methods, nonresponse 
adjustment, and imputation see National Compensation Measures Handbook of Methods at 
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Sample size

Data for the December 2018 reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately 27,000 
occupational observations selected from a sample of about 6,500 private industry establishments and 
approximately 8,000 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,400 state and local government 
establishments that provided data at the initial interview. Beginning with this release, a new private industry 
replacement rotation group has been added to the survey to replace the outgoing group. The private industry 
sample group is rotated every 3 years, except during years when state and local government establishments 
are rotated.

Standard errors

To assist users in ascertaining the reliability of Employment Cost Index (ECI) series, standard errors of all 
current quarter not seasonally adjusted 3- and 12-month percent change series are also available, see 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectvar.htm and the public data query tools at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm. Standard errors 
provide users a measure of the precision of an estimate to ensure that it is within an acceptable range for 
their intended purpose. 

Historical listings

Historical listings are available at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. The continuous occupational and industry series 
listing uses the Standard Industrial Classification Manual and Occupational Classification System series from 
1975 through 2005 and the North American Industry Classification System and Standard Occupational 
Classification from 2006 to the present. It provides the official series deemed continuous after the change 
in classification systems. For more information on the criteria used in defining continuous series, see the 
article published in the Monthly Labor Review at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf.

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data

The costs per hour worked of compensation components are published as part of the Employer Costs for Employee 
Compensation news release (ECEC). The ECEC release dates are available at 
www.bls.gov/schedule/2019/home.htm. Historical ECEC data are available in summary documents at 
www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Since the ECEC is calculated with current employment weights rather than the fixed 
weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year changes in the cost levels usually differ from those in the ECI.

Fixed Employment Weights

For additional information on the use of fixed employment weights in computing the ECI, see 
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2016/article/introducing-2012-fixed-employment-weights-for-the-employment-cost-index.htm.

Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec.2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2016
Mar.
2017
Jun.
2017
Sep.
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Civilian workers

All workers(2)

134.3 135.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

131.2 131.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.3 0.5

Manufacturing

130.9 131.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.6

Service-providing industries(4)

135.1 136.0 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.9 0.7

Education and health services

134.3 135.2 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7

Educational services

134.8 135.8 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7

Elementary and secondary schools

134.8 135.8 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

134.5 135.6 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8

Health care and social assistance(5)

133.8 134.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.7

Hospitals

133.8 135.0 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.9

Nursing and residential care facilities

130.8 131.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7

Public administration

138.3 139.4 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.8

Private industry workers

All workers

133.7 134.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

133.2 134.0 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.6

Management, business, and financial

134.5 135.4 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.7

Professional and related

132.3 133.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6

Sales and office

134.3 135.4 0.5 0.8 0.2 1.0 0.5 1.2 0.7 1.1 0.8

Sales and related

130.0 131.2 0.1 1.1 -0.2 1.4 0.4 1.7 0.0 1.5 0.9

Office and administrative support

137.4 138.3 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.9 1.2 0.7 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

133.7 134.6 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

133.7 134.5 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair

133.8 134.8 0.5 0.3 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.2 1.5 0.4 0.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

134.0 134.9 0.7 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7

Production

131.5 132.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.7

Transportation and material moving

137.2 138.1 0.9 0.9 0.5 1.1 0.7 1.2 0.4 1.0 0.7

Service occupations

134.5 135.8 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.8 1.0

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

131.1 131.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.6

Construction

131.6 132.3 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.9 1.0 0.3 0.5

Manufacturing

130.9 131.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.6

Aircraft manufacturing

120.1 120.5 1.2 1.5 0.7 8.4 0.5 1.6 0.2 -6.7 0.3

Service-providing industries(5)

134.5 135.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

136.4 137.1 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.1 0.6 1.2 0.5

Wholesale trade(6)

132.2 133.1 -0.1 1.5 0.3 0.8 0.4 1.0 -0.1 1.8 0.7

Retail trade

137.0 137.6 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.4

Transportation and warehousing

139.0 139.7 1.1 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.8 1.3 0.4 1.2 0.5

Utilities

144.8 145.6 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.6

Information

134.4 134.8 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.6 3.0 0.8 0.3

Financial activities

133.7 134.4 0.6 0.4 0.9 0.4 0.2 1.7 0.9 0.1 0.5

Finance and insurance

134.1 134.7 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.4 0.2 1.8 1.1 0.1 0.4

Credit intermediation and related activities

132.2 132.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 -0.1 1.2 0.8 0.3 0.5

Insurance carriers and related activities

135.8 136.1 0.3 0.8 1.1 0.0 0.5 0.9 1.3 -0.1 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

132.0 133.1 0.7 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.6 0.8

Professional and business services

134.8 135.5 0.2 0.7 0.7 1.1 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.9 0.5

Professional, scientific, and technical services

137.4 138.0 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.0 1.3 0.4

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

131.2 132.1 -0.6 0.6 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7

Education and health services

133.2 134.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.7

Educational services

133.5 134.2 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.5

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

135.1 136.0 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7

Health care and social assistance

133.1 134.1 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.8

Hospitals

133.5 134.7 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.9

Nursing and residential care facilities

129.0 130.0 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

134.1 136.0 0.6 1.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.4 0.4 0.9 1.4

Accommodations and food services

134.9 136.6 0.5 1.8 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.4 0.5 0.7 1.3

Other services, except public administration

133.7 135.2 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.1 0.6 0.0 1.1

State and local government workers

All workers

136.8 137.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.8

Industry

Education and health services

135.5 136.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7

Educational services

135.1 136.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8

Schools

135.0 136.1 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8

Elementary and secondary schools

135.3 136.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.7

Health care and social assistance

138.3 139.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

Hospitals

135.2 136.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.5 1.0

Public administration

138.3 139.4 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
(5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(6) The private wholesale trade industry compensation series is seasonal as of the 2018 seasonal adjustment revision. Historical data for this series are published beginning with 2002.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2016
Mar.
2017
Jun.
2017
Sep.
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

133.0 133.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.6

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

132.1 133.0 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7

Manufacturing

132.0 133.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8

Service-providing industries(3)

133.2 134.0 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.5 1.0 0.6

Education and health services

130.6 131.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7

Educational services

128.1 128.8 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.5

Elementary and secondary schools

126.9 127.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.5

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

130.0 131.0 0.6 0.8 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.7 0.8

Health care and social assistance

133.4 134.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.7

Hospitals

132.9 134.2 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.0

Nursing and residential care facilities

130.3 131.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9

Public administration

129.9 130.8 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7

Private industry workers

All workers

133.9 134.8 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

133.9 134.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.8 0.6

Management, business, and financial

135.0 135.9 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.7 1.1 0.3 0.5 0.6

Professional and related

133.2 133.9 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.5

Sales and office

134.2 135.3 0.3 1.0 0.1 1.2 0.5 1.4 0.5 1.3 0.8

Sales and related

130.7 131.9 0.0 1.4 -0.5 1.7 0.5 1.9 -0.2 1.8 0.9

Office and administrative support

136.9 137.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.1 0.8 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

132.4 133.5 0.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.8

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

132.8 133.7 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.4 0.7

Installation, maintenance, and repair

132.2 133.2 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

134.3 135.4 0.8 0.9 0.6 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.9 0.8

Production

132.1 133.2 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.9

Transportation and material moving

136.8 137.9 1.1 0.9 0.5 1.2 0.8 1.3 0.4 1.2 0.8

Service occupations(4)

135.2 136.6 0.6 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.0

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

132.1 133.1 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.8

Construction

131.6 132.3 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.4 0.5

Manufacturing

132.0 133.1 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8

Aircraft manufacturing

141.3 142.5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.9

Service-providing industries(4)

134.5 135.3 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

135.3 135.9 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.4 1.3 0.4

Retail trade

137.2 137.7 0.8 1.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.4

Transportation and warehousing

138.2 138.9 1.3 0.8 0.5 1.0 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.4 0.5

Utilities

141.2 142.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.3 0.6

Information

131.2 131.6 0.6 0.1 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.3

Financial activities

134.6 135.1 0.6 0.2 0.9 0.5 0.5 1.8 0.7 0.1 0.4

Finance and insurance

135.5 135.9 0.5 0.2 1.0 0.4 0.5 2.0 0.9 0.0 0.3

Credit intermediation and related activities

131.4 131.9 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.3 1.3 0.7 0.4 0.4

Insurance carriers and related activities

134.8 135.0 0.3 0.5 1.3 -0.3 0.5 0.9 1.3 -0.4 0.1

Professional and business services

135.3 136.0 0.2 0.6 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.3 1.2 0.5

Professional, scientific, and technical services

138.0 138.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.8 0.0 1.7 0.4

Education and health services

133.3 134.2 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.9 0.5 1.0 0.7

Educational services

132.2 132.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.4

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

132.9 133.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6

Health care and social assistance

133.5 134.5 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.7 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.7

Hospitals

133.3 134.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 1.0

Nursing and residential care facilities

130.3 131.4 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9

Leisure and hospitality

136.5 138.8 0.6 1.7 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.3 0.5 1.0 1.7

Accommodations and food service

137.2 139.1 0.5 1.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.4 0.6 1.0 1.4

Other services, except public administration

134.0 135.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.6 -0.2 1.2

State and local government workers

All workers

128.8 129.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.6

Industry

Education and health services

127.9 128.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.5

Educational services

127.3 128.1 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.6

Schools

127.3 128.1 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools

126.8 127.4 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.5

Health care and social assistance

132.5 133.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6

Hospitals

131.1 131.9 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6

Public administration

129.9 130.8 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2016
Mar.
2017
Jun.
2017
Sep.
2017
Dec.
2017
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

137.5 138.4 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.7

Private industry workers

All workers

133.2 133.9 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.5

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

131.7 132.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.6

Sales and office

134.7 135.7 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.8 1.2 0.6 0.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

136.5 137.1 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.2 2.0 0.3 0.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

133.4 134.0 0.5 0.6 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.4

Service occupations

132.4 133.0 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.5

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

129.2 129.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.8 0.5 -0.4 0.2

Manufacturing

128.8 129.2 0.2 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.3 0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.3

Service-providing industries(3)

134.6 135.4 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.6

State and local government workers

All workers(1)

152.8 154.3 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.8 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

All workers(2)

131.2 134.4 135.0 0.4 0.8 0.4 2.6 2.8 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(3)

131.5 134.5 135.2 0.5 0.7 0.5 2.6 2.8 2.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

131.2 133.9 134.5 0.4 0.8 0.4 2.4 2.4 2.5

Management, business, and financial

131.9 135.0 135.5 0.2 0.7 0.4 2.5 2.6 2.7

Professional and related

130.8 133.4 134.0 0.5 0.8 0.4 2.3 2.5 2.4

Sales and office

130.6 134.9 135.5 0.2 1.0 0.4 2.5 3.5 3.8

Sales and related

125.7 130.5 131.0 -0.1 1.5 0.4 2.8 3.7 4.2

Office and administrative support

133.7 137.6 138.3 0.5 0.7 0.5 2.5 3.4 3.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

131.6 134.3 135.0 0.5 0.4 0.5 2.7 2.5 2.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

131.8 134.2 134.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.5 2.2 2.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair

131.4 134.5 135.1 0.5 0.5 0.4 2.9 2.8 2.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

131.4 134.5 135.1 0.4 0.7 0.4 3.1 2.8 2.8

Production

129.4 131.8 132.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 2.9 2.3 2.4

Transportation and material moving

133.9 137.8 138.3 0.4 1.0 0.4 3.3 3.3 3.3

Service occupations

132.7 136.2 137.2 0.7 1.0 0.7 2.8 3.3 3.4

Industry

Goods-producing industries(4)

128.9 131.3 131.9 0.4 0.3 0.5 2.5 2.3 2.3

Manufacturing

128.9 130.9 131.6 0.4 0.1 0.5 2.7 1.9 2.1

Service-providing industries(5)

131.6 135.0 135.6 0.4 0.9 0.4 2.6 3.0 3.0

Education and health services

131.5 134.3 135.2 0.5 1.1 0.7 2.2 2.7 2.8

Educational services

132.2 134.9 135.7 0.5 1.4 0.6 2.3 2.5 2.6

Elementary and secondary schools

132.1 134.9 135.8 0.5 1.5 0.7 2.4 2.7 2.8

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

132.4 134.7 135.7 0.5 1.1 0.7 2.2 2.2 2.5

Health care and social assistance

130.9 133.8 134.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 2.0 2.8 2.9

Hospitals

131.7 133.8 135.0 0.5 0.5 0.9 2.0 2.1 2.5

Nursing and residential care facilities

127.9 130.7 131.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.4 2.8 2.9

Public administration

135.7 138.3 139.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 2.8 2.7 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(4) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

All workers

130.5 133.8 134.4 0.4 0.7 0.4 2.6 2.9 3.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

130.8 133.9 134.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 2.6 2.8 2.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

130.5 133.3 133.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

129.9 132.6 133.1 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

Management, business, and financial

131.7 134.7 135.2 0.3 0.6 0.4 2.6 2.6 2.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

130.9 133.7 134.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

Professional and related

129.6 132.3 132.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.3 2.5 2.5

Sales and office

130.1 134.4 135.0 0.2 0.9 0.4 2.6 3.5 3.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

132.4 136.5 137.1 0.4 0.6 0.4 2.5 3.5 3.5

Sales and related

125.5 130.4 130.8 -0.2 1.5 0.3 2.7 3.7 4.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

130.5 134.7 135.2 0.4 0.7 0.4 2.8 3.6 3.6

Office and administrative support

133.3 137.3 138.0 0.4 0.6 0.5 2.4 3.4 3.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

131.2 133.9 134.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 2.7 2.5 2.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

131.6 133.8 134.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 2.5 2.1 2.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair

130.9 133.9 134.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 3.0 2.8 2.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

131.0 134.1 134.7 0.5 0.7 0.4 3.1 2.8 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

131.0 133.9 134.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 3.0 2.7 2.8

Production

129.2 131.5 132.3 0.5 0.3 0.6 2.9 2.3 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

129.5 131.8 132.6 0.5 0.3 0.6 2.9 2.3 2.4

Transportation and material moving

133.4 137.4 137.8 0.3 1.0 0.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

Service occupations

130.9 134.5 135.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 2.9 3.5 3.6

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(3)

128.9 131.2 131.9 0.4 0.2 0.5 2.5 2.2 2.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

129.3 131.6 132.2 0.5 0.2 0.5 2.5 2.3 2.2

Management, professional, and related

127.1 129.4 130.0 0.4 -0.1 0.5 2.3 2.2 2.3

Sales and office

129.4 133.5 134.2 -0.2 1.1 0.5 1.6 2.9 3.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

131.1 133.3 133.8 0.6 0.3 0.4 2.7 2.3 2.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

128.7 130.5 131.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 2.9 1.9 1.9

Construction

128.8 131.8 132.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 2.4 2.7 2.8

Manufacturing

128.9 130.9 131.6 0.4 0.1 0.5 2.7 1.9 2.1

Management, professional, and related

128.5 130.5 131.1 0.3 -0.3 0.5 2.6 1.9 2.0

Sales and office occupations

131.3 134.7 135.4 0.3 0.9 0.5 2.2 2.9 3.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

130.7 131.7 132.1 0.8 -0.1 0.3 2.8 1.6 1.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

128.3 130.1 130.8 0.4 0.2 0.5 2.8 1.8 1.9

Aircraft manufacturing

128.9 120.6 120.3 0.0 -8.8 -0.2 14.2 -6.4 -6.7

Service-providing industries(4)

131.0 134.6 135.2 0.3 0.8 0.4 2.6 3.1 3.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

131.3 134.7 135.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 2.6 3.0 3.0

Management, professional, and related

131.1 134.1 134.6 0.3 0.7 0.4 2.4 2.6 2.7

Sales and office

130.1 134.5 135.1 0.2 0.9 0.4 2.6 3.5 3.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

131.4 134.8 135.5 0.2 0.5 0.5 2.8 2.8 3.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

133.8 138.2 138.7 0.4 1.0 0.4 3.3 3.7 3.7

Service occupations

130.9 134.5 135.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 2.9 3.5 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

132.3 136.5 136.8 0.3 1.1 0.2 3.0 3.5 3.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

132.9 136.8 137.3 0.5 0.7 0.4 2.7 3.4 3.3

Wholesale trade

128.6 132.2 133.0 0.3 1.7 0.6 3.0 3.1 3.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

131.6 135.1 135.4 0.5 0.6 0.2 2.7 3.2 2.9

Retail trade

132.8 137.1 137.3 0.4 0.7 0.1 2.9 3.6 3.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

131.5 135.6 136.2 0.4 0.7 0.4 2.7 3.5 3.6

Transportation and warehousing

134.6 139.3 139.3 0.3 1.3 0.0 3.0 3.8 3.5

Utilities

141.2 144.8 145.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 2.5 2.8 2.7

Information

128.4 134.4 134.3 0.1 0.7 -0.1 2.4 4.8 4.6

Financial activities

129.9 133.9 134.2 0.0 0.1 0.2 2.0 3.1 3.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

130.5 134.3 134.8 -0.1 0.3 0.4 2.1 2.8 3.3

Finance and insurance

130.1 134.3 134.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.0 3.2 3.4

Credit intermediation and related activities

128.8 132.3 132.5 -0.5 0.0 0.2 1.6 2.2 2.9

Excluding incentive paid

132.8 136.7 136.9 -0.4 0.3 0.1 2.0 2.5 3.1

Insurance carriers and related activities

132.6 135.9 135.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 2.4 2.6 2.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

131.5 135.0 135.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 2.4 2.8 2.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

129.3 132.1 133.1 0.1 0.6 0.8 2.1 2.2 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

132.3 135.5 136.7 0.1 0.6 0.9 1.9 2.5 3.3

Professional and business services

131.9 134.8 135.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 3.0 2.5 2.5

Professional, scientific, and technical services

134.1 137.3 137.5 0.1 1.1 0.1 3.0 2.5 2.5

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

128.5 131.2 132.0 0.5 0.5 0.6 3.1 2.7 2.7

Education and health services

130.4 133.3 134.1 0.6 0.9 0.6 2.0 2.9 2.8

Educational services

131.1 133.8 134.4 0.5 1.3 0.4 1.9 2.5 2.5

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

132.5 135.5 136.2 0.4 1.3 0.5 2.2 2.7 2.8

Health care and social assistance

130.2 133.2 134.1 0.5 0.8 0.7 2.0 2.9 3.0

Hospitals

131.3 133.4 134.7 0.5 0.5 1.0 2.0 2.1 2.6

Nursing and residential care facilities

126.5 129.0 129.9 0.6 0.5 0.7 2.4 2.6 2.7

Nursing care facilities(2)

126.3 128.6 129.7 0.6 0.6 0.9 2.2 2.4 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

130.3 134.0 135.7 0.5 0.8 1.3 3.6 3.4 4.1

Accommodations and food service

131.2 134.8 136.3 0.6 0.6 1.1 3.6 3.4 3.9

Other services, except public administration

131.3 134.0 135.0 0.2 0.2 0.7 2.4 2.2 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Bargaining status

Union

134.5 137.8 138.8 0.6 0.3 0.7 3.0 3.1 3.2

Goods-producing industries(2)

131.8 132.7 133.2 0.5 -0.5 0.4 3.0 1.1 1.1

Manufacturing

127.2 126.5 126.9 0.3 -1.3 0.3 3.6 -0.2 -0.2

Service-providing industries(3)

137.1 141.6 142.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 3.0 4.0 4.2

Nonunion

129.9 133.2 133.7 0.3 0.8 0.4 2.6 2.9 2.9

Goods-producing industries(2)

128.1 130.7 131.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.4 2.4 2.6

Manufacturing

129.5 132.0 132.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.5 2.3 2.5

Service-providing industries(3)

130.4 133.8 134.4 0.3 0.8 0.4 2.6 2.9 3.1

Census region and division(4)

Northeast

132.0 135.9 136.5 0.2 0.9 0.4 2.6 3.1 3.4

New England

135.3 139.7 139.9 0.3 2.3 0.1 3.2 3.6 3.4

Middle Atlantic

130.9 134.5 135.4 0.2 0.4 0.7 2.4 2.9 3.4

South

129.2 132.0 132.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.4 2.6 2.6

South Atlantic

131.1 134.0 134.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 2.6 2.8 2.8

East South Central

128.4 131.1 131.3 -0.3 0.7 0.2 2.3 1.8 2.3

West South Central

126.4 129.0 129.2 0.4 0.5 0.2 2.1 2.5 2.2

Midwest

128.5 131.6 132.3 0.4 0.8 0.5 2.2 2.8 3.0

East North Central

127.0 130.2 130.9 0.4 0.9 0.5 2.3 2.9 3.1

West North Central

132.1 135.2 135.8 0.3 0.6 0.4 1.8 2.7 2.8

West

132.9 136.6 137.2 0.5 0.7 0.4 3.3 3.3 3.2

Mountain

130.0 133.2 134.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 2.8 2.9 3.2

Pacific

134.2 138.0 138.5 0.4 0.7 0.4 3.5 3.3 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(4) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

All workers

134.2 136.8 137.7 0.6 1.3 0.7 2.5 2.5 2.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

133.0 135.5 136.4 0.5 1.3 0.7 2.5 2.4 2.6

Professional and related

132.8 135.2 136.1 0.5 1.2 0.7 2.4 2.3 2.5

Sales and office

135.7 139.1 140.0 0.7 1.5 0.6 2.5 3.2 3.2

Office and administrative support

135.7 139.2 140.1 0.6 1.5 0.6 2.5 3.2 3.2

Service occupations

137.0 139.9 140.8 0.7 1.2 0.6 2.6 2.8 2.8

Industry

Education and health services

132.9 135.6 136.5 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.4 2.6 2.7

Educational services

132.5 135.2 136.1 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.4 2.5 2.7

Schools

132.4 135.1 136.0 0.5 1.4 0.7 2.3 2.5 2.7

Elementary and secondary schools

132.5 135.3 136.2 0.5 1.5 0.7 2.5 2.7 2.8

Health care and social assistance

135.8 138.2 139.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 2.3 2.4 2.6

Hospitals

133.4 135.2 136.5 0.6 0.7 1.0 2.2 2.0 2.3

Public administration

135.7 138.3 139.2 0.7 1.2 0.7 2.8 2.7 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

All workers(1)

129.8 133.1 133.8 0.4 0.9 0.5 2.5 2.9 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

129.9 132.9 133.6 0.5 0.8 0.5 2.5 2.9 2.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

129.6 132.4 133.0 0.4 0.9 0.5 2.2 2.6 2.6

Management, business, and financial

131.7 134.6 135.2 0.4 0.8 0.4 2.3 2.6 2.7

Professional and related

128.5 131.2 131.7 0.4 0.9 0.4 2.2 2.5 2.5

Sales and office

129.5 133.9 134.5 0.2 1.1 0.4 2.8 3.6 3.9

Sales and related

125.8 130.9 131.4 -0.2 1.7 0.4 3.0 3.9 4.5

Office and administrative support

132.0 135.8 136.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 2.5 3.3 3.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

130.3 132.5 133.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.9 2.2 2.2

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

130.2 132.6 133.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 2.8 2.3 2.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair

130.5 132.4 133.2 0.5 0.5 0.6 3.0 2.0 2.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

130.8 134.4 135.1 0.5 0.9 0.5 3.2 3.2 3.3

Production

129.5 132.4 133.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 3.0 2.8 2.9

Transportation and material moving

132.3 136.6 137.1 0.4 1.2 0.4 3.4 3.6 3.6

Service occupations

130.8 134.4 135.6 0.8 0.9 0.9 3.0 3.5 3.7

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

129.3 132.2 132.9 0.5 0.6 0.5 2.5 2.7 2.8

Manufacturing

129.3 132.0 132.9 0.5 0.5 0.7 2.5 2.6 2.8

Service-providing industries(4)

129.9 133.2 133.9 0.4 1.0 0.5 2.6 2.9 3.1

Education and health services

128.0 130.8 131.6 0.5 1.2 0.6 2.1 2.7 2.8

Educational services

126.0 128.4 129.0 0.3 1.3 0.5 1.9 2.2 2.4

Elementary and secondary schools

124.6 127.2 127.7 0.2 1.5 0.4 1.8 2.3 2.5

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

128.2 130.2 131.1 0.5 1.2 0.7 2.2 2.0 2.3

Health care and social assistance

130.2 133.4 134.4 0.6 0.9 0.7 2.2 3.1 3.2

Hospitals

130.9 132.8 134.2 0.6 0.4 1.1 2.3 2.1 2.5

Nursing and residential care facilities

127.3 130.3 131.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 2.7 3.0 3.2

Public administration

127.7 129.9 130.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 2.2 2.3 2.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Index value (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

All workers

130.6 134.0 134.7 0.5 0.8 0.5 2.8 3.1 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

130.7 133.9 134.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 2.7 3.0 3.0

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

131.1 134.1 134.6 0.5 0.8 0.4 2.3 2.8 2.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

130.1 132.8 133.4 0.5 0.6 0.5 2.3 2.5 2.5

Management, business, and financial

132.3 135.3 135.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 2.4 2.7 2.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

130.8 133.5 134.0 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.2 2.5 2.4

Professional and related

130.2 133.2 133.7 0.5 0.8 0.4 2.4 2.8 2.7

Sales and office

129.8 134.3 135.0 0.2 1.1 0.5 2.9 3.7 4.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

132.2 136.3 136.9 0.5 0.7 0.4 2.9 3.7 3.6

Sales and related

125.9 131.0 131.5 -0.1 1.7 0.4 3.0 4.0 4.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

131.0 135.3 135.8 0.4 0.7 0.4 3.1 3.7 3.7

Office and administrative support

132.9 136.8 137.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 2.6 3.5 3.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

130.4 132.6 133.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 2.9 2.2 2.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

130.4 132.9 133.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 2.8 2.3 2.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair

130.5 132.4 133.1 0.6 0.5 0.5 3.1 2.1 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

130.7 134.4 135.1 0.5 0.9 0.5 3.2 3.3 3.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

130.8 134.2 135.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 3.1 3.1 3.4

Production

129.3 132.2 133.1 0.5 0.6 0.7 3.1 2.8 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

129.5 132.5 133.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 3.1 2.9 3.0

Transportation and material moving

132.6 137.0 137.5 0.4 1.3 0.4 3.5 3.7 3.7

Service occupations

131.3 135.2 136.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 3.3 3.8 3.9

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(2)

129.3 132.2 133.0 0.4 0.6 0.6 2.5 2.6 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

129.8 132.6 133.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.5 2.6 2.7

Management, professional, and related

129.0 132.1 132.7 0.4 0.5 0.5 1.8 2.8 2.9

Sales and office

129.9 134.3 135.3 -0.2 1.3 0.7 1.9 3.1 4.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

130.4 132.9 133.6 0.7 0.4 0.5 3.0 2.6 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving

128.8 131.3 132.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 3.0 2.5 2.6

Construction

128.4 131.8 132.4 0.4 0.7 0.5 2.5 3.0 3.1

Manufacturing

129.3 132.0 132.9 0.5 0.5 0.7 2.5 2.6 2.8

Management, professional, and related

129.6 132.4 133.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 1.8 2.5 2.7

Sales and office

131.6 135.0 136.0 0.6 0.9 0.7 2.7 3.2 3.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

131.0 132.9 133.6 0.9 0.4 0.5 2.7 2.4 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

128.5 130.9 131.9 0.5 0.5 0.8 3.0 2.4 2.6

Aircraft manufacturing

138.4 141.2 141.5 -0.1 0.0 0.2 2.7 1.9 2.2

Service-providing industries(3)

131.0 134.5 135.2 0.5 0.9 0.5 2.8 3.1 3.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

131.0 134.3 135.0 0.5 0.7 0.5 2.7 3.1 3.1

Management, professional, and related

131.4 134.4 134.9 0.4 0.8 0.4 2.4 2.7 2.7

Sales and office

129.8 134.3 134.9 0.3 1.1 0.4 2.9 3.8 3.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

130.5 132.3 133.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 2.9 1.6 2.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

132.9 137.6 138.1 0.5 1.2 0.4 3.6 4.0 3.9

Service occupations

131.2 135.1 136.4 0.8 0.9 1.0 3.2 3.8 4.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

131.2 135.4 135.7 0.3 1.3 0.2 3.2 3.5 3.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

131.4 135.3 135.7 0.5 0.8 0.3 2.9 3.4 3.3

Wholesale trade

126.0 129.5 130.4 0.2 2.2 0.7 3.4 3.0 3.5

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

128.2 131.6 131.8 0.5 0.7 0.2 2.9 3.1 2.8

Retail trade

133.2 137.4 137.5 0.5 0.7 0.1 3.3 3.6 3.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

131.4 135.3 135.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 3.1 3.4 3.4

Transportation and warehousing

133.1 138.5 138.4 0.2 1.6 -0.1 3.1 4.3 4.0

Utilities

138.2 141.2 141.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 2.4 2.4 2.3

Information

127.5 131.3 131.3 0.1 0.8 0.0 2.1 3.1 3.0

Financial activities

130.9 134.7 135.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 2.1 3.2 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

130.9 134.5 135.0 0.2 0.4 0.4 2.1 2.9 3.1

Finance and insurance

131.6 135.6 135.8 0.4 -0.2 0.1 2.2 3.4 3.2

Credit intermediation and related activities

128.0 131.4 131.6 0.1 0.0 0.2 2.2 2.7 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

132.0 135.8 135.9 0.2 0.4 0.1 2.6 3.0 3.0

Insurance carriers and related activities

132.1 134.9 134.7 0.2 -0.7 -0.1 2.1 2.4 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

129.8 133.0 133.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 1.9 2.6 2.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

128.2 131.0 131.9 0.2 0.7 0.7 2.2 2.3 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

131.3 134.6 135.7 0.2 0.7 0.8 2.1 2.7 3.4

Professional and business services

132.0 135.2 135.8 0.3 1.0 0.4 2.9 2.7 2.9

Professional, scientific, and technical services

134.2 137.9 138.1 0.1 1.5 0.1 2.9 2.8 2.9

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

129.6 132.4 133.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 3.4 2.9 2.9

Education and health services

130.1 133.3 134.2 0.6 1.0 0.7 2.2 3.1 3.2

Educational services

130.0 132.6 133.0 0.5 1.5 0.3 2.0 2.5 2.3

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

130.7 133.3 134.0 0.5 1.4 0.5 2.3 2.5 2.5

Health care and social assistance

130.2 133.5 134.5 0.7 0.9 0.7 2.3 3.2 3.3

Hospitals

131.1 133.2 134.7 0.6 0.4 1.1 2.2 2.2 2.7

Nursing and residential care facilities

127.3 130.3 131.4 0.7 0.7 0.8 2.8 3.1 3.2

Nursing care facilities(1)

127.0 129.6 131.0 0.6 0.7 1.1 2.5 2.7 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

132.3 136.4 138.4 0.7 0.9 1.5 3.8 3.8 4.6

Accommodation and food service

133.0 137.1 138.8 0.7 0.8 1.2 3.7 3.8 4.4

Other services, except public administration

131.8 134.3 135.4 0.2 0.1 0.8 2.4 2.1 2.7

Footnotes
(1) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division Indexes (Dec.2005=100) Percent changes for-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Bargaining status

Union

130.9 133.5 134.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 2.8 2.8 2.8

Goods-producing industries(1)

127.6 129.6 130.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 2.3 2.2 2.0

Manufacturing

125.2 126.9 127.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 2.4 1.9 1.8

Service-providing industries(2)

133.3 136.2 137.5 0.8 0.7 1.0 3.0 3.0 3.2

Nonunion

130.6 134.1 134.7 0.5 0.9 0.4 2.8 3.2 3.1

Goods-producing industries(1)

129.8 132.8 133.6 0.4 0.6 0.6 2.5 2.7 2.9

Manufacturing

130.3 133.1 134.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 2.5 2.6 2.8

Service-providing industries(2)

130.8 134.4 135.0 0.4 1.0 0.4 2.7 3.1 3.2

Census region and division(3)

Northeast

131.7 135.3 136.0 0.2 1.0 0.5 2.7 2.9 3.3

New England

136.8 141.3 141.5 0.3 2.8 0.1 3.6 3.6 3.4

Middle Atlantic

129.8 133.1 134.0 0.2 0.5 0.7 2.3 2.7 3.2

South

130.1 133.0 133.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.7 2.7 2.7

South Atlantic

132.0 135.1 135.9 0.7 0.4 0.6 2.9 3.1 3.0

East South Central

128.6 131.5 131.7 -0.4 0.7 0.2 2.5 1.9 2.4

West South Central

127.5 130.2 130.4 0.3 0.6 0.2 2.4 2.4 2.3

Midwest

128.1 131.4 132.3 0.5 1.0 0.7 2.2 3.1 3.3

East North Central

126.5 129.7 130.7 0.5 1.1 0.8 2.5 3.0 3.3

West North Central

132.1 135.4 136.1 0.4 0.7 0.5 1.8 2.9 3.0

West

132.9 137.1 137.8 0.5 1.0 0.5 3.3 3.7 3.7

Mountain

130.8 134.2 135.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 3.0 3.2 3.4

Pacific

133.8 138.4 138.9 0.5 1.2 0.4 3.3 3.9 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(2) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(3) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

All workers

126.7 129.0 129.7 0.5 1.3 0.5 2.1 2.3 2.4

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

125.9 128.1 128.7 0.4 1.3 0.5 2.0 2.2 2.2

Professional and related

125.7 127.8 128.5 0.4 1.2 0.5 1.9 2.1 2.2

Sales and office

126.2 128.9 129.7 0.6 1.3 0.6 1.9 2.7 2.8

Office and administrative support

126.6 129.3 130.1 0.6 1.3 0.6 1.9 2.7 2.8

Service occupations

129.3 131.7 132.6 0.5 1.0 0.7 2.2 2.4 2.6

Industry

Education and health services

125.8 128.2 128.8 0.3 1.3 0.5 1.9 2.2 2.4

Educational services

125.2 127.6 128.2 0.2 1.4 0.5 1.9 2.2 2.4

Schools

125.2 127.6 128.2 0.3 1.4 0.5 1.9 2.2 2.4

Elementary and secondary schools

124.6 127.2 127.6 0.2 1.5 0.3 1.9 2.3 2.4

Health care and social assistance

130.6 132.5 133.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 2.4 2.2 2.1

Hospitals

129.7 131.1 132.1 0.7 0.5 0.8 2.4 1.8 1.9

Public administration

127.7 129.9 130.8 0.6 0.9 0.7 2.2 2.3 2.4

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group, industry, and bargaining status Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

134.4 137.5 138.1 0.3 0.5 0.4 2.5 2.6 2.8

Private industry workers

All workers

130.2 133.2 133.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 2.3 2.5 2.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

129.1 131.7 132.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 2.5 2.2 2.3

Sales and office

130.8 134.8 135.3 0.0 0.5 0.4 1.9 3.1 3.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

132.9 136.5 136.9 0.4 0.2 0.3 2.3 3.1 3.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

131.4 133.5 133.8 0.3 0.2 0.2 2.7 1.9 1.8

Service occupations

129.7 132.3 132.8 0.4 0.6 0.4 2.0 2.4 2.4

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

128.0 129.3 129.6 0.3 -0.4 0.2 2.5 1.3 1.3

Manufacturing

128.0 128.9 129.1 0.2 -0.7 0.2 3.0 0.9 0.9

Aircraft manufacturing

118.3 98.5 97.7 0.1 -19.5 -0.8 32.0 -16.7 -17.4

Service-providing industries(3)

131.2 134.6 135.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 2.3 2.7 3.0

Bargaining status

Union

140.6 144.9 145.7 0.5 -0.1 0.6 3.3 3.6 3.6

Nonunion

128.2 130.9 131.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 2.2 2.3 2.3

State and local government workers

All workers

149.7 153.2 154.4 0.7 1.5 0.8 3.2 3.1 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation and wages and salaries, for private industry workers by area [Not seasonally adjusted]
Census region and metropolitan area(1) 12-month percent changes -
Total compensation(2) Wages and salaries
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Dec.
2017
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018

Northeast

Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT CSA

2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.0 2.0

New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA

2.4 3.1 3.7 2.4 2.8 3.6

Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA

2.7 2.5 1.9 2.4 2.9 2.0

South

Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA CSA

1.4 1.8 2.0 1.5 2.1 2.2

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK CSA

2.4 2.8 2.3 3.2 2.5 2.0

Houston-The Woodlands, TX CSA

1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 1.9

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA

2.2 2.7 2.9 2.3 3.0 3.1

Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA

2.2 2.8 2.6 3.0 3.0 2.6

Midwest

Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CSA

2.4 3.5 3.2 2.6 3.5 3.0

Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI CSA

2.8 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.2 2.7

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI CSA

1.4 4.5 5.0 1.1 4.7 5.2

West

Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA CSA

3.7 2.4 3.0 3.3 3.0 3.7

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA

2.7 3.0 3.8 3.1 3.4 4.1

San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA

3.4 4.0 3.6 3.6 4.5 3.8

Seattle-Tacoma, WA CSA

6.9 0.7 0.6 3.4 3.7 3.7

Footnotes
(1) These areas include Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Beginning with the December 2018 release, area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. Previous area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 04-03, dated February 18, 2004. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html.
(2) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Last Modified Date: January 31, 2019