TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL USDL-13-0781
8:30 A.M. (EDT) TUESDAY, APRIL 30, 2013
Technical information:
(202) 691-6199 NCSinfo@bls.gov http://www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact:
(202) 691-5902 PressOffice@bls.gov
(Note: Employment Cost Index data for September 2012, December 2012, and March 2013
contained errors in several series and have been corrected in the public database and historical
listings available on the BLS website. This news release will not be corrected. The primary errors
are in benefits data for private industry. Some additional series were also corrected. For further
information see: www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_043013.htm.)
EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX - MARCH 2013
Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.3 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month
period ending March 2013, essentially unchanged from the 0.4 percent increase for the December 2012
3-month period. Wages and salaries increased 0.5 percent for the current period compared to a
0.3 percent increase for the December 2012 period. Benefit costs decelerated to 0.1 percent in
March 2013, down from 0.6 percent in December 2012.
Civilian Workers
Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 1.8 percent for the 12-month period ending
March 2013, essentially unchanged from the March 2012 increase of 1.9 percent. Wages and salaries
increased 1.6 percent for the current 12-month period. In March 2012 the increase was 1.7 percent.
Benefit costs increased 1.9 percent for the 12-month period ending March 2013, down from the
March 2012 increase of 2.7 percent.
Benefits Data for Sales and Office Occupations Unavailable
BLS has discovered an error in the benefits data for March 2013 primarily affecting private industry
benefits data for sales and office occupations. As a result, benefits estimates for March 2013 have been
temporarily suppressed for sales and office occupations found in tables 3 and 12 of this news release.
Other benefit and compensation data may also be affected by this error. Details regarding the availability
of corrected data are at www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_043013.htm.
Private Industry Workers
Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 1.7 percent over the year. In March 2012 the
12-month increase was 2.1 percent. Wages and salaries increased 1.7 percent for the current 12-month
period. For the 12-month period ending March 2012, the increase was 1.9 percent. The increase in the
cost of benefits was 1.5 percent for the 12-month period ending March 2013, down from the
March 2012 increase of 2.8 percent.
Among occupational groups, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the
12-month period ending March 2013 ranged from 1.6 percent for sales and office occupations and
service occupations to 1.9 percent for natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.
Among industry supersectors, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the current
12-month period ranged from 0.9 percent for leisure and hospitality to 2.2 percent for information.
State and Local Government Workers
Compensation costs for state and local government workers increased 1.9 percent for the 12-month
period ending March 2013. In March 2012 the increase was 1.5 percent. Wages and salaries increased
1.0 percent for the 12-month period ending March 2013, the same as the March 2012 change. Prior
values for this series, which began in June 1982, ranged from 1.0 percent to 8.5 percent. Benefit costs
increased 3.5 percent in March 2013, up from the March 2012 increase of 2.3 percent.
________________________
The Employment Cost Index for June 2013 is scheduled to be released on
Wednesday, July 31, 2013, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT)
.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request—
Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
This release incorporates annual revisions in seasonally adjusted Employment Cost Index (ECI) data for
total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefit costs. Seasonally adjusted data for 2008-2012 were
revised to reflect updated seasonal factors.
Beginning with the December 2013 news release, the Employment Cost Index will introduce new
employment weights based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the
2012 industry North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
BLS news releases, including the ECI, are available through an e-mail subscription service at:
www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index
(Percent change)
Category 3-month, 12-month,
seasonally adjusted not seasonally adjusted
Dec. Mar. Mar. Jun. Sep. Dec. Mar.
2012 2013 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013
______________________________________________________________________________________________
CIVILIAN WORKERS[1]
Compensation[2] 0.4[3] 0.3[3] 1.9 1.7 2.0[3] 1.9[3] 1.8[3]
Wages and salaries 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6
Benefits 0.6[3] 0.1[3] 2.7 2.1 2.6[3] 2.5[3] 1.9[3]
PRIVATE INDUSTRY
Compensation[2] 0.4[3] 0.3[3] 2.1 1.8 2.0[3] 1.9[3] 1.7[3]
Wages and salaries 0.3 0.5 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7
Benefits 0.6[3] -0.3[3] 2.8 1.9 2.3[3] 2.2[3] 1.5[3]
STATE AND LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
Compensation[2] 0.5 0.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.9
Wages and salaries 0.3 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
Benefits 0.7 1.1 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.5
______________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Includes private industry and State and local government.
[2] Includes wages and salaries and benefits.
[3] Because of an error in the data, benefits data for private industry sales and office occupations have
been temporarily suppressed. Other benefit and compensation data may also be affected by this error.
Details regarding the availability of corrected data are at www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_043013.htm.
TECHNICAL NOTE
The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the
influence of employment shifts among occupations and industries. Detailed information on survey
concepts, coverage, and methods can be found in BLS Handbook of Methods, Chapter 8, “National
Compensation Measures,” Bureau of Labor Statistics, on the Internet at
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf.
Sample size
Data for the March 2013 reference period were collected from a probability sample of
approximately 45,900 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 9,200 establishments in
private industry and approximately 9,100 occupations from a sample of about 1,400 establishments in
state and local governments.
Health insurance data
Data from the ECI that provide 12-month percent changes in employer costs for health insurance
in private industry are available at www.bls.gov/ect/sp/echealth.pdf.
Historical listings
Historical listings that provide all ECI data are available at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Included
among these listings is one that provides continuous occupational and industry series. This listing uses
the Standard Industrial Classification Manual and Census of Population series through 2005 and the
North American Industry Classification System and Standard Occupational Classification from 2006 to
the present. It provides the official series from the beginning of the ECI in 1975 through the current
quarter. For more information on the criteria used in defining continuous series, see the article published
in the Monthly Labor Review at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf.
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data
The costs per hour worked of compensation components, based on data from the ECI, are
published in a separate news release titled "Employer Costs for Employee Compensation" (ECEC). The
next ECEC release is scheduled for 10:00 a.m. (EDT), Wednesday, June 12, 2013. Historical ECEC data
are available in summary documents at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Since the ECEC is calculated with
current employment weights rather than the fixed weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year
changes in the cost levels usually differ from those in the ECI.
Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), by occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. Percent changes for 3-months ended–
2005 = 100)
Occupational group and industry
Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar.
2012 2013 2011 2011 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013
Civilian workers
All workers(2)............................. 117.9 118.2 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 115.9 116.3 1.0 .3 .6 .0 .4 .6 .5 .3
Manufacturing.......................... 115.2 115.4 1.2 .2 .5 .0 .4 .6 .5 .2
Service-providing industries(4).......... 118.4 118.7 .5 .3 .4 .7 .5 .4 .4 .3
Education and health services.......... 119.0 119.5 .3 .3 .5 .7 .4 .3 .4 .4
Education services................... 118.7 119.3 .3 .2 .4 .5 .4 .4 .4 .5
Elementary and secondary schools... 118.6 119.2 .3 .0 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .5
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 118.8 119.4 .2 .3 .3 .7 .5 .7 .6 .5
Health care and social assistance(5) 119.4 119.8 .4 .3 .5 .9 .4 .3 .4 .3
Hospitals.......................... 119.8 120.1 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .4 .3
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 116.0 116.2 .5 .4 .2 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2
Public administration.................. 120.8 121.3 .3 .1 .3 .6 .6 .5 .4 .4
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 117.3 117.7 .8 .4 .4 .5 .5 .4 .4 .3
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 118.1 118.2 .7 .3 .5 .4 .6 .4 .6 .1
Management, business, and financial.... 117.5 117.7 .7 .5 .5 .3 .8 .3 .4 .2
Professional and related............... 118.5 118.6 .6 .3 .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .1
Sales and office......................... 116.7 116.9 .9 .4 .5 .7 .5 .5 .3 .2
Sales and related...................... 113.2 113.5 1.2 .5 .5 1.1 .4 .7 .0 .3
Office and administrative support...... 119.1 119.2 .6 .4 .5 .5 .5 .4 .5 .1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 118.0 118.6 .8 .5 .4 .4 .4 .5 .4 .5
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 117.9 118.7 .4 .3 .6 .2 .3 .5 .2 .7
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 118.1 118.5 1.2 .8 .3 .7 .5 .6 .6 .3
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 116.1 116.7 1.1 .2 .5 .3 .3 .5 .4 .5
Production............................. 115.1 115.6 1.2 .2 .5 .0 .4 .3 .3 .4
Transportation and material moving..... 117.6 118.3 .7 .2 .6 .7 .3 .8 .6 .6
Service occupations...................... 117.5 117.7 .3 .2 .6 .3 .4 .4 .5 .2
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 115.8 116.2 1.0 .2 .6 .1 .4 .6 .5 .3
Construction........................... 116.3 117.1 .4 .3 .7 .2 .3 .5 .4 .7
Manufacturing.......................... 115.2 115.4 1.2 .2 .5 .0 .4 .6 .5 .2
Aircraft manufacturing............... 104.6 104.8 .6 -5.7 .3 1.8 .5 4.9 .4 .2
Service-providing industries(6).......... 117.8 118.1 .6 .4 .4 .7 .5 .4 .3 .3
Trade, transportation, and utilities... 116.9 116.9 .8 .6 .5 .8 .5 .6 .3 .0
Wholesale trade...................... 115.1 114.8 1.3 .8 .7 .8 .4 1.0 -.3 -.3
Retail trade......................... 116.2 116.0 .7 .5 .5 .4 .5 .3 .3 -.2
Transportation and warehousing....... 118.5 119.4 .4 .4 .4 1.6 .4 1.0 .9 .8
Utilities............................ 126.5 126.3 .7 1.0 .8 .5 1.2 .6 1.0 -.2
Information............................ 117.1 117.7 .4 .3 .3 2.2 .9 .3 .4 .5
Financial activities................... 116.1 116.9 .6 .5 .2 .1 .8 .4 .2 .7
Finance and insurance................ 116.3 117.2 .6 .4 .2 .0 .8 .4 .2 .8
Credit intermediation and related
activities........................ 115.7 117.0 .6 .4 -.1 .3 .6 .1 .3 1.1
Insurance carriers and related
activities........................ 117.0 117.1 .7 .3 .8 -.3 .6 1.0 -.2 .1
Real estate and rental and leasing... 115.5 115.3 .6 1.1 .5 .2 1.1 .4 .4 -.2
Professional and business services..... 119.5 119.8 1.0 .3 .3 .5 .5 .3 .6 .3
Professional, scientific, and
technical services.................. 122.2 122.3 1.0 .2 .5 .3 .4 .4 .7 .1
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services 116.0 116.8 .7 .2 .4 .4 .4 .3 .6 .7
Education and health services.......... 119.0 119.3 .5 .3 .6 .9 .4 .3 .4 .3
Education services................... 119.0 119.2 .6 .3 .8 .3 .4 .3 .4 .2
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 119.5 119.9 .4 .3 .6 .8 .4 .5 .5 .3
Health care and social assistance(5) 119.0 119.3 .4 .3 .5 .9 .5 .3 .4 .3
Hospitals.......................... 119.4 119.7 .4 .3 .4 .4 .4 .3 .4 .3
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 115.3 115.4 .6 .3 .2 .4 .2 .3 .3 .1
Leisure and hospitality................ 116.5 116.5 .3 .3 .2 .3 .5 -.1 .4 .0
Accommodation and food services...... 117.3 117.1 .2 .3 .2 .1 .7 -.3 .6 -.2
Other services, except public
administration........................ 117.9 118.5 .3 .4 .8 .4 .4 .5 .3 .5
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 120.0 120.6 .3 .3 .3 .5 .5 .4 .5 .5
Industry
Education and health services.......... 119.1 119.7 .3 .2 .3 .6 .3 .5 .4 .5
Education services................... 118.7 119.3 .2 .2 .3 .5 .4 .4 .5 .5
Schools............................ 118.6 119.2 .2 .1 .4 .5 .4 .4 .4 .5
Elementary and secondary schools 118.7 119.3 .3 .1 .4 .5 .3 .3 .4 .5
Health care and social assistance(5) 122.4 123.0 .3 .4 .4 .6 .4 .2 .5 .5
Hospitals.......................... 121.4 121.8 .3 .5 .3 .5 .5 .4 .3 .3
Public administration.................. 120.8 121.3 .3 .1 .3 .6 .6 .5 .4 .4
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;
management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and
social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except
public administration; and public administration.
5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
6 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;
management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services; health care and
social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services,
except public administration.
Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. Percent changes for 3-months ended–
2005 = 100)
Occupational group and industry
Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar.
2012 2013 2011 2011 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 116.6 117.2 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)............ 115.5 116.1 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5
Manufacturing.......................... 115.0 115.6 .5 .4 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5
Service-providing industries(3).......... 116.9 117.4 .4 .4 .3 .5 .4 .3 .3 .4
Education and health services.......... 117.0 117.3 .3 .2 .4 .5 .3 .3 .3 .3
Education services................... 115.8 116.0 .2 .1 .4 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2
Elementary and secondary schools... 115.3 115.5 .2 .0 .4 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 116.4 116.8 .4 .2 .3 .6 .3 .6 .4 .3
Health care and social assistance(4) 118.3 118.8 .4 .3 .4 .8 .3 .3 .3 .4
Hospitals.......................... 118.8 119.3 .3 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .4
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 115.0 115.3 .4 .2 .1 .4 .2 .3 .3 .3
Public administration.................. 116.4 116.6 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 116.7 117.3 .5 .4 .4 .5 .4 .4 .3 .5
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 117.9 118.3 .4 .4 .3 .3 .7 .3 .5 .3
Management, business, and financial.... 117.2 117.8 .4 .6 .3 .3 .8 .2 .4 .5
Professional and related............... 118.4 118.7 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .6 .2
Sales and office......................... 115.9 116.7 .6 .5 .5 .8 .3 .5 .3 .7
Sales and related...................... 113.2 114.3 .9 .5 .7 1.2 .3 .7 -.1 1.0
Office and administrative support...... 117.9 118.5 .4 .5 .4 .3 .6 .3 .4 .5
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 116.7 117.4 .6 .5 .2 .3 .3 .4 .2 .6
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 116.7 117.2 .3 .3 .3 .1 .3 .5 .0 .4
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 116.7 117.6 1.0 .9 .1 .5 .3 .3 .3 .8
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 115.1 115.8 .4 .4 .4 .8 .2 .5 .4 .6
Production............................. 114.4 114.9 .5 .4 .5 .5 .4 .3 .5 .4
Transportation and material moving..... 116.3 117.0 .4 .2 .5 .9 .2 .6 .7 .6
Service occupations...................... 116.8 117.1 .2 .2 .5 .2 .5 .3 .5 .3
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)............ 115.5 116.1 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5
Construction........................... 115.4 116.0 .4 .2 .4 .1 .4 .4 .3 .5
Manufacturing.......................... 115.0 115.6 .5 .4 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5
Aircraft manufacturing............... 121.5 122.0 1.0 .7 .6 .7 .7 .8 .7 .4
Service-providing industries(5).......... 117.1 117.7 .4 .4 .3 .6 .5 .3 .3 .5
Trade, transportation, and utilities... 115.2 115.9 .5 .7 .5 .9 .4 .5 .2 .6
Retail trade......................... 115.8 116.5 .4 .9 .5 .5 .3 -.1 .4 .6
Transportation and warehousing....... 116.4 117.7 .3 .3 .2 1.5 .4 1.1 .7 1.1
Utilities............................ 122.1 122.9 .8 .6 .5 .4 1.2 .2 .7 .7
Information............................ 115.0 115.7 .0 .4 .2 .4 .5 .4 .6 .6
Financial activities................... 116.2 117.1 .1 .6 .1 .4 1.0 .4 .1 .8
Finance and insurance................ 117.0 118.1 .1 .4 .1 .4 1.0 .4 .1 .9
Insurance carriers and related
activities........................ 116.6 116.8 .5 .3 .9 .3 .3 1.2 -.5 .2
Professional and business services..... 119.4 119.9 .9 .3 .3 .4 .5 .3 .7 .4
Professional, scientific, and
technical services.................. 122.0 122.2 1.1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .7 .1
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services 116.1 117.1 .5 .3 .3 .6 .4 .4 .7 .8
Education and health services.......... 118.2 118.6 .5 .3 .5 .7 .4 .3 .4 .3
Education services................... 118.2 118.4 .5 .4 .8 .3 .4 .2 .3 .2
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 118.4 118.8 .4 .3 .6 .7 .4 .4 .5 .3
Health care and social assistance(4) 118.1 118.7 .5 .3 .4 .8 .3 .3 .3 .5
Hospitals.......................... 118.7 119.2 .4 .4 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .5
Leisure and hospitality................ 117.0 117.2 .2 .3 .1 .2 .7 -.2 .3 .2
Accommodation and food services...... 117.8 117.6 .3 .3 .2 .0 .8 -.3 .6 -.2
Other services, except public
administration........................ 117.0 118.1 .2 .4 .8 .3 .4 .2 .3 .9
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 116.2 116.4 .3 .1 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2
Industry
Education and health services.......... 115.8 116.0 .2 .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2
Education services................... 115.4 115.5 .2 .0 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .1
Schools............................ 115.3 115.5 .2 .0 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2
Elementary and secondary schools 115.3 115.4 .2 .0 .3 .4 .2 .1 .3 .1
Health care and social assistance(4) 119.6 119.9 .2 .3 .3 .4 .3 .1 .4 .3
Hospitals.......................... 119.1 119.5 .1 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3
Public administration.................. 116.4 116.6 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;
management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and
social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except
public administration; and public administration.
4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
5 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;
management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services; health care and
social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services,
except public administration.
Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. Percent changes for 3-months ended–
2005 = 100)
Occupational group and industry
Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar.
2012 2013 2011 2011 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 120.7 120.8 1.2 0.2 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.1
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 118.8 118.4 1.4 .2 .7 .4 .6 .6 .6 -.3
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 118.5 117.9 1.2 .3 .9 .5 .6 .5 .7 -.5
Sales and office......................... 118.7 (2) 1.4 .3 .4 .7 .7 .6 .5 (2)
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 120.6 121.2 1.3 .4 .9 .6 .8 .8 .7 .5
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 118.0 118.5 2.2 -.1 .7 -.5 .4 .6 .3 .4
Service occupations...................... 119.8 119.4 .6 .1 .8 .7 .3 .7 .8 -.3
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 116.4 116.5 2.0 -.1 .9 -.6 .5 .8 .7 .1
Manufacturing.......................... 115.5 115.1 2.4 -.3 .8 -1.0 .5 .9 .7 -.3
Service-providing industries(4).......... 119.7 119.2 1.2 .3 .7 .9 .6 .5 .5 -.4
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 127.9 129.3 .5 .4 .4 1.0 .9 .9 .7 1.1
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government.
2 Because of an error in the data, estimates for March 2013 have been temporarily suppressed. Details regarding
the timing and the extent of the corrections are available at www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_043013.htm.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services;
management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services; health care and
social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services,
except public administration.
Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for civilian workers, by occupational group and
industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Civilian workers
All workers(2)............................. 116.2 117.7 118.3 0.6 0.2 0.5 1.9 1.9 1.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(3) 116.7 118.1 118.6 .6 .3 .4 1.8 1.8 1.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 116.8 118.1 118.8 .9 .3 .6 1.8 2.0 1.7
Management, business, and financial.... 116.2 117.5 118.2 .8 .2 .6 2.0 1.9 1.7
Professional and related............... 117.1 118.5 119.1 .8 .3 .5 1.7 2.0 1.7
Sales and office......................... 115.4 116.9 117.2 .7 .0 .3 2.5 2.0 1.6
Sales and related...................... 111.4 113.3 113.1 .5 -.2 -.2 3.2 2.3 1.5
Office and administrative support...... 117.7 119.1 119.7 .8 .2 .5 2.0 2.0 1.7
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 116.7 118.1 118.8 .5 .1 .6 2.2 1.7 1.8
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 116.7 118.0 118.6 .2 .0 .5 1.6 1.3 1.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 116.6 118.3 118.9 .9 .3 .5 2.9 2.3 2.0
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 114.9 116.5 117.0 .3 .3 .4 2.0 1.7 1.8
Production............................. 113.9 115.1 115.6 .1 .2 .4 1.9 1.1 1.5
Transportation and material moving..... 116.2 118.2 118.8 .5 .4 .5 2.1 2.2 2.2
Service occupations...................... 117.3 118.7 119.2 .6 .3 .4 1.4 1.8 1.6
Industry
Goods-producing industries(4)............ 114.1 115.6 116.3 .2 .2 .6 1.8 1.5 1.9
Manufacturing.......................... 113.4 114.9 115.5 .3 .3 .5 1.8 1.6 1.9
Service-providing industries(5).......... 116.6 118.1 118.6 .7 .3 .4 2.0 2.0 1.7
Education and health services.......... 117.5 119.0 119.5 .6 .2 .4 1.7 1.9 1.7
Education services................... 117.1 118.8 119.2 .3 .2 .3 1.4 1.8 1.8
Elementary and secondary schools... 117.1 118.7 119.1 .3 .1 .3 1.2 1.6 1.7
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 116.7 118.8 119.4 .6 .3 .5 1.5 2.4 2.3
Health care and social assistance(6) 118.0 119.3 119.9 1.0 .3 .5 2.2 2.1 1.6
Hospitals.......................... 118.5 119.7 120.2 .6 .3 .4 1.7 1.6 1.4
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 115.0 115.9 116.4 .6 .2 .4 1.4 1.4 1.2
Public administration.................. 119.1 120.7 121.4 .8 .2 .6 1.4 2.1 1.9
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government.
3 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
4 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
5 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other
services, except public administration; and public administration.
6 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by occupational
group and industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Private industry workers
All workers.................................. 115.7 117.2 117.7 0.6 0.3 0.4 2.1 1.9 1.7
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2).. 116.2 117.6 118.1 .6 .3 .4 1.9 1.8 1.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related...... 116.4 117.7 118.4 .9 .3 .6 2.0 2.0 1.7
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 116.5 117.7 118.4 .8 .3 .6 1.9 1.8 1.6
Management, business, and financial...... 116.0 117.1 117.9 .9 .2 .7 2.1 1.8 1.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 116.3 117.3 118.2 .8 .1 .8 1.9 1.6 1.6
Professional and related................. 116.8 118.2 118.8 1.0 .4 .5 1.9 2.2 1.7
Sales and office........................... 115.0 116.5 116.8 .7 .0 .3 2.6 2.0 1.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 116.6 118.0 118.3 .7 .3 .3 2.0 1.9 1.5
Sales and related........................ 111.4 113.2 113.0 .6 -.3 -.2 3.3 2.3 1.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 114.8 116.1 115.8 .5 .3 -.3 1.9 1.7 .9
Office and administrative support........ 117.5 118.8 119.4 .9 .3 .5 2.1 2.0 1.6
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................... 116.3 117.8 118.5 .4 .1 .6 2.2 1.7 1.9
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................... 116.6 117.9 118.5 .1 .1 .5 1.6 1.2 1.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 116.1 117.8 118.5 1.0 .3 .6 3.1 2.4 2.1
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................... 114.5 116.1 116.6 .3 .3 .4 2.0 1.7 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 114.6 116.1 116.7 .1 .3 .5 1.8 1.4 1.8
Production............................... 113.8 115.0 115.5 .0 .2 .4 1.9 1.1 1.5
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 114.0 115.2 115.6 .0 .2 .3 1.9 1.1 1.4
Transportation and material moving....... 115.5 117.6 118.1 .5 .5 .4 2.2 2.3 2.3
Service occupations........................ 116.0 117.4 117.8 .5 .4 .3 1.3 1.7 1.6
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(3).............. 114.1 115.6 116.2 .3 .3 .5 1.9 1.6 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 114.5 116.0 116.6 .3 .3 .5 1.8 1.6 1.8
Management, professional, and related.. 113.2 114.6 115.6 .8 .3 .9 2.2 2.0 2.1
Sales and office....................... 113.5 115.6 115.9 .9 .2 .3 2.8 2.8 2.1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 115.8 117.6 118.1 -.1 .3 .4 1.4 1.5 2.0
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 113.4 114.8 115.3 -.2 .2 .4 1.6 1.1 1.7
Construction............................. 114.6 116.3 116.9 .1 .3 .5 1.6 1.6 2.0
Manufacturing............................ 113.4 114.9 115.5 .3 .3 .5 1.8 1.6 1.9
Management, professional, and related 113.2 114.4 115.4 .9 .3 .9 2.1 2.0 1.9
Sales and office..................... 115.1 116.6 116.7 1.2 .2 .1 2.6 2.6 1.4
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance......................... 113.7 116.4 117.1 -.4 .3 .6 1.5 1.9 3.0
Production, transportation, and
material moving..................... 113.1 114.5 115.0 -.3 .2 .4 1.5 1.0 1.7
Aircraft manufacturing................. 99.2 104.2 105.2 2.6 .0 1.0 -3.0 7.8 6.0
Service-providing industries(4)............ 116.3 117.7 118.2 .9 .3 .4 2.2 2.1 1.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 116.8 118.1 118.7 .7 .3 .5 1.9 1.8 1.6
Management, professional, and related.. 117.0 118.3 118.9 .9 .3 .5 1.9 2.0 1.6
Sales and office....................... 115.1 116.6 116.9 .7 .0 .3 2.5 2.0 1.6
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 117.2 118.2 119.1 1.4 -.2 .8 3.5 2.2 1.6
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 116.0 117.7 118.3 .8 .4 .5 2.6 2.3 2.0
Service occupations.................... 116.0 117.4 117.8 .5 .5 .3 1.3 1.7 1.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 115.2 116.7 116.8 1.0 .1 .1 2.9 2.3 1.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 116.1 117.5 117.9 .7 .2 .3 2.1 1.9 1.6
Wholesale trade........................ 113.9 114.9 114.8 1.0 -.4 -.1 3.6 1.9 .8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 116.2 117.1 117.3 .6 .3 .2 2.7 1.4 .9
Retail trade........................... 114.9 116.1 115.9 .4 .2 -.2 2.2 1.5 .9
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 115.0 116.1 115.8 .3 .1 -.3 1.5 1.3 .7
Transportation and warehousing......... 115.7 118.1 119.4 1.8 .4 1.1 2.8 4.0 3.2
Utilities.............................. 122.9 125.7 126.3 1.1 .2 .5 3.0 3.4 2.8
Information.............................. 115.2 116.9 117.7 2.4 .3 .7 3.2 3.9 2.2
Financial activities..................... 114.4 115.9 116.8 .2 -.1 .8 1.3 1.5 2.1
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 115.6 116.6 117.5 .1 .1 .8 1.3 1.0 1.6
Finance and insurance.................. 114.6 116.0 117.1 .1 -.2 .9 1.1 1.3 2.2
Credit intermediation and related
activities.......................... 114.4 115.7 116.9 .3 .3 1.0 1.2 1.4 2.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 117.3 118.1 119.2 .1 .3 .9 1.6 .8 1.6
Insurance carriers and related
activities.......................... 115.3 116.5 117.1 .1 -.7 .5 1.4 1.1 1.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 115.6 117.0 117.9 -.1 .0 .8 1.0 1.1 2.0
Real estate and rental and leasing..... 113.5 115.2 115.5 .5 .2 .3 2.4 2.0 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 116.4 118.1 118.6 .6 .0 .4 2.2 2.1 1.9
Professional and business services....... 117.9 119.3 119.9 .7 .5 .5 2.1 1.9 1.7
Professional, scientific, and technical
services.............................. 120.7 121.9 122.5 .8 .5 .5 2.1 1.8 1.5
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services... 114.3 116.0 116.7 .4 .7 .6 1.8 1.8 2.1
Education and health services............ 117.6 118.9 119.4 .9 .3 .4 2.2 2.1 1.5
Education services..................... 117.6 119.0 119.2 .3 .1 .2 2.1 1.4 1.4
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools............................. 117.8 119.5 119.9 .8 .2 .3 2.2 2.2 1.8
Health care and social assistance(5)... 117.6 118.9 119.4 1.0 .3 .4 2.3 2.1 1.5
Hospitals............................ 118.1 119.4 119.8 .5 .4 .3 1.6 1.6 1.4
Nursing and residential care
facilities.......................... 114.4 115.2 115.5 .6 .3 .3 1.5 1.3 1.0
Nursing care facilities(2)......... 114.7 115.2 115.4 .4 .1 .2 1.3 .9 .6
Leisure and hospitality.................. 115.6 116.5 116.6 .3 .4 .1 1.0 1.1 .9
Accommodation and food services........ 116.3 117.3 117.2 .3 .5 -.1 .8 1.1 .8
Other services, except public
administration.......................... 116.6 117.7 118.8 .9 .1 .9 1.9 1.8 1.9
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by bargaining
status and census region and division
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Bargaining status and census region and
division 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Bargaining status
Union.................................... 118.3 120.5 121.3 0.3 0.2 0.7 2.3 2.2 2.5
Goods-producing industries(2).......... 115.8 118.0 118.5 -.9 .3 .4 1.3 .9 2.3
Manufacturing........................ 112.1 113.7 113.8 -1.5 .1 .1 1.1 -.1 1.5
Service-providing industries(3)........ 120.4 122.6 123.7 1.3 .3 .9 3.1 3.2 2.7
Nonunion................................. 115.3 116.7 117.1 .7 .3 .3 2.0 1.9 1.6
Goods-producing industries(2).......... 113.5 114.9 115.5 .5 .3 .5 2.0 1.8 1.8
Manufacturing........................ 113.9 115.3 116.0 .8 .3 .6 2.1 2.0 1.8
Service-providing industries(3)........ 115.8 117.1 117.6 .7 .2 .4 2.0 1.8 1.6
Census region and division(4)
Northeast................................ 116.5 117.9 118.6 .3 .3 .6 1.8 1.6 1.8
New England............................ 116.9 118.5 118.8 .5 .3 .3 1.8 1.9 1.6
Middle Atlantic........................ 116.4 117.6 118.5 .3 .1 .8 1.8 1.4 1.8
South.................................... 116.0 117.8 118.4 .9 .4 .5 2.3 2.4 2.1
South Atlantic......................... 116.4 118.4 118.9 .9 .4 .4 2.3 2.6 2.1
East South Central..................... 114.0 115.9 116.4 .7 .4 .4 1.7 2.4 2.1
West South Central..................... 116.2 117.7 118.3 1.0 .5 .5 2.7 2.3 1.8
Midwest.................................. 114.7 115.9 116.2 .7 .2 .3 2.2 1.8 1.3
East North Central..................... 113.9 114.8 115.1 .6 .1 .3 2.1 1.4 1.1
West North Central..................... 116.9 118.7 119.0 1.1 .3 .3 2.6 2.7 1.8
West..................................... 115.7 116.9 117.5 .5 .0 .5 1.9 1.6 1.6
Mountain............................... 115.4 115.7 116.4 .1 -.7 .6 1.8 .3 .9
Pacific................................ 115.9 117.4 118.0 .7 .3 .5 2.0 2.0 1.8
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England:
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New
York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi,
and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois,
Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,
North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and
Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and
industry series. Dashes indicate data not available.
Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for State and local government workers, by
occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 118.3 119.9 120.5 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.5 1.9 1.9
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 117.6 119.2 119.7 .6 .2 .4 1.5 2.0 1.8
Professional and related............... 117.5 119.0 119.6 .5 .2 .5 1.4 1.8 1.8
Sales and office......................... 118.9 120.9 121.6 .4 .2 .6 1.5 2.1 2.3
Office and administrative support...... 119.1 121.0 121.7 .4 .2 .6 1.4 2.0 2.2
Service occupations...................... 120.1 121.7 122.4 .5 .2 .6 1.4 1.8 1.9
Industry
Education and health services............ 117.5 119.1 119.6 .4 .1 .4 1.4 1.8 1.8
Education services..................... 117.0 118.7 119.2 .3 .1 .4 1.3 1.8 1.9
Schools(2)........................... 117.0 118.7 119.1 .4 .2 .3 1.3 1.9 1.8
Elementary and secondary schools... 117.2 118.7 119.1 .3 .0 .3 1.2 1.5 1.6
Health care and social assistance(3)... 121.1 122.2 123.1 .8 .2 .7 1.8 1.7 1.7
Hospitals............................ 120.1 121.2 122.0 .8 .2 .7 1.6 1.7 1.6
Public administration.................... 119.1 120.7 121.4 .8 .2 .6 1.4 2.1 1.9
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes elementary and secondary schools; junior colleges; colleges, universities, and professional
schools.
3 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and
industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 115.3 116.5 117.1 0.6 0.2 0.5 1.7 1.7 1.6
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2) 115.6 116.8 117.5 .4 .3 .6 1.4 1.5 1.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 115.9 117.1 117.7 .6 .3 .5 1.5 1.6 1.6
Management, business, and financial.... 115.6 116.8 117.7 .6 .2 .8 1.5 1.7 1.8
Professional and related............... 116.0 117.4 117.7 .5 .4 .3 1.4 1.7 1.5
Sales and office......................... 114.3 115.8 116.4 .5 .0 .5 2.3 1.8 1.8
Sales and related...................... 111.4 113.1 113.5 .5 -.5 .4 3.3 2.1 1.9
Office and administrative support...... 116.2 117.5 118.3 .6 .3 .7 1.7 1.7 1.8
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 115.7 116.7 117.2 .3 .1 .4 1.7 1.1 1.3
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 115.6 116.6 117.0 .0 .0 .3 1.0 .9 1.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 115.7 116.9 117.6 .4 .3 .6 2.3 1.5 1.6
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 113.9 115.2 115.9 .7 .3 .6 1.9 1.9 1.8
Production............................. 113.3 114.3 115.1 .8 .3 .7 1.9 1.7 1.6
Transportation and material moving..... 114.6 116.4 116.9 .7 .4 .4 1.8 2.3 2.0
Service occupations...................... 115.7 117.0 117.3 .3 .4 .3 1.0 1.4 1.4
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 114.0 115.4 116.1 .4 .3 .6 1.6 1.7 1.8
Manufacturing.......................... 113.6 114.8 115.7 .8 .2 .8 1.9 1.9 1.8
Service-providing industries(4).......... 115.5 116.8 117.3 .5 .3 .4 1.7 1.7 1.6
Education and health services.......... 115.8 117.0 117.3 .4 .3 .3 1.4 1.5 1.3
Education services................... 114.8 115.9 116.0 .2 .2 .1 1.1 1.1 1.0
Elementary and secondary schools... 114.5 115.4 115.4 .1 .1 .0 .8 .9 .8
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 114.7 116.5 116.8 .4 .3 .3 1.3 2.0 1.8
Health care and social assistance(5) 117.1 118.3 118.8 .8 .3 .4 1.9 1.8 1.5
Hospitals.......................... 117.6 118.8 119.3 .3 .4 .4 1.6 1.4 1.4
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 114.2 115.0 115.3 .4 .3 .3 1.1 1.1 1.0
Public administration.................. 115.6 116.3 116.7 .5 .2 .3 1.0 1.1 1.0
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government.
2 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other
services, except public administration; and public administration.
5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and
industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Private industry workers
All workers.................................. 115.3 116.6 117.3 0.6 0.2 0.6 1.9 1.7 1.7
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1).. 115.7 117.0 117.8 .4 .3 .7 1.5 1.6 1.8
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related...... 116.3 117.7 118.4 .7 .3 .6 1.7 1.9 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 116.4 117.6 118.4 .5 .3 .7 1.6 1.6 1.7
Management, business, and financial...... 115.7 116.9 117.9 .6 .2 .9 1.6 1.7 1.9
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 116.1 117.0 118.2 .6 .1 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.8
Professional and related................. 116.7 118.2 118.8 .7 .4 .5 1.7 2.0 1.8
Sales and office........................... 114.3 115.8 116.5 .6 .0 .6 2.4 1.9 1.9
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 115.9 117.1 117.9 .5 .3 .7 1.7 1.6 1.7
Sales and related........................ 111.5 113.2 113.6 .5 -.4 .4 3.4 2.1 1.9
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 114.9 116.0 116.6 .3 .3 .5 1.5 1.3 1.5
Office and administrative support........ 116.4 117.7 118.6 .6 .3 .8 1.7 1.7 1.9
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................... 115.6 116.7 117.2 .2 .1 .4 1.7 1.1 1.4
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................... 115.7 116.7 117.1 .0 -.1 .3 1.0 .9 1.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 115.5 116.7 117.5 .4 .3 .7 2.5 1.5 1.7
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................... 113.7 115.1 115.8 .8 .3 .6 1.9 2.0 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 113.9 115.2 116.0 .7 .3 .7 1.7 1.9 1.8
Production............................... 113.2 114.2 115.0 .8 .3 .7 1.9 1.7 1.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 113.4 114.3 115.1 .9 .2 .7 1.9 1.7 1.5
Transportation and material moving....... 114.4 116.3 116.8 .7 .5 .4 2.0 2.4 2.1
Service occupations........................ 115.4 116.8 117.2 .3 .5 .3 1.1 1.5 1.6
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(2).............. 114.0 115.4 116.1 .4 .3 .6 1.6 1.7 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 114.5 115.9 116.6 .4 .3 .6 1.5 1.7 1.8
Management, professional, and related.. 114.4 115.9 117.1 .6 .2 1.0 1.7 1.9 2.4
Sales and office....................... 113.2 115.1 115.5 .8 .0 .3 2.9 2.5 2.0
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 115.3 116.7 116.9 .0 .3 .2 1.1 1.2 1.4
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 112.9 114.0 114.8 .6 .3 .7 1.6 1.6 1.7
Construction............................. 113.9 115.5 115.8 -.2 .3 .3 1.1 1.2 1.7
Manufacturing............................ 113.6 114.8 115.7 .8 .2 .8 1.9 1.9 1.8
Management, professional, and related 114.3 115.8 116.9 .8 .3 .9 1.8 2.1 2.3
Sales and office..................... 114.9 116.0 116.3 1.2 -.1 .3 2.7 2.2 1.2
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance......................... 114.1 116.0 116.9 .5 .3 .8 1.7 2.2 2.5
Production, transportation, and
material moving..................... 112.7 113.7 114.6 .6 .2 .8 1.7 1.5 1.7
Aircraft manufacturing................. 119.6 120.6 122.7 2.0 .0 1.7 2.9 2.8 2.6
Service-providing industries(3)............ 115.6 117.0 117.7 .6 .3 .6 1.9 1.8 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 116.1 117.4 118.1 .5 .3 .6 1.5 1.6 1.7
Management, professional, and related.. 116.6 118.0 118.7 .7 .4 .6 1.6 1.9 1.8
Sales and office....................... 114.4 115.9 116.6 .5 .0 .6 2.4 1.8 1.9
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 116.2 116.8 117.8 .6 -.2 .9 2.7 1.1 1.4
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 114.7 116.4 117.0 1.0 .4 .5 2.2 2.5 2.0
Service occupations.................... 115.4 116.8 117.2 .3 .5 .3 1.1 1.5 1.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 113.9 115.1 115.8 .9 .0 .6 2.7 1.9 1.7
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 114.7 115.8 116.9 .5 .2 .9 1.7 1.5 1.9
Wholesale trade........................ 111.6 112.4 112.7 1.3 -.7 .3 3.5 2.0 1.0
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 113.6 114.4 115.1 .7 .4 .6 2.0 1.4 1.3
Retail trade........................... 114.9 115.7 116.3 .4 .3 .5 2.4 1.1 1.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 114.9 115.5 116.3 .3 .1 .7 1.4 .9 1.2
Transportation and warehousing......... 113.7 116.3 117.5 1.4 .4 1.0 2.2 3.7 3.3
Utilities.............................. 119.6 121.7 122.9 .7 .3 1.0 2.3 2.4 2.8
Information.............................. 113.1 114.8 115.6 .4 .3 .7 1.0 2.0 2.2
Financial activities..................... 114.3 116.0 117.0 .4 -.3 .9 1.2 1.9 2.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 115.6 116.7 117.6 .3 .0 .8 1.1 1.3 1.7
Finance and insurance.................. 115.0 116.8 117.9 .4 -.3 .9 1.0 2.0 2.5
Credit intermediation and related
activities.......................... 113.0 114.7 116.0 .9 .3 1.1 1.1 2.4 2.7
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 116.2 117.6 118.6 .9 .3 .9 1.3 2.1 2.1
Insurance carriers and related
activities.......................... 115.3 116.3 116.7 .4 -.9 .3 1.9 1.3 1.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 115.1 116.5 117.2 .2 -.1 .6 1.2 1.4 1.8
Real estate and rental and leasing..... 111.5 112.9 113.1 .4 .4 .2 2.1 1.6 1.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 114.6 115.9 116.6 .4 .1 .6 1.8 1.6 1.7
Professional and business services....... 117.6 119.3 119.9 .5 .7 .5 1.7 2.0 2.0
Professional, scientific, and technical
services.............................. 120.4 121.8 122.4 .7 .6 .5 1.9 1.8 1.7
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services... 114.1 116.2 116.9 .4 .9 .6 1.6 2.2 2.5
Education and health services............ 116.9 118.2 118.6 .7 .3 .3 2.0 1.8 1.5
Education services..................... 117.1 118.3 118.3 .3 .2 .0 2.1 1.3 1.0
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools............................. 116.8 118.5 118.8 .6 .3 .3 2.1 2.1 1.7
Health care and social assistance(4)... 116.9 118.2 118.6 .8 .4 .3 2.0 1.9 1.5
Hospitals............................ 117.4 118.8 119.2 .3 .4 .3 1.6 1.5 1.5
Nursing and residential care
facilities.......................... 114.1 114.9 115.2 .4 .3 .3 1.2 1.1 1.0
Nursing care facilities(1)......... 114.3 114.8 115.2 .4 .1 .3 1.1 .8 .8
Leisure and hospitality.................. 116.1 117.1 117.2 .3 .3 .1 .8 1.1 .9
Accommodation and food services........ 116.6 117.8 117.7 .1 .5 -.1 .8 1.1 .9
Other services, except public
administration.......................... 116.1 116.7 118.3 .8 .0 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.9
1 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status
and census region and division
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Bargaining status and census region and
division 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Bargaining status
Union.................................... 115.6 117.4 118.4 0.6 0.4 0.9 1.8 2.2 2.4
Goods-producing industries(1).......... 113.5 115.0 115.7 .5 .5 .6 1.6 1.9 1.9
Manufacturing........................ 111.5 112.5 113.5 .7 .4 .9 1.9 1.6 1.8
Service-providing industries(2)........ 117.0 119.1 120.4 .6 .3 1.1 1.7 2.4 2.9
Nonunion................................. 115.2 116.5 117.2 .5 .2 .6 1.8 1.7 1.7
Goods-producing industries(1).......... 114.2 115.5 116.2 .4 .2 .6 1.7 1.6 1.8
Manufacturing........................ 114.1 115.4 116.2 .7 .2 .7 1.8 1.9 1.8
Service-providing industries(2)........ 115.5 116.8 117.4 .6 .3 .5 1.9 1.7 1.6
Census region and division(3)
Northeast................................ 115.8 117.0 117.6 .4 .3 .5 1.8 1.5 1.6
New England............................ 116.6 118.2 118.6 .5 .3 .3 1.8 1.9 1.7
Middle Atlantic........................ 115.4 116.5 117.3 .3 .1 .7 1.8 1.3 1.6
South.................................... 116.0 117.8 118.7 .7 .4 .8 2.0 2.3 2.3
South Atlantic......................... 116.4 118.5 119.2 .7 .4 .6 2.1 2.5 2.4
East South Central..................... 114.1 115.4 116.3 .5 .4 .8 1.3 1.7 1.9
West South Central..................... 116.1 117.7 118.7 .8 .5 .8 2.1 2.2 2.2
Midwest.................................. 113.8 115.0 115.5 .8 .3 .4 1.8 1.9 1.5
East North Central..................... 112.7 113.5 114.1 .7 .1 .5 1.6 1.4 1.2
West North Central..................... 116.5 118.5 119.0 1.0 .4 .4 2.2 2.7 2.1
West..................................... 115.4 116.4 117.1 .4 -.1 .6 1.6 1.3 1.5
Mountain............................... 115.2 115.2 116.0 .0 -.9 .7 1.3 .0 .7
Pacific................................ 115.5 117.0 117.6 .5 .3 .5 1.7 1.8 1.8
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
2 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England:
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New
York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North
Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi,
and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois,
Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska,
North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and
Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and
industry series. Dashes indicate data not available.
Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for State and local government workers, by
occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 115.2 116.2 116.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.0
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 114.9 115.9 116.0 .3 .2 .1 1.0 1.2 1.0
Professional and related............... 114.9 115.9 116.0 .3 .3 .1 1.0 1.1 1.0
Sales and office......................... 114.5 115.6 115.9 .3 .1 .3 .9 1.2 1.2
Office and administrative support...... 114.9 115.9 116.3 .3 .1 .3 .9 1.1 1.2
Service occupations...................... 116.6 117.4 117.8 .3 .1 .3 1.0 .9 1.0
Industry
Education and health services............ 114.8 115.8 116.0 .2 .1 .2 .9 1.0 1.0
Education services..................... 114.3 115.4 115.5 .2 .1 .1 .8 1.1 1.0
Schools(1)........................... 114.3 115.4 115.5 .2 .1 .1 .8 1.1 1.0
Elementary and secondary schools... 114.5 115.3 115.3 .2 .1 .0 .8 .9 .7
Health care and social assistance(2)... 118.8 119.4 120.0 .6 .3 .5 1.3 1.1 1.0
Hospitals............................ 118.2 119.0 119.7 .6 .3 .6 1.0 1.3 1.3
Public administration.................... 115.6 116.3 116.7 .5 .2 .3 1.0 1.1 1.0
1 Includes elementary and secondary schools; junior colleges; colleges, universities, and professional
schools.
2 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group, industry, and
bargaining status 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 118.6 120.4 120.9 0.9 0.2 0.4 2.7 2.5 1.9
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 116.9 118.4 118.6 .9 .3 .2 2.8 2.2 1.5
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 116.8 117.9 118.4 1.4 .2 .4 3.0 2.3 1.4
Sales and office......................... 116.7 118.4 (2) 1.0 .3 (2) 2.9 2.5 (2)
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 117.9 120.3 121.2 .9 .2 .7 3.3 3.0 2.8
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 116.1 118.0 118.2 -.8 .3 .2 2.3 .9 1.8
Service occupations...................... 118.1 119.3 119.8 1.5 .4 .4 2.3 2.5 1.4
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 114.2 116.0 116.5 -.2 .3 .4 2.2 1.4 2.0
Manufacturing.......................... 113.2 115.0 115.2 -.6 .3 .2 1.9 1.0 1.8
Aircraft manufacturing............... 77.3 86.6 86.5 3.6 .0 -.1 -11.6 16.1 11.9
Service-providing industries(4).......... 118.0 119.4 119.4 1.4 .3 .0 3.1 2.6 1.2
Bargaining status
Union.................................... 122.9 125.6 126.2 .1 .1 .5 3.3 2.3 2.7
Nonunion................................. 115.6 116.9 117.0 1.0 .3 .1 2.7 2.2 1.2
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 124.8 127.8 129.2 1.0 .2 1.1 2.3 3.4 3.5
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government.
2 Because of an error in the data, estimates for March 2013 have been temporarily suppressed. Details
regarding the timing and the extent of the corrections are available at
www.bls.gov/bls/eci_corrections_043013.htm.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; education services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation,(1) and wages and salaries,
for private industry workers, by area
Percent changes for 12-months ended–
Census region and metropolitan area Total compensation Wages and salaries
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2012 2012 2013 2012 2012 2013
Northeast
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH CSA... 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.5
New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA
CSA..................................... 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.7
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD
CSA..................................... 2.1 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5
South
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville, GA-AL
CSA..................................... 3.2 4.8 4.1 2.7 4.4 4.1
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX CSA................ 2.6 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.8
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX CSA....... 1.7 2.8 1.8 1.5 2.8 2.1
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL
MSA..................................... 1.6 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.8
Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia,
DC-MD-VA-WV CSA......................... 1.8 1.4 2.1 1.4 1.1 2.2
Midwest
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI CSA............................ 1.8 2.0 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.4
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI CSA............. 1.9 -.2 1.7 1.2 2.5 2.5
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI CSA 1.8 .9 1.3 1.3 .4 1.2
West
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA 1.6 2.6 1.9 1.4 2.4 1.7
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA.......... 1.5 .6 .7 1.0 1.2 2.1
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA... 2.1 2.7 2.7 1.4 2.4 2.8
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA CSA........... .8 3.1 3.2 1.7 2.0 2.1
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
United States Department of Labor
