TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL USDL-15-0757
8:30 A.M. (EDT) THURSDAY, April 30, 2015
Technical information: (202) 691-6199 ncsinfo@bls.gov www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 pressoffice@bls.gov
EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX - MARCH 2015
Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.7 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month
period ending March 2015, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries
(which make up about 70 percent of compensation costs) increased 0.7 percent, and benefits (which
make up the remaining 30 percent of compensation) increased 0.6 percent.
Civilian Workers
Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 2.6 percent for the 12-month period ending
March 2015, rising from the March 2014 increase in compensation costs of 1.8 percent. Wages and
salaries increased 2.6 percent for the 12-month period ending March 2015, which was higher than the
1.6-percent increase in March 2014. Benefit costs increased 2.7 percent for the 12-month period ending
March 2015, compared with a 2.1-percent increase for the 12-month period ending March 2014. (See
tables A, 4, 8, and 12.)
Private Industry Workers
Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 2.8 percent over the year, higher than the
March 2014 increase of 1.7 percent. Wages and salaries increased 2.8 percent for the current 12-month
period ending March 2015, also higher than the March 2014 increase of 1.7 percent. The cost of benefits
rose 2.6 percent for the 12-month period ending March 2015, which was higher than March 2014, when
the increase was 1.8 percent. (See tables A, 5, 9, and 12.) Employer costs for health benefits increased
2.5 percent over the year. The 12-month percent change for March 2014 was an increase of 2.4 percent.
Among occupational groups, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the
12-month period ending March 2015 ranged from 2.3 percent for natural resources, construction, and
maintenance occupations and service occupations to 3.4 percent for sales and office occupations.
Among industry supersectors, compensation cost increases for private industry workers for the current
12-month period ranged from 1.8 percent for construction to 6.1 percent for information.
State and Local Government Workers
Compensation costs for state and local government workers increased 2.1 percent for the 12-month
period ending March 2015, compared with a 1.9-percent increase for March 2014. Wages and salaries
increased 1.8 percent for the 12-month period ending March 2015. In March 2014, the increase was
1.2 percent. Benefit costs increased 2.8 percent in March 2015. In March 2014, the increase was 3.0
percent. (See tables A, 7, 11, and 12.)
The Employment Cost Index for June 2015 is scheduled to be released on
Friday, July 31, 2015, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request—Voice
phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339
This release incorporates annual revisions in seasonally adjusted Employment Cost Index (ECI) data for
total compensation, wages and salaries, and benefit costs. Seasonally adjusted data for 2010-2014 were
revised to reflect updated seasonal factors. For further information on seasonal adjustment, see the
technical note.
BLS news releases, including the ECI, are available through an e-mail subscription service at:
www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm.
Upcoming Changes to News Release Format
There will be some changes to the format of this news release beginning with the June 2015 ECI release.
The changes include the addition of several charts to the analysis section and some minor changes to the
tables. For further information, see www.bls.gov/ect/#notices on or after Monday, May 4, 2015.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index
(Percent change)
Category 3-month, 12-month,
seasonally adjusted not seasonally adjusted
Dec. Mar. Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar.
2014 2015 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015
______________________________________________________________________________________________
CIVILIAN WORKERS[1]
Compensation[2] 0.5 0.7 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.6
Wages and salaries 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.6
Benefits 0.6 0.6 2.1 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.7
PRIVATE INDUSTRY
Compensation[2] 0.5 0.7 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.8
Wages and salaries 0.5 0.7 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.8
Benefits 0.5 0.6 1.8 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.6
STATE AND LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
Compensation[2] 0.6 0.5 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1
Wages and salaries 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.8
Benefits 0.9 0.5 3.0 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.8
______________________________________________________________________________________________
[1] Includes private industry and State and local government.
[2] Includes wages and salaries and benefits.
TECHNICAL NOTE
The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the influence of
employment shifts among occupations and industries. Detailed information on survey concepts,
coverage, methods, nonresponse adjustment, and imputation can be found in BLS Handbook of Methods,
Chapter 8, “National Compensation Measures,” Bureau of Labor Statistics, on the Internet at
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch8.pdf.
Sample size
Data for the March 2015 reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately
37,400 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 8,600 private industry establishments
and approximately 8,900 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,500 state and
local government establishments that provided data at the initial interview.
Health insurance data
Data from the ECI that provide 12-month percent changes in employer costs for health insurance in
private industry are available at www.bls.gov/web/eci/echealth.pdf.
Historical listings
Historical listings that provide all ECI data are available at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Included among
these listings is one that provides continuous occupational and industry series. This listing uses the
Standard Industrial Classification Manual and Census of Population series through 2005 and the North
American Industry Classification System and Standard Occupational Classification from 2006 to the
present. It provides the official series from the beginning of the ECI in 1975 through the current quarter.
For more information on the criteria used in defining continuous series, see the article published in the
Monthly Labor Review at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf.
Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data
The costs per hour worked of compensation components, based on data from the ECI, are published in a
separate news release titled "Employer Costs for Employee Compensation" (ECEC). The next ECEC
release is scheduled for 10:00 a.m. (EDT), Wednesday, June 10, 2015. Historical ECEC data are
available in summary documents at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Since the ECEC is calculated with current
employment weights rather than the fixed weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year changes in
the cost levels usually differ from those in the ECI.
Seasonal Adjustment Revisions
Each year data series are reviewed for seasonal patterns. When seasonality is found, data are published
as a seasonally adjusted series. Based on this review for 2015, the seasonally adjusted private industry
service occupations wages and salaries series was dropped, while a seasonally adjusted series for private
industry nursing and residential care facilities wages and salaries was added. Historical data for the latter
series, beginning with March 2010, are now available. For additional information regarding the annual
seasonal adjustment process please visit www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectsfact.htm.
Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), by occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. Percent changes for 3-months ended–
2005 = 100)
Occupational group and industry
Dec. Mar. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar.
2014 2015 2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015
Civilian workers
All workers(2)............................. 122.8 123.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 120.5 121.1 .6 .4 .3 .4 .6 .5 .5 .6 .5
Manufacturing.......................... 120.0 120.8 .4 .5 .4 .4 .7 .5 .6 .6 .7
Service-providing industries(4).......... 123.4 124.2 .5 .5 .4 .5 .3 .8 .6 .6 .6
Education and health services.......... 123.4 124.0 .4 .4 .4 .5 .3 .5 .4 .7 .5
Educational services................. 123.1 123.8 .4 .5 .3 .5 .4 .5 .5 .6 .6
Elementary and secondary schools... 122.6 123.3 .4 .3 .2 .5 .4 .5 .5 .5 .6
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 123.8 124.5 .5 .6 .5 .5 .6 .4 .4 .7 .6
Health care and social assistance(5) 123.7 124.2 .4 .4 .6 .5 .1 .7 .3 .7 .4
Hospitals.......................... 123.8 124.4 .3 .5 .6 .4 .2 .6 .3 .4 .5
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 119.4 120.1 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .5 .5 .6
Public administration.................. 126.5 126.8 .4 .4 .7 .7 .5 .9 .4 .6 .2
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 122.3 123.2 .6 .5 .4 .5 .3 .8 .7 .5 .7
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 123.2 123.8 .4 .6 .6 .4 .3 .8 .7 .5 .5
Management, business, and financial.... 123.4 124.1 .5 .7 .5 .6 .2 1.0 1.0 .4 .6
Professional and related............... 123.1 123.7 .3 .6 .5 .4 .3 .7 .5 .6 .5
Sales and office......................... 121.9 123.5 .9 .3 .4 .7 .3 .7 .7 .7 1.3
Sales and related...................... 118.8 121.8 1.2 .2 .5 .7 .3 .7 .7 .9 2.5
Office and administrative support...... 124.0 124.6 .5 .5 .4 .6 .3 .7 .5 .6 .5
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 123.4 123.6 .6 .3 .6 .5 .5 .9 .5 .7 .2
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 122.9 123.2 .7 .3 .6 .5 .4 .6 .3 .8 .2
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 123.9 124.1 .5 .3 .5 .4 .7 1.2 .7 .5 .2
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 120.7 121.7 .5 .3 .3 .5 .7 .5 .6 .4 .8
Production............................. 119.5 120.3 .4 .4 .2 .5 .7 .3 .6 .6 .7
Transportation and material moving..... 122.4 123.6 .6 .3 .4 .6 .6 .7 .6 .2 1.0
Service occupations...................... 121.1 121.9 .3 .4 .1 .5 .1 .3 .8 .5 .7
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 120.4 121.0 .6 .4 .4 .3 .6 .5 .6 .5 .5
Construction........................... 120.6 120.9 .8 .3 .4 .4 .2 .3 .6 .6 .2
Manufacturing.......................... 120.0 120.8 .4 .5 .4 .4 .7 .5 .6 .6 .7
Aircraft manufacturing............... 110.1 110.4 .2 .9 -1.6 .6 2.0 .7 2.0 .5 .3
Service-providing industries(6).......... 122.9 123.8 .6 .5 .4 .5 .2 .9 .7 .5 .7
Trade, transportation, and utilities... 122.8 123.2 .7 .5 .6 .8 .3 .8 1.1 .4 .3
Wholesale trade...................... 123.3 123.2 .3 1.1 .9 1.3 .1 1.4 1.7 .2 -.1
Retail trade......................... 121.0 121.6 .8 .5 .4 .6 .2 .5 .9 .6 .5
Transportation and warehousing....... 123.9 124.5 .8 .2 .6 .7 .4 .8 .7 .3 .5
Utilities............................ 130.6 132.1 .1 .2 -.4 1.0 .6 .4 .9 .5 1.1
Information............................ 125.1 126.4 .5 .5 .4 -.8 .7 4.7 .2 .5 1.0
Financial activities................... 121.3 122.3 .7 .7 .7 .6 .3 .6 .3 .6 .8
Finance and insurance................ 121.5 122.4 .9 .6 .8 .5 .1 .6 .3 .7 .7
Credit intermediation and related
activities........................ 120.5 121.3 .9 .5 .5 .1 .2 .8 .4 .5 .7
Insurance carriers and related
activities........................ 123.0 123.9 .4 1.1 1.4 .7 .4 .4 -.1 .7 .7
Real estate and rental and leasing... 120.2 122.0 .1 .5 .4 1.3 .8 .4 .7 -.1 1.5
Professional and business services..... 124.4 126.1 .5 .4 .3 .3 .3 1.0 .7 .5 1.4
Professional, scientific, and
technical services.................. 126.5 129.2 .3 .7 .4 .3 .4 .5 .6 .4 2.1
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services 122.1 122.3 .7 .2 .1 .5 -.4 2.1 1.2 .7 .2
Education and health services.......... 123.3 123.9 .4 .4 .6 .5 .2 .6 .3 .7 .5
Educational services................. 123.7 124.5 .5 .7 .5 .5 .2 .5 .5 .6 .6
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 124.7 125.3 .6 .7 .7 .5 .2 .6 .4 .6 .5
Health care and social assistance(5) 123.3 123.7 .4 .4 .5 .5 .2 .6 .3 .7 .3
Hospitals.......................... 123.5 124.1 .3 .5 .6 .3 .3 .5 .4 .4 .5
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 118.2 118.5 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .4 .5 .3
Leisure and hospitality................ 119.6 120.5 .2 .4 .1 .3 .4 .3 .6 .4 .8
Accommodation and food services...... 119.9 120.8 -.1 .6 .0 .3 .3 .3 .6 .3 .8
Other services, except public
administration........................ 122.1 123.3 .5 1.0 .2 1.2 -.3 .3 .6 .0 1.0
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 124.8 125.4 .5 .4 .3 .7 .5 .5 .5 .6 .5
Industry
Education and health services.......... 123.4 124.2 .4 .4 .2 .6 .4 .4 .5 .6 .6
Educational services................. 123.0 123.7 .3 .5 .2 .6 .5 .4 .5 .6 .6
Schools............................ 122.9 123.6 .4 .4 .3 .5 .5 .5 .4 .6 .6
Elementary and secondary schools 122.7 123.4 .3 .4 .2 .5 .4 .5 .5 .5 .6
Health care and social assistance(5) 126.9 128.0 .7 .4 .7 .5 -.2 .6 .6 .4 .9
Hospitals.......................... 125.1 125.6 .5 .6 .5 .5 -.3 .6 .4 .3 .4
Public administration.................. 126.5 126.8 .4 .4 .7 .7 .5 .9 .4 .6 .2
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management
of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social
assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public
administration; and public administration.
5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
6 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management
of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social
assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public
administration.
Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. Percent changes for 3-months ended–
2005 = 100)
Occupational group and industry
Dec. Mar. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar.
2014 2015 2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 121.3 122.1 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)............ 120.2 120.9 .5 .6 .4 .3 .4 .6 .5 .6 .6
Manufacturing.......................... 120.0 120.7 .5 .6 .4 .5 .5 .7 .4 .6 .6
Service-providing industries(3).......... 121.5 122.4 .4 .5 .3 .5 .3 .7 .7 .5 .7
Education and health services.......... 120.6 121.2 .3 .4 .3 .4 .3 .5 .3 .6 .5
Educational services................. 118.9 119.5 .3 .4 .1 .3 .3 .3 .5 .4 .5
Elementary and secondary schools... 118.0 118.4 .2 .3 .0 .3 .3 .3 .5 .3 .3
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 120.3 121.0 .3 .5 .3 .4 .4 .3 .4 .5 .6
Health care and social assistance(4) 122.6 123.1 .4 .4 .4 .5 .2 .6 .3 .7 .4
Hospitals.......................... 122.5 123.0 .4 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 117.9 118.7 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .5 .3 .7
Public administration.................. 120.2 120.7 .3 .2 .4 .5 .3 .6 .5 .5 .4
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 121.7 122.6 .6 .5 .3 .6 .3 .8 .7 .5 .7
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 122.9 123.5 .6 .6 .5 .5 .2 .7 .7 .4 .5
Management, business, and financial.... 123.0 123.6 .7 .8 .4 .6 .2 .7 1.2 .2 .5
Professional and related............... 122.9 123.4 .4 .6 .5 .4 .2 .7 .4 .6 .4
Sales and office......................... 121.3 123.5 .8 .4 .4 .6 .3 .6 .7 .8 1.8
Sales and related...................... 119.2 123.4 1.2 .1 .5 .7 .3 .6 .9 1.0 3.5
Office and administrative support...... 122.7 123.3 .6 .5 .4 .5 .4 .5 .5 .6 .5
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 121.4 121.8 .5 .3 .6 .3 .5 .6 .5 .6 .3
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 121.0 121.3 .4 .2 .5 .4 .3 .8 .3 .7 .3
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 121.9 122.3 .6 .4 .7 .4 .7 .4 .7 .4 .4
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 120.0 120.8 .5 .3 .3 .6 .6 .7 .6 .4 .7
Production............................. 119.3 119.8 .4 .5 .4 .5 .6 .4 .7 .6 .4
Transportation and material moving..... 120.9 122.0 .6 .1 .3 .6 .7 .8 .7 .1 .9
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)............ 120.2 120.9 .5 .5 .5 .3 .4 .6 .5 .6 .6
Construction........................... 119.4 119.9 .5 .4 .4 .3 .2 .4 .6 .6 .5
Manufacturing.......................... 120.0 120.7 .5 .6 .4 .5 .5 .7 .4 .6 .6
Aircraft manufacturing............... 128.6 129.8 .4 1.2 .6 .8 .8 .7 .5 .6 .9
Service-providing industries(5).......... 122.1 123.1 .5 .6 .3 .6 .2 .8 .7 .5 .8
Trade, transportation, and utilities... 121.6 122.1 .6 .7 .5 .9 .2 1.0 1.3 .3 .4
Retail trade......................... 121.1 121.7 .6 .6 .3 .7 .1 .6 1.1 .6 .5
Transportation and warehousing....... 121.9 122.6 .9 -.1 .5 .7 .8 .8 .7 .3 .5
Utilities............................ 128.8 129.9 .7 .7 .7 .6 .8 .5 .8 .5 .8
Information............................ 118.7 119.4 .5 .4 .3 -.1 .4 .9 .0 .6 .6
Financial activities................... 121.6 122.6 .7 .8 .5 .8 .4 .3 .5 .6 .8
Finance and insurance................ 122.5 123.3 .8 .7 .7 .6 .2 .2 .5 .7 .7
Credit intermediation and related
activities........................ 119.3 120.0 .9 .5 .3 .3 .1 .3 .8 .6 .6
Insurance carriers and related
activities........................ 121.9 122.9 .3 1.3 1.5 .7 .5 .0 -.4 .5 .8
Professional and business services..... 124.0 126.0 .6 .3 .2 .4 .1 1.0 .8 .5 1.6
Professional, scientific, and
technical services.................. 126.1 129.7 .3 .5 .3 .2 .3 .7 .6 .4 2.8
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services 121.8 121.7 .8 .1 .1 .6 -.4 1.7 1.3 .7 -.1
Education and health services.......... 122.5 123.1 .4 .5 .4 .5 .2 .6 .3 .7 .5
Educational services................. 122.3 123.1 .4 .7 .3 .4 .2 .4 .5 .5 .7
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 122.8 123.3 .5 .8 .5 .5 .1 .4 .3 .7 .4
Health care and social assistance(4) 122.6 123.1 .5 .4 .4 .5 .2 .6 .2 .8 .4
Hospitals.......................... 122.7 123.2 .3 .5 .4 .3 .4 .4 .3 .5 .4
Nursing and residential care
facilities(6)..................... 117.7 118.3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .5
Leisure and hospitality................ 120.6 121.6 .2 .4 .0 .3 .6 .4 .7 .4 .8
Accommodation and food services...... 120.9 121.9 -.1 .5 .0 .3 .4 .4 .6 .5 .8
Other services, except public
administration........................ 122.3 123.3 .9 1.1 .1 1.3 -.4 .5 .7 .2 .8
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 119.4 119.9 .3 .3 .2 .4 .3 .4 .5 .4 .4
Industry
Education and health services.......... 118.7 119.2 .3 .3 .1 .3 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4
Educational services................. 118.3 118.8 .2 .3 .1 .3 .4 .3 .5 .4 .4
Schools............................ 118.2 118.8 .2 .3 .1 .3 .3 .3 .5 .3 .5
Elementary and secondary schools 117.9 118.4 .2 .3 .1 .3 .3 .3 .6 .3 .4
Health care and social assistance(4) 122.5 123.1 .3 .3 .3 .4 -.1 .4 .4 .4 .5
Hospitals.......................... 121.7 121.9 .3 .3 .2 .4 -.2 .4 .4 .3 .2
Public administration.................. 120.2 120.7 .3 .2 .4 .5 .3 .6 .5 .5 .4
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management
of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social
assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public
administration; and public administration.
4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
5 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management
of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social
assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public
administration.
6 The nursing and residential care facilities wages and salaries series is seasonal as of the 2015 seasonal adjustment
revision. Historical data for this series are published beginning with March 2010.
Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. Percent changes for 3-months ended–
2005 = 100)
Occupational group and industry
Dec. Mar. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar. June Sep. Dec. Mar.
2014 2015 2013 2013 2013 2013 2014 2014 2014 2014 2015
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 126.4 127.1 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.6
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 123.8 124.5 .5 .5 .5 .3 .5 1.1 .5 .5 .6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 123.8 124.6 .1 .6 .8 .5 .2 1.1 .6 .7 .6
Sales and office......................... 123.7 123.8 .9 .3 .6 .6 .3 1.2 .3 .6 .1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 127.6 127.7 .8 .2 .6 .6 .6 1.5 .6 .8 .1
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 122.2 123.5 .5 .3 .1 .4 .8 .3 .6 .5 1.1
Service occupations...................... 122.3 122.9 .3 .4 .4 .3 -.2 .2 .5 .5 .5
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)............ 120.8 121.4 .8 .3 .3 .4 .9 .2 .8 .4 .5
Manufacturing.......................... 119.9 120.8 .5 .3 .3 .3 1.2 .1 .9 .5 .8
Service-providing industries(3).......... 125.0 125.7 .5 .5 .7 .3 .3 1.3 .5 .5 .6
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 136.0 136.7 .9 .6 .8 .9 .7 .9 .4 .9 .5
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public
sector, except the federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities;
information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management
of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social
assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public
administration.
Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for civilian workers, by occupational group and
industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Civilian workers
All workers(2)............................. 120.5 122.7 123.6 0.4 0.4 0.7 1.8 2.2 2.6
Excluding incentive paid occupations(3) 120.9 122.8 123.6 .6 .4 .7 1.8 2.2 2.2
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 121.0 123.2 123.9 .4 .2 .6 1.9 2.2 2.4
Management, business, and financial.... 120.7 123.3 124.1 .4 .1 .6 2.0 2.6 2.8
Professional and related............... 121.2 123.1 123.9 .4 .3 .6 1.8 2.0 2.2
Sales and office......................... 119.7 122.3 123.7 .3 .6 1.1 1.8 2.4 3.3
Sales and related...................... 115.7 119.1 121.4 -.3 .9 1.9 1.8 2.7 4.9
Office and administrative support...... 122.2 124.2 125.0 .7 .4 .6 1.8 2.3 2.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 121.2 123.5 123.9 .7 .4 .3 1.9 2.6 2.2
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 120.9 123.1 123.3 .3 .7 .2 1.9 2.2 2.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 121.5 123.9 124.5 .9 .1 .5 2.0 2.9 2.5
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 119.3 121.0 122.1 .8 .2 .9 1.8 2.2 2.3
Production............................. 117.9 119.5 120.5 .9 .4 .8 1.8 2.2 2.2
Transportation and material moving..... 121.0 122.9 124.0 .6 .1 .9 1.8 2.2 2.5
Service occupations...................... 120.9 122.9 123.7 .2 .5 .7 1.3 1.9 2.3
Industry
Goods-producing industries(4)............ 118.6 120.4 121.1 .7 .4 .6 1.9 2.2 2.1
Manufacturing.......................... 118.1 119.8 120.8 .9 .4 .8 2.1 2.4 2.3
Service-providing industries(5).......... 120.8 123.1 124.1 .3 .3 .8 1.8 2.2 2.7
Education and health services.......... 121.5 123.4 124.0 .2 .5 .5 1.7 1.8 2.1
Educational services................. 121.2 123.1 123.7 .3 .3 .5 1.7 1.9 2.1
Elementary and secondary schools... 120.7 122.6 123.1 .2 .2 .4 1.4 1.8 2.0
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 122.0 123.9 124.5 .5 .5 .5 2.2 2.1 2.0
Health care and social assistance(6) 121.8 123.7 124.3 .2 .7 .5 1.6 1.7 2.1
Hospitals.......................... 122.3 123.8 124.4 .3 .4 .5 1.7 1.6 1.7
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 118.0 119.4 120.1 .3 .5 .6 1.3 1.5 1.8
Public administration.................. 124.2 126.4 126.9 .6 .5 .4 2.3 2.4 2.2
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government.
3 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
4 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
5 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other
services, except public administration; and public administration.
6 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by occupational
group and industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Private industry workers
All workers.................................. 119.9 122.2 123.2 0.4 0.4 0.8 1.7 2.3 2.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2).. 120.4 122.2 123.1 .6 .3 .7 1.8 2.1 2.2
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related...... 120.7 123.0 123.8 .4 .2 .7 1.9 2.3 2.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 120.8 122.6 123.5 .6 .2 .7 1.9 2.1 2.2
Management, business, and financial...... 120.3 123.0 123.9 .3 .0 .7 1.9 2.6 3.0
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 120.7 122.8 123.9 .6 .4 .9 2.0 2.3 2.7
Professional and related................. 121.0 122.9 123.7 .4 .3 .7 1.8 2.0 2.2
Sales and office........................... 119.3 121.9 123.4 .3 .7 1.2 1.8 2.4 3.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 120.8 122.6 123.3 .8 .3 .6 1.8 2.3 2.1
Sales and related........................ 115.6 119.0 121.3 -.3 .9 1.9 1.8 2.7 4.9
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 118.6 120.1 120.7 .8 .3 .5 1.7 2.0 1.8
Office and administrative support........ 121.8 123.8 124.6 .6 .4 .6 1.8 2.2 2.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................... 120.8 123.2 123.6 .6 .3 .3 1.9 2.6 2.3
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................... 120.7 122.9 123.1 .3 .7 .2 1.8 2.2 2.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 121.0 123.5 124.1 .9 .0 .5 2.0 3.0 2.6
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................... 118.9 120.6 121.7 .8 .2 .9 1.9 2.2 2.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 119.0 120.7 121.7 .8 .3 .8 1.8 2.3 2.3
Production............................... 117.8 119.4 120.4 .9 .5 .8 1.8 2.3 2.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 117.9 119.5 120.6 .9 .4 .9 1.8 2.2 2.3
Transportation and material moving....... 120.4 122.4 123.5 .6 .1 .9 1.9 2.3 2.6
Service occupations........................ 119.2 121.1 122.0 .2 .5 .7 1.1 1.8 2.3
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(3).............. 118.5 120.3 121.0 .7 .3 .6 1.8 2.2 2.1
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 118.9 120.6 121.4 .7 .4 .7 1.8 2.1 2.1
Management, professional, and related.. 117.8 119.3 120.3 .9 .1 .8 1.8 2.1 2.1
Sales and office....................... 118.4 121.2 121.4 -.1 .5 .2 1.8 2.3 2.5
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 120.4 122.5 122.7 .4 .6 .2 1.9 2.2 1.9
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 117.6 119.3 120.2 .9 .5 .8 1.8 2.3 2.2
Construction............................. 118.6 120.7 120.7 .0 .5 .0 1.4 1.8 1.8
Manufacturing............................ 118.1 119.8 120.8 .9 .4 .8 2.1 2.4 2.3
Management, professional, and related 118.2 119.9 121.1 1.3 .3 1.0 2.2 2.7 2.5
Sales and office..................... 119.9 122.0 122.7 .3 .3 .6 2.4 2.0 2.3
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance......................... 119.8 121.6 122.2 1.1 .5 .5 2.1 2.6 2.0
Production, transportation, and
material moving..................... 117.3 118.9 119.9 .9 .5 .8 1.8 2.2 2.2
Aircraft manufacturing................. 107.4 110.3 111.3 3.2 -.1 .9 2.1 6.0 3.6
Service-providing industries(4)............ 120.4 122.8 123.8 .3 .4 .8 1.7 2.3 2.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2)...................... 120.9 122.8 123.7 .6 .3 .7 1.7 2.2 2.3
Management, professional, and related.. 121.3 123.7 124.5 .3 .3 .6 1.9 2.3 2.6
Sales and office....................... 119.4 121.9 123.6 .3 .6 1.4 1.8 2.4 3.5
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 121.5 124.2 124.8 .8 -.1 .5 1.8 3.1 2.7
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 120.5 122.5 123.6 .6 .1 .9 1.7 2.3 2.6
Service occupations.................... 119.1 121.1 122.0 .1 .6 .7 1.0 1.8 2.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 120.0 122.6 123.2 .4 .2 .5 2.3 2.6 2.7
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 120.6 122.2 123.2 .8 .3 .8 1.9 2.1 2.2
Wholesale trade........................ 119.3 123.3 123.2 .1 .2 -.1 3.4 3.4 3.3
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 120.8 122.5 123.5 .7 .3 .8 2.4 2.1 2.2
Retail trade........................... 118.5 120.9 121.5 .2 .5 .5 1.7 2.2 2.5
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 118.5 119.9 120.7 .6 .3 .7 1.7 1.8 1.9
Transportation and warehousing......... 121.8 123.6 124.6 .8 .0 .8 1.9 2.3 2.3
Utilities.............................. 128.3 130.0 132.1 1.1 .1 1.6 1.4 2.4 3.0
Information.............................. 118.8 124.4 126.0 .8 .2 1.3 .8 5.6 6.1
Financial activities..................... 119.4 121.0 122.2 .4 .2 1.0 2.1 1.8 2.3
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 120.2 121.8 123.2 .8 .2 1.1 2.2 2.1 2.5
Finance and insurance.................. 119.5 121.1 122.2 .3 .2 .9 2.0 1.7 2.3
Credit intermediation and related
activities.......................... 118.4 120.3 121.3 .3 .4 .8 1.3 1.9 2.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 121.9 124.1 125.4 1.0 .4 1.0 2.3 2.8 2.9
Insurance carriers and related
activities.......................... 121.5 122.6 123.7 .5 .3 .9 3.6 1.4 1.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 120.8 122.8 124.1 .8 .1 1.1 2.3 2.4 2.7
Real estate and rental and leasing..... 119.1 120.2 122.0 .9 -.1 1.5 3.2 1.9 2.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(2).................... 122.1 123.6 125.2 1.1 .3 1.3 3.0 2.3 2.5
Professional and business services....... 121.7 124.2 126.1 .4 .3 1.5 1.4 2.5 3.6
Professional, scientific, and technical
services.............................. 124.8 126.3 129.3 .6 .2 2.4 1.8 1.9 3.6
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services... 117.1 122.0 122.1 -.5 .7 .1 .3 3.7 4.3
Education and health services............ 121.4 123.3 123.8 .2 .6 .4 1.7 1.7 2.0
Educational services................... 121.6 123.9 124.3 -.1 .3 .3 1.9 1.8 2.2
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools............................. 122.6 124.8 125.1 .0 .4 .2 2.2 1.8 2.0
Health care and social assistance(5)... 121.4 123.2 123.8 .2 .7 .5 1.7 1.7 2.0
Hospitals............................ 122.0 123.5 124.1 .4 .5 .5 1.8 1.6 1.7
Nursing and residential care
facilities.......................... 116.9 118.2 118.6 .3 .5 .3 1.1 1.5 1.5
Nursing care facilities(2)......... 116.8 118.3 118.7 .3 .5 .3 1.0 1.6 1.6
Leisure and hospitality.................. 118.1 119.6 120.5 .4 .3 .8 1.3 1.7 2.0
Accommodation and food services........ 118.6 120.0 120.8 .3 .3 .7 1.2 1.5 1.9
Other services, except public
administration.......................... 121.1 121.8 123.4 .0 -.4 1.3 1.9 .6 1.9
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by bargaining
status and census region and division
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Bargaining status and census region and
division 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Bargaining status
Union.................................... 123.5 126.7 127.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.6 3.3 3.2
Goods-producing industries(2).......... 120.6 122.4 123.0 .8 .4 .5 1.7 2.3 2.0
Manufacturing........................ 115.4 117.4 118.1 1.1 .5 .6 1.3 2.8 2.3
Service-providing industries(3)........ 126.0 130.0 130.8 .6 .8 .6 1.7 3.8 3.8
Nonunion................................. 119.4 121.5 122.5 .3 .3 .8 1.8 2.1 2.6
Goods-producing industries(2).......... 117.9 119.7 120.4 .6 .4 .6 1.9 2.1 2.1
Manufacturing........................ 118.8 120.6 121.6 .8 .4 .8 2.1 2.4 2.4
Service-providing industries(3)........ 119.8 122.0 123.1 .3 .3 .9 1.7 2.2 2.8
Census region and division(4)
Northeast................................ 120.5 123.2 125.3 .3 .4 1.7 1.5 2.6 4.0
New England............................ 121.5 124.8 130.6 -.1 -.3 4.6 2.2 2.6 7.5
Middle Atlantic........................ 120.1 122.6 123.4 .4 .7 .7 1.3 2.5 2.7
South.................................... 120.6 122.7 123.2 .4 .3 .4 1.7 2.2 2.2
South Atlantic......................... 121.3 123.4 124.2 .6 .4 .6 1.8 2.3 2.4
East South Central..................... 118.4 119.8 120.7 .5 .4 .8 1.4 1.7 1.9
West South Central..................... 120.3 122.6 122.6 .1 .2 .0 1.5 2.0 1.9
Midwest.................................. 118.4 120.3 121.2 .5 .2 .7 1.7 2.1 2.4
East North Central..................... 117.3 119.1 120.2 .5 .3 .9 1.6 2.1 2.5
West North Central..................... 121.0 123.3 123.7 .3 .2 .3 1.6 2.2 2.2
West..................................... 120.1 122.5 123.1 .4 .5 .5 2.1 2.4 2.5
Mountain............................... 119.5 120.6 121.9 .3 .4 1.1 2.5 1.2 2.0
Pacific................................ 120.5 123.3 123.7 .5 .5 .3 2.0 2.8 2.7
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
4 The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic:
Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and
West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central:
Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and
Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota;
Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska,
California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and
industry series. Dashes indicate data not available.
Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for State and local government workers, by
occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 122.8 124.7 125.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 1.9 2.0 2.1
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 121.8 123.7 124.3 .5 .3 .5 1.8 2.1 2.1
Professional and related............... 121.6 123.5 124.2 .5 .4 .6 1.8 2.1 2.1
Sales and office......................... 124.3 126.4 127.2 .7 .4 .6 2.1 2.4 2.3
Office and administrative support...... 124.3 126.5 127.2 .7 .5 .6 2.1 2.5 2.3
Service occupations...................... 124.9 127.1 127.8 .5 .4 .6 2.0 2.3 2.3
Industry
Education and health services............ 121.6 123.4 124.1 .4 .3 .6 1.7 1.9 2.1
Educational services................... 121.1 123.0 123.6 .4 .4 .5 1.7 2.0 2.1
Schools(2)........................... 121.1 123.0 123.6 .4 .4 .5 1.7 2.0 2.1
Elementary and secondary schools... 120.9 122.8 123.3 .3 .4 .4 1.5 1.9 2.0
Health care and social assistance(3)... 125.0 126.8 128.0 .0 .3 .9 1.5 1.4 2.4
Hospitals............................ 123.5 125.0 125.7 -.2 .2 .6 1.1 1.1 1.8
Public administration.................... 124.2 126.4 126.9 .6 .5 .4 2.3 2.4 2.2
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
2 Includes elementary and secondary schools; junior colleges; colleges, universities, and professional
schools.
3 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and
industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 119.0 121.2 122.1 0.3 0.4 0.7 1.6 2.1 2.6
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2) 119.3 121.0 121.7 .4 .3 .6 1.5 1.9 2.0
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 119.7 121.7 122.3 .3 .2 .5 1.7 2.0 2.2
Management, business, and financial.... 119.9 122.3 123.0 .3 -.1 .6 1.9 2.3 2.6
Professional and related............... 119.5 121.3 121.9 .3 .3 .5 1.5 1.8 2.0
Sales and office......................... 118.4 121.1 122.9 .1 .7 1.5 1.7 2.4 3.8
Sales and related...................... 115.4 119.3 122.6 -.5 1.0 2.8 1.7 2.8 6.2
Office and administrative support...... 120.4 122.2 122.9 .6 .5 .6 1.8 2.1 2.1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 119.3 121.3 121.6 .4 .4 .2 1.8 2.1 1.9
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................. 118.6 121.0 121.0 .2 .7 .0 1.4 2.2 2.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair.. 120.1 121.7 122.3 .7 .1 .5 2.1 2.0 1.8
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 118.1 119.9 120.8 .7 .2 .8 1.9 2.2 2.3
Production............................. 117.5 119.2 120.0 .9 .4 .7 2.1 2.3 2.1
Transportation and material moving..... 118.9 120.9 121.8 .6 .0 .7 1.7 2.3 2.4
Service occupations...................... 118.8 120.9 121.7 .3 .5 .7 1.3 2.0 2.4
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)............ 118.2 120.1 120.8 .5 .4 .6 1.8 2.1 2.2
Manufacturing.......................... 118.0 119.8 120.8 .7 .3 .8 2.0 2.2 2.4
Service-providing industries(4).......... 119.2 121.4 122.3 .3 .3 .7 1.6 2.1 2.6
Education and health services.......... 118.9 120.7 121.1 .2 .5 .3 1.4 1.7 1.9
Educational services................. 117.4 119.1 119.4 .2 .3 .3 1.2 1.6 1.7
Elementary and secondary schools... 116.5 118.1 118.4 .1 .3 .3 1.0 1.5 1.6
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools........................... 118.8 120.5 120.9 .3 .5 .3 1.7 1.7 1.8
Health care and social assistance(5) 120.6 122.6 123.1 .2 .7 .4 1.5 1.8 2.1
Hospitals.......................... 121.1 122.5 123.0 .3 .5 .4 1.5 1.5 1.6
Nursing and residential care
facilities........................ 116.7 118.0 118.8 .2 .5 .7 1.2 1.3 1.8
Public administration.................. 118.4 120.2 120.8 .4 .5 .5 1.5 2.0 2.0
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government.
2 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
3 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
4 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other
services, except public administration; and public administration.
5 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and
industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Private industry workers
All workers.................................. 119.3 121.6 122.6 0.3 0.3 0.8 1.7 2.2 2.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1).. 119.7 121.5 122.2 .5 .3 .6 1.6 2.0 2.1
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related...... 120.6 122.8 123.4 .3 .2 .5 1.9 2.2 2.3
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 120.5 122.1 122.9 .4 .2 .7 1.8 1.7 2.0
Management, business, and financial...... 120.2 122.7 123.4 .3 -.1 .6 2.0 2.4 2.7
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 120.4 122.0 123.0 .6 .3 .8 1.9 1.9 2.2
Professional and related................. 120.9 122.8 123.4 .3 .4 .5 1.8 1.9 2.1
Sales and office........................... 118.5 121.3 123.2 .1 .7 1.6 1.7 2.4 4.0
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 119.9 121.6 122.4 .6 .4 .7 1.7 2.0 2.1
Sales and related........................ 115.5 119.4 122.7 -.4 1.0 2.8 1.7 2.9 6.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 118.3 120.0 120.9 .6 .3 .8 1.5 2.0 2.2
Office and administrative support........ 120.8 122.5 123.3 .6 .4 .7 1.9 2.0 2.1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................... 119.3 121.4 121.7 .4 .4 .2 1.8 2.2 2.0
Construction, extraction, farming,
fishing, and forestry................... 118.7 121.1 121.2 .2 .7 .1 1.4 2.2 2.1
Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 120.1 121.7 122.3 .8 .1 .5 2.2 2.1 1.8
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................... 118.0 119.9 120.8 .7 .3 .8 1.9 2.3 2.4
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 118.3 120.0 120.9 .9 .3 .8 2.0 2.3 2.2
Production............................... 117.4 119.1 119.9 .9 .4 .7 2.1 2.3 2.1
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 117.5 119.2 120.0 .9 .4 .7 2.1 2.3 2.1
Transportation and material moving....... 118.9 120.9 121.9 .6 -.1 .8 1.7 2.3 2.5
Service occupations........................ 118.5 120.7 121.6 .2 .5 .7 1.1 2.0 2.6
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(2).............. 118.2 120.1 120.8 .5 .4 .6 1.8 2.1 2.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 118.7 120.4 121.3 .6 .3 .7 1.8 2.0 2.2
Management, professional, and related.. 118.9 120.4 121.7 .5 .1 1.1 1.5 1.8 2.4
Sales and office....................... 118.1 121.3 121.2 -.1 .5 -.1 2.3 2.6 2.6
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 118.8 121.1 121.3 .3 .7 .2 1.6 2.3 2.1
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 117.2 118.8 119.7 .8 .4 .8 2.1 2.1 2.1
Construction............................. 117.3 119.6 119.7 -.1 .5 .1 1.3 1.9 2.0
Manufacturing............................ 118.0 119.8 120.8 .7 .3 .8 2.0 2.2 2.4
Management, professional, and related 119.1 120.8 122.2 .9 .3 1.2 1.9 2.4 2.6
Sales and office..................... 119.1 121.3 121.9 .1 .2 .5 2.4 1.9 2.4
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance......................... 119.4 121.6 122.1 .8 .4 .4 2.1 2.7 2.3
Production, transportation, and
material moving..................... 117.0 118.6 119.4 .8 .5 .7 2.1 2.2 2.1
Aircraft manufacturing................. 127.0 127.7 130.5 2.1 -.1 2.2 3.5 2.7 2.8
Service-providing industries(3)............ 119.7 122.1 123.1 .3 .4 .8 1.7 2.3 2.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1)...................... 120.0 121.8 122.5 .4 .3 .6 1.6 1.9 2.1
Management, professional, and related.. 120.9 123.2 123.7 .3 .2 .4 1.9 2.2 2.3
Sales and office....................... 118.5 121.3 123.4 .1 .7 1.7 1.6 2.4 4.1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance........................... 120.1 121.7 122.2 .7 .0 .4 2.0 2.0 1.7
Production, transportation, and
material moving....................... 119.0 121.1 122.1 .6 .0 .8 1.7 2.4 2.6
Service occupations.................... 118.5 120.7 121.6 .2 .6 .7 1.1 2.0 2.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities..... 118.4 121.5 122.0 .2 .2 .4 2.2 2.8 3.0
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 118.9 120.7 121.4 .6 .3 .6 1.7 2.1 2.1
Wholesale trade........................ 116.6 121.1 121.0 -.1 -.1 -.1 3.5 3.8 3.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 117.5 118.9 119.8 .6 .2 .8 2.1 1.8 2.0
Retail trade........................... 118.2 121.1 121.5 .0 .5 .3 1.6 2.5 2.8
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 118.1 119.9 120.5 .4 .4 .5 1.5 2.0 2.0
Transportation and warehousing......... 119.7 121.7 122.5 .8 -.1 .7 1.9 2.5 2.3
Utilities.............................. 126.6 128.3 129.9 1.1 .0 1.2 2.9 2.5 2.6
Information.............................. 116.9 118.5 119.4 .6 .4 .8 1.1 2.0 2.1
Financial activities..................... 119.8 121.3 122.4 .5 .2 .9 2.4 1.8 2.2
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 120.4 121.9 123.3 .9 .2 1.1 2.4 2.2 2.4
Finance and insurance.................. 120.5 122.0 123.0 .4 .2 .8 2.2 1.7 2.1
Credit intermediation and related
activities.......................... 117.3 119.0 120.0 .3 .4 .8 1.1 1.8 2.3
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 121.2 123.0 124.2 .9 .5 1.0 2.2 2.4 2.5
Insurance carriers and related
activities.......................... 121.5 121.6 122.6 .5 .1 .8 4.1 .6 .9
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 119.9 121.3 122.5 .8 -.2 1.0 2.3 1.9 2.2
Real estate and rental and leasing..... 117.0 118.3 120.1 1.0 .1 1.5 3.4 2.2 2.6
Excluding incentive paid
occupations(1).................... 120.4 122.0 123.6 1.3 .5 1.3 3.3 2.6 2.7
Professional and business services....... 121.2 123.9 126.0 .2 .4 1.7 1.1 2.4 4.0
Professional, scientific, and technical
services.............................. 124.0 126.0 129.7 .4 .3 2.9 1.3 2.0 4.6
Administrative and support and waste
management and remediation services... 117.3 121.7 121.5 -.6 .7 -.2 .3 3.1 3.6
Education and health services............ 120.5 122.6 123.0 .1 .7 .3 1.6 1.8 2.1
Educational services................... 120.3 122.6 122.9 -.2 .3 .2 1.7 1.7 2.2
Junior colleges, colleges,
universities, and professional
schools............................. 120.9 123.0 123.1 -.2 .5 .1 1.8 1.5 1.8
Health care and social assistance(4)... 120.6 122.6 123.1 .2 .8 .4 1.7 1.9 2.1
Hospitals............................ 121.2 122.7 123.2 .4 .5 .4 1.7 1.7 1.7
Nursing and residential care
facilities.......................... 116.6 117.8 118.4 .3 .5 .5 1.2 1.3 1.5
Nursing care facilities(1)......... 116.4 117.9 118.5 .2 .5 .5 1.0 1.5 1.8
Leisure and hospitality.................. 118.9 120.7 121.7 .6 .4 .8 1.5 2.1 2.4
Accommodation and food services........ 119.2 121.0 122.0 .4 .4 .8 1.3 1.9 2.3
Other services, except public
administration.......................... 120.8 121.9 123.5 .1 -.3 1.3 2.1 1.0 2.2
1 The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
4 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status
and census region and division
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Bargaining status and census region and
division 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Bargaining status
Union.................................... 120.5 123.1 123.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 1.8 2.8 2.7
Goods-producing industries(1).......... 117.7 119.5 119.9 .6 .4 .3 1.7 2.1 1.9
Manufacturing........................ 115.6 116.9 117.8 .7 .2 .8 1.9 1.8 1.9
Service-providing industries(2)........ 122.6 125.6 126.3 .7 1.0 .6 1.8 3.1 3.0
Nonunion................................. 119.2 121.5 122.4 .3 .4 .7 1.7 2.2 2.7
Goods-producing industries(1).......... 118.3 120.3 121.1 .4 .4 .7 1.8 2.1 2.4
Manufacturing........................ 118.7 120.5 121.5 .8 .4 .8 2.2 2.3 2.4
Service-providing industries(2)........ 119.4 121.7 122.8 .2 .3 .9 1.7 2.1 2.8
Census region and division(3)
Northeast................................ 119.4 122.2 124.7 .3 .4 2.0 1.5 2.6 4.4
New England............................ 121.4 125.3 133.1 -.3 -.6 6.2 2.4 2.9 9.6
Middle Atlantic........................ 118.6 120.9 121.6 .4 .7 .6 1.1 2.4 2.5
South.................................... 120.7 122.8 123.3 .4 .3 .4 1.7 2.2 2.2
South Atlantic......................... 121.3 123.4 124.1 .5 .4 .6 1.8 2.2 2.3
East South Central..................... 117.8 119.4 120.2 .4 .5 .7 1.3 1.8 2.0
West South Central..................... 120.8 123.1 123.2 .2 .2 .1 1.8 2.1 2.0
Midwest.................................. 117.4 119.1 119.8 .3 .2 .6 1.6 1.7 2.0
East North Central..................... 116.0 117.5 118.4 .3 .3 .8 1.7 1.6 2.1
West North Central..................... 120.7 123.1 123.1 .0 .2 .0 1.4 2.0 2.0
West..................................... 119.5 122.2 122.6 .3 .6 .3 2.0 2.5 2.6
Mountain............................... 119.0 121.5 122.5 .2 .6 .8 2.6 2.3 2.9
Pacific................................ 119.8 122.5 122.7 .3 .6 .2 1.9 2.5 2.4
1 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
2 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
3 The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic:
Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and
West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central:
Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and
Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota;
Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska,
California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and
industry series. Dashes indicate data not available.
Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for State and local government workers, by
occupational group and industry
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group and industry 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 117.8 119.4 119.9 0.3 0.3 0.4 1.2 1.6 1.8
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 117.4 118.9 119.4 .3 .3 .4 1.2 1.5 1.7
Professional and related............... 117.4 118.9 119.3 .3 .3 .3 1.2 1.5 1.6
Sales and office......................... 117.4 119.3 119.8 .5 .5 .4 1.3 2.1 2.0
Office and administrative support...... 117.7 119.7 120.2 .5 .5 .4 1.2 2.2 2.1
Service occupations...................... 119.4 121.4 121.9 .3 .5 .4 1.4 2.0 2.1
Industry
Education and health services............ 117.3 118.8 119.2 .3 .3 .3 1.1 1.5 1.6
Educational services................... 116.8 118.4 118.8 .3 .3 .3 1.1 1.6 1.7
Schools(1)........................... 116.8 118.4 118.7 .3 .3 .3 1.1 1.6 1.6
Elementary and secondary schools... 116.4 118.0 118.3 .1 .3 .3 1.0 1.5 1.6
Health care and social assistance(2)... 121.1 122.5 123.3 .0 .3 .7 .9 1.2 1.8
Hospitals............................ 120.5 121.7 122.1 .0 .3 .3 .7 1.0 1.3
Public administration.................... 118.4 120.2 120.8 .4 .5 .5 1.5 2.0 2.0
1 Includes elementary and secondary schools; junior colleges; colleges, universities, and professional
schools.
2 Includes ambulatory health care services and social assistance, not shown separately.
Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status
Indexes (Dec. 2005 = Percent changes for–
100)
Occupational group, industry, and
bargaining status 3-months ended– 12-months ended–
Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Civilian workers
All workers(1)............................. 123.9 126.2 127.2 0.7 0.4 0.8 2.1 2.6 2.7
Private industry workers
All workers................................ 121.4 123.5 124.5 .7 .3 .8 1.8 2.5 2.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related.... 121.1 123.4 124.7 .7 .2 1.1 2.0 2.7 3.0
Sales and office......................... 121.3 123.4 123.8 .7 .3 .3 1.8 2.4 2.1
Natural resources, construction, and
maintenance............................. 123.9 127.1 127.6 .8 .2 .4 1.9 3.4 3.0
Production, transportation, and material
moving.................................. 120.5 122.1 123.5 .8 .4 1.1 1.5 2.2 2.5
Service occupations...................... 121.1 122.2 123.1 .1 .5 .7 .9 1.0 1.7
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)............ 119.2 120.7 121.4 1.0 .3 .6 1.9 2.3 1.8
Manufacturing.......................... 118.1 119.8 120.9 1.3 .4 .9 2.0 2.7 2.4
Aircraft manufacturing............... 86.4 91.7 90.8 4.9 .0 -1.0 -.1 11.3 5.1
Service-providing industries(3).......... 122.3 124.6 125.8 .7 .3 1.0 1.8 2.6 2.9
Bargaining status
Union.................................... 128.5 132.6 133.4 .9 .5 .6 1.5 4.2 3.8
Nonunion................................. 119.9 121.7 122.7 .7 .2 .8 1.9 2.2 2.3
State and local government workers
All workers................................ 133.1 135.8 136.8 .8 .4 .7 3.0 2.9 2.8
1 Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the
public sector, except the federal government.
2 Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
3 Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing;
utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical
services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services;
health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and
other services, except public administration.
Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation,(1) and wages and salaries,
for private industry workers, by area
Percent changes for 12-months ended–
Census region and metropolitan area Total compensation Wages and salaries
Mar. Dec. Mar. Mar. Dec. Mar.
2014 2014 2015 2014 2014 2015
Northeast
Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-NH CSA... 2.0 3.2 3.6 2.2 3.5 3.9
New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA
CSA..................................... 1.4 2.8 2.6 1.2 2.6 2.5
Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD
CSA..................................... 1.6 2.0 2.5 1.4 2.0 2.3
South
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Gainesville, GA-AL
CSA..................................... 1.2 3.2 3.9 .7 1.6 1.8
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX CSA................ 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.3
Houston-Baytown-Huntsville, TX CSA....... 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.4 2.1 2.1
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL
MSA..................................... 1.7 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.5 1.9
Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia,
DC-MD-VA-WV CSA......................... 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.2 .7
Midwest
Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City,
IL-IN-WI CSA............................ 1.6 3.3 3.3 1.8 1.9 2.4
Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI CSA............. 1.8 1.0 -.1 1.1 .2 .2
Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI CSA 1.6 2.3 2.3 1.4 2.6 2.3
West
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA CSA 1.3 2.8 3.3 1.1 2.4 3.4
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA.......... 1.4 1.3 2.2 1.2 1.4 2.4
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA... 3.6 4.8 2.9 3.4 4.9 2.5
Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA CSA........... 1.7 4.8 4.4 1.7 2.7 2.9
1 Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
United States Department of Labor
