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Employment Cost Index News Release

NEWS RELEASE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR


TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED UNTIL                                                     USDL-20-0720
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, April 30, 2020

Technical information:  (202) 691-6199  •  ncsinfo@bls.gov  • www.bls.gov/ect 
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  pressoffice@bls.gov


				  EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX – March 2020

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.8 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month period 
ending in March 2020, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries increased 0.9 
percent and benefit costs increased 0.4 percent from December 2019. (See tables A, 1, 2, and 3.)

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 2.8 percent for the 12-month period ending in 
March 2020, and also increased 2.8 percent in March 2019. Wages and salaries increased 3.1 percent over the 
year and increased 2.9 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2019. Benefit costs increased 
2.1 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2020. In March 2019, the increase was 2.6 percent. 
(See tables A, 4, 8, and 12.)

Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 2.8 percent over the year. In March 2019, 
the increase was also 2.8 percent. Wages and salaries increased 3.3 percent for the 12-month period 
ending in March 2020 and increased 3.0 percent in March 2019. The cost of benefits rose 1.6 percent 
for the 12-month period ending in March 2020 and increased 2.4 percent in March 2019. 
(See tables  A, 5, 9, and 12.)

Employer costs for health benefits increased 1.5 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2020. 
(For further information, see www.bls.gov/web/eci/echealth.pdf.)

Among private industry occupational groups, compensation cost increases for the 12-month period ending 
in March 2020 ranged from 2.4 percent for management, professional, and related occupations to 3.6 percent 
for service occupations. Within industry supersectors, compensation cost increases ranged from 1.1 percent 
for information to 3.6 percent for leisure and hospitality. (See table 5.)

Compensation costs for state and local government workers increased 2.8 percent for the 12-month period ending
in March 2020, compared with an increase of 3.0 percent in March 2019. Wages and salaries increased 2.7 percent 
for the 12-month period ending in March 2020 and 2.5 percent a year ago. Benefit costs increased 3.3 percent for 
the 12-month period ending in March 2020. The prior year increase was 3.6 percent. (See tables A, 7, 11, and 12.)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) impact on March 2020 Employment Cost Index
The Employment Cost Index (ECI) reference date was March 12, 2020. Response rates for March were comparable with 
prior releases, and no changes in estimation procedures were necessary. Additional information is available at 
www.bls.gov/bls/effects-of-covid-19-on-workplace-injuries-and-illnesses-compensation-and-occupational-requirements.htm#ECI.



Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index [Percent change]
Category 3-month,
seasonally adjusted
12-month, not seasonally adjusted
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Jun.
2019
Sep.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Civilian workers(1)

Compensation(2)

0.7 0.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.8

Wages and salaries

0.7 0.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.1

Benefits

0.6 0.4 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1

Private industry

Compensation(2)

0.7 0.8 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8

Wages and salaries

0.7 1.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3

Benefits

0.5 0.2 2.4 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.6

State and local government

Compensation(2)

0.6 0.7 3.0 3.0 3.1 2.9 2.8

Wages and salaries

0.5 0.6 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.7

Benefits

0.8 0.9 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes private industry and state and local government.
(2) Includes wages and salaries and benefits.



						TECHNICAL NOTE

The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the influence of 
employment shifts among occupations and industries. For information on survey concepts, coverage, methods, 
nonresponse adjustment, and imputation see National Compensation Measures Handbook of Methods at 
www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Sample size
Data for this reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately 25,600 
occupational observations selected from a sample of about 6,300 private industry establishments and 
approximately 7,800 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,400 state and local 
government establishments that provided data at the initial interview.

Standard errors
To assist users in ascertaining the reliability of ECI series, standard errors of all current quarter 
not seasonally adjusted 3- and 12-month percent change series are also available; see 
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectvar.htm and the database query tool at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm. 
Standard errors provide users a measure of the precision of an estimate to ensure that it is within an 
acceptable range for their intended purpose. 

Historical listings
Historical listings are available at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. The continuous occupational and industry 
series listing uses the Standard Industrial Classification Manual and Occupational Classification System 
series from 1975 through 2005 and the North American Industry Classification System and Standard 
Occupational Classification from 2006 to the present. It provides the official series deemed continuous 
after the change in classification systems. For more information on the criteria used in defining continuous 
series, see the article published in the Monthly Labor Review at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf.

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data
The costs per hour worked of compensation components are published as part of the Employer Costs for 
Employee Compensation news release (ECEC). The ECEC release dates are available at 
www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/ecec.htm. Historical ECEC data are available in summary documents at 
www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Since the ECEC is calculated with current employment weights rather than the 
fixed weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year changes in the cost levels usually differ from those 
in the ECI.

Fixed employment weights
For additional information on the use of fixed employment weights in computing the ECI, see 
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2016/article/introducing-2012-fixed-employment-weights-for-the-employment-cost-
index.htm.

Seasonal factors
Detailed information on seasonal factors for the 2020 reference year and the revisions of historical 
seasonally adjusted data for the most recent five years can be found at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectsfact.htm.

Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec.2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Mar.
2019
Jun.
2019
Sep.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Civilian workers

All workers(2)

138.9 140.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

136.0 136.7 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.5

Manufacturing

135.5 136.2 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5

Service-providing industries(4)

139.6 140.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.9

Education and health services

138.6 139.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.8

Educational services

139.5 140.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools

139.7 140.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.7

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

139.2 140.0 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Health care and social assistance(5)

137.9 138.9 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.7

Hospitals

138.5 139.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6

Nursing and residential care facilities

134.6 135.6 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.7

Public administration

143.6 144.7 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8

Private industry workers

All workers

138.2 139.3 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

137.0 137.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7

Management, business, and financial

138.7 139.5 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6

Professional and related

135.8 136.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7

Sales and office

139.2 140.5 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9

Sales and related

134.9 136.6 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8 1.3

Office and administrative support

142.2 143.1 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

138.0 139.4 0.5 1.0 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.7 1.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

138.7 140.4 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair

137.3 138.4 0.5 1.4 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

139.4 140.4 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7

Production

136.1 137.1 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7

Transportation and material moving

143.5 144.3 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.6

Service occupations

140.8 141.9 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.8

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

135.9 136.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5

Construction

137.0 137.7 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.5

Manufacturing

135.5 136.2 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.5

Aircraft manufacturing

122.4 120.5 1.6 0.3 -6.7 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.2 -1.6

Service-providing industries(5)

138.9 140.1 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

141.1 142.1 1.1 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.7

Wholesale trade

135.0 136.6 1.0 -0.1 1.8 0.7 0.8 -0.3 0.7 0.1 1.2

Retail trade

142.1 143.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.6

Transportation and warehousing

145.2 146.1 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.3 0.6

Utilities

151.3 151.4 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.1

Information

136.2 137.0 0.4 3.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 -0.9 0.4 0.8 0.6

Financial activities

138.6 139.7 1.5 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.9 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.8

Finance and insurance

139.1 140.4 1.6 1.0 0.2 0.5 1.0 0.3 1.2 0.6 0.9

Credit intermediation and related activities

137.6 138.6 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.4 1.4 0.6 0.7

Insurance carriers and related activities

140.3 140.7 0.8 1.0 0.1 0.4 1.2 0.3 0.9 0.6 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

136.5 136.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.1

Professional and business services

138.9 140.5 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.6 1.2

Professional, scientific, and technical services

141.0 142.9 0.7 0.1 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.3

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

135.8 137.3 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 1.1

Education and health services

137.2 138.3 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8

Educational services

137.4 138.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.4 1.0

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

139.3 140.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.9

Health care and social assistance

137.1 138.2 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8

Hospitals

138.0 138.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5

Nursing and residential care facilities

132.8 133.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

140.1 141.8 1.6 0.4 0.8 1.3 0.8 0.7 0.5 1.1 1.2

Accommodations and food services

141.7 143.7 1.8 0.4 0.7 1.1 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.1 1.4

Other services, except public administration

139.5 140.4 1.1 0.5 0.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.1 1.2 0.6

State and local government workers

All workers

141.8 142.8 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.7

Industry

Education and health services

140.4 141.3 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6

Educational services

140.0 140.9 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6

Schools

139.9 140.8 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools

140.1 141.1 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.7

Health care and social assistance

143.5 144.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8

Hospitals

140.7 141.8 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8

Public administration

143.6 144.7 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
(5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Mar.
2019
Jun.
2019
Sep.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

137.8 139.1 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

137.5 138.4 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7

Manufacturing

137.3 138.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

Service-providing industries(3)

137.9 139.3 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.0

Education and health services

134.7 135.8 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.4 0.8

Educational services

132.2 133.0 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.6

Elementary and secondary schools

131.0 131.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.6

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

134.1 134.9 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.6

Health care and social assistance

137.6 138.8 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.9

Hospitals

137.5 138.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7

Public administration

134.1 135.0 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7

Private industry workers

All workers

138.9 140.3 1.0 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.0

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

137.8 139.1 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.9

Professional and related

136.7 138.1 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 1.0

Management, business, and financial

139.4 140.5 1.1 0.3 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.8

Sales and office

139.6 141.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.1

Sales and related

136.2 138.3 1.3 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.6

Office and administrative support

142.3 143.4 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

137.4 139.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 1.3

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

138.1 140.2 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair

136.8 138.2 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.5 1.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

140.8 141.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 1.1 0.7 0.9 1.2 0.7

Production

137.5 138.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.8

Transportation and material moving

144.5 145.5 1.0 0.8 1.1 0.7 1.4 0.9 1.1 1.4 0.7

Service occupations(4)

142.4 143.7 1.0 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.7 1.3 0.9

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

137.6 138.4 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.6

Construction

137.5 138.2 1.0 0.9 0.5 0.8 0.7 1.0 1.3 0.8 0.5

Manufacturing

137.3 138.3 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

Aircraft manufacturing

145.1 144.7 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.6 -0.3

Service-providing industries(4)

139.3 140.9 1.1 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

140.5 141.9 1.1 0.5 1.3 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.9 0.8 1.0

Retail trade

143.3 144.4 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8

Transportation and warehousing

145.4 146.5 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.5 1.2 0.9 1.2 1.4 0.8

Utilities

146.4 146.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.1

Information

135.2 136.5 0.6 1.0 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.8 1.0

Financial activities

139.4 140.9 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.1 1.3 0.6 1.1

Finance and insurance

140.4 142.1 1.7 0.8 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.1 1.4 0.6 1.2

Credit intermediation and related activities

136.7 137.8 1.2 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.1 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.8

Insurance carriers and related activities

139.1 139.8 0.8 1.0 -0.1 0.4 1.3 0.0 1.0 0.4 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

135.4 135.7 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.6 0.2

Professional and business services

139.7 142.0 0.8 0.4 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.6

Professional, scientific, and technical services

141.9 144.7 0.8 0.1 1.4 0.6 0.1 0.9 0.6 0.6 2.0

Education and health services

137.3 138.6 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.9

Educational services

136.0 137.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.1 0.3 1.1

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

136.9 138.2 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.0

Health care and social assistance

137.6 138.9 1.1 0.5 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.9

Hospitals

137.8 138.8 0.5 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

143.4 145.3 1.6 0.6 0.9 1.5 0.9 0.9 0.5 1.2 1.3

Other services, except public administration

140.2 141.0 0.8 0.6 0.1 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.0 1.4 0.6

State and local government workers

All workers

132.9 133.7 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6

Industry

Education and health services

132.0 132.7 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5

Educational services

131.4 132.1 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 1.0 0.5 0.5

Schools

131.4 132.1 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.5

Elementary and secondary schools

130.9 131.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.2 0.5 0.5

Health care and social assistance

136.8 137.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7

Hospitals

135.6 136.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.8

Public administration

134.1 135.0 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2018
Jun.
2018
Sep.
2018
Dec.
2018
Mar.
2019
Jun.
2019
Sep.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

141.6 142.1 0.7 0.9 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4

Private industry workers

All workers

136.5 136.8 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.2

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

135.2 135.2 0.7 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.0

Sales and office

138.2 138.5 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.7 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

139.2 139.8 0.4 1.8 0.3 0.5 0.7 -0.4 0.7 0.5 0.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

136.8 137.5 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.5

Service occupations

135.7 136.0 0.8 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.6 0.2

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

132.6 133.0 0.6 0.6 -0.4 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3

Manufacturing

132.0 132.2 0.8 0.5 -0.7 0.3 0.9 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2

Service-providing industries(3)

137.9 138.3 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.3

State and local government workers

All workers(1)

159.4 160.8 0.5 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

All workers(2)

136.2 138.7 140.0 0.9 0.4 0.9 2.8 2.7 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(3)

136.3 138.8 140.0 0.8 0.4 0.9 2.7 2.7 2.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

135.4 137.8 138.8 0.7 0.4 0.7 2.4 2.5 2.5

Management, business, and financial

136.5 138.8 139.8 0.7 0.2 0.7 2.3 2.4 2.4

Professional and related

134.8 137.2 138.3 0.6 0.4 0.8 2.4 2.4 2.6

Sales and office

136.8 139.3 141.1 1.0 0.3 1.3 3.3 2.8 3.1

Sales and related

132.2 134.6 136.9 0.9 0.2 1.7 3.4 2.7 3.6

Office and administrative support

139.7 142.2 143.5 1.0 0.4 0.9 3.3 2.8 2.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

135.8 138.4 139.7 0.6 0.4 0.9 2.7 2.5 2.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

135.8 138.9 140.4 0.7 0.5 1.1 2.6 3.0 3.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair

135.7 138.0 138.9 0.4 0.4 0.7 2.8 2.1 2.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

136.8 139.6 141.0 1.3 0.7 1.0 2.9 3.3 3.1

Production

133.7 136.2 137.5 0.9 0.7 1.0 2.5 2.8 2.8

Transportation and material moving

140.4 143.5 145.1 1.5 0.8 1.1 3.4 3.8 3.3

Service occupations

138.7 142.0 143.5 1.1 0.9 1.1 3.4 3.5 3.5

Industry

Goods-producing industries(4)

133.1 135.8 136.7 0.9 0.4 0.7 2.5 3.0 2.7

Manufacturing

132.9 135.3 136.2 1.0 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.8 2.5

Service-providing industries(5)

136.7 139.2 140.6 0.8 0.4 1.0 2.9 2.7 2.9

Education and health services

135.8 138.7 139.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 2.6 2.6 2.7

Educational services

136.2 139.4 140.1 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.7 2.7 2.9

Elementary and secondary schools

136.3 139.6 140.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.9 2.8 2.9

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

136.3 139.3 139.9 0.4 0.5 0.4 2.6 2.7 2.6

Health care and social assistance

135.5 137.9 139.0 0.6 0.5 0.8 2.6 2.4 2.6

Hospitals

135.9 138.5 139.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

Nursing and residential care facilities

132.3 134.5 135.6 0.5 0.4 0.8 2.5 2.2 2.5

Public administration

140.4 143.4 144.6 0.9 0.6 0.8 3.1 3.0 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(3) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(4) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

All workers

135.6 138.0 139.4 0.9 0.4 1.0 2.8 2.7 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

135.7 138.1 139.4 0.9 0.4 0.9 2.6 2.7 2.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

134.8 136.8 138.0 0.7 0.3 0.9 2.3 2.2 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

134.1 136.1 137.3 0.8 0.3 0.9 2.2 2.3 2.4

Management, business, and financial

136.2 138.4 139.5 0.7 0.2 0.8 2.3 2.4 2.4

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

135.3 137.4 138.5 0.8 0.2 0.8 2.1 2.4 2.4

Professional and related

133.7 135.6 136.8 0.7 0.4 0.9 2.2 2.1 2.3

Sales and office

136.4 138.8 140.6 1.0 0.3 1.3 3.3 2.8 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

138.5 140.9 142.3 1.0 0.4 1.0 3.3 2.8 2.7

Sales and related

132.0 134.5 136.8 0.9 0.2 1.7 3.4 2.8 3.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

136.7 139.0 140.4 1.1 0.4 1.0 3.3 2.8 2.7

Office and administrative support

139.5 141.9 143.3 1.1 0.4 1.0 3.3 2.8 2.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

135.3 137.9 139.3 0.6 0.4 1.0 2.7 2.5 3.0

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

135.5 138.6 140.2 0.8 0.5 1.2 2.5 3.1 3.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair

135.1 137.3 138.2 0.4 0.4 0.7 2.9 2.0 2.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

136.4 139.2 140.6 1.3 0.8 1.0 2.9 3.3 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

136.1 139.0 140.3 1.0 0.7 0.9 2.6 3.2 3.1

Production

133.5 136.0 137.2 0.9 0.7 0.9 2.5 2.8 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

133.9 136.4 137.6 1.0 0.7 0.9 2.6 2.9 2.8

Transportation and material moving

140.1 143.2 144.8 1.7 0.8 1.1 3.5 3.9 3.4

Service occupations

137.2 140.6 142.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 3.4 3.7 3.6

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(3)

133.1 135.8 136.7 0.9 0.5 0.7 2.5 3.0 2.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

133.4 135.9 137.0 0.9 0.4 0.8 2.4 2.8 2.7

Management, professional, and related

131.4 133.3 134.4 1.1 0.3 0.8 2.1 2.5 2.3

Sales and office

135.2 139.9 137.2 0.7 0.7 -1.9 3.7 4.2 1.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

134.7 137.8 139.3 0.7 0.4 1.1 2.4 3.0 3.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

132.5 135.2 136.4 1.0 0.7 0.9 2.3 3.0 2.9

Construction

133.4 137.0 137.6 0.8 0.4 0.4 2.9 3.5 3.1

Manufacturing

132.9 135.3 136.2 1.0 0.6 0.7 2.2 2.8 2.5

Management, professional, and related

132.6 134.4 135.4 1.1 0.4 0.7 2.0 2.5 2.1

Sales and office occupations

136.8 139.9 139.6 1.0 0.8 -0.2 3.3 3.3 2.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

132.8 135.2 136.4 0.5 0.4 0.9 1.5 2.3 2.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

132.2 134.9 136.0 1.1 0.7 0.8 2.3 3.1 2.9

Aircraft manufacturing

122.1 122.3 120.7 1.5 -0.1 -1.3 -7.6 1.7 -1.1

Service-providing industries(4)

136.3 138.7 140.2 0.8 0.4 1.1 2.8 2.6 2.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

136.5 138.8 140.2 0.9 0.4 1.0 2.7 2.6 2.7

Management, professional, and related

135.4 137.5 138.6 0.6 0.3 0.8 2.3 2.2 2.4

Sales and office

136.5 138.7 141.0 1.0 0.2 1.7 3.3 2.7 3.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

136.2 138.2 139.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 3.2 2.0 2.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

140.9 143.8 145.3 1.6 0.8 1.0 3.7 3.7 3.1

Service occupations

137.2 140.6 142.1 1.2 1.0 1.1 3.5 3.7 3.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

138.4 140.7 142.2 1.2 0.4 1.1 3.3 2.9 2.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

138.7 141.4 142.9 1.0 0.5 1.1 3.1 3.0 3.0

Wholesale trade

134.2 134.9 136.6 0.9 0.1 1.3 3.2 1.4 1.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

136.6 139.0 140.3 0.9 0.6 0.9 2.7 2.7 2.7

Retail trade

138.6 141.7 142.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 3.2 3.2 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

137.7 140.2 141.8 1.1 0.5 1.1 3.6 2.9 3.0

Transportation and warehousing

141.5 144.8 146.5 1.6 0.7 1.2 3.4 3.9 3.5

Utilities

148.5 150.4 151.8 2.4 0.3 0.9 3.5 3.7 2.2

Information

135.6 135.7 137.1 1.0 0.3 1.0 4.8 1.0 1.1

Financial activities

135.6 138.2 139.4 1.0 0.1 0.9 2.7 3.0 2.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

136.4 138.4 139.6 1.2 0.3 0.9 2.9 2.7 2.3

Finance and insurance

135.9 138.6 140.0 1.0 0.1 1.0 2.8 3.0 3.0

Credit intermediation and related activities

134.2 137.1 138.4 1.3 0.1 0.9 2.8 3.5 3.1

Excluding incentive paid

138.8 141.0 142.5 1.4 0.1 1.1 3.0 3.0 2.7

Insurance carriers and related activities

137.8 139.6 140.6 1.5 0.0 0.7 2.8 2.9 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

136.9 138.8 139.9 1.3 0.3 0.8 2.9 2.7 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

134.5 136.3 137.0 1.1 0.3 0.5 2.8 2.4 1.9

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

138.1 140.1 140.9 1.0 0.5 0.6 3.1 2.5 2.0

Professional and business services

136.3 138.7 140.7 0.8 0.3 1.4 2.3 2.6 3.2

Professional, scientific, and technical services

138.6 140.5 143.2 0.8 0.1 1.9 2.0 2.2 3.3

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

133.1 135.8 137.3 0.8 0.6 1.1 2.9 2.9 3.2

Education and health services

134.7 137.2 138.3 0.4 0.4 0.8 2.5 2.3 2.7

Educational services

134.6 137.6 138.6 0.1 0.2 0.7 2.4 2.4 3.0

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

136.8 139.5 140.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 2.9 2.4 2.6

Health care and social assistance

134.8 137.1 138.3 0.5 0.5 0.9 2.6 2.2 2.6

Hospitals

135.5 138.0 138.8 0.6 0.7 0.6 2.6 2.4 2.4

Nursing and residential care facilities

130.7 132.8 133.8 0.6 0.5 0.8 2.4 2.2 2.4

Nursing care facilities(2)

130.2 132.1 133.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 2.4 1.9 2.2

Leisure and hospitality

137.0 140.0 141.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 3.3 3.2 3.6

Accommodations and food service

138.0 141.6 143.7 1.2 1.1 1.5 3.4 3.9 4.1

Other services, except public administration

136.6 139.2 140.4 1.2 0.9 0.9 2.8 3.1 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Bargaining status

Union

140.0 142.3 143.1 0.9 0.6 0.6 3.4 2.5 2.2

Goods-producing industries(2)

134.1 137.0 137.6 0.7 0.5 0.4 1.4 2.9 2.6

Manufacturing

127.7 129.8 130.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 -0.1 2.3 2.2

Service-providing industries(3)

144.1 146.2 147.2 0.9 0.7 0.7 4.3 2.4 2.2

Nonunion

134.9 137.3 138.8 0.9 0.4 1.1 2.7 2.7 2.9

Goods-producing industries(2)

132.6 135.4 136.3 0.9 0.5 0.7 2.6 3.0 2.8

Manufacturing

134.2 136.6 137.6 1.1 0.6 0.7 2.7 2.9 2.5

Service-providing industries(3)

135.5 137.9 139.5 0.8 0.4 1.2 2.7 2.6 3.0

Census region and division(4)

Northeast

138.1 140.7 141.7 1.2 0.5 0.7 3.3 3.1 2.6

New England

141.1 144.0 144.9 0.9 0.4 0.6 3.4 2.9 2.7

Middle Atlantic

137.1 139.5 140.6 1.3 0.5 0.8 3.3 3.0 2.6

South

133.3 135.8 136.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 2.2 2.5 2.6

South Atlantic

135.6 138.0 138.7 0.6 0.4 0.5 2.5 2.4 2.3

East South Central

132.1 135.5 136.2 0.6 0.4 0.5 1.6 3.2 3.1

West South Central

130.0 132.3 133.7 0.6 0.4 1.1 2.0 2.4 2.8

Midwest

133.5 135.7 137.5 0.9 0.5 1.3 2.9 2.6 3.0

East North Central

132.3 134.1 136.4 1.1 0.4 1.7 3.0 2.4 3.1

West North Central

136.6 139.4 140.1 0.6 0.5 0.5 2.5 2.7 2.6

West

138.5 140.9 142.9 0.9 0.4 1.4 2.9 2.7 3.2

Mountain

135.3 138.0 139.5 0.9 0.1 1.1 2.7 2.9 3.1

Pacific

139.9 142.2 144.3 1.0 0.4 1.5 2.9 2.7 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(4) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

All workers

138.6 141.7 142.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 3.0 2.9 2.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

137.1 140.3 141.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.8 2.9 2.8

Professional and related

136.8 140.1 140.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.7 2.9 2.9

Sales and office

140.9 144.0 145.1 0.6 0.4 0.8 3.4 2.9 3.0

Office and administrative support

141.0 144.1 145.2 0.6 0.4 0.8 3.4 2.9 3.0

Service occupations

142.1 145.1 146.3 0.9 0.6 0.8 3.3 3.1 3.0

Industry

Education and health services

137.1 140.3 140.9 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.9 2.8 2.8

Educational services

136.7 139.9 140.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.9 2.8 2.7

Schools

136.6 139.8 140.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.8 2.8 2.7

Elementary and secondary schools

136.7 140.0 140.6 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.9 2.8 2.9

Health care and social assistance

140.5 143.5 144.6 0.9 0.7 0.8 2.9 3.0 2.9

Hospitals

137.9 140.8 141.9 1.0 0.9 0.8 3.0 3.2 2.9

Public administration

140.4 143.4 144.6 0.9 0.6 0.8 3.1 3.0 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

All workers(1)

134.9 137.7 139.1 0.8 0.5 1.0 2.9 2.9 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)

134.7 137.5 138.8 0.8 0.5 0.9 2.7 2.9 3.0

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

133.7 136.1 137.3 0.5 0.3 0.9 2.4 2.3 2.7

Management, business, and financial

136.1 138.6 139.7 0.7 0.3 0.8 2.3 2.5 2.6

Professional and related

132.4 134.8 136.0 0.5 0.4 0.9 2.4 2.4 2.7

Sales and office

136.0 138.7 140.8 1.1 0.3 1.5 3.5 3.1 3.5

Sales and related

132.8 135.7 138.5 1.1 0.4 2.1 3.6 3.3 4.3

Office and administrative support

138.0 140.8 142.3 1.0 0.4 1.1 3.4 3.1 3.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

133.9 137.2 138.7 0.5 0.6 1.1 2.4 3.0 3.6

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

134.4 137.6 139.6 0.7 0.7 1.5 2.8 3.1 3.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair

133.5 136.9 137.9 0.2 0.5 0.7 2.1 2.8 3.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

137.0 140.3 141.9 1.4 0.9 1.1 3.6 3.8 3.6

Production

134.6 137.5 138.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 3.1 3.2 3.2

Transportation and material moving

139.7 143.4 145.3 1.9 1.0 1.3 4.0 4.6 4.0

Service occupations

137.2 140.8 142.3 1.2 1.0 1.1 3.6 3.8 3.7

Industry

Goods-producing industries(3)

134.1 137.4 138.4 0.9 0.7 0.7 2.8 3.4 3.2

Manufacturing

134.2 137.1 138.4 1.0 0.7 0.9 2.9 3.2 3.1

Service-providing industries(4)

135.0 137.7 139.2 0.8 0.4 1.1 2.9 2.8 3.1

Education and health services

132.1 134.9 135.7 0.4 0.4 0.6 2.6 2.5 2.7

Educational services

129.3 132.4 132.8 0.2 0.3 0.3 2.4 2.6 2.7

Elementary and secondary schools

128.0 131.2 131.6 0.2 0.2 0.3 2.5 2.7 2.8

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

131.6 134.3 134.7 0.4 0.4 0.3 2.5 2.4 2.4

Health care and social assistance

135.1 137.7 138.9 0.5 0.7 0.9 2.7 2.5 2.8

Hospitals

134.9 137.6 138.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 2.6 2.5 2.7

Nursing and residential care facilities

132.4 134.8 136.2 0.8 0.5 1.0 3.0 2.6 2.9

Public administration

131.7 134.2 135.1 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.7 2.6 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Index value (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

All workers

135.9 138.7 140.4 0.9 0.5 1.2 3.0 3.0 3.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

135.8 138.6 140.1 0.9 0.6 1.1 2.8 3.0 3.2

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

135.4 137.7 139.1 0.6 0.4 1.0 2.3 2.3 2.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

134.3 136.5 137.9 0.7 0.4 1.0 2.3 2.3 2.7

Management, business, and financial

136.8 139.2 140.4 0.7 0.2 0.9 2.3 2.5 2.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

135.1 137.4 138.5 0.8 0.3 0.8 2.1 2.5 2.5

Professional and related

134.4 136.6 138.1 0.5 0.4 1.1 2.4 2.2 2.8

Sales and office

136.4 139.2 141.5 1.0 0.3 1.7 3.5 3.1 3.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

138.5 141.2 142.8 1.2 0.4 1.1 3.4 3.1 3.1

Sales and related

132.9 135.8 138.6 1.1 0.4 2.1 3.7 3.3 4.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

137.5 140.2 141.9 1.3 0.5 1.2 3.5 3.2 3.2

Office and administrative support

139.2 141.9 143.6 1.2 0.4 1.2 3.5 3.1 3.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

134.1 137.4 139.0 0.5 0.6 1.2 2.4 3.0 3.7

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

134.6 138.0 140.1 0.7 0.7 1.5 2.7 3.3 4.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair

133.5 136.9 137.9 0.3 0.4 0.7 2.1 2.9 3.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

137.1 140.5 142.1 1.5 1.0 1.1 3.6 4.0 3.6

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

136.7 140.3 141.7 1.1 0.9 1.0 3.2 3.8 3.7

Production

134.4 137.4 138.7 1.0 0.9 0.9 3.1 3.2 3.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

134.8 137.8 139.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 3.1 3.3 3.1

Transportation and material moving

140.3 144.0 146.0 2.0 1.0 1.4 4.2 4.7 4.1

Service occupations

138.3 142.2 143.9 1.4 1.2 1.2 4.0 4.3 4.0

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(2)

134.2 137.5 138.5 0.9 0.7 0.7 2.9 3.4 3.2

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

134.6 137.5 138.9 1.0 0.6 1.0 2.8 3.2 3.2

Management, professional, and related

134.1 136.4 138.1 1.1 0.4 1.2 2.6 2.8 3.0

Sales and office

136.4 142.2 138.5 0.8 0.9 -2.6 4.3 5.1 1.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

134.4 138.0 139.8 0.6 0.6 1.3 2.6 3.3 4.0

Production, transportation, and material moving

133.5 136.7 138.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.9 3.4 3.4

Construction

133.3 137.4 138.0 0.7 0.5 0.4 2.9 3.8 3.5

Manufacturing

134.2 137.1 138.4 1.0 0.7 0.9 2.9 3.2 3.1

Management, professional, and related

134.6 136.8 138.6 1.1 0.4 1.3 2.8 2.8 3.0

Sales and office

137.5 141.1 140.7 1.1 1.1 -0.3 3.7 3.7 2.3

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

134.4 137.6 138.9 0.6 0.8 0.9 2.4 3.0 3.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

133.2 136.5 137.7 1.0 1.0 0.9 2.9 3.5 3.4

Aircraft manufacturing

143.8 144.1 145.5 1.6 0.0 1.0 1.9 1.8 1.2

Service-providing industries(3)

136.4 139.1 140.9 0.9 0.5 1.3 2.9 2.9 3.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

136.2 138.9 140.5 0.9 0.5 1.2 2.8 2.9 3.2

Management, professional, and related

135.6 137.9 139.3 0.5 0.3 1.0 2.3 2.2 2.7

Sales and office

136.5 139.0 141.7 1.2 0.3 1.9 3.5 3.0 3.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

133.6 136.7 138.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 2.1 2.7 3.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

140.8 144.3 146.1 2.0 1.0 1.2 4.3 4.5 3.8

Service occupations

138.2 142.1 143.9 1.3 1.1 1.3 3.9 4.2 4.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

137.4 140.2 141.9 1.3 0.5 1.2 3.4 3.3 3.3

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

137.2 140.5 142.2 1.1 0.6 1.2 3.2 3.5 3.6

Wholesale trade

131.7 132.1 134.1 1.0 -0.1 1.5 3.5 1.3 1.8

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

133.2 135.6 137.1 1.1 0.6 1.1 2.9 2.9 2.9

Retail trade

139.1 142.9 144.3 1.2 0.6 1.0 3.3 3.9 3.7

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

137.7 141.0 142.8 1.3 0.6 1.3 3.7 3.8 3.7

Transportation and warehousing

140.9 144.9 146.9 1.8 0.8 1.4 4.1 4.7 4.3

Utilities

143.6 145.6 146.9 1.6 0.2 0.9 2.4 3.0 2.3

Information

132.6 134.8 136.3 1.0 0.3 1.1 3.3 2.7 2.8

Financial activities

136.4 139.0 140.6 1.0 0.2 1.2 2.6 3.0 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

136.7 138.3 139.8 1.3 0.3 1.1 2.8 2.4 2.3

Finance and insurance

137.2 139.9 141.7 1.0 0.1 1.3 2.5 3.0 3.3

Credit intermediation and related activities

133.5 136.1 137.7 1.4 0.0 1.2 2.8 3.4 3.1

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

138.2 139.7 141.5 1.7 0.0 1.3 3.1 2.8 2.4

Insurance carriers and related activities

136.9 138.3 139.6 1.6 -0.2 0.9 2.5 2.7 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

134.9 136.3 137.9 1.3 0.3 1.2 2.7 2.3 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

133.4 135.2 136.1 1.1 0.4 0.7 2.8 2.5 2.0

Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)

137.3 139.3 140.3 1.2 0.7 0.7 3.2 2.7 2.2

Professional and business services

136.9 139.5 142.2 0.8 0.4 1.9 2.5 2.7 3.9

Professional, scientific, and technical services

139.1 141.4 145.0 0.7 0.1 2.5 2.2 2.4 4.2

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

134.8 137.7 139.6 1.0 0.6 1.4 3.5 3.2 3.6

Education and health services

134.8 137.4 138.6 0.4 0.5 0.9 2.7 2.4 2.8

Educational services

133.0 136.4 137.2 0.0 0.2 0.6 2.2 2.6 3.2

Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools

134.3 137.2 138.0 0.2 0.5 0.6 2.6 2.4 2.8

Health care and social assistance

135.2 137.7 138.9 0.5 0.6 0.9 2.8 2.4 2.7

Hospitals

135.3 137.9 138.8 0.4 0.7 0.7 2.7 2.4 2.6

Nursing and residential care facilities

132.4 134.8 136.3 0.8 0.6 1.1 3.0 2.6 2.9

Nursing care facilities(1)

131.6 133.8 135.2 0.5 0.7 1.0 2.9 2.1 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

140.0 143.4 145.5 1.2 1.3 1.5 3.9 3.6 3.9

Accommodation and food service

140.7 144.8 147.0 1.4 1.3 1.5 3.9 4.3 4.5

Other services, except public administration

137.0 139.9 141.0 1.2 1.0 0.8 2.9 3.3 2.9

Footnotes
(1) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division Indexes (Dec.2005=100) Percent changes for-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Bargaining status

Union

135.7 139.2 140.2 0.8 0.8 0.7 3.1 3.4 3.3

Goods-producing industries(1)

130.9 134.1 134.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 2.3 3.0 3.0

Manufacturing

128.0 130.9 131.9 0.4 1.0 0.8 1.8 2.7 3.0

Service-providing industries(2)

138.9 142.5 143.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 3.5 3.6 3.5

Nonunion

136.0 138.7 140.4 1.0 0.5 1.2 3.0 3.0 3.2

Goods-producing industries(1)

134.9 138.2 139.3 1.0 0.7 0.8 3.0 3.4 3.3

Manufacturing

135.5 138.4 139.7 1.1 0.7 0.9 3.1 3.3 3.1

Service-providing industries(2)

136.2 138.8 140.7 0.9 0.4 1.4 2.9 2.8 3.3

Census region and division(3)

Northeast

137.6 140.7 141.9 1.2 0.6 0.9 3.1 3.5 3.1

New England

142.8 146.1 147.1 0.9 0.5 0.7 3.5 3.3 3.0

Middle Atlantic

135.7 138.7 140.0 1.3 0.7 0.9 3.0 3.5 3.2

South

134.4 137.3 138.4 0.6 0.4 0.8 2.4 2.8 3.0

South Atlantic

136.7 139.7 140.4 0.6 0.4 0.5 2.6 2.8 2.7

East South Central

132.4 136.3 137.1 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.6 3.5 3.5

West South Central

131.3 133.7 135.4 0.7 0.4 1.3 2.2 2.5 3.1

Midwest

133.5 136.0 138.2 0.9 0.7 1.6 3.2 2.8 3.5

East North Central

132.1 134.3 137.2 1.1 0.7 2.2 3.3 2.8 3.9

West North Central

136.9 140.0 140.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 2.8 2.9 2.8

West

139.3 141.9 144.3 1.1 0.4 1.7 3.5 3.0 3.6

Mountain

136.3 139.1 140.8 0.8 0.1 1.2 2.9 2.9 3.3

Pacific

140.7 143.2 145.8 1.3 0.5 1.8 3.8 3.1 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(2) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(3) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

All workers

130.2 133.0 133.7 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.5 2.5 2.7

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

129.2 132.2 132.6 0.4 0.5 0.3 2.4 2.7 2.6

Professional and related

129.0 131.9 132.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.4 2.6 2.6

Sales and office

130.2 132.9 133.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 2.8 2.5 2.6

Office and administrative support

130.6 133.3 134.1 0.4 0.3 0.6 2.8 2.5 2.7

Service occupations

133.5 136.1 137.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 2.7 2.6 2.6

Industry

Education and health services

129.2 132.2 132.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services

128.6 131.6 131.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 2.5 2.7 2.6

Schools

128.6 131.6 131.9 0.3 0.3 0.2 2.5 2.7 2.6

Elementary and secondary schools

127.9 131.1 131.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.4 2.7 2.7

Health care and social assistance

134.3 137.1 137.9 0.7 0.9 0.6 2.3 2.8 2.7

Hospitals

133.1 135.9 136.9 0.8 1.0 0.7 2.2 2.9 2.9

Public administration

131.7 134.2 135.1 0.7 0.6 0.7 2.7 2.6 2.6

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group, industry, and bargaining status Indexes (Dec. 2005=100) Percent changes for-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
3-months ended- 12-months ended-
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Civilian workers

All workers(1)

139.2 141.2 142.1 0.8 0.4 0.6 2.6 2.2 2.1

Private industry workers

All workers

134.7 136.2 136.9 0.8 0.3 0.5 2.4 1.9 1.6

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

133.3 134.8 135.4 0.9 0.2 0.4 2.1 2.0 1.6

Sales and office

136.2 137.7 138.4 0.7 0.1 0.5 2.9 1.8 1.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

137.9 139.0 139.7 0.7 0.2 0.5 3.3 1.5 1.3

Production, transportation, and material moving

135.0 136.6 137.6 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.8 2.1 1.9

Service occupations

133.6 135.5 136.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 1.8 2.0 2.0

Industry

Goods-producing industries(2)

130.8 132.5 133.0 0.9 0.2 0.4 1.4 2.2 1.7

Manufacturing

130.5 131.9 132.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 1.1 2.2 1.3

Aircraft manufacturing

99.0 99.0 94.4 1.3 -0.3 -4.6 -19.0 1.3 -4.6

Service-providing industries(3)

136.1 137.6 138.4 0.7 0.3 0.6 2.6 1.9 1.7

Bargaining status

Union

146.9 147.4 148.0 0.8 0.3 0.4 3.7 1.2 0.7

Nonunion

132.3 133.9 134.7 0.8 0.2 0.6 2.1 2.1 1.8

State and local government workers

All workers

155.8 159.5 160.9 0.9 0.6 0.9 3.6 3.3 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing.
(3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation and wages and salaries, for private industry workers by area [Not seasonally adjusted]
Census region and metropolitan area(1) 12-month percent changes -
Total compensation(2) Wages and salaries
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020
Mar.
2019
Dec.
2019
Mar.
2020

Northeast

Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT CSA

2.5 3.5 3.5 2.4 3.9 4.0

New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA

3.9 3.8 2.5 3.5 4.0 2.9

Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA

1.9 2.3 2.3 1.9 2.5 2.9

South

Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA CSA

2.3 3.1 3.6 2.5 3.8 4.3

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK CSA

2.8 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.4 3.7

Houston-The Woodlands, TX CSA

1.4 1.9 2.8 1.4 1.6 2.8

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA

2.5 2.3 1.9 2.9 2.6 2.0

Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA

2.6 2.8 3.0 2.4 2.9 3.5

Midwest

Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CSA

2.6 2.4 3.2 2.7 2.6 3.8

Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI CSA

1.9 2.9 2.7 1.8 3.7 3.7

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI CSA

2.7 2.5 3.1 2.2 2.2 3.6

West

Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA CSA

3.5 3.4 3.5 4.5 4.0 4.1

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA

3.1 3.3 3.7 3.1 3.7 4.4

San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA

3.0 2.6 3.7 3.3 3.2 4.4

Seattle-Tacoma, WA CSA

-0.2 1.4 2.1 2.9 1.3 3.3

Footnotes
(1) These areas include Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Beginning with the December 2018 release, area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. Previous area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 04-03, dated February 18, 2004. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html.
(2) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.

SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey


Last Modified Date: April 30, 2020