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For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 29, 2019 USDL-19-0493 Technical information: (202) 691-6569 * oesinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/oes Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES -- MAY 2018 Transportation and material moving occupations had employment of 10.2 million in May 2018, representing 7.1 percent of total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The largest transportation and material moving occupation was laborers and hand freight, stock, and material movers (2.9 million) and the highest paying transportation and material moving occupation was airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers ($169,560). The annual mean wage across all transportation and material moving occupations was $38,290, compared with the U.S. average wage of $51,960. (See table 1.) The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program provides employment and wage estimates for over 800 occupations in the nation, states, and approximately 530 areas. National data are available by industry for approximately 415 industry classifications and by ownership across all industries, schools, and hospitals. This news release features transportation and material moving; education, training, and library; and food preparation and serving related occupations, in addition to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) occupations and employment and wages by typical entry-level educational requirement. National employment and wage information for all occupations is shown in table 1. _____________________________________________________________________________ | | | Changes to the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data | | | | Within metropolitan areas, data for the 38 metropolitan divisions are no | | longer available. Also, some small nonmetropolitan areas have been combined | | to form larger nonmetropolitan areas. See the box notes at the end of this | | news release for more information on current and upcoming changes to OES | | data. | |_____________________________________________________________________________| Transportation and material moving occupations --The largest transportation and material moving occupations were laborers and hand freight, stock, and material movers (2.9 million); heavy and tractor- trailer truck drivers (1.8 million); and light truck or delivery services drivers (915,310). (See table 1.) --Several of the highest paying transportation and material moving occupations were related to air or water transportation. The highest paying transportation and material moving occupations were airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers ($169,560); air traffic controllers ($120,830); commercial pilots ($96,530); and captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels ($82,380). (See table 1.) --The lowest paying transportation and material moving occupations were parking lot attendants ($25,130) and automotive and watercraft service attendants ($25,940). (See table 1.) --Industries with the highest employment of transportation and material moving occupations were truck transportation (1.1 million); employment services, which includes temporary help services (890,660); and warehousing and storage (725,670). --States with the highest employment shares of transportation and material moving occupations were Kentucky (9.6 percent), New Jersey, and Tennessee (each 9.4 percent). --Alaska ($59,320), the District of Columbia ($47,670), and Hawaii ($47,450) were among the states with the highest wages for transportation and material moving occupations. State and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm, respectively. National industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm. Education, training, and library occupations --Education, training, and library occupations had employment of 8.8 million and an annual mean wage of $56,620. (See table 1.) --Over 74 percent of education, training, and library jobs were in the public sector. Local government accounted for 64 percent of employment in this occupational group. --The largest education, training, and library occupations were elementary school teachers, except special education (1.4 million); teacher assistants (1.3 million); and secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education (1.1 million). (See table 1.) These were also the largest occupations in the public sector. --The highest paying education, training, and library occupations were all postsecondary teaching occupations, including postsecondary law teachers ($130,710) and postsecondary health specialties teachers ($122,320). (See table 1.) --The lowest paying education, training, and library occupations were teacher assistants ($28,750) and substitute teachers ($32,360). (See table 1.) --Elementary school teachers, except special education had an annual mean wage of $62,200 nationally. (See table 1.) Wages for this occupation varied by state from $40,450 in Oklahoma to $83,010 in New York. Public and private sector ownership data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm. Food preparation and serving related occupations --Food preparation and serving related occupations had total employment of 13.4 million, representing 9.2 percent of U.S. employment, and an annual mean wage of $25,580. This was the third-largest occupational group (after office and administrative support occupations and sales and related occupations), as well as the lowest paying. (See table 1.) --The largest food preparation and serving related occupations were combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food (3.7 million); waiters and waitresses (2.6 million); and restaurant cooks (1.3 million). (See table 1.) --Chefs and head cooks ($52,160) was the highest paying food preparation and serving related occupation. Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food ($22,140) and fast food cooks ($22,650) were the lowest paying occupations in this group. (See table 1.) --Metropolitan areas with the highest concentrations of food preparation and serving related occupations included Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, Hawaii (18.8 percent); Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, S.C.-N.C. (18.1 percent); and Ocean City, N.J. (17.9 percent). --The highest paying areas for food preparation and serving related occupations included Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, Hawaii ($43,070); Urban Honolulu, Hawaii ($35,610); and Napa, Calif. ($33,800). Typical entry-level education --Occupations typically requiring postsecondary education for entry made up 37 percent of employment. The largest postsecondary category, occupations that typically require a bachelor's degree for entry, made up 22 percent of employment. This educational category includes registered nurses, teachers at the kindergarten through secondary levels, and many management, business and financial operations, computer, and engineering occupations. --Occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent for entry made up 39 percent of employment, and occupations that require no formal educational credential for entry made up 24 percent of employment. These two educational categories include most production and construction occupations, as well as large occupations such as retail salespersons, cashiers, and general office clerks. --Occupations typically requiring a postsecondary nondegree award, such as a certificate, for entry made up 6.2 percent of employment. The largest occupations in this educational category were heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers (1.8 million) and nursing assistants (1.5 million). --Average wages were generally higher for occupations requiring more education. Annual mean wages were $27,890 for occupations typically requiring no formal educational credential for entry, $43,060 for occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent, $56,970 for occupations typically requiring an associate's degree, and $87,130 for occupations typically requiring a bachelor's degree. --The highest paying occupations typically requiring less than a bachelor's degree for entry were air traffic controllers ($120,830), which typically require an associate's degree for entry, and transportation, storage, and distribution managers ($102,850), which typically require a high school diploma or the equivalent. --Occupations typically requiring a postsecondary nondegree award for entry had an average wage of $42,530. The highest paying metropolitan areas for occupations in this educational category included San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, Calif. ($55,690); Fairbanks, Alaska ($55,100); and Anchorage, Alaska ($54,090). The typical education level required to enter an occupation is based on education and training categories from the BLS Employment Projections program. Education and training levels assigned to each occupation are available at www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_112.htm. Additional charts are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2018.htm. Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations --There were nearly 9.1 million STEM jobs representing 6.3 percent of total U.S. employment. --Seven of the 10 largest STEM occupations were related to computers and included applications software developers (903,160) and computer user support specialists (630,700). (See table 1.) --Areas with the highest employment shares of STEM occupations were California-Lexington Park, Md. (27.4 percent), and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Calif. (21.0 percent). --STEM occupations had an annual mean wage of $93,070, compared with $49,170 for non-STEM occupations. Ninety-three of the 99 STEM occupations had mean wages significantly above the all-occupations average of $51,960. (See table 1.) --The highest paying STEM occupations were petroleum engineers ($156,370) and the three STEM-related management occupations. (See table 1.) --The lowest paying STEM occupations were forest and conservation technicians ($40,110) and agricultural and food science technicians ($44,170). (See table 1.) Occupations included in the STEM definition used for this news release are available at www.bls.gov/oes/stem_list_2018.xlsx. Additional STEM charts are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2018.htm. Largest occupations --The largest occupations overall were retail salespersons (4.4 million); combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food (3.7 million); and cashiers (3.6 million). (See table 1.) --Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average wages. Retail salespersons ($28,310), combined food preparation and serving workers ($22,140), and cashiers ($23,240) had annual mean wages significantly below the all-occupations average of $51,960. (See table 1.) --Registered nurses ($75,510) and general and operations managers ($123,880) were the largest occupations with above-average wages. (See table 1.) Public sector occupations --The public sector made up 15 percent of employment and had a different occupational mix from the private sector. --Many of the largest public sector occupations were related to education. In addition to elementary school teachers, except special education (public sector employment of 1.3 million); teacher assistants (1.0 million); and secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education (926,100), the occupations with the highest public sector employment included middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education (541,280) and substitute teachers (505,000). --Outside of the education, training, and library group, the occupations with the highest public sector employment were police and sheriff's patrol officers (654,570), general office clerks (539,230), and secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive (505,580). _____________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Area Changes to the May 2018 Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) | | | | OES continues to publish data for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas that | | cover the full geography of the United States. However, the level of detail | | available has decreased. | | | | OES no longer publishes data for metropolitan divisions. Data for the 11 large | | metropolitan areas that contain divisions are now available at the Metropolitan | | Statistical Area (MSA) or New England City and Town Area (NECTA) level only. | | | | In addition, some smaller nonmetropolitan areas have been combined to form larger | | nonmetropolitan areas. The May 2018 OES estimates contain data for 134 | | nonmetropolitan areas, compared with 167 nonmetropolitan areas in the May 2017 | | estimates. | | | | More information on these area changes is available at | | www.bls.gov/oes/areas_2018.htm. | |_____________________________________________________________________________________| _____________________________________________________________________________________ | | | Implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) System | | | | The OES program plans to begin implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational | | Classification (SOC) system with the May 2019 estimates, to be released by early | | April of 2020. Because each set of OES estimates is produced by combining three | | years of survey data, estimates for May 2019 and May 2020 will be based on a | | combination of survey data collected under the 2010 SOC and data collected under | | the 2018 SOC, and will use a hybrid of the two classification systems. The May | | 2021 OES estimates, to be released by early April of 2022, will be the first set | | of estimates based fully on the 2018 SOC. For more information, please see | | www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm. | |_____________________________________________________________________________________|
Technical Note Scope of the survey The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OES data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels; and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to 200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2018 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2018, November 2017, May 2017, November 2016, May 2016, and November 2015. The unweighted sampled employment of 83 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 58 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 71 percent based on establishments and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The occupational coding system The OES survey categorizes workers into 810 detailed occupations based on the Office of Management and Budget's 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Together, these detailed occupations make up 22 of the 23 SOC major occupational groups. Major group 55, Military Specific Occupations, is not included. For more information about the SOC system, please see the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc/. The industry coding system The May 2018 OES estimates use the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For more information about NAICS, see the BLS website at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm. The OES survey excludes the majority of the agricultural sector, with the exception of logging (NAICS 113310), support activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and support activities for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private households (NAICS 814) also are excluded. OES federal government data include the U.S. Postal Service and the federal executive branch only. All other industries, including state and local government, are covered by the survey. Survey sample The OES survey draws its sample from state unemployment insurance (UI) files. Supplemental sources are used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they do not report to the UI program. The OES survey sample is stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area, industry, and size. To provide the most occupational coverage, larger employers are more likely to be selected than smaller employers. A census is taken of the executive branch of the federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and state government. Concepts Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary employment in an occupation. The OES survey defines employment as the number of workers who can be classified as full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations or other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members of incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units; and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck. The survey does not include the self-employed, owners and partners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family workers. Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of premium pay. Base rate; cost- of-living allowances; guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay, including commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included. Excluded are overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition reimbursements. OES receives wage rate data for the federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and most state governments. For the remaining establishments, the OES survey data are placed into 12 intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding establishments are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers, and to report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an annual rate but do not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, pilots, and flight attendants. Other workers, such as some entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not work 40 hours per week, year round. For these workers, only an hourly wage is reported. Estimation methodology The OES survey is designed to produce estimates by combining six panels of data collected over a 3-year period. Each OES panel contains approximately 180,000 to 200,000 establishments. Recent OES survey panels have a reduced sample; see the “Changes to the May 2018 estimates” section below for more information. The full six-panel sample of nearly 1.2 million establishments allows the production of estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry, and occupation. Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are obtained by combining six panels of data, particularly for small geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the current panel need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels need to be updated to the current panel's reference period. The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index (ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before combining them with the current panel's data. The wage updating procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage rate, as measured in the earlier panel, according to the average movement of its broader occupational division. Imputation. Some establishments do not respond for a given panel. For most employers, a “nearest neighbor” hot deck imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute missing wage distributions. In some cases, data for nonrespondents are available from earlier panels. In those cases, the older data may be used and aged to represent the current reference period. Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments are weighted to represent all establishments for the reference period. Weights are further adjusted by the ratio of employment totals (the average of November 2017 and May 2018 employment) from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages to employment totals from the OES survey. Changes to the May 2018 estimates The OES sample has been reduced in recent survey panels. The November 2017 and May 2018 OES survey panels each had a sample of approximately 186,000 establishments. The May 2017 panel sample consisted of approximately 195,000 establishments, and the November 2016, May 2016, and November 2015 survey panels each consisted of approximately 200,000 establishments. With the publication of the May 2018 estimates, the OES program has made changes to the metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area data. OES continues to publish data for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas that cover the full geography of the United States. However, the level of detail available has been reduced. Elimination of metropolitan division data. OES no longer publishes data for the metropolitan divisions within the 11 large metropolitan areas that are further broken down into divisions. Data for these 11 areas are available at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or New England City and Town Area (NECTA) level only. For a list of metropolitan divisions and the corresponding MSAs/NECTAs, see www.bls.gov/oes/divisions_2018.xlsx. Consolidation of some nonmetropolitan areas. Some nonmetropolitan areas published in the May 2017 estimates have been combined to form larger nonmetropolitan areas. The May 2018 estimates contain data for 134 nonmetropolitan areas, compared with 167 nonmetropolitan areas in the May 2017 estimates. For a list of the 2018 nonmetropolitan areas, see www.bls.gov/oes/nonmet_2018.xlsx. A spreadsheet showing all of the new area definitions and names used for the May 2018 OES estimates is available at www.bls.gov/oes/area_definitions_2018.xlsx. For more information Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey is available in the Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2018 Median Occupation Employment Mean wages hourly Hourly Annual(1) wages All occupations 144,733,270 $24.98 $51,960 $18.58 Management occupations 7,616,650 58.44 121,560 50.11 Top executives..................................................................... 2,535,640 61.66 128,240 49.73 Chief executives.................................................................. 195,530 96.22 200,140 91.15 General and operations managers................................................... 2,289,770 59.56 123,880 48.52 Legislators....................................................................... 50,330 (²) 47,620 (²) Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers........... 717,220 68.03 141,500 60.70 Advertising and promotions managers............................................... 25,260 63.99 133,090 56.31 Marketing and sales managers...................................................... 619,500 68.75 143,000 61.59 Marketing managers............................................................... 240,440 70.79 147,240 64.56 Sales managers................................................................... 379,050 67.46 140,320 59.72 Public relations and fundraising managers......................................... 72,460 63.26 131,570 55.19 Operations specialties managers.................................................... 1,853,660 63.79 132,680 57.01 Administrative services managers.................................................. 283,570 50.99 106,050 46.24 Computer and information systems managers......................................... 391,430 73.49 152,860 68.53 Financial managers................................................................ 608,120 70.59 146,830 61.53 Industrial production managers.................................................... 181,310 54.51 113,370 49.70 Purchasing managers............................................................... 69,490 60.40 125,630 57.18 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................................ 124,810 49.45 102,850 45.54 Compensation and benefits managers................................................ 15,660 63.87 132,860 58.18 Human resources managers.......................................................... 143,580 60.91 126,700 54.47 Training and development managers................................................. 35,690 58.53 121,730 53.53 Other management occupations....................................................... 2,510,140 48.51 100,900 43.33 Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers................................ 4,770 38.43 79,940 32.67 Construction managers............................................................. 278,460 49.57 103,110 44.89 Education administrators.......................................................... 498,200 46.65 97,030 43.30 Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program................. 50,650 25.96 53,990 23.05 Education administrators, elementary and secondary school........................ 263,120 (²) 98,750 (²) Education administrators, postsecondary.......................................... 143,430 53.47 111,210 45.36 Education administrators, all other.............................................. 41,000 43.06 89,570 39.83 Architectural and engineering managers............................................ 188,290 71.62 148,970 67.67 Food service managers............................................................. 219,160 28.35 58,960 26.08 Funeral service managers.......................................................... 8,400 45.11 93,820 38.07 Gaming managers................................................................... 4,300 40.99 85,260 35.91 Lodging managers.................................................................. 37,050 29.94 62,270 25.67 Medical and health services managers.............................................. 372,670 54.68 113,730 47.95 Natural sciences managers......................................................... 60,260 67.16 139,680 59.55 Postmasters and mail superintendents.............................................. 13,770 37.04 77,040 36.52 Property, real estate, and community association managers......................... 202,550 34.49 71,730 28.05 Social and community service managers............................................. 149,870 34.46 71,670 31.41 Emergency management directors.................................................... 9,550 39.70 82,570 35.78 Managers, all other............................................................... 462,840 55.57 115,590 51.67 Business and financial operations occupations 7,721,300 36.98 76,910 32.86 Business operations specialists.................................................... 5,022,640 35.52 73,890 32.27 Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes................. 14,830 43.72 90,930 31.75 Buyers and purchasing agents...................................................... 407,410 32.47 67,530 30.17 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........................ 302,930 32.42 67,440 31.57 Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators................................... 287,730 32.47 67,540 31.68 Insurance appraisers, auto damage................................................ 15,200 31.50 65,510 30.06 Compliance officers............................................................... 300,900 34.86 72,520 33.10 Cost estimators................................................................... 211,600 33.52 69,710 30.79 Human resources workers........................................................... 671,140 32.32 67,240 29.52 Human resources specialists...................................................... 593,790 32.11 66,790 29.27 Farm labor contractors........................................................... 200 25.45 52,930 22.19 Labor relations specialists...................................................... 77,140 34.01 70,730 32.59 Logisticians...................................................................... 169,820 37.85 78,730 35.86 Management analysts............................................................... 684,470 45.38 94,390 40.20 Meeting, convention, and event planners........................................... 110,120 25.83 53,730 23.74 Fundraisers....................................................................... 75,700 29.62 61,610 27.38 Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists.............................. 83,550 32.65 67,910 30.29 Training and development specialists.............................................. 291,380 31.31 65,120 29.26 Market research analysts and marketing specialists................................ 638,200 34.11 70,960 30.35 Business operations specialists, all other........................................ 1,060,580 37.00 76,960 33.91 Financial specialists.............................................................. 2,698,660 39.69 82,550 34.02 Accountants and auditors.......................................................... 1,259,930 37.89 78,820 33.89 Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................................... 57,900 29.75 61,870 26.43 Budget analysts................................................................... 52,810 38.38 79,830 36.65 Credit analysts................................................................... 74,820 39.57 82,300 34.38 Financial analysts and advisors................................................... 602,500 50.03 104,050 39.84 Financial analysts............................................................... 306,200 48.55 100,990 41.18 Personal financial advisors...................................................... 200,260 58.54 121,770 42.73 Insurance underwriters........................................................... 96,040 36.96 76,880 33.36 Financial examiners............................................................... 58,590 43.42 90,310 38.55 Credit counselors and loan officers............................................... 340,690 35.33 73,490 29.11 Credit counselors................................................................ 35,740 23.95 49,820 21.72 Loan officers.................................................................... 304,950 36.67 76,270 30.31 Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents....................... 122,640 25.45 52,930 22.92 Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents................................. 54,550 29.09 60,500 26.17 Tax preparers.................................................................... 68,090 22.53 46,860 18.94 Financial specialists, all other.................................................. 128,760 37.30 77,580 33.79 Computer and mathematical occupations 4,384,300 44.01 91,530 41.51 Computer occupations............................................................... 4,214,820 43.98 91,480 41.50 Computer and information research scientists...................................... 30,070 59.54 123,850 56.91 Computer and information analysts................................................. 696,030 45.67 94,990 43.31 Computer systems analysts........................................................ 587,970 45.01 93,610 42.66 Information security analysts.................................................... 108,060 49.26 102,470 47.28 Software developers and programmers............................................... 1,666,270 50.23 104,480 48.04 Computer programmers............................................................. 230,470 43.07 89,580 40.52 Software developers, applications................................................ 903,160 51.96 108,080 49.82 Software developers, systems software............................................ 405,330 54.81 114,000 52.89 Web developers................................................................... 127,300 36.34 75,580 33.38 Database and systems administrators and network architects........................ 629,020 45.09 93,780 42.79 Database administrators.......................................................... 110,090 44.25 92,030 43.31 Network and computer systems administrators...................................... 366,250 41.86 87,070 39.45 Computer network architects...................................................... 152,670 53.43 111,130 52.41 Computer support specialists...................................................... 812,060 27.86 57,950 25.70 Computer user support specialists................................................ 630,700 26.46 55,050 24.51 Computer network support specialists............................................. 181,360 32.72 68,050 30.18 Computer occupations, all other................................................... 381,380 44.88 93,350 43.40 Mathematical science occupations................................................... 169,480 44.63 92,830 41.68 Actuaries......................................................................... 20,760 55.89 116,250 49.46 Mathematicians.................................................................... 2,580 50.42 104,870 48.99 Operations research analysts...................................................... 104,200 42.48 88,350 40.09 Statisticians..................................................................... 39,920 44.52 92,600 42.20 Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations.................................... 2,010 34.80 72,390 27.50 Architecture and engineering occupations 2,556,220 42.01 87,370 38.55 Architects, surveyors, and cartographers........................................... 179,380 38.61 80,300 35.20 Architects, except naval.......................................................... 123,020 41.58 86,480 37.37 Architects, except landscape and naval........................................... 104,360 42.72 88,860 38.16 Landscape architects............................................................. 18,660 35.17 73,160 32.80 Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists................................... 56,360 32.12 66,810 30.27 Cartographers and photogrammetrists.............................................. 11,050 32.86 68,340 30.98 Surveyors........................................................................ 45,310 31.94 66,440 30.09 Engineers.......................................................................... 1,700,880 47.71 99,230 44.75 Aerospace engineers............................................................... 63,960 56.30 117,100 55.39 Agricultural engineers............................................................ 1,630 38.03 79,090 37.07 Biomedical engineers.............................................................. 18,970 45.72 95,090 42.57 Chemical engineers................................................................ 32,060 55.03 114,470 50.44 Civil engineers................................................................... 306,030 45.06 93,720 41.65 Computer hardware engineers....................................................... 60,750 56.66 117,840 55.10 Electrical and electronics engineers.............................................. 320,610 50.12 104,250 47.63 Electrical engineers............................................................. 186,490 48.85 101,600 46.46 Electronics engineers, except computer........................................... 134,110 51.89 107,930 49.37 Environmental engineers........................................................... 53,070 44.54 92,640 42.13 Industrial engineers, including health and safety................................. 305,780 44.14 91,800 41.92 Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors....... 26,230 45.01 93,630 42.85 Industrial engineers............................................................. 279,550 44.05 91,630 41.84 Marine engineers and naval architects............................................. 11,350 47.58 98,970 44.50 Materials engineers............................................................... 26,930 46.60 96,930 44.42 Mechanical engineers.............................................................. 303,440 44.62 92,800 42.00 Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers................ 5,780 47.32 98,420 44.35 Nuclear engineers................................................................. 15,980 53.26 110,790 51.73 Petroleum engineers............................................................... 32,510 75.18 156,370 65.95 Engineers, all other.............................................................. 142,030 47.80 99,410 46.62 Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians......................... 675,960 28.56 59,410 27.32 Drafters.......................................................................... 193,260 27.97 58,180 26.71 Architectural and civil drafters................................................. 97,610 27.26 56,700 26.40 Electrical and electronics drafters.............................................. 24,900 30.96 64,400 28.88 Mechanical drafters.............................................................. 56,170 28.37 59,010 26.89 Drafters, all other.............................................................. 14,580 26.08 54,240 24.93 Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................................... 430,400 29.51 61,380 28.37 Aerospace engineering and operations technicians................................. 10,110 33.16 68,970 32.22 Civil engineering technicians.................................................... 71,150 26.29 54,670 25.28 Electrical and electronics engineering technicians............................... 126,950 31.27 65,050 30.93 Electro-mechanical technicians................................................... 13,520 28.96 60,240 27.78 Environmental engineering technicians............................................ 17,310 26.34 54,800 24.31 Industrial engineering technicians............................................... 66,540 28.30 58,860 26.66 Mechanical engineering technicians............................................... 41,460 28.00 58,240 27.04 Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other.............................. 83,360 31.60 65,720 30.38 Surveying and mapping technicians................................................. 52,300 22.93 47,690 21.34 Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,171,910 36.62 76,160 31.77 Life scientists.................................................................... 304,750 41.56 86,450 36.47 Agricultural and food scientists.................................................. 30,880 34.24 71,230 30.78 Animal scientists................................................................ 2,530 32.54 67,690 28.07 Food scientists and technologists................................................ 13,330 34.89 72,570 31.39 Soil and plant scientists........................................................ 15,010 33.96 70,630 30.74 Biological scientists............................................................. 109,040 41.54 86,390 37.29 Biochemists and biophysicists.................................................... 28,500 50.93 105,940 44.85 Microbiologists.................................................................. 20,030 39.02 81,150 34.45 Zoologists and wildlife biologists............................................... 17,860 32.58 67,760 30.49 Biological scientists, all other................................................. 42,640 40.19 83,600 38.27 Conservation scientists and foresters............................................. 30,600 31.12 64,720 29.49 Conservation scientists.......................................................... 22,200 31.40 65,320 29.48 Foresters........................................................................ 8,410 30.36 63,150 29.53 Medical scientists................................................................ 127,380 45.80 95,270 40.16 Epidemiologists.................................................................. 7,060 36.39 75,690 33.49 Medical scientists, except epidemiologists....................................... 120,320 46.36 96,420 40.77 Life scientists, all other........................................................ 6,850 42.86 89,150 37.59 Physical scientists................................................................ 254,790 43.49 90,470 38.89 Astronomers and physicists........................................................ 19,770 59.48 123,730 57.49 Astronomers...................................................................... 2,160 53.41 111,090 50.81 Physicists....................................................................... 17,620 60.23 125,280 58.15 Atmospheric and space scientists.................................................. 9,310 45.95 95,580 45.25 Chemists and materials scientists................................................. 92,300 41.06 85,400 37.66 Chemists......................................................................... 84,560 40.31 83,850 36.97 Materials scientists............................................................. 7,730 49.25 102,450 47.98 Environmental scientists and geoscientists........................................ 116,020 41.10 85,480 36.34 Environmental scientists and specialists, including health....................... 80,480 37.30 77,580 34.20 Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............................... 29,260 51.83 107,800 43.81 Hydrologists..................................................................... 6,290 39.81 82,790 38.16 Physical scientists, all other.................................................... 17,380 52.93 110,090 51.55 Social scientists and related workers.............................................. 247,290 41.30 85,900 37.81 Economists........................................................................ 18,650 55.78 116,020 50.16 Survey researchers................................................................ 11,690 30.40 63,240 27.74 Psychologists..................................................................... 124,750 41.63 86,600 37.99 Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists................................... 110,490 41.03 85,340 37.01 Industrial-organizational psychologists.......................................... 780 52.42 109,030 46.76 Psychologists, all other......................................................... 13,480 45.97 95,610 48.45 Sociologists...................................................................... 2,710 43.41 90,290 39.45 Urban and regional planners....................................................... 37,840 36.65 76,240 35.12 Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers............................... 51,640 41.02 85,320 38.68 Anthropologists and archeologists................................................ 6,020 31.40 65,310 30.01 Geographers...................................................................... 1,390 38.72 80,530 38.60 Historians....................................................................... 3,040 31.91 66,380 29.40 Political scientists............................................................. 5,660 55.43 115,300 56.52 Social scientists and related workers, all other................................. 35,530 41.22 85,750 39.11 Life, physical, and social science technicians..................................... 365,080 24.52 50,990 22.47 Agricultural and food science technicians......................................... 21,290 21.24 44,170 19.65 Biological technicians............................................................ 77,450 23.10 48,060 21.39 Chemical technicians.............................................................. 65,500 24.84 51,670 23.15 Geological and petroleum technicians.............................................. 15,060 30.23 62,890 25.62 Nuclear technicians............................................................... 7,230 38.45 79,970 38.05 Social science research assistants................................................ 34,550 24.24 50,420 22.42 Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...................... 144,010 24.38 50,720 22.54 Environmental science and protection technicians, including health............... 32,600 24.21 50,350 22.20 Forensic science technicians..................................................... 15,970 30.05 62,490 27.99 Forest and conservation technicians.............................................. 30,220 19.28 40,110 17.88 Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other........................ 65,220 25.45 52,940 23.88 Community and social service occupations 2,171,820 23.69 49,280 21.62 Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists..... 2,090,700 23.69 49,270 21.62 Counselors........................................................................ 735,100 24.96 51,920 22.98 Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors......................... 285,460 28.93 60,160 27.07 Marriage and family therapists................................................... 48,520 26.03 54,150 24.08 Rehabilitation counselors........................................................ 106,860 19.20 39,930 17.13 Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors............... 267,730 23.04 47,920 21.46 Counselors, all other............................................................ 26,530 22.95 47,740 20.26 Social workers.................................................................... 662,550 25.51 53,060 23.79 Child, family, and school social workers......................................... 320,170 23.92 49,760 22.24 Healthcare social workers........................................................ 168,190 28.11 58,470 27.02 Mental health and substance abuse social workers................................. 116,750 23.86 49,630 21.56 Social workers, all other........................................................ 57,440 30.12 62,660 30.35 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............................ 693,040 20.59 42,820 18.35 Health educators................................................................. 58,780 28.68 59,660 26.07 Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists........................ 87,660 28.27 58,790 25.49 Social and human service assistants.............................................. 392,300 17.22 35,830 16.22 Community health workers......................................................... 56,130 20.90 43,480 19.01 Community and social service specialists, all other.............................. 98,170 22.14 46,050 20.49 Religious workers.................................................................. 81,120 23.94 49,790 21.62 Clergy............................................................................ 50,960 25.62 53,290 23.55 Directors, religious activities and education..................................... 21,700 22.59 46,980 19.62 Religious workers, all other...................................................... 8,460 17.24 35,860 14.33 Legal occupations 1,127,900 52.25 108,690 38.85 Lawyers, judges, and related workers............................................... 708,140 67.23 139,850 56.68 Lawyers and judicial law clerks................................................... 659,090 68.33 142,130 57.00 Lawyers.......................................................................... 642,750 69.34 144,230 58.13 Judicial law clerks.............................................................. 16,350 28.63 59,540 25.74 Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers................................... 49,040 52.49 109,170 52.05 Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers.................... 14,280 48.66 101,210 48.00 Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators......................................... 6,240 34.98 72,760 29.94 Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates....................................... 28,520 58.23 121,130 64.39 Legal support workers.............................................................. 419,770 26.98 56,130 24.72 Paralegals and legal assistants................................................... 309,940 26.20 54,500 24.49 Miscellaneous legal support workers............................................... 109,820 29.19 60,710 25.40 Court reporters.................................................................. 14,490 30.00 62,390 27.48 Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers...................................... 52,180 24.70 51,380 22.66 Legal support workers, all other................................................. 43,150 34.34 71,420 28.33 Education, training, and library occupations 8,779,780 27.22 56,620 23.89 Postsecondary teachers............................................................. 1,517,100 (²) 85,190 (²) Business teachers, postsecondary.................................................. 84,230 (²) 103,330 (²) Math and computer teachers, postsecondary......................................... 83,690 (²) 90,650 (²) Computer science teachers, postsecondary......................................... 32,430 (²) 96,200 (²) Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary..................................... 51,250 (²) 87,140 (²) Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary.............................. 44,420 (²) 111,450 (²) Architecture teachers, postsecondary............................................. 6,880 (²) 99,320 (²) Engineering teachers, postsecondary.............................................. 37,530 (²) 113,680 (²) Life sciences teachers, postsecondary............................................. 64,660 (²) 96,110 (²) Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary.................................... 10,810 (²) 90,890 (²) Biological science teachers, postsecondary....................................... 51,770 (²) 97,340 (²) Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary........................ 2,070 (²) 92,550 (²) Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary......................................... 52,160 (²) 97,280 (²) Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary........... 11,020 (²) 101,890 (²) Chemistry teachers, postsecondary................................................ 21,370 (²) 92,360 (²) Environmental science teachers, postsecondary.................................... 6,040 (²) 91,330 (²) Physics teachers, postsecondary.................................................. 13,730 (²) 103,830 (²) Social sciences teachers, postsecondary........................................... 117,510 (²) 92,440 (²) Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary.............................. 5,890 (²) 94,080 (²) Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary....................... 9,850 (²) 85,450 (²) Economics teachers, postsecondary................................................ 12,750 (²) 117,180 (²) Geography teachers, postsecondary................................................ 3,960 (²) 88,950 (²) Political science teachers, postsecondary........................................ 15,890 (²) 99,480 (²) Psychology teachers, postsecondary............................................... 37,630 (²) 88,490 (²) Sociology teachers, postsecondary................................................ 13,870 (²) 83,310 (²) Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other............................... 17,670 (²) 87,950 (²) Health teachers, postsecondary.................................................... 255,190 (²) 113,370 (²) Health specialties teachers, postsecondary....................................... 199,480 (²) 122,320 (²) Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary.................................. 55,710 (²) 81,350 (²) Education and library science teachers, postsecondary............................. 65,570 (²) 73,800 (²) Education teachers, postsecondary................................................ 60,930 (²) 73,680 (²) Library science teachers, postsecondary.......................................... 4,650 (²) 75,450 (²) Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary.................... 44,500 (²) 96,110 (²) Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary..................... 14,890 (²) 72,390 (²) Law teachers, postsecondary...................................................... 16,990 (²) 130,710 (²) Social work teachers, postsecondary.............................................. 12,620 (²) 77,520 (²) Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary...................... 260,960 (²) 80,670 (²) Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary.................................... 94,310 (²) 82,560 (²) Communications teachers, postsecondary........................................... 29,100 (²) 78,090 (²) English language and literature teachers, postsecondary.......................... 68,360 (²) 78,150 (²) Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary.......................... 25,590 (²) 79,160 (²) History teachers, postsecondary.................................................. 20,510 (²) 83,990 (²) Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary.................................. 23,100 (²) 82,420 (²) Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers.............................................. 444,210 (²) 60,200 (²) Graduate teaching assistants..................................................... 131,490 (²) 36,390 (²) Home economics teachers, postsecondary........................................... 2,080 (²) 77,170 (²) Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary........................... 16,490 (²) 72,190 (²) Vocational education teachers, postsecondary..................................... 110,400 28.14 58,520 25.54 Postsecondary teachers, all other................................................ 183,750 (²) 76,990 (²) Preschool, primary, secondary, and special education school teachers............... 4,193,290 (²) 59,980 (²) Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................................... 555,680 19.26 40,070 16.33 Preschool teachers, except special education..................................... 424,520 16.54 34,410 14.32 Kindergarten teachers, except special education.................................. 131,160 (²) 58,370 (²) Elementary and middle school teachers............................................. 2,032,880 (²) 62,150 (²) Elementary school teachers, except special education............................. 1,410,970 (²) 62,200 (²) Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education............ 609,970 (²) 62,030 (²) Career/technical education teachers, middle school............................... 11,940 (²) 62,570 (²) Secondary school teachers......................................................... 1,129,040 (²) 64,230 (²) Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education......... 1,051,570 (²) 64,340 (²) Career/technical education teachers, secondary school............................ 77,460 (²) 62,810 (²) Special education teachers........................................................ 475,700 (²) 63,890 (²) Special education teachers, preschool............................................ 23,480 (²) 61,610 (²) Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school................... 185,190 (²) 63,110 (²) Special education teachers, middle school........................................ 87,870 (²) 64,390 (²) Special education teachers, secondary school..................................... 142,360 (²) 65,320 (²) Special education teachers, all other............................................ 36,800 (²) 62,500 (²) Other teachers and instructors..................................................... 1,203,570 19.35 40,250 15.89 Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors......... 57,750 27.94 58,110 25.79 Self-enrichment education teachers................................................ 243,080 21.62 44,960 18.62 Miscellaneous teachers and instructors............................................ 902,740 18.19 37,840 14.83 Substitute teachers.............................................................. 587,240 15.56 32,360 13.79 Teachers and instructors, all other, except substitute teachers.................. 315,510 (²) 48,040 (²) Librarians, curators, and archivists............................................... 246,200 24.66 51,290 23.08 Archivists, curators, and museum technicians...................................... 31,760 25.61 53,280 23.27 Archivists....................................................................... 6,370 27.12 56,400 25.11 Curators......................................................................... 12,280 28.12 58,490 25.86 Museum technicians and conservators.............................................. 13,100 22.53 46,870 20.68 Librarians........................................................................ 125,750 29.58 61,530 28.39 Library technicians............................................................... 88,690 17.34 36,080 16.37 Other education, training, and library occupations................................. 1,619,610 (²) 34,110 (²) Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists............................... 9,540 25.13 52,270 23.85 Farm and home management advisors................................................. 8,020 25.33 52,700 23.96 Instructional coordinators........................................................ 163,900 32.45 67,490 30.98 Teacher assistants................................................................ 1,331,560 (²) 28,750 (²) Education, training, and library workers, all other............................... 106,590 22.44 46,680 20.23 Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations 1,951,170 28.74 59,780 23.70 Art and design workers............................................................. 610,180 26.55 55,230 22.43 Artists and related workers....................................................... 90,990 40.83 84,930 36.34 Art directors.................................................................... 40,210 50.29 104,590 44.60 Craft artists.................................................................... 3,980 19.47 40,490 16.46 Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators.................... 11,620 28.06 58,370 23.74 Multimedia artists and animators................................................. 28,560 37.61 78,230 34.87 Artists and related workers, all other........................................... 6,620 32.55 67,700 31.44 Designers......................................................................... 519,180 24.05 50,020 20.66 Commercial and industrial designers.............................................. 33,200 34.34 71,430 32.01 Fashion designers................................................................ 19,750 42.12 87,610 34.96 Floral designers................................................................. 43,360 13.90 28,900 13.08 Graphic designers................................................................ 217,810 26.29 54,680 24.21 Interior designers............................................................... 57,070 28.42 59,120 25.66 Merchandise displayers and window trimmers....................................... 128,960 15.31 31,850 13.68 Set and exhibit designers........................................................ 10,590 29.34 61,020 26.09 Designers, all other............................................................. 8,450 32.99 68,610 29.12 Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers............................ 515,310 28.80 59,900 20.64 Actors, producers, and directors.................................................. 166,060 39.24 81,610 29.40 Actors........................................................................... 47,430 29.34 (²) 17.54 Producers and directors.......................................................... 118,630 43.19 89,840 34.46 Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers................................... 266,860 (²) 45,080 (²) Athletes and sports competitors.................................................. 10,800 (²) 87,030 (²) Coaches and scouts............................................................... 236,970 (²) 43,870 (²) Umpires, referees, and other sports officials.................................... 19,090 (²) 36,440 (²) Dancers and choreographers........................................................ 14,810 22.44 46,670 18.17 Dancers.......................................................................... 9,720 20.70 (²) 16.31 Choreographers................................................................... 5,090 25.75 53,560 22.98 Musicians, singers, and related workers........................................... 53,840 35.53 (²) 26.84 Music directors and composers.................................................... 12,160 28.75 59,790 23.86 Musicians and singers............................................................ 41,680 37.51 (²) 28.15 Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other................ 13,740 21.53 (²) 15.94 Media and communication workers.................................................... 586,190 31.72 65,980 27.66 Announcers........................................................................ 35,260 23.54 48,960 15.38 Radio and television announcers.................................................. 27,780 24.82 51,630 15.97 Public address system and other announcers....................................... 7,480 18.77 39,040 13.33 News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................................... 43,030 29.10 60,530 20.91 Broadcast news analysts.......................................................... 5,890 44.23 91,990 32.15 Reporters and correspondents..................................................... 37,140 26.70 55,530 19.84 Public relations specialists...................................................... 239,030 32.90 68,440 28.85 Writers and editors............................................................... 191,320 34.58 71,920 30.53 Editors.......................................................................... 95,750 33.41 69,480 28.60 Technical writers................................................................ 50,350 36.30 75,500 34.54 Writers and authors.............................................................. 45,210 35.14 73,090 29.89 Miscellaneous media and communication workers..................................... 77,560 26.20 54,490 23.84 Interpreters and translators..................................................... 57,140 26.55 55,230 24.00 Media and communication workers, all other....................................... 20,420 25.21 52,430 23.24 Media and communication equipment workers.......................................... 239,490 26.91 55,970 22.24 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators................... 121,890 24.02 49,960 20.98 Audio and video equipment technicians............................................ 75,940 23.53 48,940 21.04 Broadcast technicians............................................................ 31,580 22.48 46,770 19.27 Radio operators.................................................................. 870 21.49 44,710 20.30 Sound engineering technicians.................................................... 13,510 30.53 63,500 25.19 Photographers..................................................................... 49,560 20.56 42,770 16.35 Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors................ 49,240 36.58 76,090 28.36 Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture.......................... 21,080 29.69 61,750 26.24 Film and video editors........................................................... 28,160 41.75 86,830 30.12 Media and communication equipment workers, all other.............................. 18,790 37.06 77,080 38.26 Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations 8,646,730 39.42 82,000 31.94 Health diagnosing and treating practitioners....................................... 5,367,930 49.02 101,960 38.94 Chiropractors..................................................................... 34,740 41.28 85,870 34.33 Dentists.......................................................................... 128,060 86.82 180,590 75.12 Dentists, general................................................................ 113,000 84.54 175,840 73.00 Oral and maxillofacial surgeons.................................................. 4,830 116.52 242,370 (³) Orthodontists.................................................................... 5,350 108.54 225,760 (³) Prosthodontists.................................................................. 380 92.02 191,400 84.88 Dentists, all other specialists.................................................. 4,490 85.96 178,800 70.66 Dietitians and nutritionists...................................................... 64,670 29.43 61,210 29.02 Optometrists...................................................................... 37,220 57.68 119,980 53.75 Pharmacists....................................................................... 309,550 59.45 123,670 60.64 Physicians and surgeons........................................................... 679,280 101.43 210,980 (³) Anesthesiologists................................................................ 31,060 128.38 267,020 (³) Family and general practitioners................................................. 114,130 101.82 211,780 96.68 Internists, general.............................................................. 37,820 94.47 196,490 93.51 Obstetricians and gynecologists.................................................. 18,590 114.58 238,320 (³) Pediatricians, general........................................................... 28,490 88.10 183,240 82.00 Psychiatrists.................................................................... 25,630 105.95 220,380 (³) Surgeons......................................................................... 34,390 122.65 255,110 (³) Physicians and surgeons, all other............................................... 389,180 98.02 203,880 96.58 Physician assistants.............................................................. 114,710 52.13 108,430 52.22 Podiatrists....................................................................... 9,500 71.26 148,220 62.28 Therapists........................................................................ 687,790 38.24 79,530 37.23 Occupational therapists.......................................................... 126,900 41.04 85,350 40.51 Physical therapists.............................................................. 228,600 42.73 88,880 42.27 Radiation therapists............................................................. 18,260 41.70 86,730 39.58 Recreational therapists.......................................................... 18,840 24.34 50,640 23.01 Respiratory therapists........................................................... 129,600 30.05 62,500 28.98 Speech-language pathologists..................................................... 146,900 38.80 80,700 37.26 Exercise physiologists........................................................... 6,740 26.33 54,760 23.69 Therapists, all other............................................................ 11,950 27.73 57,680 24.51 Veterinarians..................................................................... 71,060 50.59 105,240 45.11 Registered nurses................................................................. 2,951,960 36.30 75,510 34.48 Nurse anesthetists................................................................ 43,520 84.03 174,790 80.75 Nurse midwives.................................................................... 6,250 51.40 106,910 49.89 Nurse practitioners............................................................... 179,650 52.90 110,030 51.46 Audiologists...................................................................... 13,300 39.52 82,210 36.50 Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other........................... 36,680 41.16 85,600 35.56 Health technologists and technicians............................................... 3,110,180 23.26 48,380 21.49 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................................. 321,220 25.91 53,880 25.16 Dental hygienists................................................................. 215,150 36.30 75,500 35.97 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................................. 390,630 31.38 65,260 30.60 Cardiovascular technologists and technicians..................................... 56,560 28.24 58,730 27.33 Diagnostic medical sonographers.................................................. 71,130 35.51 73,860 34.86 Nuclear medicine technologists................................................... 18,810 37.92 78,870 36.93 Radiologic technologists......................................................... 205,590 29.59 61,540 28.62 Magnetic resonance imaging technologists......................................... 38,540 34.73 72,230 34.46 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................................... 257,210 18.15 37,760 16.50 Health practitioner support technologists and technicians......................... 801,590 17.76 36,930 16.70 Dietetic technicians............................................................. 33,540 14.49 30,130 13.05 Pharmacy technicians............................................................. 417,860 16.35 34,020 15.72 Psychiatric technicians.......................................................... 71,360 18.15 37,760 15.80 Respiratory therapy technicians.................................................. 9,090 24.70 51,380 24.62 Surgical technologists........................................................... 110,160 23.58 49,040 22.74 Veterinary technologists and technicians......................................... 106,680 17.10 35,560 16.55 Ophthalmic medical technicians................................................... 52,890 18.38 38,220 17.56 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................................. 701,690 22.62 47,050 22.23 Medical records and health information technicians................................ 208,650 21.16 44,010 19.40 Opticians, dispensing............................................................. 72,250 19.20 39,930 17.80 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................................ 141,790 23.82 49,540 21.43 Orthotists and prosthetists...................................................... 8,830 35.51 73,860 33.23 Hearing aid specialists.......................................................... 7,680 26.75 55,650 25.37 Health technologists and technicians, all other.................................. 125,270 22.81 47,450 20.63 Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations........................... 168,630 32.01 66,590 30.01 Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........................ 106,410 34.43 71,610 33.35 Occupational health and safety specialists....................................... 88,390 36.03 74,940 35.11 Occupational health and safety technicians....................................... 18,020 26.57 55,270 24.41 Miscellaneous health practitioners and technical workers.......................... 62,210 27.89 58,000 24.35 Athletic trainers................................................................ 26,890 (²) 49,280 (²) Genetic counselors............................................................... 2,640 38.88 80,860 38.64 Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other........................ 32,680 30.45 63,340 26.26 Healthcare support occupations 4,117,450 15.57 32,380 14.30 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides........................................ 2,355,640 13.55 28,180 12.89 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................................... 2,355,640 13.55 28,180 12.89 Home health aides................................................................ 797,670 12.18 25,330 11.63 Psychiatric aides................................................................ 56,910 14.95 31,090 14.03 Nursing assistants............................................................... 1,450,960 14.22 29,580 13.72 Orderlies........................................................................ 50,100 14.35 29,840 13.49 Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides................... 191,870 24.10 50,130 24.86 Occupational therapy assistants and aides......................................... 50,360 27.00 56,150 27.70 Occupational therapy assistants.................................................. 42,660 29.04 60,410 28.95 Occupational therapy aides....................................................... 7,700 15.66 32,580 13.54 Physical therapist assistants and aides........................................... 141,510 23.07 47,980 23.12 Physical therapist assistants.................................................... 94,250 27.77 57,750 27.91 Physical therapist aides......................................................... 47,260 13.70 28,500 12.62 Other healthcare support occupations............................................... 1,569,940 17.55 36,500 16.75 Massage therapists................................................................ 105,160 22.06 45,880 19.92 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................................... 1,464,780 17.23 35,830 16.63 Dental assistants................................................................ 341,060 19.12 39,770 18.59 Medical assistants............................................................... 673,660 16.61 34,540 16.16 Medical equipment preparers...................................................... 55,610 18.27 37,990 17.42 Medical transcriptionists........................................................ 53,730 17.48 36,350 16.72 Pharmacy aides................................................................... 36,970 14.03 29,190 12.72 Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers........................... 89,480 13.79 28,690 13.24 Phlebotomists.................................................................... 125,280 17.10 35,560 16.58 Healthcare support workers, all other............................................ 88,990 18.80 39,110 18.19 Protective service occupations 3,437,410 23.36 48,580 19.54 Supervisors of protective service workers.......................................... 304,940 36.72 76,380 33.92 First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers................................. 160,410 41.51 86,350 39.35 First-line supervisors of correctional officers.................................. 43,760 32.86 68,350 30.45 First-line supervisors of police and detectives.................................. 116,660 44.76 93,100 42.80 First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers.................... 65,920 38.61 80,310 36.70 First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other................... 78,610 25.35 52,730 23.87 Fire fighting and prevention workers............................................... 336,230 25.78 53,630 24.04 Firefighters...................................................................... 321,570 25.60 53,240 23.85 Fire inspectors................................................................... 14,660 29.82 62,030 28.94 Fire inspectors and investigators................................................ 12,530 30.84 64,140 30.05 Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists................................ 2,130 23.85 49,610 19.04 Law enforcement workers............................................................ 1,217,260 29.42 61,190 26.81 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................................... 433,900 23.71 49,320 21.35 Bailiffs......................................................................... 18,900 23.97 49,870 22.00 Correctional officers and jailers................................................ 415,000 23.70 49,300 21.31 Detectives and criminal investigators............................................. 103,450 40.88 85,020 39.38 Fish and game wardens............................................................. 6,040 28.49 59,260 27.75 Parking enforcement workers....................................................... 8,070 20.29 42,200 19.15 Police officers................................................................... 665,800 31.47 65,460 29.56 Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................................. 661,330 31.44 65,400 29.51 Transit and railroad police...................................................... 4,470 35.79 74,450 35.59 Other protective service workers................................................... 1,578,980 15.59 32,430 13.76 Animal control workers............................................................ 12,080 18.51 38,490 17.47 Private detectives and investigators.............................................. 30,990 27.31 56,810 24.08 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................................. 1,124,610 15.43 32,090 13.72 Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators............................ 10,230 17.41 36,200 15.71 Security guards.................................................................. 1,114,380 15.41 32,050 13.70 Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................................... 411,300 15.06 31,330 13.22 Crossing guards.................................................................. 79,880 15.37 31,970 13.92 Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers........ 144,370 11.74 24,420 10.77 Transportation security screeners................................................ 45,250 20.13 41,860 19.95 Protective service workers, all other............................................ 141,790 16.66 34,650 14.77 Food preparation and serving related occupations 13,374,620 12.30 25,580 11.09 Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers................................ 1,093,000 18.30 38,070 16.30 Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers............................... 1,093,000 18.30 38,070 16.30 Chefs and head cooks............................................................. 128,600 25.08 52,160 23.30 First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers................... 964,400 17.40 36,190 15.60 Cooks and food preparation workers................................................. 3,218,110 12.56 26,120 11.91 Cooks............................................................................. 2,403,510 12.77 26,560 12.12 Cooks, fast food................................................................. 487,510 10.89 22,650 10.74 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................................. 400,320 13.60 28,290 12.91 Cooks, private household......................................................... 460 19.83 41,240 18.07 Cooks, restaurant................................................................ 1,340,810 13.26 27,580 12.76 Cooks, short order............................................................... 155,840 12.09 25,140 11.44 Cooks, all other................................................................. 18,570 14.60 30,360 13.78 Food preparation workers.......................................................... 814,600 11.94 24,830 11.41 Food and beverage serving workers.................................................. 7,630,110 11.51 23,940 10.43 Bartenders........................................................................ 631,480 12.88 26,780 10.84 Fast food and counter workers..................................................... 4,150,030 10.70 22,260 10.32 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food............... 3,676,180 10.64 22,140 10.22 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop.................. 473,860 11.17 23,240 10.74 Waiters and waitresses............................................................ 2,582,410 12.42 25,830 10.47 Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................................... 266,190 12.01 24,980 11.20 Other food preparation and serving related workers................................. 1,433,400 11.32 23,540 10.81 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers........................ 455,700 11.52 23,950 10.71 Dishwashers....................................................................... 504,770 11.15 23,190 10.93 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......................... 416,950 11.18 23,260 10.65 Food preparation and serving related workers, all other........................... 55,980 12.23 25,430 11.47 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations 4,421,980 14.43 30,020 12.91 Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............... 255,580 22.30 46,380 20.82 First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers... 255,580 22.30 46,380 20.82 First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers.................... 154,180 20.75 43,150 19.20 First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers.. 101,390 24.66 51,280 23.18 Building cleaning and pest control workers......................................... 3,171,520 13.56 28,200 12.17 Building cleaning workers......................................................... 3,094,210 13.44 27,960 12.10 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners.................... 2,156,270 13.92 28,950 12.55 Maids and housekeeping cleaners.................................................. 924,290 12.30 25,570 11.43 Building cleaning workers, all other............................................. 13,650 15.73 32,710 14.07 Pest control workers.............................................................. 77,300 18.24 37,950 17.12 Grounds maintenance workers........................................................ 994,880 15.19 31,600 14.13 Grounds maintenance workers....................................................... 994,880 15.19 31,600 14.13 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers........................................... 913,480 14.88 30,940 13.94 Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation........................ 24,500 18.37 38,210 16.98 Tree trimmers and pruners........................................................ 42,440 19.47 40,510 18.36 Grounds maintenance workers, all other........................................... 14,470 17.17 35,710 14.63 Personal care and service occupations 5,451,330 13.51 28,090 11.74 Supervisors of personal care and service workers................................... 258,960 20.53 42,710 18.92 First-line supervisors of gaming workers.......................................... 30,330 24.16 50,250 23.76 First-line supervisors of personal service workers................................ 228,620 20.05 41,710 18.46 Animal care and service workers.................................................... 214,680 12.76 26,540 11.51 Animal trainers................................................................... 14,830 16.95 35,260 14.08 Nonfarm animal caretakers......................................................... 199,850 12.45 25,890 11.42 Entertainment attendants and related workers....................................... 601,890 11.56 24,050 10.66 Gaming services workers........................................................... 113,640 11.65 24,240 10.07 Gaming dealers................................................................... 92,530 11.09 23,070 9.68 Gaming and sports book writers and runners....................................... 11,150 13.29 27,640 11.74 Gaming service workers, all other................................................ 9,950 15.03 31,260 13.24 Motion picture projectionists..................................................... 4,840 12.42 25,820 10.94 Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers....................................... 133,970 11.35 23,610 10.70 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........................ 349,440 11.61 24,140 10.78 Amusement and recreation attendants.............................................. 319,890 11.28 23,460 10.70 Costume attendants............................................................... 6,460 22.12 46,010 19.80 Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants.............................. 17,610 12.84 26,720 11.55 Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other.......................... 5,480 14.27 29,690 11.68 Funeral service workers............................................................ 65,150 19.77 41,130 16.30 Embalmers......................................................................... 4,070 22.42 46,640 21.27 Funeral attendants................................................................ 35,340 13.69 28,480 12.69 Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors.................................... 25,740 27.70 57,620 25.31 Personal appearance workers........................................................ 575,110 14.44 30,040 11.94 Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists............................ 397,350 14.59 30,340 11.94 Barbers.......................................................................... 20,130 15.97 33,220 13.44 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists................................... 377,210 14.51 30,190 11.89 Miscellaneous personal appearance workers......................................... 177,770 14.13 29,380 11.94 Makeup artists, theatrical and performance....................................... 3,140 34.63 72,030 30.89 Manicurists and pedicurists...................................................... 110,170 12.43 25,860 11.70 Shampooers....................................................................... 13,720 10.65 22,160 10.40 Skincare specialists............................................................. 50,740 17.48 36,350 15.05 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges.......................................... 79,840 14.46 30,070 12.91 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................................... 79,840 14.46 30,070 12.91 Baggage porters and bellhops..................................................... 42,350 12.98 26,990 11.64 Concierges....................................................................... 37,490 16.13 33,550 14.61 Tour and travel guides............................................................. 49,740 14.25 29,630 12.77 Tour and travel guides............................................................ 49,740 14.25 29,630 12.77 Other personal care and service workers............................................ 3,605,950 13.07 27,190 11.70 Childcare workers................................................................. 564,630 11.83 24,610 11.17 Personal care aides............................................................... 2,211,950 12.06 25,090 11.55 Recreation and fitness workers.................................................... 662,040 17.25 35,890 14.14 Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors........................................ 308,470 21.43 44,580 19.15 Recreation workers............................................................... 353,570 13.61 28,310 12.05 Residential advisors.............................................................. 108,380 14.41 29,970 13.39 Personal care and service workers, all other...................................... 58,970 13.59 28,270 12.59 Sales and related occupations 14,542,290 20.09 41,790 13.55 Supervisors of sales workers....................................................... 1,429,100 24.97 51,930 20.84 First-line supervisors of sales workers........................................... 1,429,100 24.97 51,930 20.84 First-line supervisors of retail sales workers................................... 1,181,530 21.67 45,080 19.05 First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers............................... 247,570 40.67 84,600 35.29 Retail sales workers............................................................... 8,787,270 12.75 26,520 11.33 Cashiers.......................................................................... 3,657,570 11.19 23,270 10.79 Cashiers......................................................................... 3,635,550 11.17 23,240 10.78 Gaming change persons and booth cashiers......................................... 22,020 13.09 27,220 11.96 Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons.................................. 681,580 15.52 32,280 13.68 Counter and rental clerks........................................................ 426,700 15.00 31,200 13.12 Parts salespersons............................................................... 254,870 16.39 34,080 14.63 Retail salespersons............................................................... 4,448,120 13.61 28,310 11.63 Sales representatives, services.................................................... 2,046,120 34.37 71,490 26.13 Advertising sales agents.......................................................... 133,110 30.46 63,360 24.87 Insurance sales agents............................................................ 393,830 32.64 67,890 24.33 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...................... 415,890 47.49 98,770 30.83 Travel agents..................................................................... 69,480 20.54 42,720 18.61 Sales representatives, services, all other........................................ 1,033,820 31.18 64,860 26.23 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................................. 1,663,160 35.43 73,680 29.64 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................................ 1,663,160 35.43 73,680 29.64 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products........................................................................ 312,980 44.15 91,830 38.31 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............................................................. 1,350,180 33.40 69,480 28.13 Other sales and related workers.................................................... 616,650 24.70 51,380 17.17 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................................... 84,560 15.96 33,200 13.85 Demonstrators and product promoters.............................................. 81,250 15.99 33,260 13.92 Models........................................................................... 3,310 15.18 31,570 11.43 Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................................. 197,080 31.37 65,240 24.18 Real estate brokers.............................................................. 40,320 37.95 78,940 27.99 Real estate sales agents......................................................... 156,760 29.67 61,720 23.41 Sales engineers................................................................... 65,720 52.22 108,610 48.76 Telemarketers..................................................................... 164,160 13.72 28,550 12.14 Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................................... 105,120 19.19 39,910 15.60 Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers......... 9,430 16.40 34,120 12.71 Sales and related workers, all other............................................. 95,690 19.46 40,480 15.97 Office and administrative support occupations 21,828,990 18.75 38,990 17.19 Supervisors of office and administrative support workers........................... 1,477,560 28.53 59,340 26.83 First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers............... 1,477,560 28.53 59,340 26.83 Communications equipment operators................................................. 78,860 15.45 32,140 14.36 Switchboard operators, including answering service................................ 71,600 15.04 31,290 14.14 Telephone operators............................................................... 5,160 18.93 39,360 17.91 Communications equipment operators, all other..................................... 2,100 20.87 43,410 19.74 Financial clerks................................................................... 2,978,640 19.07 39,660 18.02 Bill and account collectors....................................................... 251,330 18.38 38,220 17.32 Billing and posting clerks........................................................ 469,250 19.00 39,520 18.17 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks...................................... 1,530,430 20.25 42,110 19.35 Gaming cage workers............................................................... 16,020 13.93 28,980 13.22 Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................................... 144,030 22.17 46,110 21.66 Procurement clerks................................................................ 68,100 20.76 43,180 20.51 Tellers........................................................................... 468,470 14.49 30,140 14.16 Financial clerks, all other....................................................... 31,010 21.00 43,670 19.72 Information and record clerks...................................................... 5,773,540 17.19 35,750 15.91 Brokerage clerks.................................................................. 55,100 25.93 53,940 24.71 Correspondence clerks............................................................. 5,460 18.75 38,990 17.93 Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................................. 142,350 19.76 41,100 18.48 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................................... 29,980 19.55 40,670 18.63 Customer service representatives.................................................. 2,871,400 17.53 36,470 16.23 Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................................... 137,830 22.34 46,480 22.12 File clerks....................................................................... 110,020 16.25 33,810 15.24 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................................. 260,780 12.08 25,130 11.39 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................................... 192,820 17.08 35,520 16.38 Library assistants, clerical...................................................... 88,970 13.92 28,960 12.74 Loan interviewers and clerks...................................................... 222,620 19.86 41,310 19.18 New accounts clerks............................................................... 41,500 17.79 37,000 17.21 Order clerks...................................................................... 159,210 17.21 35,790 16.09 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........................ 124,600 20.01 41,620 19.42 Receptionists and information clerks.............................................. 1,043,630 14.59 30,350 14.01 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.................... 132,050 20.06 41,730 17.90 Information and record clerks, all other.......................................... 155,220 20.15 41,900 19.69 Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers.............. 4,149,140 17.28 35,950 15.45 Cargo and freight agents.......................................................... 92,280 22.15 46,070 20.77 Couriers and messengers........................................................... 75,720 14.72 30,620 13.81 Dispatchers....................................................................... 294,900 20.70 43,050 19.17 Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers.......................................... 95,020 20.81 43,290 19.55 Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance.................................. 199,880 20.64 42,940 18.98 Meter readers, utilities.......................................................... 33,570 21.46 44,640 19.40 Postal service workers............................................................ 525,070 24.78 51,540 28.25 Postal service clerks............................................................ 78,830 24.45 50,860 26.58 Postal service mail carriers..................................................... 342,410 24.89 51,780 26.54 Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators........ 103,830 24.64 51,250 28.26 Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................................... 350,150 24.05 50,020 22.88 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................................... 655,590 16.82 34,980 15.88 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................................... 2,056,030 13.71 28,520 12.36 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........................ 65,830 16.39 34,100 15.53 Secretaries and administrative assistants.......................................... 3,498,120 20.34 42,320 18.69 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................................... 3,498,120 20.34 42,320 18.69 Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants.................... 570,530 29.59 61,550 28.53 Legal secretaries................................................................ 176,880 24.06 50,040 22.29 Medical secretaries.............................................................. 585,410 17.83 37,090 17.19 Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive.. 2,165,310 18.28 38,030 17.61 Other office and administrative support workers.................................... 3,873,130 17.28 35,940 16.16 Computer operators................................................................ 34,700 22.47 46,750 22.04 Data entry and information processing workers..................................... 228,060 17.05 35,470 16.24 Data entry keyers................................................................ 174,930 16.22 33,740 15.47 Word processors and typists...................................................... 53,130 19.79 41,160 19.11 Desktop publishers................................................................ 10,740 22.47 46,750 20.63 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................................... 274,560 20.26 42,150 19.07 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..................... 86,150 15.41 32,040 14.63 Office clerks, general............................................................ 2,972,930 16.92 35,200 15.74 Office machine operators, except computer......................................... 48,580 16.60 34,530 15.76 Proofreaders and copy markers..................................................... 9,820 20.17 41,950 18.82 Statistical assistants............................................................ 11,010 24.09 50,110 23.24 Office and administrative support workers, all other.............................. 196,570 18.02 37,480 16.76 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 480,130 14.49 30,140 12.20 Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers.............................. 21,800 24.42 50,790 22.57 First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers.................. 21,800 24.42 50,790 22.57 Agricultural workers............................................................... 411,460 13.42 27,910 11.89 Agricultural inspectors........................................................... 13,240 22.10 45,970 21.22 Animal breeders................................................................... 2,160 20.71 43,080 17.82 Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................................ 38,210 12.74 26,510 11.75 Miscellaneous agricultural workers................................................ 357,850 13.12 27,290 11.83 Agricultural equipment operators................................................. 26,060 15.68 32,620 14.99 Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse.......................... 287,420 12.72 26,450 11.69 Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals............................... 37,780 13.87 28,840 12.77 Agricultural workers, all other.................................................. 6,600 16.51 34,340 14.18 Forest, conservation, and logging workers.......................................... 44,910 19.47 40,500 18.64 Forest and conservation workers................................................... 7,510 15.06 31,320 13.20 Logging workers................................................................... 37,400 20.36 42,340 19.54 Fallers.......................................................................... 4,680 23.33 48,520 21.19 Logging equipment operators...................................................... 25,730 20.12 41,840 19.48 Log graders and scalers.......................................................... 3,330 18.78 39,060 18.38 Logging workers, all other....................................................... 3,670 19.68 40,940 19.11 Construction and extraction occupations 5,962,640 24.62 51,220 22.12 Supervisors of construction and extraction workers................................. 598,210 33.91 70,540 31.36 First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers.............. 598,210 33.91 70,540 31.36 Construction trades workers........................................................ 4,497,490 23.97 49,850 21.54 Boilermakers...................................................................... 13,870 30.41 63,240 29.88 Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons......................................... 76,240 25.39 52,810 23.78 Brickmasons and blockmasons...................................................... 63,930 26.17 54,430 24.49 Stonemasons...................................................................... 12,310 21.33 44,370 19.82 Carpenters........................................................................ 718,730 24.58 51,120 22.40 Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................................. 83,740 21.79 45,330 19.63 Carpet installers................................................................ 26,100 21.42 44,550 18.92 Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles................................ 14,050 22.48 46,760 20.56 Floor sanders and finishers...................................................... 4,460 19.18 39,890 18.04 Tile and marble setters.......................................................... 39,130 22.09 45,950 20.12 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........................... 189,130 22.76 47,340 20.67 Cement masons and concrete finishers............................................. 186,400 22.76 47,350 20.67 Terrazzo workers and finishers................................................... 2,730 22.71 47,230 20.43 Construction laborers............................................................. 1,001,470 19.40 40,350 17.21 Construction equipment operators.................................................. 433,690 25.09 52,190 22.59 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators............................... 46,760 21.32 44,360 19.13 Pile-driver operators............................................................ 3,450 30.94 64,360 28.21 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators................... 383,480 25.50 53,030 22.98 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........................... 120,220 24.24 50,420 21.72 Drywall and ceiling tile installers.............................................. 101,900 23.64 49,170 21.03 Tapers........................................................................... 18,320 27.57 57,340 26.48 Electricians...................................................................... 655,840 28.46 59,190 26.53 Glaziers.......................................................................... 50,940 23.38 48,620 20.94 Insulation workers................................................................ 56,440 22.55 46,910 20.15 Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall..................................... 31,840 20.23 42,070 18.50 Insulation workers, mechanical................................................... 24,610 25.57 53,180 22.95 Painters and paperhangers......................................................... 231,200 20.69 43,030 18.72 Painters, construction and maintenance........................................... 228,420 20.70 43,050 18.72 Paperhangers..................................................................... 2,780 19.64 40,840 18.31 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............................... 476,140 27.39 56,980 25.33 Pipelayers....................................................................... 38,070 20.91 43,500 18.54 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.......................................... 438,070 27.96 58,150 25.92 Plasterers and stucco masons...................................................... 24,870 22.89 47,610 20.93 Reinforcing iron and rebar workers................................................ 18,360 26.28 54,670 23.23 Roofers........................................................................... 128,680 21.09 43,870 19.22 Sheet metal workers............................................................... 131,570 25.34 52,710 23.30 Structural iron and steel workers................................................. 77,410 27.97 58,170 25.95 Solar photovoltaic installers..................................................... 8,950 22.12 46,010 20.52 Helpers, construction trades....................................................... 233,580 15.82 32,900 15.00 Helpers, construction trades...................................................... 233,580 15.82 32,900 15.00 Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters...... 24,340 17.50 36,390 16.05 Helpers--carpenters.............................................................. 33,020 15.32 31,850 14.85 Helpers--electricians............................................................ 75,970 15.84 32,960 15.10 Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons................... 10,600 15.25 31,720 14.40 Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters..................... 54,710 15.66 32,570 14.89 Helpers--roofers................................................................. 8,630 15.26 31,740 14.61 Helpers, construction trades, all other.......................................... 26,320 15.56 32,370 14.67 Other construction and related workers............................................. 422,540 24.15 50,240 21.72 Construction and building inspectors.............................................. 104,090 30.36 63,150 28.70 Elevator installers and repairers................................................. 26,830 38.16 79,370 38.36 Fence erectors.................................................................... 23,530 18.10 37,650 16.73 Hazardous materials removal workers............................................... 44,000 22.62 47,050 20.21 Highway maintenance workers....................................................... 149,260 19.92 41,440 19.08 Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators............................. 14,410 27.46 57,120 27.37 Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners..................................... 27,090 19.97 41,530 18.74 Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................................... 33,340 20.68 43,000 18.68 Extraction workers................................................................. 210,820 22.96 47,760 21.34 Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining........... 79,030 25.46 52,950 23.36 Derrick operators, oil and gas................................................... 11,310 22.90 47,630 22.17 Rotary drill operators, oil and gas.............................................. 18,010 27.28 56,740 25.86 Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining..................................... 49,710 25.38 52,780 23.01 Earth drillers, except oil and gas................................................ 18,270 22.87 47,570 21.36 Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters....................... 5,640 25.38 52,780 23.97 Mining machine operators.......................................................... 22,910 25.53 53,090 25.34 Continuous mining machine operators.............................................. 14,710 26.19 54,470 26.21 Mine cutting and channeling machine operators.................................... 4,920 23.59 49,080 22.68 Mining machine operators, all other.............................................. 3,280 25.44 52,920 24.76 Rock splitters, quarry............................................................ 4,870 17.19 35,760 16.71 Roof bolters, mining.............................................................. 3,250 28.41 59,090 28.20 Roustabouts, oil and gas.......................................................... 54,810 19.34 40,220 18.07 Helpers--extraction workers....................................................... 15,930 18.10 37,660 17.48 Extraction workers, all other..................................................... 6,110 26.10 54,300 26.37 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 5,628,880 23.54 48,960 21.89 Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers....................... 471,820 33.33 69,320 31.80 First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers.................... 471,820 33.33 69,320 31.80 Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........... 583,310 25.57 53,190 24.53 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......................... 102,810 19.65 40,880 18.50 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers................... 243,820 27.42 57,030 26.93 Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers.................... 13,930 27.09 56,340 26.39 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.... 229,890 27.44 57,080 26.97 Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........................................................................ 236,690 26.23 54,570 25.27 Avionics technicians............................................................. 18,860 31.41 65,330 30.84 Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers................................ 15,800 22.00 45,770 20.60 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment.... 11,680 29.55 61,460 29.01 Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment........ 59,520 28.47 59,210 27.94 Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay.......... 22,980 38.48 80,040 38.56 Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles.................... 10,880 17.67 36,750 17.11 Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers................. 26,070 19.13 39,800 18.35 Security and fire alarm systems installers....................................... 70,900 23.34 48,540 22.69 Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.................. 1,614,070 22.21 46,200 20.83 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................................ 131,690 31.36 65,230 30.25 Automotive technicians and repairers.............................................. 809,740 21.17 44,030 19.63 Automotive body and related repairers............................................ 142,060 22.34 46,460 20.55 Automotive glass installers and repairers........................................ 19,640 17.49 36,370 16.43 Automotive service technicians and mechanics..................................... 648,050 21.02 43,730 19.57 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............................. 264,860 23.63 49,150 22.76 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics.............. 199,280 24.89 51,780 24.19 Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians................................. 34,300 20.29 42,190 19.54 Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................................. 140,260 25.66 53,370 24.96 Rail car repairers............................................................... 24,720 26.93 56,020 27.03 Small engine mechanics............................................................ 69,130 18.84 39,180 17.82 Motorboat mechanics and service technicians...................................... 22,280 20.35 42,330 19.32 Motorcycle mechanics............................................................. 15,090 18.87 39,260 17.69 Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics......................... 31,760 17.76 36,940 17.02 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers... 139,370 14.80 30,780 13.84 Bicycle repairers................................................................ 12,200 14.56 30,290 13.92 Recreational vehicle service technicians......................................... 15,560 19.28 40,090 18.35 Tire repairers and changers...................................................... 111,620 14.20 29,530 13.41 Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............................ 2,959,670 22.30 46,380 20.68 Control and valve installers and repairers........................................ 74,400 25.70 53,460 23.89 Mechanical door repairers........................................................ 22,670 20.84 43,350 19.71 Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door............... 51,730 27.83 57,890 26.96 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers............. 324,310 24.12 50,160 22.89 Home appliance repairers.......................................................... 31,130 19.72 41,020 18.88 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers................ 487,640 25.64 53,330 24.82 Industrial machinery mechanics................................................... 362,440 25.96 54,000 25.16 Maintenance workers, machinery................................................... 80,270 23.42 48,720 22.63 Millwrights...................................................................... 43,810 27.04 56,250 26.47 Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons............................... 1,120 25.24 52,510 25.09 Line installers and repairers..................................................... 233,010 31.03 64,540 31.67 Electrical power-line installers and repairers................................... 114,800 33.77 70,240 34.09 Telecommunications line installers and repairers................................. 118,200 28.36 59,000 28.02 Precision instrument and equipment repairers...................................... 72,010 24.58 51,120 23.13 Camera and photographic equipment repairers...................................... 3,690 20.45 42,540 19.53 Medical equipment repairers...................................................... 46,320 25.34 52,710 23.66 Musical instrument repairers and tuners.......................................... 8,450 18.81 39,110 17.47 Watch repairers.................................................................. 2,610 21.55 44,830 19.19 Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other.......................... 10,930 27.91 58,060 27.70 Maintenance and repair workers, general........................................... 1,384,240 19.72 41,020 18.42 Wind turbine service technicians.................................................. 5,580 27.88 58,000 26.14 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....................... 347,350 19.25 40,040 17.39 Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers..................... 32,920 17.49 36,390 16.61 Commercial divers................................................................ 3,380 28.59 59,470 23.63 Fabric menders, except garment................................................... 400 16.13 33,550 14.77 Locksmiths and safe repairers.................................................... 16,970 21.03 43,740 19.93 Manufactured building and mobile home installers................................. 2,920 15.82 32,910 15.40 Riggers.......................................................................... 20,970 24.68 51,330 24.22 Signal and track switch repairers................................................ 7,730 32.60 67,800 33.89 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers........................... 105,040 15.09 31,390 14.16 Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other......................... 157,030 20.70 43,050 18.90 Production occupations 9,115,530 18.84 39,190 16.86 Supervisors of production workers.................................................. 622,790 30.93 64,340 29.05 First-line supervisors of production and operating workers........................ 622,790 30.93 64,340 29.05 Assemblers and fabricators......................................................... 1,831,200 17.14 35,650 15.78 Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers..................... 43,150 26.70 55,530 25.64 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......................... 287,630 17.26 35,910 16.20 Coil winders, tapers, and finishers.............................................. 12,190 17.60 36,610 16.54 Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers........................................................... 275,450 17.25 35,880 16.18 Engine and other machine assemblers............................................... 48,200 21.79 45,330 21.34 Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................................... 76,090 20.02 41,640 18.89 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................................... 1,376,130 16.49 34,300 15.19 Fiberglass laminators and fabricators............................................ 21,190 17.39 36,170 16.59 Timing device assemblers and adjusters........................................... 780 18.01 37,460 16.66 Assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers................. 1,354,150 16.48 34,270 15.16 Food processing workers............................................................ 801,770 14.46 30,090 13.58 Bakers............................................................................ 180,010 13.78 28,660 12.75 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..................... 365,660 14.38 29,910 13.69 Butchers and meat cutters........................................................ 133,670 15.97 33,210 15.18 Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers..................................... 156,440 13.36 27,790 12.96 Slaughterers and meat packers.................................................... 75,550 13.68 28,450 13.59 Miscellaneous food processing workers............................................. 256,100 15.07 31,340 13.99 Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders...... 21,060 15.74 32,730 14.83 Food batchmakers................................................................. 160,160 15.43 32,090 14.29 Food cooking machine operators and tenders....................................... 32,260 15.23 31,690 14.48 Food processing workers, all other............................................... 42,620 13.26 27,590 12.44 Metal workers and plastic workers.................................................. 1,940,370 19.94 41,480 18.70 Computer control programmers and operators........................................ 171,920 21.13 43,940 19.95 Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic.................... 148,150 20.17 41,960 19.26 Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic...... 23,770 27.07 56,300 25.57 Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................ 120,630 18.35 38,170 17.52 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic. 75,610 17.61 36,620 16.90 Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............... 18,330 19.60 40,770 18.70 Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............... 26,700 19.61 40,790 18.58 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........... 318,860 18.00 37,450 17.05 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................................................... 186,640 17.40 36,180 16.57 Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................................................... 11,400 19.95 41,490 18.28 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 71,870 17.64 36,690 16.76 Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................................................... 29,510 19.76 41,090 18.84 Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic... 19,440 21.39 44,490 20.95 Machinists........................................................................ 384,350 21.75 45,250 20.97 Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters............................ 25,520 19.79 41,160 19.18 Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders..................................... 17,670 20.10 41,810 19.82 Pourers and casters, metal....................................................... 7,850 19.07 39,670 18.14 Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic................................. 8,090 25.69 53,430 24.88 Model makers, metal and plastic.................................................. 5,210 27.36 56,920 26.98 Patternmakers, metal and plastic................................................. 2,880 22.66 47,130 22.04 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.... 179,710 16.44 34,200 15.30 Foundry mold and coremakers...................................................... 15,600 17.70 36,820 17.04 Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................................................... 164,110 16.32 33,950 15.13 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......... 133,840 18.03 37,510 17.01 Tool and die makers............................................................... 72,700 25.79 53,650 25.36 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................................... 424,270 21.12 43,930 19.71 Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers......................................... 389,190 21.33 44,360 19.89 Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders.......... 35,080 18.83 39,160 18.11 Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers................................... 100,470 18.24 37,940 17.14 Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....... 19,690 18.77 39,050 18.04 Layout workers, metal and plastic................................................ 8,170 22.78 47,380 23.03 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic... 40,070 16.74 34,830 15.58 Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners............................................ 7,070 19.66 40,890 18.34 Metal workers and plastic workers, all other..................................... 25,470 18.34 38,140 17.27 Printing workers................................................................... 249,140 18.39 38,260 17.36 Printing workers.................................................................. 249,140 18.39 38,260 17.36 Prepress technicians and workers................................................. 29,990 20.31 42,240 19.43 Printing press operators......................................................... 173,470 18.49 38,470 17.41 Print binding and finishing workers.............................................. 45,690 16.76 34,850 15.81 Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers.......................................... 574,130 13.31 27,690 12.11 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................................. 213,350 11.77 24,480 11.16 Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials................................. 38,320 11.57 24,060 11.23 Sewing machine operators.......................................................... 136,450 12.98 26,990 12.03 Shoe and leather workers.......................................................... 12,450 14.37 29,900 14.09 Shoe and leather workers and repairers........................................... 8,640 14.33 29,800 13.87 Shoe machine operators and tenders............................................... 3,810 14.47 30,110 14.63 Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers.................................................. 26,500 16.04 33,350 14.59 Sewers, hand..................................................................... 5,350 14.19 29,510 13.78 Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers.......................................... 21,150 16.50 34,330 14.90 Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................................... 75,490 14.37 29,880 13.88 Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders....................... 9,330 14.39 29,930 13.84 Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................... 13,310 14.16 29,440 13.57 Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 21,190 14.65 30,470 14.02 Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders......................................................................... 31,650 14.26 29,660 13.90 Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........................... 71,570 17.18 35,740 15.99 Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers.................................................................... 18,130 17.07 35,500 16.44 Fabric and apparel patternmakers................................................. 5,220 23.65 49,180 19.50 Upholsterers..................................................................... 32,870 17.27 35,920 16.58 Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other............................. 15,360 14.94 31,070 13.34 Woodworkers........................................................................ 257,840 16.19 33,680 15.19 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................................ 102,100 17.59 36,580 16.70 Furniture finishers............................................................... 17,250 16.27 33,850 15.36 Model makers and patternmakers, wood.............................................. 1,280 26.70 55,540 27.07 Model makers, wood............................................................... 740 25.29 52,590 25.53 Patternmakers, wood.............................................................. 530 28.68 59,650 29.30 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............................... 131,240 14.98 31,150 14.25 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............................. 52,260 15.00 31,200 14.18 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing............... 78,980 14.96 31,110 14.29 Woodworkers, all other............................................................ 5,970 16.60 34,530 14.98 Plant and system operators......................................................... 301,200 29.72 61,820 28.42 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............................. 51,820 39.31 81,760 39.92 Nuclear power reactor operators.................................................. 6,280 45.82 95,310 45.36 Power distributors and dispatchers............................................... 11,620 41.03 85,340 41.54 Power plant operators............................................................ 33,920 37.51 78,030 38.27 Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................................... 31,710 30.62 63,690 29.06 Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators......................... 123,650 23.79 49,490 22.49 Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................................... 94,010 31.94 66,430 31.85 Chemical plant and system operators.............................................. 28,190 29.60 61,570 29.84 Gas plant operators.............................................................. 14,620 34.36 71,470 34.17 Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers................. 38,930 33.96 70,630 34.07 Plant and system operators, all other............................................ 12,270 28.03 58,300 27.45 Other production occupations....................................................... 2,537,090 17.92 37,270 16.35 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....................... 132,660 23.30 48,470 21.97 Chemical equipment operators and tenders......................................... 82,880 24.55 51,070 23.45 Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................................................... 49,770 21.22 44,140 19.62 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....................... 190,770 18.25 37,960 17.25 Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders........ 31,890 18.30 38,060 17.50 Grinding and polishing workers, hand............................................. 30,280 15.34 31,900 14.21 Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 128,600 18.92 39,360 17.89 Cutting workers................................................................... 71,420 16.87 35,090 16.26 Cutters and trimmers, hand....................................................... 10,580 15.19 31,600 14.13 Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 60,840 17.16 35,700 16.64 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................................................................... 72,870 17.69 36,800 16.89 Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders...................... 17,730 19.52 40,610 18.83 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............................. 557,510 20.20 42,010 18.39 Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers..................................... 25,910 20.95 43,570 18.96 Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians............................ 77,110 19.15 39,840 17.64 Dental laboratory technicians.................................................... 34,480 20.76 43,180 19.44 Medical appliance technicians.................................................... 14,670 20.28 42,180 18.84 Ophthalmic laboratory technicians................................................ 27,960 16.58 34,490 15.30 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............................... 395,330 15.74 32,740 14.50 Painting workers.................................................................. 156,470 19.16 39,850 17.70 Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.......... 88,560 17.55 36,510 16.73 Painters, transportation equipment............................................... 55,710 22.34 46,460 20.33 Painting, coating, and decorating workers........................................ 12,200 16.33 33,960 14.93 Semiconductor processors.......................................................... 25,730 19.14 39,810 17.92 Photographic process workers and processing machine operators..................... 16,680 16.78 34,910 14.03 Miscellaneous production workers.................................................. 796,900 16.02 33,320 14.53 Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders................................... 16,310 17.23 35,850 16.26 Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders............ 17,630 15.91 33,090 14.80 Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders............................. 8,820 16.60 34,520 15.58 Etchers and engravers............................................................ 8,600 16.61 34,550 15.06 Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic.......................... 42,500 16.92 35,190 16.03 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................. 97,960 19.38 40,320 18.62 Tire builders.................................................................... 23,920 21.89 45,530 22.42 Helpers--production workers...................................................... 350,410 14.12 29,380 13.33 Production workers, all other.................................................... 230,760 16.58 34,490 14.50 Transportation and material moving occupations 10,244,260 18.41 38,290 15.74 Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers.......................... 419,980 27.92 58,070 26.67 Aircraft cargo handling supervisors............................................... 8,920 26.49 55,110 23.37 First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors.............................................. 411,060 27.95 58,140 26.73 Air transportation workers......................................................... 271,890 (²) 101,910 (²) Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................................. 120,760 (²) 146,660 (²) Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers................................... 82,890 (²) 169,560 (²) Commercial pilots................................................................ 37,870 (²) 96,530 (²) Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists....................... 32,360 48.61 101,100 46.11 Air traffic controllers.......................................................... 22,390 58.09 120,830 59.87 Airfield operations specialists.................................................. 9,960 27.29 56,760 25.10 Flight attendants................................................................. 118,770 (²) 56,630 (²) Motor vehicle operators............................................................ 4,088,870 18.94 39,400 17.85 Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians............ 15,380 13.95 29,010 12.38 Bus drivers....................................................................... 678,260 17.44 36,280 16.56 Bus drivers, transit and intercity............................................... 174,110 21.47 44,650 20.23 Bus drivers, school or special client............................................ 504,150 16.05 33,390 15.58 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................................ 3,130,500 19.68 40,920 18.66 Driver/sales workers............................................................. 414,860 14.24 29,610 11.88 Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers.......................................... 1,800,330 21.91 45,570 21.00 Light truck or delivery services drivers......................................... 915,310 17.75 36,920 15.78 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................................... 207,920 13.68 28,450 12.49 Motor vehicle operators, all other................................................ 56,810 17.14 35,640 14.60 Rail transportation workers........................................................ 109,460 30.95 64,380 29.69 Locomotive engineers and operators................................................ 41,090 31.37 65,240 29.41 Locomotive engineers............................................................. 34,850 32.17 66,920 29.86 Locomotive firers................................................................ 560 33.19 69,030 30.69 Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.............................. 5,690 26.27 54,640 25.30 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators...................................... 14,270 28.31 58,890 27.53 Railroad conductors and yardmasters............................................... 42,360 31.77 66,080 30.26 Subway and streetcar operators.................................................... 8,850 30.28 62,970 32.78 Rail transportation workers, all other............................................ 2,890 28.12 58,490 26.64 Water transportation workers....................................................... 79,860 31.75 66,040 26.16 Sailors and marine oilers......................................................... 32,220 22.20 46,180 19.66 Ship and boat captains and operators.............................................. 38,910 38.61 80,310 32.40 Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels..................................... 36,390 39.61 82,380 33.26 Motorboat operators.............................................................. 2,510 24.21 50,350 24.18 Ship engineers.................................................................... 8,740 36.40 75,710 34.20 Other transportation workers....................................................... 363,130 15.61 32,460 12.23 Bridge and lock tenders........................................................... 3,170 22.91 47,660 24.19 Parking lot attendants............................................................ 145,900 12.08 25,130 11.47 Automotive and watercraft service attendants...................................... 113,760 12.47 25,940 11.64 Traffic technicians............................................................... 7,290 24.38 50,700 22.39 Transportation inspectors......................................................... 29,990 36.22 75,330 35.47 Transportation attendants, except flight attendants............................... 25,460 14.73 30,640 12.87 Transportation workers, all other................................................. 37,560 20.61 42,870 18.03 Material moving workers............................................................ 4,911,060 15.17 31,560 13.74 Conveyor operators and tenders.................................................... 23,390 16.88 35,110 15.86 Crane and tower operators......................................................... 44,410 27.96 58,160 26.03 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................................. 49,780 23.46 48,790 21.44 Dredge operators................................................................. 1,190 22.84 47,500 21.76 Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators............................ 46,090 23.40 48,680 21.28 Loading machine operators, underground mining.................................... 2,500 24.73 51,450 24.60 Hoist and winch operators......................................................... 3,180 27.11 56,390 21.87 Industrial truck and tractor operators............................................ 604,130 17.54 36,480 16.71 Laborers and material movers, hand................................................ 4,002,390 14.32 29,790 13.02 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment............................................... 378,850 12.93 26,900 11.79 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand........................... 2,893,180 14.85 30,890 13.59 Machine feeders and offbearers................................................... 66,380 15.24 31,710 14.21 Packers and packagers, hand...................................................... 663,970 12.74 26,490 11.82 Pumping station operators......................................................... 27,560 25.24 52,510 24.47 Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators................................. 3,460 30.24 62,900 31.35 Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers.......................................... 10,820 22.84 47,510 21.34 Wellhead pumpers................................................................. 13,280 25.90 53,870 25.72 Refuse and recyclable material collectors......................................... 118,520 19.50 40,560 17.92 Mine shuttle car operators........................................................ 1,690 26.99 56,150 27.09 Tank car, truck, and ship loaders................................................. 9,000 20.35 42,330 18.38 Material moving workers, all other................................................ 27,010 16.83 35,000 14.14 (1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (²) Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries depending on how they are typically paid. (³) Represents a wage equal to or greater than $100.00 per hour.