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Economic News Release
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OEWS OEWS Program Links

Occupational Employment and Wages News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 30, 2018                          USDL-18-0486

Technical information: (202) 691-6569  *  oesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/oes
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                   OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES -- MAY 2017


Production occupations had employment of 9 million in May 2017, representing 6.3 percent
of total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The
largest production occupation was assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team
assemblers (1.3 million) and the highest paying production occupation was nuclear power
reactor operators ($94,350). The annual mean wage across all production occupations was
$38,070, compared with the U.S. average wage of $50,620. (See table 1.)

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program provides employment and wage
estimates for over 800 occupations in the nation, states, and 600 areas. National
data are available by industry for approximately 415 industry classifications and by
ownership across all industries, schools, and hospitals. This news release features
production, healthcare, and construction and extraction occupations, in addition to
STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) occupations and employment
and wages by typical entry-level educational requirement. National employment and wage
information for all occupations is shown in table 1.

      _____________________________________________________________________
     |                                                                     |
     |    Changes to the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data     |
     |                                                                     |
     |  With the release of the May 2017 estimates, the OES program has    |
     |  introduced several new occupational and industry aggregations.     |
     |                                                                     |
     |  The May 2017 OES estimates are the first to be produced using the  |
     |  2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).        |
     |                                                                     |
     |  See the box notes at the end of this news release for more         |
     |  information on current and upcoming changes to the OES data.       |
     |_____________________________________________________________________|
                                                                       

Highlights from the May 2017 OES data:

Production occupations

   --The largest production occupations also included first-line supervisors of
     production and operating workers (611,800) and inspectors, testers, sorters,
     samplers, and weighers (537,500).

   --Other than nuclear power reactor operators, the highest paying production
     occupations were power distributors and dispatchers ($82,310) and power plant
     operators ($75,970).

   --The lowest paying production occupations were pressers, textile, garment,
     and related materials ($23,080) and laundry and dry-cleaning workers
     ($23,770). (See table 1.)

   --The state with the highest share of production occupations employment was
     Indiana (12 percent), nearly twice the national employment share.

   --Metropolitan areas with the highest shares of production occupation
     employment included Elkhart-Goshen, Ind. (36 percent); Dalton, Ga.
     (26 percent); and Columbus, Ind. (25 percent).
   
   --Pay for production occupations in manufacturing industries varied widely.
     Industries with the highest wages were petroleum and coal products
     manufacturing ($63,620) and aerospace product and parts manufacturing
     ($54,040).

   --Manufacturing industries with the lowest wages for production occupations
     included seafood product preparation and packaging ($27,710) and several
     apparel, textile, and leather products industries.

   --Assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers earned
     an annual mean wage of $33,180 across all industries. Motor vehicle
     manufacturing ($46,510) was the highest paying manufacturing industry for
     this occupation.

OES data by state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm,
respectively.

OES national industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.

Healthcare occupations

   --Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations had employment of 8.5 
     million, and healthcare support occupations had employment of 4.1 million.
     Both healthcare occupational groups combined made up nearly 9 percent of
     U.S. employment. (See table 1.)

   --Registered nurses, with 2.9 million jobs, was the largest healthcare
     occupation. (See table 1.) Most registered nurses worked in the general
     medical and surgical hospitals industry (1,685,820).

   --Other than registered nurses, the largest healthcare occupations were
     nursing assistants (1.5 million), home health aides (820,960), and
     licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses (702,700).
     (See table 1.)

   --Many of the highest paying occupations were healthcare occupations,
     including several physician and dentist occupations and nurse
     anesthetists ($169,450). (See table 1.)

   --The lowest paying healthcare occupations were home health aides
     ($24,280), veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers
     ($27,570), and physical therapist aides ($27,910). (See table 1.)

   --Annual mean wages for healthcare practitioners and technical occupations,
     the larger of the two healthcare occupational groups, varied by state
     from $64,620 in Mississippi to $98,020 in Alaska, compared with $80,760
     nationally.

   --Several areas in California, including San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara
     ($115,280), were among the highest paying metropolitan areas for
     healthcare practitioners and technical occupations.

   --The lowest paying areas for this occupational group included Lake
     Charles, La. ($57,580), and Morristown, Tenn. ($57,670).

Construction and extraction occupations

   --Construction and extraction occupations had total employment of 5.7 million
     and an annual mean wage of $49,930 across all industries. (See table 1.)

   --The largest construction and extraction occupations were construction
     laborers (962,060), carpenters (693,050), and electricians (631,080).
     (See table 1.)

   --The highest paying construction and extraction occupations were elevator
     installers and repairers ($77,130) and first-line supervisors of construction
     trades and extraction workers ($69,200). (See table 1.)

   --The lowest paying construction and extraction occupations included helpers
     of roofers ($29,710) and helpers of painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and
     stucco masons ($30,570).

   --By industry, specialty trade contractors (2.8 million) accounted for almost
     half of employment in construction and extraction occupations. An additional
     26 percent of employment was in construction of buildings (915,340) and
     heavy and civil engineering construction (574,960). Local government
     (330,490) was the industry with the highest employment of construction
     and extraction occupations outside of the construction sector.

   --States with the highest percentage of construction and extraction occupations
     were Wyoming (10 percent) and North Dakota (8 percent), compared with 4 
     percent of national employment.

   --Metropolitan areas with the highest concentrations of construction and
     extraction occupations included Lake Charles, La. (17 percent); Odessa,
     Texas (13 percent); and Farmington, N.M., and Greeley, Colo. (11 percent
     each).

   --Annual mean wages for construction and extraction occupations varied by
     state from $37,660 in Arkansas to $67,450 in Hawaii.

   --Urban Honolulu, Hawaii ($68,800), and Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, Ill.-Ind.-
     Wis. ($68,770), were among the highest paying areas for construction and
     extraction occupations. The lowest paying areas for this occupational
     group included Brownsville-Harlingen, Texas ($31,820), and Sebring, Fla.
     ($32,520).

Typical entry-level education

   --Occupations that typically require postsecondary education for entry made
     up 37 percent of employment. The largest postsecondary category, occupations
     that typically require a bachelor's degree for entry, made up 21.5 percent
     of employment. This educational category includes registered nurses, teachers
     at the kindergarten through secondary levels, and many management, business
     and financial operations, computer, and engineering occupations.

   --Occupations that typically require a high school diploma or the equivalent
     for entry made up 39 percent of employment, and occupations that require no
     formal educational credential for entry made up 24 percent of employment.
     These two educational categories include most production and construction
     occupations, as well as large occupations such as retail salespersons,
     cashiers, and general office clerks.

   --The share of employment in occupations typically requiring an associate's
     degree for entry ranged from 1.8 percent of employment in Nevada to 2.9
     percent in Vermont, compared with 2.3 percent of national employment.

   --Average wages were generally higher for occupations that require more
     education. Annual mean wages were $26,910 for occupations that typically
     require no formal educational credential for entry, $41,920 for occupations
     typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent, $56,140 for
     occupations typically requiring an associate's degree, and $85,450 for
     occupations typically requiring a bachelor's degree.

   --The highest paying occupations that typically require less than a bachelor's
     degree for entry included air traffic controllers ($120,260), which typically
     require an associate's degree for entry; and transportation, storage, and
     distribution managers ($100,740) and nuclear power reactor operators
     ($94,350), both of which typically require a high school diploma or the
     equivalent.

   --The annual mean wage for occupations that typically require an associate's
     degree for entry varied from $45,310 in South Dakota to $73,500 in the
     District of Columbia.

   --The highest paying metropolitan areas for occupations that typically require
     an associate's degree for entry included California-Lexington Park, Md.
     ($77,450), and San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, Calif. ($72,070). The lowest
     paying metropolitan areas for this educational category included Valdosta,
     Ga. ($43,100), and Johnstown, Pa. ($43,560).

Data on employment by the typical education level required to enter an occupation
are based on education and training categories from the BLS Employment Projections
program. Education and training levels assigned to each occupation are available
at www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_112.htm. Additional charts are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2017.htm.

STEM occupations

   --There were nearly 8.9 million science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
     (STEM) jobs representing 6.2 percent of total U.S. employment.

   --Seven of the 10 largest STEM occupations were related to computers and included
     applications software developers (849,230) and computer user support specialists
     (613,780). (See table 1.)

   --Areas with the highest employment shares of STEM occupations were California-
     Lexington Park, Md. (26.2 percent), and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Calif.
     (20.5 percent).

   --Areas with the lowest employment shares of STEM occupations included Gadsden,
     Ala., and Ocean City, N.J. (approximately 1 percent of employment each).

   --STEM occupations had an annual mean wage of $91,310, compared with $47,890 for
     non-STEM occupations. Ninety-two of the 99 STEM occupations had mean wages
     significantly above the all-occupations average of $50,620. (See table 1.)

   --The highest paying STEM occupations were petroleum engineers ($154,780) and
     the 3 STEM-related management occupations. (See table 1.)

   --The lowest paying STEM occupations were forest and conservation technicians
     ($39,180) and agricultural and food science technicians ($42,910). (See
     table 1.)

A list of occupations included in the STEM definition used for this release is
available at www.bls.gov/oes/stem_list_2017.xlsx. Additional STEM charts are
available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2017.htm.

Largest occupations

   --The largest occupations overall were retail salespersons (4.4 million),
     combined food preparation and serving workers (3.6 million), and cashiers
     (3.6 million). The next largest occupations nationally were general office
     clerks (3.0 million), registered nurses (2.9 million), and customer service
     representatives (2.8 million). (See table 1.)

   --Retail salespersons was the largest occupation in 29 of the 50 states.

   --Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average wages. Retail
     salespersons ($27,460), combined food preparation and serving workers
     ($21,230), and cashiers ($22,130) had annual mean wages significantly below
     the all-occupations average of $50,620. (See table 1.) 

   --Registered nurses ($73,550) and general and operations managers ($123,460)
     were the largest occupations with above-average wages. (See table 1.)

Public sector occupations

   --The public sector made up 15 percent of employment and had a different
     occupational mix from the private sector.

   --Many of the largest public sector occupations were related to education,
     including elementary school teachers, except special education (public 
     sector employment of 1.3 million); teacher assistants (1.0 million); and
     secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education 
     (908,480).

   --Police and sheriff's patrol officers (656,000), general office clerks
     (553,830), and registered nurses (475,810) also were among the occupations
     with the highest public sector employment.

OES data by ownership are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.

  _________________________________________________________________________________
 |                                                                                 |
 |      Notes on the May 2017 Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data        |
 |                                                                                 |
 |  With the release of the May 2017 estimates, the OES program has replaced 21    |
 |  detailed occupations found in the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification    |
 |  (SOC) with 10 new aggregations of those occupations. In addition, selected     |
 |  4- and 5-digit North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)           |
 |  industries previously published by OES will no longer be published separately. |
 |  Some of the 4-digit NAICS industries that are no longer being published        |
 |  separately will instead be published as OES-specific industry aggregations.    |
 |  More information about the new occupational and industry aggregations is       |
 |  available at www.bls.gov/oes/changes_2017.htm.                                 |
 |                                                                                 |
 |  The May 2017 estimates include for the first time some establishments that     |
 |  were previously classified in private households. Beginning in May 2013, the   |
 |  Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), from which the OES sample is  |
 |  drawn, began coding some establishments that were historically found in NAICS  |
 |  814110 (Private Households) to NAICS 624120 (Services for the Elderly and      |
 |  Persons with Disabilities). The establishments that changed NAICS codes caused |
 |  a scope increase for OES because NAICS 814110 is out of scope and NAICS 624120 |
 |  is in scope for OES. These newly in-scope units were removed from the survey   |
 |  data and not used for the May 2015 and May 2016 estimates. Now that OES has    |
 |  six survey panels collected under the new scope, these newly in-scope units    |
 |  are included in the May 2017 estimates, aligning the scope of the OES          |
 |  estimates for NAICS 624120 with that of the QCEW frame.                        |
 |                                                                                 |
 |  The May 2017 OES estimates are the first to be produced using the 2017 NAICS.  |
 |  Information about the 2017 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.    |
 |_________________________________________________________________________________|


  _________________________________________________________________________________
 |                                                                                 |
 | Upcoming Changes to the May 2018 Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data  | 
 |                                                                                 |
 |  OES will no longer publish data for metropolitan divisions and will publish    |
 |  data for fewer nonmetropolitan areas beginning with the May 2018 estimates,    |
 |  to be released in March or April of 2019. For the 11 large metropolitan        |
 |  statistical areas (MSAs) that are broken down into metropolitan divisions,     |
 |  OES will publish data at the MSA level only. In addition, the number of        |
 |  nonmetropolitan areas will be reduced in some states. OES will continue to     |
 |  cover the entire geography of each state, but some areas will no longer be     |
 |  at the same level of detail.                                                   |
 |_________________________________________________________________________________|




Technical Note

Scope of the survey

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual survey measuring
occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm
establishments in the United States. The OES data available from BLS include cross-
industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 650 areas,
including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs),
metropolitan divisions, nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-
specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-, 4-, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry
levels; and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and
hospitals.

The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies
(SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while
the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are constructed
from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of
approximately 200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the
other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, Internet or other electronic means,
email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2017 estimates are based on responses
from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2017, November 2016,
May 2016, November 2015, May 2015, and November 2014. The overall national response
rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 72
percent based on establishments and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment.
The unweighted sampled employment of 82 million across all six semiannual panels
represents approximately 58 percent of total national employment. 

The occupational coding system

The OES survey categorizes workers into 810 detailed occupations based on the Office
of Management and Budget's 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system.
Together, these detailed occupations make up 22 of the 23 SOC major occupational
groups. Major group 55, Military Specific Occupations, is not included.

For more information about the SOC system, please see the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/soc/.

The industry coding system

The May 2017 OES estimates use the 2017 North American Industry Classification
System (NAICS). For more information about NAICS, see the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

The OES survey excludes the majority of the agricultural sector, with the exception
of logging (NAICS 113310), support activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and
support activities for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private households (NAICS 814)
also are excluded. OES federal government data include the U.S. Postal Service and
the federal executive branch only. All other industries, including state and local
government, are covered by the survey.

Survey sample

The OES survey draws its sample from state unemployment insurance (UI) files.
Supplemental sources are used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because
they do not report to the UI program. The OES survey sample is stratified by
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area, industry, and size.

To provide the most occupational coverage, larger employers are more likely to be
selected than smaller employers. A census is taken of the executive branch of the
federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and state government.

Concepts

Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary employment in an
occupation. The OES survey defines employment as the number of workers who can be
classified as full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations or
other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers,
executives, and staff members of incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned
to other units; and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty
station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck. The survey does
not include the self-employed, owners and partners in unincorporated firms, household
workers, or unpaid family workers.

Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of premium pay. Base
rate; cost-of-living allowances; guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay,
including commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included. Excluded are
overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses, employer
cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition reimbursements.

OES receives wage rate data for the federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and
most state governments. For the remaining establishments, the OES survey data are
placed into 12 intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the
corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated
by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of 2,080 hours. The
responding establishments are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time
workers, and to report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an
annual rate but do not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, pilots, and
flight attendants. Other workers, such as some entertainment workers, are paid
hourly rates, but generally do not work 40 hours per week, year round. For these
workers, only an hourly wage is reported.

Estimation methodology

The OES survey is designed to produce estimates by combining six panels of data
collected over a 3-year period. Each OES panel includes approximately 200,000
establishments. The full six-panel sample of nearly 1.2 million establishments
allows the production of estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry, and
occupation.

Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are obtained by combining
six panels of data, particularly for small geographic areas and occupations. Wages
for the current panel need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels
need to be updated to the current panel's reference period.

The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index (ECI) to adjust survey data from
prior panels before combining them with the current panel's data. The wage updating
procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage rate, as measured in the earlier
panel, according to the average movement of its broader occupational division.

Imputation. Some establishments do not respond for a given panel. For most employers,
a "nearest neighbor" hot deck imputation procedure is used to impute missing
occupational employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute
missing wage distributions. In some cases, data for current panel nonrespondents
are available from earlier panels. In those cases, the older data may be used and
aged to represent the current reference period.

Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments are weighted to represent all
establishments for the reference period. Weights are further adjusted by the ratio of
employment totals (the average of November 2016 and May 2017 employment) from the BLS
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages to employment totals from the OES survey.

Changes to the May 2017 estimates

The May 2017 OES estimates are the first to be based on the 2017 North American 
Industry Classification System, which replaces the 2012 NAICS used in the May 2012-
May 2016 estimates. All six panels used in the May 2017 estimates were collected
using the 2012 NAICS; these data were mapped to the 2017 NAICS codes.

Beginning with the May 2017 estimates, OES has replaced 21 detailed occupations with
10 aggregations of those occupations. In most cases, occupations were aggregated to
the SOC broad occupation level. The remaining aggregations do not correspond to SOC
broad occupations and use OES-specific codes and titles. The purpose of these
aggregations is to achieve more robust estimates by combining similar occupations
for which the survey does not have the information needed to distinguish between
occupations for accurate coding.

In addition, some 4- and 5-digit NAICS industries that OES previously published are
no longer published separately. Some of these industries are now published at their
standard 3- and 4-digit NAICS levels, respectively. Others are published as OES-
specific industry aggregations. The new industry aggregations will improve sampling
efficiency by combining industries with similar staffing patterns.

For more information about the new aggregations, see www.bls.gov/oes/changes_2017.htm.

The May 2017 estimates include additional establishments in the services for the
elderly and persons with disabilities industry (NAICS 624120). In May 2013, the
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program, from which the OES sample is
drawn, began coding some establishments that were historically found in private
households (NAICS 814110) to services for the elderly and persons with disabilities
(NAICS 624120). Private households are out of scope for OES, so this shift caused a
scope increase for OES in NAICS 624120. These newly in-scope units were removed from
the survey data and not used for the May 2015 and May 2016 estimates. OES now has
six panels of survey data collected under the new scope, so the May 2017 estimates
include the full set of establishments from the expanded scope of NAICS 624120 for
the first time.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey
is available in the Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website
at www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf.




Table 1.  National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2017
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                          Median
                                     Occupation                                         Employment        Mean wages      hourly
                                                                                                     Hourly    Annual(1)   wages
                                                                                                                                
All occupations                                                                        142,549,250   $24.34    $50,620    $18.12
                                                                                                                                
Management occupations                                                                   7,280,330    57.65    119,910     49.32
   Top executives.....................................................................   2,473,740    61.55    128,020     49.58
    Chief executives..................................................................     210,160    94.25    196,050     88.11
    General and operations managers...................................................   2,212,200    59.35    123,460     48.27
    Legislators.......................................................................      51,380     (²)      46,350      (²)
   Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers...........     685,780    66.66    138,650     59.19
    Advertising and promotions managers...............................................      28,100    59.56    123,880     51.03
    Marketing and sales managers......................................................     590,380    67.60    140,600     60.24
     Marketing managers...............................................................     218,970    70.01    145,620     63.57
     Sales managers...................................................................     371,410    66.18    137,650     58.20
    Public relations and fundraising managers.........................................      67,300    61.39    127,690     53.50
   Operations specialties managers....................................................   1,752,130    62.24    129,450     55.62
    Administrative services managers..................................................     270,100    49.70    103,380     45.20
    Computer and information systems managers.........................................     365,690    71.99    149,730     66.93
    Financial managers................................................................     569,380    69.01    143,530     60.14
    Industrial production managers....................................................     171,520    53.16    110,580     48.36
    Purchasing managers...............................................................      70,430    58.56    121,810     55.65
    Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................................     118,680    48.43    100,740     44.45
    Compensation and benefits managers................................................      15,520    62.50    130,010     57.27
    Human resources managers..........................................................     136,310    59.38    123,510     52.94
    Training and development managers.................................................      34,500    56.58    117,690     52.05
   Other management occupations.......................................................   2,368,680    47.57     98,940     42.65
    Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers................................       4,610    38.62     80,320     33.47
    Construction managers.............................................................     263,480    48.56    101,000     43.93
    Education administrators..........................................................     477,750    45.80     95,270     42.74
     Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program.................      49,130    25.74     53,550     22.54
     Education administrators, elementary and secondary school........................     250,280     (²)      97,440      (²)	
     Education administrators, postsecondary..........................................     142,160    51.77    107,670     44.41
     Education administrators, all other..............................................      36,190    42.42     88,240     39.25
    Architectural and engineering managers............................................     179,990    70.33    146,290     66.21
    Food service managers.............................................................     208,110    27.52     57,250     25.02
    Funeral service managers..........................................................       8,350    44.76     93,090     37.52
    Gaming managers...................................................................       4,420    40.12     83,460     35.06
    Lodging managers..................................................................      36,610    28.67     59,620     24.90
    Medical and health services managers..............................................     346,980    53.69    111,680     47.29
    Natural sciences managers.........................................................      56,210    64.26    133,670     57.20
    Postmasters and mail superintendents..............................................      13,960    36.38     75,660     35.98
    Property, real estate, and community association managers.........................     186,720    34.79     72,370     28.21
    Social and community service managers.............................................     141,830    33.91     70,530     30.82
    Emergency management directors....................................................       9,560    39.01     81,140     34.98
    Managers, all other...............................................................     430,120    54.41    113,180     50.77
                                                                                                                                
Business and financial operations occupations                                            7,472,750    36.70     76,330     32.55
   Business operations specialists....................................................   4,811,530    35.14     73,080     31.92
    Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes.................      15,450    43.69     90,870     31.22
    Buyers and purchasing agents......................................................     413,540    32.19     66,960     29.87
    Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........................     298,170    31.85     66,250     31.10
     Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators...................................     282,030    31.89     66,340     31.20
     Insurance appraisers, auto damage................................................      16,150    31.10     64,680     29.86
    Compliance officers...............................................................     287,130    34.39     71,540     32.63
    Cost estimators...................................................................     210,900    32.90     68,420     30.34
    Human resources workers...........................................................     633,250    31.79     66,120     29.12
     Human resources specialists......................................................     553,950    31.84     66,220     29.01
     Farm labor contractors...........................................................         780    23.50     48,890     17.15
     Labor relations specialists......................................................      78,510    31.51     65,540     30.38
    Logisticians......................................................................     159,800    37.86     78,740     35.86
    Management analysts...............................................................     659,200    44.92     93,440     39.64
    Meeting, convention, and event planners...........................................     102,420    25.30     52,630     23.22
    Fundraisers.......................................................................      72,920    28.81     59,930     26.75
    Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists..............................      80,530    32.29     67,160     30.14
    Training and development specialists..............................................     280,340    31.11     64,700     29.02
    Market research analysts and marketing specialists................................     596,450    34.35     71,450     30.40
    Business operations specialists, all other........................................   1,001,420    36.42     75,740     33.66
   Financial specialists..............................................................   2,661,230    39.51     82,190     33.71
    Accountants and auditors..........................................................   1,241,000    37.46     77,920     33.34
    Appraisers and assessors of real estate...........................................      58,880    29.25     60,830     25.97
    Budget analysts...................................................................      54,550    37.83     78,680     36.17
    Credit analysts...................................................................      74,850    39.86     82,900     34.27
    Financial analysts and advisors...................................................     584,940    50.27    104,570     39.79
     Financial analysts...............................................................     294,110    47.80     99,430     40.53
     Personal financial advisors......................................................     200,920    59.68    124,140     43.58
     Insurance underwriters...........................................................      89,910    37.34     77,660     33.54
    Financial examiners...............................................................      52,580    44.12     91,780     39.28
    Credit counselors and loan officers...............................................     343,150    36.03     74,940     29.73
     Credit counselors................................................................      35,900    23.78     49,460     21.50
     Loan officers....................................................................     307,240    37.46     77,920     31.09
    Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents.......................     125,380    25.26     52,530     22.52
     Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents.................................      56,660    28.43     59,140     25.54
     Tax preparers....................................................................      68,720    22.64     47,090     18.62
    Financial specialists, all other..................................................     125,900    36.84     76,630     33.42
                                                                                                                                
Computer and mathematical occupations                                                    4,261,460    43.18     89,810     40.66
   Computer occupations...............................................................   4,094,930    43.16     89,780     40.67
    Computer and information research scientists......................................      27,920    57.49    119,570     55.06
    Computer and information analysts.................................................     687,210    45.10     93,800     42.92
     Computer systems analysts........................................................     581,960    44.59     92,740     42.44
     Information security analysts....................................................     105,250    47.93     99,690     45.92
    Software developers and programmers...............................................   1,617,400    49.27    102,470     47.00
     Computer programmers.............................................................     247,690    42.08     87,530     39.54
     Software developers, applications................................................     849,230    51.30    106,710     48.94
     Software developers, systems software............................................     394,590    53.74    111,780     51.73
     Web developers...................................................................     125,890    35.63     74,110     32.69
    Database and systems administrators and network architects........................     646,570    44.26     92,070     41.87
     Database administrators..........................................................     113,690    42.81     89,050     41.84
     Network and computer systems administrators......................................     375,040    41.51     86,340     38.99
     Computer network architects......................................................     157,830    51.86    107,870     50.31
    Computer support specialists......................................................     800,010    27.53     57,260     25.39
     Computer user support specialists................................................     613,780    26.03     54,150     24.14
     Computer network support specialists.............................................     186,230    32.46     67,510     29.97
    Computer occupations, all other...................................................     315,830    43.79     91,080     42.56
   Mathematical science occupations...................................................     166,530    43.49     90,460     40.41
    Actuaries.........................................................................      19,210    55.21    114,850     48.83
    Mathematicians....................................................................       2,730    50.33    104,700     49.52
    Operations research analysts......................................................     106,050    41.59     86,510     39.13
    Statisticians.....................................................................      36,540    42.78     88,980     40.41
    Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations....................................       2,000    35.42     73,670     27.83
                                                                                                                                
Architecture and engineering occupations                                                 2,516,780    41.44     86,190     38.07
   Architects, surveyors, and cartographers...........................................     177,030    37.97     78,970     34.63
    Architects, except naval..........................................................     122,160    40.82     84,910     36.82
     Architects, except landscape and naval...........................................     103,110    42.07     87,500     37.72
     Landscape architects.............................................................      19,040    34.08     70,880     31.62
    Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists...................................      54,870    31.60     65,740     29.70
     Cartographers and photogrammetrists..............................................      11,440    32.40     67,390     30.76
     Surveyors........................................................................      43,430    31.40     65,300     29.40
   Engineers..........................................................................   1,665,220    47.21     98,190     44.34
    Aerospace engineers...............................................................      65,760    55.43    115,300     54.34
    Agricultural engineers............................................................       1,770    37.49     77,970     35.95
    Biomedical engineers..............................................................      20,100    44.70     92,970     42.33
    Chemical engineers................................................................      33,500    54.05    112,430     49.12
    Civil engineers...................................................................     298,910    44.13     91,790     40.75
    Computer hardware engineers.......................................................      66,770    57.52    119,650     55.35
    Electrical and electronics engineers..............................................     318,300    49.34    102,620     47.10
     Electrical engineers.............................................................     183,370    47.87     99,580     45.70
     Electronics engineers, except computer...........................................     134,930    51.33    106,760     49.13
    Environmental engineers...........................................................      52,640    43.83     91,180     41.73
    Industrial engineers, including health and safety.................................     291,660    43.51     90,500     41.39
     Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors.......      26,130    44.32     92,190     42.55
     Industrial engineers.............................................................     265,520    43.43     90,340     41.29
    Marine engineers and naval architects.............................................      10,960    46.59     96,910     43.74
    Materials engineers...............................................................      27,200    47.41     98,610     45.48
    Mechanical engineers..............................................................     291,290    43.99     91,500     41.29
    Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers................       6,150    49.86    103,710     45.31
    Nuclear engineers.................................................................      16,700    52.36    108,910     50.87
    Petroleum engineers...............................................................      32,010    74.41    154,780     63.60
    Engineers, all other..............................................................     131,500    47.74     99,310     46.75
   Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians.........................     674,540    28.10     58,450     26.83
    Drafters..........................................................................     195,510    27.44     57,080     26.04
     Architectural and civil drafters.................................................      95,960    26.50     55,110     25.42
     Electrical and electronics drafters..............................................      26,060    30.64     63,720     28.70
     Mechanical drafters..............................................................      58,190    27.96     58,150     26.50
     Drafters, all other..............................................................      15,300    25.96     53,990     24.18
    Engineering technicians, except drafters..........................................     427,140    29.11     60,550     27.97
     Aerospace engineering and operations technicians.................................      11,710    34.30     71,340     32.33
     Civil engineering technicians....................................................      71,430    25.77     53,600     24.82
     Electrical and electronics engineering technicians...............................     128,320    30.91     64,290     30.60
     Electro-mechanical technicians...................................................      13,050    28.60     59,490     27.28
     Environmental engineering technicians............................................      17,590    25.77     53,610     24.15
     Industrial engineering technicians...............................................      65,020    27.79     57,810     26.10
     Mechanical engineering technicians...............................................      43,390    27.97     58,180     26.62
     Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other..............................      76,630    31.03     64,550     29.92
    Surveying and mapping technicians.................................................      51,890    22.28     46,350     20.84
                                                                                                                                
Life, physical, and social science occupations                                           1,148,300    35.76     74,370     31.01
   Life scientists....................................................................     292,310    40.80     84,860     35.43
    Agricultural and food scientists..................................................      31,750    33.88     70,480     30.25
     Animal scientists................................................................       2,550    33.10     68,840     29.21
     Food scientists and technologists................................................      15,020    34.61     71,990     30.60
     Soil and plant scientists........................................................      14,180    33.26     69,170     30.01
    Biological scientists.............................................................     104,550    40.41     84,060     36.04
     Biochemists and biophysicists....................................................      27,380    50.68    105,410     43.84
     Microbiologists..................................................................      21,870    37.69     78,400     33.64
     Zoologists and wildlife biologists...............................................      17,710    31.85     66,250     29.95
     Biological scientists, all other.................................................      37,590    38.56     80,200     36.87
    Conservation scientists and foresters.............................................      30,340    30.76     63,990     29.31
     Conservation scientists..........................................................      22,040    31.18     64,850     29.56
     Foresters........................................................................       8,300    29.67     61,710     28.90
    Medical scientists................................................................     118,560    45.64     94,920     38.93
     Epidemiologists..................................................................       6,870    36.65     76,230     33.49
     Medical scientists, except epidemiologists.......................................     111,690    46.19     96,070     39.46
    Life scientists, all other........................................................       7,120    39.55     82,270     35.84
   Physical scientists................................................................     253,660    42.53     88,470     37.88
    Astronomers and physicists........................................................      18,720    58.47    121,620     56.36
     Astronomers......................................................................       2,020    52.67    109,560     48.36
     Physicists.......................................................................      16,710    59.17    123,080     57.13
    Atmospheric and space scientists..................................................       8,940    45.05     93,710     44.27
    Chemists and materials scientists.................................................      91,880    40.14     83,500     36.67
     Chemists.........................................................................      84,400    39.36     81,870     35.94
     Materials scientists.............................................................       7,470    48.99    101,910     47.85
    Environmental scientists and geoscientists........................................     116,790    40.33     83,890     35.51
     Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.......................      81,920    36.64     76,220     33.37
     Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers...............................      28,520    50.88    105,830     43.20
     Hydrologists.....................................................................       6,350    40.53     84,290     38.46
    Physical scientists, all other....................................................      17,320    51.53    107,180     49.99
   Social scientists and related workers..............................................     243,150    39.96     83,110     37.01
    Economists........................................................................      19,550    54.16    112,650     49.27
    Survey researchers................................................................      11,270    29.18     60,700     26.09
    Psychologists.....................................................................     121,870    39.79     82,770     37.03
     Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists...................................     108,060    39.10     81,330     36.10
     Industrial-organizational psychologists..........................................         920    49.29    102,530     41.87
     Psychologists, all other.........................................................      12,880    44.92     93,440     46.99
    Sociologists......................................................................       2,770    41.41     86,130     38.29
    Urban and regional planners.......................................................      35,310    35.75     74,350     34.37
    Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers...............................      52,380    40.12     83,450     37.83
     Anthropologists and archeologists................................................       6,120    31.89     66,330     29.94
     Geographers......................................................................       1,400    36.92     76,790     36.95
     Historians.......................................................................       3,060    30.88     64,220     28.42
     Political scientists.............................................................       6,320    53.86    112,030     55.34
     Social scientists and related workers, all other.................................      35,490    40.01     83,230     38.16
   Life, physical, and social science technicians.....................................     359,180    24.02     49,970     22.01
    Agricultural and food science technicians.........................................      21,120    20.63     42,910     19.19
    Biological technicians............................................................      74,980    22.79     47,410     21.06
    Chemical technicians..............................................................      64,550    24.52     51,010     22.73
    Geological and petroleum technicians..............................................      14,820    30.50     63,450     26.05
    Nuclear technicians...............................................................       6,850    38.46     80,000     38.64
    Social science research assistants................................................      31,500    23.57     49,030     22.12
    Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians......................     145,360    23.69     49,270     21.97
     Environmental science and protection technicians, including health...............      32,840    23.71     49,310     21.87
     Forensic science technicians.....................................................      15,070    29.43     61,220     27.81
     Forest and conservation technicians..............................................      30,570    18.84     39,180     17.37
     Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other........................      66,890    24.60     51,160     23.12
                                                                                                                                
Community and social service occupations                                                 2,096,740    23.10     48,050     21.08
   Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists.....   2,017,250    23.11     48,060     21.09
    Counselors........................................................................     687,150    24.36     50,670     22.47
     Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors.........................     271,350    28.18     58,620     26.64
     Marriage and family therapists...................................................      42,880    25.89     53,860     23.45
     Rehabilitation counselors........................................................     103,840    18.73     38,950     16.76
     Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors...............     241,930    22.38     46,560     20.82
     Counselors, all other............................................................      27,150    22.89     47,600     20.85
    Social workers....................................................................     644,290    24.82     51,630     23.07
     Child, family, and school social workers.........................................     306,370    23.28     48,430     21.34
     Healthcare social workers........................................................     167,730    27.31     56,810     26.38
     Mental health and substance abuse social workers.................................     112,040    22.99     47,830     20.79
     Social workers, all other........................................................      58,150    29.28     60,900     29.80
    Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............................     685,810    20.23     42,090     18.11
     Health educators.................................................................      58,040    28.37     59,010     25.93
     Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists........................      87,700    27.23     56,630     24.71
     Social and human service assistants..............................................     384,080    17.05     35,460     15.92
     Community health workers.........................................................      54,760    20.36     42,340     18.45
     Community and social service specialists, all other..............................     101,230    21.53     44,780     19.99
   Religious workers..................................................................      79,490    23.02     47,880     20.87
    Clergy............................................................................      49,850    24.43     50,800     22.65
    Directors, religious activities and education.....................................      21,430    21.86     45,470     18.74
    Religious workers, all other......................................................       8,210    17.49     36,380     14.09
                                                                                                                                
Legal occupations                                                                        1,095,770    51.62    107,370     38.50
   Lawyers, judges, and related workers...............................................     692,660    66.18    137,660     55.87
    Lawyers and judicial law clerks...................................................     643,630    67.26    139,900     56.26
     Lawyers..........................................................................     628,370    68.22    141,890     57.33
     Judicial law clerks..............................................................      15,260    27.84     57,920     24.68
    Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers...................................      49,030    52.09    108,340     50.89
     Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers....................      14,480    47.25     98,280     45.57
     Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators.........................................       6,110    35.11     73,020     29.17
     Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates.......................................      28,440    58.20    121,050     64.34
   Legal support workers..............................................................     403,110    26.60     55,330     24.34
    Paralegals and legal assistants...................................................     290,410    25.92     53,910     24.24
    Miscellaneous legal support workers...............................................     112,700    28.36     59,000     24.66
     Court reporters..................................................................      15,220    28.88     60,060     26.50
     Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers......................................      53,040    24.61     51,180     22.53
     Legal support workers, all other.................................................      44,440    32.67     67,960     26.98
                                                                                                                                
Education, training, and library occupations                                             8,727,710    26.67     55,470     23.43
   Postsecondary teachers.............................................................   1,525,170     (²)      82,880      (²) 
    Business teachers, postsecondary..................................................      84,340     (²)     100,270      (²) 
    Math and computer teachers, postsecondary.........................................      83,100     (²)      87,380      (²) 
     Computer science teachers, postsecondary.........................................      32,230     (²)      91,590      (²) 
     Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.....................................      50,870     (²)      84,710	    (²)
    Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary..............................      44,780     (²)     106,770      (²) 
     Architecture teachers, postsecondary.............................................       7,280     (²)      91,000      (²) 
     Engineering teachers, postsecondary..............................................      37,500     (²)     109,830      (²) 
    Life sciences teachers, postsecondary.............................................      62,710     (²)      92,790      (²) 
     Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary....................................      10,800     (²)      91,690      (²) 
     Biological science teachers, postsecondary.......................................      49,910     (²)      93,010      (²)
     Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary........................       2,000     (²)      93,200      (²)
    Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary.........................................      51,530     (²)      94,740      (²) 
     Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary...........      10,730     (²)      98,560      (²) 
     Chemistry teachers, postsecondary................................................      21,090     (²)      90,610      (²) 
     Environmental science teachers, postsecondary....................................       5,990     (²)      87,660      (²) 
     Physics teachers, postsecondary..................................................      13,710     (²)     101,190      (²) 
    Social sciences teachers, postsecondary...........................................     115,860     (²)      89,600      (²) 
     Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary..............................       5,770     (²)      93,500      (²) 
     Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary.......................       9,850     (²)      83,330      (²) 
     Economics teachers, postsecondary................................................      12,770     (²)     114,820      (²) 
     Geography teachers, postsecondary................................................       3,980     (²)      87,810      (²) 
     Political science teachers, postsecondary........................................      16,200     (²)      98,620      (²) 
     Psychology teachers, postsecondary...............................................      37,090     (²)      85,050      (²) 
     Sociology teachers, postsecondary................................................      13,630     (²)      83,840      (²) 
     Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other...............................      16,580     (²)      79,050      (²) 
    Health teachers, postsecondary....................................................     250,190     (²)     112,770      (²) 
     Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.......................................     194,610     (²)     122,890      (²) 
     Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary..................................      55,580     (²)      77,360      (²) 
    Education and library science teachers, postsecondary.............................      65,500     (²)      72,510      (²) 
     Education teachers, postsecondary................................................      60,500     (²)      72,410      (²) 
     Library science teachers, postsecondary..........................................       5,010     (²)      73,680      (²) 
    Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary....................      43,540     (²)      94,200      (²) 
     Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary.....................      14,210     (²)      68,980      (²) 
     Law teachers, postsecondary......................................................      16,900     (²)     129,840      (²) 
     Social work teachers, postsecondary..............................................      12,430     (²)      74,560      (²) 
    Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary......................     264,290     (²)      78,160      (²) 
     Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary....................................      95,110     (²)      78,720      (²) 
     Communications teachers, postsecondary...........................................      28,770     (²)      75,640      (²) 
     English language and literature teachers, postsecondary..........................      69,140     (²)      77,660      (²) 
     Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary..........................      27,240     (²)      75,950      (²) 
     History teachers, postsecondary..................................................      21,120     (²)      82,900      (²) 
     Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary..................................      22,920     (²)      78,790      (²) 
    Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers..............................................     459,310     (²)      59,000      (²) 
     Graduate teaching assistants.....................................................     136,820     (²)      37,720      (²) 
     Home economics teachers, postsecondary...........................................       2,580     (²)      77,220      (²) 
     Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary...........................      16,630     (²)      69,560      (²) 
     Vocational education teachers, postsecondary.....................................     114,020    27.23     56,630     24.81
     Postsecondary teachers, all other................................................     189,270     (²)      74,630      (²) 
   Preschool, primary, secondary, and special education school teachers...............   4,174,870     (²)      58,780      (²) 
    Preschool and kindergarten teachers...............................................     550,390    19.04     39,600     16.13
     Preschool teachers, except special education.....................................     409,740    16.15     33,590     13.94
     Kindergarten teachers, except special education..................................     140,660     (²)      57,110      (²) 
    Elementary and middle school teachers.............................................   2,043,520     (²)      60,900      (²) 
     Elementary school teachers, except special education.............................   1,409,140     (²)      60,830      (²) 
     Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education............     622,340     (²)      61,040      (²) 
     Career/technical education teachers, middle school...............................      12,040     (²)      61,680      (²) 
    Secondary school teachers.........................................................   1,106,060     (²)      62,730      (²) 
     Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education.........   1,027,230     (²)      62,860      (²) 
     Career/technical education teachers, secondary school............................      78,840     (²)      61,010      (²) 
    Special education teachers........................................................     474,890     (²)      62,640      (²) 
     Special education teachers, preschool............................................      28,540     (²)      58,390      (²) 
     Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school...................     184,920     (²)      61,960      (²) 
     Special education teachers, middle school........................................      87,550     (²)      63,250      (²) 
     Special education teachers, secondary school.....................................     135,910     (²)      64,590      (²) 
     Special education teachers, all other............................................      37,980     (²)      60,750      (²)
   Other teachers and instructors.....................................................   1,204,930    18.89     39,290     15.60
    Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors.........      60,670    27.31     56,800     25.05
    Self-enrichment education teachers................................................     238,710    21.46     44,630     18.48
    Miscellaneous teachers and instructors............................................     905,550    17.65     36,700     14.57
     Substitute teachers..............................................................     611,310    15.15     31,510     13.59
     Teachers and instructors, all other, except substitute teachers..................     294,240     (²)      47,490      (²) 
   Librarians, curators, and archivists...............................................     246,760    24.30     50,540     22.78
    Archivists, curators, and museum technicians......................................      29,920    25.22     52,450     22.77
     Archivists.......................................................................       6,080    26.67     55,470     24.88
     Curators.........................................................................      11,550    28.28     58,830     25.85
     Museum technicians and conservators..............................................      12,290    21.62     44,970     19.55
    Librarians........................................................................     126,800    29.21     60,760     28.14
    Library technicians...............................................................      90,030    17.07     35,510     16.20
   Other education, training, and library occupations.................................   1,576,000     (²)      33,320      (²)
    Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists...............................      10,430    24.66     51,290     23.36
    Farm and home management advisors.................................................       8,450    25.11     52,220     23.80
    Instructional coordinators........................................................     157,490    32.06     66,680     30.65
    Teacher assistants................................................................   1,299,800     (²)      27,950      (²)
    Education, training, and library workers, all other...............................      99,830    22.69     47,200     20.74
                                                                                                                                
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations                               1,925,140    28.34     58,950     23.19
   Art and design workers.............................................................     597,970    25.92     53,910     21.75
    Artists and related workers.......................................................      90,940    39.85     82,900     35.62
     Art directors....................................................................      38,110    49.76    103,510     44.47
     Craft artists....................................................................       4,730    19.80     41,180     16.80
     Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators....................      11,230    27.66     57,520     23.81
     Multimedia artists and animators.................................................      29,860    36.81     76,560     33.91
     Artists and related workers, all other...........................................       7,010    32.01     66,590     30.55
    Designers.........................................................................     507,030    23.42     48,720     19.94
     Commercial and industrial designers..............................................      31,250    33.91     70,540     31.72
     Fashion designers................................................................      18,940    37.92     78,870     32.41
     Floral designers.................................................................      43,470    13.57     28,220     12.67
     Graphic designers................................................................     217,170    25.62     53,280     23.41
     Interior designers...............................................................      56,070    27.99     58,210     24.76
     Merchandise displayers and window trimmers.......................................     120,870    14.88     30,940     13.31
     Set and exhibit designers........................................................      11,490    28.65     59,590     25.52
     Designers, all other.............................................................       7,770    31.92     66,400     26.89
   Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers............................     508,410    28.78     59,860     20.20
    Actors, producers, and directors..................................................     161,000    40.74     84,740     30.17
     Actors...........................................................................      43,470    32.89       (²)      17.49
     Producers and directors..........................................................     117,520    43.64     90,770     34.43
    Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers...................................     265,160     (²)      43,940      (²) 
     Athletes and sports competitors..................................................      11,150     (²)      88,300      (²) 
     Coaches and scouts...............................................................     235,400     (²)      42,540      (²) 
     Umpires, referees, and other sports officials....................................      18,610     (²)      35,080      (²)
    Dancers and choreographers........................................................      15,240    20.41     42,450     17.15
     Dancers..........................................................................       9,930    17.70       (²)      14.25
     Choreographers...................................................................       5,310    25.47     52,970     23.28
    Musicians, singers, and related workers...........................................      55,570    34.11       (²)      25.95
     Music directors and composers....................................................      15,400    29.56     61,490     24.32
     Musicians and singers............................................................      40,170    35.86       (²)      26.96
    Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other................      11,440    23.15	  (²)      17.09
   Media and communication workers....................................................     581,520    31.07     64,620     27.09
    Announcers........................................................................      36,500    22.29     46,350     15.15
     Radio and television announcers..................................................      28,580    22.90     47,630     15.60
     Public address system and other announcers.......................................       7,920    20.07     41,740     13.67
    News analysts, reporters and correspondents.......................................      44,480    27.04     56,250     19.67
     Broadcast news analysts..........................................................       5,700    42.43     88,250     30.24
     Reporters and correspondents.....................................................      38,790    24.79     51,550     18.93
    Public relations specialists......................................................     233,730    32.69     67,990     28.51
    Writers and editors...............................................................     192,160    34.02     70,760     30.15
     Editors..........................................................................      96,890    32.80     68,230     28.25
     Technical writers................................................................      49,960    35.79     74,440     34.10
     Writers and authors..............................................................      45,300    34.67     72,120     29.72
    Miscellaneous media and communication workers.....................................      74,650    25.09     52,190     22.77
     Interpreters and translators.....................................................      53,150    24.90     51,790     22.69
     Media and communication workers, all other.......................................      21,510    25.56     53,160     23.03
   Media and communication equipment workers..........................................     237,240    26.82     55,780     21.91
    Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators...................     117,270    23.88     49,660     20.51
     Audio and video equipment technicians............................................      72,740    22.85     47,530     20.28
     Broadcast technicians............................................................      30,390    22.47     46,730     18.78
     Radio operators..................................................................         770    21.39     44,490     21.31
     Sound engineering technicians....................................................      13,370    32.78     68,180     26.83
    Photographers.....................................................................      49,320    20.17     41,940     15.62
    Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors................      51,630    36.01     74,890     27.99
     Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture..........................      20,860    29.58     61,530     25.74
     Film and video editors...........................................................      30,770    40.36     83,950     29.41
    Media and communication equipment workers, all other..............................      19,030    37.27     77,520     38.22
                                                                                                                                
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations                                       8,506,740    38.83     80,760     31.14
   Health diagnosing and treating practitioners.......................................   5,269,630    48.45    100,780     38.21
    Chiropractors.....................................................................      33,630    40.07     83,350     33.00
    Dentists..........................................................................     125,300    86.54    180,010     76.02
     Dentists, general................................................................     110,400    83.71    174,110     72.81
     Oral and maxillofacial surgeons..................................................       4,800   116.70    242,740      (³) 
     Orthodontists....................................................................       5,080   110.28    229,380      (³) 
     Prosthodontists..................................................................         430    94.69    196,960     89.02
     Dentists, all other specialists..................................................       4,590    96.15    199,980     91.75
    Dietitians and nutritionists......................................................      62,980    28.92     60,150     28.56
    Optometrists......................................................................      37,240    57.26    119,100     53.03
    Pharmacists.......................................................................     309,330    58.52    121,710     59.70
    Physicians and surgeons...........................................................     666,490   103.22    214,700      (³) 
     Anesthesiologists................................................................      30,590   127.88    265,990      (³) 
     Family and general practitioners.................................................     126,440   100.27    208,560     95.55
     Internists, general..............................................................      42,280    95.37    198,370     92.75
     Obstetricians and gynecologists..................................................      18,880   113.10    235,240      (³) 
     Pediatricians, general...........................................................      28,990    90.16    187,540     83.00
     Psychiatrists....................................................................      25,250   103.89    216,090      (³) 
     Surgeons.........................................................................      38,600   121.10    251,890      (³) 
     Physicians and surgeons, all other...............................................     355,460   101.63    211,390      (³) 
    Physician assistants..............................................................     109,220    50.37    104,760     50.41
    Podiatrists.......................................................................       9,670    71.38    148,470     61.41
    Therapists........................................................................     676,140    37.86     78,740     36.79
     Occupational therapists..........................................................     126,050    40.69     84,640     40.00
     Physical therapists..............................................................     225,420    42.34     88,080     41.76
     Radiation therapists.............................................................      17,250    40.96     85,190     38.73
     Recreational therapists..........................................................      18,490    23.88     49,670     22.92
     Respiratory therapists...........................................................     128,250    29.72     61,810     28.71
     Speech-language pathologists.....................................................     142,360    38.35     79,770     36.83
     Exercise physiologists...........................................................       6,300    26.31     54,730     23.60
     Therapists, all other............................................................      12,020    28.02     58,290     25.89
    Veterinarians.....................................................................      69,370    48.81    101,530     43.47
    Registered nurses.................................................................   2,906,840    35.36     73,550     33.65
    Nurse anesthetists................................................................      42,620    81.47    169,450     79.38
    Nurse midwives....................................................................       6,530    49.83    103,640     48.36
    Nurse practitioners...............................................................     166,280    51.68    107,480     49.94
    Audiologists......................................................................      12,020    38.48     80,040     36.50
    Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other...........................      35,970    40.49     84,210     35.49
   Health technologists and technicians...............................................   3,075,910    22.74     47,310     20.95
    Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians.................................     322,380    25.59     53,230     24.89
    Dental hygienists.................................................................     211,600    35.91     74,680     35.61
    Diagnostic related technologists and technicians..................................     382,500    30.79     64,040     29.98
     Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.....................................      56,130    27.52     57,250     26.57
     Diagnostic medical sonographers..................................................      68,750    35.19     73,200     34.33
     Nuclear medicine technologists...................................................      18,930    37.33     77,660     36.38
     Radiologic technologists.........................................................     201,200    29.00     60,320     28.10
     Magnetic resonance imaging technologists.........................................      37,490    33.89     70,490     33.62
    Emergency medical technicians and paramedics......................................     251,860    17.64     36,700     16.05
    Health practitioner support technologists and technicians.........................     785,590    17.27     35,910     16.28
     Dietetic technicians.............................................................      33,370    14.24     29,610     12.74
     Pharmacy technicians.............................................................     417,720    15.90     33,060     15.26
     Psychiatric technicians..........................................................      66,930    17.34     36,070     15.23
     Respiratory therapy technicians..................................................       9,600    24.47     50,900     24.21
     Surgical technologists...........................................................     106,470    23.11     48,060     22.26
     Veterinary technologists and technicians.........................................     103,430    16.69     34,710     16.06
     Ophthalmic medical technicians...................................................      48,060    18.03     37,500     17.27
    Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses.................................     702,700    21.98     45,710     21.65
    Medical records and health information technicians................................     204,220    20.59     42,820     18.83
    Opticians, dispensing.............................................................      75,450    18.79     39,070     17.43
    Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................................     139,620    23.36     48,600     20.88
     Orthotists and prosthetists......................................................       7,840    34.12     70,970     31.85
     Hearing aid specialists..........................................................       7,380    27.42     57,030     26.38
     Health technologists and technicians, all other..................................     124,390    22.45     46,690     20.10
   Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations...........................     161,190    31.19     64,870     29.19
    Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........................      98,830    33.71     70,120     32.56
     Occupational health and safety specialists.......................................      81,330    35.38     73,600     34.51
     Occupational health and safety technicians.......................................      17,490    25.93     53,930     24.02
    Miscellaneous health practitioners and technical workers..........................      62,360    27.19     56,550     23.72
     Athletic trainers................................................................      25,010     (²)      48,630      (²)
     Genetic counselors...............................................................       2,660    37.56     78,130     37.25
     Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other........................      34,700    29.13     60,600     24.77
                                                                                                                                
Healthcare support occupations                                                           4,113,410    15.05     31,310     13.80
   Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides........................................   2,393,040    13.03     27,110     12.31
    Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides.......................................   2,393,040    13.03     27,110     12.31
     Home health aides................................................................     820,960    11.67     24,280     11.16
     Psychiatric aides................................................................      65,770    14.10     29,330     13.04
     Nursing assistants...............................................................   1,453,670    13.72     28,540     13.23
     Orderlies........................................................................      52,630    13.94     28,990     13.07
   Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides...................     188,850    23.70     49,300     24.28
    Occupational therapy assistants and aides.........................................      49,390    26.66     55,450     27.25
     Occupational therapy assistants..................................................      41,650    28.59     59,470     28.51
     Occupational therapy aides.......................................................       7,740    16.24     33,780     14.04
    Physical therapist assistants and aides...........................................     139,460    22.65     47,120     22.56
     Physical therapist assistants....................................................      90,170    27.70     57,620     27.61
     Physical therapist aides.........................................................      49,290    13.42     27,910     12.37
   Other healthcare support occupations...............................................   1,531,520    17.14     35,650     16.31
    Massage therapists................................................................     103,300    21.61     44,950     19.23
    Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations......................................   1,428,220    16.82     34,980     16.18
     Dental assistants................................................................     337,160    18.60     38,690     18.09
     Medical assistants...............................................................     646,320    16.15     33,580     15.61
     Medical equipment preparers......................................................      53,920    17.82     37,060     17.00
     Medical transcriptionists........................................................      55,880    17.50     36,400     16.95
     Pharmacy aides...................................................................      35,960    13.96     29,030     12.56
     Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers...........................      84,400    13.26     27,570     12.57
     Phlebotomists....................................................................     122,550    16.69     34,710     16.19
     Healthcare support workers, all other............................................      92,030    18.56     38,600     17.89
                                                                                                                                
Protective service occupations                                                           3,408,680    22.69     47,190     19.01
   Supervisors of protective service workers..........................................     280,260    35.97     74,810     33.38
    First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers.................................     147,140    40.62     84,490     38.52
     First-line supervisors of correctional officers..................................      42,280    32.15     66,880     30.05
     First-line supervisors of police and detectives..................................     104,860    44.03     91,590     42.26
    First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers....................      58,690    38.19     79,430     36.62
    First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other...................      74,430    25.02     52,040     23.77
   Fire fighting and prevention workers...............................................     333,760    25.13     52,260     23.76
    Firefighters......................................................................     319,860    24.97     51,930     23.60
    Fire inspectors...................................................................      13,900    28.83     59,960     27.25
     Fire inspectors and investigators................................................      11,940    29.93     62,260     28.49
     Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists................................       1,960    22.11     45,990     17.97
   Law enforcement workers............................................................   1,235,290    28.75     59,790     26.21
    Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers......................................     447,350    22.86     47,540     20.92
     Bailiffs.........................................................................      18,480    22.21     46,190     20.65
     Correctional officers and jailers................................................     428,870    22.88     47,600     20.93
    Detectives and criminal investigators.............................................     105,350    40.06     83,320     38.45
    Fish and game wardens.............................................................       6,020    28.16     58,570     27.12
    Parking enforcement workers.......................................................       8,660    19.63     40,840     18.76
    Police officers...................................................................     667,910    31.03     64,540     29.41
     Police and sheriff's patrol officers.............................................     662,390    31.00     64,490     29.35
     Transit and railroad police......................................................       5,520    34.27     71,280     33.79
   Other protective service workers...................................................   1,559,360    14.98     31,170     13.05
    Animal control workers............................................................      12,700    18.07     37,580     17.08
    Private detectives and investigators..............................................      30,980    26.48     55,080     24.38
    Security guards and gaming surveillance officers..................................   1,115,730    14.80     30,780     12.96
     Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators............................      10,290    17.39     36,160     15.99
     Security guards..................................................................   1,105,440    14.78     30,730     12.93
    Miscellaneous protective service workers..........................................     399,960    14.51     30,180     12.58
     Crossing guards..................................................................      76,440    14.50     30,170     13.28
     Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers........     145,660    11.33     23,570     10.24
     Transportation security screeners................................................      42,470    19.69     40,960     19.51
     Protective service workers, all other............................................     135,390    16.31     33,930     14.54
                                                                                                                                
Food preparation and serving related occupations                                        13,193,090    11.88     24,710     10.53
   Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers................................   1,058,870    17.89     37,220     16.06
    Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers...............................   1,058,870    17.89     37,220     16.06
     Chefs and head cooks.............................................................     131,430    23.87     49,650     22.09
     First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers...................     927,440    17.05     35,460     15.37
   Cooks and food preparation workers.................................................   3,207,700    12.04     25,040     11.36
    Cooks.............................................................................   2,375,000    12.23     25,440     11.52
     Cooks, fast food.................................................................     503,780    10.39     21,610     10.12
     Cooks, institution and cafeteria.................................................     404,120    13.20     27,450     12.43
     Cooks, private household.........................................................         500    20.67     42,990     18.40
     Cooks, restaurant................................................................   1,276,510    12.71     26,440     12.10
     Cooks, short order...............................................................     174,230    11.57     24,060     10.93
     Cooks, all other.................................................................      15,870    14.38     29,900     13.46
    Food preparation workers..........................................................     832,690    11.49     23,900     10.93
   Food and beverage serving workers..................................................   7,515,370    11.16     23,220      9.86
    Bartenders........................................................................     613,350    12.63     26,260     10.43
    Fast food and counter workers.....................................................   4,053,160    10.28     21,380      9.73
     Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food...............   3,576,220    10.21     21,230      9.70
     Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop..................     476,940    10.83     22,530     10.23
    Waiters and waitresses............................................................   2,584,220    12.15     25,280     10.01
    Food servers, nonrestaurant.......................................................     264,630    11.61     24,150     10.73
   Other food preparation and serving related workers.................................   1,411,160    10.86     22,580     10.33
    Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers........................     436,730    11.08     23,050     10.18
    Dishwashers.......................................................................     503,540    10.68     22,210     10.34
    Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop..........................     414,540    10.72     22,290     10.06
    Food preparation and serving related workers, all other...........................      56,350    11.72     24,380     10.88
                                                                                                                                
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations                                4,424,440    13.91     28,930     12.32
   Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers...............     255,410    21.82     45,380     20.28
    First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers...     255,410    21.82     45,380     20.28
     First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers....................     155,090    20.37     42,380     18.86
     First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers..     100,320    24.05     50,020     22.61
   Building cleaning and pest control workers.........................................   3,176,790    13.06     27,170     11.71
    Building cleaning workers.........................................................   3,101,660    12.95     26,940     11.65
     Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners....................   2,164,040    13.41     27,900     12.02
     Maids and housekeeping cleaners..................................................     922,660    11.84     24,630     10.99
     Building cleaning workers, all other.............................................      14,970    15.23     31,690     13.97
    Pest control workers..............................................................      75,130    17.60     36,610     16.52
   Grounds maintenance workers........................................................     992,240    14.58     30,330     13.51
    Grounds maintenance workers.......................................................     992,240    14.58     30,330     13.51
     Landscaping and groundskeeping workers...........................................     912,360    14.28     29,700     13.31
     Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation........................      25,900    17.97     37,370     16.74
     Tree trimmers and pruners........................................................      41,140    18.55     38,580     17.53
     Grounds maintenance workers, all other...........................................      12,840    16.75     34,850     14.45
                                                                                                                                
Personal care and service occupations                                                    5,159,100    13.11     27,270     11.35
   Supervisors of personal care and service workers...................................     244,300    20.04     41,690     18.51
    First-line supervisors of gaming workers..........................................      30,670    23.85     49,600     23.49
    First-line supervisors of personal service workers................................     213,620    19.50     40,550     18.01
   Animal care and service workers....................................................     204,850    12.42     25,840     11.13
    Animal trainers...................................................................      14,340    16.71     34,760     13.88
    Nonfarm animal caretakers.........................................................     190,520    12.10     25,170     11.03
   Entertainment attendants and related workers.......................................     586,270    11.25     23,390     10.09
    Gaming services workers...........................................................     115,130    11.51     23,950      9.73
     Gaming dealers...................................................................      94,260    11.02     22,910      9.53
     Gaming and sports book writers and runners.......................................      11,210    13.25     27,550     11.55
     Gaming service workers, all other................................................       9,660    14.38     29,910     13.00
    Motion picture projectionists.....................................................       5,700    11.92     24,790     10.60
    Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers.......................................     124,710    10.85     22,580     10.01
    Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........................     340,740    11.29     23,480     10.27
     Amusement and recreation attendants..............................................     310,970    10.94     22,760     10.13
     Costume attendants...............................................................       6,430    22.93     47,700     20.49
     Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants..............................      17,950    12.34     25,670     10.98
     Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other..........................       5,390    13.95     29,010     11.63
   Funeral service workers............................................................      64,630    19.12     39,780     15.53
    Embalmers.........................................................................       4,200    21.65     45,040     20.57
    Funeral attendants................................................................      34,970    13.04     27,120     12.04
    Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors....................................      25,460    27.07     56,300     24.93
   Personal appearance workers........................................................     536,550    14.35     29,840     11.73
    Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists............................     370,710    14.66     30,480     11.97
     Barbers..........................................................................      18,810    14.65     30,480     12.33
     Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists...................................     351,910    14.66     30,490     11.95
    Miscellaneous personal appearance workers.........................................     165,830    13.66     28,410     11.44
     Makeup artists, theatrical and performance.......................................       3,540    33.32     69,310     28.51
     Manicurists and pedicurists......................................................     104,020    12.01     24,980     11.17
     Shampooers.......................................................................      13,330    10.41     21,650      9.77
     Skincare specialists.............................................................      44,940    16.89     35,130     14.46
   Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges..........................................      78,370    14.00     29,110     12.36
    Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges.........................................      78,370    14.00     29,110     12.36
     Baggage porters and bellhops.....................................................      42,620    12.55     26,100     11.17
     Concierges.......................................................................      35,750    15.72     32,700     14.49
   Tour and travel guides.............................................................      46,140    14.03     29,180     12.39
    Tour and travel guides............................................................      46,140    14.03     29,180     12.39
   Other personal care and service workers............................................   3,397,990    12.63     26,280     11.29
    Childcare workers.................................................................     562,420    11.42     23,760     10.72
    Personal care aides...............................................................   2,035,610    11.59     24,100     11.11
    Recreation and fitness workers....................................................     632,430    16.79     34,930     13.72
     Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors........................................     280,080    21.02     43,720     18.85
     Recreation workers...............................................................     352,350    13.44     27,950     11.80
    Residential advisors..............................................................     110,720    13.87     28,850     12.90
    Personal care and service workers, all other......................................      56,820    13.35     27,760     12.45
                                                                                                                                
Sales and related occupations                                                           14,522,580    19.56     40,680     12.99
   Supervisors of sales workers.......................................................   1,452,010    24.27     50,480     20.12
    First-line supervisors of sales workers...........................................   1,452,010    24.27     50,480     20.12
     First-line supervisors of retail sales workers...................................   1,200,180    20.95     43,580     18.54
     First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers...............................     251,830    40.08     83,370     34.45
   Retail sales workers...............................................................   8,729,350    12.29     25,560     10.77
    Cashiers..........................................................................   3,588,960    10.65     22,160     10.12
     Cashiers.........................................................................   3,564,920    10.64     22,130     10.11
     Gaming change persons and booth cashiers.........................................      24,050    12.48     25,950     11.50
    Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons..................................     698,300    14.85     30,890     13.04
     Counter and rental clerks........................................................     445,530    14.30     29,740     12.41
     Parts salespersons...............................................................     252,770    15.83     32,920     14.13
    Retail salespersons...............................................................   4,442,090    13.20     27,460     11.16
   Sales representatives, services....................................................   1,983,790    33.50     69,680     25.22
    Advertising sales agents..........................................................     136,520    29.34     61,020     23.89
    Insurance sales agents............................................................     386,320    32.21     66,990     23.90
    Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents......................     389,610    46.85     97,440     30.66
    Travel agents.....................................................................      67,330    19.64     40,840     17.78
    Sales representatives, services, all other........................................   1,004,020    30.31     63,050     25.24
   Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing.................................   1,718,580    34.88     72,540     29.01
    Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................................   1,718,580    34.88     72,540     29.01
     Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific                                               
      products........................................................................     327,190    44.24     92,010     37.90
     Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and                                                   
      scientific products.............................................................   1,391,400    32.67     67,960     27.39
   Other sales and related workers....................................................     638,860    23.72     49,340     16.17
    Models, demonstrators, and product promoters......................................      88,500    15.30     31,830     12.97
     Demonstrators and product promoters..............................................      84,780    15.30     31,830     13.01
     Models...........................................................................       3,710    15.32     31,870     11.01
    Real estate brokers and sales agents..............................................     188,490    30.35     63,130     23.02
     Real estate brokers..............................................................      40,530    36.50     75,910     27.28
     Real estate sales agents.........................................................     147,960    28.67     59,630     22.11
    Sales engineers...................................................................      70,820    51.42    106,950     47.46
    Telemarketers.....................................................................     189,670    13.30     27,670     11.76
    Miscellaneous sales and related workers...........................................     101,380    18.89     39,300     15.79
     Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers.........       7,520    13.59     28,260     11.45
     Sales and related workers, all other.............................................      93,860    19.32     40,180     16.30
                                                                                                                                
Office and administrative support occupations                                           21,965,480    18.24     37,950     16.70
   Supervisors of office and administrative support workers...........................   1,458,380    28.14     58,540     26.47
    First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers...............   1,458,380    28.14     58,540     26.47
   Communications equipment operators.................................................      88,680    15.09     31,390     14.02
    Switchboard operators, including answering service................................      80,380    14.69     30,550     13.80
    Telephone operators...............................................................       6,310    18.47     38,410     17.46
    Communications equipment operators, all other.....................................       1,980    20.63     42,910     19.94
   Financial clerks...................................................................   3,044,000    18.55     38,580     17.56
    Bill and account collectors.......................................................     271,700    18.10     37,650     16.99
    Billing and posting clerks........................................................     476,010    18.49     38,460     17.72
    Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks......................................   1,532,340    19.76     41,110     18.87
    Gaming cage workers...............................................................      17,030    13.57     28,210     12.65
    Payroll and timekeeping clerks....................................................     152,990    21.61     44,950     21.10
    Procurement clerks................................................................      70,510    20.35     42,320     20.15
    Tellers...........................................................................     491,150    13.89     28,880     13.52
    Financial clerks, all other.......................................................      32,260    20.49     42,630     19.22
   Information and record clerks......................................................   5,694,680    16.79     34,930     15.51
    Brokerage clerks..................................................................      58,930    25.41     52,850     23.94
    Correspondence clerks.............................................................       6,370    18.32     38,100     17.61
    Court, municipal, and license clerks..............................................     133,330    19.11     39,760     17.93
    Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks..........................................      34,350    19.07     39,670     17.93
    Customer service representatives..................................................   2,767,790    17.14     35,650     15.81
    Eligibility interviewers, government programs.....................................     140,590    21.45     44,620     21.35
    File clerks.......................................................................     118,840    15.48     32,200     14.48
    Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks..............................................     253,540    11.66     24,250     10.99
    Interviewers, except eligibility and loan.........................................     189,600    16.62     34,570     15.92
    Library assistants, clerical......................................................      94,140    13.54     28,170     12.41
    Loan interviewers and clerks......................................................     227,430    19.52     40,610     18.78
    New accounts clerks...............................................................      41,680    17.58     36,560     16.95
    Order clerks......................................................................     169,120    16.99     35,330     16.11
    Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........................     134,570    19.57     40,700     18.98
    Receptionists and information clerks..............................................   1,014,900    14.25     29,640     13.65
    Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks....................     148,220    19.16     39,850     17.44
    Information and record clerks, all other..........................................     161,250    19.56     40,690     19.16
   Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers..............   4,152,650    16.73     34,790     14.95
    Cargo and freight agents..........................................................      89,920    21.62     44,980     20.11
    Couriers and messengers...........................................................      76,710    14.42     30,000     13.58
    Dispatchers.......................................................................     293,970    20.24     42,110     18.79
     Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers..........................................      95,450    20.20     42,020     19.06
     Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance..................................     198,520    20.26     42,150     18.65
    Meter readers, utilities..........................................................      33,860    20.87     43,410     18.86
    Postal service workers............................................................     531,750    24.04     50,010     27.53
     Postal service clerks............................................................      82,890    23.91     49,730     28.15
     Postal service mail carriers.....................................................     336,900    24.05     50,020     27.40
     Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators........     111,960    24.12     50,160     27.53
    Production, planning, and expediting clerks.......................................     336,000    23.57     49,020     22.44
    Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks...........................................     671,780    16.25     33,790     15.29
    Stock clerks and order fillers....................................................   2,046,040    13.20     27,450     11.77
    Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........................      72,630    15.54     32,330     14.51
   Secretaries and administrative assistants..........................................   3,613,300    19.74     41,060     18.21
    Secretaries and administrative assistants.........................................   3,613,300    19.74     41,060     18.21
     Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants....................     596,080    28.56     59,400     27.60
     Legal secretaries................................................................     185,870    23.37     48,600     21.51
     Medical secretaries..............................................................     576,520    17.25     35,870     16.64
     Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive..   2,254,820    17.75     36,920     17.11
   Other office and administrative support workers....................................   3,913,800    16.73     34,800     15.66
    Computer operators................................................................      40,400    21.79     45,320     21.28
    Data entry and information processing workers.....................................     245,300    16.73     34,800     15.85
     Data entry keyers................................................................     180,100    15.64     32,530     14.87
     Word processors and typists......................................................      65,200    19.74     41,070     19.11
    Desktop publishers................................................................      12,000    21.72     45,170     20.36
    Insurance claims and policy processing clerks.....................................     277,130    19.76     41,090     18.65
    Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service.....................      85,800    15.00     31,200     14.24
    Office clerks, general............................................................   2,967,620    16.30     33,910     15.14
    Office machine operators, except computer.........................................      54,950    15.96     33,190     15.08
    Proofreaders and copy markers.....................................................      11,420    19.43     40,410     18.05
    Statistical assistants............................................................      10,110    23.60     49,090     22.79
    Office and administrative support workers, all other..............................     209,070    17.96     37,360     17.11
                                                                                                                                
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations                                                 470,920    13.87     28,840     11.73
   Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers..............................      20,750    24.11     50,160     22.39
    First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers..................      20,750    24.11     50,160     22.39
   Agricultural workers...............................................................     404,610    12.78     26,580     11.46
    Agricultural inspectors...........................................................      13,960    21.60     44,930     20.86
    Animal breeders...................................................................       1,800    20.89     43,450     18.06
    Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................................      39,810    11.84     24,620     11.22
    Miscellaneous agricultural workers................................................     349,040    12.49     25,990     11.40
     Agricultural equipment operators.................................................      26,070    15.12     31,440     14.48
     Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse..........................     282,300    12.05     25,070     11.24
     Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals...............................      35,460    13.38     27,840     12.24
     Agricultural workers, all other..................................................       5,210    17.27     35,910     14.71
   Fishing and hunting workers........................................................         750    15.06     31,330     13.72
    Fishers and related fishing workers...............................................         520    15.00     31,190     13.61
   Forest, conservation, and logging workers..........................................      44,800    18.91     39,330     18.01
    Forest and conservation workers...................................................       7,080    15.06     31,320     13.30
    Logging workers...................................................................      37,730    19.63     40,830     18.67
     Fallers..........................................................................       5,420    22.56     46,930     19.56
     Logging equipment operators......................................................      26,010    19.15     39,820     18.46
     Log graders and scalers..........................................................       3,010    18.61     38,710     18.21
     Logging workers, all other.......................................................       3,290    19.58     40,730     19.11
                                                                                                                                
Construction and extraction occupations                                                  5,728,460    24.01     49,930     21.51
   Supervisors of construction and extraction workers.................................     556,300    33.27     69,200     30.80
    First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers..............     556,300    33.27     69,200     30.80
   Construction trades workers........................................................   4,348,180    23.37     48,620     20.91
    Boilermakers......................................................................      15,020    30.30     63,010     29.93
    Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons.........................................      76,770    24.84     51,670     23.17
     Brickmasons and blockmasons......................................................      64,790    25.67     53,390     23.93
     Stonemasons......................................................................      11,990    20.37     42,370     18.72
    Carpenters........................................................................     693,050    23.86     49,630     21.71
    Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers..................................      81,130    21.65     45,030     19.35
     Carpet installers................................................................      26,120    21.25     44,200     18.67
     Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles................................      11,860    21.41     44,530     19.25
     Floor sanders and finishers......................................................       4,320    18.87     39,260     17.77
     Tile and marble setters..........................................................      38,820    22.30     46,370     20.04
    Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers...........................     181,270    21.87     45,490     19.54
     Cement masons and concrete finishers.............................................     178,640    21.87     45,490     19.54
     Terrazzo workers and finishers...................................................       2,630    21.89     45,520     19.51
    Construction laborers.............................................................     962,060    18.70     38,890     16.60
    Construction equipment operators..................................................     418,760    24.54     51,050     22.15
     Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators...............................      49,760    21.10     43,890     18.81
     Pile-driver operators............................................................       3,710    30.66     63,770     27.72
     Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators...................     365,300    24.95     51,890     22.61
    Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers...........................     114,630    24.15     50,240     21.14
     Drywall and ceiling tile installers..............................................      96,550    23.68     49,250     20.60
     Tapers...........................................................................      18,080    26.70     55,540     24.82
    Electricians......................................................................     631,080    27.84     57,910     26.01
    Glaziers..........................................................................      47,330    22.83     47,480     20.47
    Insulation workers................................................................      55,930    21.68     45,090     19.20
     Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall.....................................      31,100    19.52     40,600     17.81
     Insulation workers, mechanical...................................................      24,840    24.38     50,710     21.90
    Painters and paperhangers.........................................................     224,050    20.11     41,830     18.24
     Painters, construction and maintenance...........................................     221,340    20.12     41,840     18.25
     Paperhangers.....................................................................       2,710    19.68     40,930     17.80
    Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters...............................     466,950    26.89     55,920     24.72
     Pipelayers.......................................................................      38,690    20.77     43,210     18.46
     Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters..........................................     428,260    27.44     57,070     25.28
    Plasterers and stucco masons......................................................      24,180    21.83     45,410     19.59
    Reinforcing iron and rebar workers................................................      18,480    26.09     54,270     22.52
    Roofers...........................................................................     121,170    20.57     42,780     18.74
    Sheet metal workers...............................................................     132,920    25.05     52,100     23.07
    Structural iron and steel workers.................................................      74,420    27.37     56,940     25.30
    Solar photovoltaic installers.....................................................       9,000    20.68     43,010     18.98
   Helpers, construction trades.......................................................     229,470    15.38     31,980     14.48
    Helpers, construction trades......................................................     229,470    15.38     31,980     14.48
     Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters......      24,660    16.84     35,020     15.25
     Helpers--carpenters..............................................................      33,740    14.95     31,100     14.35
     Helpers--electricians............................................................      72,580    15.40     32,040     14.68
     Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons...................      11,000    14.70     30,570     13.83
     Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.....................      54,790    15.31     31,830     14.37
     Helpers--roofers.................................................................       9,550    14.28     29,710     13.70
     Helpers, construction trades, all other..........................................      23,140    15.30     31,830     14.26
   Other construction and related workers.............................................     410,610    23.52     48,920     21.20
    Construction and building inspectors..............................................      98,810    29.82     62,020     28.41
    Elevator installers and repairers.................................................      24,490    37.08     77,130     38.21
    Fence erectors....................................................................      21,430    17.43     36,260     16.02
    Hazardous materials removal workers...............................................      43,260    22.27     46,330     19.91
    Highway maintenance workers.......................................................     146,580    19.38     40,300     18.61
    Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators.............................      15,070    27.10     56,360     26.95
    Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners.....................................      26,250    19.52     40,590     18.25
    Miscellaneous construction and related workers....................................      34,720    20.30     42,220     18.29
   Extraction workers.................................................................     183,900    22.83     47,480     21.19
    Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining...........      64,240    25.56     53,170     23.56
     Derrick operators, oil and gas...................................................       9,590    22.84     47,510     22.18
     Rotary drill operators, oil and gas..............................................      15,370    27.01     56,180     25.95
     Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining.....................................      39,270    25.66     53,370     23.21
    Earth drillers, except oil and gas................................................      17,470    22.83     47,480     21.08
    Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters.......................       5,850    25.38     52,790     23.87
    Mining machine operators..........................................................      20,240    25.82     53,710     25.58
     Continuous mining machine operators..............................................      12,000    26.46     55,040     26.26
     Mine cutting and channeling machine operators....................................       5,400    25.17     52,360     25.13
     Mining machine operators, all other..............................................       2,840    24.36     50,670     23.49
    Rock splitters, quarry............................................................       4,310    17.33     36,050     16.51
    Roof bolters, mining..............................................................       3,410    28.52     59,310     28.10
    Roustabouts, oil and gas..........................................................      48,140    19.16     39,850     17.77
    Helpers--extraction workers.......................................................      15,280    17.73     36,870     17.17
    Extraction workers, all other.....................................................       4,970    24.37     50,690     23.67
                                                                                                                                
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations                                        5,528,390    23.02     47,870     21.40
   Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......................     460,370    32.75     68,120     31.15
    First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers....................     460,370    32.75     68,120     31.15
   Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...........     593,710    25.00     52,010     23.81
    Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers..........................     100,580    19.30     40,140     18.13
    Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers...................     249,000    26.52     55,160     25.76
     Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers....................      15,310    27.43     57,050     26.92
     Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers....     233,690    26.46     55,030     25.67
    Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and                                                
     repairers........................................................................     244,120    25.81     53,680     24.82
     Avionics technicians.............................................................      18,620    30.60     63,650     30.12
     Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers................................      17,220    22.23     46,230     20.47
     Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment....      12,310    29.82     62,030     29.25
     Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment........      64,380    28.00     58,250     27.49
     Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay..........      24,430    37.39     77,770     37.70
     Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles....................      11,520    17.33     36,050     16.60
     Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers.................      25,810    18.74     38,980     17.88
     Security and fire alarm systems installers.......................................      69,830    22.64     47,100     21.96
   Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers..................   1,596,660    21.62     44,970     20.25
    Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................................     131,500    30.07     62,540     29.34
    Automotive technicians and repairers..............................................     804,200    20.68     43,020     19.12
     Automotive body and related repairers............................................     144,320    21.94     45,630     20.18
     Automotive glass installers and repairers........................................      20,190    17.23     35,830     16.43
     Automotive service technicians and mechanics.....................................     639,700    20.51     42,660     19.02
    Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists.............................     260,380    23.08     48,000     22.29
    Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics..............     190,100    24.42     50,800     23.77
     Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians.................................      34,410    19.65     40,880     18.91
     Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines.................................     131,590    25.18     52,370     24.45
     Rail car repairers...............................................................      24,090    27.11     56,380     27.62
    Small engine mechanics............................................................      68,300    18.36     38,190     17.30
     Motorboat mechanics and service technicians......................................      21,160    19.88     41,350     18.73
     Motorcycle mechanics.............................................................      15,850    18.40     38,270     17.15
     Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics.........................      31,300    17.32     36,020     16.53
    Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...     142,190    14.28     29,700     13.31
     Bicycle repairers................................................................      12,720    14.12     29,370     13.65
     Recreational vehicle service technicians.........................................      14,780    18.83     39,160     17.89
     Tire repairers and changers......................................................     114,690    13.71     28,510     12.84
   Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............................   2,877,650    21.82     45,390     20.20
    Control and valve installers and repairers........................................      68,700    25.34     52,710     23.57
     Mechanical door repairers........................................................      21,010    19.93     41,460     19.00
     Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door...............      47,700    27.72     57,660     26.85
    Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers.............     307,060    23.81     49,530     22.64
    Home appliance repairers..........................................................      32,250    19.61     40,790     18.35
    Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers................     467,450    25.12     52,250     24.25
     Industrial machinery mechanics...................................................     341,260    25.54     53,110     24.69
     Maintenance workers, machinery...................................................      83,520    22.71     47,240     21.89
     Millwrights......................................................................      41,360    26.58     55,290     25.95
     Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons...............................       1,310    24.08     50,080     23.35
    Line installers and repairers.....................................................     223,740    30.19     62,790     30.86
     Electrical power-line installers and repairers...................................     116,650    33.04     68,710     33.36
     Telecommunications line installers and repairers.................................     107,090    27.09     56,340     26.47
    Precision instrument and equipment repairers......................................      69,700    24.41     50,760     23.04
     Camera and photographic equipment repairers......................................       3,650    20.44     42,510     19.60
     Medical equipment repairers......................................................      43,670    25.13     52,260     23.47
     Musical instrument repairers and tuners..........................................       8,240    18.77     39,040     17.56
     Watch repairers..................................................................       2,130    19.01     39,530     17.20
     Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other..........................      12,010    27.81     57,850     27.37
    Maintenance and repair workers, general...........................................   1,351,210    19.37     40,280     18.11
    Wind turbine service technicians..................................................       4,390    27.25     56,680     25.91
    Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......................     353,160    18.76     39,020     16.93
     Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers.....................      34,010    16.97     35,290     16.20
     Commercial divers................................................................       3,280    26.57     55,270     22.70
     Fabric menders, except garment...................................................         390    14.20     29,530     13.77
     Locksmiths and safe repairers....................................................      17,500    20.54     42,730     19.56
     Manufactured building and mobile home installers.................................       2,750    15.29     31,810     14.88
     Riggers..........................................................................      21,000    24.17     50,270     23.36
     Signal and track switch repairers................................................       8,300    31.61     65,750     32.88
     Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers...........................     112,080    14.63     30,430     13.70
     Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other.........................     153,850    20.43     42,500     18.65
                                                                                                                                
Production occupations                                                                   9,024,560    18.30     38,070     16.34
   Supervisors of production workers..................................................     611,800    30.13     62,660     28.31
    First-line supervisors of production and operating workers........................     611,800    30.13     62,660     28.31
   Assemblers and fabricators.........................................................   1,759,720    16.62     34,560     15.31
    Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers.....................      41,130    26.64     55,400     25.73
    Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers.........................     276,340    16.78     34,910     15.66
     Coil winders, tapers, and finishers..............................................      13,300    16.86     35,080     16.01
     Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, 
      tapers, and finishers...........................................................     263,040    16.78     34,900     15.64
    Engine and other machine assemblers...............................................      37,770    21.40     44,520     20.86
    Structural metal fabricators and fitters..........................................      77,600    19.47     40,490     18.49
    Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators..........................................   1,326,870    15.97     33,210     14.77
     Fiberglass laminators and fabricators............................................      20,040    16.81     34,960     15.52
     Timing device assemblers and adjusters...........................................         680    17.94     37,310     16.73
     Assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers.................   1,306,150    15.95     33,180     14.75
   Food processing workers............................................................     795,240    13.98     29,070     13.00
    Bakers............................................................................     182,890    13.42     27,920     12.35
    Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers.....................     362,380    13.92     28,960     13.14
     Butchers and meat cutters........................................................     131,530    15.66     32,570     14.85
     Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers.....................................     153,280    12.71     26,430     12.14
     Slaughterers and meat packers....................................................      77,570    13.38     27,830     13.23
    Miscellaneous food processing workers.............................................     249,970    14.46     30,080     13.29
     Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders......      21,130    15.23     31,680     14.14
     Food batchmakers.................................................................     151,950    14.85     30,880     13.70
     Food cooking machine operators and tenders.......................................      33,340    14.54     30,240     13.66
     Food processing workers, all other...............................................      43,540    12.69     26,390     11.76
   Metal workers and plastic workers..................................................   1,895,150    19.54     40,650     18.37
    Computer control programmers and operators........................................     168,450    20.72     43,100     19.56
     Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic....................     144,660    19.72     41,010     18.86
     Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic......      23,790    26.81     55,770     25.26
    Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................     117,450    18.05     37,540     17.26
     Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.      73,530    17.33     36,050     16.63
     Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...............      18,300    19.39     40,340     18.58
     Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...............      25,610    19.15     39,840     18.20
    Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...........     321,590    17.37     36,140     16.46
     Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and                                            
      plastic.........................................................................     188,520    16.72     34,770     15.90
     Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and                                                
      plastic.........................................................................      11,030    19.65     40,870     17.92
     Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and                                             
      tenders, metal and plastic......................................................      74,600    17.08     35,520     16.10
     Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and                                                  
      plastic.........................................................................      29,620    19.38     40,310     18.55
     Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...      17,820    20.83     43,330     20.51
    Machinists........................................................................     378,320    21.23     44,160     20.48
    Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters............................      25,210    19.81     41,210     19.35
     Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders.....................................      17,610    20.08     41,770     19.85
     Pourers and casters, metal.......................................................       7,600    19.20     39,930     18.37
    Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic.................................       9,010    24.83     51,650     24.22
     Model makers, metal and plastic..................................................       5,820    26.35     54,820     25.80
     Patternmakers, metal and plastic.................................................       3,200    22.06     45,880     21.65
    Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....     168,820    16.25     33,810     15.10
     Foundry mold and coremakers......................................................      13,960    17.52     36,440     16.90
     Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal                                            
      and plastic.....................................................................     154,860    16.14     33,570     14.95
    Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........     121,160    17.62     36,650     16.73
    Tool and die makers...............................................................      73,510    25.60     53,260     25.23
    Welding, soldering, and brazing workers...........................................     416,000    20.67     42,980     19.19
     Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers.........................................     377,250    20.87     43,410     19.35
     Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders..........      38,750    18.69     38,880     17.88
    Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers...................................      95,620    18.02     37,490     17.01
     Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......      19,340    18.62     38,720     17.93
     Layout workers, metal and plastic................................................       8,550    22.54     46,890     22.26
     Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...      37,200    16.55     34,430     15.35
     Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners............................................       8,060    18.65     38,800     17.50
     Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.....................................      22,470    18.00     37,440     17.22
   Printing workers...................................................................     251,310    18.08     37,610     17.09
    Printing workers..................................................................     251,310    18.08     37,610     17.09
     Prepress technicians and workers.................................................      31,500    20.08     41,770     19.19
     Printing press operators.........................................................     171,130    18.20     37,860     17.19
     Print binding and finishing workers..............................................      48,680    16.36     34,040     15.40
   Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers..........................................     572,630    12.89     26,810     11.72
    Laundry and dry-cleaning workers..................................................     209,350    11.43     23,770     10.75
    Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials.................................      42,830    11.09     23,080     10.79
    Sewing machine operators..........................................................     136,530    12.62     26,250     11.69
    Shoe and leather workers..........................................................      10,680    13.24     27,540     12.62
     Shoe and leather workers and repairers...........................................       7,180    13.25     27,550     12.31
     Shoe machine operators and tenders...............................................       3,500    13.23     27,530     13.18
    Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers..................................................      26,620    14.94     31,080     13.42
     Sewers, hand.....................................................................       6,190    13.24     27,540     12.61
     Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers..........................................      20,440    15.46     32,150     13.75
    Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................      75,810    13.90     28,900     13.47
     Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders.......................       9,800    14.02     29,150     13.60
     Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders..........................      14,150    13.65     28,400     12.93
     Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders.............      20,920    13.99     29,100     13.44
     Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and                                                 
      tenders.........................................................................      30,940    13.91     28,920     13.59
    Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers...........................      70,810    16.91     35,180     15.71
     Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and                                               
      glass fibers....................................................................      18,880    16.69     34,720     16.09
     Fabric and apparel patternmakers.................................................       4,810    23.89     49,690     19.45
     Upholsterers.....................................................................      32,500    16.85     35,060     16.18
     Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other.............................      14,610    15.04     31,280     12.82
   Woodworkers........................................................................     255,070    15.82     32,900     14.86
    Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................................      97,820    17.18     35,740     16.31
    Furniture finishers...............................................................      17,530    15.95     33,170     15.05
    Model makers and patternmakers, wood..............................................       1,630    24.94     51,880     24.75
     Model makers, wood...............................................................         850    25.00     52,000     24.11
     Patternmakers, wood..............................................................         770    24.88     51,760     25.18
    Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders...............................     131,600    14.66     30,490     13.99
     Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood.............................      51,950    14.74     30,670     13.98
     Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing...............      79,650    14.60     30,370     14.00
    Woodworkers, all other............................................................       6,490    16.18     33,650     14.75
   Plant and system operators.........................................................     298,770    29.18     60,700     28.05
    Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers..............................      52,290    38.25     79,560     38.67
     Nuclear power reactor operators..................................................       6,010    45.36     94,350     44.89
     Power distributors and dispatchers...............................................      12,110    39.57     82,310     39.67
     Power plant operators............................................................      34,170    36.53     75,970     37.10
    Stationary engineers and boiler operators.........................................      32,790    30.15     62,710     28.79
    Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators.........................     117,450    23.22     48,290     22.19
    Miscellaneous plant and system operators..........................................      96,240    31.21     64,920     31.04
     Chemical plant and system operators..............................................      30,290    29.63     61,620     29.89
     Gas plant operators..............................................................      14,890    33.46     69,600     33.19
     Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers.................      38,700    32.78     68,190     32.58
     Plant and system operators, all other............................................      12,360    27.48     57,150     27.08
   Other production occupations.......................................................   2,584,880    17.28     35,940     15.63
    Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................     126,320    22.87     47,560     21.21
     Chemical equipment operators and tenders.........................................      77,870    24.37     50,690     22.98
     Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters,                                               
      operators, and tenders..........................................................      48,450    20.45     42,540     18.77
    Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers.......................     191,200    17.90     37,230     16.87
     Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders........      31,390    17.90     37,220     17.01
     Grinding and polishing workers, hand.............................................      30,320    14.83     30,840     13.86
     Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders......................     129,490    18.62     38,730     17.59
    Cutting workers...................................................................      72,690    16.30     33,910     15.70
     Cutters and trimmers, hand.......................................................      12,230    14.60     30,360     13.56
     Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders......................      60,460    16.65     34,630     16.16
    Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and                                                
     tenders..........................................................................      76,120    17.03     35,430     16.19
    Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders......................      18,030    18.89     39,280     18.07
    Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers..............................     537,500    19.73     41,040     17.95
    Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers.....................................      25,710    20.28     42,180     18.25
    Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians............................      79,370    18.61     38,710     16.95
     Dental laboratory technicians....................................................      35,630    20.19     41,990     18.59
     Medical appliance technicians....................................................      13,640    19.45     40,460     17.88
     Ophthalmic laboratory technicians................................................      30,100    16.36     34,030     14.88
    Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders...............................     392,910    15.38     31,990     14.11
    Painting workers..................................................................     152,510    18.82     39,150     17.31
     Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders..........      86,270    17.15     35,670     16.26
     Painters, transportation equipment...............................................      52,880    22.30     46,380     20.12
     Painting, coating, and decorating workers........................................      13,360    15.91     33,090     14.82
    Semiconductor processors..........................................................      23,540    18.68     38,860     17.59
    Photographic process workers and processing machine operators.....................      22,450    15.80     32,870     13.21
    Miscellaneous production workers..................................................     866,540    15.25     31,720     13.80
     Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders...................................      15,860    16.65     34,630     15.72
     Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders............      17,410    15.51     32,270     14.40
     Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders.............................       8,630    16.15     33,590     14.84
     Etchers and engravers............................................................       8,620    16.28     33,860     14.85
     Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic..........................      41,320    16.25     33,810     15.36
     Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders..............................      94,620    19.12     39,770     18.22
     Tire builders....................................................................      21,910    20.18     41,980     19.34
     Helpers--production workers......................................................     402,140    13.50     28,070     12.54
     Production workers, all other....................................................     256,050    15.82     32,910     13.89
                                                                                                                                
Transportation and material moving occupations                                           9,978,390    17.82     37,070     15.19
   Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers..........................     403,620    27.08     56,330     25.82
    Aircraft cargo handling supervisors...............................................       8,270    25.47     52,970     23.15
    First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except 
     aircraft cargo handling supervisors..............................................     395,350    27.11     56,400     25.87
   Air transportation workers.........................................................     273,950     (²)      96,890      (²) 
    Aircraft pilots and flight engineers..............................................     122,570     (²)     138,690      (²) 
     Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers...................................      84,070     (²)     161,280      (²) 
     Commercial pilots................................................................      38,490     (²)      89,350      (²) 
    Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists.......................      32,380    48.68    101,240     46.62
     Air traffic controllers..........................................................      22,790    57.82    120,260     59.87
     Airfield operations specialists..................................................       9,590    26.95     56,060     25.17
    Flight attendants.................................................................     119,000     (²)      52,660      (²) 
   Motor vehicle operators............................................................   4,006,890    18.37     38,210     17.27
    Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians............      15,310    12.85     26,740     11.66
    Bus drivers.......................................................................     683,480    16.83     35,000     15.87
     Bus drivers, transit and intercity...............................................     176,140    20.81     43,290     19.61
     Bus drivers, school or special client............................................     507,340    15.45     32,130     14.93
    Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................................   3,052,680    19.13     39,790     18.08
     Driver/sales workers.............................................................     426,870    13.99     29,090     11.56
     Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers..........................................   1,748,140    21.39     44,500     20.42
     Light truck or delivery services drivers.........................................     877,670    17.12     35,610     15.12
    Taxi drivers and chauffeurs.......................................................     198,470    13.21     27,480     11.96
    Motor vehicle operators, all other................................................      56,950    15.72     32,690     12.81
   Rail transportation workers........................................................     117,940    30.24     62,900     29.03
    Locomotive engineers and operators................................................      42,500    30.72     63,890     28.75
     Locomotive engineers.............................................................      35,680    31.72     65,980     29.32
     Locomotive firers................................................................         670    29.91     62,220     29.02
     Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers..............................       6,140    24.97     51,930     24.11
    Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators......................................      14,190    28.13     58,500     27.53
    Railroad conductors and yardmasters...............................................      44,490    30.47     63,370     28.99
    Subway and streetcar operators....................................................      12,070    30.75     63,950     31.93
    Rail transportation workers, all other............................................       4,690    28.82     59,950     28.21
   Water transportation workers.......................................................      77,120    31.59     65,720     26.73
    Sailors and marine oilers.........................................................      30,940    22.38     46,560     19.58
    Ship and boat captains and operators..............................................      38,290    37.82     78,670     33.14
     Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels.....................................      35,780    38.93     80,970     34.10
     Motorboat operators..............................................................       2,510    22.05     45,870     21.44
    Ship engineers....................................................................       7,890    37.48     77,970     35.15
   Other transportation workers.......................................................     367,320    15.11     31,440     11.77
    Bridge and lock tenders...........................................................       3,240    22.73     47,280     24.15
    Parking lot attendants............................................................     145,400    11.70     24,330     10.97
    Automotive and watercraft service attendants......................................     118,850    12.07     25,100     11.24
    Traffic technicians...............................................................       6,980    23.70     49,290     21.96
    Transportation inspectors.........................................................      30,030    35.44     73,720     34.68
    Transportation attendants, except flight attendants...............................      24,360    15.29     31,800     13.38
    Transportation workers, all other.................................................      38,460    19.25     40,050     17.67
   Material moving workers............................................................   4,731,550    14.58     30,320     13.13
    Conveyor operators and tenders....................................................      26,570    16.58     34,480     15.53
    Crane and tower operators.........................................................      43,660    26.78     55,690     25.10
    Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators.................................      49,190    22.60     47,010     20.65
     Dredge operators.................................................................       1,410    22.28     46,340     20.78
     Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators............................      45,450    22.49     46,780     20.43
     Loading machine operators, underground mining....................................       2,340    24.89     51,780     25.20
    Hoist and winch operators.........................................................       3,080    26.40     54,910     20.77
    Industrial truck and tractor operators............................................     570,300    17.00     35,370     16.17
    Laborers and material movers, hand................................................   3,859,520    13.73     28,550     12.35
     Cleaners of vehicles and equipment...............................................     373,290    12.39     25,770     11.23
     Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand...........................   2,711,320    14.28     29,690     13.00
     Machine feeders and offbearers...................................................      74,350    14.76     30,710     13.70
     Packers and packagers, hand......................................................     700,560    12.22     25,410     11.27
    Pumping station operators.........................................................      26,260    24.84     51,660     24.16
     Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators.................................       3,560    29.79     61,960     30.20
     Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers..........................................      11,500    22.62     47,040     20.91
     Wellhead pumpers.................................................................      11,200    25.54     53,120     25.13
    Refuse and recyclable material collectors.........................................     115,130    18.71     38,920     17.39
    Mine shuttle car operators........................................................       1,550    27.17     56,510     27.35
    Tank car, truck, and ship loaders.................................................      10,300    19.37     40,290     17.72
    Material moving workers, all other................................................      25,990    17.13     35,620     14.23

   1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080
hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from
the reported survey data.

   2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual
salaries depending on how they are typically paid.

   3 Represents a wage equal to or greater than $100.00 per hour.




Last Modified Date: March 30, 2018