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Economic News Release
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OEWS OEWS Program Links

Occupational Employment and Wages News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, April 3, 2024 				  USDL-24-0628

Technical information:  (202) 691-6569  *  oewsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/oes 
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                       OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES -- MAY 2023


Office and administrative support occupations had employment of 18.5 million in May 2023,
representing 12.2 percent of total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. The largest office and administrative support occupations were customer
service representatives (2.9 million) and general office clerks (2.5 million). The annual mean
wage across all office and administrative support occupations was $47,940, compared with the
U.S. average wage of $65,470.

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program provides employment and wage
estimates for about 830 occupations in the nation, states, and approximately 530 areas.
National data are available by industry for approximately 410 industry classifications and by
ownership across all industries and for the educational services and hospitals industries.
This news release features office and administrative support; food preparation and serving
related; and life, physical, and social science occupations, in addition to largest 
occupations and public sector occupations. National employment and wage information for all
occupations is shown in table 1.

Office and administrative support occupations

 --Office and administrative support (18.5 million) was the largest occupational group
   overall, followed by transportation and material moving occupations (13.8 million) and
   sales and related occupations (13.4 million). (See table 1.)

 --The largest office and administrative support occupations were customer service
   representatives (2.9 million), general office clerks (2.5 million), and secretaries and
   administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive (1.8 million). (See table
   1.)

 --The highest paying office and administrative support occupations were executive secretaries
   and executive administrative assistants ($73,680) and first-line supervisors of office and
   administrative support workers ($68,620). These were the only office and administrative
   support occupations with annual mean wages above the U.S. average of $65,470. (See table
   1.)

 --The lowest paying office and administrative support occupations were hotel, motel, and
   resort desk clerks ($32,570) and clerical library assistants ($35,970). (See table 1.)

 --The industries with the highest employment of office and administrative support occupations
   were local government, excluding schools and hospitals (961,360); credit intermediation and
   related activities (842,450); and offices of physicians (759,630).

 --Several of the highest paying industries for office and administrative support occupations
   were related to extracting, transporting, and distributing natural resources, including
   pipeline transportation of crude oil ($79,030), other pipeline transportation ($76,920),
   natural gas distribution ($70,650), and metal ore mining ($70,000).

 --Customer service representatives, the largest office and administrative support occupation,
   had an annual mean wage of $43,520 nationally. (See table 1.) The District of Columbia
   ($56,140) and Washington state ($52,690) had the highest wages for customer service
   representatives. The lowest paying states for this occupation included Mississippi
   ($34,680) and Louisiana ($37,480).

National industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.

State data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm. 

Food preparation and serving related occupations

 --Food preparation and serving related occupations had employment of 13.2 million,
   representing 8.7 percent of U.S. employment. 

 --The largest food preparation and serving related occupations were fast food and counter
   workers (3.7 million), waiters and waitresses (2.2 million), and restaurant cooks (1.4
   million). (See table 1.)

 --The annual mean wage for food preparation and serving related occupations was $34,490,
   making this the lowest paying occupational group. All 17 food preparation and serving
   related occupations had annual mean wages below the U.S. average of $65,470. (See table 1.)

 --The highest paying food preparation and serving related occupation was chefs and head cooks
   ($62,640). The lowest paying occupations in this group included fast food cooks ($29,760)
   and fast food and counter workers ($30,110). (See table 1.)

 --The metropolitan areas with the highest concentrations of food preparation and serving
   related occupations were Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI (18.1 percent of area employment);
   Ocean City, NJ (17.9 percent); and Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC (17.7
   percent).

 --The highest paying metropolitan areas for food preparation and serving related occupations
   were Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA ($47,490), and Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI ($47,200). The
   lowest paying areas included Hattiesburg, MS ($24,480), and Gadsden, AL ($24,770).

Metropolitan area data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm.

Life, physical, and social science occupations

 --Life, physical, and social science occupations had employment of 1.4 million and an annual
   mean wage of $87,870. (See table 1.)

 --The largest life, physical, and social science occupations were medical scientists, except
   epidemiologists (136,620) and occupational health and safety specialists (122,300). (See
   table 1.)

 --The highest paying life, physical, and social science occupations were physicists
   ($158,270) and industrial-organizational psychologists ($154,380). (See table 1.)

 --The lowest paying life, physical, and social science occupations were agricultural
   technicians ($46,810), food science technicians ($54,000), and forest and conservation
   technicians ($54,260). (See table 1.)

 --The industries with the highest employment of life, physical, and social science
   occupations were scientific research and development services (213,600), the federal
   executive branch (148,200), and colleges, universities, and professional schools (119,480).
   These three industries combined accounted for nearly 35 percent of life, physical, and
   social science jobs.

 --Life, physical, and social science occupations made up 3.9 percent of employment in Durham-
   Chapel Hill, NC, compared with less than 1 percent of employment nationally. Metropolitan
   areas with the highest concentrations of life, physical, and social science occupations
   also included Fairbanks, AK (3.3 percent); Ames, IA (3.2 percent); and Charlottesville, VA
   (3.2 percent).

Largest occupations

 --The largest occupations overall were home health and personal care aides, retail
   salespersons, and fast food and counter workers, each with employment of nearly 3.7
   million. (See table 1.) 

 --Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average annual wages, ranging from $30,110
   for fast food and counter workers to $43,560 for general office clerks. (See table 1.) 

 --Of the 10 largest occupations, only registered nurses ($94,480) and general and operations
   managers ($129,330) had above-average annual wages. (See table 1.)

Public sector occupations

 --The public sector made up 14.4 percent of employment and had a different occupational mix
   from the private sector. 

 --Several of the largest public sector occupations were related to education. These
   occupations included elementary school teachers, except special education (public sector
   employment of 1.3 million); teaching assistants, except postsecondary (1.0 million);
   secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education (898,000); and
   middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education (553,390).

 --Outside of the educational instruction and library group, the occupations with the highest
   public sector employment were police and sheriff’s patrol officers (640,320); registered
   nurses (526,150); and janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners (491,130).

Public/private sector ownership data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.




Technical Note

Scope of the survey

  The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey is a semiannual survey
measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm
establishments in the United States. The OEWS data available from the Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS) include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the
nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan
statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific
estimates for North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) sector, 3-digit, most
4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels; and national estimates by ownership
across all industries and for schools and hospitals.
  The OEWS survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the state workforce agencies (SWAs).
BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the SWAs collect
most of the data. OEWS estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million 
establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 181,000 to 189,000 sampled
establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are 
obtained by Internet or other electronic means, mail, email, telephone, or personal visit. The
May 2023 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year
period: May 2023, November 2022, May 2022, November 2021, May 2021, and November 2020. The
unweighted sampled employment of 81.4 million across all six semiannual panels represents 
approximately 55 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for
the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 65.8 percent based on
establishments and 64.3 percent based on weighted sampled employment.

The occupational coding system

  The May 2023 OEWS estimates contain approximately 830 occupational categories based on the
Office of Management and Budget's 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system.
These occupational categories make up 22 of the 23 SOC major occupational groups. Major group
55, Military Specific Occupations, is not included.
  For more information about the SOC system, please see the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc/.

The industry coding system

  The May 2023 OEWS estimates use the 2022 NAICS. For more information about NAICS, see the
BLS website at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.
  The OEWS survey excludes the majority of the agricultural sector, with the exception of
logging (NAICS 113310), support activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and support
activities for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private households (NAICS 814) are also
excluded. OEWS federal government data include the U.S. Postal Service and the federal
executive branch only. All other industries, including state and local government, are covered
by the survey.

Area definitions

  The May 2023 OEWS estimates use the metropolitan area definitions delineated in Office of
Management and Budget (OMB) Bulletin 17-01. Nonmetropolitan area definitions are specific to
the OEWS program and are set in consultation with the state workforce agencies. For more 
information, please see www.bls.gov/oes/current/msa_def.htm.

Survey sample

  The OEWS survey draws its sample from state unemployment insurance (UI) files. Supplemental
sources are used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they do not report to
the UI program. The OEWS survey sample is stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area,
industry, and size.
  To provide the most occupational coverage, larger employers are more likely to be selected
than smaller employers. A census is taken of the executive branch of the federal government,
the U.S. Postal Service, and state government.

Concepts

  Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary employment in an
occupation. The OEWS survey defines employment as the number of workers who can be classified
as full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations or other types of paid 
leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members
of incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units; and employees for whom
the reporting unit is their permanent duty station, regardless of whether that unit prepares
their paycheck. The survey does not include the self-employed, owners and partners in 
unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family workers.
  Wages for the OEWS survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of premium pay. Base rate;
cost-of-living allowances; guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay, including
commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included. Excluded are overtime pay,
severance pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary
benefits, and tuition reimbursements.
  The responding establishments are instructed to report hourly rates for part-time workers
and to report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an annual rate but do
not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, pilots, and flight attendants. Other workers,
such as some entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not work 40 hours
per week, year round. For these workers, only an hourly wage is reported.
  OEWS receives wage rate data for the federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and most
state government, local government, and private sector establishments. For the remaining
establishments without wage rate data, the OEWS survey data were placed into 12 wage
intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the corresponding annual rates,
where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a
typical work year of 2,080 hours.
 
Estimation methodology

  The OEWS survey is designed to produce estimates by combining six panels of data collected
over a 3-year period. Each OEWS panel contains approximately 181,000 to 189,000
establishments. The full six-panel sample of 1.1 million establishments allows the production
of estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry, and occupation.
  The May 2023 estimates were produced by a model-based estimation method using 3 years of
OEWS data (MB3). Under MB3, data provided by survey respondents are used to model occupational
staffing patterns and wages for all unobserved establishments in the population, including
establishments that were not sampled, sampled establishments that did not respond, and
respondents that did not meet stability criteria.
  A donor pool typically consisting of 10 nearest neighbor responding establishments is used
to predict data for each unobserved establishment; if 10 donors are not available, then as few
as 5 can be used. Donors are matched to recipients based on detailed industry, geographic
area, ownership, size, and survey panel. Within a given donor pool, donors that are more
similar to the unobserved establishment are given more weight in determining the modeled data.
  Each establishment's population employment is set as the average of its May 2023 and 
November 2022 employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, the UI database
from which the OEWS sample is drawn. Using adjustment factors derived from the OEWS survey
data, wages collected in earlier survey panels are adjusted to the reference date of the
estimates and donor wages are adjusted for differences between donor and recipient 
characteristics such as geographic area and industry.

For more information

  Answers to frequently asked questions about the OEWS data are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability,
please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.





Table 1.  National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2023
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                          Median
                                     Occupation                                         Employment        Mean wages      hourly
                                                                                                     Hourly    Annual(1)   wages
                                                                                                                                
All occupations                                                                        151,853,870   $31.48    $65,470    $23.11
                                                                                                                                
Management occupations                                                                  10,495,770    66.23    137,750     56.19
   Top executives.....................................................................   3,751,510    65.43    136,100     49.74
    Chief executives..................................................................     211,230   124.47    258,900     99.37
    General and operations managers...................................................   3,507,810    62.18    129,330     48.69
    Legislators.......................................................................      32,460     (²)      68,140      (²)
   Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers...........   1,070,030    76.90    159,960     67.23
    Advertising and promotions managers...............................................      20,630    73.38    152,620     63.40
    Marketing and sales managers......................................................     944,820    77.43    161,040     68.17
     Marketing managers...............................................................     368,940    80.00    166,410     75.78
     Sales managers...................................................................     575,880    75.77    157,610     64.98
    Public relations and fundraising managers.........................................     104,570    72.87    151,570     62.73
     Public relations managers........................................................      72,760    76.65    159,420     64.79
     Fundraising managers.............................................................      31,810    64.24    133,620     57.31
   Operations specialties managers....................................................   2,513,900    74.59    155,150     65.47
    Administrative services and facilities managers...................................     373,920    56.56    117,650     50.44
     Administrative services managers.................................................     242,520    58.27    121,200     51.19
     Facilities managers..............................................................     131,400    53.42    111,110     49.20
    Computer and information systems managers.........................................     592,600    86.88    180,720     81.50
    Financial managers................................................................     787,340    84.05    174,820     75.05
    Industrial production managers....................................................     222,890    60.53    125,900     56.24
    Purchasing managers...............................................................      77,530    70.53    146,710     65.57
    Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................................     198,780    53.79    111,870     47.69
    Compensation and benefits managers................................................      18,690    72.57    150,940     65.57
    Human resources managers..........................................................     200,600    74.39    154,740     65.55
    Training and development managers.................................................      41,540    66.56    138,450     60.12
   Other management occupations.......................................................   3,160,340    56.91    118,370     49.28
    Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers................................       6,150    43.35     90,160     40.27
    Construction managers.............................................................     329,190    56.23    116,960     50.43
    Education and childcare administrators............................................     584,630    51.84    107,830     48.05
     Education and childcare administrators, preschool and daycare....................      64,090    29.48     61,320     26.10
     Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary.........................     302,580     (²)     111,020      (²)
     Education administrators, postsecondary..........................................     167,270    58.66    122,010     49.33
     Education administrators, all other..............................................      50,690    48.42    100,720     42.53
    Architectural and engineering managers............................................     207,800    82.83    172,290     79.50
    Food service managers.............................................................     246,070    33.45     69,580     30.32
    Entertainment and recreation managers.............................................      34,290    41.34     85,980     36.16
     Gambling managers................................................................       4,590    47.24     98,270     39.61
     Entertainment and recreation managers, except gambling...........................      29,690    40.42     84,080     35.32
    Lodging managers..................................................................      41,980    36.92     76,790     31.42
    Medical and health services managers..............................................     515,100    64.64    134,440     53.21
    Natural sciences managers.........................................................      96,520    81.31    169,120     75.84
    Postmasters and mail superintendents..............................................      13,810    43.16     89,770     42.63
    Property, real estate, and community association managers.........................     284,120    37.69     78,400     30.22
    Social and community service managers.............................................     173,650    40.10     83,400     37.03
    Emergency management directors....................................................      11,910    45.05     93,690     40.37
    Personal service managers.........................................................      25,370    36.15     75,190     31.02
     Funeral home managers............................................................      14,200    40.77     84,800     36.37
     Personal service managers, all other.............................................      11,170    30.28     62,980     27.68
    Managers, all other...............................................................     589,750    70.35    146,320     64.21
                                                                                                                                
Business and financial operations occupations                                           10,087,830    43.55     90,580     38.00
   Business operations specialists....................................................   7,048,350    42.33     88,040     37.74
    Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes.................      12,870    63.85    132,810     40.82
    Buyers and purchasing agents......................................................     477,980    37.43     77,850     34.59
    Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........................     302,450    36.43     75,760     36.07
     Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators...................................     293,780    36.43     75,770     36.08
     Insurance appraisers, auto damage................................................       8,670    36.37     75,660     35.83
    Compliance officers...............................................................     383,620    38.55     80,190     36.38
    Cost estimators...................................................................     220,970    38.23     79,520     35.94
    Human resources workers...........................................................     959,230    37.15     77,260     33.42
     Human resources specialists......................................................     895,970    36.57     76,060     32.53
     Farm labor contractors...........................................................         460    24.71     51,400     21.98
     Labor relations specialists......................................................      62,800    45.49     94,620     43.26
    Logisticians and project management specialists...................................   1,176,100    48.55    100,980     45.49
     Logisticians.....................................................................     228,470    40.69     84,640     38.17
     Project management specialists...................................................     947,630    50.44    104,920     47.39
    Management analysts...............................................................     838,140    55.54    115,530     47.80
    Meeting, convention, and event planners...........................................     122,130    29.94     62,280     27.36
    Fundraisers.......................................................................     101,730    34.02     70,760     30.85
    Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists..............................      99,850    38.76     80,620     35.83
    Training and development specialists..............................................     403,480    34.60     71,980     30.94
    Market research analysts and marketing specialists................................     846,370    40.00     83,190     35.90
    Business operations specialists, all other........................................   1,103,440    42.85     89,130     38.26
   Financial specialists..............................................................   3,039,480    46.37     96,460     38.50
    Accountants and auditors..........................................................   1,435,770    43.65     90,780     38.41
    Property appraisers and assessors.................................................      62,090    36.59     76,110     29.63
    Budget analysts...................................................................      47,310    43.69     90,880     40.84
    Credit analysts...................................................................      73,200    45.56     94,750     38.18
    Financial analysts and advisors...................................................     753,990    59.29    123,330     46.85
     Financial and investment analysts................................................     325,220    54.30    112,950     47.60
     Personal financial advisors......................................................     272,190    72.44    150,670     47.88
     Insurance underwriters...........................................................     101,310    41.16     85,610     37.44
     Financial risk specialists.......................................................      55,290    57.19    118,950     51.01
    Financial examiners...............................................................      63,440    47.18     98,140     40.53
    Credit counselors and loan officers...............................................     349,040    39.43     82,000     31.39
     Credit counselors................................................................      27,950    25.69     53,440     23.35
     Loan officers....................................................................     321,090    40.62     84,490     33.65
    Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents.......................     131,910    29.28     60,900     26.00
     Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents.................................      50,250    31.43     65,370     28.14
     Tax preparers....................................................................      81,650    27.96     58,160     23.56
    Financial specialists, all other..................................................     122,730    43.10     89,650     37.65
                                                                                                                                
Computer and mathematical occupations                                                    5,177,400    54.39    113,140     50.10
   Computer occupations...............................................................   4,804,840    54.46    113,270     50.20
    Computer and information analysts.................................................     674,170    55.01    114,420     50.88
     Computer systems analysts........................................................     498,810    53.27    110,800     49.90
     Information security analysts....................................................     175,350    59.97    124,740     57.87
    Computer and information research scientists......................................      35,210    75.56    157,160     69.75
    Computer support specialists......................................................     848,420    31.95     66,450     29.24
     Computer network support specialists.............................................     158,720    37.81     78,640     34.39
     Computer user support specialists................................................     689,700    30.60     63,640     28.48
    Database and network administrators and architects................................     633,180    54.67    113,710     50.83
     Computer network architects......................................................     174,100    64.39    133,930     62.42
     Database administrators..........................................................      76,140    50.39    104,810     48.80
     Database architects..............................................................      59,920    65.88    137,030     64.76
     Network and computer systems administrators......................................     323,020    48.36    100,580     45.84
    Software and web developers, programmers, and testers.............................   2,176,710    62.74    130,500     61.11
     Computer programmers.............................................................     120,370    51.80    107,750     47.94
     Software developers..............................................................   1,656,880    66.40    138,110     63.59
     Software quality assurance analysts and testers..................................     203,040    52.15    108,460     48.94
     Web developers...................................................................      85,350    45.95     95,570     40.84
     Web and digital interface designers..............................................     111,060    52.32    108,820     47.37
    Computer occupations, all other...................................................     437,170    54.05    112,430     50.44
   Mathematical science occupations...................................................     372,550    53.53    111,340     48.78
    Actuaries.........................................................................      25,470    63.70    132,500     57.69
    Mathematicians....................................................................       2,220    57.58    119,770     55.98
    Operations research analysts......................................................     117,880    45.96     95,600     40.21
    Statisticians.....................................................................      29,950    52.50    109,190     50.05
    Data scientists...................................................................     192,710    57.23    119,040     51.93
    Mathematical science occupations, all other.......................................       4,320    40.06     83,330     33.95
                                                                                                                            
Architecture and engineering occupations                                                 2,539,660    47.64     99,090     43.95
   Architects, surveyors, and cartographers...........................................     194,610    43.48     90,430     38.87
    Architects, except naval..........................................................     131,540    47.05     97,860     41.25
     Architects, except landscape and naval...........................................     111,170    48.27    100,400     44.86
     Landscape architects.............................................................      20,370    40.38     83,990     38.13
    Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists...................................      63,070    36.03     74,940     34.04
     Cartographers and photogrammetrists..............................................      12,330    37.89     78,810     36.64
     Surveyors........................................................................      50,740    35.58     74,000     32.95
   Engineers..........................................................................   1,703,700    53.79    111,890     49.36
    Aerospace engineers...............................................................      66,660    64.58    134,330     62.85
    Agricultural engineers............................................................       1,860    44.95     93,490     42.67
    Bioengineers and biomedical engineers.............................................      19,320    51.30    106,700     48.43
    Chemical engineers................................................................      21,140    59.09    122,910     53.90
    Civil engineers...................................................................     327,950    48.64    101,160     46.10
    Computer hardware engineers.......................................................      82,660    71.04    147,770     66.38
    Electrical and electronics engineers..............................................     281,840    57.65    119,910     52.41
     Electrical engineers.............................................................     185,430    56.58    117,680     51.42
     Electronics engineers, except computer...........................................      96,410    59.71    124,190     57.31
    Environmental engineers...........................................................      39,880    50.89    105,840     48.12
    Industrial engineers, including health and safety.................................     355,380    49.76    103,510     47.84
     Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors.......      22,510    52.28    108,740     49.85
     Industrial engineers.............................................................     332,870    49.59    103,150     47.78
    Marine engineers and naval architects.............................................       9,960    51.98    108,110     48.21
    Materials engineers...............................................................      24,630    53.09    110,430     50.05
    Mechanical engineers..............................................................     281,290    50.59    105,220     47.84
    Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers................       7,040    50.70    105,460     48.39
    Nuclear engineers.................................................................      12,710    61.03    126,950     60.32
    Petroleum engineers...............................................................      20,390    71.44    148,590     65.23
    Engineers, all other..............................................................     150,990    56.90    118,350     53.83
   Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians.........................     641,350    32.55     67,700     30.34
    Drafters..........................................................................     193,180    32.13     66,840     30.06
     Architectural and civil drafters.................................................     111,070    31.25     65,000     29.72
     Electrical and electronics drafters..............................................      20,680    35.15     73,110     33.30
     Mechanical drafters..............................................................      44,850    33.62     69,920     30.80
     Drafters, all other..............................................................      16,580    30.28     62,980     28.49
    Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters........................     392,120    33.69     70,080     31.17
     Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians...............      10,640    39.08     81,280     37.42
     Civil engineering technologists and technicians..................................      63,560    30.66     63,770     29.18
     Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians..............      97,420    35.79     74,440     35.00
     Electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologists and technicians................      15,360    34.82     72,430     31.29
     Environmental engineering technologists and technicians..........................      13,780    28.26     58,780     25.96
     Industrial engineering technologists and technicians.............................      73,020    32.04     66,640     30.10
     Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians.............................      38,930    32.69     67,990     30.78
     Calibration technologists and technicians........................................      13,220    32.39     67,360     30.19
     Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters, all other............      66,200    36.20     75,290     35.34
    Surveying and mapping technicians.................................................      56,050    26.00     54,090     23.53
                                                                                                                                
Life, physical, and social science occupations                                           1,389,430    42.24     87,870     37.63
   Life scientists....................................................................     352,000    48.38    100,630     42.60
    Agricultural and food scientists..................................................      32,360    39.87     82,930     36.73
     Animal scientists................................................................       2,460    43.01     89,450     33.72
     Food scientists and technologists................................................      14,100    42.48     88,350     39.47
     Soil and plant scientists........................................................      15,800    37.06     77,080     32.81
    Biological scientists.............................................................     133,050    48.29    100,440     44.13
     Biochemists and biophysicists....................................................      33,180    57.84    120,310     51.66
     Microbiologists..................................................................      21,540    44.89     93,380     41.09
     Zoologists and wildlife biologists...............................................      17,100    36.41     75,740     33.94
     Biological scientists, all other.................................................      61,220    47.62     99,060     43.80
    Conservation scientists and foresters.............................................      32,240    34.82     72,430     32.84
     Conservation scientists..........................................................      22,790    35.17     73,160     33.05
     Foresters........................................................................       9,450    33.98     70,680     32.37
    Medical scientists................................................................     146,850    53.29    110,850     48.07
     Epidemiologists..................................................................      10,230    43.48     90,430     39.13
     Medical scientists, except epidemiologists.......................................     136,620    54.03    112,380     48.50
    Life scientists, all other........................................................       7,490    48.81    101,520     41.80
   Physical scientists................................................................     254,410    48.61    101,110     42.96
    Astronomers and physicists........................................................      20,430    74.66    155,280     71.89
     Astronomers......................................................................       2,080    61.99    128,940     61.50
     Physicists.......................................................................      18,350    76.09    158,270     74.85
    Atmospheric and space scientists..................................................       9,310    48.81    101,530     44.65
    Chemists and materials scientists.................................................      92,350    46.72     97,170     41.91
     Chemists.........................................................................      83,530    45.94     95,560     40.71
     Materials scientists.............................................................       8,810    54.06    112,440     51.04
    Environmental scientists and geoscientists........................................     111,500    43.78     91,060     39.11
     Environmental scientists and specialists, including health.......................      80,730    41.69     86,710     37.97
     Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers...............................      24,620    50.00    104,000     44.51
     Hydrologists.....................................................................       6,150    46.35     96,410     42.68
    Physical scientists, all other....................................................      20,820    57.24    119,050     53.98
   Social scientists and related workers..............................................     273,230    47.72     99,260     43.00
    Economists........................................................................      16,420    63.78    132,650     55.64
    Survey researchers................................................................       8,190    32.05     66,670     29.31
    Psychologists.....................................................................     150,030    48.64    101,170     44.59
     Industrial-organizational psychologists..........................................       1,030    74.22    154,380     70.87
     Clinical and counseling psychologists............................................      71,730    51.25    106,600     46.20
     School psychologists.............................................................      62,790    44.22     91,990     40.84
     Psychologists, all other.........................................................      14,480    53.03    110,300     56.61
    Sociologists......................................................................       2,890    51.31    106,710     48.93
    Urban and regional planners.......................................................      42,690    41.32     85,940     39.33
    Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers...............................      53,010    47.53     98,860     43.85
     Anthropologists and archeologists................................................       7,720    33.55     69,780     30.67
     Geographers......................................................................       1,460    44.45     92,460     43.69
     Historians.......................................................................       3,040    36.60     76,120     35.04
     Political scientists.............................................................       5,580    63.47    132,020     63.63
     Social scientists and related workers, all other.................................      35,210    49.14    102,210     46.10
   Life, physical, and social science technicians.....................................     360,210    28.83     59,970     25.82
    Agricultural and food science technicians.........................................      28,340    24.36     50,660     22.60
     Agricultural technicians.........................................................      13,150    22.50     46,810     20.76
     Food science technicians.........................................................      15,190    25.96     54,000     23.60
    Biological technicians............................................................      76,990    27.18     56,540     24.73
    Chemical technicians..............................................................      55,880    29.29     60,920     27.29
    Environmental science and geoscience technicians..................................      44,240    28.45     59,170     24.63
     Environmental science and protection technicians, including health...............      32,390    27.63     57,470     24.35
     Geological technicians, except hydrologic technicians............................       8,860    31.05     64,590     25.21
     Hydrologic technicians...........................................................       3,000    29.57     61,500     26.87
    Nuclear technicians...............................................................       5,400    46.88     97,520     48.92
    Social science research assistants................................................      30,890    29.99     62,370     27.11
    Forest and conservation technicians...............................................      28,740    26.09     54,260     24.94
    Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians......................      89,740    30.95     64,380     28.75
     Forensic science technicians.....................................................      17,520    34.40     71,540     31.22
     Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other........................      72,230    30.12     62,640     28.05
   Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians.........................     149,570    39.27     81,690     37.30
    Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........................     149,570    39.27     81,690     37.30
     Occupational health and safety specialists.......................................     122,300    41.14     85,570     39.01
     Occupational health and safety technicians.......................................      27,270    30.89     64,250     27.85

Community and social service occupations                                                 2,418,130    28.36     58,980     25.00
   Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists.....   2,326,360    28.32     58,910     24.98
    Counselors........................................................................     909,190    29.71     61,790     27.15
     Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors........................     327,660    32.21     66,990     29.67
     Marriage and family therapists...................................................      63,340    33.04     68,730     28.13
     Rehabilitation counselors........................................................      84,750    23.28     48,430     21.17
     Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors...............     397,880    28.89     60,080     25.82
     Counselors, all other............................................................      35,580    25.17     52,360     22.18
    Social workers....................................................................     710,320    30.23     62,880     28.07
     Child, family, and school social workers.........................................     352,160    28.46     59,190     25.93
     Healthcare social workers........................................................     185,020    32.42     67,430     30.26
     Mental health and substance abuse social workers.................................     114,680    30.71     63,870     26.90
     Social workers, all other........................................................      58,460    33.08     68,800     30.66
    Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............................     706,840    24.62     51,210     22.24
     Health education specialists.....................................................      57,800    33.55     69,790     30.22
     Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists........................      85,870    32.64     67,880     29.71
     Social and human service assistants..............................................     409,310    21.27     44,240     19.91
     Community health workers.........................................................      58,550    25.30     52,610     23.17
     Community and social service specialists, all other..............................      95,310    25.97     54,020     23.89
   Religious workers..................................................................      91,770    29.23     60,800     26.05
    Clergy............................................................................      56,640    30.64     63,720     28.33
    Directors, religious activities and education.....................................      23,270    29.68     61,740     24.11
    Religious workers, all other......................................................      11,870    21.66     45,050     18.25

Legal occupations                                                                        1,240,630    64.34    133,820     47.70
   Lawyers, judges, and related workers...............................................     792,220    82.44    171,480     67.46
    Lawyers and judicial law clerks...................................................     746,020    83.79    174,280     68.48
     Lawyers..........................................................................     731,340    84.84    176,470     70.08
     Judicial law clerks..............................................................      14,680    31.19     64,880     27.64
    Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers...................................      46,200    60.71    126,270     57.76
     Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers....................      14,670    57.67    119,940     53.41
     Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators.........................................       7,060    45.85     95,370     34.39
     Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates.......................................      24,470    66.83    139,000     71.59
   Legal support workers..............................................................     448,410    32.35     67,290     29.18
    Paralegals and legal assistants...................................................     354,890    31.95     66,460     29.31
    Miscellaneous legal support workers...............................................      93,520    33.87     70,440     28.55
     Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers......................................      49,760    28.58     59,440     25.74
     Legal support workers, all other.................................................      43,760    39.89     82,960     32.55

Educational instruction and library occupations                                          8,744,560    31.92     66,400     28.82
   Postsecondary teachers.............................................................   1,394,110     (²)     101,750      (²)
    Business teachers, postsecondary..................................................      82,980     (²)     113,240      (²)
    Math and computer science teachers, postsecondary.................................      84,380     (²)     100,060      (²)
     Computer science teachers, postsecondary.........................................      36,150     (²)     106,380      (²)
     Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.....................................      48,230     (²)      95,320      (²)
    Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary..............................      46,710     (²)     119,600      (²)
     Architecture teachers, postsecondary.............................................       8,350     (²)     114,900      (²)
     Engineering teachers, postsecondary..............................................      38,370     (²)     120,630      (²)
    Life sciences teachers, postsecondary.............................................      60,860     (²)     101,440      (²)
     Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary....................................       7,550     (²)      95,610      (²)
     Biological science teachers, postsecondary.......................................      52,050     (²)     102,270      (²)
     Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary........................       1,260     (²)     102,230      (²)
    Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary.........................................      53,130     (²)     105,600      (²)
     Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary...........      11,770     (²)     111,930      (²)
     Chemistry teachers, postsecondary................................................      20,210     (²)     102,630      (²)
     Environmental science teachers, postsecondary....................................       7,120     (²)     100,910      (²)
     Physics teachers, postsecondary..................................................      14,030     (²)     106,950      (²)
    Social sciences teachers, postsecondary...........................................     119,750     (²)     100,790      (²)
     Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary..............................       5,030     (²)     103,640      (²)
     Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary.......................      11,570     (²)     100,390      (²)
     Economics teachers, postsecondary................................................      12,210     (²)     133,650      (²)
     Geography teachers, postsecondary................................................       3,480     (²)      97,660      (²)
     Political science teachers, postsecondary........................................      17,090     (²)     104,910      (²)
     Psychology teachers, postsecondary...............................................      40,610     (²)      93,990      (²)
     Sociology teachers, postsecondary................................................      12,870     (²)      97,580      (²)
     Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other...............................      16,900     (²)      91,710      (²)
    Health teachers, postsecondary....................................................     298,060     (²)     122,760      (²)
     Health specialties teachers, postsecondary.......................................     225,360     (²)     134,440      (²)
     Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary..................................      72,700     (²)      86,530      (²)
    Education and library science teachers, postsecondary.............................      65,090     (²)      81,230      (²)
     Education teachers, postsecondary................................................      60,860     (²)      80,750      (²)
     Library science teachers, postsecondary..........................................       4,220     (²)      88,190      (²)
    Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary....................      39,700     (²)     104,340      (²)
     Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary.....................      13,390     (²)      83,470      (²)
     Law teachers, postsecondary......................................................      14,570     (²)     142,440      (²)
     Social work teachers, postsecondary..............................................      11,730     (²)      80,840      (²)
    Arts, communications, history, and humanities teachers, postsecondary.............     249,370     (²)      93,950      (²)
     Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary....................................     101,500     (²)     100,840      (²)
     Communications teachers, postsecondary...........................................      28,520     (²)      90,950      (²)
     English language and literature teachers, postsecondary..........................      57,600     (²)      87,090      (²)
     Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary..........................      20,820     (²)      88,490      (²)
     History teachers, postsecondary..................................................      20,610     (²)      93,120      (²)
     Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary..................................      20,320     (²)      89,680      (²)
    Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers..............................................     294,080     (²)      85,400      (²)
     Family and consumer sciences teachers, postsecondary.............................       2,660     (²)      89,630      (²)
     Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary...........................      13,270     (²)      87,340      (²)
     Career/technical education teachers, postsecondary...............................     111,180    32.84     68,300     29.84
     Postsecondary teachers, all other................................................     166,980     (²)      96,570      (²)
   Preschool, elementary, middle, secondary, and special education teachers...........   4,261,430     (²)      68,890      (²)
    Preschool and kindergarten teachers...............................................     548,820    22.65     47,110     18.91
     Preschool teachers, except special education.....................................     430,240    19.91     41,410     17.85
     Kindergarten teachers, except special education..................................     118,580     (²)      67,790      (²)
    Elementary and middle school teachers.............................................   2,048,970     (²)      70,950      (²)
     Elementary school teachers, except special education.............................   1,410,070     (²)      70,740      (²)
     Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education............     626,690     (²)      71,460      (²)
     Career/technical education teachers, middle school...............................      12,210     (²)      69,020      (²)
    Secondary school teachers.........................................................   1,135,230     (²)      73,570      (²)
     Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education.........   1,045,170     (²)      73,800      (²)
     Career/technical education teachers, secondary school............................      90,070     (²)      70,810      (²)
    Special education teachers........................................................     528,400     (²)      73,520      (²)
     Special education teachers, preschool............................................      24,850     (²)      76,420      (²)
     Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school...................     212,850     (²)      71,770      (²)
     Special education teachers, middle school........................................      88,850     (²)      73,630      (²)
     Special education teachers, secondary school.....................................     158,150     (²)      74,670      (²)
     Special education teachers, all other............................................      43,700     (²)      76,000      (²)
   Other teachers and instructors.....................................................   1,034,120    24.35     50,650     20.05
    Adult basic education, adult secondary education, and English as a second                                                   
     language instructors.............................................................      36,890    31.46     65,430     29.11
    Self-enrichment teachers..........................................................     272,110    25.43     52,890     21.79
    Substitute teachers, short-term...................................................     444,530    20.95     43,570     17.97
    Tutors............................................................................     162,300    23.36     48,580     19.03
    Teachers and instructors, all other...............................................     118,290     (²)      70,340      (²)
   Librarians, curators, and archivists...............................................     242,750    28.69     59,680     26.66
    Archivists, curators, and museum technicians......................................      32,330    30.51     63,460     27.46
     Archivists.......................................................................       7,150    31.59     65,700     28.80
     Curators.........................................................................      12,510    34.07     70,870     29.69
     Museum technicians and conservators..............................................      12,670    26.39     54,890     23.40
    Librarians and media collections specialists......................................     133,760    32.97     68,570     30.95
    Library technicians...............................................................      76,670    20.46     42,570     18.90
   Other educational instruction and library occupations..............................   1,812,160     (²)      43,220      (²)
    Farm and home management educators................................................       8,110    29.53     61,430     28.73
    Instructional coordinators........................................................     207,270    37.12     77,200     35.87
    Teaching assistants...............................................................   1,483,280     (²)      37,470      (²)
     Teaching assistants, postsecondary...............................................     145,960     (²)      47,030      (²)
     Teaching assistants, except postsecondary........................................   1,337,320     (²)      36,430      (²)
    Educational instruction and library workers, all other............................     113,490    26.40     54,910     23.94

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations                               2,106,490    36.31     75,520     28.33
   Art and design workers.............................................................     675,630    31.34     65,190     24.84
    Artists and related workers.......................................................     105,300    51.82    107,780     46.22
     Art directors....................................................................      51,200    60.54    125,920     51.20
     Craft artists....................................................................       5,830    20.97     43,610     17.59
     Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators....................      10,910    34.34     71,420     28.51
     Special effects artists and animators............................................      29,940    52.71    109,630     47.63
     Artists and related workers, all other...........................................       7,420    37.93     78,890     35.94
    Designers.........................................................................     570,330    27.56     57,320     22.92
     Commercial and industrial designers..............................................      30,810    39.36     81,870     36.66
     Fashion designers................................................................      19,940    46.65     97,030     38.12
     Floral designers.................................................................      43,350    17.07     35,500     16.68
     Graphic designers................................................................     212,720    31.11     64,700     28.32
     Interior designers...............................................................      67,760    32.95     68,530     30.05
     Merchandise displayers and window trimmers.......................................     175,790    18.77     39,040     17.42
     Set and exhibit designers........................................................      10,090    32.29     67,170     28.60
     Designers, all other.............................................................       9,880    36.52     75,960     32.45
   Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers............................     569,670    41.02     85,310     25.65
    Actors, producers, and directors..................................................     217,020    48.49    100,860     36.54
     Actors...........................................................................      62,560    41.01      (²)       20.50
     Producers and directors..........................................................     154,470    51.52    107,170     39.67
    Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers...................................     268,750     (²)      72,950      (²)
     Athletes and sports competitors..................................................      14,930     (²)     328,830      (²)
     Coaches and scouts...............................................................     238,980     (²)      58,700      (²)
     Umpires, referees, and other sports officials....................................      14,840     (²)      44,860      (²)
    Dancers and choreographers........................................................      15,700    29.25     60,840     24.95
     Dancers..........................................................................      11,510    29.56      (²)       24.95
     Choreographers...................................................................       4,190    28.41     59,090     25.00
    Musicians, singers, and related workers...........................................      46,280    49.46      (²)       37.48
     Music directors and composers....................................................      10,770    42.23     87,840     30.09
     Musicians and singers............................................................      35,520    51.65      (²)       39.14
    Miscellaneous entertainers and performers, sports and related workers.............      21,910    30.47      (²)       20.38
     Disc jockeys, except radio.......................................................       7,190    31.39      (²)       20.00
     Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other...............      14,720    30.03      (²)       20.91
   Media and communication workers....................................................     625,940    39.13     81,400     31.88
    Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys.......................................      25,070    41.81     86,950     21.58
    News analysts, reporters, and journalists.........................................      45,020    48.76    101,430     27.64
    Public relations specialists......................................................     275,550    37.37     77,720     32.09
    Writers and editors...............................................................     193,130    41.40     86,120     36.55
     Editors..........................................................................      95,700    40.92     85,110     36.07
     Technical writers................................................................      47,970    41.64     86,620     38.49
     Writers and authors..............................................................      49,450    42.11     87,590     35.43
    Miscellaneous media and communication workers.....................................      87,180    33.95     70,620     29.06
     Interpreters and translators.....................................................      51,560    30.33     63,080     27.45
     Court reporters and simultaneous captioners......................................      12,390    34.15     71,040     30.74
     Media and communication workers, all other.......................................      23,230    41.89     87,140     29.76
   Media and communication equipment workers..........................................     235,240    31.67     65,880     25.89
    Broadcast, sound, and lighting technicians........................................     117,010    31.26     65,010     26.04
     Audio and video technicians......................................................      66,700    28.49     59,260     24.83
     Broadcast technicians............................................................      26,190    34.43     71,600     27.74
     Sound engineering technicians....................................................      14,600    35.62     74,100     28.57
     Lighting technicians.............................................................       9,520    35.22     73,250     29.92
    Photographers.....................................................................      53,630    25.67     53,380     19.60
    Television, video, and film camera operators and editors..........................      53,180    37.62     78,260     31.28
     Camera operators, television, video, and film....................................      23,940    34.56     71,890     29.71
     Film and video editors...........................................................      29,240    40.13     83,470     32.02
    Media and communication equipment workers, all other..............................      11,430    36.47     75,860     34.30
                                                                                                                                
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations                                       9,284,210    49.07    102,060     38.86
   Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners....................................   6,151,910    60.00    124,800     47.48
    Chiropractors.....................................................................      41,480    43.15     89,760     36.79
    Dentists..........................................................................     138,680    96.57    200,870     82.17
     Dentists, general................................................................     121,640    92.19    191,750     79.95
     Oral and maxillofacial surgeons..................................................       4,160   160.73    334,310      (³)
     Orthodontists....................................................................       6,400   117.13    243,620      (³)
     Prosthodontists..................................................................         570   115.75    240,750    112.50
     Dentists, all other specialists..................................................       5,920   117.53    244,470    109.47
    Dietitians and nutritionists......................................................      73,860    34.27     71,280     33.50
    Optometrists......................................................................      41,390    68.75    143,000     63.39
    Pharmacists.......................................................................     331,700    64.81    134,790     65.40
    Physician assistants..............................................................     145,740    62.74    130,490     62.51
    Podiatrists.......................................................................       9,470    78.14    162,520     68.10
    Therapists........................................................................     744,240    44.55     92,670     43.46
     Occupational therapists..........................................................     144,840    46.54     96,790     46.33
     Physical therapists..............................................................     240,820    48.29    100,440     47.94
     Radiation therapists.............................................................      16,640    50.20    104,420     47.26
     Recreational therapists..........................................................      15,540    29.28     60,910     27.46
     Respiratory therapists...........................................................     129,750    38.62     80,340     37.48
     Speech-language pathologists.....................................................     172,100    44.53     92,630     42.93
     Exercise physiologists...........................................................       8,060    27.43     57,050     26.38
     Therapists, all other............................................................      16,490    36.38     75,660     30.60
    Veterinarians.....................................................................      78,220    65.53    136,300     57.26
    Registered nurses.................................................................   3,175,390    45.42     94,480     41.38
    Nurse anesthetists................................................................      47,810   102.98    214,200    102.24
    Nurse midwives....................................................................       6,960    63.26    131,570     62.33
    Nurse practitioners...............................................................     280,140    61.78    128,490     60.70
    Audiologists......................................................................      13,880    44.53     92,620     42.19
    Physicians........................................................................     716,950   126.85    263,840      (³)
     Anesthesiologists................................................................      33,470   163.21    339,470      (³)
     Cardiologists....................................................................      15,190   203.49    423,250      (³)
     Dermatologists...................................................................      12,040   164.84    342,860      (³)
     Emergency medicine physicians....................................................      35,100   147.42    306,640      (³)
     Family medicine physicians.......................................................     112,010   115.77    240,790    108.00
     General internal medicine physicians.............................................      67,210   118.01    245,450    107.36
     Neurologists.....................................................................       9,350   130.51    271,470      (³)
     Obstetricians and gynecologists..................................................      19,820   133.97    278,660      (³)
     Pediatricians, general...........................................................      34,870    98.97    205,860     95.53
     Physicians, pathologists.........................................................      11,020   130.08    270,560      (³)
     Psychiatrists....................................................................      24,830   123.53    256,930      (³)
     Radiologists.....................................................................      31,960   170.17    353,960      (³)
     Physicians, all other............................................................     310,080   119.54    248,640    113.46
    Surgeons..........................................................................      53,900   167.74    348,890      (³)
     Ophthalmologists, except pediatric...............................................      11,530   150.06    312,120      (³)
     Orthopedic surgeons, except pediatric............................................      14,820   181.85    378,250      (³)
     Pediatric surgeons...............................................................       1,180   216.02    449,320      (³)
     Surgeons, all other..............................................................      26,370   165.38    343,990      (³)
    Miscellaneous healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners.....................     252,100    45.13     93,870     42.91
     Acupuncturists...................................................................       9,370    40.51     84,260     37.60
     Dental hygienists................................................................     211,630    43.21     89,890     42.08
     Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other.......................      31,100    59.54    123,840     51.92
   Health technologists and technicians...............................................   3,010,670    27.38     56,950     24.64
    Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians.................................     334,380    30.22     62,870     29.22
    Diagnostic related technologists and technicians..................................     421,410    38.32     79,710     37.66
     Cardiovascular technologists and technicians.....................................      55,660    33.79     70,270     31.81
     Diagnostic medical sonographers..................................................      82,780    42.80     89,020     40.61
     Nuclear medicine technologists...................................................      16,560    45.71     95,080     44.47
     Radiologic technologists and technicians.........................................     221,170    36.18     75,250     35.29
     Magnetic resonance imaging technologists.........................................      41,340    41.64     86,600     40.26
     Medical dosimetrists.............................................................       3,900    63.39    131,850     63.88
    Emergency medical technicians and paramedics......................................     265,810    23.28     48,430     21.53
     Emergency medical technicians....................................................     167,040    20.72     43,100     18.72
     Paramedics.......................................................................      98,770    27.62     57,450     25.57
    Health practitioner support technologists and technicians.........................     906,180    21.98     45,720     20.74
     Dietetic technicians.............................................................      24,240    18.48     38,440     17.56
     Pharmacy technicians.............................................................     460,280    20.83     43,330     19.37
     Psychiatric technicians..........................................................     115,940    20.99     43,650     19.09
     Surgical technologists...........................................................     110,320    29.93     62,250     29.14
     Veterinary technologists and technicians.........................................     122,000    21.18     44,040     21.03
     Ophthalmic medical technicians...................................................      73,390    21.30     44,290     20.09
    Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses.................................     630,250    29.23     60,790     28.72
    Medical records specialists.......................................................     185,690    25.81     53,690     23.45
    Opticians, dispensing.............................................................      76,770    22.86     47,560     21.23
    Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................................     190,180    26.84     55,830     23.08
     Orthotists and prosthetists......................................................       8,820    38.70     80,500     37.55
     Hearing aid specialists..........................................................      10,250    29.59     61,550     28.21
     Health technologists and technicians, all other..................................     171,110    26.07     54,220     22.82
   Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations...........................     121,640    32.84     68,300     29.34
    Health information technologists and medical registrars...........................      34,430    33.78     70,260     30.28
    Miscellaneous health practitioners and technical workers..........................      87,210    32.46     67,520     29.05
     Athletic trainers................................................................      28,480     (²)      61,540      (²)
     Genetic counselors...............................................................       3,050    47.18     98,130     46.05
     Surgical assistants..............................................................      18,780    31.34     65,190     28.44
     Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other........................      36,900    34.04     70,800     30.59
                                                                                                                               
Healthcare support occupations                                                           7,063,530    18.37     38,220     17.38
   Home health and personal care aides; and nursing assistants, orderlies, and                                                  
    psychiatric aides.................................................................   5,122,130    16.89     35,120     16.62
    Home health and personal care aides...............................................   3,689,350    16.05     33,380     16.12
    Nursing assistants, orderlies, and psychiatric aides..............................   1,432,790    19.04     39,600     18.34
     Nursing assistants...............................................................   1,351,760    19.04     39,610     18.36
     Orderlies........................................................................      48,710    18.48     38,440     17.71
     Psychiatric aides................................................................      32,310    19.71     41,000     18.83
   Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides...................     196,900    28.45     59,180     29.25
    Occupational therapy assistants and aides.........................................      50,520    31.68     65,880     31.47
     Occupational therapy assistants..................................................      46,090    32.78     68,170     32.22
     Occupational therapy aides.......................................................       4,430    20.22     42,060     17.77
    Physical therapist assistants and aides...........................................     146,380    27.34     56,870     28.24
     Physical therapist assistants....................................................     104,000    31.66     65,860     30.81
     Physical therapist aides.........................................................      42,390    16.74     34,810     16.11
   Other healthcare support occupations...............................................   1,744,490    21.60     44,930     20.83
    Massage therapists................................................................      92,650    30.08     62,560     26.59
    Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations......................................   1,651,840    21.13     43,940     20.62
     Dental assistants................................................................     370,690    22.77     47,350     22.38
     Medical assistants...............................................................     763,040    20.84     43,350     20.19
     Medical equipment preparers......................................................      66,790    22.79     47,410     21.77
     Medical transcriptionists........................................................      52,420    18.79     39,090     17.82
     Pharmacy aides...................................................................      43,830    18.74     38,980     17.41
     Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers...........................     115,770    17.94     37,310     17.52
     Phlebotomists....................................................................     137,080    20.74     43,130     20.10
     Healthcare support workers, all other............................................     102,230    22.60     47,010     21.39
                                                                                                                                
Protective service occupations                                                           3,504,330    27.74     57,710     22.96
   Supervisors of protective service workers..........................................     359,050    42.17     87,710     39.06
    First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers.................................     190,410    47.11     98,000     45.10
     First-line supervisors of correctional officers..................................      52,280    36.94     76,840     33.91
     First-line supervisors of police and detectives..................................     138,140    50.96    106,000     48.92
    First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers.....................      84,120    43.63     90,740     41.45
    Miscellaneous first-line supervisors, protective service workers..................      84,510    29.57     61,500     27.69
     First-line supervisors of security workers.......................................      64,900    28.64     59,580     26.24
     First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other..................      19,620    32.63     67,870     31.28
   Firefighting and prevention workers................................................     331,940    29.49     61,340     27.84
    Firefighters......................................................................     315,460    29.03     60,390     27.46
    Fire inspectors...................................................................      16,470    38.25     79,550     34.34
     Fire inspectors and investigators................................................      14,200    39.67     82,510     35.65
     Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists................................       2,270    29.37     61,090     26.00
   Law enforcement workers............................................................   1,136,430    34.80     72,370     31.75
    Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers......................................     367,320    28.27     58,790     25.62
     Bailiffs.........................................................................      15,900    28.11     58,460     25.50
     Correctional officers and jailers................................................     351,420    28.27     58,810     25.63
    Detectives and criminal investigators.............................................     106,730    46.12     95,930     43.80
    Fish and game wardens.............................................................       6,290    29.38     61,120     29.03
    Parking enforcement workers.......................................................       7,420    24.25     50,430     22.52
    Police officers...................................................................     648,670    36.80     76,550     34.74
     Police and sheriff's patrol officers.............................................     646,310    36.80     76,550     34.75
     Transit and railroad police......................................................       2,360    37.61     78,230     34.73
   Other protective service workers...................................................   1,676,920    19.53     40,620     17.75
    Animal control workers............................................................      11,600    23.15     48,150     20.75
    Private detectives and investigators..............................................      34,600    28.98     60,270     23.82
    Security guards and gambling surveillance officers................................   1,213,610    19.45     40,460     17.83
     Gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators........................      10,660    20.41     42,460     18.85
     Security guards..................................................................   1,202,940    19.44     40,440     17.82
    Miscellaneous protective service workers..........................................     417,110    18.88     39,270     17.18
     Crossing guards and flaggers.....................................................      90,780    19.54     40,650     17.48
     Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers........     123,560    15.07     31,340     14.60
     Transportation security screeners................................................      47,950    24.54     51,040     24.05
     School bus monitors..............................................................      72,320    16.33     33,970     15.93
     Protective service workers, all other............................................      82,500    22.80     47,420     18.93
                                                                                                                                
Food preparation and serving related occupations                                        13,247,870    16.58     34,490     15.50
   Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers................................   1,348,910    22.01     45,780     19.69
    Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers...............................   1,348,910    22.01     45,780     19.69
     Chefs and head cooks.............................................................     172,370    30.12     62,640     28.33
     First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers...................   1,176,540    20.82     43,310     18.52
   Cooks and food preparation workers.................................................   3,546,860    16.35     34,010     16.36
    Cooks.............................................................................   2,667,250    16.52     34,360     16.50
     Cooks, fast food.................................................................     673,490    14.31     29,760     14.07
     Cooks, institution and cafeteria.................................................     435,640    17.27     35,920     16.98
     Cooks, private household.........................................................         740    23.94     49,790     20.48
     Cooks, restaurant................................................................   1,412,350    17.34     36,060     17.20
     Cooks, short order...............................................................     126,370    16.31     33,920     16.41
     Cooks, all other.................................................................      18,650    18.08     37,610     17.27
    Food preparation workers..........................................................     879,610    15.85     32,960     15.59
   Food and beverage serving workers..................................................   6,893,410    15.89     33,060     14.50
    Bartenders........................................................................     711,140    17.83     37,090     15.15
    Fast food and counter workers.....................................................   3,676,580    14.48     30,110     14.20
    Waiters and waitresses............................................................   2,237,850    17.56     36,530     15.36
    Food servers, nonrestaurant.......................................................     267,840    16.27     33,840     15.92
   Other food preparation and serving related workers.................................   1,458,690    15.37     31,970     14.72
    Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers........................     483,390    15.74     32,730     14.99
    Dishwashers.......................................................................     463,940    15.22     31,650     15.00
    Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop..........................     425,020    14.78     30,750     14.05
    Food preparation and serving related workers, all other...........................      86,350    17.03     35,430     16.29
                                                                                                                                
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations                                4,429,070    18.43     38,320     17.30
   Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers...............     297,150    25.85     53,770     23.71
    First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers...     297,150    25.85     53,770     23.71
     First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers....................     171,120    24.03     49,980     22.43
     First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers..     126,020    28.33     58,920     26.80
   Building cleaning and pest control workers.........................................   3,116,220    17.36     36,100     16.72
    Building cleaning workers.........................................................   3,022,470    17.23     35,840     16.63
     Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners....................   2,172,500    17.43     36,250     16.84
     Maids and housekeeping cleaners..................................................     836,230    16.66     34,650     16.08
     Building cleaning workers, all other.............................................      13,740    21.03     43,740     19.18
    Pest control workers..............................................................      93,760    21.46     44,650     20.90
   Grounds maintenance workers........................................................   1,015,700    19.53     40,620     18.12
    Grounds maintenance workers.......................................................   1,015,700    19.53     40,620     18.12
     Landscaping and groundskeeping workers...........................................     929,930    19.13     39,790     17.96
     Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation........................      23,520    21.38     44,480     21.19
     Tree trimmers and pruners........................................................      50,270    25.41     52,850     23.59
     Grounds maintenance workers, all other...........................................      11,980    22.37     46,540     20.82
                                                                                                                                
Personal care and service occupations                                                    3,040,630    18.48     38,430     16.47
   Supervisors of personal care and service workers...................................     219,680    24.85     51,690     22.86
    First-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers....................     113,230    25.57     53,190     23.28
     First-line supervisors of gambling services workers..............................      25,100    29.86     62,110     29.43
     First-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers, except 
      gambling services...............................................................      88,140    24.35     50,650     22.14
    First-line supervisors of personal service workers................................     106,440    24.08     50,090     22.45
   Animal care and service workers....................................................     288,060    16.49     34,290     15.31
    Animal trainers...................................................................      19,240    21.59     44,910     18.66
    Animal caretakers.................................................................     268,830    16.12     33,530     15.00
   Entertainment attendants and related workers.......................................     612,760    15.50     32,250     14.35
    Gambling services workers.........................................................     102,570    18.65     38,790     15.50
     Gambling dealers.................................................................      80,570    19.25     40,030     15.50
     Gambling and sports book writers and runners.....................................       8,700    15.40     32,030     14.02
     Gambling service workers, all other..............................................      13,300    17.14     35,650     15.72
    Motion picture projectionists.....................................................       2,610    21.06     43,800     16.90
    Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers.......................................     117,560    14.67     30,520     14.32
    Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........................     390,020    14.89     30,970     14.21
     Amusement and recreation attendants..............................................     361,680    14.54     30,240     14.13
     Costume attendants...............................................................       6,300    28.96     60,230     25.18
     Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants..............................      14,720    16.63     34,590     16.08
     Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other..........................       7,320    16.67     34,670     16.00
   Funeral service workers............................................................      63,430    21.88     45,520     18.31
    Embalmers and crematory operators.................................................       6,600    24.35     50,640     23.00
     Embalmers........................................................................       3,380    27.26     56,690     26.01
     Crematory operators..............................................................       3,220    21.30     44,290     20.03
    Funeral attendants................................................................      32,620    16.92     35,200     16.27
    Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers....................................      24,200    27.90     58,020     24.53
   Personal appearance workers........................................................     532,400    19.96     41,510     16.79
    Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists............................     310,830    20.08     41,770     16.87
     Barbers..........................................................................      15,990    19.99     41,570     17.38
     Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists...................................     294,840    20.09     41,780     16.81
    Miscellaneous personal appearance workers.........................................     221,570    19.78     41,140     16.73
     Makeup artists, theatrical and performance.......................................       4,130    32.97     68,590     22.79
     Manicurists and pedicurists......................................................     144,810    17.54     36,480     16.47
     Shampooers.......................................................................       7,360    14.07     29,260     14.20
     Skincare specialists.............................................................      65,270    24.57     51,100     20.77
   Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges..........................................      69,800    18.52     38,530     17.43
    Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges.........................................      69,800    18.52     38,530     17.43
     Baggage porters and bellhops.....................................................      28,780    17.36     36,100     16.75
     Concierges.......................................................................      41,020    19.34     40,230     17.86
   Tour and travel guides.............................................................      46,760    19.37     40,280     17.34
    Tour and travel guides............................................................      46,760    19.37     40,280     17.34
   Other personal care and service workers............................................   1,207,740    18.44     38,340     16.68
    Childcare workers.................................................................     497,450    15.42     32,070     14.60
    Recreation and fitness workers....................................................     561,200    21.03     43,740     17.79
     Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors..................................     279,450    24.65     51,270     22.35
     Recreation workers...............................................................     281,750    17.44     36,270     16.55
    Residential advisors..............................................................      88,700    19.33     40,200     18.25
    Personal care and service workers, all other......................................      60,390    17.88     37,190     17.78
                                                                                                                                
Sales and related occupations                                                           13,380,660    25.62     53,280     17.67
   Supervisors of sales workers.......................................................   1,315,030    28.92     60,140     23.57
    First-line supervisors of sales workers...........................................   1,315,030    28.92     60,140     23.57
     First-line supervisors of retail sales workers...................................   1,087,890    25.01     52,030     22.47
     First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers...............................     227,150    47.61     99,020     40.66
   Retail sales workers...............................................................   7,655,030    16.59     34,520     15.36
    Cashiers..........................................................................   3,319,210    14.78     30,750     14.30
     Cashiers.........................................................................   3,298,660    14.77     30,710     14.29
     Gambling change persons and booth cashiers.......................................      20,560    17.32     36,030     15.98
    Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons..................................     651,070    19.91     41,410     17.88
     Counter and rental clerks........................................................     390,300    20.02     41,630     17.98
     Parts salespersons...............................................................     260,770    19.75     41,080     17.72
    Retail salespersons...............................................................   3,684,740    17.64     36,690     16.19
   Sales representatives, services....................................................   2,245,510    41.28     85,860     30.36
    Advertising sales agents..........................................................     108,100    36.45     75,820     29.46
    Insurance sales agents............................................................     457,510    38.32     79,700     28.40
    Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents......................     479,630    52.75    109,710     36.97
    Travel agents.....................................................................      58,250    24.06     50,040     22.79
    Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial                                                 
     services, and travel.............................................................   1,142,020    38.98     81,080     31.06
   Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing.................................   1,600,700    41.79     86,920     35.13
    Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................................   1,600,700    41.79     86,920     35.13
     Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific                                               
      products........................................................................     311,780    54.58    113,520     47.94
     Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and                                                   
      scientific products.............................................................   1,288,920    38.70     80,490     31.56
   Other sales and related workers....................................................     564,380    32.09     66,760     23.07
    Models, demonstrators, and product promoters......................................      53,880    20.52     42,680     17.88
     Demonstrators and product promoters..............................................      50,790    19.76     41,090     17.77
     Models...........................................................................       3,090    33.03     68,700     22.80
    Real estate brokers and sales agents..............................................     249,080    35.10     73,010     27.22
     Real estate brokers..............................................................      51,350    41.41     86,130     30.32
     Real estate sales agents.........................................................     197,720    33.46     69,610     26.11
    Sales engineers...................................................................      59,340    62.77    130,550     56.23
    Telemarketers.....................................................................      81,580    17.64     36,680     16.58
    Miscellaneous sales and related workers...........................................     120,500    25.74     53,530     21.20
     Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers.........       6,220    20.29     42,200     16.78
     Sales and related workers, all other.............................................     114,280    26.03     54,150     21.45
                                                                                                                                
Office and administrative support occupations                                           18,533,450    23.05     47,940     21.39
   Supervisors of office and administrative support workers...........................   1,504,570    32.99     68,620     30.50
    First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers...............   1,504,570    32.99     68,620     30.50
   Communications equipment operators.................................................      49,810    19.51     40,570     17.80
    Switchboard operators, including answering service................................      43,830    19.24     40,020     17.67
    Telephone operators...............................................................       4,600    20.24     42,100     18.31
    Communications equipment operators, all other.....................................       1,380    25.60     53,240     23.71
   Financial clerks...................................................................   2,739,760    23.01     47,860     22.02
    Bill and account collectors.......................................................     190,910    22.12     46,020     21.27
    Billing and posting clerks........................................................     430,220    22.66     47,120     21.92
    Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks......................................   1,501,910    23.84     49,580     22.81
    Gambling cage workers.............................................................      12,560    17.67     36,750     17.36
    Payroll and timekeeping clerks....................................................     157,230    26.29     54,690     25.11
    Procurement clerks................................................................      61,580    23.05     47,940     22.44
    Tellers...........................................................................     340,820    18.68     38,850     18.10
    Financial clerks, all other.......................................................      44,520    25.33     52,690     24.01
   Information and record clerks......................................................   5,537,420    20.49     42,610     18.77
    Brokerage clerks..................................................................      48,060    30.35     63,130     28.92
    Correspondence clerks.............................................................       4,650    22.57     46,940     20.25
    Court, municipal, and license clerks..............................................     157,960    23.44     48,760     22.17
    Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks..........................................      14,290    24.22     50,380     23.08
    Customer service representatives..................................................   2,858,710    20.92     43,520     19.08
    Eligibility interviewers, government programs.....................................     150,190    24.92     51,840     24.17
    File clerks.......................................................................      82,290    19.58     40,730     18.33
    Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks..............................................     263,800    15.66     32,570     14.80
    Interviewers, except eligibility and loan.........................................     160,550    20.55     42,750     19.38
    Library assistants, clerical......................................................      83,680    17.29     35,970     16.36
    Loan interviewers and clerks......................................................     203,940    23.40     48,660     22.78
    New accounts clerks...............................................................      41,180    21.48     44,670     21.46
    Order clerks......................................................................      91,830    20.93     43,530     20.00
    Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........................     101,440    23.46     48,800     22.94
    Receptionists and information clerks..............................................   1,003,820    17.59     36,590     17.23
    Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks....................     119,270    22.51     46,820     19.52
    Information and record clerks, all other..........................................     151,760    23.00     47,840     22.22
   Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers..............   2,316,650    24.25     50,430     22.40
    Cargo and freight agents..........................................................     105,220    25.22     52,460     23.24
    Couriers and messengers...........................................................      72,010    18.44     38,350     17.65
    Dispatchers.......................................................................     303,910    24.64     51,250     22.85
     Public safety telecommunicators..................................................      97,820    25.07     52,140     23.51
     Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance..................................     206,090    24.44     50,830     22.53
    Meter readers, utilities..........................................................      19,900    25.77     53,610     22.94
    Postal service workers............................................................     526,260    28.20     58,660     27.17
     Postal service clerks............................................................      78,130    28.48     59,240     28.64
     Postal service mail carriers.....................................................     331,600    28.53     59,340     27.08
     Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators........     116,540    27.09     56,350     25.69
    Production, planning, and expediting clerks.......................................     393,980    27.70     57,610     25.91
    Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks.........................................     844,120    20.54     42,730     19.12
    Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........................      51,250    21.27     44,240     20.80
   Secretaries and administrative assistants..........................................   3,171,290    23.95     49,810     22.12
    Secretaries and administrative assistants.........................................   3,171,290    23.95     49,810     22.12
     Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants....................     483,570    35.42     73,680     33.80
     Legal secretaries and administrative assistants..................................     152,790    27.08     56,330     24.37
     Medical secretaries and administrative assistants................................     749,500    20.85     43,380     19.54
     Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive..   1,785,430    21.87     45,490     21.29
   Other office and administrative support workers....................................   3,213,950    21.14     43,970     19.69
    Data entry and information processing workers.....................................     191,430    19.95     41,490     18.74
     Data entry keyers................................................................     154,230    19.29     40,130     18.17
     Word processors and typists......................................................      37,200    22.68     47,170     22.33
    Desktop publishers................................................................       5,220    27.73     57,680     24.66
    Insurance claims and policy processing clerks.....................................     241,650    23.81     49,530     22.55
    Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service.....................      66,600    18.45     38,370     17.73
    Office clerks, general............................................................   2,496,370    20.94     43,560     19.46
    Office machine operators, except computer.........................................      27,960    19.04     39,600     18.01
    Proofreaders and copy markers.....................................................       5,490    24.57     51,100     23.46
    Statistical assistants............................................................       7,200    25.92     53,900     24.29
    Office and administrative support workers, all other..............................     172,020    22.41     46,620     20.78
                                                                                                                                
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations                                                 432,200    19.22     39,970     17.08
   Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers..............................      27,150    29.23     60,790     27.56
    First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers..................      27,150    29.23     60,790     27.56
   Agricultural workers...............................................................     363,710    17.97     37,370     16.78
    Agricultural inspectors...........................................................      12,660    25.08     52,170     23.08
    Animal breeders...................................................................       1,360    25.73     53,520     22.86
    Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................................      23,430    16.77     34,880     16.52
    Miscellaneous agricultural workers................................................     326,260    17.75     36,910     16.72
     Agricultural equipment operators.................................................      28,910    20.12     41,850     19.08
     Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse..........................     258,730    17.37     36,140     16.57
     Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals...............................      32,590    17.82     37,060     16.88
     Agricultural workers, all other..................................................       6,040    21.95     45,660     19.53
   Forest, conservation, and logging workers..........................................      40,450    23.69     49,270     22.55
    Forest and conservation workers...................................................       5,750    17.72     36,860     16.32
    Logging workers...................................................................      34,710    24.67     51,320     23.52
     Fallers..........................................................................       4,800    29.42     61,190     25.56
     Logging equipment operators......................................................      23,720    23.94     49,790     23.19
     Log graders and scalers..........................................................       3,640    22.65     47,120     21.93
     Logging workers, all other.......................................................       2,540    25.46     52,950     25.23
                                                                                                                                
Construction and extraction occupations                                                  6,225,630    29.57     61,500     26.77
   Supervisors of construction and extraction workers.................................     777,420    39.11     81,340     36.90
    First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers..............     777,420    39.11     81,340     36.90
   Construction trades workers........................................................   4,588,620    28.53     59,350     25.00
    Boilermakers......................................................................      11,130    35.50     73,840     34.20
    Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons.........................................      66,630    30.04     62,470     28.27
     Brickmasons and blockmasons......................................................      56,830    30.50     63,430     28.67
     Stonemasons......................................................................       9,790    27.37     56,930     24.92
    Carpenters........................................................................     700,290    29.31     60,970     27.09
    Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers..................................      88,200    26.05     54,190     23.41
     Carpet installers................................................................      15,560    25.14     52,290     22.85
     Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles................................      25,150    27.25     56,680     23.48
     Floor sanders and finishers......................................................       5,070    24.00     49,910     22.96
     Tile and stone setters...........................................................      42,420    25.92     53,920     23.52
    Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers...........................     205,010    27.59     57,390     24.38
     Cement masons and concrete finishers.............................................     203,560    27.60     57,410     24.38
     Terrazzo workers and finishers...................................................       1,460    26.07     54,220     23.51
    Construction laborers.............................................................   1,019,090    23.69     49,280     21.78
    Construction equipment operators..................................................     496,460    29.63     61,620     26.57
     Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators...............................      43,080    26.53     55,170     23.55
     Pile driver operators............................................................       3,010    33.78     70,260     30.55
     Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators...................     450,370    29.89     62,180     27.00
    Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers...........................     106,420    30.11     62,620     27.41
     Drywall and ceiling tile installers..............................................      90,860    29.56     61,480     26.78
     Tapers...........................................................................      15,560    33.32     69,300     30.46
    Electricians......................................................................     712,580    32.60     67,810     29.61
    Glaziers..........................................................................      53,390    28.04     58,320     24.57
    Insulation workers................................................................      61,360    26.55     55,230     23.72
     Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall.....................................      38,510    25.04     52,080     22.86
     Insulation workers, mechanical...................................................      22,850    29.10     60,530     25.92
    Painters and paperhangers.........................................................     217,730    25.06     52,130     22.94
     Painters, construction and maintenance...........................................     215,910    25.05     52,110     22.94
     Paperhangers.....................................................................       1,830    25.97     54,020     23.30
    Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters...............................     471,000    32.08     66,730     29.27
     Pipelayers.......................................................................      34,840    25.41     52,840     22.76
     Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters..........................................     436,160    32.62     67,840     29.59
    Plasterers and stucco masons......................................................      22,310    28.39     59,050     25.31
    Reinforcing iron and rebar workers................................................      17,400    28.99     60,290     26.37
    Roofers...........................................................................     135,140    26.85     55,840     24.05
    Sheet metal workers...............................................................     116,190    30.90     64,270     28.26
    Structural iron and steel workers.................................................      63,780    32.80     68,220     30.17
    Solar photovoltaic installers.....................................................      24,510    25.55     53,140     23.46
   Helpers, construction trades.......................................................     191,670    19.87     41,340     18.57
    Helpers, construction trades......................................................     191,670    19.87     41,340     18.57
     Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters......      16,460    21.92     45,590     20.42
     Helpers--carpenters..............................................................      21,770    19.65     40,860     18.93
     Helpers--electricians............................................................      68,670    19.83     41,240     18.43
     Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons...................       7,700    18.63     38,750     17.79
     Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.....................      45,300    18.97     39,460     18.10
     Helpers--roofers.................................................................       4,540    20.33     42,280     18.57
     Helpers, construction trades, all other..........................................      27,250    20.71     43,090     19.34
   Other construction and related workers.............................................     455,520    28.87     60,050     25.44
    Construction and building inspectors..............................................     133,640    35.04     72,880     32.55
    Elevator and escalator installers and repairers...................................      23,990    48.11    100,060     49.24
    Fence erectors....................................................................      21,470    22.43     46,650     21.35
    Hazardous materials removal workers...............................................      49,960    25.69     53,430     22.73
    Highway maintenance workers.......................................................     150,860    23.59     49,070     22.77
    Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators.............................      18,770    32.37     67,330     32.21
    Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners.....................................      27,900    23.84     49,590     22.56
    Miscellaneous construction and related workers....................................      28,930    24.84     51,670     22.64
   Extraction workers.................................................................     212,390    27.22     56,610     24.89
    Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil and gas....................      69,840    29.13     60,590     27.93
     Derrick operators, oil and gas...................................................      11,510    28.04     58,330     27.99
     Rotary drill operators, oil and gas..............................................      12,180    32.36     67,320     29.70
     Service unit operators, oil and gas..............................................      46,150    28.55     59,390     26.80
    Surface mining machine operators and earth drillers...............................      50,640    27.50     57,190     24.97
     Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators, surface mining............      32,630    26.68     55,500     24.06
     Earth drillers, except oil and gas...............................................      18,010    28.97     60,250     27.24
    Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters.......................       4,610    31.54     65,600     29.61
    Underground mining machine operators..............................................      25,390    30.40     63,240     30.66
     Continuous mining machine operators..............................................      15,700    29.86     62,110     29.53
     Roof bolters, mining.............................................................       1,960    32.95     68,540     32.05
     Loading and moving machine operators, underground mining.........................       5,160    30.59     63,620     30.81
     Underground mining machine operators, all other..................................       2,560    31.39     65,290     33.13
    Rock splitters, quarry............................................................       3,610    23.00     47,830     22.37
    Roustabouts, oil and gas..........................................................      43,830    22.95     47,730     22.28
    Helpers--extraction workers.......................................................       7,360    22.59     46,990     21.88
    Extraction workers, all other.....................................................       7,120    25.51     53,050     23.84
                                                                                                                                
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations                                        5,989,460    28.13     58,500     25.92
   Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......................     589,880    37.99     79,020     36.45
    First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers....................     589,880    37.99     79,020     36.45
   Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...........     494,550    29.85     62,090     28.57
    Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers..........................      77,580    23.22     48,290     22.00
    Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers...................     171,480    30.78     64,030     29.46
     Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers....................      11,810    30.94     64,360     29.48
     Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers....     159,670    30.77     64,010     29.46
    Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and                                                
     repairers........................................................................     245,480    31.30     65,100     29.42
     Avionics technicians.............................................................      21,280    37.06     77,080     37.22
     Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers................................      16,010    25.27     52,550     23.67
     Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment....       7,920    36.72     76,380     38.06
     Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment........      58,320    33.56     69,810     32.06
     Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay..........      24,790    44.63     92,840     46.44
     Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles....................       8,900    22.87     47,570     21.91
     Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers...................................      24,720    25.35     52,720     23.26
     Security and fire alarm systems installers.......................................      83,540    27.59     57,400     27.13
   Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers..................   1,708,100    26.81     55,760     24.42
    Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................................     137,630    36.66     76,260     36.07
    Automotive technicians and repairers..............................................     845,360    25.20     52,410     23.07
     Automotive body and related repairers............................................     151,910    26.55     55,220     23.43
     Automotive glass installers and repairers........................................      16,890    22.12     46,010     21.79
     Automotive service technicians and mechanics.....................................     676,570    24.97     51,940     22.96
    Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists.............................     285,030    28.81     59,920     28.35
    Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics..............     233,590    30.06     62,520     29.33
     Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians.................................      36,830    25.06     52,120     23.66
     Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines.................................     177,280    30.93     64,340     29.76
     Rail car repairers...............................................................      19,480    31.58     65,690     31.27
    Small engine mechanics............................................................      73,630    23.11     48,070     22.36
     Motorboat mechanics and service technicians......................................      23,230    25.30     52,620     24.04
     Motorcycle mechanics.............................................................      14,330    23.06     47,960     22.24
     Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics.........................      36,080    21.72     45,180     21.22
    Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers...     132,860    18.87     39,250     17.57
     Bicycle repairers................................................................      13,980    18.92     39,360     18.42
     Recreational vehicle service technicians.........................................      17,360    24.37     50,690     23.05
     Tire repairers and changers......................................................     101,520    17.92     37,280     17.21
   Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............................   3,196,930    26.74     55,620     24.14
    Control and valve installers and repairers........................................      75,570    31.12     64,740     28.39
     Mechanical door repairers........................................................      27,800    24.83     51,640     23.39
     Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door...............      47,780    34.79     72,360     33.70
    Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers.............     397,450    28.66     59,620     27.55
    Home appliance repairers..........................................................      29,950    24.35     50,640     22.68
    Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers................     509,160    30.35     63,130     29.41
     Industrial machinery mechanics...................................................     412,650    30.62     63,690     29.53
     Maintenance workers, machinery...................................................      58,040    28.13     58,500     27.57
     Millwrights......................................................................      37,930    30.92     64,310     30.28
     Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons...............................         540    23.99     49,900     23.27
    Line installers and repairers.....................................................     219,120    37.64     78,290     37.89
     Electrical power-line installers and repairers...................................     120,170    41.30     85,900     41.07
     Telecommunications line installers and repairers.................................      98,950    33.19     69,040     31.08
    Precision instrument and equipment repairers......................................      85,320    30.15     62,700     28.55
     Camera and photographic equipment repairers......................................       2,540    28.30     58,870     22.52
     Medical equipment repairers......................................................      64,400    30.84     64,140     29.17
     Musical instrument repairers and tuners..........................................       6,170    22.24     46,250     20.58
     Watch and clock repairers........................................................       1,880    26.99     56,140     27.95
     Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other..........................      10,330    31.59     65,710     29.83
    Maintenance and repair workers, general...........................................   1,503,150    23.87     49,650     22.45
    Wind turbine service technicians..................................................       9,800    31.43     65,380     29.70
    Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers.......................     367,420    23.30     48,470     21.38
     Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers.....................      36,100    22.04     45,840     21.63
     Commercial divers................................................................       2,790    36.33     75,570     29.47
     Locksmiths and safe repairers....................................................      14,790    25.06     52,130     23.26
     Manufactured building and mobile home installers.................................       2,910    19.14     39,820     18.74
     Riggers..........................................................................      23,870    29.82     62,020     27.03
     Signal and track switch repairers................................................       9,200    39.33     81,810     39.76
     Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers...........................     101,890    18.61     38,720     17.65
     Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other.........................     175,860    24.27     50,480     22.36
                                                                                                                                
Production occupations                                                                   8,770,170    22.90     47,620     20.98
   Supervisors of production workers..................................................     671,160    34.48     71,730     31.70
    First-line supervisors of production and operating workers........................     671,160    34.48     71,730     31.70
   Assemblers and fabricators.........................................................   1,924,970    20.90     43,470     19.10
    Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers.....................      29,810    30.22     62,860     29.44
    Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers.........................     279,340    21.07     43,830     19.57
     Coil winders, tapers, and finishers..............................................      11,900    22.13     46,020     21.58
     Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders,                                             
      tapers, and finishers...........................................................     267,440    21.03     43,740     19.47
    Engine and other machine assemblers...............................................      47,960    25.71     53,470     24.17
    Structural metal fabricators and fitters..........................................      57,810    24.35     50,640     23.31
    Fiberglass laminators and fabricators.............................................      20,380    21.12     43,920     19.33
    Timing device assemblers and adjusters............................................         400    25.41     52,840     23.48
    Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators..........................................   1,489,280    20.39     42,400     18.71
   Food processing workers............................................................     848,630    18.37     38,220     17.71
    Bakers............................................................................     220,230    17.09     35,550     16.80
    Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers.....................     345,940    18.44     38,350     17.88
     Butchers and meat cutters........................................................     136,330    19.08     39,680     18.10
     Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers.....................................     138,300    17.71     36,840     17.45
     Slaughterers and meat packers....................................................      71,310    18.61     38,710     18.35
    Miscellaneous food processing workers.............................................     282,460    19.30     40,140     18.33
     Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders......      19,570    20.39     42,410     19.16
     Food batchmakers.................................................................     169,190    19.66     40,890     18.49
     Food cooking machine operators and tenders.......................................      29,730    19.12     39,770     18.54
     Food processing workers, all other...............................................      63,970    18.09     37,630     17.73
   Metal workers and plastic workers..................................................   1,605,180    23.73     49,350     22.53
    Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................      97,290    22.40     46,600     21.83
     Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.      63,370    21.85     45,440     21.34
     Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...............       9,170    22.76     47,350     22.59
     Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...............      24,750    23.70     49,290     22.61
    Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...........     293,770    21.61     44,950     20.82
     Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and                                            
      plastic.........................................................................     179,230    21.28     44,260     20.39
     Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and                                                
      plastic.........................................................................       5,740    22.83     47,490     21.45
     Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators,                                                 
      and tenders, metal and plastic..................................................      75,260    21.37     44,450     20.48
     Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and                                                  
      plastic.........................................................................      19,560    23.48     48,850     22.65
     Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...      13,990    24.05     50,020     22.69
    Machinists........................................................................     290,720    26.25     54,600     24.44
    Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters............................      26,340    25.70     53,460     24.14
     Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders.....................................      20,870    26.13     54,340     24.16
     Pourers and casters, metal.......................................................       5,460    24.09     50,110     23.41
    Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic.................................       4,990    29.06     60,450     28.29
     Model makers, metal and plastic..................................................       2,840    31.21     64,920     30.86
     Patternmakers, metal and plastic.................................................       2,150    26.22     54,550     23.88
    Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....     170,760    20.32     42,270     18.83
     Foundry mold and coremakers......................................................      11,780    21.70     45,130     21.30
     Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal                                            
      and plastic.....................................................................     158,980    20.22     42,060     18.69
    Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........     127,790    21.15     43,990     20.00
    Tool and die makers...............................................................      58,150    29.82     62,020     29.56
    Welding, soldering, and brazing workers...........................................     454,760    25.12     52,240     23.40
     Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers.........................................     421,730    25.31     52,640     23.53
     Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders..........      33,020    22.65     47,120     21.80
    Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers...................................      80,600    22.02     45,800     20.80
     Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......      14,950    22.38     46,540     21.27
     Layout workers, metal and plastic................................................       6,660    28.90     60,110     29.94
     Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...............      31,970    20.46     42,550     19.11
     Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners............................................       6,660    23.33     48,520     22.31
     Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.....................................      20,370    21.53     44,780     19.81
   Printing workers...................................................................     213,920    21.17     44,030     19.65
    Printing workers..................................................................     213,920    21.17     44,030     19.65
     Prepress technicians and workers.................................................      23,590    22.38     46,540     21.67
     Printing press operators.........................................................     151,450    21.37     44,450     20.13
     Print binding and finishing workers..............................................      38,880    19.64     40,860     18.32
   Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers..........................................     473,970    16.93     35,210     16.40
    Laundry and dry-cleaning workers..................................................     185,000    15.33     31,880     14.93
    Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials.................................      28,700    15.55     32,340     15.50
    Sewing machine operators..........................................................     116,130    16.83     35,000     16.56
    Shoe and leather workers..........................................................      11,850    17.72     36,850     17.45
     Shoe and leather workers and repairers...........................................       7,230    17.80     37,030     17.32
     Shoe machine operators and tenders...............................................       4,630    17.58     36,570     17.78
    Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers..................................................      18,340    18.76     39,020     17.16
     Sewers, hand.....................................................................       3,390    16.28     33,860     15.50
     Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers..........................................      14,950    19.32     40,190     17.62
    Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders...................................      55,950    17.96     37,370     17.38
     Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders.......................       6,650    18.06     37,570     16.99
     Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders..........................       9,760    17.81     37,040     17.61
     Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders.............      15,980    18.21     37,880     17.85
     Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and                                                 
      tenders.........................................................................      23,550    17.84     37,100     17.08
    Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers...........................      58,010    21.17     44,020     19.50
     Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and                                               
      glass fibers....................................................................      14,520    21.77     45,270     21.17
     Fabric and apparel patternmakers.................................................       2,670    32.09     66,750     30.05
     Upholsterers.....................................................................      25,740    21.55     44,820     20.54
     Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other.............................      15,080    18.00     37,430     16.89
   Woodworkers........................................................................     216,330    20.30     42,210     18.92
    Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................................      88,460    21.45     44,620     20.80
    Furniture finishers...............................................................      14,380    20.43     42,490     19.13
    Model makers and patternmakers, wood..............................................         850    25.22     52,460     23.22
     Model makers, wood...............................................................         590    25.25     52,510     21.66
     Patternmakers, wood..............................................................         260    25.16     52,330     23.38
    Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders...............................     104,820    19.36     40,260     18.34
     Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood.............................      43,570    19.29     40,120     18.27
     Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing...............      61,250    19.40     40,360     18.40
    Woodworkers, all other............................................................       7,830    19.00     39,520     18.15
   Plant and system operators.........................................................     283,480    35.00     72,810     32.26
    Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers..............................      46,300    47.21     98,190     48.50
     Nuclear power reactor operators..................................................       5,760    58.29    121,240     57.86
     Power distributors and dispatchers...............................................       9,040    50.70    105,460     50.36
     Power plant operators............................................................      31,490    44.17     91,880     46.64
    Stationary engineers and boiler operators.........................................      33,840    35.18     73,170     32.52
    Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators.........................     120,710    27.91     58,050     26.39
    Miscellaneous plant and system operators..........................................      82,630    38.46     80,000     38.80
     Chemical plant and system operators..............................................      17,980    38.20     79,450     38.48
     Gas plant operators..............................................................      15,930    39.91     83,020     39.69
     Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers.................      33,360    42.36     88,120     45.47
     Plant and system operators, all other............................................      15,370    28.80     59,890     27.37
   Other production occupations.......................................................   2,532,530    22.46     46,710     21.10
    Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................     173,420    26.78     55,700     24.18
     Chemical equipment operators and tenders.........................................     120,260    27.57     57,350     24.86
     Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters,                                               
      operators, and tenders..........................................................      53,170    24.98     51,960     23.13
    Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers.......................     144,230    22.65     47,120     21.86
     Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders........      26,210    22.31     46,390     21.40
     Grinding and polishing workers, hand.............................................      12,290    19.95     41,490     18.72
     Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders......................     105,740    23.05     47,950     22.16
    Cutting workers...................................................................      59,950    21.18     44,050     20.82
     Cutters and trimmers, hand.......................................................       7,220    18.88     39,260     17.81
     Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders......................      52,720    21.49     44,700     21.31
    Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and                                                
     tenders..........................................................................      57,080    21.45     44,610     20.52
    Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders......................      14,820    22.86     47,540     21.94
    Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers..............................     584,630    23.68     49,260     22.04
    Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers.....................................      24,060    25.00     52,000     22.81
    Dental and ophthalmic laboratory technicians and medical appliance technicians....      64,970    23.36     48,590     21.46
     Dental laboratory technicians....................................................      34,190    25.19     52,390     22.93
     Medical appliance technicians....................................................      12,550    23.49     48,860     21.62
     Ophthalmic laboratory technicians................................................      18,240    19.85     41,280     18.13
    Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders...............................     371,600    19.81     41,200     18.43
    Painting workers..................................................................     166,570    23.17     48,200     21.80
     Painting, coating, and decorating workers........................................      10,700    21.18     44,050     19.34
     Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders..........     155,880    23.31     48,480     21.90
    Semiconductor processing technicians..............................................      26,450    23.54     48,970     22.04
    Photographic process workers and processing machine operators.....................       5,770    20.14     41,900     17.12
    Computer numerically controlled tool operators and programmers....................     215,710    25.58     53,200     23.89
     Computer numerically controlled tool operators...................................     187,670    24.54     51,030     23.34
     Computer numerically controlled tool programmers.................................      28,030    32.52     67,650     30.50
    Miscellaneous production workers..................................................     623,280    20.36     42,360     18.63
     Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders...................................      12,510    21.35     44,400     20.93
     Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders............      15,210    19.95     41,500     18.92
     Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders.............................       6,500    21.56     44,840     20.40
     Etchers and engravers............................................................       8,140    20.57     42,780     19.25
     Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic..........................      38,480    21.50     44,710     20.82
     Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders..............................      96,460    23.52     48,910     22.71
     Tire builders....................................................................      20,660    25.93     53,930     26.00
     Helpers--production workers......................................................     181,810    18.35     38,160     17.65
     Production workers, all other....................................................     243,500    19.90     41,400     18.00
                                                                                                                                
Transportation and material moving occupations                                          13,752,760    22.45     46,690     19.26
   Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers..........................     603,350    30.70     63,860     29.09
    First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers..............     603,350    30.70     63,860     29.09
     Aircraft cargo handling supervisors..............................................       9,020    31.23     64,950     28.33
     First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except                                               
      aircraft cargo handling supervisors.............................................     594,330    30.69     63,840     29.09
   Air transportation workers.........................................................     313,070     (²)     140,030      (²)
    Aircraft pilots and flight engineers..............................................     146,420     (²)     209,680      (²)
     Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers...................................      93,670     (²)     250,050      (²)
     Commercial pilots................................................................      52,750     (²)     138,010      (²)
    Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists.......................      40,630    49.59    103,140     43.89
     Air traffic controllers..........................................................      22,310    65.77    136,790     66.05
     Airfield operations specialists..................................................      18,320    29.88     62,140     24.59
    Flight attendants.................................................................     126,020     (²)      70,980      (²)
   Motor vehicle operators............................................................   4,353,340    23.96     49,830     22.83
    Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians............      11,520    16.55     34,420     15.66
    Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................................   3,511,470    24.43     50,810     23.14
     Driver/sales workers.............................................................     463,120    18.38     38,230     17.03
     Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers..........................................   2,044,400    26.92     55,990     26.12
     Light truck drivers..............................................................   1,003,960    22.16     46,090     20.42
    Passenger vehicle drivers.........................................................     779,210    22.25     46,280     21.19
     Bus drivers, school..............................................................     371,530    21.74     45,210     21.95
     Bus drivers, transit and intercity...............................................     184,990    28.78     59,860     28.93
     Shuttle drivers and chauffeurs...................................................     204,930    17.75     36,920     16.94
     Taxi drivers.....................................................................      17,770    16.88     35,120     16.67
    Motor vehicle operators, all other................................................      51,140    19.22     39,970     17.16
   Rail transportation workers........................................................     111,600    34.69     72,150     35.53
    Locomotive engineers and operators................................................      34,820    35.86     74,600     35.75
     Locomotive engineers.............................................................      32,390    36.48     75,870     35.95
     Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers..............................       2,430    27.69     57,580     27.44
    Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators and locomotive firers................      13,610    30.21     62,840     30.55
    Railroad conductors and yardmasters...............................................      46,490    34.72     72,220     34.20
    Subway and streetcar operators....................................................      14,860    37.20     77,370     40.51
    Rail transportation workers, all other............................................       1,830    24.39     50,730     21.47
   Water transportation workers.......................................................      76,040    38.00     79,030     31.22
    Sailors and marine oilers.........................................................      29,960    25.71     53,470     23.27
    Ship and boat captains and operators..............................................      37,220    45.42     94,480     39.72
     Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels.....................................      34,520    47.03     97,820     42.66
     Motorboat operators..............................................................       2,710    24.91     51,810     22.32
    Ship engineers....................................................................       8,860    48.34    100,550     45.32
   Other transportation workers.......................................................     305,390    19.28     40,110     16.84
    Bridge and lock tenders...........................................................       3,460    24.07     50,070     23.62
    Parking attendants................................................................     118,130    15.72     32,700     15.79
    Transportation service attendants.................................................     117,460    17.37     36,140     16.83
     Automotive and watercraft service attendants.....................................      92,530    16.60     34,530     16.26
     Aircraft service attendants......................................................      24,940    20.25     42,110     18.80
    Traffic technicians...............................................................       7,530    27.25     56,680     25.12
    Transportation inspectors.........................................................      27,670    40.35     83,920     41.96
    Passenger attendants..............................................................      20,190    17.68     36,780     17.12
    Transportation workers, all other.................................................      10,940    20.93     43,530     19.37
   Material moving workers............................................................   7,989,980    19.05     39,620     17.93
    Conveyor operators and tenders....................................................      24,660    20.63     42,900     18.88
    Crane and tower operators.........................................................      42,260    32.71     68,040     31.10
    Dredge operators..................................................................         940    25.82     53,700     24.25
    Hoist and winch operators.........................................................       2,230    31.64     65,810     26.90
    Industrial truck and tractor operators............................................     778,920    21.98     45,720     21.38
    Laborers and material movers......................................................   6,935,980    18.46     38,400     17.65
     Cleaners of vehicles and equipment...............................................     365,290    16.95     35,250     16.42
     Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand...........................   3,008,300    19.12     39,760     18.10
     Machine feeders and offbearers...................................................      44,500    19.71     41,000     18.87
     Packers and packagers, hand......................................................     645,210    17.05     35,450     16.74
     Stockers and order fillers.......................................................   2,872,680    18.27     37,990     17.50
    Pumping station operators.........................................................      34,200    31.41     65,320     30.06
     Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators.................................       4,400    30.68     63,810     29.75
     Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers..........................................      11,570    28.20     58,650     26.29
     Wellhead pumpers.................................................................      18,230    33.62     69,930     34.53
    Refuse and recyclable material collectors.........................................     135,430    22.99     47,810     22.00
    Tank car, truck, and ship loaders.................................................      11,400    29.10     60,530     28.18
    Material moving workers, all other................................................      23,970    22.04     45,840     19.38

     1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080
        hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly
        calculated from the reported survey data.

     2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or
        annual salaries, depending on how they are typically paid.

     3 Represents a wage equal to or greater than $115.00 per hour.

 

Last Modified Date: April 03, 2024